{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Max+Rambod\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1945\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Max+Rambod\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1945\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":6,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1830","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African Americans in rural Virginia photographs","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1830#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Max Rambod","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1830#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains twenty black and white photographs, approximately 9 x 7 inches, depicting African American life, presumably in a segregated area in rural Virginia. The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026amp; [ ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1830#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1830","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1830","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1830","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1830","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1830.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/230530","title_filing_ssi":"African Americans in rural Virginia photographs","title_ssm":["African Americans in rural Virginia photographs"],"title_tesim":["African Americans in rural Virginia photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["C. 1940s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["C. 1940s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16923","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1830"],"text":["MSS 16923","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1830","African Americans in rural Virginia photographs","Virginia -- History -- 20th century","African American families","African American children","African Americans -- Virginia","photographs","This collection is open for research.","This collection contains twenty black and white photographs, approximately 9 x 7 inches, depicting African American life, presumably in a segregated area in rural Virginia. The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026 [  ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. ","Genealogy research uncovered a birth certificate for Juline Turner's daughter, Katie Ross, born in 1917. The birth certificate notes that Juline was twenty years old, indicating her birth year to be 1897, and that she was born in Fauquier County, Virginia. ","The pictures depict a Black, rural neighborhood that includes pick-up trucks, overalls and work boots, humble dwellings, and vegetation. One photograph depicts a main street of the town, which includes telephone poles and a few businesses, including a small convenience store with signs of Coca Cola, Pepsi, Camel cigarettes, Model \"sporting tobacco\" (a brand native to Virginia), and other daily necessities. ","Other photographs depict several Black people standing or seated with family members in front of wooden homes. There are photographs of children playing games, including a young boy with a holstered toy revolver on his hip, kids playing stickball, and standing on railroad tracks. The photographs also show men, women, and children performing household chores, including cleaning and hanging up the laundry to dry, making meals for the family, and one photograph shows a father in work clothes, dishing out a meal for himself and his three young children. Another photograph depicts an older man showing his cellar and a cistern. Many of the homes have elevated porches in many of the dwellings along the main street. Two photographs show a white man in a suit who strikes up a conversation with the residents of the town, including a mother on her front porch and a young man along the main street.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16923","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1830"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African Americans in rural Virginia photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["African Americans in rural Virginia photographs"],"collection_ssim":["African Americans in rural Virginia photographs"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- 20th century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase from Max Rambod to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 10 July 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American families","African American children","African Americans -- Virginia","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American families","African American children","African Americans -- Virginia","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"extent_tesim":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16923, African Americans in rural Virginia photographs, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16923, African Americans in rural Virginia photographs, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains twenty black and white photographs, approximately 9 x 7 inches, depicting African American life, presumably in a segregated area in rural Virginia. The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026amp; [  ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenealogy research uncovered a birth certificate for Juline Turner's daughter, Katie Ross, born in 1917. The birth certificate notes that Juline was twenty years old, indicating her birth year to be 1897, and that she was born in Fauquier County, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe pictures depict a Black, rural neighborhood that includes pick-up trucks, overalls and work boots, humble dwellings, and vegetation. One photograph depicts a main street of the town, which includes telephone poles and a few businesses, including a small convenience store with signs of Coca Cola, Pepsi, Camel cigarettes, Model \"sporting tobacco\" (a brand native to Virginia), and other daily necessities. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther photographs depict several Black people standing or seated with family members in front of wooden homes. There are photographs of children playing games, including a young boy with a holstered toy revolver on his hip, kids playing stickball, and standing on railroad tracks. The photographs also show men, women, and children performing household chores, including cleaning and hanging up the laundry to dry, making meals for the family, and one photograph shows a father in work clothes, dishing out a meal for himself and his three young children. Another photograph depicts an older man showing his cellar and a cistern. Many of the homes have elevated porches in many of the dwellings along the main street. Two photographs show a white man in a suit who strikes up a conversation with the residents of the town, including a mother on her front porch and a young man along the main street.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains twenty black and white photographs, approximately 9 x 7 inches, depicting African American life, presumably in a segregated area in rural Virginia. The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026 [  ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. ","Genealogy research uncovered a birth certificate for Juline Turner's daughter, Katie Ross, born in 1917. The birth certificate notes that Juline was twenty years old, indicating her birth year to be 1897, and that she was born in Fauquier County, Virginia. ","The pictures depict a Black, rural neighborhood that includes pick-up trucks, overalls and work boots, humble dwellings, and vegetation. One photograph depicts a main street of the town, which includes telephone poles and a few businesses, including a small convenience store with signs of Coca Cola, Pepsi, Camel cigarettes, Model \"sporting tobacco\" (a brand native to Virginia), and other daily necessities. ","Other photographs depict several Black people standing or seated with family members in front of wooden homes. There are photographs of children playing games, including a young boy with a holstered toy revolver on his hip, kids playing stickball, and standing on railroad tracks. The photographs also show men, women, and children performing household chores, including cleaning and hanging up the laundry to dry, making meals for the family, and one photograph shows a father in work clothes, dishing out a meal for himself and his three young children. Another photograph depicts an older man showing his cellar and a cistern. Many of the homes have elevated porches in many of the dwellings along the main street. 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The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026 [  ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. ","Genealogy research uncovered a birth certificate for Juline Turner's daughter, Katie Ross, born in 1917. The birth certificate notes that Juline was twenty years old, indicating her birth year to be 1897, and that she was born in Fauquier County, Virginia. ","The pictures depict a Black, rural neighborhood that includes pick-up trucks, overalls and work boots, humble dwellings, and vegetation. One photograph depicts a main street of the town, which includes telephone poles and a few businesses, including a small convenience store with signs of Coca Cola, Pepsi, Camel cigarettes, Model \"sporting tobacco\" (a brand native to Virginia), and other daily necessities. ","Other photographs depict several Black people standing or seated with family members in front of wooden homes. There are photographs of children playing games, including a young boy with a holstered toy revolver on his hip, kids playing stickball, and standing on railroad tracks. The photographs also show men, women, and children performing household chores, including cleaning and hanging up the laundry to dry, making meals for the family, and one photograph shows a father in work clothes, dishing out a meal for himself and his three young children. Another photograph depicts an older man showing his cellar and a cistern. Many of the homes have elevated porches in many of the dwellings along the main street. 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The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026amp; [  ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenealogy research uncovered a birth certificate for Juline Turner's daughter, Katie Ross, born in 1917. The birth certificate notes that Juline was twenty years old, indicating her birth year to be 1897, and that she was born in Fauquier County, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe pictures depict a Black, rural neighborhood that includes pick-up trucks, overalls and work boots, humble dwellings, and vegetation. One photograph depicts a main street of the town, which includes telephone poles and a few businesses, including a small convenience store with signs of Coca Cola, Pepsi, Camel cigarettes, Model \"sporting tobacco\" (a brand native to Virginia), and other daily necessities. