{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Henrico+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Henrico+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Henrico+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":17,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi05161","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05161#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05161#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05161#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05161","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05161","_root_":"vi_vi05161","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05161.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1140176\n"],"text":["1140176\n","Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871","African Americans--History.","Apprentices--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indentures--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.",".35 cu.ft.","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county. \n","In 1780 the Virginia General Assembly replaced the Anglican vestries and churchwardens of the colonial period with elected bodies called Overseers of the Poor. The Overseers provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for the persons who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them or who failed to educate or instruct them, as well as orphans to become apprentices. The boys learned a trade and the girls learned domestic skills.","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.","Additional Henrico County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.","Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1140176\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) 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Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Henrico County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History.","Apprentices--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indentures--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History.","Apprentices--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indentures--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu.ft."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1780 the Virginia General Assembly replaced the Anglican vestries and churchwardens of the colonial period with elected bodies called Overseers of the Poor. The Overseers provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for the persons who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them or who failed to educate or instruct them, as well as orphans to become apprentices. The boys learned a trade and the girls learned domestic skills.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county. \n","In 1780 the Virginia General Assembly replaced the Anglican vestries and churchwardens of the colonial period with elected bodies called Overseers of the Poor. The Overseers provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for the persons who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them or who failed to educate or instruct them, as well as orphans to become apprentices. The boys learned a trade and the girls learned domestic skills.","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:05:09.684Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05161","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05161","_root_":"vi_vi05161","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05161.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1140176\n"],"text":["1140176\n","Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871","African Americans--History.","Apprentices--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indentures--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.",".35 cu.ft.","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county. \n","In 1780 the Virginia General Assembly replaced the Anglican vestries and churchwardens of the colonial period with elected bodies called Overseers of the Poor. The Overseers provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for the persons who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them or who failed to educate or instruct them, as well as orphans to become apprentices. The boys learned a trade and the girls learned domestic skills.","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.","Additional Henrico County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.","Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1140176\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures\n1795-1871"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Henrico County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History.","Apprentices--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indentures--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History.","Apprentices--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indentures--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu.ft."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1780 the Virginia General Assembly replaced the Anglican vestries and churchwardens of the colonial period with elected bodies called Overseers of the Poor. The Overseers provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for the persons who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them or who failed to educate or instruct them, as well as orphans to become apprentices. The boys learned a trade and the girls learned domestic skills.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county. \n","In 1780 the Virginia General Assembly replaced the Anglican vestries and churchwardens of the colonial period with elected bodies called Overseers of the Poor. The Overseers provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for the persons who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them or who failed to educate or instruct them, as well as orphans to become apprentices. The boys learned a trade and the girls learned domestic skills.","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1795-1871, are bonds and contracts of apprenticeship given by the Overseers of the Poor, showing the names of master and apprentice, the trade to be taught, details of the contract, the amount of the bond and the names of sureties. Many of the apprentices bound out prior to 1866 were free African Americans.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:05:09.684Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05161"}},{"id":"vi_vi03233","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03233#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03233#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03233#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03233","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03233","_root_":"vi_vi03233","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03233","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03233.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Barcode number 1108149/ Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213\n"],"text":["Barcode number 1108149/ Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213\n","Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874","County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Plats (land) -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Township records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","1 v. and 1 microfilm reel","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\n","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery.\n","Use microfilm copy, Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia/ Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Brookland (Henrico County, VA)","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["Barcode number 1108149/ Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Henrico County.  The microfilm was generated by OCLC through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Plats (land) -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Township records -- Virginia -- Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Plats (land) -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Township records -- Virginia -- Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 v. and 1 microfilm reel"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\n","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-0875. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-0875. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copy, Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copy, Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia/ Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia/ Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Brookland (Henrico County, VA)"],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Brookland (Henrico County, VA)"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:16:35.190Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03233","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03233","_root_":"vi_vi03233","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03233","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03233.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Barcode number 1108149/ Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213\n"],"text":["Barcode number 1108149/ Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213\n","Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874","County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Plats (land) -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Township records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","1 v. and 1 microfilm reel","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\n","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery.\n","Use microfilm copy, Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia/ Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Brookland (Henrico County, VA)","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["Barcode number 1108149/ Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, \n1871-1874"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Henrico County.  The microfilm was generated by OCLC through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Plats (land) -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Township records -- Virginia -- Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Plats (land) -- Virginia -- Henrico County.","Township records -- Virginia -- Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 v. and 1 microfilm reel"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\n","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-0875. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-0875. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Brookland Township Minutes, 1870-1875, consists of minutes and accounts relating to township activities and duties. Information recorded includes duties of township officers, division of the township into road districts, establishment of levies and levy rates, discussion of acquiring property for a town hall, appointment of road overseers and surveyors, levies for school support, levies for the support of township officers and duties including road upkeep, reports of road overseers, account settlements of the collector, account settlements of the treasurer, a copy of the 1871 deed and plat for property purchased from Frances Bruns for a town hall along the Brook Turnpike (p. 16-20), discussion of allowing the school board to temporarily use the township hall for a free white school, setting of elections for road overseers, reviews of bids from road and bridge contractors, and accounts allowed against the township for such services as inquests, burial of strangers and paupers, other services provided the township's paupers, construction of the township hall, road accounts, and stationery.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copy, Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copy, Henrico County (Va.) Reel 213.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia/ Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia/ Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Brookland (Henrico County, VA)"],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Brookland (Henrico County, VA)"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:16:35.190Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03233"}},{"id":"vi_vi02575","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02575#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02575#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02575#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02575","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02575","_root_":"vi_vi02575","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02575","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02575.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"text":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965","184.4 cu. ft. (387 boxes)","Chancery Causes 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting.","Chancery Causes 1890-1912 are indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availabilty.","Additional Chancery Causes from 1913-1965 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availabililty.","Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","Arrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\n","Context of Record type:  Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county.\n","Lost Locality Notes:  All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post-Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865 in the Civil War. The county's circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n","Chancery causes for the years 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting. The index remains available for research purposes.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1912, were initially processed by Library of Virginia staff in 2009.","Chancery Causes, 1770-1889, were processed again by Library of Virginia staff to bring the collection up to the new standards which include capturing additional information, such as causes of action and thematic topics, in 2023-2025.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed, but not scanned. At this time, there are no plans to digitize these records.","Additional post-1912 records are unprocessed. At this time, there are no plans to process these records.","Encoded by. S. Bagely: 2009; updated by J. Taylor: February 2023; updated by M. Long: December 2025.","Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.","See also:   \"A Guide to the Henrico County (Va.) Business Records, 1803-1898.\"  a list of business records which may include exhibits in chancery suits.","Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","There is a substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals. Specifically, there are many cases concerning estate disputes over enslaved individuals.","Many of the cases from the 1780s-1790s are related to William Byrd III's lottery of his property in the late 1760s.","Cases beginning in the 1850s consist of a higher than average number of estate suits involving free Black and Multiracial individuals and families.","The defendant in this debt suit is Carter Braxton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.","Debt suit. Joseph B. Abrahams attacked a free Black man, Peter Haley. Abrahams argued that this attack was justified because Haley had insulted Abrahams' wife, and \"such a state of insubordination in a man of his colour would well justify the deed.\" Haley took Abrahams to court for this attack and won a judgment against Abrahams. Abrahams claimed that Haley only won the case because he had tricked Abrahams into not appearing in court, and that therefore he shouldn't have to pay Haley the settlement.","Contract suit. The case centered around a group of French-American trading vessels, particularly the vessel La Ville de Bordeaux, which were caught up in the war between France and Great Britain in the 1790s. Ownership was split between John Lynch, an American citizen, and John Bernard, a French citizen, and the issue was further complicated when two unrelated Americans were given control of the ship during the war. This was intended to be a temporay trust to prevent the ship from having to fly French colors and potentially becoming a military target, but the trustees violated their agreement by selling the ship in India without permission.","Contract suit centered around an enslaved man named James Harris. John Alcock claimed that Alexander Walker, one of the defendants, had sold him Harris by promising that Harris was a skilled painter who wanted to be closer to his mother, who was enslaved in Richmond. Alcock argued that Walker failed to disclose that Harris had a drinking problem and that Alcock had been forced to try to sell him again in \"the southern states.\"","Estate suit. Centers around the estate of George Wythe and the property originally entailed to his great-nephew George Sweeney, who was tried for Wythe's murder in a famous 1806 Richmond court case. Includes as evidence a copy of Wythes's will and the codicil in which he disinherited Sweeney after being poisoned. The will outlines the support that was supposed to be given to Lydia Broadnax, a free Black woman who lived with Wythe and who was barred from testifying about his murder, and Michael Brown, a free Black boy who also lived with Wythe and was murdered alongside him. This included a personal request for Thomas Jefferson to act as Brown's patron.","Estate suit involving the estate of antislavery activist Robert Pleasants. Includes as evidence a copy of Pleasants' will, which includes several sections regarding people who had been previously manumitted by him or by the Pleasants vs Pleasants court case. These sections outline their future support, rights to remain, and lives on the settlement at Gravelly Hills. The will also outlines his plans for a school for Black children at Gravelly Hills to be established and funded from his estate.","Freedom suit. Nanny and her son Moses were suing for their freedom on the grounds that Nanny's mother, Sally Lawson, was the descendent of a Cherokee woman named Sukey. See also: Sally ~ et al. vs Joseph Perkins, Charlottesville District Court 1808 (filed with Albemarle Co. Judgments)","Freedom suit. Daphne Lawson, an enslaved woman, petitioned the court for her freedom under the argument that she had been illegally purchased by Robert McCracken despite having already been legally guaranteed emancipation.","Estate suit requesting the sale two enslaved people for being \"difficult to manage and in the habit of frequently running away.\" One of the enslaved individuals, George, was able to succesfully present himself as a free man and was hired as a cook on board a schooner bound for New York.","Contract suit requesting permission to sell an enslaved teenage boy, Hiram, after he attempted to escape Virginia on board a vessel bound for a northern state. The plaintiff references an unnamed individual in the community who Hiram had a close relationship with. She believed that this person had helped convince him to make the escape attempt and would continue to help Hiram run away if he remained in her custody.","Estate suit centered around Jefferson, an enslaved man who was described as being \"addicted to running away.\" The suit describes mulltiple attempts by Jefferson, or Jeff, to escape enslavement while he was hired out to various individuals or businesses. The suit also describes his various arrests and time spent in jail.","Estate suit centered around the will of Moses Brooks. Brooks was the enslaver of three of his grandchildren: Samson Brooks, Lucy Ann Brooks, and Peter Willis. His plan was that his estate hire out all three of the children for an extended period of time after his death, and that the money from their labor should go to support his white wife and children. After their respective work periods were completed, they were supposed to be sent to a \"free state\". Peter Willis's work was also supposed to support his mother Mary Ann Brooks, but there is no other information given about her legal status and how she related to the rest of the family. ","Freedom suit involving an enslaved man, Richard Meredith, who had been sold by his enslaver to his wife, a free Black woman named Caty Mundowney, under the condition that she \"should set him free and never sell him or give him to another.\" Richard claimed that Caty had never formally emancipated him while she was alive, even though she had been contractually obligated to by the bill of sale. Also includes documentation of an unsuccesful freedom suit for an enslaved woman named Mary Ann Brooks.","Estate suit that includes a high number of notable records types, including: the free papers of a woman named Catharine Fitzamore, daughter of Sally Fitzamore of Fluvanna County; a genealogical chart that not only tracks the testator's descendents but also if/when they migrated out of Virginia; and a collection of broadsides from the Grand Divisions of the Sons of Temperance of Virginia. Also touches on the inheritance rights of illegitimate children.","Estate suit discussing the care of T. J. Brumfield's children after the deaths of both of their parents. Lucy Brumfield, a five year old girl, was placed into the Orphan Asylum despite having living relatives. The curator attempted to place her eight year old brother Joseph in the Orphan Asylum as well, but they rejected him and his grandmother Mary H. Brumfield was unwillingly obliged to temporarily take him in. ","Estate suit that largely focuses on the plaintiffs' inheritance of Mahala, an enslaved woman. Mahala suffered from what the records referred to as a \"violent case of epilepsy.\" The suit includes several records documenting her illness and medical care, including her visits to a medical college for treatment.","Contract suit most notable for the 1851 will of John Sheppard included as an exhibit. John Sheppard was a landowner and magistrate who lived and raised a family with Sally Randolph, a free Black woman, for many years. In his will, he stipulated that Sally should immediately be given $1000 after his death \"to enable her to remove herself and children to such place as she may desire.\" He then stated that the whole rest of his estate should be sold and the proceeds divided between Sally and their eight children. John also took extra steps to protect the property rights of their daughters, stipulating that \"the shares severally divided herein before to my natural daughters shall be held by them upon their marriage to their sole separate use, as though each were a feme sole free from the control, contracted debts or liabilities of their respective hubands.\"","Contract suit that centers around a piece of property that was intended to be conveyed by the plaintiffs to the defendants. This property was located along the road leading from Charles City County to Richmond City, and over the course of the Civil War the property in question and all of the building thereon were destroyed and used for timber by both the Confederate and Union armies.","Estate initiated by a free Black family prior to the beginning of the Civil War, which was reopened following the war's conclusion. During the course of the suit, the white commissioner was accused of selling the decedent's property and keeping the proceeds for his own use rather than giving it to the family.","Divorce suit in which the plaintiff Jacob Freyfogel accused his wife Mary of being unfaithful to him. John presented as evidence a child who was born more than a year after Jacob had been imprisoned for murder and who Jacob claimed was multiracial. Several deponents also provided accounts of how one of Mary's alleged partners, a man named Jacob Ford, was attacked next door to Mary's house and died inside of her home. ","Suit centers around a debate as to has the rights to govern St. John's German Lutheran Church according to the church's constitution. Includes descriptions of efforts taken by all parties to undermine one another, including one group who broke into the church and changed all of the locks to prevent the other group from entering. ","Contract suit in which Daniel Jennings accused his former guardian, Andrew S. Padgett, of manipulating him into signing away his inherited property while Jennings was serving in the Confederate Army.","Contract suit surrounding a deed made between a free Black man, Thomas Charles, and George W. Barker while Virginia was part of the Confederacy. Thomas Charles was convicted of larceny and sentenced to be sold into enslavement. George W. Barker agreed to purchase and free him, with Thomas Charles using his own personal property as collatoral for the purchase money. After his death, George W. Barker claimed that the property had been signed over to him outright and that the money paid by Thomas Charles's widow Mahala Fults for the debt was actually rent.","Divorce suit. Included in the suit is an 1866 indictment against the wife, Isabella Alley, \"for lewd and lascivious cohabitation with a negro man.\"","Debt suit. Defendant Henry R. Cronie claimed that he had a difficult time paying the debt in question because he had been driven from the county during the Civil War under the threat of \"mob violence\" after being accused of being an abolitionist.","Estate suit. George Roane, who had been enslaved prior to the end of the war, had been willed a yearly legacy from the estate of his former master, William A. Christian. Christian's administrator had recently begun to refuse to pay Roane the allotted sum. The administrator argued that because Christian had willed Roane the annual sum but didn't free him, the funds were intended to be compensation for his services during his enslavement. The estate was therefore no longer liable, given that Roane was no longer enslaved following the Civil War.","Contract suit. Concerns Israel Brown, a formerly enslaved man who was sentenced to deportation for attacking a white man and was pardoned following the Civil War. Includes a copy of record for Brown's sentence and later pardon from the Richmond Hustings Court.","Estate suit. The decedent, James Price, was a captain in the Continental Line during the American Revolution. A portion of the records in this suit pertain to the property he gained from his Virginia Military Land Warrant for his service.","Divorce suit. Plaintiff Magdelena Frank accused her husband William of physical abuse that escalated to the point of almost killing one of their grandchildren. Magdelena owned a grocery and bar room where her husband worked and was often seen drinking, until she obtained a peace warrant that prevented him from entering her property. William justified his actions towards his wife by saying that \"he would be a good man if Mrs. Frank would stay at home and let him attend to the outside business.\" Both sides accused the other of infidelity with various acquaintences and neighbors. ","Divorce suit in which complainant files first bill in 1871, charging husband’s excessive and frequent abuse of her and her infant child. Asks the court for a divorce and to compel him to sell his property and provide compensation before he squandered it all. Second bill in 1871 alleges that husband agreed to live separately and had agreed to sell property and provide for wife and child if she would drop the suit. Child became sick and died, and she alleges husband paid for no care nor burial expenses, and she feared he would use proceeds of property sale to return to Europe from “whence he came.” He ostensibly did so, and paid her nothing. ","Estate suit. Commissioners’ reports and depositions reference enslaved people, including dates of purchase and amounts paid for named enslaved people. One 1863 report notes that: “The slaves are family servants and, though most of them are women and children, they produce to the estate annually more income, in proportion to their value than the real estate which has been sold or that is unsold—Indeed the real estate that remains unsold, being unimproved, produces no income whatever. Mrs. Hutcheson the widow, with her family of little children, is keeping house and needs dome of the servants to wait on her and them. If the slaves were sold to pay debts, other servants would have to be hired to wait on the family.” 1859 deposition includes ages and other details of individual enslaved people, such as “Phoebe’s value is impaired by a gun shot wound in the lower jaw.”\n","Estate dispute referencing specific bequest to “Chickahominy Tribe No. 34, Improved Order of Red Men.”\n","Estate dispute regarding executor failing to deposit funds from proceeds of sales of enslaved people in the 1860s, as well as dispute over legal title to said enslaved people prior to their having been sold. Early deposition notes: “Henry is now in jail…it would be unsafe to release him before a sale as he might escape to a free state.” Prior suits from City of Richmond and Charles City County are included as exhibits. 1876 statement by Richmond City clerk references loss of papers from 1857 suite of Mary Jordan vs. Jordan etc. due to April 1865 fire, but there are some references to this case in these extant records.\n"," Estate dispute involving mismanagement of funds. Confederate currency was problematic and mismanagement was described as “the result and creature of excited pride and passions of the war then raging at its highest.\"\n","Divorce case in which wife seeks divorce on grounds of her husband’s efforts to defraud her of property. Husband abandoned her when she would not sign over her homestead deed. \n","Estate dispute which included land and several named enslaved people in Marengo County, Alabama dating from 1848.\n","Debt case in which defendant is the John T. Ford of what became the famous Ford’s Theater where Abraham Lincoln was shot. Here, Ford was in Richmond in 1849 and was indebted to the boot and shoe firm of Hubbard, Gardner, and Carlton for hundreds of dollars’ worth of shoes. He later left town and ostensibly neglected his debt, returning briefly in 1852 at which time suit was filed against him, with judgment for the plaintiffs. Exhibit attached to deposition of W.P. Shields for the plaintiffs were transcriptions of advertisements that were to have run in the Daily Richmond Whig in March 1852 regarding Kunkel’s Nightingale Ethiopian Opera Troupe of which Ford was business manager. Records of the judgments against Ford were destroyed during the Civil War and the burning of Richmond. The most recent decree in the cause (1878) indicated that Ford planned to appeal, so it was ordered that the decree be suspended for 60 days, with $100 bond. No further action evident in cause.\n","Estate dispute in which plat references difficulty of obtaining accurate lines due to effects of Civil War battles.\n","Husband sought divorce in 1867 alleging adultery and in 1879 a second bill sought annulment on grounds of wife’s alleged bigamy. He refers to his wife as a “woman of color” and says that they “occupied relation of man and wife.” Union was recognized legally by Feb. 27, 1866. Depositions of defendant’s sister and brother in law reference the evacuation of Richmond in 1866. \n","Debt case in which one deponent named Nelson Turner is described as “colored” and who was a carpenter who worked on the complainant’s house/construction: “I served my apprenticeship with Caleb Turner of Mecklenburg.  Am now sixty two years old and have been working at the carpenter’s business ever since I was large enough to turn a grind-stone.”\n","Debt case in which plaintiff also references judgment: City of Richmond Freedmans Court vs. Exr. William Stewart, etc. Affidavit references Thomas Stewart and William Stewart as brothers. Property on Mechanicsville Turnpike.\n","Divorce case in which husband alleges abandonment. Married in Germany in 1866 as per marriage certificate. Couple had two (or three) children in Henrico County. Wife returned to Germany and remained there with two children. Wife wrote several detailed letters in English to husband and to her in-laws regarding life in Germany and family information. Husband alleges a third child was abandoned and died; letters do not reference that.\n \n","Divorce case which references wife’s alleged adultery and sex work with nearby Federal troops in 1865, and her subsequent abandonment in 1866 when troops left.\n","Dispute in which plaintiff seeks injunction to prevent City of Richmond from purchasing property known as the Hanes Farm for establishing a smallpox hospital separate from the general hospital in Richmond. Plat is detailed and includes lunatic asylum location.\n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s will includes named enslaved people and land/property in Virginia and Alabama. \n  \n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s post-Civil War will includes financial bequests to “faithful servants” and gives much detail regarding personal jewelry made from various family member/ancestors’ hair, as well as specific personal property and its history with family members/ancestors.\n","Dispute over the use of an unregistered tobacco trademark. Complainants sell “To-To” tobacco; defendants have been selling “Ta-Ta” tobacco, both seals of which are quite similar. Exhibits include a packet of Ta-Ta tobacco.\n  \n","Defendant is alleged to have married a white woman out of state, he being a \"colored man.\" Both were non-residents of Virginia. Regarding a debt from a judgment from U.S. Supreme Court.\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes the 1850 will of Curtis Carter in which he names certain enslaved people and specifies that the named father of two named enslaved boys should be permitted to purchase them within two years at a certain price. \n  \n","Debt suit in which wife sold her inherited property to help pay husband’s debts, and alleges that husband did not uphold his contractual agreements to pay his debts nor to protect interests of his wife and family. Over 40 named enslaved persons, and some family relationships, are referenced in pre-1865 deed exhibits.\n  \n","Debt case in which the editor/proprietor of The Southern Planter and Farmer allegedly owed a $1,100.00 debt to said bank in 1880, allegedly “absconding” from the state, abandoning the newspaper offices and its contents, thus discontinuing the newspaper.  \n","Divorce suit in which complainant’s husband was complainant’s father’s committee, and during the complainant's father's lifetime and after his death, complainant's husband allegedly sold some properties and did not invest the funds in her name, thus taking the money as his own. Husband alleges that complainant had previously suffered from depression and mental instability.