{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Tim+Abbott+Americana\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1946","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Tim+Abbott+Americana\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1946\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Cross Keys Precinct voting records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_797#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_797#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_797#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_797.xml","title_ssm":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"title_tesim":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0415","/repositories/4/resources/797"],"text":["SC 0415","/repositories/4/resources/797","Cross Keys Precinct voting records","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History","Voting -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Political participation -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Elections -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Management","Voters' lists","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The Cross Keys voting precinct is located in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County. Carl Conger (1885-1957) and R. H. Hulvey (1899-1960), who are both documented in the collection, held leadership positions on the electoral board and were affiliated with the Cross Keys voting precinct. Conger was registrar from approximately the early to mid-1930s.","Voting records, comprising bound voter registers, registration transfer forms, registration oaths, and mail-in ballot forms, document the Cross Keys voting precinct in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County, Virginia. The records appear to exclusively document white voters. A selection of materials concern the Hulvey family and are not obviously related to voting records.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on front cover includes a handwritten \"purged\" date of September 5, 1936. ","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on the front cover includes a handwritten date of September 18, 1942.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Bound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0415","/repositories/4/resources/797"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"collection_ssim":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","Tim Abbott Americana"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Tim Abbott Americana in August 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Voting -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Political participation -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Elections -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Management","Voters' lists"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Voting -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Political participation -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Elections -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Management","Voters' lists"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.67 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.67 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Voters' lists"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cross Keys voting precinct is located in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County. Carl Conger (1885-1957) and R. H. Hulvey (1899-1960), who are both documented in the collection, held leadership positions on the electoral board and were affiliated with the Cross Keys voting precinct. Conger was registrar from approximately the early to mid-1930s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Cross Keys voting precinct is located in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County. Carl Conger (1885-1957) and R. H. Hulvey (1899-1960), who are both documented in the collection, held leadership positions on the electoral board and were affiliated with the Cross Keys voting precinct. Conger was registrar from approximately the early to mid-1930s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box#, folder #], Cross Keys Precinct voting records, xxxx-xxxx, SC 0415, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box#, folder #], Cross Keys Precinct voting records, xxxx-xxxx, SC 0415, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVoting records, comprising bound voter registers, registration transfer forms, registration oaths, and mail-in ballot forms, document the Cross Keys voting precinct in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County, Virginia. The records appear to exclusively document white voters. A selection of materials concern the Hulvey family and are not obviously related to voting records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted label on front cover includes a handwritten \"purged\" date of September 5, 1936. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted label on the front cover includes a handwritten date of September 18, 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Voting records, comprising bound voter registers, registration transfer forms, registration oaths, and mail-in ballot forms, document the Cross Keys voting precinct in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County, Virginia. The records appear to exclusively document white voters. A selection of materials concern the Hulvey family and are not obviously related to voting records.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on front cover includes a handwritten \"purged\" date of September 5, 1936. ","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on the front cover includes a handwritten date of September 18, 1942."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3044569a2520289cda416c3bd18243a\"\u003eBound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Bound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"persname_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:27.499Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_797","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_797.xml","title_ssm":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"title_tesim":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0415","/repositories/4/resources/797"],"text":["SC 0415","/repositories/4/resources/797","Cross Keys Precinct voting records","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History","Voting -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Political participation -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Elections -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Management","Voters' lists","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The Cross Keys voting precinct is located in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County. Carl Conger (1885-1957) and R. H. Hulvey (1899-1960), who are both documented in the collection, held leadership positions on the electoral board and were affiliated with the Cross Keys voting precinct. Conger was registrar from approximately the early to mid-1930s.","Voting records, comprising bound voter registers, registration transfer forms, registration oaths, and mail-in ballot forms, document the Cross Keys voting precinct in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County, Virginia. The records appear to exclusively document white voters. A selection of materials concern the Hulvey family and are not obviously related to voting records.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on front cover includes a handwritten \"purged\" date of September 5, 1936. ","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on the front cover includes a handwritten date of September 18, 1942.