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther photographs depict several Black people standing or seated with family members in front of wooden homes. There are photographs of children playing games, including a young boy with a holstered toy revolver on his hip, kids playing stickball, and standing on railroad tracks. The photographs also show men, women, and children performing household chores, including cleaning and hanging up the laundry to dry, making meals for the family, and one photograph shows a father in work clothes, dishing out a meal for himself and his three young children. Another photograph depicts an older man showing his cellar and a cistern. Many of the homes have elevated porches in many of the dwellings along the main street. Two photographs show a white man in a suit who strikes up a conversation with the residents of the town, including a mother on her front porch and a young man along the main street.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains twenty black and white photographs, approximately 9 x 7 inches, depicting African American life, presumably in a segregated area in rural Virginia. The pictures have no annotations on the back, and the photographer is unknown. The location is also unclear; however, it may be somewhere near or in Fauquier County, Virginia. This location possibility is based on a photograph that depicts several storefronts, including a beauty salon which has two names painted on the window, Green \u0026 [  ] Beauty Salon. Juline Turner and Helen Blackwell, are presumably the proprietors of the salon. ","Genealogy research uncovered a birth certificate for Juline Turner's daughter, Katie Ross, born in 1917. The birth certificate notes that Juline was twenty years old, indicating her birth year to be 1897, and that she was born in Fauquier County, Virginia. ","The pictures depict a Black, rural neighborhood that includes pick-up trucks, overalls and work boots, humble dwellings, and vegetation. One photograph depicts a main street of the town, which includes telephone poles and a few businesses, including a small convenience store with signs of Coca Cola, Pepsi, Camel cigarettes, Model \"sporting tobacco\" (a brand native to Virginia), and other daily necessities. ","Other photographs depict several Black people standing or seated with family members in front of wooden homes. There are photographs of children playing games, including a young boy with a holstered toy revolver on his hip, kids playing stickball, and standing on railroad tracks. The photographs also show men, women, and children performing household chores, including cleaning and hanging up the laundry to dry, making meals for the family, and one photograph shows a father in work clothes, dishing out a meal for himself and his three young children. Another photograph depicts an older man showing his cellar and a cistern. Many of the homes have elevated porches in many of the dwellings along the main street. 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The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1905#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1905.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/241244","title_filing_ssi":"Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph","title_ssm":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"title_tesim":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.16952","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1905"],"text":["MSS.16952","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1905","Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph","Nurses","Panoramas","Good","This collection has been minimally processed and is open for research.","The Quartermaster School had operated at Camp Lee since October 1941, when it relocated from Schuylkill Arsenal in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it had been housed since 1928 in increasingly overcrowded quarters.  ","The Army Nurse Corps had grown 942 nurses in June 1940 to a peak of more than 57,000 in August 1945. Formal four-week basic training for newly commissioned Army nurses had been authorized only in July 1943, when Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell of Army Service Forces directed instruction in Army organization, military customs, field sanitation, defense against air, chemical, and mechanized attack, personnel administration, and property responsibility. The standard ANC basic-training centers were Fort Meade, Fort Devens, Halloran General Hospital, Camp McCoy, and Brooke General Hospital, though smaller detachments of the program existed, such as that at Camp Lee. ","References ","\"The QM School — Past and Present.\" Quartermaster Foundation. Originally published in The Quartermaster Review, May–June 1946. https://quartermasterfoundation.org/the-qm-school-past-and-present/. ","Sarnecky, Mary T. A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. \"Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps: Chronology.\" Accessed April 27, 2026. https://www.history.army.mil/books/anc-highlights/chrono.htm. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. The Army Nurse Corps. CMH Pub 72-14. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. https://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/72-14/72-14.HTM. ","This collection contains a panoramic photograph depicting the graduating class of Army Nurses Basic Course, No. 2, Third Platoon, photographed at the Quarter Master School, Camp Lee, Virginia, on April 10, 1945. The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.16952","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"collection_title_tesim":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"collection_ssim":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Max Rambod by the Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia on 6 March 2026."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nurses","Panoramas"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nurses","Panoramas"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":["0.0098 Cubic Feet 1 panoramic folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.0098 Cubic Feet 1 panoramic folder"],"dimensions_tesim":["folder measures 27 X 10 inches"],"genreform_ssim":["Panoramas"],"date_range_isim":[1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been minimally processed and is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection has been minimally processed and is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Quartermaster School had operated at Camp Lee since October 1941, when it relocated from Schuylkill Arsenal in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it had been housed since 1928 in increasingly overcrowded quarters.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Army Nurse Corps had grown 942 nurses in June 1940 to a peak of more than 57,000 in August 1945. Formal four-week basic training for newly commissioned Army nurses had been authorized only in July 1943, when Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell of Army Service Forces directed instruction in Army organization, military customs, field sanitation, defense against air, chemical, and mechanized attack, personnel administration, and property responsibility. The standard ANC basic-training centers were Fort Meade, Fort Devens, Halloran General Hospital, Camp McCoy, and Brooke General Hospital, though smaller detachments of the program existed, such as that at Camp Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReferences \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The QM School — Past and Present.\" Quartermaster Foundation. Originally published in The Quartermaster Review, May–June 1946. https://quartermasterfoundation.org/the-qm-school-past-and-present/. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSarnecky, Mary T. A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Army Center of Military History. \"Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps: Chronology.\" Accessed April 27, 2026. https://www.history.army.mil/books/anc-highlights/chrono.htm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Army Center of Military History. The Army Nurse Corps. CMH Pub 72-14. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. https://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/72-14/72-14.HTM. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Quartermaster School had operated at Camp Lee since October 1941, when it relocated from Schuylkill Arsenal in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it had been housed since 1928 in increasingly overcrowded quarters.  ","The Army Nurse Corps had grown 942 nurses in June 1940 to a peak of more than 57,000 in August 1945. Formal four-week basic training for newly commissioned Army nurses had been authorized only in July 1943, when Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell of Army Service Forces directed instruction in Army organization, military customs, field sanitation, defense against air, chemical, and mechanized attack, personnel administration, and property responsibility. The standard ANC basic-training centers were Fort Meade, Fort Devens, Halloran General Hospital, Camp McCoy, and Brooke General Hospital, though smaller detachments of the program existed, such as that at Camp Lee. ","References ","\"The QM School — Past and Present.\" Quartermaster Foundation. Originally published in The Quartermaster Review, May–June 1946. https://quartermasterfoundation.org/the-qm-school-past-and-present/. ","Sarnecky, Mary T. A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. \"Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps: Chronology.\" Accessed April 27, 2026. https://www.history.army.mil/books/anc-highlights/chrono.htm. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. The Army Nurse Corps. CMH Pub 72-14. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. https://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/72-14/72-14.HTM. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16952, Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16952, Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a panoramic photograph depicting the graduating class of Army Nurses Basic Course, No. 2, Third Platoon, photographed at the Quarter Master School, Camp Lee, Virginia, on April 10, 1945. The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a panoramic photograph depicting the graduating class of Army Nurses Basic Course, No. 2, Third Platoon, photographed at the Quarter Master School, Camp Lee, Virginia, on April 10, 1945. The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA."],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:46:53.564Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1905","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1905.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/241244","title_filing_ssi":"Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph","title_ssm":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"title_tesim":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.16952","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1905"],"text":["MSS.16952","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1905","Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph","Nurses","Panoramas","Good","This collection has been minimally processed and is open for research.","The Quartermaster School had operated at Camp Lee since October 1941, when it relocated from Schuylkill Arsenal in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it had been housed since 1928 in increasingly overcrowded quarters.  ","The Army Nurse Corps had grown 942 nurses in June 1940 to a peak of more than 57,000 in August 1945. Formal four-week basic training for newly commissioned Army nurses had been authorized only in July 1943, when Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell of Army Service Forces directed instruction in Army organization, military customs, field sanitation, defense against air, chemical, and mechanized attack, personnel administration, and property responsibility. The standard ANC basic-training centers were Fort Meade, Fort Devens, Halloran General Hospital, Camp McCoy, and Brooke General Hospital, though smaller detachments of the program existed, such as that at Camp Lee. ","References ","\"The QM School — Past and Present.\" Quartermaster Foundation. Originally published in The Quartermaster Review, May–June 1946. https://quartermasterfoundation.org/the-qm-school-past-and-present/. ","Sarnecky, Mary T. A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. \"Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps: Chronology.\" Accessed April 27, 2026. https://www.history.army.mil/books/anc-highlights/chrono.htm. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. The Army Nurse Corps. CMH Pub 72-14. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. https://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/72-14/72-14.HTM. ","This collection contains a panoramic photograph depicting the graduating class of Army Nurses Basic Course, No. 2, Third Platoon, photographed at the Quarter Master School, Camp Lee, Virginia, on April 10, 1945. The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.16952","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"collection_title_tesim":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"collection_ssim":["Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Max Rambod by the Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia on 6 March 2026."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nurses","Panoramas"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nurses","Panoramas"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":["0.0098 Cubic Feet 1 panoramic folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.0098 Cubic Feet 1 panoramic folder"],"dimensions_tesim":["folder measures 27 X 10 inches"],"genreform_ssim":["Panoramas"],"date_range_isim":[1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been minimally processed and is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection has been minimally processed and is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Quartermaster School had operated at Camp Lee since October 1941, when it relocated from Schuylkill Arsenal in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it had been housed since 1928 in increasingly overcrowded quarters.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Army Nurse Corps had grown 942 nurses in June 1940 to a peak of more than 57,000 in August 1945. Formal four-week basic training for newly commissioned Army nurses had been authorized only in July 1943, when Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell of Army Service Forces directed instruction in Army organization, military customs, field sanitation, defense against air, chemical, and mechanized attack, personnel administration, and property responsibility. The standard ANC basic-training centers were Fort Meade, Fort Devens, Halloran General Hospital, Camp McCoy, and Brooke General Hospital, though smaller detachments of the program existed, such as that at Camp Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReferences \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The QM School — Past and Present.\" Quartermaster Foundation. Originally published in The Quartermaster Review, May–June 1946. https://quartermasterfoundation.org/the-qm-school-past-and-present/. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSarnecky, Mary T. A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Army Center of Military History. \"Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps: Chronology.\" Accessed April 27, 2026. https://www.history.army.mil/books/anc-highlights/chrono.htm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Army Center of Military History. The Army Nurse Corps. CMH Pub 72-14. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. https://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/72-14/72-14.HTM. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Quartermaster School had operated at Camp Lee since October 1941, when it relocated from Schuylkill Arsenal in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it had been housed since 1928 in increasingly overcrowded quarters.  ","The Army Nurse Corps had grown 942 nurses in June 1940 to a peak of more than 57,000 in August 1945. Formal four-week basic training for newly commissioned Army nurses had been authorized only in July 1943, when Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell of Army Service Forces directed instruction in Army organization, military customs, field sanitation, defense against air, chemical, and mechanized attack, personnel administration, and property responsibility. The standard ANC basic-training centers were Fort Meade, Fort Devens, Halloran General Hospital, Camp McCoy, and Brooke General Hospital, though smaller detachments of the program existed, such as that at Camp Lee. ","References ","\"The QM School — Past and Present.\" Quartermaster Foundation. Originally published in The Quartermaster Review, May–June 1946. https://quartermasterfoundation.org/the-qm-school-past-and-present/. ","Sarnecky, Mary T. A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. \"Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps: Chronology.\" Accessed April 27, 2026. https://www.history.army.mil/books/anc-highlights/chrono.htm. ","U.S. Army Center of Military History. The Army Nurse Corps. CMH Pub 72-14. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. https://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/72-14/72-14.HTM. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16952, Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16952, Army Nurses, Camp Lee, Virginia photograph, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a panoramic photograph depicting the graduating class of Army Nurses Basic Course, No. 2, Third Platoon, photographed at the Quarter Master School, Camp Lee, Virginia, on April 10, 1945. The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a panoramic photograph depicting the graduating class of Army Nurses Basic Course, No. 2, Third Platoon, photographed at the Quarter Master School, Camp Lee, Virginia, on April 10, 1945. The photograph shows 52 white female students and six male students arranged in three rows, flanked by five male officers. The women wear uniforms with ties, caps, and badges. Captioned text appears at the bottom center of the image, stating \"Army Nurses Basic Course No 2 The QM School Camp Lee, Va., 10 April 1945 Third Platoon.\" The photograph was captured during the final months of World War II. The Quarter Master school had recently relocated from Schuykill, New York, to Camp Lee, Virginia, as part of an expansion of its operations during the war. By April 1945, over 57,000 women were serving in the US Army Nurse Corps. The photograph was taken from DeSouza Studio based in Petersburg, VA."],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:46:53.564Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1905"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1554#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Max Rambod","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1554#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1554#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1554.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/190889","title_filing_ssi":"African American Women in Chicago","title_ssm":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"title_tesim":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1942-1954"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["c. 1942-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16797","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1554"],"text":["MSS 16797","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1554","Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago","Young adults","African Americans","Black-and-white photographs","Lucy Flower Technical High School for Girls (Flower Tech), constructed in 1927, is significant as the only all-girl public school and the only female vocational school in Chicago's history. The school, is located in the residential Garfield Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.  Flower Tech was the only high school in Chicago run by a female superintendent, principal, and all-female faculty that catered to an entirely female student body. By combining home economics with technical training for the female workforce, the curriculum at Flower Tech exposed the paradox of women's high school education in 20th century America by offering gendered coursework for work in the home and the factory. As Chicago's only open-enrollment high school for girls, Flower Tech created an unparalleled education experience for African American, Anglo-American, and immigrant female students to study alongside one another. Flower Tech not only furthered career and college ambitions, but provided many students one of their only racially-integrated experiences in an otherwise segregated city. ","Sources:\nLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls. National Park Service. Accessed 27 June 2023.\nhttps://www.nps.gov/places/lucy-flower-technical-high-school-for-girls.htm","This collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.","The photographs document the youth of a young woman named Bea and several of her friends Nedra, Vera, and others. Included are class photographs from Forestville Elementary School and Lucy Flower Technical High School. Flower Tech was an integrated school for girls. There are photographs of their prom, jazz clubs, and the girls out on dates, celebrating, and having fun. The jazz club featured, is the Club De Lisa, which showcased many well-known performers in the era, such as Count Basie, Sun Ra, and many more, before its closure in 1958. There is a photograph taken at the Thumboogie located near Hyde Park, which featured jazz, bebop, soul, and Rhythm and Blues. It's co-owner was Joe Louis in the 1940's.  Bea's friend, Vera is in a photograph dressed in a burlesque costume \"Backstage at the Howard Theater in January 1953.