\n  \n","Contains an 1841 deed references 1829 deed with several named enslaved people from Gwyn's Island in Mathews County, as well as conveyances of some of those enslaved people in 1829, one of whom was recorded in King and Queen County. This 1841 deed notes that Henry \"from soem cause unknown will either elope or destroy himself, having attempted several times lately to drown himself.\" Later deeds reference more named enslaved people.\n  \n","Complainant seeks injunction preventing defendant from cashing out the proceeds of a property purchase, arguing that defendant sold property to complainant with unclear title, as per an outstanding will, which required owner of property to potentially pay an annuity to a relative under certain conditions. Complainant charges that defendant was aware of this and intentionally witheld that information. Property was to be used for constructing a home for \"indigent Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors.\"\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes correspondence as exhibits, one of which is  9 Jan 1866 letter from the defendant to the decedant Sheppard in which he specifically states that he has hired \"six good negro men to labor on the farm. I know them well and think they will labor industriously. I have had the management of the greater part of them, on my Mother's farm, before the war. As a general rule, I don't think free labor reliable, but such as I have, with families, can be relied on to remain the entire year. I pay $7.50 per month for them.\" In an earlier letteer of 9 Dec 1865, Blanton also mentions the charactar of an acquaintance with whom he \"served three years together in the Army.\"\n  \n","Divorce cause in which wife asserts excessive physical abuse from her husband, and her having worked to pay for most of the mortgage on the house. Seeks alimony also. Deposition of Wesley Jones recounts an instance when Harris' husband came home and demanded she give him the deed to their house, and ostensibly her reply was \"the white people had it,\" to which he said \"I want you to bring my deed home, if you don't bring it home I will make you do it you devil you,\" and the deponent reported that Harris \"struck her with his fist about the face, her lip was swollen up...he drew an iron poker and said you devil you I am a great mind to kill you.\"  The interviewer then questioned the deponent regarding whether Mrs. Harris had attended to her duties as a wife... Other depositions also. Decree included alimony, and, if not paid, to sell the property and the commissioners would deposit it in an account to be used as annual payments for Mrs. Harris. \n","Estate dispute regarding property whereby decedent died with out a will. According to depositions, decedent and disputants were persons of color. Depositions also reference family relationships of decedent's heirs.\n","Decedent's will (written in 1879, probated 1884) specifies that she is a married woman with property of her own to bequeath. Will includes specific bequests to family members and \"to Ned Banks, a colored boy whom I raised, five acres of land…upon condition that he shall remain with and work for myself and husband during our lives and the live of the survivors of us, without charge...After his death...the said five acres shall return to my estate...\"\n","Estate dispute whereby a son is suing his father (who is also his guardian), for the father's alleged negligence in providing his son and daughter their fair share of their estate. Court documents note that \"The suit is one of a peculier character...by a young and vigorous man...against his aged father...If the plaintiff is entitled to his pound of flesh the court will give it to him...but rules of law (will be applied) strictly.\" Father quotes a poem: \"How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child.\" Documents also discuss the enslaved people who were emancipated after the war and how that also decreased the value of the estate sought by the son. \n","Debt suit relating to Richmond cigar manufacturers, including details of cigar manufacturing business and inventory; several cigar brands listed, and prices (1886).\n","Estate dispute dating to 1838, in which decedent's will names 130+ enslaved persons and their relationships to one another. Originated in Petersburg and appealed in Richmond City Circuit court of Appeals 1861, and was revived in Nottoway 1877 and at some point to Henrico, then removed from the docket there in 1887.\n","Divorce suit in which the couple are Black and had been cohabitating since prior to the 1866 law allowing for cohabitating couples to be considered married. Both accuse each other of adultery. Complainant is referenced as having been a barber and a minister at Westwood Baptist Church in Henrico County, with property in Henrico County. Statements and depositions include information regarding neighbors and their occupations; one deponent is the half-brother of the complainant, and provides information regarding family members living out of state. Another deponent claims to have purchased the complainant's barber shop business, and his deposers repeatedly ask where and how he obtained or saved enough money to purchase it outright.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond, especially the house of Martha Webb on Marshall Street near 15th Street and a \"common house on Poplar Street kept by a colored woman named Sue\" and Miss Georgia Brown in Locust Alley, and Ann Dean's.\n","Complainants seek title/deed of property purchased by them from Louisa Doxtater, administrator and widow of Philander Doxtater.  Decree orders that property be officially transferred to complainants. Original 1886 deed specifies that Charlotte Friend, wife of Peter Friend, is the grantee/purchaser, not her her husband. Charlotte Friend is referenced as colored.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond. Includes a letter from anonymous source to wife informing her of this. She instituted divorce suit shortly thereafter.\n","Debt suit involving circus property, including live animals. Newspaper article details the suit; some property is in Richmond, some in Henrico. Includes inventory of live animals, information regarding the treatment of animals while awaiting sale, and receipts for some animals sold.\n","Estate suit involving property divisions dating prior to Civil War. Deeds reference named enslaved persons and some family relationships. Suit was heard by Virgnia Supreme Court of Appeals.\n","Suit of trespass in which several plaintiffs seek to prevent Wade \u0026 Chewning from extending Hanover Street through property through which it had not officially been constructed. Bill, answers, depositions, etc. describe physical characteristics of adjacent properties. Property owners and/or intersted parties include R.E. Lee Camp #1 Confederate Veterans, and suit references property south of Boulevard. Also includes specifications for construction of that portion of Hanover Street, and an oversized plat is included. References to improper drainage and potential health hazards.\n","Suit brought against the owner of a soap factory in a residential neighborhood who accused him of creating a \"public nuisance\" due to the smell of large amounts of animal remains he brought onto his property to make the soap. More than fifty residents and visitors who had passed through the area provided depositions about the effects of the \"dead animal factory\" on the community.\n","Divorce suit. Sylvester Willis accused his wife of adultery, and for his evidence claimed that after cohabiting with her he contracted \"that lothsome veneral secreat disease known as Clap,\" which he could only have gotten from her, and that \"this disease was given to his wife by one of her nearest relatives.\" He also leaned on contemporary fears of miscegenation in his accusations against his wife by further claiming that while she was working in a factory \"her conduct with negro men was so reprehensive that her employer or his agent drove her away from the factory in disgrace.\"\n","The county of Henrico initiated a suit against the city of Richmond after the city purchased a farm in Henrico County with the intention of building a smallpox hospital on the property. Henrico County claimed that Richmond had not informed them of their plans for the property prior to the purchase, violating state laws, and that they would not have allowed the purchase if they had known the true reason. The intended site of the hospital was close to a \"small village\" of Black residents and a predominately Black cemetery, according to a deponent. Included in the suit was a discussion of the city's previous housing and treatment of smallpox victims and plans for their future care, and meeting records for the Board of Supervisors for both the city of Richmond and Henrico County.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfer of court papers from Henrico County under an undated accession. Additional records were transferred to the Library of Virginia from the Henrico County Circuit Court in 1940 under accession number 21718.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["184.4 cu. ft. (387 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1890-1912 are indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availabilty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Chancery Causes from 1913-1965 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availabililty.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Chancery Causes 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting.","Chancery Causes 1890-1912 are indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availabilty.","Additional Chancery Causes from 1913-1965 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availabililty."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","Arrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext of Record type:\u003c/title\u003e Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/title\u003e Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLost Locality Notes:\u003c/title\u003e All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post-Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865 in the Civil War. The county's circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context of Record type:  Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county.\n","Lost Locality Notes:  All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post-Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865 in the Civil War. The county's circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965. (Cite style of suit and chancery index no.). Local Government Records Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965. (Cite style of suit and chancery index no.). Local Government Records Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChancery causes for the years 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting. The index remains available for research purposes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1912, were initially processed by Library of Virginia staff in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes, 1770-1889, were processed again by Library of Virginia staff to bring the collection up to the new standards which include capturing additional information, such as causes of action and thematic topics, in 2023-2025.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed, but not scanned. At this time, there are no plans to digitize these records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional post-1912 records are unprocessed. At this time, there are no plans to process these records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by. S. Bagely: 2009; updated by J. Taylor: February 2023; updated by M. Long: December 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Chancery causes for the years 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting. The index remains available for research purposes.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1912, were initially processed by Library of Virginia staff in 2009.","Chancery Causes, 1770-1889, were processed again by Library of Virginia staff to bring the collection up to the new standards which include capturing additional information, such as causes of action and thematic topics, in 2023-2025.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed, but not scanned. At this time, there are no plans to digitize these records.","Additional post-1912 records are unprocessed. At this time, there are no plans to process these records.","Encoded by. S. Bagely: 2009; updated by J. Taylor: February 2023; updated by M. Long: December 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi06208.xml;\"\u003e \"A Guide to the Henrico County (Va.) Business Records, 1803-1898.\"\u003c/extref\u003e a list of business records which may include exhibits in chancery suits.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.","See also:   \"A Guide to the Henrico County (Va.) Business Records, 1803-1898.\"  a list of business records which may include exhibits in chancery suits."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is a substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals. Specifically, there are many cases concerning estate disputes over enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the cases from the 1780s-1790s are related to William Byrd III's lottery of his property in the late 1760s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCases beginning in the 1850s consist of a higher than average number of estate suits involving free Black and Multiracial individuals and families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe defendant in this debt suit is Carter Braxton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit. Joseph B. Abrahams attacked a free Black man, Peter Haley. Abrahams argued that this attack was justified because Haley had insulted Abrahams' wife, and \"such a state of insubordination in a man of his colour would well justify the deed.\" Haley took Abrahams to court for this attack and won a judgment against Abrahams. Abrahams claimed that Haley only won the case because he had tricked Abrahams into not appearing in court, and that therefore he shouldn't have to pay Haley the settlement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit. The case centered around a group of French-American trading vessels, particularly the vessel La Ville de Bordeaux, which were caught up in the war between France and Great Britain in the 1790s. Ownership was split between John Lynch, an American citizen, and John Bernard, a French citizen, and the issue was further complicated when two unrelated Americans were given control of the ship during the war. This was intended to be a temporay trust to prevent the ship from having to fly French colors and potentially becoming a military target, but the trustees violated their agreement by selling the ship in India without permission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit centered around an enslaved man named James Harris. John Alcock claimed that Alexander Walker, one of the defendants, had sold him Harris by promising that Harris was a skilled painter who wanted to be closer to his mother, who was enslaved in Richmond. Alcock argued that Walker failed to disclose that Harris had a drinking problem and that Alcock had been forced to try to sell him again in \"the southern states.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. Centers around the estate of George Wythe and the property originally entailed to his great-nephew George Sweeney, who was tried for Wythe's murder in a famous 1806 Richmond court case. Includes as evidence a copy of Wythes's will and the codicil in which he disinherited Sweeney after being poisoned. The will outlines the support that was supposed to be given to Lydia Broadnax, a free Black woman who lived with Wythe and who was barred from testifying about his murder, and Michael Brown, a free Black boy who also lived with Wythe and was murdered alongside him. This included a personal request for Thomas Jefferson to act as Brown's patron.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit involving the estate of antislavery activist Robert Pleasants. Includes as evidence a copy of Pleasants' will, which includes several sections regarding people who had been previously manumitted by him or by the Pleasants vs Pleasants court case. These sections outline their future support, rights to remain, and lives on the settlement at Gravelly Hills. The will also outlines his plans for a school for Black children at Gravelly Hills to be established and funded from his estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreedom suit. Nanny and her son Moses were suing for their freedom on the grounds that Nanny's mother, Sally Lawson, was the descendent of a Cherokee woman named Sukey. See also: Sally ~ et al. vs Joseph Perkins, Charlottesville District Court 1808 (filed with Albemarle Co. Judgments)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreedom suit. Daphne Lawson, an enslaved woman, petitioned the court for her freedom under the argument that she had been illegally purchased by Robert McCracken despite having already been legally guaranteed emancipation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit requesting the sale two enslaved people for being \"difficult to manage and in the habit of frequently running away.\" One of the enslaved individuals, George, was able to succesfully present himself as a free man and was hired as a cook on board a schooner bound for New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit requesting permission to sell an enslaved teenage boy, Hiram, after he attempted to escape Virginia on board a vessel bound for a northern state. The plaintiff references an unnamed individual in the community who Hiram had a close relationship with. She believed that this person had helped convince him to make the escape attempt and would continue to help Hiram run away if he remained in her custody.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit centered around Jefferson, an enslaved man who was described as being \"addicted to running away.\" The suit describes mulltiple attempts by Jefferson, or Jeff, to escape enslavement while he was hired out to various individuals or businesses. The suit also describes his various arrests and time spent in jail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit centered around the will of Moses Brooks. Brooks was the enslaver of three of his grandchildren: Samson Brooks, Lucy Ann Brooks, and Peter Willis. His plan was that his estate hire out all three of the children for an extended period of time after his death, and that the money from their labor should go to support his white wife and children. After their respective work periods were completed, they were supposed to be sent to a \"free state\". Peter Willis's work was also supposed to support his mother Mary Ann Brooks, but there is no other information given about her legal status and how she related to the rest of the family. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreedom suit involving an enslaved man, Richard Meredith, who had been sold by his enslaver to his wife, a free Black woman named Caty Mundowney, under the condition that she \"should set him free and never sell him or give him to another.\" Richard claimed that Caty had never formally emancipated him while she was alive, even though she had been contractually obligated to by the bill of sale. Also includes documentation of an unsuccesful freedom suit for an enslaved woman named Mary Ann Brooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit that includes a high number of notable records types, including: the free papers of a woman named Catharine Fitzamore, daughter of Sally Fitzamore of Fluvanna County; a genealogical chart that not only tracks the testator's descendents but also if/when they migrated out of Virginia; and a collection of broadsides from the Grand Divisions of the Sons of Temperance of Virginia. Also touches on the inheritance rights of illegitimate children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit discussing the care of T. J. Brumfield's children after the deaths of both of their parents. Lucy Brumfield, a five year old girl, was placed into the Orphan Asylum despite having living relatives. The curator attempted to place her eight year old brother Joseph in the Orphan Asylum as well, but they rejected him and his grandmother Mary H. Brumfield was unwillingly obliged to temporarily take him in. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit that largely focuses on the plaintiffs' inheritance of Mahala, an enslaved woman. Mahala suffered from what the records referred to as a \"violent case of epilepsy.\" The suit includes several records documenting her illness and medical care, including her visits to a medical college for treatment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit most notable for the 1851 will of John Sheppard included as an exhibit. John Sheppard was a landowner and magistrate who lived and raised a family with Sally Randolph, a free Black woman, for many years. In his will, he stipulated that Sally should immediately be given $1000 after his death \"to enable her to remove herself and children to such place as she may desire.\" He then stated that the whole rest of his estate should be sold and the proceeds divided between Sally and their eight children. John also took extra steps to protect the property rights of their daughters, stipulating that \"the shares severally divided herein before to my natural daughters shall be held by them upon their marriage to their sole separate use, as though each were a feme sole free from the control, contracted debts or liabilities of their respective hubands.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit that centers around a piece of property that was intended to be conveyed by the plaintiffs to the defendants. This property was located along the road leading from Charles City County to Richmond City, and over the course of the Civil War the property in question and all of the building thereon were destroyed and used for timber by both the Confederate and Union armies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate initiated by a free Black family prior to the beginning of the Civil War, which was reopened following the war's conclusion. During the course of the suit, the white commissioner was accused of selling the decedent's property and keeping the proceeds for his own use rather than giving it to the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which the plaintiff Jacob Freyfogel accused his wife Mary of being unfaithful to him. John presented as evidence a child who was born more than a year after Jacob had been imprisoned for murder and who Jacob claimed was multiracial. Several deponents also provided accounts of how one of Mary's alleged partners, a man named Jacob Ford, was attacked next door to Mary's house and died inside of her home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit centers around a debate as to has the rights to govern St. John's German Lutheran Church according to the church's constitution. Includes descriptions of efforts taken by all parties to undermine one another, including one group who broke into the church and changed all of the locks to prevent the other group from entering. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit in which Daniel Jennings accused his former guardian, Andrew S. Padgett, of manipulating him into signing away his inherited property while Jennings was serving in the Confederate Army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit surrounding a deed made between a free Black man, Thomas Charles, and George W. Barker while Virginia was part of the Confederacy. Thomas Charles was convicted of larceny and sentenced to be sold into enslavement. George W. Barker agreed to purchase and free him, with Thomas Charles using his own personal property as collatoral for the purchase money. After his death, George W. Barker claimed that the property had been signed over to him outright and that the money paid by Thomas Charles's widow Mahala Fults for the debt was actually rent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit. Included in the suit is an 1866 indictment against the wife, Isabella Alley, \"for lewd and lascivious cohabitation with a negro man.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit. Defendant Henry R. Cronie claimed that he had a difficult time paying the debt in question because he had been driven from the county during the Civil War under the threat of \"mob violence\" after being accused of being an abolitionist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. George Roane, who had been enslaved prior to the end of the war, had been willed a yearly legacy from the estate of his former master, William A. Christian. Christian's administrator had recently begun to refuse to pay Roane the allotted sum. The administrator argued that because Christian had willed Roane the annual sum but didn't free him, the funds were intended to be compensation for his services during his enslavement. The estate was therefore no longer liable, given that Roane was no longer enslaved following the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit. Concerns Israel Brown, a formerly enslaved man who was sentenced to deportation for attacking a white man and was pardoned following the Civil War. Includes a copy of record for Brown's sentence and later pardon from the Richmond Hustings Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. The decedent, James Price, was a captain in the Continental Line during the American Revolution. A portion of the records in this suit pertain to the property he gained from his Virginia Military Land Warrant for his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit. Plaintiff Magdelena Frank accused her husband William of physical abuse that escalated to the point of almost killing one of their grandchildren. Magdelena owned a grocery and bar room where her husband worked and was often seen drinking, until she obtained a peace warrant that prevented him from entering her property. William justified his actions towards his wife by saying that \"he would be a good man if Mrs. Frank would stay at home and let him attend to the outside business.\" Both sides accused the other of infidelity with various acquaintences and neighbors. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which complainant files first bill in 1871, charging husband’s excessive and frequent abuse of her and her infant child. Asks the court for a divorce and to compel him to sell his property and provide compensation before he squandered it all. Second bill in 1871 alleges that husband agreed to live separately and had agreed to sell property and provide for wife and child if she would drop the suit. Child became sick and died, and she alleges husband paid for no care nor burial expenses, and she feared he would use proceeds of property sale to return to Europe from “whence he came.” He ostensibly did so, and paid her nothing. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. Commissioners’ reports and depositions reference enslaved people, including dates of purchase and amounts paid for named enslaved people. One 1863 report notes that: “The slaves are family servants and, though most of them are women and children, they produce to the estate annually more income, in proportion to their value than the real estate which has been sold or that is unsold—Indeed the real estate that remains unsold, being unimproved, produces no income whatever. Mrs. Hutcheson the widow, with her family of little children, is keeping house and needs dome of the servants to wait on her and them. If the slaves were sold to pay debts, other servants would have to be hired to wait on the family.” 1859 deposition includes ages and other details of individual enslaved people, such as “Phoebe’s value is impaired by a gun shot wound in the lower jaw.”\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute referencing specific bequest to “Chickahominy Tribe No. 34, Improved Order of Red Men.”\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute regarding executor failing to deposit funds from proceeds of sales of enslaved people in the 1860s, as well as dispute over legal title to said enslaved people prior to their having been sold. Early deposition notes: “Henry is now in jail…it would be unsafe to release him before a sale as he might escape to a free state.” Prior suits from City of Richmond and Charles City County are included as exhibits. 1876 statement by Richmond City clerk references loss of papers from 1857 suite of Mary Jordan vs. Jordan etc. due to April 1865 fire, but there are some references to this case in these extant records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Estate dispute involving mismanagement of funds. Confederate currency was problematic and mismanagement was described as “the result and creature of excited pride and passions of the war then raging at its highest.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce case in which wife seeks divorce on grounds of her husband’s efforts to defraud her of property. Husband abandoned her when she would not sign over her homestead deed. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute which included land and several named enslaved people in Marengo County, Alabama dating from 1848.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which defendant is the John T. Ford of what became the famous Ford’s Theater where Abraham Lincoln was shot. Here, Ford was in Richmond in 1849 and was indebted to the boot and shoe firm of Hubbard, Gardner, and Carlton for hundreds of dollars’ worth of shoes. He later left town and ostensibly neglected his debt, returning briefly in 1852 at which time suit was filed against him, with judgment for the plaintiffs. Exhibit attached to deposition of W.P. Shields for the plaintiffs were transcriptions of advertisements that were to have run in the Daily Richmond Whig in March 1852 regarding Kunkel’s Nightingale Ethiopian Opera Troupe of which Ford was business manager. Records of the judgments against Ford were destroyed during the Civil War and the burning of Richmond. The most recent decree in the cause (1878) indicated that Ford planned to appeal, so it was ordered that the decree be suspended for 60 days, with $100 bond. No further action evident in cause.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute in which plat references difficulty of obtaining accurate lines due to effects of Civil War battles.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHusband sought divorce in 1867 alleging adultery and in 1879 a second bill sought annulment on grounds of wife’s alleged bigamy. He refers to his wife as a “woman of color” and says that they “occupied relation of man and wife.” Union was recognized legally by Feb. 27, 1866. Depositions of defendant’s sister and brother in law reference the evacuation of Richmond in 1866. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which one deponent named Nelson Turner is described as “colored” and who was a carpenter who worked on the complainant’s house/construction: “I served my apprenticeship with Caleb Turner of Mecklenburg.  Am now sixty two years old and have been working at the carpenter’s business ever since I was large enough to turn a grind-stone.”\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which plaintiff also references judgment: City of Richmond Freedmans Court vs. Exr. William Stewart, etc. Affidavit references Thomas Stewart and William Stewart as brothers. Property on Mechanicsville Turnpike.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce case in which husband alleges abandonment. Married in Germany in 1866 as per marriage certificate. Couple had two (or three) children in Henrico County. Wife returned to Germany and remained there with two children. Wife wrote several detailed letters in English to husband and to her in-laws regarding life in Germany and family information. Husband alleges a third child was abandoned and died; letters do not reference that.\n \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce case which references wife’s alleged adultery and sex work with nearby Federal troops in 1865, and her subsequent abandonment in 1866 when troops left.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDispute in which plaintiff seeks injunction to prevent City of Richmond from purchasing property known as the Hanes Farm for establishing a smallpox hospital separate from the general hospital in Richmond. Plat is detailed and includes lunatic asylum location.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute in which decedent’s will includes named enslaved people and land/property in Virginia and Alabama. \n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute in which decedent’s post-Civil War will includes financial bequests to “faithful servants” and gives much detail regarding personal jewelry made from various family member/ancestors’ hair, as well as specific personal property and its history with family members/ancestors.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDispute over the use of an unregistered tobacco trademark. Complainants sell “To-To” tobacco; defendants have been selling “Ta-Ta” tobacco, both seals of which are quite similar. Exhibits include a packet of Ta-Ta tobacco.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDefendant is alleged to have married a white woman out of state, he being a \"colored man.\" Both were non-residents of Virginia. Regarding a debt from a judgment from U.S. Supreme Court.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute that includes the 1850 will of Curtis Carter in which he names certain enslaved people and specifies that the named father of two named enslaved boys should be permitted to purchase them within two years at a certain price. \n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit in which wife sold her inherited property to help pay husband’s debts, and alleges that husband did not uphold his contractual agreements to pay his debts nor to protect interests of his wife and family. Over 40 named enslaved persons, and some family relationships, are referenced in pre-1865 deed exhibits.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which the editor/proprietor of The Southern Planter and Farmer allegedly owed a $1,100.00 debt to said bank in 1880, allegedly “absconding” from the state, abandoning the newspaper offices and its contents, thus discontinuing the newspaper.