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Bound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0415","/repositories/4/resources/797"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"collection_ssim":["Cross Keys Precinct voting records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957","Tim Abbott Americana"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Cross Keys (Rockingham County, Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Tim Abbott Americana in August 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Voting -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Political participation -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Elections -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Management","Voters' lists"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Voting -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Political participation -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Elections -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Management","Voters' lists"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.67 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.67 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Voters' lists"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cross Keys voting precinct is located in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County. Carl Conger (1885-1957) and R. H. Hulvey (1899-1960), who are both documented in the collection, held leadership positions on the electoral board and were affiliated with the Cross Keys voting precinct. Conger was registrar from approximately the early to mid-1930s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Cross Keys voting precinct is located in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County. Carl Conger (1885-1957) and R. H. Hulvey (1899-1960), who are both documented in the collection, held leadership positions on the electoral board and were affiliated with the Cross Keys voting precinct. Conger was registrar from approximately the early to mid-1930s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box#, folder #], Cross Keys Precinct voting records, xxxx-xxxx, SC 0415, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box#, folder #], Cross Keys Precinct voting records, xxxx-xxxx, SC 0415, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVoting records, comprising bound voter registers, registration transfer forms, registration oaths, and mail-in ballot forms, document the Cross Keys voting precinct in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County, Virginia. The records appear to exclusively document white voters. A selection of materials concern the Hulvey family and are not obviously related to voting records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted label on front cover includes a handwritten \"purged\" date of September 5, 1936. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted label on the front cover includes a handwritten date of September 18, 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Voting records, comprising bound voter registers, registration transfer forms, registration oaths, and mail-in ballot forms, document the Cross Keys voting precinct in the Ashby magisterial district in Rockingham County, Virginia. The records appear to exclusively document white voters. A selection of materials concern the Hulvey family and are not obviously related to voting records.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on front cover includes a handwritten \"purged\" date of September 5, 1936. ","Date range assigned according to the date of registration or registration transfer date as recorded in the voter roll.","Printed label on the front cover includes a handwritten date of September 18, 1942."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3044569a2520289cda416c3bd18243a\"\u003eBound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Bound voter registers and assorted voter records from the Cross Keys Precint of Rockingham County, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"persname_ssim":["Hulvey, R. H. (Ray Harold), 1899-1960","Conger, Carl, 1885-1957"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:27.499Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_797"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"George K. Harnsberger Ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_654#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Tim Abbott Americana","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_654#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_654#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_654.xml","title_ssm":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"title_tesim":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0312","/repositories/4/resources/654"],"text":["SC 0312","/repositories/4/resources/654","George K. Harnsberger Ledger","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Farmers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger and loose documents are housed in separate folders.","Obituary of Anne Virginia Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, February 10, 1931.","Obituary of George Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, April 30, 1984.","George Kemper Harnsberger (1899-1984) was born in Port Republic, Virginia to John Isaac and Adelaide Kemper Harnsberger. After graduating from Virginia Tech and serving in WWI, Harnsberger was employed as a land surveyor for Rockingham County. He was actively involved in the Virginia Association of Surveyors, American Legion Post 27, and Rockingham Union Lodge 27 AF \u0026 AM. He married Sarah Hering in 1938. The ledger suggests that Harnsberger lived on or had access to a farm where he raised and sold cattle, sheep, and poultry and grew crops.","All loose documents laid in the ledger were removed and foldered separately.","The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","The ledger documents Harnsberger's personal financial activities including the amount spent during a given time period on food, allowance, church, housekeeping service, liquor, clothing, medical and dental expenses, and life insurance. The ledger also records amounts paid to individuals and local businesses. Businesses listed include Harrisonburg Telephone Company, Rocco Feed, Augusta Farm Bureau, Rockingham Farm Bureau, Whitesel Brothers, Shenandoah Equipment, Wetsel Seed, and VEPCO. The ledger also documents farm activities including a handwritten table of \"Cow Breeding Dates.\"","A loose document titled River Bend Farm, 1939 details financial information (farm receipts, farm disbursements, new equipment, new stock, and repairs/improvements). Harnsberger's aunt and uncle, Janet and Charles G. Harnsberger, owned a farm by the name of River Bend near Elkton on the Shenandoah River. It's likely that this document is in reference to the family's farm. Other loose items removed from the ledger include financial documents and receipts from Rockingham Co-operative Farm Bureau, and Harrisonburg Telephone Company. ","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0312","/repositories/4/resources/654"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana's Virginiana Catalog #4, April 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Farmers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Farmers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger and loose documents are housed in separate folders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledger and loose documents are housed in separate folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eObituary of Anne Virginia Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, February 10, 1931.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary of George Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, April 30, 1984.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary of Anne Virginia Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, February 10, 1931.","Obituary of George Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, April 30, 1984."