\"","Some photographs are in partial album pages with captions; others are loose, usually with annotations on the back. Most are black and white silver gelatin prints. ","Also included is a single page with drawings of a woman in a gown on the recto and verso with notes. ","The collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16797","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1554"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"collection_title_tesim":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"collection_ssim":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is open for research use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Max Rambod, Inc. by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 01 March 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Young adults","African Americans","Black-and-white photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Young adults","African Americans","Black-and-white photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.06 Cubic Feet Two letter-sized folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.06 Cubic Feet Two letter-sized folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Black-and-white photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls (Flower Tech), constructed in 1927, is significant as the only all-girl public school and the only female vocational school in Chicago's history. The school, is located in the residential Garfield Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.  Flower Tech was the only high school in Chicago run by a female superintendent, principal, and all-female faculty that catered to an entirely female student body. By combining home economics with technical training for the female workforce, the curriculum at Flower Tech exposed the paradox of women's high school education in 20th century America by offering gendered coursework for work in the home and the factory. As Chicago's only open-enrollment high school for girls, Flower Tech created an unparalleled education experience for African American, Anglo-American, and immigrant female students to study alongside one another. Flower Tech not only furthered career and college ambitions, but provided many students one of their only racially-integrated experiences in an otherwise segregated city. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls. National Park Service. Accessed 27 June 2023.\nhttps://www.nps.gov/places/lucy-flower-technical-high-school-for-girls.htm\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lucy Flower Technical High School for Girls (Flower Tech), constructed in 1927, is significant as the only all-girl public school and the only female vocational school in Chicago's history. The school, is located in the residential Garfield Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.  Flower Tech was the only high school in Chicago run by a female superintendent, principal, and all-female faculty that catered to an entirely female student body. By combining home economics with technical training for the female workforce, the curriculum at Flower Tech exposed the paradox of women's high school education in 20th century America by offering gendered coursework for work in the home and the factory. As Chicago's only open-enrollment high school for girls, Flower Tech created an unparalleled education experience for African American, Anglo-American, and immigrant female students to study alongside one another. Flower Tech not only furthered career and college ambitions, but provided many students one of their only racially-integrated experiences in an otherwise segregated city. ","Sources:\nLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls. National Park Service. Accessed 27 June 2023.\nhttps://www.nps.gov/places/lucy-flower-technical-high-school-for-girls.htm"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16797, African American Women in Chicago, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16797, African American Women in Chicago, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs document the youth of a young woman named Bea and several of her friends Nedra, Vera, and others. Included are class photographs from Forestville Elementary School and Lucy Flower Technical High School. Flower Tech was an integrated school for girls. There are photographs of their prom, jazz clubs, and the girls out on dates, celebrating, and having fun. The jazz club featured, is the Club De Lisa, which showcased many well-known performers in the era, such as Count Basie, Sun Ra, and many more, before its closure in 1958. There is a photograph taken at the Thumboogie located near Hyde Park, which featured jazz, bebop, soul, and Rhythm and Blues. It's co-owner was Joe Louis in the 1940's.  Bea's friend, Vera is in a photograph dressed in a burlesque costume \"Backstage at the Howard Theater in January 1953.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome photographs are in partial album pages with captions; others are loose, usually with annotations on the back. Most are black and white silver gelatin prints. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a single page with drawings of a woman in a gown on the recto and verso with notes. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.","The photographs document the youth of a young woman named Bea and several of her friends Nedra, Vera, and others. Included are class photographs from Forestville Elementary School and Lucy Flower Technical High School. Flower Tech was an integrated school for girls. There are photographs of their prom, jazz clubs, and the girls out on dates, celebrating, and having fun. The jazz club featured, is the Club De Lisa, which showcased many well-known performers in the era, such as Count Basie, Sun Ra, and many more, before its closure in 1958. There is a photograph taken at the Thumboogie located near Hyde Park, which featured jazz, bebop, soul, and Rhythm and Blues. It's co-owner was Joe Louis in the 1940's.  Bea's friend, Vera is in a photograph dressed in a burlesque costume \"Backstage at the Howard Theater in January 1953.\"","Some photographs are in partial album pages with captions; others are loose, usually with annotations on the back. Most are black and white silver gelatin prints. ","Also included is a single page with drawings of a woman in a gown on the recto and verso with notes. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:46:34.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1554","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1554.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/190889","title_filing_ssi":"African American Women in Chicago","title_ssm":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"title_tesim":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1942-1954"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["c. 1942-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16797","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1554"],"text":["MSS 16797","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1554","Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago","Young adults","African Americans","Black-and-white photographs","Lucy Flower Technical High School for Girls (Flower Tech), constructed in 1927, is significant as the only all-girl public school and the only female vocational school in Chicago's history. The school, is located in the residential Garfield Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.  Flower Tech was the only high school in Chicago run by a female superintendent, principal, and all-female faculty that catered to an entirely female student body. By combining home economics with technical training for the female workforce, the curriculum at Flower Tech exposed the paradox of women's high school education in 20th century America by offering gendered coursework for work in the home and the factory. As Chicago's only open-enrollment high school for girls, Flower Tech created an unparalleled education experience for African American, Anglo-American, and immigrant female students to study alongside one another. Flower Tech not only furthered career and college ambitions, but provided many students one of their only racially-integrated experiences in an otherwise segregated city. ","Sources:\nLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls. National Park Service. Accessed 27 June 2023.\nhttps://www.nps.gov/places/lucy-flower-technical-high-school-for-girls.htm","This collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.","The photographs document the youth of a young woman named Bea and several of her friends Nedra, Vera, and others. Included are class photographs from Forestville Elementary School and Lucy Flower Technical High School. Flower Tech was an integrated school for girls. There are photographs of their prom, jazz clubs, and the girls out on dates, celebrating, and having fun. The jazz club featured, is the Club De Lisa, which showcased many well-known performers in the era, such as Count Basie, Sun Ra, and many more, before its closure in 1958. There is a photograph taken at the Thumboogie located near Hyde Park, which featured jazz, bebop, soul, and Rhythm and Blues. It's co-owner was Joe Louis in the 1940's.  Bea's friend, Vera is in a photograph dressed in a burlesque costume \"Backstage at the Howard Theater in January 1953.\"","Some photographs are in partial album pages with captions; others are loose, usually with annotations on the back. Most are black and white silver gelatin prints. ","Also included is a single page with drawings of a woman in a gown on the recto and verso with notes. ","The collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16797","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1554"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"collection_title_tesim":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"collection_ssim":["Collection of photographs of African American Women in Chicago"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is open for research use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Max Rambod, Inc. by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 01 March 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Young adults","African Americans","Black-and-white photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Young adults","African Americans","Black-and-white photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.06 Cubic Feet Two letter-sized folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.06 Cubic Feet Two letter-sized folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Black-and-white photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls (Flower Tech), constructed in 1927, is significant as the only all-girl public school and the only female vocational school in Chicago's history. The school, is located in the residential Garfield Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.  Flower Tech was the only high school in Chicago run by a female superintendent, principal, and all-female faculty that catered to an entirely female student body. By combining home economics with technical training for the female workforce, the curriculum at Flower Tech exposed the paradox of women's high school education in 20th century America by offering gendered coursework for work in the home and the factory. As Chicago's only open-enrollment high school for girls, Flower Tech created an unparalleled education experience for African American, Anglo-American, and immigrant female students to study alongside one another. Flower Tech not only furthered career and college ambitions, but provided many students one of their only racially-integrated experiences in an otherwise segregated city. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls. National Park Service. Accessed 27 June 2023.