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which complainant’s husband was complainant’s father’s committee, and during the complainant's father's lifetime and after his death, complainant's husband allegedly sold some properties and did not invest the funds in her name, thus taking the money as his own. Husband alleges that complainant had previously suffered from depression and mental instability.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains an 1841 deed references 1829 deed with several named enslaved people from Gwyn's Island in Mathews County, as well as conveyances of some of those enslaved people in 1829, one of whom was recorded in King and Queen County. This 1841 deed notes that Henry \"from soem cause unknown will either elope or destroy himself, having attempted several times lately to drown himself.\" Later deeds reference more named enslaved people.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplainant seeks injunction preventing defendant from cashing out the proceeds of a property purchase, arguing that defendant sold property to complainant with unclear title, as per an outstanding will, which required owner of property to potentially pay an annuity to a relative under certain conditions. Complainant charges that defendant was aware of this and intentionally witheld that information. Property was to be used for constructing a home for \"indigent Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors.\"\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute that includes correspondence as exhibits, one of which is  9 Jan 1866 letter from the defendant to the decedant Sheppard in which he specifically states that he has hired \"six good negro men to labor on the farm. I know them well and think they will labor industriously. I have had the management of the greater part of them, on my Mother's farm, before the war. As a general rule, I don't think free labor reliable, but such as I have, with families, can be relied on to remain the entire year. I pay $7.50 per month for them.\" In an earlier letteer of 9 Dec 1865, Blanton also mentions the charactar of an acquaintance with whom he \"served three years together in the Army.\"\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce cause in which wife asserts excessive physical abuse from her husband, and her having worked to pay for most of the mortgage on the house. Seeks alimony also. Deposition of Wesley Jones recounts an instance when Harris' husband came home and demanded she give him the deed to their house, and ostensibly her reply was \"the white people had it,\" to which he said \"I want you to bring my deed home, if you don't bring it home I will make you do it you devil you,\" and the deponent reported that Harris \"struck her with his fist about the face, her lip was swollen up...he drew an iron poker and said you devil you I am a great mind to kill you.\"  The interviewer then questioned the deponent regarding whether Mrs. Harris had attended to her duties as a wife... Other depositions also. Decree included alimony, and, if not paid, to sell the property and the commissioners would deposit it in an account to be used as annual payments for Mrs. Harris. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute regarding property whereby decedent died with out a will. According to depositions, decedent and disputants were persons of color. Depositions also reference family relationships of decedent's heirs.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecedent's will (written in 1879, probated 1884) specifies that she is a married woman with property of her own to bequeath. Will includes specific bequests to family members and \"to Ned Banks, a colored boy whom I raised, five acres of land…upon condition that he shall remain with and work for myself and husband during our lives and the live of the survivors of us, without charge...After his death...the said five acres shall return to my estate...\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute whereby a son is suing his father (who is also his guardian), for the father's alleged negligence in providing his son and daughter their fair share of their estate. Court documents note that \"The suit is one of a peculier character...by a young and vigorous man...against his aged father...If the plaintiff is entitled to his pound of flesh the court will give it to him...but rules of law (will be applied) strictly.\" Father quotes a poem: \"How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child.\" Documents also discuss the enslaved people who were emancipated after the war and how that also decreased the value of the estate sought by the son. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit relating to Richmond cigar manufacturers, including details of cigar manufacturing business and inventory; several cigar brands listed, and prices (1886).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute dating to 1838, in which decedent's will names 130+ enslaved persons and their relationships to one another. Originated in Petersburg and appealed in Richmond City Circuit court of Appeals 1861, and was revived in Nottoway 1877 and at some point to Henrico, then removed from the docket there in 1887.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which the couple are Black and had been cohabitating since prior to the 1866 law allowing for cohabitating couples to be considered married. Both accuse each other of adultery. Complainant is referenced as having been a barber and a minister at Westwood Baptist Church in Henrico County, with property in Henrico County. Statements and depositions include information regarding neighbors and their occupations; one deponent is the half-brother of the complainant, and provides information regarding family members living out of state. Another deponent claims to have purchased the complainant's barber shop business, and his deposers repeatedly ask where and how he obtained or saved enough money to purchase it outright.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond, especially the house of Martha Webb on Marshall Street near 15th Street and a \"common house on Poplar Street kept by a colored woman named Sue\" and Miss Georgia Brown in Locust Alley, and Ann Dean's.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplainants seek title/deed of property purchased by them from Louisa Doxtater, administrator and widow of Philander Doxtater.  Decree orders that property be officially transferred to complainants. Original 1886 deed specifies that Charlotte Friend, wife of Peter Friend, is the grantee/purchaser, not her her husband. Charlotte Friend is referenced as colored.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond. Includes a letter from anonymous source to wife informing her of this. She instituted divorce suit shortly thereafter.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit involving circus property, including live animals. Newspaper article details the suit; some property is in Richmond, some in Henrico. Includes inventory of live animals, information regarding the treatment of animals while awaiting sale, and receipts for some animals sold.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit involving property divisions dating prior to Civil War. Deeds reference named enslaved persons and some family relationships. Suit was heard by Virgnia Supreme Court of Appeals.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit of trespass in which several plaintiffs seek to prevent Wade \u0026amp; Chewning from extending Hanover Street through property through which it had not officially been constructed. Bill, answers, depositions, etc. describe physical characteristics of adjacent properties. Property owners and/or intersted parties include R.E. Lee Camp #1 Confederate Veterans, and suit references property south of Boulevard. Also includes specifications for construction of that portion of Hanover Street, and an oversized plat is included. References to improper drainage and potential health hazards.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit brought against the owner of a soap factory in a residential neighborhood who accused him of creating a \"public nuisance\" due to the smell of large amounts of animal remains he brought onto his property to make the soap. More than fifty residents and visitors who had passed through the area provided depositions about the effects of the \"dead animal factory\" on the community.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit. Sylvester Willis accused his wife of adultery, and for his evidence claimed that after cohabiting with her he contracted \"that lothsome veneral secreat disease known as Clap,\" which he could only have gotten from her, and that \"this disease was given to his wife by one of her nearest relatives.\" He also leaned on contemporary fears of miscegenation in his accusations against his wife by further claiming that while she was working in a factory \"her conduct with negro men was so reprehensive that her employer or his agent drove her away from the factory in disgrace.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe county of Henrico initiated a suit against the city of Richmond after the city purchased a farm in Henrico County with the intention of building a smallpox hospital on the property. Henrico County claimed that Richmond had not informed them of their plans for the property prior to the purchase, violating state laws, and that they would not have allowed the purchase if they had known the true reason. The intended site of the hospital was close to a \"small village\" of Black residents and a predominately Black cemetery, according to a deponent. Included in the suit was a discussion of the city's previous housing and treatment of smallpox victims and plans for their future care, and meeting records for the Board of Supervisors for both the city of Richmond and Henrico County.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","There is a substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals. Specifically, there are many cases concerning estate disputes over enslaved individuals.","Many of the cases from the 1780s-1790s are related to William Byrd III's lottery of his property in the late 1760s.","Cases beginning in the 1850s consist of a higher than average number of estate suits involving free Black and Multiracial individuals and families.","The defendant in this debt suit is Carter Braxton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.","Debt suit. Joseph B. Abrahams attacked a free Black man, Peter Haley. Abrahams argued that this attack was justified because Haley had insulted Abrahams' wife, and \"such a state of insubordination in a man of his colour would well justify the deed.\" Haley took Abrahams to court for this attack and won a judgment against Abrahams. Abrahams claimed that Haley only won the case because he had tricked Abrahams into not appearing in court, and that therefore he shouldn't have to pay Haley the settlement.","Contract suit. The case centered around a group of French-American trading vessels, particularly the vessel La Ville de Bordeaux, which were caught up in the war between France and Great Britain in the 1790s. Ownership was split between John Lynch, an American citizen, and John Bernard, a French citizen, and the issue was further complicated when two unrelated Americans were given control of the ship during the war. This was intended to be a temporay trust to prevent the ship from having to fly French colors and potentially becoming a military target, but the trustees violated their agreement by selling the ship in India without permission.","Contract suit centered around an enslaved man named James Harris. John Alcock claimed that Alexander Walker, one of the defendants, had sold him Harris by promising that Harris was a skilled painter who wanted to be closer to his mother, who was enslaved in Richmond. Alcock argued that Walker failed to disclose that Harris had a drinking problem and that Alcock had been forced to try to sell him again in \"the southern states.\"","Estate suit. Centers around the estate of George Wythe and the property originally entailed to his great-nephew George Sweeney, who was tried for Wythe's murder in a famous 1806 Richmond court case. Includes as evidence a copy of Wythes's will and the codicil in which he disinherited Sweeney after being poisoned. The will outlines the support that was supposed to be given to Lydia Broadnax, a free Black woman who lived with Wythe and who was barred from testifying about his murder, and Michael Brown, a free Black boy who also lived with Wythe and was murdered alongside him. This included a personal request for Thomas Jefferson to act as Brown's patron.","Estate suit involving the estate of antislavery activist Robert Pleasants. Includes as evidence a copy of Pleasants' will, which includes several sections regarding people who had been previously manumitted by him or by the Pleasants vs Pleasants court case. These sections outline their future support, rights to remain, and lives on the settlement at Gravelly Hills. The will also outlines his plans for a school for Black children at Gravelly Hills to be established and funded from his estate.","Freedom suit. Nanny and her son Moses were suing for their freedom on the grounds that Nanny's mother, Sally Lawson, was the descendent of a Cherokee woman named Sukey. See also: Sally ~ et al. vs Joseph Perkins, Charlottesville District Court 1808 (filed with Albemarle Co. Judgments)","Freedom suit. Daphne Lawson, an enslaved woman, petitioned the court for her freedom under the argument that she had been illegally purchased by Robert McCracken despite having already been legally guaranteed emancipation.","Estate suit requesting the sale two enslaved people for being \"difficult to manage and in the habit of frequently running away.\" One of the enslaved individuals, George, was able to succesfully present himself as a free man and was hired as a cook on board a schooner bound for New York.","Contract suit requesting permission to sell an enslaved teenage boy, Hiram, after he attempted to escape Virginia on board a vessel bound for a northern state. The plaintiff references an unnamed individual in the community who Hiram had a close relationship with. She believed that this person had helped convince him to make the escape attempt and would continue to help Hiram run away if he remained in her custody.","Estate suit centered around Jefferson, an enslaved man who was described as being \"addicted to running away.\" The suit describes mulltiple attempts by Jefferson, or Jeff, to escape enslavement while he was hired out to various individuals or businesses. The suit also describes his various arrests and time spent in jail.","Estate suit centered around the will of Moses Brooks. Brooks was the enslaver of three of his grandchildren: Samson Brooks, Lucy Ann Brooks, and Peter Willis. His plan was that his estate hire out all three of the children for an extended period of time after his death, and that the money from their labor should go to support his white wife and children. After their respective work periods were completed, they were supposed to be sent to a \"free state\". Peter Willis's work was also supposed to support his mother Mary Ann Brooks, but there is no other information given about her legal status and how she related to the rest of the family. ","Freedom suit involving an enslaved man, Richard Meredith, who had been sold by his enslaver to his wife, a free Black woman named Caty Mundowney, under the condition that she \"should set him free and never sell him or give him to another.\" Richard claimed that Caty had never formally emancipated him while she was alive, even though she had been contractually obligated to by the bill of sale. Also includes documentation of an unsuccesful freedom suit for an enslaved woman named Mary Ann Brooks.","Estate suit that includes a high number of notable records types, including: the free papers of a woman named Catharine Fitzamore, daughter of Sally Fitzamore of Fluvanna County; a genealogical chart that not only tracks the testator's descendents but also if/when they migrated out of Virginia; and a collection of broadsides from the Grand Divisions of the Sons of Temperance of Virginia. Also touches on the inheritance rights of illegitimate children.","Estate suit discussing the care of T. J. Brumfield's children after the deaths of both of their parents. Lucy Brumfield, a five year old girl, was placed into the Orphan Asylum despite having living relatives. The curator attempted to place her eight year old brother Joseph in the Orphan Asylum as well, but they rejected him and his grandmother Mary H. Brumfield was unwillingly obliged to temporarily take him in. ","Estate suit that largely focuses on the plaintiffs' inheritance of Mahala, an enslaved woman. Mahala suffered from what the records referred to as a \"violent case of epilepsy.\" The suit includes several records documenting her illness and medical care, including her visits to a medical college for treatment.","Contract suit most notable for the 1851 will of John Sheppard included as an exhibit. John Sheppard was a landowner and magistrate who lived and raised a family with Sally Randolph, a free Black woman, for many years. In his will, he stipulated that Sally should immediately be given $1000 after his death \"to enable her to remove herself and children to such place as she may desire.\" He then stated that the whole rest of his estate should be sold and the proceeds divided between Sally and their eight children. John also took extra steps to protect the property rights of their daughters, stipulating that \"the shares severally divided herein before to my natural daughters shall be held by them upon their marriage to their sole separate use, as though each were a feme sole free from the control, contracted debts or liabilities of their respective hubands.\"","Contract suit that centers around a piece of property that was intended to be conveyed by the plaintiffs to the defendants. This property was located along the road leading from Charles City County to Richmond City, and over the course of the Civil War the property in question and all of the building thereon were destroyed and used for timber by both the Confederate and Union armies.","Estate initiated by a free Black family prior to the beginning of the Civil War, which was reopened following the war's conclusion. During the course of the suit, the white commissioner was accused of selling the decedent's property and keeping the proceeds for his own use rather than giving it to the family.","Divorce suit in which the plaintiff Jacob Freyfogel accused his wife Mary of being unfaithful to him. John presented as evidence a child who was born more than a year after Jacob had been imprisoned for murder and who Jacob claimed was multiracial. Several deponents also provided accounts of how one of Mary's alleged partners, a man named Jacob Ford, was attacked next door to Mary's house and died inside of her home. ","Suit centers around a debate as to has the rights to govern St. John's German Lutheran Church according to the church's constitution. Includes descriptions of efforts taken by all parties to undermine one another, including one group who broke into the church and changed all of the locks to prevent the other group from entering. ","Contract suit in which Daniel Jennings accused his former guardian, Andrew S. Padgett, of manipulating him into signing away his inherited property while Jennings was serving in the Confederate Army.","Contract suit surrounding a deed made between a free Black man, Thomas Charles, and George W. Barker while Virginia was part of the Confederacy. Thomas Charles was convicted of larceny and sentenced to be sold into enslavement. George W. Barker agreed to purchase and free him, with Thomas Charles using his own personal property as collatoral for the purchase money. After his death, George W. Barker claimed that the property had been signed over to him outright and that the money paid by Thomas Charles's widow Mahala Fults for the debt was actually rent.","Divorce suit. Included in the suit is an 1866 indictment against the wife, Isabella Alley, \"for lewd and lascivious cohabitation with a negro man.\"","Debt suit. Defendant Henry R. Cronie claimed that he had a difficult time paying the debt in question because he had been driven from the county during the Civil War under the threat of \"mob violence\" after being accused of being an abolitionist.","Estate suit. George Roane, who had been enslaved prior to the end of the war, had been willed a yearly legacy from the estate of his former master, William A. Christian. Christian's administrator had recently begun to refuse to pay Roane the allotted sum. The administrator argued that because Christian had willed Roane the annual sum but didn't free him, the funds were intended to be compensation for his services during his enslavement. The estate was therefore no longer liable, given that Roane was no longer enslaved following the Civil War.","Contract suit. Concerns Israel Brown, a formerly enslaved man who was sentenced to deportation for attacking a white man and was pardoned following the Civil War. Includes a copy of record for Brown's sentence and later pardon from the Richmond Hustings Court.","Estate suit. The decedent, James Price, was a captain in the Continental Line during the American Revolution. A portion of the records in this suit pertain to the property he gained from his Virginia Military Land Warrant for his service.","Divorce suit. Plaintiff Magdelena Frank accused her husband William of physical abuse that escalated to the point of almost killing one of their grandchildren. Magdelena owned a grocery and bar room where her husband worked and was often seen drinking, until she obtained a peace warrant that prevented him from entering her property. William justified his actions towards his wife by saying that \"he would be a good man if Mrs. Frank would stay at home and let him attend to the outside business.\" Both sides accused the other of infidelity with various acquaintences and neighbors. ","Divorce suit in which complainant files first bill in 1871, charging husband’s excessive and frequent abuse of her and her infant child. Asks the court for a divorce and to compel him to sell his property and provide compensation before he squandered it all. Second bill in 1871 alleges that husband agreed to live separately and had agreed to sell property and provide for wife and child if she would drop the suit. Child became sick and died, and she alleges husband paid for no care nor burial expenses, and she feared he would use proceeds of property sale to return to Europe from “whence he came.” He ostensibly did so, and paid her nothing. ","Estate suit. Commissioners’ reports and depositions reference enslaved people, including dates of purchase and amounts paid for named enslaved people. One 1863 report notes that: “The slaves are family servants and, though most of them are women and children, they produce to the estate annually more income, in proportion to their value than the real estate which has been sold or that is unsold—Indeed the real estate that remains unsold, being unimproved, produces no income whatever. Mrs. Hutcheson the widow, with her family of little children, is keeping house and needs dome of the servants to wait on her and them. If the slaves were sold to pay debts, other servants would have to be hired to wait on the family.” 1859 deposition includes ages and other details of individual enslaved people, such as “Phoebe’s value is impaired by a gun shot wound in the lower jaw.”\n","Estate dispute referencing specific bequest to “Chickahominy Tribe No. 34, Improved Order of Red Men.”\n","Estate dispute regarding executor failing to deposit funds from proceeds of sales of enslaved people in the 1860s, as well as dispute over legal title to said enslaved people prior to their having been sold. Early deposition notes: “Henry is now in jail…it would be unsafe to release him before a sale as he might escape to a free state.” Prior suits from City of Richmond and Charles City County are included as exhibits. 1876 statement by Richmond City clerk references loss of papers from 1857 suite of Mary Jordan vs. Jordan etc. due to April 1865 fire, but there are some references to this case in these extant records.\n"," Estate dispute involving mismanagement of funds. Confederate currency was problematic and mismanagement was described as “the result and creature of excited pride and passions of the war then raging at its highest.\"\n","Divorce case in which wife seeks divorce on grounds of her husband’s efforts to defraud her of property. Husband abandoned her when she would not sign over her homestead deed. \n","Estate dispute which included land and several named enslaved people in Marengo County, Alabama dating from 1848.\n","Debt case in which defendant is the John T. Ford of what became the famous Ford’s Theater where Abraham Lincoln was shot. Here, Ford was in Richmond in 1849 and was indebted to the boot and shoe firm of Hubbard, Gardner, and Carlton for hundreds of dollars’ worth of shoes. He later left town and ostensibly neglected his debt, returning briefly in 1852 at which time suit was filed against him, with judgment for the plaintiffs. Exhibit attached to deposition of W.P. Shields for the plaintiffs were transcriptions of advertisements that were to have run in the Daily Richmond Whig in March 1852 regarding Kunkel’s Nightingale Ethiopian Opera Troupe of which Ford was business manager. Records of the judgments against Ford were destroyed during the Civil War and the burning of Richmond. The most recent decree in the cause (1878) indicated that Ford planned to appeal, so it was ordered that the decree be suspended for 60 days, with $100 bond. No further action evident in cause.\n","Estate dispute in which plat references difficulty of obtaining accurate lines due to effects of Civil War battles.\n","Husband sought divorce in 1867 alleging adultery and in 1879 a second bill sought annulment on grounds of wife’s alleged bigamy. He refers to his wife as a “woman of color” and says that they “occupied relation of man and wife.” Union was recognized legally by Feb. 27, 1866. Depositions of defendant’s sister and brother in law reference the evacuation of Richmond in 1866. \n","Debt case in which one deponent named Nelson Turner is described as “colored” and who was a carpenter who worked on the complainant’s house/construction: “I served my apprenticeship with Caleb Turner of Mecklenburg.  Am now sixty two years old and have been working at the carpenter’s business ever since I was large enough to turn a grind-stone.”\n","Debt case in which plaintiff also references judgment: City of Richmond Freedmans Court vs. Exr. William Stewart, etc. Affidavit references Thomas Stewart and William Stewart as brothers. Property on Mechanicsville Turnpike.\n","Divorce case in which husband alleges abandonment. Married in Germany in 1866 as per marriage certificate. Couple had two (or three) children in Henrico County. Wife returned to Germany and remained there with two children. Wife wrote several detailed letters in English to husband and to her in-laws regarding life in Germany and family information. Husband alleges a third child was abandoned and died; letters do not reference that.\n \n","Divorce case which references wife’s alleged adultery and sex work with nearby Federal troops in 1865, and her subsequent abandonment in 1866 when troops left.\n","Dispute in which plaintiff seeks injunction to prevent City of Richmond from purchasing property known as the Hanes Farm for establishing a smallpox hospital separate from the general hospital in Richmond. Plat is detailed and includes lunatic asylum location.\n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s will includes named enslaved people and land/property in Virginia and Alabama. \n  \n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s post-Civil War will includes financial bequests to “faithful servants” and gives much detail regarding personal jewelry made from various family member/ancestors’ hair, as well as specific personal property and its history with family members/ancestors.\n","Dispute over the use of an unregistered tobacco trademark. Complainants sell “To-To” tobacco; defendants have been selling “Ta-Ta” tobacco, both seals of which are quite similar. Exhibits include a packet of Ta-Ta tobacco.\n  \n","Defendant is alleged to have married a white woman out of state, he being a \"colored man.\" Both were non-residents of Virginia. Regarding a debt from a judgment from U.S. Supreme Court.\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes the 1850 will of Curtis Carter in which he names certain enslaved people and specifies that the named father of two named enslaved boys should be permitted to purchase them within two years at a certain price. \n  \n","Debt suit in which wife sold her inherited property to help pay husband’s debts, and alleges that husband did not uphold his contractual agreements to pay his debts nor to protect interests of his wife and family. Over 40 named enslaved persons, and some family relationships, are referenced in pre-1865 deed exhibits.\n  \n","Debt case in which the editor/proprietor of The Southern Planter and Farmer allegedly owed a $1,100.00 debt to said bank in 1880, allegedly “absconding” from the state, abandoning the newspaper offices and its contents, thus discontinuing the newspaper.  \n","Divorce suit in which complainant’s husband was complainant’s father’s committee, and during the complainant's father's lifetime and after his death, complainant's husband allegedly sold some properties and did not invest the funds in her name, thus taking the money as his own. Husband alleges that complainant had previously suffered from depression and mental instability.\n  \n","Contains an 1841 deed references 1829 deed with several named enslaved people from Gwyn's Island in Mathews County, as well as conveyances of some of those enslaved people in 1829, one of whom was recorded in King and Queen County. This 1841 deed notes that Henry \"from soem cause unknown will either elope or destroy himself, having attempted several times lately to drown himself.\" Later deeds reference more named enslaved people.\n  \n","Complainant seeks injunction preventing defendant from cashing out the proceeds of a property purchase, arguing that defendant sold property to complainant with unclear title, as per an outstanding will, which required owner of property to potentially pay an annuity to a relative under certain conditions. Complainant charges that defendant was aware of this and intentionally witheld that information. Property was to be used for constructing a home for \"indigent Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors.\"\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes correspondence as exhibits, one of which is  9 Jan 1866 letter from the defendant to the decedant Sheppard in which he specifically states that he has hired \"six good negro men to labor on the farm. I know them well and think they will labor industriously. I have had the management of the greater part of them, on my Mother's farm, before the war. As a general rule, I don't think free labor reliable, but such as I have, with families, can be relied on to remain the entire year. I pay $7.50 per month for them.\" In an earlier letteer of 9 Dec 1865, Blanton also mentions the charactar of an acquaintance with whom he \"served three years together in the Army.\"\n  \n","Divorce cause in which wife asserts excessive physical abuse from her husband, and her having worked to pay for most of the mortgage on the house. Seeks alimony also. Deposition of Wesley Jones recounts an instance when Harris' husband came home and demanded she give him the deed to their house, and ostensibly her reply was \"the white people had it,\" to which he said \"I want you to bring my deed home, if you don't bring it home I will make you do it you devil you,\" and the deponent reported that Harris \"struck her with his fist about the face, her lip was swollen up...he drew an iron poker and said you devil you I am a great mind to kill you.\"  The interviewer then questioned the deponent regarding whether Mrs. Harris had attended to her duties as a wife... Other depositions also. Decree included alimony, and, if not paid, to sell the property and the commissioners would deposit it in an account to be used as annual payments for Mrs. Harris. \n","Estate dispute regarding property whereby decedent died with out a will. According to depositions, decedent and disputants were persons of color. Depositions also reference family relationships of decedent's heirs.\n","Decedent's will (written in 1879, probated 1884) specifies that she is a married woman with property of her own to bequeath. Will includes specific bequests to family members and \"to Ned Banks, a colored boy whom I raised, five acres of land…upon condition that he shall remain with and work for myself and husband during our lives and the live of the survivors of us, without charge...After his death...the said five acres shall return to my estate...\"\n","Estate dispute whereby a son is suing his father (who is also his guardian), for the father's alleged negligence in providing his son and daughter their fair share of their estate. Court documents note that \"The suit is one of a peculier character...by a young and vigorous man...against his aged father...If the plaintiff is entitled to his pound of flesh the court will give it to him...but rules of law (will be applied) strictly.\" Father quotes a poem: \"How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child.\" Documents also discuss the enslaved people who were emancipated after the war and how that also decreased the value of the estate sought by the son. \n","Debt suit relating to Richmond cigar manufacturers, including details of cigar manufacturing business and inventory; several cigar brands listed, and prices (1886).\n","Estate dispute dating to 1838, in which decedent's will names 130+ enslaved persons and their relationships to one another. Originated in Petersburg and appealed in Richmond City Circuit court of Appeals 1861, and was revived in Nottoway 1877 and at some point to Henrico, then removed from the docket there in 1887.