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Kemper Harnsberger (1899-1984) was born in Port Republic, Virginia to John Isaac and Adelaide Kemper Harnsberger. After graduating from Virginia Tech and serving in WWI, Harnsberger was employed as a land surveyor for Rockingham County. He was actively involved in the Virginia Association of Surveyors, American Legion Post 27, and Rockingham Union Lodge 27 AF \u0026amp; AM. He married Sarah Hering in 1938. The ledger suggests that Harnsberger lived on or had access to a farm where he raised and sold cattle, sheep, and poultry and grew crops.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Kemper Harnsberger (1899-1984) was born in Port Republic, Virginia to John Isaac and Adelaide Kemper Harnsberger. After graduating from Virginia Tech and serving in WWI, Harnsberger was employed as a land surveyor for Rockingham County. He was actively involved in the Virginia Association of Surveyors, American Legion Post 27, and Rockingham Union Lodge 27 AF \u0026 AM. He married Sarah Hering in 1938. The ledger suggests that Harnsberger lived on or had access to a farm where he raised and sold cattle, sheep, and poultry and grew crops."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, SC 0312, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, SC 0312, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll loose documents laid in the ledger were removed and foldered separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["All loose documents laid in the ledger were removed and foldered separately."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger documents Harnsberger's personal financial activities including the amount spent during a given time period on food, allowance, church, housekeeping service, liquor, clothing, medical and dental expenses, and life insurance. The ledger also records amounts paid to individuals and local businesses. Businesses listed include Harrisonburg Telephone Company, Rocco Feed, Augusta Farm Bureau, Rockingham Farm Bureau, Whitesel Brothers, Shenandoah Equipment, Wetsel Seed, and VEPCO. The ledger also documents farm activities including a handwritten table of \"Cow Breeding Dates.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA loose document titled River Bend Farm, 1939 details financial information (farm receipts, farm disbursements, new equipment, new stock, and repairs/improvements). Harnsberger's aunt and uncle, Janet and Charles G. Harnsberger, owned a farm by the name of River Bend near Elkton on the Shenandoah River. It's likely that this document is in reference to the family's farm. Other loose items removed from the ledger include financial documents and receipts from Rockingham Co-operative Farm Bureau, and Harrisonburg Telephone Company. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","The ledger documents Harnsberger's personal financial activities including the amount spent during a given time period on food, allowance, church, housekeeping service, liquor, clothing, medical and dental expenses, and life insurance. The ledger also records amounts paid to individuals and local businesses. Businesses listed include Harrisonburg Telephone Company, Rocco Feed, Augusta Farm Bureau, Rockingham Farm Bureau, Whitesel Brothers, Shenandoah Equipment, Wetsel Seed, and VEPCO. The ledger also documents farm activities including a handwritten table of \"Cow Breeding Dates.\"","A loose document titled River Bend Farm, 1939 details financial information (farm receipts, farm disbursements, new equipment, new stock, and repairs/improvements). Harnsberger's aunt and uncle, Janet and Charles G. Harnsberger, owned a farm by the name of River Bend near Elkton on the Shenandoah River. It's likely that this document is in reference to the family's farm. Other loose items removed from the ledger include financial documents and receipts from Rockingham Co-operative Farm Bureau, and Harrisonburg Telephone Company. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4fd952fcc29bc3e5c0698e163dcb5403\"\u003eThe George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented."],"names_coll_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:58.075Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_654","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_654.xml","title_ssm":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"title_tesim":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0312","/repositories/4/resources/654"],"text":["SC 0312","/repositories/4/resources/654","George K. Harnsberger Ledger","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Farmers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger and loose documents are housed in separate folders.","Obituary of Anne Virginia Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, February 10, 1931.","Obituary of George Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, April 30, 1984.","George Kemper Harnsberger (1899-1984) was born in Port Republic, Virginia to John Isaac and Adelaide Kemper Harnsberger. After graduating from Virginia Tech and serving in WWI, Harnsberger was employed as a land surveyor for Rockingham County. He was actively involved in the Virginia Association of Surveyors, American Legion Post 27, and Rockingham Union Lodge 27 AF \u0026 AM. He married Sarah Hering in 1938. The ledger suggests that Harnsberger lived on or had access to a farm where he raised and sold cattle, sheep, and poultry and grew crops.","All loose documents laid in the ledger were removed and foldered separately.","The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","The ledger documents Harnsberger's personal financial activities including the amount spent during a given time period on food, allowance, church, housekeeping service, liquor, clothing, medical and dental expenses, and life insurance. The ledger also records amounts paid to individuals and local businesses. Businesses listed include Harrisonburg Telephone Company, Rocco Feed, Augusta Farm Bureau, Rockingham Farm Bureau, Whitesel Brothers, Shenandoah Equipment, Wetsel Seed, and VEPCO. The ledger also documents farm activities including a handwritten table of \"Cow Breeding Dates.\"","A loose document titled River Bend Farm, 1939 details financial information (farm receipts, farm disbursements, new equipment, new stock, and repairs/improvements). Harnsberger's aunt and uncle, Janet and Charles G. Harnsberger, owned a farm by the name of River Bend near Elkton on the Shenandoah River. It's likely that this document is in reference to the family's farm. Other loose items removed from the ledger include financial documents and receipts from Rockingham Co-operative Farm Bureau, and Harrisonburg Telephone Company. ","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0312","/repositories/4/resources/654"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["George K. Harnsberger Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana's Virginiana Catalog #4, April 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Farmers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Farmers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Financial Records"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger and loose documents are housed in separate folders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledger and loose documents are housed in separate folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eObituary of Anne Virginia Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, February 10, 1931.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary of George Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, April 30, 1984.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary of Anne Virginia Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, February 10, 1931.","Obituary of George Harnsberger, Daily News-Record, April 30, 1984."