\nhttps://www.nps.gov/places/lucy-flower-technical-high-school-for-girls.htm\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lucy Flower Technical High School for Girls (Flower Tech), constructed in 1927, is significant as the only all-girl public school and the only female vocational school in Chicago's history. The school, is located in the residential Garfield Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.  Flower Tech was the only high school in Chicago run by a female superintendent, principal, and all-female faculty that catered to an entirely female student body. By combining home economics with technical training for the female workforce, the curriculum at Flower Tech exposed the paradox of women's high school education in 20th century America by offering gendered coursework for work in the home and the factory. As Chicago's only open-enrollment high school for girls, Flower Tech created an unparalleled education experience for African American, Anglo-American, and immigrant female students to study alongside one another. Flower Tech not only furthered career and college ambitions, but provided many students one of their only racially-integrated experiences in an otherwise segregated city. ","Sources:\nLucy Flower Technical High School for Girls. National Park Service. Accessed 27 June 2023.\nhttps://www.nps.gov/places/lucy-flower-technical-high-school-for-girls.htm"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16797, African American Women in Chicago, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16797, African American Women in Chicago, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs document the youth of a young woman named Bea and several of her friends Nedra, Vera, and others. Included are class photographs from Forestville Elementary School and Lucy Flower Technical High School. Flower Tech was an integrated school for girls. There are photographs of their prom, jazz clubs, and the girls out on dates, celebrating, and having fun. The jazz club featured, is the Club De Lisa, which showcased many well-known performers in the era, such as Count Basie, Sun Ra, and many more, before its closure in 1958. There is a photograph taken at the Thumboogie located near Hyde Park, which featured jazz, bebop, soul, and Rhythm and Blues. It's co-owner was Joe Louis in the 1940's.  Bea's friend, Vera is in a photograph dressed in a burlesque costume \"Backstage at the Howard Theater in January 1953.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome photographs are in partial album pages with captions; others are loose, usually with annotations on the back. Most are black and white silver gelatin prints. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a single page with drawings of a woman in a gown on the recto and verso with notes. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains thirty-one photographs of young Black women in Chicago in 1940s-1950s.","The photographs document the youth of a young woman named Bea and several of her friends Nedra, Vera, and others. Included are class photographs from Forestville Elementary School and Lucy Flower Technical High School. Flower Tech was an integrated school for girls. There are photographs of their prom, jazz clubs, and the girls out on dates, celebrating, and having fun. The jazz club featured, is the Club De Lisa, which showcased many well-known performers in the era, such as Count Basie, Sun Ra, and many more, before its closure in 1958. There is a photograph taken at the Thumboogie located near Hyde Park, which featured jazz, bebop, soul, and Rhythm and Blues. It's co-owner was Joe Louis in the 1940's.  Bea's friend, Vera is in a photograph dressed in a burlesque costume \"Backstage at the Howard Theater in January 1953.\"","Some photographs are in partial album pages with captions; others are loose, usually with annotations on the back. Most are black and white silver gelatin prints. ","Also included is a single page with drawings of a woman in a gown on the recto and verso with notes. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:46:34.741Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1554"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1818#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Max Rambod","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1818#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains nine press photographs from Hiroshima and a signed type script from Thomas W. Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. The typescript, dated August 7th, details the dropping of the bomb and its aftermath in Hiroshima.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1818#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1818.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/228447","title_filing_ssi":"Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan","title_ssm":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"title_tesim":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16917","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1818"],"text":["MSS 16917","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1818","Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","Atomic bomb","This collection is open for research.","This collection contains nine press photographs from Hiroshima and a signed type script from Thomas W. Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. The typescript, dated August 7th, details the dropping of the bomb and its aftermath in Hiroshima.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16917","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1818"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"collection_title_tesim":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"collection_ssim":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod","Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod","Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000","Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase from Max Rambod Books to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 8 September 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","Atomic bomb"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","Atomic bomb"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".04 Cubic Feet 1 folder (legal)"],"extent_tesim":[".04 Cubic Feet 1 folder (legal)"],"date_range_isim":[1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16917, Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16917, Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains nine press photographs from Hiroshima and a signed type script from Thomas W. Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. The typescript, dated August 7th, details the dropping of the bomb and its aftermath in Hiroshima.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains nine press photographs from Hiroshima and a signed type script from Thomas W. Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. The typescript, dated August 7th, details the dropping of the bomb and its aftermath in Hiroshima."],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"persname_ssim":["Ferebee, Thomas, 1918-2000"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:40:44.007Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1818","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1818.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/228447","title_filing_ssi":"Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan","title_ssm":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"title_tesim":["Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16917","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1818"],"text":["MSS 16917","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1818","Collection of press photographs of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","Atomic bomb","This collection is open for research.","This collection contains nine press photographs from Hiroshima and a signed type script from Thomas W. Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. 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Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. The typescript, dated August 7th, details the dropping of the bomb and its aftermath in Hiroshima.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains nine press photographs from Hiroshima and a signed type script from Thomas W. Ferebee, a bombardier of the first atomic bomb. Six of the press photos of Hiroshima are aerial views before and after the nuclear bomb, two are on-the-ground shots of buildings and buses destroyed, and one photograph of United States General MacArthur accepting the Japanese surrender in September 1945. Press captions are taped or glued to the back for all but one image. 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Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1739#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1739.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/212833","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, Ernest, photograph album","title_ssm":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"title_tesim":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1942-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16875","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1739"],"text":["MSS 16875","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1739","Ernest Butler photograph album","African American soldiers","World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","The collection is open for research use.","This collection contains the photograph album of Ernest Butler, a United States Army soldier who served in Germany during the Second World War. Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. ","The album documents his time in Germany, his return to the United States, and his post-war life. The album contains over 250 black and white silver gelatin photographs over its thirty pages. The images depict Butler's service in Germany, where he photographed the men he served alongside, as well as the destroyed Nazi weapons and vehicles, German prisoners of war, and sites seen on his journey back home to the United States. Included are images taken in Germany; destroyed enemy equipment; a group of German POWs aboard a truck unceremoniously entitled \"a pack of krauts;\" and a series of images collectively titled \"going home\" depicting Butler's long journey back to the United States, which may have been Cincinati, Ohio.","The photographs most heavily depict the downtime of American soldiers, with subjects commonly posing in their uniforms with each other and civilians. ","The pictures, primarily of African American soldiers, show the United States military's policy of segregation during World War II.  ","\nAlso included are photographs of post-war life, including a large format family portrait, photographs of friends, family, and children, and an image of a man, likely Ernest, holding a captured German K95 Mauser Rifle. ","There are also three Army insignia indicating the United States 1st and 7th Army, and one with four Overseas Bars that indicate two years of military service overseas. ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16875","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1739"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Butler, Ernest"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Butler, Ernest","Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase from Max Rambod Books to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 21 August 2024. The bookseller noted that the consignor relates that the album was acquired from a Cleveland, Ohio estate."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American soldiers","World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American soldiers","World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet One custom made flat box (medium)"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet One custom made flat box (medium)"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16875, Ernest Butler photograph album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16875, Ernest Butler photograph album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the photograph album of Ernest Butler, a United States Army soldier who served in Germany during the Second World War. Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe album documents his time in Germany, his return to the United States, and his post-war life. The album contains over 250 black and white silver gelatin photographs over its thirty pages. The images depict Butler's service in Germany, where he photographed the men he served alongside, as well as the destroyed Nazi weapons and vehicles, German prisoners of war, and sites seen on his journey back home to the United States. Included are images taken in Germany; destroyed enemy equipment; a group of German POWs aboard a truck unceremoniously entitled \"a pack of krauts;\" and a series of images collectively titled \"going home\" depicting Butler's long journey back to the United States, which may have been Cincinati, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs most heavily depict the downtime of American soldiers, with subjects commonly posing in their uniforms with each other and civilians. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe pictures, primarily of African American soldiers, show the United States military's policy of segregation during World War II.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso included are photographs of post-war life, including a large format family portrait, photographs of friends, family, and children, and an image of a man, likely Ernest, holding a captured German K95 Mauser Rifle. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also three Army insignia indicating the United States 1st and 7th Army, and one with four Overseas Bars that indicate two years of military service overseas. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the photograph album of Ernest Butler, a United States Army soldier who served in Germany during the Second World War. Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. ","The album documents his time in Germany, his return to the United States, and his post-war life. The album contains over 250 black and white silver gelatin photographs over its thirty pages. The images depict Butler's service in Germany, where he photographed the men he served alongside, as well as the destroyed Nazi weapons and vehicles, German prisoners of war, and sites seen on his journey back home to the United States. Included are images taken in Germany; destroyed enemy equipment; a group of German POWs aboard a truck unceremoniously entitled \"a pack of krauts;\" and a series of images collectively titled \"going home\" depicting Butler's long journey back to the United States, which may have been Cincinati, Ohio.","The photographs most heavily depict the downtime of American soldiers, with subjects commonly posing in their uniforms with each other and civilians. ","The pictures, primarily of African American soldiers, show the United States military's policy of segregation during World War II.  ","\nAlso included are photographs of post-war life, including a large format family portrait, photographs of friends, family, and children, and an image of a man, likely Ernest, holding a captured German K95 Mauser Rifle. ","There are also three Army insignia indicating the United States 1st and 7th Army, and one with four Overseas Bars that indicate two years of military service overseas. "],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"persname_ssim":["Butler, Ernest"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:55.819Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1739","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1739.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/212833","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, Ernest, photograph album","title_ssm":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"title_tesim":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1942-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16875","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1739"],"text":["MSS 16875","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1739","Ernest Butler photograph album","African American soldiers","World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","The collection is open for research use.","This collection contains the photograph album of Ernest Butler, a United States Army soldier who served in Germany during the Second World War. Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. ","The album documents his time in Germany, his return to the United States, and his post-war life. The album contains over 250 black and white silver gelatin photographs over its thirty pages. The images depict Butler's service in Germany, where he photographed the men he served alongside, as well as the destroyed Nazi weapons and vehicles, German prisoners of war, and sites seen on his journey back home to the United States. Included are images taken in Germany; destroyed enemy equipment; a group of German POWs aboard a truck unceremoniously entitled \"a pack of krauts;\" and a series of images collectively titled \"going home\" depicting Butler's long journey back to the United States, which may have been Cincinati, Ohio.","The photographs most heavily depict the downtime of American soldiers, with subjects commonly posing in their uniforms with each other and civilians. ","The pictures, primarily of African American soldiers, show the United States military's policy of segregation during World War II.  ","\nAlso included are photographs of post-war life, including a large format family portrait, photographs of friends, family, and children, and an image of a man, likely Ernest, holding a captured German K95 Mauser Rifle. ","There are also three Army insignia indicating the United States 1st and 7th Army, and one with four Overseas Bars that indicate two years of military service overseas. ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16875","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1739"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest Butler photograph album"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Butler, Ernest"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Butler, Ernest","Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase from Max Rambod Books to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 21 August 2024. The bookseller noted that the consignor relates that the album was acquired from a Cleveland, Ohio estate."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American soldiers","World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American soldiers","World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet One custom made flat box (medium)"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet One custom made flat box (medium)"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16875, Ernest Butler photograph album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16875, Ernest Butler photograph album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the photograph album of Ernest Butler, a United States Army soldier who served in Germany during the Second World War. Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe album documents his time in Germany, his return to the United States, and his post-war life. The album contains over 250 black and white silver gelatin photographs over its thirty pages. The images depict Butler's service in Germany, where he photographed the men he served alongside, as well as the destroyed Nazi weapons and vehicles, German prisoners of war, and sites seen on his journey back home to the United States. Included are images taken in Germany; destroyed enemy equipment; a group of German POWs aboard a truck unceremoniously entitled \"a pack of krauts;\" and a series of images collectively titled \"going home\" depicting Butler's long journey back to the United States, which may have been Cincinati, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs most heavily depict the downtime of American soldiers, with subjects commonly posing in their uniforms with each other and civilians. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe pictures, primarily of African American soldiers, show the United States military's policy of segregation during World War II.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso included are photographs of post-war life, including a large format family portrait, photographs of friends, family, and children, and an image of a man, likely Ernest, holding a captured German K95 Mauser Rifle. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also three Army insignia indicating the United States 1st and 7th Army, and one with four Overseas Bars that indicate two years of military service overseas. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the photograph album of Ernest Butler, a United States Army soldier who served in Germany during the Second World War. Butler was among the one million African American men and women who served during the war. ","The album documents his time in Germany, his return to the United States, and his post-war life. The album contains over 250 black and white silver gelatin photographs over its thirty pages. The images depict Butler's service in Germany, where he photographed the men he served alongside, as well as the destroyed Nazi weapons and vehicles, German prisoners of war, and sites seen on his journey back home to the United States. Included are images taken in Germany; destroyed enemy equipment; a group of German POWs aboard a truck unceremoniously entitled \"a pack of krauts;\" and a series of images collectively titled \"going home\" depicting Butler's long journey back to the United States, which may have been Cincinati, Ohio.","The photographs most heavily depict the downtime of American soldiers, with subjects commonly posing in their uniforms with each other and civilians. ","The pictures, primarily of African American soldiers, show the United States military's policy of segregation during World War II.  ","\nAlso included are photographs of post-war life, including a large format family portrait, photographs of friends, family, and children, and an image of a man, likely Ernest, holding a captured German K95 Mauser Rifle. ","There are also three Army insignia indicating the United States 1st and 7th Army, and one with four Overseas Bars that indicate two years of military service overseas. "],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","Butler, Ernest"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"persname_ssim":["Butler, Ernest"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:55.819Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1739"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jean Schroeder papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1645#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Max Rambod","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1645#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1645#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1645.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196328","title_filing_ssi":"Schroeder, Jean, papers","title_ssm":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"title_tesim":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1939-1951"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1939-1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1645"],"text":["MSS 16836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1645","Jean Schroeder papers","Interracial marriage","Interracial marriage -- United States","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","African Americans","The collection is open for research use.","Jeanie Schroeder (Married names:Boston, [McCoy], [Shearer??] was born in 1921  to Theophil R. Schroeder (1898-1973) and Goldie Margaret Halliday Schroeder (1893-1959) and graduated from NorthWestern University. She also worked as a personnel manager for the Billy Wright Orchestra (known as a pre-cursor to the famous musician Little Richard-- William Wright (1918-1991) was an African American singer who was openly Gay. He is considered one of Little Richard's greatest influences in his formative years.) Jeanie's boyfriend  and secret husband was a musician named Kenny Leighton. She had many friends who were musicians in Chicago and in the United States Navy Band. When she became pregnant, her mother wanted her to marry someone (not Kenny Leighton) just to obtain what Mrs. Schroeder considered acceptable married status. Mrs. Schroeder wanted to take care of her daughter and Miss Schroeder showed much courage in exploring an interacial marriage with Kenny \"Tiny\" Leighton and raising her son on her own while trying to earn money and attend college. Her grandmother was Mary Halliday (1874-1969) and she had many aunts including, Opal Wycoff, Edith Blackhurst, Elsie Chowning, Clara Falk, and a [great] aunt Eva Viola Halliday Mapletoft. From them she received many letters with advice, most of it to follow the wishes of her parents, but her Aunt Elsie wanted her to follow Jeanie's own dreams and encouraged her writing abilities.Miss Schroeder also had letters from some close girl friends (Doris Reiman Gorman who became a doctor in California) and many boy friends who were very fond of her. She also had a brother, Frank Schroeder, who lived with his parents, was not well and who died in 1943. Her parents felt that they could not leave him alone because he was frequently in pain (possibly from Rheumatoid Arthitis).","Related to the UVA Collection of the History of Parenting, Childhood, and Family Building.","This collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.","It contains 130 handwritten letters, thirty typed letters, and 115 pieces of paper ephemera, including identification cards, handwritten poetry, and illustrations by Blair,  their child, drawn for his mother. ","The archive includes letters from Jeannie's father, Theophile R. Schroeder, a Chicago business owner, demanding to know the baby's father, from Jeannie's mother, Goldie Halliday Schroeder, begging her daughter to hide her condition, from a girlfriend, Doris Reiman Gorman, urging Jeannie to move to Mexico where her \"sociological problems\" won't be an issue, and from a friend (George Nesbitt) of Tiny's family with advice for the courage an interracial marriage would require of her, as well as letters from Jeannie and Keith's son. Blair. He wrote letters to his mother while he attended the Williams Military Academy. An envelope with some of the boy's hair is included. ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1645"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Max Rambod by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 6 September 2023"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Interracial marriage","Interracial marriage -- United States","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","African Americans"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Interracial marriage","Interracial marriage -- United States","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","African Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".6 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".6 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2 document boxes (1 legal, 1 half-legal)"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJeanie Schroeder (Married names:Boston, [McCoy], [Shearer??] was born in 1921  to Theophil R. Schroeder (1898-1973) and Goldie Margaret Halliday Schroeder (1893-1959) and graduated from NorthWestern University. She also worked as a personnel manager for the Billy Wright Orchestra (known as a pre-cursor to the famous musician Little Richard-- William Wright (1918-1991) was an African American singer who was openly Gay. He is considered one of Little Richard's greatest influences in his formative years.) Jeanie's boyfriend  and secret husband was a musician named Kenny Leighton. She had many friends who were musicians in Chicago and in the United States Navy Band. When she became pregnant, her mother wanted her to marry someone (not Kenny Leighton) just to obtain what Mrs. Schroeder considered acceptable married status. Mrs. Schroeder wanted to take care of her daughter and Miss Schroeder showed much courage in exploring an interacial marriage with Kenny \"Tiny\" Leighton and raising her son on her own while trying to earn money and attend college. Her grandmother was Mary Halliday (1874-1969) and she had many aunts including, Opal Wycoff, Edith Blackhurst, Elsie Chowning, Clara Falk, and a [great] aunt Eva Viola Halliday Mapletoft. From them she received many letters with advice, most of it to follow the wishes of her parents, but her Aunt Elsie wanted her to follow Jeanie's own dreams and encouraged her writing abilities.Miss Schroeder also had letters from some close girl friends (Doris Reiman Gorman who became a doctor in California) and many boy friends who were very fond of her. She also had a brother, Frank Schroeder, who lived with his parents, was not well and who died in 1943. Her parents felt that they could not leave him alone because he was frequently in pain (possibly from Rheumatoid Arthitis).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jeanie Schroeder (Married names:Boston, [McCoy], [Shearer??] was born in 1921  to Theophil R. Schroeder (1898-1973) and Goldie Margaret Halliday Schroeder (1893-1959) and graduated from NorthWestern University. She also worked as a personnel manager for the Billy Wright Orchestra (known as a pre-cursor to the famous musician Little Richard-- William Wright (1918-1991) was an African American singer who was openly Gay. He is considered one of Little Richard's greatest influences in his formative years.) Jeanie's boyfriend  and secret husband was a musician named Kenny Leighton. She had many friends who were musicians in Chicago and in the United States Navy Band. When she became pregnant, her mother wanted her to marry someone (not Kenny Leighton) just to obtain what Mrs. Schroeder considered acceptable married status. Mrs. Schroeder wanted to take care of her daughter and Miss Schroeder showed much courage in exploring an interacial marriage with Kenny \"Tiny\" Leighton and raising her son on her own while trying to earn money and attend college. Her grandmother was Mary Halliday (1874-1969) and she had many aunts including, Opal Wycoff, Edith Blackhurst, Elsie Chowning, Clara Falk, and a [great] aunt Eva Viola Halliday Mapletoft. From them she received many letters with advice, most of it to follow the wishes of her parents, but her Aunt Elsie wanted her to follow Jeanie's own dreams and encouraged her writing abilities.Miss Schroeder also had letters from some close girl friends (Doris Reiman Gorman who became a doctor in California) and many boy friends who were very fond of her. She also had a brother, Frank Schroeder, who lived with his parents, was not well and who died in 1943. Her parents felt that they could not leave him alone because he was frequently in pain (possibly from Rheumatoid Arthitis)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16836, Jean Schroeder papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16836, Jean Schroeder papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated to the UVA Collection of the History of Parenting, Childhood, and Family Building.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related to the UVA Collection of the History of Parenting, Childhood, and Family Building."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt contains 130 handwritten letters, thirty typed letters, and 115 pieces of paper ephemera, including identification cards, handwritten poetry, and illustrations by Blair,  their child, drawn for his mother. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archive includes letters from Jeannie's father, Theophile R. Schroeder, a Chicago business owner, demanding to know the baby's father, from Jeannie's mother, Goldie Halliday Schroeder, begging her daughter to hide her condition, from a girlfriend, Doris Reiman Gorman, urging Jeannie to move to Mexico where her \"sociological problems\" won't be an issue, and from a friend (George Nesbitt) of Tiny's family with advice for the courage an interracial marriage would require of her, as well as letters from Jeannie and Keith's son. Blair. He wrote letters to his mother while he attended the Williams Military Academy. An envelope with some of the boy's hair is included. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.","It contains 130 handwritten letters, thirty typed letters, and 115 pieces of paper ephemera, including identification cards, handwritten poetry, and illustrations by Blair,  their child, drawn for his mother. ","The archive includes letters from Jeannie's father, Theophile R. Schroeder, a Chicago business owner, demanding to know the baby's father, from Jeannie's mother, Goldie Halliday Schroeder, begging her daughter to hide her condition, from a girlfriend, Doris Reiman Gorman, urging Jeannie to move to Mexico where her \"sociological problems\" won't be an issue, and from a friend (George Nesbitt) of Tiny's family with advice for the courage an interracial marriage would require of her, as well as letters from Jeannie and Keith's son. Blair. He wrote letters to his mother while he attended the Williams Military Academy. An envelope with some of the boy's hair is included. "],"names_coll_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":20,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:43:32.416Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1645","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1645.