\n","Divorce suit in which the couple are Black and had been cohabitating since prior to the 1866 law allowing for cohabitating couples to be considered married. Both accuse each other of adultery. Complainant is referenced as having been a barber and a minister at Westwood Baptist Church in Henrico County, with property in Henrico County. Statements and depositions include information regarding neighbors and their occupations; one deponent is the half-brother of the complainant, and provides information regarding family members living out of state. Another deponent claims to have purchased the complainant's barber shop business, and his deposers repeatedly ask where and how he obtained or saved enough money to purchase it outright.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond, especially the house of Martha Webb on Marshall Street near 15th Street and a \"common house on Poplar Street kept by a colored woman named Sue\" and Miss Georgia Brown in Locust Alley, and Ann Dean's.\n","Complainants seek title/deed of property purchased by them from Louisa Doxtater, administrator and widow of Philander Doxtater.  Decree orders that property be officially transferred to complainants. Original 1886 deed specifies that Charlotte Friend, wife of Peter Friend, is the grantee/purchaser, not her her husband. Charlotte Friend is referenced as colored.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond. Includes a letter from anonymous source to wife informing her of this. She instituted divorce suit shortly thereafter.\n","Debt suit involving circus property, including live animals. Newspaper article details the suit; some property is in Richmond, some in Henrico. Includes inventory of live animals, information regarding the treatment of animals while awaiting sale, and receipts for some animals sold.\n","Estate suit involving property divisions dating prior to Civil War. Deeds reference named enslaved persons and some family relationships. Suit was heard by Virgnia Supreme Court of Appeals.\n","Suit of trespass in which several plaintiffs seek to prevent Wade \u0026 Chewning from extending Hanover Street through property through which it had not officially been constructed. Bill, answers, depositions, etc. describe physical characteristics of adjacent properties. Property owners and/or intersted parties include R.E. Lee Camp #1 Confederate Veterans, and suit references property south of Boulevard. Also includes specifications for construction of that portion of Hanover Street, and an oversized plat is included. References to improper drainage and potential health hazards.\n","Suit brought against the owner of a soap factory in a residential neighborhood who accused him of creating a \"public nuisance\" due to the smell of large amounts of animal remains he brought onto his property to make the soap. More than fifty residents and visitors who had passed through the area provided depositions about the effects of the \"dead animal factory\" on the community.\n","Divorce suit. Sylvester Willis accused his wife of adultery, and for his evidence claimed that after cohabiting with her he contracted \"that lothsome veneral secreat disease known as Clap,\" which he could only have gotten from her, and that \"this disease was given to his wife by one of her nearest relatives.\" He also leaned on contemporary fears of miscegenation in his accusations against his wife by further claiming that while she was working in a factory \"her conduct with negro men was so reprehensive that her employer or his agent drove her away from the factory in disgrace.\"\n","The county of Henrico initiated a suit against the city of Richmond after the city purchased a farm in Henrico County with the intention of building a smallpox hospital on the property. Henrico County claimed that Richmond had not informed them of their plans for the property prior to the purchase, violating state laws, and that they would not have allowed the purchase if they had known the true reason. The intended site of the hospital was close to a \"small village\" of Black residents and a predominately Black cemetery, according to a deponent. Included in the suit was a discussion of the city's previous housing and treatment of smallpox victims and plans for their future care, and meeting records for the Board of Supervisors for both the city of Richmond and Henrico County.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":71,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:00:22.553Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02575","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02575","_root_":"vi_vi02575","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02575","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02575.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"text":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965","184.4 cu. ft. (387 boxes)","Chancery Causes 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting.","Chancery Causes 1890-1912 are indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availabilty.","Additional Chancery Causes from 1913-1965 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availabililty.","Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","Arrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\n","Context of Record type:  Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county.\n","Lost Locality Notes:  All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post-Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865 in the Civil War. The county's circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n","Chancery causes for the years 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting. The index remains available for research purposes.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1912, were initially processed by Library of Virginia staff in 2009.","Chancery Causes, 1770-1889, were processed again by Library of Virginia staff to bring the collection up to the new standards which include capturing additional information, such as causes of action and thematic topics, in 2023-2025.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed, but not scanned. At this time, there are no plans to digitize these records.","Additional post-1912 records are unprocessed. At this time, there are no plans to process these records.","Encoded by. S. Bagely: 2009; updated by J. Taylor: February 2023; updated by M. Long: December 2025.","Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.","See also:   \"A Guide to the Henrico County (Va.) Business Records, 1803-1898.\"  a list of business records which may include exhibits in chancery suits.","Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","There is a substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals. Specifically, there are many cases concerning estate disputes over enslaved individuals.","Many of the cases from the 1780s-1790s are related to William Byrd III's lottery of his property in the late 1760s.","Cases beginning in the 1850s consist of a higher than average number of estate suits involving free Black and Multiracial individuals and families.","The defendant in this debt suit is Carter Braxton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.","Debt suit. Joseph B. Abrahams attacked a free Black man, Peter Haley. Abrahams argued that this attack was justified because Haley had insulted Abrahams' wife, and \"such a state of insubordination in a man of his colour would well justify the deed.\" Haley took Abrahams to court for this attack and won a judgment against Abrahams. Abrahams claimed that Haley only won the case because he had tricked Abrahams into not appearing in court, and that therefore he shouldn't have to pay Haley the settlement.","Contract suit. The case centered around a group of French-American trading vessels, particularly the vessel La Ville de Bordeaux, which were caught up in the war between France and Great Britain in the 1790s. Ownership was split between John Lynch, an American citizen, and John Bernard, a French citizen, and the issue was further complicated when two unrelated Americans were given control of the ship during the war. This was intended to be a temporay trust to prevent the ship from having to fly French colors and potentially becoming a military target, but the trustees violated their agreement by selling the ship in India without permission.","Contract suit centered around an enslaved man named James Harris. John Alcock claimed that Alexander Walker, one of the defendants, had sold him Harris by promising that Harris was a skilled painter who wanted to be closer to his mother, who was enslaved in Richmond. Alcock argued that Walker failed to disclose that Harris had a drinking problem and that Alcock had been forced to try to sell him again in \"the southern states.\"","Estate suit. Centers around the estate of George Wythe and the property originally entailed to his great-nephew George Sweeney, who was tried for Wythe's murder in a famous 1806 Richmond court case. Includes as evidence a copy of Wythes's will and the codicil in which he disinherited Sweeney after being poisoned. The will outlines the support that was supposed to be given to Lydia Broadnax, a free Black woman who lived with Wythe and who was barred from testifying about his murder, and Michael Brown, a free Black boy who also lived with Wythe and was murdered alongside him. This included a personal request for Thomas Jefferson to act as Brown's patron.","Estate suit involving the estate of antislavery activist Robert Pleasants. Includes as evidence a copy of Pleasants' will, which includes several sections regarding people who had been previously manumitted by him or by the Pleasants vs Pleasants court case. These sections outline their future support, rights to remain, and lives on the settlement at Gravelly Hills. The will also outlines his plans for a school for Black children at Gravelly Hills to be established and funded from his estate.","Freedom suit. Nanny and her son Moses were suing for their freedom on the grounds that Nanny's mother, Sally Lawson, was the descendent of a Cherokee woman named Sukey. See also: Sally ~ et al. vs Joseph Perkins, Charlottesville District Court 1808 (filed with Albemarle Co. Judgments)","Freedom suit. Daphne Lawson, an enslaved woman, petitioned the court for her freedom under the argument that she had been illegally purchased by Robert McCracken despite having already been legally guaranteed emancipation.","Estate suit requesting the sale two enslaved people for being \"difficult to manage and in the habit of frequently running away.\" One of the enslaved individuals, George, was able to succesfully present himself as a free man and was hired as a cook on board a schooner bound for New York.","Contract suit requesting permission to sell an enslaved teenage boy, Hiram, after he attempted to escape Virginia on board a vessel bound for a northern state. The plaintiff references an unnamed individual in the community who Hiram had a close relationship with. She believed that this person had helped convince him to make the escape attempt and would continue to help Hiram run away if he remained in her custody.","Estate suit centered around Jefferson, an enslaved man who was described as being \"addicted to running away.\" The suit describes mulltiple attempts by Jefferson, or Jeff, to escape enslavement while he was hired out to various individuals or businesses. The suit also describes his various arrests and time spent in jail.","Estate suit centered around the will of Moses Brooks. Brooks was the enslaver of three of his grandchildren: Samson Brooks, Lucy Ann Brooks, and Peter Willis. His plan was that his estate hire out all three of the children for an extended period of time after his death, and that the money from their labor should go to support his white wife and children. After their respective work periods were completed, they were supposed to be sent to a \"free state\". Peter Willis's work was also supposed to support his mother Mary Ann Brooks, but there is no other information given about her legal status and how she related to the rest of the family. ","Freedom suit involving an enslaved man, Richard Meredith, who had been sold by his enslaver to his wife, a free Black woman named Caty Mundowney, under the condition that she \"should set him free and never sell him or give him to another.\" Richard claimed that Caty had never formally emancipated him while she was alive, even though she had been contractually obligated to by the bill of sale. Also includes documentation of an unsuccesful freedom suit for an enslaved woman named Mary Ann Brooks.","Estate suit that includes a high number of notable records types, including: the free papers of a woman named Catharine Fitzamore, daughter of Sally Fitzamore of Fluvanna County; a genealogical chart that not only tracks the testator's descendents but also if/when they migrated out of Virginia; and a collection of broadsides from the Grand Divisions of the Sons of Temperance of Virginia. Also touches on the inheritance rights of illegitimate children.","Estate suit discussing the care of T. J. Brumfield's children after the deaths of both of their parents. Lucy Brumfield, a five year old girl, was placed into the Orphan Asylum despite having living relatives. The curator attempted to place her eight year old brother Joseph in the Orphan Asylum as well, but they rejected him and his grandmother Mary H. Brumfield was unwillingly obliged to temporarily take him in. ","Estate suit that largely focuses on the plaintiffs' inheritance of Mahala, an enslaved woman. Mahala suffered from what the records referred to as a \"violent case of epilepsy.\" The suit includes several records documenting her illness and medical care, including her visits to a medical college for treatment.","Contract suit most notable for the 1851 will of John Sheppard included as an exhibit. John Sheppard was a landowner and magistrate who lived and raised a family with Sally Randolph, a free Black woman, for many years. In his will, he stipulated that Sally should immediately be given $1000 after his death \"to enable her to remove herself and children to such place as she may desire.\" He then stated that the whole rest of his estate should be sold and the proceeds divided between Sally and their eight children. John also took extra steps to protect the property rights of their daughters, stipulating that \"the shares severally divided herein before to my natural daughters shall be held by them upon their marriage to their sole separate use, as though each were a feme sole free from the control, contracted debts or liabilities of their respective hubands.\"","Contract suit that centers around a piece of property that was intended to be conveyed by the plaintiffs to the defendants. This property was located along the road leading from Charles City County to Richmond City, and over the course of the Civil War the property in question and all of the building thereon were destroyed and used for timber by both the Confederate and Union armies.","Estate initiated by a free Black family prior to the beginning of the Civil War, which was reopened following the war's conclusion. During the course of the suit, the white commissioner was accused of selling the decedent's property and keeping the proceeds for his own use rather than giving it to the family.","Divorce suit in which the plaintiff Jacob Freyfogel accused his wife Mary of being unfaithful to him. John presented as evidence a child who was born more than a year after Jacob had been imprisoned for murder and who Jacob claimed was multiracial. Several deponents also provided accounts of how one of Mary's alleged partners, a man named Jacob Ford, was attacked next door to Mary's house and died inside of her home. ","Suit centers around a debate as to has the rights to govern St. John's German Lutheran Church according to the church's constitution. Includes descriptions of efforts taken by all parties to undermine one another, including one group who broke into the church and changed all of the locks to prevent the other group from entering. ","Contract suit in which Daniel Jennings accused his former guardian, Andrew S. Padgett, of manipulating him into signing away his inherited property while Jennings was serving in the Confederate Army.","Contract suit surrounding a deed made between a free Black man, Thomas Charles, and George W. Barker while Virginia was part of the Confederacy. Thomas Charles was convicted of larceny and sentenced to be sold into enslavement. George W. Barker agreed to purchase and free him, with Thomas Charles using his own personal property as collatoral for the purchase money. After his death, George W. Barker claimed that the property had been signed over to him outright and that the money paid by Thomas Charles's widow Mahala Fults for the debt was actually rent.","Divorce suit. Included in the suit is an 1866 indictment against the wife, Isabella Alley, \"for lewd and lascivious cohabitation with a negro man.\"","Debt suit. Defendant Henry R. Cronie claimed that he had a difficult time paying the debt in question because he had been driven from the county during the Civil War under the threat of \"mob violence\" after being accused of being an abolitionist.","Estate suit. George Roane, who had been enslaved prior to the end of the war, had been willed a yearly legacy from the estate of his former master, William A. Christian. Christian's administrator had recently begun to refuse to pay Roane the allotted sum. The administrator argued that because Christian had willed Roane the annual sum but didn't free him, the funds were intended to be compensation for his services during his enslavement. The estate was therefore no longer liable, given that Roane was no longer enslaved following the Civil War.","Contract suit. Concerns Israel Brown, a formerly enslaved man who was sentenced to deportation for attacking a white man and was pardoned following the Civil War. Includes a copy of record for Brown's sentence and later pardon from the Richmond Hustings Court.","Estate suit. The decedent, James Price, was a captain in the Continental Line during the American Revolution. A portion of the records in this suit pertain to the property he gained from his Virginia Military Land Warrant for his service.","Divorce suit. Plaintiff Magdelena Frank accused her husband William of physical abuse that escalated to the point of almost killing one of their grandchildren. Magdelena owned a grocery and bar room where her husband worked and was often seen drinking, until she obtained a peace warrant that prevented him from entering her property. William justified his actions towards his wife by saying that \"he would be a good man if Mrs. Frank would stay at home and let him attend to the outside business.\" Both sides accused the other of infidelity with various acquaintences and neighbors. ","Divorce suit in which complainant files first bill in 1871, charging husband’s excessive and frequent abuse of her and her infant child. Asks the court for a divorce and to compel him to sell his property and provide compensation before he squandered it all. Second bill in 1871 alleges that husband agreed to live separately and had agreed to sell property and provide for wife and child if she would drop the suit. Child became sick and died, and she alleges husband paid for no care nor burial expenses, and she feared he would use proceeds of property sale to return to Europe from “whence he came.” He ostensibly did so, and paid her nothing. ","Estate suit. Commissioners’ reports and depositions reference enslaved people, including dates of purchase and amounts paid for named enslaved people. One 1863 report notes that: “The slaves are family servants and, though most of them are women and children, they produce to the estate annually more income, in proportion to their value than the real estate which has been sold or that is unsold—Indeed the real estate that remains unsold, being unimproved, produces no income whatever. Mrs. Hutcheson the widow, with her family of little children, is keeping house and needs dome of the servants to wait on her and them. If the slaves were sold to pay debts, other servants would have to be hired to wait on the family.” 1859 deposition includes ages and other details of individual enslaved people, such as “Phoebe’s value is impaired by a gun shot wound in the lower jaw.”\n","Estate dispute referencing specific bequest to “Chickahominy Tribe No. 34, Improved Order of Red Men.”\n","Estate dispute regarding executor failing to deposit funds from proceeds of sales of enslaved people in the 1860s, as well as dispute over legal title to said enslaved people prior to their having been sold. Early deposition notes: “Henry is now in jail…it would be unsafe to release him before a sale as he might escape to a free state.” Prior suits from City of Richmond and Charles City County are included as exhibits. 1876 statement by Richmond City clerk references loss of papers from 1857 suite of Mary Jordan vs. Jordan etc. due to April 1865 fire, but there are some references to this case in these extant records.\n"," Estate dispute involving mismanagement of funds. Confederate currency was problematic and mismanagement was described as “the result and creature of excited pride and passions of the war then raging at its highest.\"\n","Divorce case in which wife seeks divorce on grounds of her husband’s efforts to defraud her of property. Husband abandoned her when she would not sign over her homestead deed. \n","Estate dispute which included land and several named enslaved people in Marengo County, Alabama dating from 1848.\n","Debt case in which defendant is the John T. Ford of what became the famous Ford’s Theater where Abraham Lincoln was shot. Here, Ford was in Richmond in 1849 and was indebted to the boot and shoe firm of Hubbard, Gardner, and Carlton for hundreds of dollars’ worth of shoes. He later left town and ostensibly neglected his debt, returning briefly in 1852 at which time suit was filed against him, with judgment for the plaintiffs. Exhibit attached to deposition of W.P. Shields for the plaintiffs were transcriptions of advertisements that were to have run in the Daily Richmond Whig in March 1852 regarding Kunkel’s Nightingale Ethiopian Opera Troupe of which Ford was business manager. Records of the judgments against Ford were destroyed during the Civil War and the burning of Richmond. The most recent decree in the cause (1878) indicated that Ford planned to appeal, so it was ordered that the decree be suspended for 60 days, with $100 bond. No further action evident in cause.\n","Estate dispute in which plat references difficulty of obtaining accurate lines due to effects of Civil War battles.\n","Husband sought divorce in 1867 alleging adultery and in 1879 a second bill sought annulment on grounds of wife’s alleged bigamy. He refers to his wife as a “woman of color” and says that they “occupied relation of man and wife.” Union was recognized legally by Feb. 27, 1866. Depositions of defendant’s sister and brother in law reference the evacuation of Richmond in 1866. \n","Debt case in which one deponent named Nelson Turner is described as “colored” and who was a carpenter who worked on the complainant’s house/construction: “I served my apprenticeship with Caleb Turner of Mecklenburg.  Am now sixty two years old and have been working at the carpenter’s business ever since I was large enough to turn a grind-stone.”\n","Debt case in which plaintiff also references judgment: City of Richmond Freedmans Court vs. Exr. William Stewart, etc. Affidavit references Thomas Stewart and William Stewart as brothers. Property on Mechanicsville Turnpike.\n","Divorce case in which husband alleges abandonment. Married in Germany in 1866 as per marriage certificate. Couple had two (or three) children in Henrico County. Wife returned to Germany and remained there with two children. Wife wrote several detailed letters in English to husband and to her in-laws regarding life in Germany and family information. Husband alleges a third child was abandoned and died; letters do not reference that.\n \n","Divorce case which references wife’s alleged adultery and sex work with nearby Federal troops in 1865, and her subsequent abandonment in 1866 when troops left.\n","Dispute in which plaintiff seeks injunction to prevent City of Richmond from purchasing property known as the Hanes Farm for establishing a smallpox hospital separate from the general hospital in Richmond. Plat is detailed and includes lunatic asylum location.\n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s will includes named enslaved people and land/property in Virginia and Alabama. \n  \n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s post-Civil War will includes financial bequests to “faithful servants” and gives much detail regarding personal jewelry made from various family member/ancestors’ hair, as well as specific personal property and its history with family members/ancestors.\n","Dispute over the use of an unregistered tobacco trademark. Complainants sell “To-To” tobacco; defendants have been selling “Ta-Ta” tobacco, both seals of which are quite similar. Exhibits include a packet of Ta-Ta tobacco.\n  \n","Defendant is alleged to have married a white woman out of state, he being a \"colored man.\" Both were non-residents of Virginia. Regarding a debt from a judgment from U.S. Supreme Court.\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes the 1850 will of Curtis Carter in which he names certain enslaved people and specifies that the named father of two named enslaved boys should be permitted to purchase them within two years at a certain price. \n  \n","Debt suit in which wife sold her inherited property to help pay husband’s debts, and alleges that husband did not uphold his contractual agreements to pay his debts nor to protect interests of his wife and family. Over 40 named enslaved persons, and some family relationships, are referenced in pre-1865 deed exhibits.\n  \n","Debt case in which the editor/proprietor of The Southern Planter and Farmer allegedly owed a $1,100.00 debt to said bank in 1880, allegedly “absconding” from the state, abandoning the newspaper offices and its contents, thus discontinuing the newspaper.  \n","Divorce suit in which complainant’s husband was complainant’s father’s committee, and during the complainant's father's lifetime and after his death, complainant's husband allegedly sold some properties and did not invest the funds in her name, thus taking the money as his own. Husband alleges that complainant had previously suffered from depression and mental instability.\n  \n","Contains an 1841 deed references 1829 deed with several named enslaved people from Gwyn's Island in Mathews County, as well as conveyances of some of those enslaved people in 1829, one of whom was recorded in King and Queen County. This 1841 deed notes that Henry \"from soem cause unknown will either elope or destroy himself, having attempted several times lately to drown himself.\" Later deeds reference more named enslaved people.\n  \n","Complainant seeks injunction preventing defendant from cashing out the proceeds of a property purchase, arguing that defendant sold property to complainant with unclear title, as per an outstanding will, which required owner of property to potentially pay an annuity to a relative under certain conditions. Complainant charges that defendant was aware of this and intentionally witheld that information. Property was to be used for constructing a home for \"indigent Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors.\"\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes correspondence as exhibits, one of which is  9 Jan 1866 letter from the defendant to the decedant Sheppard in which he specifically states that he has hired \"six good negro men to labor on the farm. I know them well and think they will labor industriously. I have had the management of the greater part of them, on my Mother's farm, before the war. As a general rule, I don't think free labor reliable, but such as I have, with families, can be relied on to remain the entire year. I pay $7.50 per month for them.\" In an earlier letteer of 9 Dec 1865, Blanton also mentions the charactar of an acquaintance with whom he \"served three years together in the Army.\"\n  \n","Divorce cause in which wife asserts excessive physical abuse from her husband, and her having worked to pay for most of the mortgage on the house. Seeks alimony also. Deposition of Wesley Jones recounts an instance when Harris' husband came home and demanded she give him the deed to their house, and ostensibly her reply was \"the white people had it,\" to which he said \"I want you to bring my deed home, if you don't bring it home I will make you do it you devil you,\" and the deponent reported that Harris \"struck her with his fist about the face, her lip was swollen up...he drew an iron poker and said you devil you I am a great mind to kill you.\"  The interviewer then questioned the deponent regarding whether Mrs. Harris had attended to her duties as a wife... Other depositions also. Decree included alimony, and, if not paid, to sell the property and the commissioners would deposit it in an account to be used as annual payments for Mrs. Harris. \n","Estate dispute regarding property whereby decedent died with out a will. According to depositions, decedent and disputants were persons of color. Depositions also reference family relationships of decedent's heirs.\n","Decedent's will (written in 1879, probated 1884) specifies that she is a married woman with property of her own to bequeath. Will includes specific bequests to family members and \"to Ned Banks, a colored boy whom I raised, five acres of land…upon condition that he shall remain with and work for myself and husband during our lives and the live of the survivors of us, without charge...After his death...the said five acres shall return to my estate...\"\n","Estate dispute whereby a son is suing his father (who is also his guardian), for the father's alleged negligence in providing his son and daughter their fair share of their estate. Court documents note that \"The suit is one of a peculier character...by a young and vigorous man...against his aged father...If the plaintiff is entitled to his pound of flesh the court will give it to him...but rules of law (will be applied) strictly.\" Father quotes a poem: \"How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child.\" Documents also discuss the enslaved people who were emancipated after the war and how that also decreased the value of the estate sought by the son. \n","Debt suit relating to Richmond cigar manufacturers, including details of cigar manufacturing business and inventory; several cigar brands listed, and prices (1886).\n","Estate dispute dating to 1838, in which decedent's will names 130+ enslaved persons and their relationships to one another. Originated in Petersburg and appealed in Richmond City Circuit court of Appeals 1861, and was revived in Nottoway 1877 and at some point to Henrico, then removed from the docket there in 1887.\n","Divorce suit in which the couple are Black and had been cohabitating since prior to the 1866 law allowing for cohabitating couples to be considered married. Both accuse each other of adultery. Complainant is referenced as having been a barber and a minister at Westwood Baptist Church in Henrico County, with property in Henrico County. Statements and depositions include information regarding neighbors and their occupations; one deponent is the half-brother of the complainant, and provides information regarding family members living out of state. Another deponent claims to have purchased the complainant's barber shop business, and his deposers repeatedly ask where and how he obtained or saved enough money to purchase it outright.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond, especially the house of Martha Webb on Marshall Street near 15th Street and a \"common house on Poplar Street kept by a colored woman named Sue\" and Miss Georgia Brown in Locust Alley, and Ann Dean's.\n","Complainants seek title/deed of property purchased by them from Louisa Doxtater, administrator and widow of Philander Doxtater.  Decree orders that property be officially transferred to complainants. Original 1886 deed specifies that Charlotte Friend, wife of Peter Friend, is the grantee/purchaser, not her her husband. Charlotte Friend is referenced as colored.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond. Includes a letter from anonymous source to wife informing her of this. She instituted divorce suit shortly thereafter.\n","Debt suit involving circus property, including live animals. Newspaper article details the suit; some property is in Richmond, some in Henrico. Includes inventory of live animals, information regarding the treatment of animals while awaiting sale, and receipts for some animals sold.\n","Estate suit involving property divisions dating prior to Civil War. Deeds reference named enslaved persons and some family relationships. Suit was heard by Virgnia Supreme Court of Appeals.\n","Suit of trespass in which several plaintiffs seek to prevent Wade \u0026 Chewning from extending Hanover Street through property through which it had not officially been constructed. Bill, answers, depositions, etc. describe physical characteristics of adjacent properties. Property owners and/or intersted parties include R.E. Lee Camp #1 Confederate Veterans, and suit references property south of Boulevard. Also includes specifications for construction of that portion of Hanover Street, and an oversized plat is included. References to improper drainage and potential health hazards.\n","Suit brought against the owner of a soap factory in a residential neighborhood who accused him of creating a \"public nuisance\" due to the smell of large amounts of animal remains he brought onto his property to make the soap. More than fifty residents and visitors who had passed through the area provided depositions about the effects of the \"dead animal factory\" on the community.\n","Divorce suit. Sylvester Willis accused his wife of adultery, and for his evidence claimed that after cohabiting with her he contracted \"that lothsome veneral secreat disease known as Clap,\" which he could only have gotten from her, and that \"this disease was given to his wife by one of her nearest relatives.\" He also leaned on contemporary fears of miscegenation in his accusations against his wife by further claiming that while she was working in a factory \"her conduct with negro men was so reprehensive that her employer or his agent drove her away from the factory in disgrace.