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Kemper Harnsberger (1899-1984) was born in Port Republic, Virginia to John Isaac and Adelaide Kemper Harnsberger. After graduating from Virginia Tech and serving in WWI, Harnsberger was employed as a land surveyor for Rockingham County. He was actively involved in the Virginia Association of Surveyors, American Legion Post 27, and Rockingham Union Lodge 27 AF \u0026amp; AM. He married Sarah Hering in 1938. The ledger suggests that Harnsberger lived on or had access to a farm where he raised and sold cattle, sheep, and poultry and grew crops.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Kemper Harnsberger (1899-1984) was born in Port Republic, Virginia to John Isaac and Adelaide Kemper Harnsberger. After graduating from Virginia Tech and serving in WWI, Harnsberger was employed as a land surveyor for Rockingham County. He was actively involved in the Virginia Association of Surveyors, American Legion Post 27, and Rockingham Union Lodge 27 AF \u0026 AM. He married Sarah Hering in 1938. The ledger suggests that Harnsberger lived on or had access to a farm where he raised and sold cattle, sheep, and poultry and grew crops."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, SC 0312, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, SC 0312, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll loose documents laid in the ledger were removed and foldered separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["All loose documents laid in the ledger were removed and foldered separately."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger documents Harnsberger's personal financial activities including the amount spent during a given time period on food, allowance, church, housekeeping service, liquor, clothing, medical and dental expenses, and life insurance. The ledger also records amounts paid to individuals and local businesses. Businesses listed include Harrisonburg Telephone Company, Rocco Feed, Augusta Farm Bureau, Rockingham Farm Bureau, Whitesel Brothers, Shenandoah Equipment, Wetsel Seed, and VEPCO. The ledger also documents farm activities including a handwritten table of \"Cow Breeding Dates.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA loose document titled River Bend Farm, 1939 details financial information (farm receipts, farm disbursements, new equipment, new stock, and repairs/improvements). Harnsberger's aunt and uncle, Janet and Charles G. Harnsberger, owned a farm by the name of River Bend near Elkton on the Shenandoah River. It's likely that this document is in reference to the family's farm. Other loose items removed from the ledger include financial documents and receipts from Rockingham Co-operative Farm Bureau, and Harrisonburg Telephone Company. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.","The ledger documents Harnsberger's personal financial activities including the amount spent during a given time period on food, allowance, church, housekeeping service, liquor, clothing, medical and dental expenses, and life insurance. The ledger also records amounts paid to individuals and local businesses. Businesses listed include Harrisonburg Telephone Company, Rocco Feed, Augusta Farm Bureau, Rockingham Farm Bureau, Whitesel Brothers, Shenandoah Equipment, Wetsel Seed, and VEPCO. The ledger also documents farm activities including a handwritten table of \"Cow Breeding Dates.\"","A loose document titled River Bend Farm, 1939 details financial information (farm receipts, farm disbursements, new equipment, new stock, and repairs/improvements). Harnsberger's aunt and uncle, Janet and Charles G. Harnsberger, owned a farm by the name of River Bend near Elkton on the Shenandoah River. It's likely that this document is in reference to the family's farm. Other loose items removed from the ledger include financial documents and receipts from Rockingham Co-operative Farm Bureau, and Harrisonburg Telephone Company. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4fd952fcc29bc3e5c0698e163dcb5403\"\u003eThe George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The George K. Harnsberger Ledger, 1939-1957, documents Harnsberger's personal and farm related financial activities. The ledger primarily records expenses, but payments received for sales of grain and other crops, livestock, and poultry are also documented."],"names_coll_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:58.075Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_654"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Massanutten Hatchery Photographs","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_634#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Massanutten Hatchery","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_634#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_634#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_634.xml","title_ssm":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["1934-1948"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-1948"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0300","/repositories/4/resources/634"],"text":["SC 0300","/repositories/4/resources/634","Massanutten Hatchery Photographs","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Chickens -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Agriculture -- Economic aspects","Photographs","Negatives (photographs)","Sales catalogs","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The photographs were received in no particular order. The photographs of chickens are mostly arranged according to breed and style of photograph. No attempt was made by the archivist to distinguish between photographs of New Hampshire Reds and Rhode Island Reds. All photographs documenting what appears to be a red variety of chicken are grouped together. The collection is further arranged chronologically.","Harrisonburg Chamber of Commerce. Harrisonburg, Virginia: A General Industrial Survey. Harrisonburg, VA: The Garrison Press, 1926.","Laura Cochran and Lindsay Marti, \"Enrollment levels after four year rise,\" The Breeze, November 5, 2001.","Amber Logsdon, \"With new Home Comes Reflections On Past Performance Spaces,\" The Breeze, April 22, 2010.","\"New Firm Takes Over Hatchery,\" Daily News-Record, July 20, 1953.","Obituary for Gilbert R. Spitzer, Daily News-Record, August 1, 1935.","Obituary for C. B. Williamson, Daily News-Record, February 5, 1958.","Massanutten Hatchery, Inc., variously known as Massanutten Farms Hatchery, was formed in 1923 by C. B. Williamson (1880-1958), former superintendent of the Chesapeake Western Railway, and Gilbert Spitzer (1886-1935). The chicken hatchery was located at 1020 S. Main Street in Harrisonburg. The hatchery also operated a breeding farm in McGaheysville, Virginia. ","With a capacity of more than 200,000 chicks, Massanutten Hatchery was widely recognized as the largest commercial hatchery in the south. They specialized in White Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire Reds, and Barred Rocks. At some point, the hatchery transitioned to include turkeys.","In 1953, Harold W. Clark, a Pennsylvania businessman with experience in poultry husbandry, purchased the hatchery from C. B. Williamson and Bessie Baker, Gilbert Spitzer's widow. Charles W. Wampler (1885-1976) became president of the hatchery in 1956. Massanutten Hatchery, Inc. is last listed in the 1970 Harrisonburg city directory. At that time, Charles W. Wampler was listed as its president, Marion I. Eberly as its vice president, and William D. Wampler as its secretary/treasurer.","During the 1970s, James Madison University acquired the hatchery building and renovated it into an experimental theatre space - Wampler Experimental Theatre/Wampler  Building. The building was also known as Theatre II and housed JMU's School of Theatre and Dance administrative and faculty offices and classrooms. ","The hatchery building was razed in the summer of 2010. As of 2020, a JMU parking lot (K Lot), a FedEx Office, and JMU Print Services occupy the former approximate location of Massanutten Hatchery.","The photographs exhibited curling when received by Special Collections. The panoramic photograph of