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196328","title_filing_ssi":"Schroeder, Jean, papers","title_ssm":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"title_tesim":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1939-1951"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1939-1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1645"],"text":["MSS 16836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1645","Jean Schroeder papers","Interracial marriage","Interracial marriage -- United States","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","African Americans","The collection is open for research use.","Jeanie Schroeder (Married names:Boston, [McCoy], [Shearer??] was born in 1921  to Theophil R. Schroeder (1898-1973) and Goldie Margaret Halliday Schroeder (1893-1959) and graduated from NorthWestern University. She also worked as a personnel manager for the Billy Wright Orchestra (known as a pre-cursor to the famous musician Little Richard-- William Wright (1918-1991) was an African American singer who was openly Gay. He is considered one of Little Richard's greatest influences in his formative years.) Jeanie's boyfriend  and secret husband was a musician named Kenny Leighton. She had many friends who were musicians in Chicago and in the United States Navy Band. When she became pregnant, her mother wanted her to marry someone (not Kenny Leighton) just to obtain what Mrs. Schroeder considered acceptable married status. Mrs. Schroeder wanted to take care of her daughter and Miss Schroeder showed much courage in exploring an interacial marriage with Kenny \"Tiny\" Leighton and raising her son on her own while trying to earn money and attend college. Her grandmother was Mary Halliday (1874-1969) and she had many aunts including, Opal Wycoff, Edith Blackhurst, Elsie Chowning, Clara Falk, and a [great] aunt Eva Viola Halliday Mapletoft. From them she received many letters with advice, most of it to follow the wishes of her parents, but her Aunt Elsie wanted her to follow Jeanie's own dreams and encouraged her writing abilities.Miss Schroeder also had letters from some close girl friends (Doris Reiman Gorman who became a doctor in California) and many boy friends who were very fond of her. She also had a brother, Frank Schroeder, who lived with his parents, was not well and who died in 1943. Her parents felt that they could not leave him alone because he was frequently in pain (possibly from Rheumatoid Arthitis).","Related to the UVA Collection of the History of Parenting, Childhood, and Family Building.","This collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.","It contains 130 handwritten letters, thirty typed letters, and 115 pieces of paper ephemera, including identification cards, handwritten poetry, and illustrations by Blair,  their child, drawn for his mother. ","The archive includes letters from Jeannie's father, Theophile R. Schroeder, a Chicago business owner, demanding to know the baby's father, from Jeannie's mother, Goldie Halliday Schroeder, begging her daughter to hide her condition, from a girlfriend, Doris Reiman Gorman, urging Jeannie to move to Mexico where her \"sociological problems\" won't be an issue, and from a friend (George Nesbitt) of Tiny's family with advice for the courage an interracial marriage would require of her, as well as letters from Jeannie and Keith's son. Blair. He wrote letters to his mother while he attended the Williams Military Academy. An envelope with some of the boy's hair is included. ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Max Rambod","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1645"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jean Schroeder papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Max Rambod"],"creator_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"creators_ssim":["Max Rambod"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Max Rambod by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 6 September 2023"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Interracial marriage","Interracial marriage -- United States","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","African Americans"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Interracial marriage","Interracial marriage -- United States","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","African Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".6 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".6 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2 document boxes (1 legal, 1 half-legal)"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJeanie Schroeder (Married names:Boston, [McCoy], [Shearer??] was born in 1921  to Theophil R. Schroeder (1898-1973) and Goldie Margaret Halliday Schroeder (1893-1959) and graduated from NorthWestern University. She also worked as a personnel manager for the Billy Wright Orchestra (known as a pre-cursor to the famous musician Little Richard-- William Wright (1918-1991) was an African American singer who was openly Gay. He is considered one of Little Richard's greatest influences in his formative years.) Jeanie's boyfriend  and secret husband was a musician named Kenny Leighton. She had many friends who were musicians in Chicago and in the United States Navy Band. When she became pregnant, her mother wanted her to marry someone (not Kenny Leighton) just to obtain what Mrs. Schroeder considered acceptable married status. Mrs. Schroeder wanted to take care of her daughter and Miss Schroeder showed much courage in exploring an interacial marriage with Kenny \"Tiny\" Leighton and raising her son on her own while trying to earn money and attend college. Her grandmother was Mary Halliday (1874-1969) and she had many aunts including, Opal Wycoff, Edith Blackhurst, Elsie Chowning, Clara Falk, and a [great] aunt Eva Viola Halliday Mapletoft. From them she received many letters with advice, most of it to follow the wishes of her parents, but her Aunt Elsie wanted her to follow Jeanie's own dreams and encouraged her writing abilities.Miss Schroeder also had letters from some close girl friends (Doris Reiman Gorman who became a doctor in California) and many boy friends who were very fond of her. She also had a brother, Frank Schroeder, who lived with his parents, was not well and who died in 1943. Her parents felt that they could not leave him alone because he was frequently in pain (possibly from Rheumatoid Arthitis).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jeanie Schroeder (Married names:Boston, [McCoy], [Shearer??] was born in 1921  to Theophil R. Schroeder (1898-1973) and Goldie Margaret Halliday Schroeder (1893-1959) and graduated from NorthWestern University. She also worked as a personnel manager for the Billy Wright Orchestra (known as a pre-cursor to the famous musician Little Richard-- William Wright (1918-1991) was an African American singer who was openly Gay. He is considered one of Little Richard's greatest influences in his formative years.) Jeanie's boyfriend  and secret husband was a musician named Kenny Leighton. She had many friends who were musicians in Chicago and in the United States Navy Band. When she became pregnant, her mother wanted her to marry someone (not Kenny Leighton) just to obtain what Mrs. Schroeder considered acceptable married status. Mrs. Schroeder wanted to take care of her daughter and Miss Schroeder showed much courage in exploring an interacial marriage with Kenny \"Tiny\" Leighton and raising her son on her own while trying to earn money and attend college. Her grandmother was Mary Halliday (1874-1969) and she had many aunts including, Opal Wycoff, Edith Blackhurst, Elsie Chowning, Clara Falk, and a [great] aunt Eva Viola Halliday Mapletoft. From them she received many letters with advice, most of it to follow the wishes of her parents, but her Aunt Elsie wanted her to follow Jeanie's own dreams and encouraged her writing abilities.Miss Schroeder also had letters from some close girl friends (Doris Reiman Gorman who became a doctor in California) and many boy friends who were very fond of her. She also had a brother, Frank Schroeder, who lived with his parents, was not well and who died in 1943. Her parents felt that they could not leave him alone because he was frequently in pain (possibly from Rheumatoid Arthitis)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16836, Jean Schroeder papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16836, Jean Schroeder papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated to the UVA Collection of the History of Parenting, Childhood, and Family Building.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related to the UVA Collection of the History of Parenting, Childhood, and Family Building."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt contains 130 handwritten letters, thirty typed letters, and 115 pieces of paper ephemera, including identification cards, handwritten poetry, and illustrations by Blair,  their child, drawn for his mother. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archive includes letters from Jeannie's father, Theophile R. Schroeder, a Chicago business owner, demanding to know the baby's father, from Jeannie's mother, Goldie Halliday Schroeder, begging her daughter to hide her condition, from a girlfriend, Doris Reiman Gorman, urging Jeannie to move to Mexico where her \"sociological problems\" won't be an issue, and from a friend (George Nesbitt) of Tiny's family with advice for the courage an interracial marriage would require of her, as well as letters from Jeannie and Keith's son. Blair. He wrote letters to his mother while he attended the Williams Military Academy. An envelope with some of the boy's hair is included. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters and paper ephemera written to Jeanie Schroeder, a young, white woman who fell in love, got pregnant during her pre-med studies at Northwestern University, and secretly married a young Black musician identified as Keith \"Tiny\" Leighton in the letters. The bulk of the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1950s. The content centers Jeanie Schroeder's courage in facing the difficulties of being seen as an unwed mother in the 1940's; young men going off to World War II, and women obtaining new careers and exploring the work place that was previously unavailable to them.","It contains 130 handwritten letters, thirty typed letters, and 115 pieces of paper ephemera, including identification cards, handwritten poetry, and illustrations by Blair,  their child, drawn for his mother. ","The archive includes letters from Jeannie's father, Theophile R. Schroeder, a Chicago business owner, demanding to know the baby's father, from Jeannie's mother, Goldie Halliday Schroeder, begging her daughter to hide her condition, from a girlfriend, Doris Reiman Gorman, urging Jeannie to move to Mexico where her \"sociological problems\" won't be an issue, and from a friend (George Nesbitt) of Tiny's family with advice for the courage an interracial marriage would require of her, as well as letters from Jeannie and Keith's son. Blair. He wrote letters to his mother while he attended the Williams Military Academy. An envelope with some of the boy's hair is included. 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