\"\n","The county of Henrico initiated a suit against the city of Richmond after the city purchased a farm in Henrico County with the intention of building a smallpox hospital on the property. Henrico County claimed that Richmond had not informed them of their plans for the property prior to the purchase, violating state laws, and that they would not have allowed the purchase if they had known the true reason. The intended site of the hospital was close to a \"small village\" of Black residents and a predominately Black cemetery, according to a deponent. Included in the suit was a discussion of the city's previous housing and treatment of smallpox victims and plans for their future care, and meeting records for the Board of Supervisors for both the city of Richmond and Henrico County.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1770-1965"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfer of court papers from Henrico County under an undated accession. Additional records were transferred to the Library of Virginia from the Henrico County Circuit Court in 1940 under accession number 21718.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["184.4 cu. ft. (387 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1890-1912 are indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availabilty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Chancery Causes from 1913-1965 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availabililty.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Chancery Causes 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting.","Chancery Causes 1890-1912 are indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed but not scanned. Contact Archives Research Services for availabilty.","Additional Chancery Causes from 1913-1965 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availabililty."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","Arrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext of Record type:\u003c/title\u003e Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/title\u003e Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLost Locality Notes:\u003c/title\u003e All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post-Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865 in the Civil War. The county's circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context of Record type:  Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county seat is in the western part of the county.\n","Lost Locality Notes:  All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post-Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865 in the Civil War. The county's circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965. (Cite style of suit and chancery index no.). Local Government Records Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965. (Cite style of suit and chancery index no.). Local Government Records Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChancery causes for the years 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting. The index remains available for research purposes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1912, were initially processed by Library of Virginia staff in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes, 1770-1889, were processed again by Library of Virginia staff to bring the collection up to the new standards which include capturing additional information, such as causes of action and thematic topics, in 2023-2025.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed, but not scanned. At this time, there are no plans to digitize these records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional post-1912 records are unprocessed. At this time, there are no plans to process these records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by. S. Bagely: 2009; updated by J. Taylor: February 2023; updated by M. Long: December 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Chancery causes for the years 1770-1889 are currently closed for reformatting. The index remains available for research purposes.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1912, were initially processed by Library of Virginia staff in 2009.","Chancery Causes, 1770-1889, were processed again by Library of Virginia staff to bring the collection up to the new standards which include capturing additional information, such as causes of action and thematic topics, in 2023-2025.","Select Chancery Causes from 1913-1955 have been processed and indexed, but not scanned. At this time, there are no plans to digitize these records.","Additional post-1912 records are unprocessed. At this time, there are no plans to process these records.","Encoded by. S. Bagely: 2009; updated by J. Taylor: February 2023; updated by M. Long: December 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi06208.xml;\"\u003e \"A Guide to the Henrico County (Va.) Business Records, 1803-1898.\"\u003c/extref\u003e a list of business records which may include exhibits in chancery suits.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.","See also:   \"A Guide to the Henrico County (Va.) Business Records, 1803-1898.\"  a list of business records which may include exhibits in chancery suits."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is a substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals. Specifically, there are many cases concerning estate disputes over enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the cases from the 1780s-1790s are related to William Byrd III's lottery of his property in the late 1760s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCases beginning in the 1850s consist of a higher than average number of estate suits involving free Black and Multiracial individuals and families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe defendant in this debt suit is Carter Braxton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit. Joseph B. Abrahams attacked a free Black man, Peter Haley. Abrahams argued that this attack was justified because Haley had insulted Abrahams' wife, and \"such a state of insubordination in a man of his colour would well justify the deed.\" Haley took Abrahams to court for this attack and won a judgment against Abrahams. Abrahams claimed that Haley only won the case because he had tricked Abrahams into not appearing in court, and that therefore he shouldn't have to pay Haley the settlement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit. The case centered around a group of French-American trading vessels, particularly the vessel La Ville de Bordeaux, which were caught up in the war between France and Great Britain in the 1790s. Ownership was split between John Lynch, an American citizen, and John Bernard, a French citizen, and the issue was further complicated when two unrelated Americans were given control of the ship during the war. This was intended to be a temporay trust to prevent the ship from having to fly French colors and potentially becoming a military target, but the trustees violated their agreement by selling the ship in India without permission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit centered around an enslaved man named James Harris. John Alcock claimed that Alexander Walker, one of the defendants, had sold him Harris by promising that Harris was a skilled painter who wanted to be closer to his mother, who was enslaved in Richmond. Alcock argued that Walker failed to disclose that Harris had a drinking problem and that Alcock had been forced to try to sell him again in \"the southern states.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. Centers around the estate of George Wythe and the property originally entailed to his great-nephew George Sweeney, who was tried for Wythe's murder in a famous 1806 Richmond court case. Includes as evidence a copy of Wythes's will and the codicil in which he disinherited Sweeney after being poisoned. The will outlines the support that was supposed to be given to Lydia Broadnax, a free Black woman who lived with Wythe and who was barred from testifying about his murder, and Michael Brown, a free Black boy who also lived with Wythe and was murdered alongside him. This included a personal request for Thomas Jefferson to act as Brown's patron.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit involving the estate of antislavery activist Robert Pleasants. Includes as evidence a copy of Pleasants' will, which includes several sections regarding people who had been previously manumitted by him or by the Pleasants vs Pleasants court case. These sections outline their future support, rights to remain, and lives on the settlement at Gravelly Hills. The will also outlines his plans for a school for Black children at Gravelly Hills to be established and funded from his estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreedom suit. Nanny and her son Moses were suing for their freedom on the grounds that Nanny's mother, Sally Lawson, was the descendent of a Cherokee woman named Sukey. See also: Sally ~ et al. vs Joseph Perkins, Charlottesville District Court 1808 (filed with Albemarle Co. Judgments)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreedom suit. Daphne Lawson, an enslaved woman, petitioned the court for her freedom under the argument that she had been illegally purchased by Robert McCracken despite having already been legally guaranteed emancipation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit requesting the sale two enslaved people for being \"difficult to manage and in the habit of frequently running away.\" One of the enslaved individuals, George, was able to succesfully present himself as a free man and was hired as a cook on board a schooner bound for New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit requesting permission to sell an enslaved teenage boy, Hiram, after he attempted to escape Virginia on board a vessel bound for a northern state. The plaintiff references an unnamed individual in the community who Hiram had a close relationship with. She believed that this person had helped convince him to make the escape attempt and would continue to help Hiram run away if he remained in her custody.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit centered around Jefferson, an enslaved man who was described as being \"addicted to running away.\" The suit describes mulltiple attempts by Jefferson, or Jeff, to escape enslavement while he was hired out to various individuals or businesses. The suit also describes his various arrests and time spent in jail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit centered around the will of Moses Brooks. Brooks was the enslaver of three of his grandchildren: Samson Brooks, Lucy Ann Brooks, and Peter Willis. His plan was that his estate hire out all three of the children for an extended period of time after his death, and that the money from their labor should go to support his white wife and children. After their respective work periods were completed, they were supposed to be sent to a \"free state\". Peter Willis's work was also supposed to support his mother Mary Ann Brooks, but there is no other information given about her legal status and how she related to the rest of the family. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreedom suit involving an enslaved man, Richard Meredith, who had been sold by his enslaver to his wife, a free Black woman named Caty Mundowney, under the condition that she \"should set him free and never sell him or give him to another.\" Richard claimed that Caty had never formally emancipated him while she was alive, even though she had been contractually obligated to by the bill of sale. Also includes documentation of an unsuccesful freedom suit for an enslaved woman named Mary Ann Brooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit that includes a high number of notable records types, including: the free papers of a woman named Catharine Fitzamore, daughter of Sally Fitzamore of Fluvanna County; a genealogical chart that not only tracks the testator's descendents but also if/when they migrated out of Virginia; and a collection of broadsides from the Grand Divisions of the Sons of Temperance of Virginia. Also touches on the inheritance rights of illegitimate children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit discussing the care of T. J. Brumfield's children after the deaths of both of their parents. Lucy Brumfield, a five year old girl, was placed into the Orphan Asylum despite having living relatives. The curator attempted to place her eight year old brother Joseph in the Orphan Asylum as well, but they rejected him and his grandmother Mary H. Brumfield was unwillingly obliged to temporarily take him in. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit that largely focuses on the plaintiffs' inheritance of Mahala, an enslaved woman. Mahala suffered from what the records referred to as a \"violent case of epilepsy.\" The suit includes several records documenting her illness and medical care, including her visits to a medical college for treatment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit most notable for the 1851 will of John Sheppard included as an exhibit. John Sheppard was a landowner and magistrate who lived and raised a family with Sally Randolph, a free Black woman, for many years. In his will, he stipulated that Sally should immediately be given $1000 after his death \"to enable her to remove herself and children to such place as she may desire.\" He then stated that the whole rest of his estate should be sold and the proceeds divided between Sally and their eight children. John also took extra steps to protect the property rights of their daughters, stipulating that \"the shares severally divided herein before to my natural daughters shall be held by them upon their marriage to their sole separate use, as though each were a feme sole free from the control, contracted debts or liabilities of their respective hubands.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit that centers around a piece of property that was intended to be conveyed by the plaintiffs to the defendants. This property was located along the road leading from Charles City County to Richmond City, and over the course of the Civil War the property in question and all of the building thereon were destroyed and used for timber by both the Confederate and Union armies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate initiated by a free Black family prior to the beginning of the Civil War, which was reopened following the war's conclusion. During the course of the suit, the white commissioner was accused of selling the decedent's property and keeping the proceeds for his own use rather than giving it to the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which the plaintiff Jacob Freyfogel accused his wife Mary of being unfaithful to him. John presented as evidence a child who was born more than a year after Jacob had been imprisoned for murder and who Jacob claimed was multiracial. Several deponents also provided accounts of how one of Mary's alleged partners, a man named Jacob Ford, was attacked next door to Mary's house and died inside of her home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit centers around a debate as to has the rights to govern St. John's German Lutheran Church according to the church's constitution. Includes descriptions of efforts taken by all parties to undermine one another, including one group who broke into the church and changed all of the locks to prevent the other group from entering. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit in which Daniel Jennings accused his former guardian, Andrew S. Padgett, of manipulating him into signing away his inherited property while Jennings was serving in the Confederate Army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit surrounding a deed made between a free Black man, Thomas Charles, and George W. Barker while Virginia was part of the Confederacy. Thomas Charles was convicted of larceny and sentenced to be sold into enslavement. George W. Barker agreed to purchase and free him, with Thomas Charles using his own personal property as collatoral for the purchase money. After his death, George W. Barker claimed that the property had been signed over to him outright and that the money paid by Thomas Charles's widow Mahala Fults for the debt was actually rent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit. Included in the suit is an 1866 indictment against the wife, Isabella Alley, \"for lewd and lascivious cohabitation with a negro man.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit. Defendant Henry R. Cronie claimed that he had a difficult time paying the debt in question because he had been driven from the county during the Civil War under the threat of \"mob violence\" after being accused of being an abolitionist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. George Roane, who had been enslaved prior to the end of the war, had been willed a yearly legacy from the estate of his former master, William A. Christian. Christian's administrator had recently begun to refuse to pay Roane the allotted sum. The administrator argued that because Christian had willed Roane the annual sum but didn't free him, the funds were intended to be compensation for his services during his enslavement. The estate was therefore no longer liable, given that Roane was no longer enslaved following the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract suit. Concerns Israel Brown, a formerly enslaved man who was sentenced to deportation for attacking a white man and was pardoned following the Civil War. Includes a copy of record for Brown's sentence and later pardon from the Richmond Hustings Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. The decedent, James Price, was a captain in the Continental Line during the American Revolution. A portion of the records in this suit pertain to the property he gained from his Virginia Military Land Warrant for his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit. Plaintiff Magdelena Frank accused her husband William of physical abuse that escalated to the point of almost killing one of their grandchildren. Magdelena owned a grocery and bar room where her husband worked and was often seen drinking, until she obtained a peace warrant that prevented him from entering her property. William justified his actions towards his wife by saying that \"he would be a good man if Mrs. Frank would stay at home and let him attend to the outside business.\" Both sides accused the other of infidelity with various acquaintences and neighbors. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which complainant files first bill in 1871, charging husband’s excessive and frequent abuse of her and her infant child. Asks the court for a divorce and to compel him to sell his property and provide compensation before he squandered it all. Second bill in 1871 alleges that husband agreed to live separately and had agreed to sell property and provide for wife and child if she would drop the suit. Child became sick and died, and she alleges husband paid for no care nor burial expenses, and she feared he would use proceeds of property sale to return to Europe from “whence he came.” He ostensibly did so, and paid her nothing. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit. Commissioners’ reports and depositions reference enslaved people, including dates of purchase and amounts paid for named enslaved people. One 1863 report notes that: “The slaves are family servants and, though most of them are women and children, they produce to the estate annually more income, in proportion to their value than the real estate which has been sold or that is unsold—Indeed the real estate that remains unsold, being unimproved, produces no income whatever. Mrs. Hutcheson the widow, with her family of little children, is keeping house and needs dome of the servants to wait on her and them. If the slaves were sold to pay debts, other servants would have to be hired to wait on the family.” 1859 deposition includes ages and other details of individual enslaved people, such as “Phoebe’s value is impaired by a gun shot wound in the lower jaw.”\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute referencing specific bequest to “Chickahominy Tribe No. 34, Improved Order of Red Men.”\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute regarding executor failing to deposit funds from proceeds of sales of enslaved people in the 1860s, as well as dispute over legal title to said enslaved people prior to their having been sold. Early deposition notes: “Henry is now in jail…it would be unsafe to release him before a sale as he might escape to a free state.” Prior suits from City of Richmond and Charles City County are included as exhibits. 1876 statement by Richmond City clerk references loss of papers from 1857 suite of Mary Jordan vs. Jordan etc. due to April 1865 fire, but there are some references to this case in these extant records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Estate dispute involving mismanagement of funds. Confederate currency was problematic and mismanagement was described as “the result and creature of excited pride and passions of the war then raging at its highest.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce case in which wife seeks divorce on grounds of her husband’s efforts to defraud her of property. Husband abandoned her when she would not sign over her homestead deed. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute which included land and several named enslaved people in Marengo County, Alabama dating from 1848.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which defendant is the John T. Ford of what became the famous Ford’s Theater where Abraham Lincoln was shot. Here, Ford was in Richmond in 1849 and was indebted to the boot and shoe firm of Hubbard, Gardner, and Carlton for hundreds of dollars’ worth of shoes. He later left town and ostensibly neglected his debt, returning briefly in 1852 at which time suit was filed against him, with judgment for the plaintiffs. Exhibit attached to deposition of W.P. Shields for the plaintiffs were transcriptions of advertisements that were to have run in the Daily Richmond Whig in March 1852 regarding Kunkel’s Nightingale Ethiopian Opera Troupe of which Ford was business manager. Records of the judgments against Ford were destroyed during the Civil War and the burning of Richmond. The most recent decree in the cause (1878) indicated that Ford planned to appeal, so it was ordered that the decree be suspended for 60 days, with $100 bond. No further action evident in cause.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute in which plat references difficulty of obtaining accurate lines due to effects of Civil War battles.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHusband sought divorce in 1867 alleging adultery and in 1879 a second bill sought annulment on grounds of wife’s alleged bigamy. He refers to his wife as a “woman of color” and says that they “occupied relation of man and wife.” Union was recognized legally by Feb. 27, 1866. Depositions of defendant’s sister and brother in law reference the evacuation of Richmond in 1866. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which one deponent named Nelson Turner is described as “colored” and who was a carpenter who worked on the complainant’s house/construction: “I served my apprenticeship with Caleb Turner of Mecklenburg.  Am now sixty two years old and have been working at the carpenter’s business ever since I was large enough to turn a grind-stone.”\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which plaintiff also references judgment: City of Richmond Freedmans Court vs. Exr. William Stewart, etc. Affidavit references Thomas Stewart and William Stewart as brothers. Property on Mechanicsville Turnpike.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce case in which husband alleges abandonment. Married in Germany in 1866 as per marriage certificate. Couple had two (or three) children in Henrico County. Wife returned to Germany and remained there with two children. Wife wrote several detailed letters in English to husband and to her in-laws regarding life in Germany and family information. Husband alleges a third child was abandoned and died; letters do not reference that.\n \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce case which references wife’s alleged adultery and sex work with nearby Federal troops in 1865, and her subsequent abandonment in 1866 when troops left.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDispute in which plaintiff seeks injunction to prevent City of Richmond from purchasing property known as the Hanes Farm for establishing a smallpox hospital separate from the general hospital in Richmond. Plat is detailed and includes lunatic asylum location.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute in which decedent’s will includes named enslaved people and land/property in Virginia and Alabama. \n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute in which decedent’s post-Civil War will includes financial bequests to “faithful servants” and gives much detail regarding personal jewelry made from various family member/ancestors’ hair, as well as specific personal property and its history with family members/ancestors.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDispute over the use of an unregistered tobacco trademark. Complainants sell “To-To” tobacco; defendants have been selling “Ta-Ta” tobacco, both seals of which are quite similar. Exhibits include a packet of Ta-Ta tobacco.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDefendant is alleged to have married a white woman out of state, he being a \"colored man.\" Both were non-residents of Virginia. Regarding a debt from a judgment from U.S. Supreme Court.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute that includes the 1850 will of Curtis Carter in which he names certain enslaved people and specifies that the named father of two named enslaved boys should be permitted to purchase them within two years at a certain price. \n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit in which wife sold her inherited property to help pay husband’s debts, and alleges that husband did not uphold his contractual agreements to pay his debts nor to protect interests of his wife and family. Over 40 named enslaved persons, and some family relationships, are referenced in pre-1865 deed exhibits.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt case in which the editor/proprietor of The Southern Planter and Farmer allegedly owed a $1,100.00 debt to said bank in 1880, allegedly “absconding” from the state, abandoning the newspaper offices and its contents, thus discontinuing the newspaper.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which complainant’s husband was complainant’s father’s committee, and during the complainant's father's lifetime and after his death, complainant's husband allegedly sold some properties and did not invest the funds in her name, thus taking the money as his own. Husband alleges that complainant had previously suffered from depression and mental instability.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains an 1841 deed references 1829 deed with several named enslaved people from Gwyn's Island in Mathews County, as well as conveyances of some of those enslaved people in 1829, one of whom was recorded in King and Queen County. This 1841 deed notes that Henry \"from soem cause unknown will either elope or destroy himself, having attempted several times lately to drown himself.\" Later deeds reference more named enslaved people.\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplainant seeks injunction preventing defendant from cashing out the proceeds of a property purchase, arguing that defendant sold property to complainant with unclear title, as per an outstanding will, which required owner of property to potentially pay an annuity to a relative under certain conditions. Complainant charges that defendant was aware of this and intentionally witheld that information. Property was to be used for constructing a home for \"indigent Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors.\"\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute that includes correspondence as exhibits, one of which is  9 Jan 1866 letter from the defendant to the decedant Sheppard in which he specifically states that he has hired \"six good negro men to labor on the farm. I know them well and think they will labor industriously. I have had the management of the greater part of them, on my Mother's farm, before the war. As a general rule, I don't think free labor reliable, but such as I have, with families, can be relied on to remain the entire year. I pay $7.50 per month for them.\" In an earlier letteer of 9 Dec 1865, Blanton also mentions the charactar of an acquaintance with whom he \"served three years together in the Army.\"\n  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce cause in which wife asserts excessive physical abuse from her husband, and her having worked to pay for most of the mortgage on the house. Seeks alimony also. Deposition of Wesley Jones recounts an instance when Harris' husband came home and demanded she give him the deed to their house, and ostensibly her reply was \"the white people had it,\" to which he said \"I want you to bring my deed home, if you don't bring it home I will make you do it you devil you,\" and the deponent reported that Harris \"struck her with his fist about the face, her lip was swollen up...he drew an iron poker and said you devil you I am a great mind to kill you.\"  The interviewer then questioned the deponent regarding whether Mrs. Harris had attended to her duties as a wife... Other depositions also. Decree included alimony, and, if not paid, to sell the property and the commissioners would deposit it in an account to be used as annual payments for Mrs. Harris. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute regarding property whereby decedent died with out a will. According to depositions, decedent and disputants were persons of color. Depositions also reference family relationships of decedent's heirs.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecedent's will (written in 1879, probated 1884) specifies that she is a married woman with property of her own to bequeath. Will includes specific bequests to family members and \"to Ned Banks, a colored boy whom I raised, five acres of land…upon condition that he shall remain with and work for myself and husband during our lives and the live of the survivors of us, without charge...After his death...the said five acres shall return to my estate...\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute whereby a son is suing his father (who is also his guardian), for the father's alleged negligence in providing his son and daughter their fair share of their estate. Court documents note that \"The suit is one of a peculier character...by a young and vigorous man...against his aged father...If the plaintiff is entitled to his pound of flesh the court will give it to him...but rules of law (will be applied) strictly.\" Father quotes a poem: \"How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child.\" Documents also discuss the enslaved people who were emancipated after the war and how that also decreased the value of the estate sought by the son. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit relating to Richmond cigar manufacturers, including details of cigar manufacturing business and inventory; several cigar brands listed, and prices (1886).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate dispute dating to 1838, in which decedent's will names 130+ enslaved persons and their relationships to one another. Originated in Petersburg and appealed in Richmond City Circuit court of Appeals 1861, and was revived in Nottoway 1877 and at some point to Henrico, then removed from the docket there in 1887.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which the couple are Black and had been cohabitating since prior to the 1866 law allowing for cohabitating couples to be considered married. Both accuse each other of adultery. Complainant is referenced as having been a barber and a minister at Westwood Baptist Church in Henrico County, with property in Henrico County. Statements and depositions include information regarding neighbors and their occupations; one deponent is the half-brother of the complainant, and provides information regarding family members living out of state. Another deponent claims to have purchased the complainant's barber shop business, and his deposers repeatedly ask where and how he obtained or saved enough money to purchase it outright.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond, especially the house of Martha Webb on Marshall Street near 15th Street and a \"common house on Poplar Street kept by a colored woman named Sue\" and Miss Georgia Brown in Locust Alley, and Ann Dean's.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplainants seek title/deed of property purchased by them from Louisa Doxtater, administrator and widow of Philander Doxtater.  Decree orders that property be officially transferred to complainants. Original 1886 deed specifies that Charlotte Friend, wife of Peter Friend, is the grantee/purchaser, not her her husband. Charlotte Friend is referenced as colored.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond. Includes a letter from anonymous source to wife informing her of this. She instituted divorce suit shortly thereafter.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt suit involving circus property, including live animals. Newspaper article details the suit; some property is in Richmond, some in Henrico. Includes inventory of live animals, information regarding the treatment of animals while awaiting sale, and receipts for some animals sold.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstate suit involving property divisions dating prior to Civil War. Deeds reference named enslaved persons and some family relationships. Suit was heard by Virgnia Supreme Court of Appeals.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit of trespass in which several plaintiffs seek to prevent Wade \u0026amp; Chewning from extending Hanover Street through property through which it had not officially been constructed. Bill, answers, depositions, etc. describe physical characteristics of adjacent properties. Property owners and/or intersted parties include R.E. Lee Camp #1 Confederate Veterans, and suit references property south of Boulevard. Also includes specifications for construction of that portion of Hanover Street, and an oversized plat is included. References to improper drainage and potential health hazards.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit brought against the owner of a soap factory in a residential neighborhood who accused him of creating a \"public nuisance\" due to the smell of large amounts of animal remains he brought onto his property to make the soap. More than fifty residents and visitors who had passed through the area provided depositions about the effects of the \"dead animal factory\" on the community.