Massanutten Hatchery was humidified,  flattened, and housed in a mylar sleeve. The other photographs were flattened under weight for a period of time.","Aerial photographs of Massanutten Hatchery, Hoyle Garber Collection, Mt. Jackson Museum.","Harrisonburg Historic Map Collection 1873-1982 (bulk 1903-1956), SC 0050, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.","The photographs document the breeds of chickens (and chicks) available through the hatchery, specifically White Leghorns, Barred Rocks, and  New Hampshire Reds and/or Rhode Island Reds. Over the course of its business, the hatchery had both variety of Reds available. As the photographs are all black-and-white, it is difficult to determine which breed of Red is documented in each particular photograph. The chickens are photographed in their flocks, at the breeding farm in McGaheysville, in the hatchery in Harrisonburg, and in posed photographs usually featuring only one chicken in profile. Interior shots of the hatchery primarily document chickens, but a selection include workers and equipment. Photographs of the hatchery's exterior are included. ","Many of the photographs include captions, notations, or specifications for cropping or other edits to be made for publication. Photographers, as identified by stamps on the back of photographs, include Lee Studio (Harrisonburg), Dean-Kaylor Studio (Harrisonburg), and Gitchell's Studio (Harrisonburg).","Four catalogs document the hatchery's marketing and sales techniques and include comparable photographs to the originals found in the collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0300","/repositories/4/resources/634"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"collection_ssim":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana in November 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Chickens -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Agriculture -- Economic aspects","Photographs","Negatives (photographs)","Sales catalogs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Chickens -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Agriculture -- Economic aspects","Photographs","Negatives (photographs)","Sales catalogs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Negatives (photographs)","Sales catalogs"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs were received in no particular order. The photographs of chickens are mostly arranged according to breed and style of photograph. No attempt was made by the archivist to distinguish between photographs of New Hampshire Reds and Rhode Island Reds. All photographs documenting what appears to be a red variety of chicken are grouped together. The collection is further arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The photographs were received in no particular order. The photographs of chickens are mostly arranged according to breed and style of photograph. No attempt was made by the archivist to distinguish between photographs of New Hampshire Reds and Rhode Island Reds. All photographs documenting what appears to be a red variety of chicken are grouped together. The collection is further arranged chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eHarrisonburg Chamber of Commerce. Harrisonburg, Virginia: A General Industrial Survey. Harrisonburg, VA: The Garrison Press, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eLaura Cochran and Lindsay Marti, \"Enrollment levels after four year rise,\" The Breeze, November 5, 2001.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAmber Logsdon, \"With new Home Comes Reflections On Past Performance Spaces,\" The Breeze, April 22, 2010.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"New Firm Takes Over Hatchery,\" Daily News-Record, July 20, 1953.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Gilbert R. Spitzer, Daily News-Record, August 1, 1935.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for C. B. Williamson, Daily News-Record, February 5, 1958.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Harrisonburg Chamber of Commerce. Harrisonburg, Virginia: A General Industrial Survey. Harrisonburg, VA: The Garrison Press, 1926.","Laura Cochran and Lindsay Marti, \"Enrollment levels after four year rise,\" The Breeze, November 5, 2001.","Amber Logsdon, \"With new Home Comes Reflections On Past Performance Spaces,\" The Breeze, April 22, 2010.","\"New Firm Takes Over Hatchery,\" Daily News-Record, July 20, 1953.","Obituary for Gilbert R. Spitzer, Daily News-Record, August 1, 1935.","Obituary for C. B. Williamson, Daily News-Record, February 5, 1958."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMassanutten Hatchery, Inc., variously known as Massanutten Farms Hatchery, was formed in 1923 by C. B. Williamson (1880-1958), former superintendent of the Chesapeake Western Railway, and Gilbert Spitzer (1886-1935). The chicken hatchery was located at 1020 S. Main Street in Harrisonburg. The hatchery also operated a breeding farm in McGaheysville, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith a capacity of more than 200,000 chicks, Massanutten Hatchery was widely recognized as the largest commercial hatchery in the south. They specialized in White Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire Reds, and Barred Rocks. At some point, the hatchery transitioned to include turkeys.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953, Harold W. Clark, a Pennsylvania businessman with experience in poultry husbandry, purchased the hatchery from C. B. Williamson and Bessie Baker, Gilbert Spitzer's widow. Charles W. Wampler (1885-1976) became president of the hatchery in 1956. Massanutten Hatchery, Inc. is last listed in the 1970 Harrisonburg city directory. At that time, Charles W. Wampler was listed as its president, Marion I. Eberly as its vice president, and William D. Wampler as its secretary/treasurer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1970s, James Madison University acquired the hatchery building and renovated it into an experimental theatre space - Wampler Experimental Theatre/Wampler  Building. The building was also known as Theatre II and housed JMU's School of Theatre and Dance administrative and faculty offices and classrooms. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe hatchery building was razed in the summer of 2010. As of 2020, a JMU parking lot (K Lot), a FedEx Office, and JMU Print Services occupy the former approximate location of Massanutten Hatchery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Massanutten Hatchery, Inc., variously known as Massanutten Farms Hatchery, was formed in 1923 by C. B. Williamson (1880-1958), former superintendent of the Chesapeake Western Railway, and Gilbert Spitzer (1886-1935). The chicken hatchery was located at 1020 S. Main Street in Harrisonburg. The hatchery also operated a breeding farm in McGaheysville, Virginia. ","With a capacity of more than 200,000 chicks, Massanutten Hatchery was widely recognized as the largest commercial hatchery in the south. They specialized in White Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire Reds, and Barred Rocks. At some point, the hatchery transitioned to include turkeys.","In 1953, Harold W. Clark, a Pennsylvania businessman with experience in poultry husbandry, purchased the hatchery from C. B. Williamson and Bessie Baker, Gilbert Spitzer's widow. Charles W. Wampler (1885-1976) became president of the hatchery in 1956. Massanutten Hatchery, Inc. is last listed in the 1970 Harrisonburg city directory. At that time, Charles W. Wampler was listed as its president, Marion I. Eberly as its vice president, and William D. Wampler as its secretary/treasurer.","During the 1970s, James Madison University acquired the hatchery building and renovated it into an experimental theatre space - Wampler Experimental Theatre/Wampler  Building. The building was also known as Theatre II and housed JMU's School of Theatre and Dance administrative and faculty offices and classrooms. ","The hatchery building was razed in the summer of 2010. As of 2020, a JMU parking lot (K Lot), a FedEx Office, and JMU Print Services occupy the former approximate location of Massanutten Hatchery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, SC 0300, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, SC 0300, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs exhibited curling when received by Special Collections. The panoramic photograph of Massanutten Hatchery was humidified,  flattened, and housed in a mylar sleeve. The other photographs were flattened under weight for a period of time.