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivorce suit. Sylvester Willis accused his wife of adultery, and for his evidence claimed that after cohabiting with her he contracted \"that lothsome veneral secreat disease known as Clap,\" which he could only have gotten from her, and that \"this disease was given to his wife by one of her nearest relatives.\" He also leaned on contemporary fears of miscegenation in his accusations against his wife by further claiming that while she was working in a factory \"her conduct with negro men was so reprehensive that her employer or his agent drove her away from the factory in disgrace.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe county of Henrico initiated a suit against the city of Richmond after the city purchased a farm in Henrico County with the intention of building a smallpox hospital on the property. Henrico County claimed that Richmond had not informed them of their plans for the property prior to the purchase, violating state laws, and that they would not have allowed the purchase if they had known the true reason. The intended site of the hospital was close to a \"small village\" of Black residents and a predominately Black cemetery, according to a deponent. Included in the suit was a discussion of the city's previous housing and treatment of smallpox victims and plans for their future care, and meeting records for the Board of Supervisors for both the city of Richmond and Henrico County.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1770-1965, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","There is a substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals. Specifically, there are many cases concerning estate disputes over enslaved individuals.","Many of the cases from the 1780s-1790s are related to William Byrd III's lottery of his property in the late 1760s.","Cases beginning in the 1850s consist of a higher than average number of estate suits involving free Black and Multiracial individuals and families.","The defendant in this debt suit is Carter Braxton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.","Debt suit. Joseph B. Abrahams attacked a free Black man, Peter Haley. Abrahams argued that this attack was justified because Haley had insulted Abrahams' wife, and \"such a state of insubordination in a man of his colour would well justify the deed.\" Haley took Abrahams to court for this attack and won a judgment against Abrahams. Abrahams claimed that Haley only won the case because he had tricked Abrahams into not appearing in court, and that therefore he shouldn't have to pay Haley the settlement.","Contract suit. The case centered around a group of French-American trading vessels, particularly the vessel La Ville de Bordeaux, which were caught up in the war between France and Great Britain in the 1790s. Ownership was split between John Lynch, an American citizen, and John Bernard, a French citizen, and the issue was further complicated when two unrelated Americans were given control of the ship during the war. This was intended to be a temporay trust to prevent the ship from having to fly French colors and potentially becoming a military target, but the trustees violated their agreement by selling the ship in India without permission.","Contract suit centered around an enslaved man named James Harris. John Alcock claimed that Alexander Walker, one of the defendants, had sold him Harris by promising that Harris was a skilled painter who wanted to be closer to his mother, who was enslaved in Richmond. Alcock argued that Walker failed to disclose that Harris had a drinking problem and that Alcock had been forced to try to sell him again in \"the southern states.\"","Estate suit. Centers around the estate of George Wythe and the property originally entailed to his great-nephew George Sweeney, who was tried for Wythe's murder in a famous 1806 Richmond court case. Includes as evidence a copy of Wythes's will and the codicil in which he disinherited Sweeney after being poisoned. The will outlines the support that was supposed to be given to Lydia Broadnax, a free Black woman who lived with Wythe and who was barred from testifying about his murder, and Michael Brown, a free Black boy who also lived with Wythe and was murdered alongside him. This included a personal request for Thomas Jefferson to act as Brown's patron.","Estate suit involving the estate of antislavery activist Robert Pleasants. Includes as evidence a copy of Pleasants' will, which includes several sections regarding people who had been previously manumitted by him or by the Pleasants vs Pleasants court case. These sections outline their future support, rights to remain, and lives on the settlement at Gravelly Hills. The will also outlines his plans for a school for Black children at Gravelly Hills to be established and funded from his estate.","Freedom suit. Nanny and her son Moses were suing for their freedom on the grounds that Nanny's mother, Sally Lawson, was the descendent of a Cherokee woman named Sukey. See also: Sally ~ et al. vs Joseph Perkins, Charlottesville District Court 1808 (filed with Albemarle Co. Judgments)","Freedom suit. Daphne Lawson, an enslaved woman, petitioned the court for her freedom under the argument that she had been illegally purchased by Robert McCracken despite having already been legally guaranteed emancipation.","Estate suit requesting the sale two enslaved people for being \"difficult to manage and in the habit of frequently running away.\" One of the enslaved individuals, George, was able to succesfully present himself as a free man and was hired as a cook on board a schooner bound for New York.","Contract suit requesting permission to sell an enslaved teenage boy, Hiram, after he attempted to escape Virginia on board a vessel bound for a northern state. The plaintiff references an unnamed individual in the community who Hiram had a close relationship with. She believed that this person had helped convince him to make the escape attempt and would continue to help Hiram run away if he remained in her custody.","Estate suit centered around Jefferson, an enslaved man who was described as being \"addicted to running away.\" The suit describes mulltiple attempts by Jefferson, or Jeff, to escape enslavement while he was hired out to various individuals or businesses. The suit also describes his various arrests and time spent in jail.","Estate suit centered around the will of Moses Brooks. Brooks was the enslaver of three of his grandchildren: Samson Brooks, Lucy Ann Brooks, and Peter Willis. His plan was that his estate hire out all three of the children for an extended period of time after his death, and that the money from their labor should go to support his white wife and children. After their respective work periods were completed, they were supposed to be sent to a \"free state\". Peter Willis's work was also supposed to support his mother Mary Ann Brooks, but there is no other information given about her legal status and how she related to the rest of the family. ","Freedom suit involving an enslaved man, Richard Meredith, who had been sold by his enslaver to his wife, a free Black woman named Caty Mundowney, under the condition that she \"should set him free and never sell him or give him to another.\" Richard claimed that Caty had never formally emancipated him while she was alive, even though she had been contractually obligated to by the bill of sale. Also includes documentation of an unsuccesful freedom suit for an enslaved woman named Mary Ann Brooks.","Estate suit that includes a high number of notable records types, including: the free papers of a woman named Catharine Fitzamore, daughter of Sally Fitzamore of Fluvanna County; a genealogical chart that not only tracks the testator's descendents but also if/when they migrated out of Virginia; and a collection of broadsides from the Grand Divisions of the Sons of Temperance of Virginia. Also touches on the inheritance rights of illegitimate children.","Estate suit discussing the care of T. J. Brumfield's children after the deaths of both of their parents. Lucy Brumfield, a five year old girl, was placed into the Orphan Asylum despite having living relatives. The curator attempted to place her eight year old brother Joseph in the Orphan Asylum as well, but they rejected him and his grandmother Mary H. Brumfield was unwillingly obliged to temporarily take him in. ","Estate suit that largely focuses on the plaintiffs' inheritance of Mahala, an enslaved woman. Mahala suffered from what the records referred to as a \"violent case of epilepsy.\" The suit includes several records documenting her illness and medical care, including her visits to a medical college for treatment.","Contract suit most notable for the 1851 will of John Sheppard included as an exhibit. John Sheppard was a landowner and magistrate who lived and raised a family with Sally Randolph, a free Black woman, for many years. In his will, he stipulated that Sally should immediately be given $1000 after his death \"to enable her to remove herself and children to such place as she may desire.\" He then stated that the whole rest of his estate should be sold and the proceeds divided between Sally and their eight children. John also took extra steps to protect the property rights of their daughters, stipulating that \"the shares severally divided herein before to my natural daughters shall be held by them upon their marriage to their sole separate use, as though each were a feme sole free from the control, contracted debts or liabilities of their respective hubands.\"","Contract suit that centers around a piece of property that was intended to be conveyed by the plaintiffs to the defendants. This property was located along the road leading from Charles City County to Richmond City, and over the course of the Civil War the property in question and all of the building thereon were destroyed and used for timber by both the Confederate and Union armies.","Estate initiated by a free Black family prior to the beginning of the Civil War, which was reopened following the war's conclusion. During the course of the suit, the white commissioner was accused of selling the decedent's property and keeping the proceeds for his own use rather than giving it to the family.","Divorce suit in which the plaintiff Jacob Freyfogel accused his wife Mary of being unfaithful to him. John presented as evidence a child who was born more than a year after Jacob had been imprisoned for murder and who Jacob claimed was multiracial. Several deponents also provided accounts of how one of Mary's alleged partners, a man named Jacob Ford, was attacked next door to Mary's house and died inside of her home. ","Suit centers around a debate as to has the rights to govern St. John's German Lutheran Church according to the church's constitution. Includes descriptions of efforts taken by all parties to undermine one another, including one group who broke into the church and changed all of the locks to prevent the other group from entering. ","Contract suit in which Daniel Jennings accused his former guardian, Andrew S. Padgett, of manipulating him into signing away his inherited property while Jennings was serving in the Confederate Army.","Contract suit surrounding a deed made between a free Black man, Thomas Charles, and George W. Barker while Virginia was part of the Confederacy. Thomas Charles was convicted of larceny and sentenced to be sold into enslavement. George W. Barker agreed to purchase and free him, with Thomas Charles using his own personal property as collatoral for the purchase money. After his death, George W. Barker claimed that the property had been signed over to him outright and that the money paid by Thomas Charles's widow Mahala Fults for the debt was actually rent.","Divorce suit. Included in the suit is an 1866 indictment against the wife, Isabella Alley, \"for lewd and lascivious cohabitation with a negro man.\"","Debt suit. Defendant Henry R. Cronie claimed that he had a difficult time paying the debt in question because he had been driven from the county during the Civil War under the threat of \"mob violence\" after being accused of being an abolitionist.","Estate suit. George Roane, who had been enslaved prior to the end of the war, had been willed a yearly legacy from the estate of his former master, William A. Christian. Christian's administrator had recently begun to refuse to pay Roane the allotted sum. The administrator argued that because Christian had willed Roane the annual sum but didn't free him, the funds were intended to be compensation for his services during his enslavement. The estate was therefore no longer liable, given that Roane was no longer enslaved following the Civil War.","Contract suit. Concerns Israel Brown, a formerly enslaved man who was sentenced to deportation for attacking a white man and was pardoned following the Civil War. Includes a copy of record for Brown's sentence and later pardon from the Richmond Hustings Court.","Estate suit. The decedent, James Price, was a captain in the Continental Line during the American Revolution. A portion of the records in this suit pertain to the property he gained from his Virginia Military Land Warrant for his service.","Divorce suit. Plaintiff Magdelena Frank accused her husband William of physical abuse that escalated to the point of almost killing one of their grandchildren. Magdelena owned a grocery and bar room where her husband worked and was often seen drinking, until she obtained a peace warrant that prevented him from entering her property. William justified his actions towards his wife by saying that \"he would be a good man if Mrs. Frank would stay at home and let him attend to the outside business.\" Both sides accused the other of infidelity with various acquaintences and neighbors. ","Divorce suit in which complainant files first bill in 1871, charging husband’s excessive and frequent abuse of her and her infant child. Asks the court for a divorce and to compel him to sell his property and provide compensation before he squandered it all. Second bill in 1871 alleges that husband agreed to live separately and had agreed to sell property and provide for wife and child if she would drop the suit. Child became sick and died, and she alleges husband paid for no care nor burial expenses, and she feared he would use proceeds of property sale to return to Europe from “whence he came.” He ostensibly did so, and paid her nothing. ","Estate suit. Commissioners’ reports and depositions reference enslaved people, including dates of purchase and amounts paid for named enslaved people. One 1863 report notes that: “The slaves are family servants and, though most of them are women and children, they produce to the estate annually more income, in proportion to their value than the real estate which has been sold or that is unsold—Indeed the real estate that remains unsold, being unimproved, produces no income whatever. Mrs. Hutcheson the widow, with her family of little children, is keeping house and needs dome of the servants to wait on her and them. If the slaves were sold to pay debts, other servants would have to be hired to wait on the family.” 1859 deposition includes ages and other details of individual enslaved people, such as “Phoebe’s value is impaired by a gun shot wound in the lower jaw.”\n","Estate dispute referencing specific bequest to “Chickahominy Tribe No. 34, Improved Order of Red Men.”\n","Estate dispute regarding executor failing to deposit funds from proceeds of sales of enslaved people in the 1860s, as well as dispute over legal title to said enslaved people prior to their having been sold. Early deposition notes: “Henry is now in jail…it would be unsafe to release him before a sale as he might escape to a free state.” Prior suits from City of Richmond and Charles City County are included as exhibits. 1876 statement by Richmond City clerk references loss of papers from 1857 suite of Mary Jordan vs. Jordan etc. due to April 1865 fire, but there are some references to this case in these extant records.\n"," Estate dispute involving mismanagement of funds. Confederate currency was problematic and mismanagement was described as “the result and creature of excited pride and passions of the war then raging at its highest.\"\n","Divorce case in which wife seeks divorce on grounds of her husband’s efforts to defraud her of property. Husband abandoned her when she would not sign over her homestead deed. \n","Estate dispute which included land and several named enslaved people in Marengo County, Alabama dating from 1848.\n","Debt case in which defendant is the John T. Ford of what became the famous Ford’s Theater where Abraham Lincoln was shot. Here, Ford was in Richmond in 1849 and was indebted to the boot and shoe firm of Hubbard, Gardner, and Carlton for hundreds of dollars’ worth of shoes. He later left town and ostensibly neglected his debt, returning briefly in 1852 at which time suit was filed against him, with judgment for the plaintiffs. Exhibit attached to deposition of W.P. Shields for the plaintiffs were transcriptions of advertisements that were to have run in the Daily Richmond Whig in March 1852 regarding Kunkel’s Nightingale Ethiopian Opera Troupe of which Ford was business manager. Records of the judgments against Ford were destroyed during the Civil War and the burning of Richmond. The most recent decree in the cause (1878) indicated that Ford planned to appeal, so it was ordered that the decree be suspended for 60 days, with $100 bond. No further action evident in cause.\n","Estate dispute in which plat references difficulty of obtaining accurate lines due to effects of Civil War battles.\n","Husband sought divorce in 1867 alleging adultery and in 1879 a second bill sought annulment on grounds of wife’s alleged bigamy. He refers to his wife as a “woman of color” and says that they “occupied relation of man and wife.” Union was recognized legally by Feb. 27, 1866. Depositions of defendant’s sister and brother in law reference the evacuation of Richmond in 1866. \n","Debt case in which one deponent named Nelson Turner is described as “colored” and who was a carpenter who worked on the complainant’s house/construction: “I served my apprenticeship with Caleb Turner of Mecklenburg.  Am now sixty two years old and have been working at the carpenter’s business ever since I was large enough to turn a grind-stone.”\n","Debt case in which plaintiff also references judgment: City of Richmond Freedmans Court vs. Exr. William Stewart, etc. Affidavit references Thomas Stewart and William Stewart as brothers. Property on Mechanicsville Turnpike.\n","Divorce case in which husband alleges abandonment. Married in Germany in 1866 as per marriage certificate. Couple had two (or three) children in Henrico County. Wife returned to Germany and remained there with two children. Wife wrote several detailed letters in English to husband and to her in-laws regarding life in Germany and family information. Husband alleges a third child was abandoned and died; letters do not reference that.\n \n","Divorce case which references wife’s alleged adultery and sex work with nearby Federal troops in 1865, and her subsequent abandonment in 1866 when troops left.\n","Dispute in which plaintiff seeks injunction to prevent City of Richmond from purchasing property known as the Hanes Farm for establishing a smallpox hospital separate from the general hospital in Richmond. Plat is detailed and includes lunatic asylum location.\n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s will includes named enslaved people and land/property in Virginia and Alabama. \n  \n","Estate dispute in which decedent’s post-Civil War will includes financial bequests to “faithful servants” and gives much detail regarding personal jewelry made from various family member/ancestors’ hair, as well as specific personal property and its history with family members/ancestors.\n","Dispute over the use of an unregistered tobacco trademark. Complainants sell “To-To” tobacco; defendants have been selling “Ta-Ta” tobacco, both seals of which are quite similar. Exhibits include a packet of Ta-Ta tobacco.\n  \n","Defendant is alleged to have married a white woman out of state, he being a \"colored man.\" Both were non-residents of Virginia. Regarding a debt from a judgment from U.S. Supreme Court.\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes the 1850 will of Curtis Carter in which he names certain enslaved people and specifies that the named father of two named enslaved boys should be permitted to purchase them within two years at a certain price. \n  \n","Debt suit in which wife sold her inherited property to help pay husband’s debts, and alleges that husband did not uphold his contractual agreements to pay his debts nor to protect interests of his wife and family. Over 40 named enslaved persons, and some family relationships, are referenced in pre-1865 deed exhibits.\n  \n","Debt case in which the editor/proprietor of The Southern Planter and Farmer allegedly owed a $1,100.00 debt to said bank in 1880, allegedly “absconding” from the state, abandoning the newspaper offices and its contents, thus discontinuing the newspaper.  \n","Divorce suit in which complainant’s husband was complainant’s father’s committee, and during the complainant's father's lifetime and after his death, complainant's husband allegedly sold some properties and did not invest the funds in her name, thus taking the money as his own. Husband alleges that complainant had previously suffered from depression and mental instability.\n  \n","Contains an 1841 deed references 1829 deed with several named enslaved people from Gwyn's Island in Mathews County, as well as conveyances of some of those enslaved people in 1829, one of whom was recorded in King and Queen County. This 1841 deed notes that Henry \"from soem cause unknown will either elope or destroy himself, having attempted several times lately to drown himself.\" Later deeds reference more named enslaved people.\n  \n","Complainant seeks injunction preventing defendant from cashing out the proceeds of a property purchase, arguing that defendant sold property to complainant with unclear title, as per an outstanding will, which required owner of property to potentially pay an annuity to a relative under certain conditions. Complainant charges that defendant was aware of this and intentionally witheld that information. Property was to be used for constructing a home for \"indigent Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Sailors.\"\n  \n","Estate dispute that includes correspondence as exhibits, one of which is  9 Jan 1866 letter from the defendant to the decedant Sheppard in which he specifically states that he has hired \"six good negro men to labor on the farm. I know them well and think they will labor industriously. I have had the management of the greater part of them, on my Mother's farm, before the war. As a general rule, I don't think free labor reliable, but such as I have, with families, can be relied on to remain the entire year. I pay $7.50 per month for them.\" In an earlier letteer of 9 Dec 1865, Blanton also mentions the charactar of an acquaintance with whom he \"served three years together in the Army.\"\n  \n","Divorce cause in which wife asserts excessive physical abuse from her husband, and her having worked to pay for most of the mortgage on the house. Seeks alimony also. Deposition of Wesley Jones recounts an instance when Harris' husband came home and demanded she give him the deed to their house, and ostensibly her reply was \"the white people had it,\" to which he said \"I want you to bring my deed home, if you don't bring it home I will make you do it you devil you,\" and the deponent reported that Harris \"struck her with his fist about the face, her lip was swollen up...he drew an iron poker and said you devil you I am a great mind to kill you.\"  The interviewer then questioned the deponent regarding whether Mrs. Harris had attended to her duties as a wife... Other depositions also. Decree included alimony, and, if not paid, to sell the property and the commissioners would deposit it in an account to be used as annual payments for Mrs. Harris. \n","Estate dispute regarding property whereby decedent died with out a will. According to depositions, decedent and disputants were persons of color. Depositions also reference family relationships of decedent's heirs.\n","Decedent's will (written in 1879, probated 1884) specifies that she is a married woman with property of her own to bequeath. Will includes specific bequests to family members and \"to Ned Banks, a colored boy whom I raised, five acres of land…upon condition that he shall remain with and work for myself and husband during our lives and the live of the survivors of us, without charge...After his death...the said five acres shall return to my estate...\"\n","Estate dispute whereby a son is suing his father (who is also his guardian), for the father's alleged negligence in providing his son and daughter their fair share of their estate. Court documents note that \"The suit is one of a peculier character...by a young and vigorous man...against his aged father...If the plaintiff is entitled to his pound of flesh the court will give it to him...but rules of law (will be applied) strictly.\" Father quotes a poem: \"How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child.\" Documents also discuss the enslaved people who were emancipated after the war and how that also decreased the value of the estate sought by the son. \n","Debt suit relating to Richmond cigar manufacturers, including details of cigar manufacturing business and inventory; several cigar brands listed, and prices (1886).\n","Estate dispute dating to 1838, in which decedent's will names 130+ enslaved persons and their relationships to one another. Originated in Petersburg and appealed in Richmond City Circuit court of Appeals 1861, and was revived in Nottoway 1877 and at some point to Henrico, then removed from the docket there in 1887.\n","Divorce suit in which the couple are Black and had been cohabitating since prior to the 1866 law allowing for cohabitating couples to be considered married. Both accuse each other of adultery. Complainant is referenced as having been a barber and a minister at Westwood Baptist Church in Henrico County, with property in Henrico County. Statements and depositions include information regarding neighbors and their occupations; one deponent is the half-brother of the complainant, and provides information regarding family members living out of state. Another deponent claims to have purchased the complainant's barber shop business, and his deposers repeatedly ask where and how he obtained or saved enough money to purchase it outright.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond, especially the house of Martha Webb on Marshall Street near 15th Street and a \"common house on Poplar Street kept by a colored woman named Sue\" and Miss Georgia Brown in Locust Alley, and Ann Dean's.\n","Complainants seek title/deed of property purchased by them from Louisa Doxtater, administrator and widow of Philander Doxtater.  Decree orders that property be officially transferred to complainants. Original 1886 deed specifies that Charlotte Friend, wife of Peter Friend, is the grantee/purchaser, not her her husband. Charlotte Friend is referenced as colored.\n","Divorce suit in which husband is alleged to have frequented houses of ill-fame in Richmond. Includes a letter from anonymous source to wife informing her of this. She instituted divorce suit shortly thereafter.\n","Debt suit involving circus property, including live animals. Newspaper article details the suit; some property is in Richmond, some in Henrico. Includes inventory of live animals, information regarding the treatment of animals while awaiting sale, and receipts for some animals sold.\n","Estate suit involving property divisions dating prior to Civil War. Deeds reference named enslaved persons and some family relationships. Suit was heard by Virgnia Supreme Court of Appeals.\n","Suit of trespass in which several plaintiffs seek to prevent Wade \u0026 Chewning from extending Hanover Street through property through which it had not officially been constructed. Bill, answers, depositions, etc. describe physical characteristics of adjacent properties. Property owners and/or intersted parties include R.E. Lee Camp #1 Confederate Veterans, and suit references property south of Boulevard. Also includes specifications for construction of that portion of Hanover Street, and an oversized plat is included. References to improper drainage and potential health hazards.\n","Suit brought against the owner of a soap factory in a residential neighborhood who accused him of creating a \"public nuisance\" due to the smell of large amounts of animal remains he brought onto his property to make the soap. More than fifty residents and visitors who had passed through the area provided depositions about the effects of the \"dead animal factory\" on the community.\n","Divorce suit. Sylvester Willis accused his wife of adultery, and for his evidence claimed that after cohabiting with her he contracted \"that lothsome veneral secreat disease known as Clap,\" which he could only have gotten from her, and that \"this disease was given to his wife by one of her nearest relatives.\" He also leaned on contemporary fears of miscegenation in his accusations against his wife by further claiming that while she was working in a factory \"her conduct with negro men was so reprehensive that her employer or his agent drove her away from the factory in disgrace.\"\n","The county of Henrico initiated a suit against the city of Richmond after the city purchased a farm in Henrico County with the intention of building a smallpox hospital on the property. Henrico County claimed that Richmond had not informed them of their plans for the property prior to the purchase, violating state laws, and that they would not have allowed the purchase if they had known the true reason. The intended site of the hospital was close to a \"small village\" of Black residents and a predominately Black cemetery, according to a deponent. Included in the suit was a discussion of the city's previous housing and treatment of smallpox victims and plans for their future care, and meeting records for the Board of Supervisors for both the city of Richmond and Henrico County.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":71,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:00:22.553Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02575"}},{"id":"vi_vi03519","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03519#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03519#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03519#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03519","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03519","_root_":"vi_vi03519","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03519","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03519.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"text":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November",".23 cubic feet (1 box)","[IN PROCESS]Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. ","This collection is arranged  Series I: Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, arranged chronologically","arranged chronologically\n","Historical Information:  Gabriel's Insurrection was a large scale rebellion planned for the fall of 1800 by Gabriel, a blacksmith enslaved by Thomas Henry Prosser, a white man, of Henrico County, along with group of enslaved Black men. A heavy rainstorm postponed the plot which aimed to take Richmond, hold the governor hostage, and bargain for the freedom of all Black and multiracial individuals held in chattel slavery. After the storm, two enslaved persons informed, Mosby Sheppard, their enslaver, about the impending rebellion. Sheppard warned the governor, who marshaled the white community by use of the militia, and the courts to root out and punish the Gabriel and the other organizers. After first escaping, Gabriel was captured on a schooner in Norfolk, Va. and returned to Henrico for trial. The end result of the trials were that twenty six enslaved Black people were executed, including Gabriel and his brothers Solomon and Martin. Others were convicted but pardoned; several were sold out of state.\n","Fears of an even more widespread rebellion haunted white Virginians for years to come. Gabriel and his fellow organizers recruited participants at religious meeting and other social gatherings in Richmond, Va. and at plantations in the surrounding. Gabriel successfully met and communicated with so many other enslaved individuals due to the relative absence policing of Black movement between city and county. Enslaved individuals ran errands for their enslavers and enslavers hired out those they enslaved to other white residents, resulting it fluid spheres of Black and multiracial community. After Gabriel's rebellion was discovered and until the close of the Civil War, the General Assembly passed a myriad of laws aimed at restricting the movement, assembly, and education of free and enslaved Black and multiracial individuals within the state's borders. Most of the laws were aimed at controlling and policing these populations so as to reduce the chance of future revolts and maintain a white system of power.\n","Context for Record Type:  Oyer and terminer, from the French word meaning \"to hear and determine,\" refers to a type of court process reserved for special circumstances. Historically in Virginia, these special circumstances were the prosecution of enslaved people. An oyer and terminer tribunal denied an enslaved defendant the usual legal proceedings applied to a white defendant. Instead of a trial by jury, a panel was organized to \"examine, judge, and pass sentence on slave\ndefendants.\"","  A guilty verdict had no appeal process and conviction many times condemned the defendant to execution. This trial system left enslaved people taken to court with little protection against racial prejudice, extreme punishment, and errors in the collection or interpretation of evidence.","Locality History Note:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n","Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, were removed from the larger Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.  