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The photographs exhibited curling when received by Special Collections. The panoramic photograph of Massanutten Hatchery was humidified,  flattened, and housed in a mylar sleeve. The other photographs were flattened under weight for a period of time."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAerial photographs of Massanutten Hatchery, Hoyle Garber Collection, Mt. Jackson Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg Historic Map Collection 1873-1982 (bulk 1903-1956), SC 0050, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Aerial photographs of Massanutten Hatchery, Hoyle Garber Collection, Mt. Jackson Museum.","Harrisonburg Historic Map Collection 1873-1982 (bulk 1903-1956), SC 0050, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs document the breeds of chickens (and chicks) available through the hatchery, specifically White Leghorns, Barred Rocks, and  New Hampshire Reds and/or Rhode Island Reds. Over the course of its business, the hatchery had both variety of Reds available. As the photographs are all black-and-white, it is difficult to determine which breed of Red is documented in each particular photograph. The chickens are photographed in their flocks, at the breeding farm in McGaheysville, in the hatchery in Harrisonburg, and in posed photographs usually featuring only one chicken in profile. Interior shots of the hatchery primarily document chickens, but a selection include workers and equipment. Photographs of the hatchery's exterior are included. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the photographs include captions, notations, or specifications for cropping or other edits to be made for publication. Photographers, as identified by stamps on the back of photographs, include Lee Studio (Harrisonburg), Dean-Kaylor Studio (Harrisonburg), and Gitchell's Studio (Harrisonburg).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour catalogs document the hatchery's marketing and sales techniques and include comparable photographs to the originals found in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.","The photographs document the breeds of chickens (and chicks) available through the hatchery, specifically White Leghorns, Barred Rocks, and  New Hampshire Reds and/or Rhode Island Reds. Over the course of its business, the hatchery had both variety of Reds available. As the photographs are all black-and-white, it is difficult to determine which breed of Red is documented in each particular photograph. The chickens are photographed in their flocks, at the breeding farm in McGaheysville, in the hatchery in Harrisonburg, and in posed photographs usually featuring only one chicken in profile. Interior shots of the hatchery primarily document chickens, but a selection include workers and equipment. Photographs of the hatchery's exterior are included. ","Many of the photographs include captions, notations, or specifications for cropping or other edits to be made for publication. Photographers, as identified by stamps on the back of photographs, include Lee Studio (Harrisonburg), Dean-Kaylor Studio (Harrisonburg), and Gitchell's Studio (Harrisonburg).","Four catalogs document the hatchery's marketing and sales techniques and include comparable photographs to the originals found in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32efdf482b9885b1563f79f4f4d65479\"\u003eThe Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included."],"names_coll_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:17:59.176Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_634","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_634.xml","title_ssm":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Massanutten Hatchery Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["1934-1948"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-1948"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0300","/repositories/4/resources/634"],"text":["SC 0300","/repositories/4/resources/634","Massanutten Hatchery Photographs","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Chickens -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Agriculture -- Economic aspects","Photographs","Negatives (photographs)","Sales catalogs","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The photographs were received in no particular order. The photographs of chickens are mostly arranged according to breed and style of photograph. No attempt was made by the archivist to distinguish between photographs of New Hampshire Reds and Rhode Island Reds. All photographs documenting what appears to be a red variety of chicken are grouped together. The collection is further arranged chronologically.","Harrisonburg Chamber of Commerce. Harrisonburg, Virginia: A General Industrial Survey. Harrisonburg, VA: The Garrison Press, 1926.","Laura Cochran and Lindsay Marti, \"Enrollment levels after four year rise,\" The Breeze, November 5, 2001.","Amber Logsdon, \"With new Home Comes Reflections On Past Performance Spaces,\" The Breeze, April 22, 2010.","\"New Firm Takes Over Hatchery,\" Daily News-Record, July 20, 1953.","Obituary for Gilbert R. Spitzer, Daily News-Record, August 1, 1935.","Obituary for C. B. Williamson, Daily News-Record, February 5, 1958.","Massanutten Hatchery, Inc., variously known as Massanutten Farms Hatchery, was formed in 1923 by C. B. Williamson (1880-1958), former superintendent of the Chesapeake Western Railway, and Gilbert Spitzer (1886-1935). The chicken hatchery was located at 1020 S. Main Street in Harrisonburg. The hatchery also operated a breeding farm in McGaheysville, Virginia. ","With a capacity of more than 200,000 chicks, Massanutten Hatchery was widely recognized as the largest commercial hatchery in the south. They specialized in White Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire Reds, and Barred Rocks. At some point, the hatchery transitioned to include turkeys.","In 1953, Harold W. Clark, a Pennsylvania businessman with experience in poultry husbandry, purchased the hatchery from C. B. Williamson and Bessie Baker, Gilbert Spitzer's widow. Charles W. Wampler (1885-1976) became president of the hatchery in 1956. Massanutten Hatchery, Inc. is last listed in the 1970 Harrisonburg city directory. At that time, Charles W. Wampler was listed as its president, Marion I. Eberly as its vice president, and William D. Wampler as its secretary/treasurer.","During the 1970s, James Madison University acquired the hatchery building and renovated it into an experimental theatre space - Wampler Experimental Theatre/Wampler  Building. The building was also known as Theatre II and housed JMU's School of Theatre and Dance administrative and faculty offices and classrooms. ","The hatchery building was razed in the summer of 2010. As of 2020, a JMU parking lot (K Lot), a FedEx Office, and JMU Print Services occupy the former approximate location of Massanutten Hatchery.","The photographs exhibited curling when received by Special Collections. The panoramic photograph of Massanutten Hatchery was humidified,  flattened, and housed in a mylar sleeve. The other photographs were flattened under weight for a period of time.","Aerial photographs of Massanutten Hatchery, Hoyle Garber Collection, Mt. Jackson Museum.","Harrisonburg Historic Map Collection 1873-1982 (bulk 1903-1956), SC 0050, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.","The photographs document the breeds of chickens (and chicks) available through the hatchery, specifically White Leghorns, Barred Rocks, and  New Hampshire Reds and/or Rhode Island Reds. Over the course of its business, the hatchery had both variety of Reds available. As the photographs are all black-and-white, it is difficult to determine which breed of Red is documented in each particular photograph. The chickens are photographed in their flocks, at the breeding farm in McGaheysville, in the hatchery in Harrisonburg, and in posed photographs usually featuring only one chicken in profile. Interior shots of the hatchery primarily document chickens, but a selection include workers and equipment. Photographs of the hatchery's exterior are included. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana in November 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Chickens -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Agriculture -- Economic aspects","Photographs","Negatives (photographs)","Sales catalogs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Chickens -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Hatcheries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Poultry -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs were received in no particular order. The photographs of chickens are mostly arranged according to breed and style of photograph. No attempt was made by the archivist to distinguish between photographs of New Hampshire Reds and Rhode Island Reds. All photographs documenting what appears to be a red variety of chicken are grouped together. The collection is further arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The photographs were received in no particular order. The photographs of chickens are mostly arranged according to breed and style of photograph. No attempt was made by the archivist to distinguish between photographs of New Hampshire Reds and Rhode Island Reds. 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Williamson, Daily News-Record, February 5, 1958.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Harrisonburg Chamber of Commerce. Harrisonburg, Virginia: A General Industrial Survey. Harrisonburg, VA: The Garrison Press, 1926.","Laura Cochran and Lindsay Marti, \"Enrollment levels after four year rise,\" The Breeze, November 5, 2001.","Amber Logsdon, \"With new Home Comes Reflections On Past Performance Spaces,\" The Breeze, April 22, 2010.","\"New Firm Takes Over Hatchery,\" Daily News-Record, July 20, 1953.","Obituary for Gilbert R. Spitzer, Daily News-Record, August 1, 1935.","Obituary for C. B. Williamson, Daily News-Record, February 5, 1958."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMassanutten Hatchery, Inc., variously known as Massanutten Farms Hatchery, was formed in 1923 by C. B. Williamson (1880-1958), former superintendent of the Chesapeake Western Railway, and Gilbert Spitzer (1886-1935). The chicken hatchery was located at 1020 S. Main Street in Harrisonburg. The hatchery also operated a breeding farm in McGaheysville, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith a capacity of more than 200,000 chicks, Massanutten Hatchery was widely recognized as the largest commercial hatchery in the south. They specialized in White Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire Reds, and Barred Rocks. At some point, the hatchery transitioned to include turkeys.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953, Harold W. Clark, a Pennsylvania businessman with experience in poultry husbandry, purchased the hatchery from C. B. Williamson and Bessie Baker, Gilbert Spitzer's widow. Charles W. Wampler (1885-1976) became president of the hatchery in 1956. Massanutten Hatchery, Inc. is last listed in the 1970 Harrisonburg city directory. At that time, Charles W. Wampler was listed as its president, Marion I. Eberly as its vice president, and William D. Wampler as its secretary/treasurer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1970s, James Madison University acquired the hatchery building and renovated it into an experimental theatre space - Wampler Experimental Theatre/Wampler  Building. The building was also known as Theatre II and housed JMU's School of Theatre and Dance administrative and faculty offices and classrooms. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe hatchery building was razed in the summer of 2010. As of 2020, a JMU parking lot (K Lot), a FedEx Office, and JMU Print Services occupy the former approximate location of Massanutten Hatchery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Massanutten Hatchery, Inc., variously known as Massanutten Farms Hatchery, was formed in 1923 by C. B. Williamson (1880-1958), former superintendent of the Chesapeake Western Railway, and Gilbert Spitzer (1886-1935). The chicken hatchery was located at 1020 S. Main Street in Harrisonburg. The hatchery also operated a breeding farm in McGaheysville, Virginia. ","With a capacity of more than 200,000 chicks, Massanutten Hatchery was widely recognized as the largest commercial hatchery in the south. They specialized in White Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, New Hampshire Reds, and Barred Rocks. At some point, the hatchery transitioned to include turkeys.","In 1953, Harold W. Clark, a Pennsylvania businessman with experience in poultry husbandry, purchased the hatchery from C. B. Williamson and Bessie Baker, Gilbert Spitzer's widow. Charles W. Wampler (1885-1976) became president of the hatchery in 1956. Massanutten Hatchery, Inc. is last listed in the 1970 Harrisonburg city directory. At that time, Charles W. Wampler was listed as its president, Marion I. Eberly as its vice president, and William D. Wampler as its secretary/treasurer.","During the 1970s, James Madison University acquired the hatchery building and renovated it into an experimental theatre space - Wampler Experimental Theatre/Wampler  Building. The building was also known as Theatre II and housed JMU's School of Theatre and Dance administrative and faculty offices and classrooms. ","The hatchery building was razed in the summer of 2010. As of 2020, a JMU parking lot (K Lot), a FedEx Office, and JMU Print Services occupy the former approximate location of Massanutten Hatchery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, SC 0300, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, SC 0300, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs exhibited curling when received by Special Collections. The panoramic photograph of Massanutten Hatchery was humidified,  flattened, and housed in a mylar sleeve. The other photographs were flattened under weight for a period of time.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The photographs exhibited curling when received by Special Collections. The panoramic photograph of Massanutten Hatchery was humidified,  flattened, and housed in a mylar sleeve. The other photographs were flattened under weight for a period of time."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAerial photographs of Massanutten Hatchery, Hoyle Garber Collection, Mt. Jackson Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg Historic Map Collection 1873-1982 (bulk 1903-1956), SC 0050, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Aerial photographs of Massanutten Hatchery, Hoyle Garber Collection, Mt. Jackson Museum.","Harrisonburg Historic Map Collection 1873-1982 (bulk 1903-1956), SC 0050, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs document the breeds of chickens (and chicks) available through the hatchery, specifically White Leghorns, Barred Rocks, and  New Hampshire Reds and/or Rhode Island Reds. Over the course of its business, the hatchery had both variety of Reds available. As the photographs are all black-and-white, it is difficult to determine which breed of Red is documented in each particular photograph. The chickens are photographed in their flocks, at the breeding farm in McGaheysville, in the hatchery in Harrisonburg, and in posed photographs usually featuring only one chicken in profile. Interior shots of the hatchery primarily document chickens, but a selection include workers and equipment. Photographs of the hatchery's exterior are included. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the photographs include captions, notations, or specifications for cropping or other edits to be made for publication. Photographers, as identified by stamps on the back of photographs, include Lee Studio (Harrisonburg), Dean-Kaylor Studio (Harrisonburg), and Gitchell's Studio (Harrisonburg).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour catalogs document the hatchery's marketing and sales techniques and include comparable photographs to the originals found in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.","The photographs document the breeds of chickens (and chicks) available through the hatchery, specifically White Leghorns, Barred Rocks, and  New Hampshire Reds and/or Rhode Island Reds. Over the course of its business, the hatchery had both variety of Reds available. As the photographs are all black-and-white, it is difficult to determine which breed of Red is documented in each particular photograph. The chickens are photographed in their flocks, at the breeding farm in McGaheysville, in the hatchery in Harrisonburg, and in posed photographs usually featuring only one chicken in profile. Interior shots of the hatchery primarily document chickens, but a selection include workers and equipment. Photographs of the hatchery's exterior are included. ","Many of the photographs include captions, notations, or specifications for cropping or other edits to be made for publication. Photographers, as identified by stamps on the back of photographs, include Lee Studio (Harrisonburg), Dean-Kaylor Studio (Harrisonburg), and Gitchell's Studio (Harrisonburg).","Four catalogs document the hatchery's marketing and sales techniques and include comparable photographs to the originals found in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32efdf482b9885b1563f79f4f4d65479\"\u003eThe Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Massanutten Hatchery Photographs, 1934-1948, comprise black-and-white photographs of chickens likely used for the hatchery's promotional materials and sales catalogs. Photographs of the Massanutten Hatchery interior and exterior and the hatchery's breeding farm in McGaheysville are also included."],"names_coll_ssim":["Tim Abbott Americana"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Massanutten Hatchery","Tim Abbott Americana","Dean-Kaylor Studio","The Lee Studio (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:17:59.176Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_634"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stephens and Yount Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_423.xml","title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1812-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1812-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"text":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423","Stephens and Yount Family Papers","Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.","The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995","Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891.","Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.","The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.","Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.","The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"geogname_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"creators_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family"],"places_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired in many parts from eBay auctions and directly from the seller, Tim Abbott. Two additions were acquired in 2018 from Black Swan Books and Rolling Hills Antique Mall."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOut of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collections is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1813-1938\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1857-1931, 1991\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1916-1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogical Materials, 1812\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2018 accessions, 1867-1995\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eYount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAugusta County Historical Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e 50 (2014): 155-165.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Yount-Stephens.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Rockingham Register\u003c/emph\u003e, September 25, 1891.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiven the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThree military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(Accession 2018-0315)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe May 16, 1844 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e and a copy of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…\u003c/emph\u003e have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba57889d7ff83f0fcf341190658eb73b\"\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera."],"names_coll_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":87,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:11.086Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_423.xml","title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1812-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1812-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"text":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423","Stephens and Yount Family Papers","Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.","The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995","Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891.","Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.","The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.","Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.","The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"geogname_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"creators_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family"],"places_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired in many parts from eBay auctions and directly from the seller, Tim Abbott. Two additions were acquired in 2018 from Black Swan Books and Rolling Hills Antique Mall."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOut of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collections is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1813-1938\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1857-1931, 1991\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1916-1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogical Materials, 1812\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2018 accessions, 1867-1995\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eYount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAugusta County Historical Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e 50 (2014): 155-165.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Yount-Stephens.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Rockingham Register\u003c/emph\u003e, September 25, 1891.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiven the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThree military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(Accession 2018-0315)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe May 16, 1844 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e and a copy of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…\u003c/emph\u003e have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba57889d7ff83f0fcf341190658eb73b\"\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. 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