These records were processed by S. Nerney around 2012 and later indexed by L. Neuroth and K. McGrail for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Addtional Henrico commonwealth causes remain unprocessed in the Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.","Commonwealth causes concerning insurrections other than Gabriel's that were previously filed with these cases are now filed: ","Commonwealth vs. Arthur (1802 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118211","Commonwealth vs. Ben and Commonwealth vs. Isaac (1806 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118229.","Encoded by S. Nerney, 2013; Updated by M. Mason and K. McGrail, July 2024","\nSee also:   Henirco County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1789-1865 ","Records related to free and enslaved people of Hencrio County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Henrico County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial.\n","Also included is a petition to the county court from citizens asking that the gallows be moved due to the distress the number of executions is causing their family members, and a letter from then governor James Monroe stating that he cannot do anything about the location of the gallow and recommending that they petition the court house officials instead.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Henrico County in an undated accession.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".23 cubic feet (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[IN PROCESS]Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["[IN PROCESS]Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003earranged chronologically\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged  Series I: Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, arranged chronologically","arranged chronologically\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistorical Information:\u003c/emph\u003e Gabriel's Insurrection was a large scale rebellion planned for the fall of 1800 by Gabriel, a blacksmith enslaved by Thomas Henry Prosser, a white man, of Henrico County, along with group of enslaved Black men. A heavy rainstorm postponed the plot which aimed to take Richmond, hold the governor hostage, and bargain for the freedom of all Black and multiracial individuals held in chattel slavery. After the storm, two enslaved persons informed, Mosby Sheppard, their enslaver, about the impending rebellion. Sheppard warned the governor, who marshaled the white community by use of the militia, and the courts to root out and punish the Gabriel and the other organizers. After first escaping, Gabriel was captured on a schooner in Norfolk, Va. and returned to Henrico for trial. The end result of the trials were that twenty six enslaved Black people were executed, including Gabriel and his brothers Solomon and Martin. Others were convicted but pardoned; several were sold out of state.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears of an even more widespread rebellion haunted white Virginians for years to come. Gabriel and his fellow organizers recruited participants at religious meeting and other social gatherings in Richmond, Va. and at plantations in the surrounding. Gabriel successfully met and communicated with so many other enslaved individuals due to the relative absence policing of Black movement between city and county. Enslaved individuals ran errands for their enslavers and enslavers hired out those they enslaved to other white residents, resulting it fluid spheres of Black and multiracial community. After Gabriel's rebellion was discovered and until the close of the Civil War, the General Assembly passed a myriad of laws aimed at restricting the movement, assembly, and education of free and enslaved Black and multiracial individuals within the state's borders. Most of the laws were aimed at controlling and policing these populations so as to reduce the chance of future revolts and maintain a white system of power.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Oyer and terminer, from the French word meaning \"to hear and determine,\" refers to a type of court process reserved for special circumstances. Historically in Virginia, these special circumstances were the prosecution of enslaved people. An oyer and terminer tribunal denied an enslaved defendant the usual legal proceedings applied to a white defendant. Instead of a trial by jury, a panel was organized to \"examine, judge, and pass sentence on slave\ndefendants.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  A guilty verdict had no appeal process and conviction many times condemned the defendant to execution. This trial system left enslaved people taken to court with little protection against racial prejudice, extreme punishment, and errors in the collection or interpretation of evidence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical Information:  Gabriel's Insurrection was a large scale rebellion planned for the fall of 1800 by Gabriel, a blacksmith enslaved by Thomas Henry Prosser, a white man, of Henrico County, along with group of enslaved Black men. A heavy rainstorm postponed the plot which aimed to take Richmond, hold the governor hostage, and bargain for the freedom of all Black and multiracial individuals held in chattel slavery. After the storm, two enslaved persons informed, Mosby Sheppard, their enslaver, about the impending rebellion. Sheppard warned the governor, who marshaled the white community by use of the militia, and the courts to root out and punish the Gabriel and the other organizers. After first escaping, Gabriel was captured on a schooner in Norfolk, Va. and returned to Henrico for trial. The end result of the trials were that twenty six enslaved Black people were executed, including Gabriel and his brothers Solomon and Martin. Others were convicted but pardoned; several were sold out of state.\n","Fears of an even more widespread rebellion haunted white Virginians for years to come. Gabriel and his fellow organizers recruited participants at religious meeting and other social gatherings in Richmond, Va. and at plantations in the surrounding. Gabriel successfully met and communicated with so many other enslaved individuals due to the relative absence policing of Black movement between city and county. Enslaved individuals ran errands for their enslavers and enslavers hired out those they enslaved to other white residents, resulting it fluid spheres of Black and multiracial community. After Gabriel's rebellion was discovered and until the close of the Civil War, the General Assembly passed a myriad of laws aimed at restricting the movement, assembly, and education of free and enslaved Black and multiracial individuals within the state's borders. Most of the laws were aimed at controlling and policing these populations so as to reduce the chance of future revolts and maintain a white system of power.\n","Context for Record Type:  Oyer and terminer, from the French word meaning \"to hear and determine,\" refers to a type of court process reserved for special circumstances. Historically in Virginia, these special circumstances were the prosecution of enslaved people. An oyer and terminer tribunal denied an enslaved defendant the usual legal proceedings applied to a white defendant. Instead of a trial by jury, a panel was organized to \"examine, judge, and pass sentence on slave\ndefendants.\"","  A guilty verdict had no appeal process and conviction many times condemned the defendant to execution. This trial system left enslaved people taken to court with little protection against racial prejudice, extreme punishment, and errors in the collection or interpretation of evidence.","Locality History Note:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, were removed from the larger Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.  These records were processed by S. Nerney around 2012 and later indexed by L. Neuroth and K. McGrail for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Addtional Henrico commonwealth causes remain unprocessed in the Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes concerning insurrections other than Gabriel's that were previously filed with these cases are now filed: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth vs. Arthur (1802 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118211\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth vs. Ben and Commonwealth vs. Isaac (1806 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118229.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by S. Nerney, 2013; Updated by M. Mason and K. McGrail, July 2024\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, were removed from the larger Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.  These records were processed by S. Nerney around 2012 and later indexed by L. Neuroth and K. McGrail for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Addtional Henrico commonwealth causes remain unprocessed in the Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.","Commonwealth causes concerning insurrections other than Gabriel's that were previously filed with these cases are now filed: ","Commonwealth vs. Arthur (1802 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118211","Commonwealth vs. Ben and Commonwealth vs. Isaac (1806 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118229.","Encoded by S. Nerney, 2013; Updated by M. Mason and K. McGrail, July 2024"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi02778.xml\"\u003e Henirco County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1789-1865 \u003c/extref\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Hencrio County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA131\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["\nSee also:   Henirco County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1789-1865 ","Records related to free and enslaved people of Hencrio County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Henrico County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a petition to the county court from citizens asking that the gallows be moved due to the distress the number of executions is causing their family members, and a letter from then governor James Monroe stating that he cannot do anything about the location of the gallow and recommending that they petition the court house officials instead.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial.\n","Also included is a petition to the county court from citizens asking that the gallows be moved due to the distress the number of executions is causing their family members, and a letter from then governor James Monroe stating that he cannot do anything about the location of the gallow and recommending that they petition the court house officials instead.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:44:43.571Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03519","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03519","_root_":"vi_vi03519","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03519","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03519.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"text":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November",".23 cubic feet (1 box)","[IN PROCESS]Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. ","This collection is arranged  Series I: Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, arranged chronologically","arranged chronologically\n","Historical Information:  Gabriel's Insurrection was a large scale rebellion planned for the fall of 1800 by Gabriel, a blacksmith enslaved by Thomas Henry Prosser, a white man, of Henrico County, along with group of enslaved Black men. A heavy rainstorm postponed the plot which aimed to take Richmond, hold the governor hostage, and bargain for the freedom of all Black and multiracial individuals held in chattel slavery. After the storm, two enslaved persons informed, Mosby Sheppard, their enslaver, about the impending rebellion. Sheppard warned the governor, who marshaled the white community by use of the militia, and the courts to root out and punish the Gabriel and the other organizers. After first escaping, Gabriel was captured on a schooner in Norfolk, Va. and returned to Henrico for trial. The end result of the trials were that twenty six enslaved Black people were executed, including Gabriel and his brothers Solomon and Martin. Others were convicted but pardoned; several were sold out of state.\n","Fears of an even more widespread rebellion haunted white Virginians for years to come. Gabriel and his fellow organizers recruited participants at religious meeting and other social gatherings in Richmond, Va. and at plantations in the surrounding. Gabriel successfully met and communicated with so many other enslaved individuals due to the relative absence policing of Black movement between city and county. Enslaved individuals ran errands for their enslavers and enslavers hired out those they enslaved to other white residents, resulting it fluid spheres of Black and multiracial community. After Gabriel's rebellion was discovered and until the close of the Civil War, the General Assembly passed a myriad of laws aimed at restricting the movement, assembly, and education of free and enslaved Black and multiracial individuals within the state's borders. Most of the laws were aimed at controlling and policing these populations so as to reduce the chance of future revolts and maintain a white system of power.\n","Context for Record Type:  Oyer and terminer, from the French word meaning \"to hear and determine,\" refers to a type of court process reserved for special circumstances. Historically in Virginia, these special circumstances were the prosecution of enslaved people. An oyer and terminer tribunal denied an enslaved defendant the usual legal proceedings applied to a white defendant. Instead of a trial by jury, a panel was organized to \"examine, judge, and pass sentence on slave\ndefendants.\"","  A guilty verdict had no appeal process and conviction many times condemned the defendant to execution. This trial system left enslaved people taken to court with little protection against racial prejudice, extreme punishment, and errors in the collection or interpretation of evidence.","Locality History Note:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n","Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, were removed from the larger Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.  These records were processed by S. Nerney around 2012 and later indexed by L. Neuroth and K. McGrail for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Addtional Henrico commonwealth causes remain unprocessed in the Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.","Commonwealth causes concerning insurrections other than Gabriel's that were previously filed with these cases are now filed: ","Commonwealth vs. Arthur (1802 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118211","Commonwealth vs. Ben and Commonwealth vs. Isaac (1806 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118229.","Encoded by S. Nerney, 2013; Updated by M. Mason and K. McGrail, July 2024","\nSee also:   Henirco County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1789-1865 ","Records related to free and enslaved people of Hencrio County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Henrico County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial.\n","Also included is a petition to the county court from citizens asking that the gallows be moved due to the distress the number of executions is causing their family members, and a letter from then governor James Monroe stating that he cannot do anything about the location of the gallow and recommending that they petition the court house officials instead.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, \n1800 September-November"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Henrico County in an undated accession.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".23 cubic feet (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[IN PROCESS]Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["[IN PROCESS]Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003earranged chronologically\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged  Series I: Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800, arranged chronologically","arranged chronologically\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistorical Information:\u003c/emph\u003e Gabriel's Insurrection was a large scale rebellion planned for the fall of 1800 by Gabriel, a blacksmith enslaved by Thomas Henry Prosser, a white man, of Henrico County, along with group of enslaved Black men. A heavy rainstorm postponed the plot which aimed to take Richmond, hold the governor hostage, and bargain for the freedom of all Black and multiracial individuals held in chattel slavery. After the storm, two enslaved persons informed, Mosby Sheppard, their enslaver, about the impending rebellion. Sheppard warned the governor, who marshaled the white community by use of the militia, and the courts to root out and punish the Gabriel and the other organizers. After first escaping, Gabriel was captured on a schooner in Norfolk, Va. and returned to Henrico for trial. The end result of the trials were that twenty six enslaved Black people were executed, including Gabriel and his brothers Solomon and Martin. Others were convicted but pardoned; several were sold out of state.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears of an even more widespread rebellion haunted white Virginians for years to come. Gabriel and his fellow organizers recruited participants at religious meeting and other social gatherings in Richmond, Va. and at plantations in the surrounding. Gabriel successfully met and communicated with so many other enslaved individuals due to the relative absence policing of Black movement between city and county. Enslaved individuals ran errands for their enslavers and enslavers hired out those they enslaved to other white residents, resulting it fluid spheres of Black and multiracial community. After Gabriel's rebellion was discovered and until the close of the Civil War, the General Assembly passed a myriad of laws aimed at restricting the movement, assembly, and education of free and enslaved Black and multiracial individuals within the state's borders. Most of the laws were aimed at controlling and policing these populations so as to reduce the chance of future revolts and maintain a white system of power.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Oyer and terminer, from the French word meaning \"to hear and determine,\" refers to a type of court process reserved for special circumstances. Historically in Virginia, these special circumstances were the prosecution of enslaved people. An oyer and terminer tribunal denied an enslaved defendant the usual legal proceedings applied to a white defendant. Instead of a trial by jury, a panel was organized to \"examine, judge, and pass sentence on slave\ndefendants.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  A guilty verdict had no appeal process and conviction many times condemned the defendant to execution. This trial system left enslaved people taken to court with little protection against racial prejudice, extreme punishment, and errors in the collection or interpretation of evidence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical Information:  Gabriel's Insurrection was a large scale rebellion planned for the fall of 1800 by Gabriel, a blacksmith enslaved by Thomas Henry Prosser, a white man, of Henrico County, along with group of enslaved Black men. A heavy rainstorm postponed the plot which aimed to take Richmond, hold the governor hostage, and bargain for the freedom of all Black and multiracial individuals held in chattel slavery. After the storm, two enslaved persons informed, Mosby Sheppard, their enslaver, about the impending rebellion. Sheppard warned the governor, who marshaled the white community by use of the militia, and the courts to root out and punish the Gabriel and the other organizers. After first escaping, Gabriel was captured on a schooner in Norfolk, Va. and returned to Henrico for trial. The end result of the trials were that twenty six enslaved Black people were executed, including Gabriel and his brothers Solomon and Martin. Others were convicted but pardoned; several were sold out of state.\n","Fears of an even more widespread rebellion haunted white Virginians for years to come. Gabriel and his fellow organizers recruited participants at religious meeting and other social gatherings in Richmond, Va. and at plantations in the surrounding. Gabriel successfully met and communicated with so many other enslaved individuals due to the relative absence policing of Black movement between city and county. Enslaved individuals ran errands for their enslavers and enslavers hired out those they enslaved to other white residents, resulting it fluid spheres of Black and multiracial community. After Gabriel's rebellion was discovered and until the close of the Civil War, the General Assembly passed a myriad of laws aimed at restricting the movement, assembly, and education of free and enslaved Black and multiracial individuals within the state's borders. Most of the laws were aimed at controlling and policing these populations so as to reduce the chance of future revolts and maintain a white system of power.\n","Context for Record Type:  Oyer and terminer, from the French word meaning \"to hear and determine,\" refers to a type of court process reserved for special circumstances. Historically in Virginia, these special circumstances were the prosecution of enslaved people. An oyer and terminer tribunal denied an enslaved defendant the usual legal proceedings applied to a white defendant. Instead of a trial by jury, a panel was organized to \"examine, judge, and pass sentence on slave\ndefendants.\"","  A guilty verdict had no appeal process and conviction many times condemned the defendant to execution. This trial system left enslaved people taken to court with little protection against racial prejudice, extreme punishment, and errors in the collection or interpretation of evidence.","Locality History Note:  Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, were removed from the larger Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.  These records were processed by S. Nerney around 2012 and later indexed by L. Neuroth and K. McGrail for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Addtional Henrico commonwealth causes remain unprocessed in the Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes concerning insurrections other than Gabriel's that were previously filed with these cases are now filed: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth vs. Arthur (1802 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118211\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth vs. Ben and Commonwealth vs. Isaac (1806 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118229.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by S. Nerney, 2013; Updated by M. Mason and K. McGrail, July 2024\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, were removed from the larger Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.  These records were processed by S. Nerney around 2012 and later indexed by L. Neuroth and K. McGrail for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Addtional Henrico commonwealth causes remain unprocessed in the Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes.","Commonwealth causes concerning insurrections other than Gabriel's that were previously filed with these cases are now filed: ","Commonwealth vs. Arthur (1802 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118211","Commonwealth vs. Ben and Commonwealth vs. Isaac (1806 May) in Henrico County (Va.) Judgments and Ended Causes, barcode 1118229.","Encoded by S. Nerney, 2013; Updated by M. Mason and K. McGrail, July 2024"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi02778.xml\"\u003e Henirco County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1789-1865 \u003c/extref\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Hencrio County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA131\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["\nSee also:   Henirco County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1789-1865 ","Records related to free and enslaved people of Hencrio County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Henrico County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a petition to the county court from citizens asking that the gallows be moved due to the distress the number of executions is causing their family members, and a letter from then governor James Monroe stating that he cannot do anything about the location of the gallow and recommending that they petition the court house officials instead.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes related to Gabriel's Insurrection, 1800 September-November, consist principally of the informations filed in the criminal cases brought in the county in the court of oyer and terminer against sixty-two enslaved Black indivdual charged with participation in the planning of a rebellion to be held in Henrico County and the city of Richmond against white systems of power that imposed chattel slavery. The information contains the name of the enslaved individual, the name of the enslaver and their county of residence, the charges, and the names of witnesses on whose evidence the charges were brought. A few causes also contain a mittimus charging the sheriff to bring an enslaved person or persons to the jailer, and one suit contains a petition asking that a witness be allowed to give testimony at trial.\n","Also included is a petition to the county court from citizens asking that the gallows be moved due to the distress the number of executions is causing their family members, and a letter from then governor James Monroe stating that he cannot do anything about the location of the gallow and recommending that they petition the court house officials instead.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:44:43.571Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03519"}},{"id":"vi_vi05555","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05555#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05555#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05555#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05555","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05555","_root_":"vi_vi05555","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05555","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05555.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0007800740-0007800741\n"],"text":["0007800740-0007800741\n","Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863",".90 cu.ft. (2 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.","A law passed in 1782 by the state legislature made it lawful to emancipate enlsaved people.","Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Deeds of Emanciaption can be found in Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Henrico County Deeds are available at the Library of Virginia. ","Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007800740-0007800741\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from city of Henrico County circuit court. \n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".90 cu.ft. (2 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA law passed in 1782 by the state legislature made it lawful to emancipate enlsaved people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.","A law passed in 1782 by the state legislature made it lawful to emancipate enlsaved people."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863. Local Government Records Collection, city of Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Henrico County, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863. Local Government Records Collection, city of Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Henrico County, Virginia. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA015\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Deeds of Emanciaption can be found in Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, at the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Deeds are available at the Library of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Deeds of Emanciaption can be found in Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Henrico County Deeds are available at the Library of Virginia. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:09:47.687Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05555","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05555","_root_":"vi_vi05555","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05555","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05555.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0007800740-0007800741\n"],"text":["0007800740-0007800741\n","Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863",".90 cu.ft. (2 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.","A law passed in 1782 by the state legislature made it lawful to emancipate enlsaved people.","Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Deeds of Emanciaption can be found in Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Henrico County Deeds are available at the Library of Virginia. ","Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007800740-0007800741\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, \n1782-1863"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from city of Henrico County circuit court. \n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".90 cu.ft. (2 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA law passed in 1782 by the state legislature made it lawful to emancipate enlsaved people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634.","A law passed in 1782 by the state legislature made it lawful to emancipate enlsaved people."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863. Local Government Records Collection, city of Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Henrico County, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863. Local Government Records Collection, city of Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Henrico County, Virginia. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA015\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Deeds of Emanciaption can be found in Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, at the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Deeds are available at the Library of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Deeds of Emanciaption can be found in Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Henrico County Deeds are available at the Library of Virginia. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1782-1863, include deeds of emancipation and manumission record the name of enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:09:47.687Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05555"}},{"id":"vi_vi02778","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02778#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02778#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02778#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02778","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02778","_root_":"vi_vi02778","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02778","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02778.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1118451, 1160828, 1186850 \n"],"text":["1118451, 1160828, 1186850 \n","Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865","1.5 cu. ft. (3 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged chronologically by record type. \n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n","Beginning in 1778, enslavers who brought enslaved persons into Virginia were required to register the enslaved persons with the county court and sign an oath agreeing not to bring enslaved persons into the Commonwealth with the intent of selling them. Certificates of importation, sometimes entitled certificates of nonimportation, contain information whereby an enslaver swears that (s)he has not imported the enslaved person from Africa and that (s)he has not brought the enslaved person into Virginia with the purpose of selling the enslaved person. The enslaved person is sometimes named, but not always, and occasionally  information is given as to age, birthdate, and the state the individuals are moving from.\n","\"Lists of free negroes\" were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes.\n","Acts passed by the Virginia Legislature in 1793 and 1803 required every “free negro” or “mulatto” to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. This collection contains records involved in the registration process. The registration language and process varied across localities, thus the information and type of records may differ. Registration records found in this collection include numbered certificates that recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the \nperson’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents. If \nemancipated, the emancipating owner, place, and date may be mentioned. There are affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of registered “free negroes” kept in the court house. \n","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Black population from Virginia with a law that stated that any emancipated enslaved persons, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit the right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, emancipated enslaved persons could petition the local courts for permission to remain. \n","An act passed by the Virginia legislature required that a register be kept by the clerk of court for every enslaved person held by any enslaver for his or her life only. See Revised Code of Virginia 1819, volume 1, p. 439, section 70; Code of Virginia 1849, chapter 103, section 8; and Code of Virginia 1860, chapter 103, section 14.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.","Additional Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n","Digitial records may be found in the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection   Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection available at Virginia Memory.","Materials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, consist of \"Applications for non-negro certification\" (1852-1853); \"Applications for registration as a free negro\"(1791-1858); \"Deeds of manumission or emancipation\" (1789-1810); \"Divisions of slaves as estate property\" (1818-1823, 1856); \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations\"(1794-1865, undated); \"Free negro and mulatto tax records\" (1824-1864); \"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth\" (1817-1863); \"Runaway slave causes\" (1804-1864); \"Slave hire papers\" (1817-1819, 1847); \"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves\" (1824-1836); Miscellaneous enslaved records (1812-1817, 1851-1854); and Miscellaneous free negro papers\" (1816-1864).\n","\"Applications for non-negro certification,\" 1852-1853, consist of requests by John Scott Bailey (1852) and Braxton Smith (1853) to be declared not a Black person due to their white or Native American ancestries. Bailey's application includes affidavits.\n","\"Applications for registration as a free negro,\" 1791-1858, are petitions and applications made to the court for a person to be registered as a free Black person or free person of color in Henrico County. Occasionally proof of free status is included. There is usually a notation on the document as to the outcome of the application.\n","\"Deeds of manumission or emancipation,\" 1789-1810, record the name of the former enslaver, the name of the enslaved person, the date or age at which the enslaved person will be freed, the date the deed was written, and the date the deed was proved. The age of the enslaved person at the time the deed was written, a surname assigned to the freed enslaved person by the enslaver, and the enslaver's reason for emancipation are sometimes given.\n","Divisions of enslaved persons as estate property, 1818-1823, 1856, are records created by commissioners appointed by the court to divide enslaved persons between the heirs of a deceased person. Listed are the heirs, which enslaved persons they received from the estate, and sometimes the valuation of the enslaved individual.\n"," \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations,\" 1794-1865, undated, recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the  person’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents.  If emancipated, emancipating enslaver, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration are usually recorded. There may also be affidavits that were  given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In  addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of  registered “free negroes” kept in the court house.\n"," \"Free Negro and mulatto Tax records,\"1824-1864, were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes, and records the names of free adult Black persons and persons of color within a district, as well as children, place of abode, and trade or occupation for the adult males and females.","This collection include \"lists of free negroes,\" \"lists of delinquent free negro taxpayers\", and \"lists of free negroes offered for hire to pay off their delinquent taxes.\" Not every type of list exists for every year. The lists of delinquent taxpayers and free negroes offered for hire include names, usually the amount of tax delinquent, and sometimes to whom hired and the amount paid for the hire. Notations are also made if effects were found that could be seized and sold in order to pay off the tax owed. One list from 1851 indicates that some of the free Black persons on the delinquent tax lists were enslavers. The lists of free negroes include name, age, and occupation. Some lists indicate where a person was registered as a free person. ","\"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth,\" 1817-1863, record the name of the petitioner, the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county often  with accompanying  names of citizens who can testify  to the free status or who support  the request of the  petitioner to remain. Free registrations and other supporting documents may also be included.\n","\"Runaway slave causes,\" 1804-1864, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators and jailed, bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, newspaper clippings of \"runaway advertisements\", and other courses of action taken to determine who a enslaved person's enslaver was. The name of the enslaved person is included as is the enslaver's name if that could be determined.\n","\"Slave hire papers,\" 1817-1819, 1847, are records of private arrangements of slave hires.\n","\"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves,\" 1824-1836, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators whose enslavers could not be found who were then assigned a value and sold by the court. Included are the name of the enslaved person, the assigned value, sometimes bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, and sometimes information about the purchaser.\n","Miscellaneous enslaved records, 1812-1854, include a list of enslaved persons bequeathed to Sarah Gunn in the will of her son James Gunn (1812); the memo of William Fulcher as agent for Andrew Smith about enslaved persons exported from Virginia (1813); Abel Upshur's certificate for transport of enslaved persons into the state (1817); a list of enslaved persons held for a term of years or for life (1851); and a list of enslaved persons belonging to the estate of John H. Washington (1854).\n","Miscellaneous free Black persons and free people of color papers, 1816-1864, include county claims related to Harry Davis, a free man who died after being erroneously taken up as a \"runaway\" (1816); a letter of character for Anthony Matthews to receive a business license (1818); a letter of character for William Lucas to get a shopkeeper's license (1822); an order concerning the hire of Hannah Richardson after being jailed as a \"runaway\" in order to pay her jail fees (1836); the hiring out of Livinia to pay her jail fees (1856); an advertisement by Robert Morse for the return of his lost free papers (1859); Mary Watson's summons for witnesses to prove her freedom (1859); bond of George Jones to leave the state within ten days (1860); and two notices of free Black persons hired out or sold into enslavement (1864).\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1118451, 1160828, 1186850 \n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Henrico County. \n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.5 cu. ft. (3 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by record type. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically by record type. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1778, enslavers who brought enslaved persons into Virginia were required to register the enslaved persons with the county court and sign an oath agreeing not to bring enslaved persons into the Commonwealth with the intent of selling them. Certificates of importation, sometimes entitled certificates of nonimportation, contain information whereby an enslaver swears that (s)he has not imported the enslaved person from Africa and that (s)he has not brought the enslaved person into Virginia with the purpose of selling the enslaved person. The enslaved person is sometimes named, but not always, and occasionally  information is given as to age, birthdate, and the state the individuals are moving from.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Lists of free negroes\" were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eActs passed by the Virginia Legislature in 1793 and 1803 required every “free negro” or “mulatto” to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. This collection contains records involved in the registration process. The registration language and process varied across localities, thus the information and type of records may differ. Registration records found in this collection include numbered certificates that recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the \nperson’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents. If \nemancipated, the emancipating owner, place, and date may be mentioned. There are affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of registered “free negroes” kept in the court house. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Black population from Virginia with a law that stated that any emancipated enslaved persons, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit the right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, emancipated enslaved persons could petition the local courts for permission to remain. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act passed by the Virginia legislature required that a register be kept by the clerk of court for every enslaved person held by any enslaver for his or her life only. See Revised Code of Virginia 1819, volume 1, p. 439, section 70; Code of Virginia 1849, chapter 103, section 8; and Code of Virginia 1860, chapter 103, section 14.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n","Beginning in 1778, enslavers who brought enslaved persons into Virginia were required to register the enslaved persons with the county court and sign an oath agreeing not to bring enslaved persons into the Commonwealth with the intent of selling them. Certificates of importation, sometimes entitled certificates of nonimportation, contain information whereby an enslaver swears that (s)he has not imported the enslaved person from Africa and that (s)he has not brought the enslaved person into Virginia with the purpose of selling the enslaved person. The enslaved person is sometimes named, but not always, and occasionally  information is given as to age, birthdate, and the state the individuals are moving from.\n","\"Lists of free negroes\" were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes.\n","Acts passed by the Virginia Legislature in 1793 and 1803 required every “free negro” or “mulatto” to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. This collection contains records involved in the registration process. The registration language and process varied across localities, thus the information and type of records may differ. Registration records found in this collection include numbered certificates that recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the \nperson’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents. If \nemancipated, the emancipating owner, place, and date may be mentioned. There are affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of registered “free negroes” kept in the court house. \n","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Black population from Virginia with a law that stated that any emancipated enslaved persons, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit the right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, emancipated enslaved persons could petition the local courts for permission to remain. \n","An act passed by the Virginia legislature required that a register be kept by the clerk of court for every enslaved person held by any enslaver for his or her life only. See Revised Code of Virginia 1819, volume 1, p. 439, section 70; Code of Virginia 1849, chapter 103, section 8; and Code of Virginia 1860, chapter 103, section 14.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitial records may be found in the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection \u003c/extref\u003e Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n","Digitial records may be found in the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection   Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, consist of \"Applications for non-negro certification\" (1852-1853); \"Applications for registration as a free negro\"(1791-1858); \"Deeds of manumission or emancipation\" (1789-1810); \"Divisions of slaves as estate property\" (1818-1823, 1856); \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations\"(1794-1865, undated); \"Free negro and mulatto tax records\" (1824-1864); \"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth\" (1817-1863); \"Runaway slave causes\" (1804-1864); \"Slave hire papers\" (1817-1819, 1847); \"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves\" (1824-1836); Miscellaneous enslaved records (1812-1817, 1851-1854); and Miscellaneous free negro papers\" (1816-1864).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Applications for non-negro certification,\" 1852-1853, consist of requests by John Scott Bailey (1852) and Braxton Smith (1853) to be declared not a Black person due to their white or Native American ancestries. Bailey's application includes affidavits.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Applications for registration as a free negro,\" 1791-1858, are petitions and applications made to the court for a person to be registered as a free Black person or free person of color in Henrico County. Occasionally proof of free status is included. There is usually a notation on the document as to the outcome of the application.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Deeds of manumission or emancipation,\" 1789-1810, record the name of the former enslaver, the name of the enslaved person, the date or age at which the enslaved person will be freed, the date the deed was written, and the date the deed was proved. The age of the enslaved person at the time the deed was written, a surname assigned to the freed enslaved person by the enslaver, and the enslaver's reason for emancipation are sometimes given.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivisions of enslaved persons as estate property, 1818-1823, 1856, are records created by commissioners appointed by the court to divide enslaved persons between the heirs of a deceased person. Listed are the heirs, which enslaved persons they received from the estate, and sometimes the valuation of the enslaved individual.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations,\" 1794-1865, undated, recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the  person’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents.  If emancipated, emancipating enslaver, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration are usually recorded. There may also be affidavits that were  given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In  addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of  registered “free negroes” kept in the court house.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \"Free Negro and mulatto Tax records,\"1824-1864, were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes, and records the names of free adult Black persons and persons of color within a district, as well as children, place of abode, and trade or occupation for the adult males and females.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection include \"lists of free negroes,\" \"lists of delinquent free negro taxpayers\", and \"lists of free negroes offered for hire to pay off their delinquent taxes.\" Not every type of list exists for every year. The lists of delinquent taxpayers and free negroes offered for hire include names, usually the amount of tax delinquent, and sometimes to whom hired and the amount paid for the hire. Notations are also made if effects were found that could be seized and sold in order to pay off the tax owed. One list from 1851 indicates that some of the free Black persons on the delinquent tax lists were enslavers. The lists of free negroes include name, age, and occupation. Some lists indicate where a person was registered as a free person. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth,\" 1817-1863, record the name of the petitioner, the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county often  with accompanying  names of citizens who can testify  to the free status or who support  the request of the  petitioner to remain. Free registrations and other supporting documents may also be included.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Runaway slave causes,\" 1804-1864, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators and jailed, bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, newspaper clippings of \"runaway advertisements\", and other courses of action taken to determine who a enslaved person's enslaver was. The name of the enslaved person is included as is the enslaver's name if that could be determined.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Slave hire papers,\" 1817-1819, 1847, are records of private arrangements of slave hires.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves,\" 1824-1836, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators whose enslavers could not be found who were then assigned a value and sold by the court. Included are the name of the enslaved person, the assigned value, sometimes bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, and sometimes information about the purchaser.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous enslaved records, 1812-1854, include a list of enslaved persons bequeathed to Sarah Gunn in the will of her son James Gunn (1812); the memo of William Fulcher as agent for Andrew Smith about enslaved persons exported from Virginia (1813); Abel Upshur's certificate for transport of enslaved persons into the state (1817); a list of enslaved persons held for a term of years or for life (1851); and a list of enslaved persons belonging to the estate of John H. Washington (1854).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous free Black persons and free people of color papers, 1816-1864, include county claims related to Harry Davis, a free man who died after being erroneously taken up as a \"runaway\" (1816); a letter of character for Anthony Matthews to receive a business license (1818); a letter of character for William Lucas to get a shopkeeper's license (1822); an order concerning the hire of Hannah Richardson after being jailed as a \"runaway\" in order to pay her jail fees (1836); the hiring out of Livinia to pay her jail fees (1856); an advertisement by Robert Morse for the return of his lost free papers (1859); Mary Watson's summons for witnesses to prove her freedom (1859); bond of George Jones to leave the state within ten days (1860); and two notices of free Black persons hired out or sold into enslavement (1864).\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, consist of \"Applications for non-negro certification\" (1852-1853); \"Applications for registration as a free negro\"(1791-1858); \"Deeds of manumission or emancipation\" (1789-1810); \"Divisions of slaves as estate property\" (1818-1823, 1856); \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations\"(1794-1865, undated); \"Free negro and mulatto tax records\" (1824-1864); \"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth\" (1817-1863); \"Runaway slave causes\" (1804-1864); \"Slave hire papers\" (1817-1819, 1847); \"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves\" (1824-1836); Miscellaneous enslaved records (1812-1817, 1851-1854); and Miscellaneous free negro papers\" (1816-1864).\n","\"Applications for non-negro certification,\" 1852-1853, consist of requests by John Scott Bailey (1852) and Braxton Smith (1853) to be declared not a Black person due to their white or Native American ancestries. Bailey's application includes affidavits.\n","\"Applications for registration as a free negro,\" 1791-1858, are petitions and applications made to the court for a person to be registered as a free Black person or free person of color in Henrico County. Occasionally proof of free status is included. There is usually a notation on the document as to the outcome of the application.\n","\"Deeds of manumission or emancipation,\" 1789-1810, record the name of the former enslaver, the name of the enslaved person, the date or age at which the enslaved person will be freed, the date the deed was written, and the date the deed was proved. The age of the enslaved person at the time the deed was written, a surname assigned to the freed enslaved person by the enslaver, and the enslaver's reason for emancipation are sometimes given.\n","Divisions of enslaved persons as estate property, 1818-1823, 1856, are records created by commissioners appointed by the court to divide enslaved persons between the heirs of a deceased person. Listed are the heirs, which enslaved persons they received from the estate, and sometimes the valuation of the enslaved individual.\n"," \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations,\" 1794-1865, undated, recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the  person’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents.  If emancipated, emancipating enslaver, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration are usually recorded. There may also be affidavits that were  given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In  addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of  registered “free negroes” kept in the court house.\n"," \"Free Negro and mulatto Tax records,\"1824-1864, were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes, and records the names of free adult Black persons and persons of color within a district, as well as children, place of abode, and trade or occupation for the adult males and females.","This collection include \"lists of free negroes,\" \"lists of delinquent free negro taxpayers\", and \"lists of free negroes offered for hire to pay off their delinquent taxes.\" Not every type of list exists for every year. The lists of delinquent taxpayers and free negroes offered for hire include names, usually the amount of tax delinquent, and sometimes to whom hired and the amount paid for the hire. Notations are also made if effects were found that could be seized and sold in order to pay off the tax owed. One list from 1851 indicates that some of the free Black persons on the delinquent tax lists were enslavers. The lists of free negroes include name, age, and occupation. Some lists indicate where a person was registered as a free person. ","\"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth,\" 1817-1863, record the name of the petitioner, the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county often  with accompanying  names of citizens who can testify  to the free status or who support  the request of the  petitioner to remain. Free registrations and other supporting documents may also be included.\n","\"Runaway slave causes,\" 1804-1864, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators and jailed, bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, newspaper clippings of \"runaway advertisements\", and other courses of action taken to determine who a enslaved person's enslaver was. The name of the enslaved person is included as is the enslaver's name if that could be determined.\n","\"Slave hire papers,\" 1817-1819, 1847, are records of private arrangements of slave hires.\n","\"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves,\" 1824-1836, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators whose enslavers could not be found who were then assigned a value and sold by the court. Included are the name of the enslaved person, the assigned value, sometimes bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, and sometimes information about the purchaser.\n","Miscellaneous enslaved records, 1812-1854, include a list of enslaved persons bequeathed to Sarah Gunn in the will of her son James Gunn (1812); the memo of William Fulcher as agent for Andrew Smith about enslaved persons exported from Virginia (1813); Abel Upshur's certificate for transport of enslaved persons into the state (1817); a list of enslaved persons held for a term of years or for life (1851); and a list of enslaved persons belonging to the estate of John H. Washington (1854).\n","Miscellaneous free Black persons and free people of color papers, 1816-1864, include county claims related to Harry Davis, a free man who died after being erroneously taken up as a \"runaway\" (1816); a letter of character for Anthony Matthews to receive a business license (1818); a letter of character for William Lucas to get a shopkeeper's license (1822); an order concerning the hire of Hannah Richardson after being jailed as a \"runaway\" in order to pay her jail fees (1836); the hiring out of Livinia to pay her jail fees (1856); an advertisement by Robert Morse for the return of his lost free papers (1859); Mary Watson's summons for witnesses to prove her freedom (1859); bond of George Jones to leave the state within ten days (1860); and two notices of free Black persons hired out or sold into enslavement (1864).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:39:56.710Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02778","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02778","_root_":"vi_vi02778","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02778","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02778.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1118451, 1160828, 1186850 \n"],"text":["1118451, 1160828, 1186850 \n","Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865","1.5 cu. ft. (3 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged chronologically by record type. \n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n","Beginning in 1778, enslavers who brought enslaved persons into Virginia were required to register the enslaved persons with the county court and sign an oath agreeing not to bring enslaved persons into the Commonwealth with the intent of selling them. Certificates of importation, sometimes entitled certificates of nonimportation, contain information whereby an enslaver swears that (s)he has not imported the enslaved person from Africa and that (s)he has not brought the enslaved person into Virginia with the purpose of selling the enslaved person. The enslaved person is sometimes named, but not always, and occasionally  information is given as to age, birthdate, and the state the individuals are moving from.\n","\"Lists of free negroes\" were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes.\n","Acts passed by the Virginia Legislature in 1793 and 1803 required every “free negro” or “mulatto” to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. This collection contains records involved in the registration process. The registration language and process varied across localities, thus the information and type of records may differ. Registration records found in this collection include numbered certificates that recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the \nperson’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents. If \nemancipated, the emancipating owner, place, and date may be mentioned. There are affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of registered “free negroes” kept in the court house. \n","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Black population from Virginia with a law that stated that any emancipated enslaved persons, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit the right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, emancipated enslaved persons could petition the local courts for permission to remain. \n","An act passed by the Virginia legislature required that a register be kept by the clerk of court for every enslaved person held by any enslaver for his or her life only. See Revised Code of Virginia 1819, volume 1, p. 439, section 70; Code of Virginia 1849, chapter 103, section 8; and Code of Virginia 1860, chapter 103, section 14.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.","Additional Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n","Digitial records may be found in the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection   Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection available at Virginia Memory.","Materials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, consist of \"Applications for non-negro certification\" (1852-1853); \"Applications for registration as a free negro\"(1791-1858); \"Deeds of manumission or emancipation\" (1789-1810); \"Divisions of slaves as estate property\" (1818-1823, 1856); \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations\"(1794-1865, undated); \"Free negro and mulatto tax records\" (1824-1864); \"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth\" (1817-1863); \"Runaway slave causes\" (1804-1864); \"Slave hire papers\" (1817-1819, 1847); \"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves\" (1824-1836); Miscellaneous enslaved records (1812-1817, 1851-1854); and Miscellaneous free negro papers\" (1816-1864).\n","\"Applications for non-negro certification,\" 1852-1853, consist of requests by John Scott Bailey (1852) and Braxton Smith (1853) to be declared not a Black person due to their white or Native American ancestries. Bailey's application includes affidavits.\n","\"Applications for registration as a free negro,\" 1791-1858, are petitions and applications made to the court for a person to be registered as a free Black person or free person of color in Henrico County. Occasionally proof of free status is included. There is usually a notation on the document as to the outcome of the application.\n","\"Deeds of manumission or emancipation,\" 1789-1810, record the name of the former enslaver, the name of the enslaved person, the date or age at which the enslaved person will be freed, the date the deed was written, and the date the deed was proved. The age of the enslaved person at the time the deed was written, a surname assigned to the freed enslaved person by the enslaver, and the enslaver's reason for emancipation are sometimes given.\n","Divisions of enslaved persons as estate property, 1818-1823, 1856, are records created by commissioners appointed by the court to divide enslaved persons between the heirs of a deceased person. Listed are the heirs, which enslaved persons they received from the estate, and sometimes the valuation of the enslaved individual.\n"," \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations,\" 1794-1865, undated, recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the  person’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents.  If emancipated, emancipating enslaver, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration are usually recorded. There may also be affidavits that were  given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In  addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of  registered “free negroes” kept in the court house.\n"," \"Free Negro and mulatto Tax records,\"1824-1864, were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes, and records the names of free adult Black persons and persons of color within a district, as well as children, place of abode, and trade or occupation for the adult males and females.","This collection include \"lists of free negroes,\" \"lists of delinquent free negro taxpayers\", and \"lists of free negroes offered for hire to pay off their delinquent taxes.\" Not every type of list exists for every year. The lists of delinquent taxpayers and free negroes offered for hire include names, usually the amount of tax delinquent, and sometimes to whom hired and the amount paid for the hire. Notations are also made if effects were found that could be seized and sold in order to pay off the tax owed. One list from 1851 indicates that some of the free Black persons on the delinquent tax lists were enslavers. The lists of free negroes include name, age, and occupation. Some lists indicate where a person was registered as a free person. ","\"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth,\" 1817-1863, record the name of the petitioner, the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county often  with accompanying  names of citizens who can testify  to the free status or who support  the request of the  petitioner to remain. Free registrations and other supporting documents may also be included.\n","\"Runaway slave causes,\" 1804-1864, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators and jailed, bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, newspaper clippings of \"runaway advertisements\", and other courses of action taken to determine who a enslaved person's enslaver was. The name of the enslaved person is included as is the enslaver's name if that could be determined.\n","\"Slave hire papers,\" 1817-1819, 1847, are records of private arrangements of slave hires.\n","\"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves,\" 1824-1836, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators whose enslavers could not be found who were then assigned a value and sold by the court. Included are the name of the enslaved person, the assigned value, sometimes bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, and sometimes information about the purchaser.\n","Miscellaneous enslaved records, 1812-1854, include a list of enslaved persons bequeathed to Sarah Gunn in the will of her son James Gunn (1812); the memo of William Fulcher as agent for Andrew Smith about enslaved persons exported from Virginia (1813); Abel Upshur's certificate for transport of enslaved persons into the state (1817); a list of enslaved persons held for a term of years or for life (1851); and a list of enslaved persons belonging to the estate of John H. Washington (1854).\n","Miscellaneous free Black persons and free people of color papers, 1816-1864, include county claims related to Harry Davis, a free man who died after being erroneously taken up as a \"runaway\" (1816); a letter of character for Anthony Matthews to receive a business license (1818); a letter of character for William Lucas to get a shopkeeper's license (1822); an order concerning the hire of Hannah Richardson after being jailed as a \"runaway\" in order to pay her jail fees (1836); the hiring out of Livinia to pay her jail fees (1856); an advertisement by Robert Morse for the return of his lost free papers (1859); Mary Watson's summons for witnesses to prove her freedom (1859); bond of George Jones to leave the state within ten days (1860); and two notices of free Black persons hired out or sold into enslavement (1864).\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1118451, 1160828, 1186850 \n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, \n1789-1865"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Henrico County. \n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.5 cu. ft. (3 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by record type. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically by record type. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1778, enslavers who brought enslaved persons into Virginia were required to register the enslaved persons with the county court and sign an oath agreeing not to bring enslaved persons into the Commonwealth with the intent of selling them. Certificates of importation, sometimes entitled certificates of nonimportation, contain information whereby an enslaver swears that (s)he has not imported the enslaved person from Africa and that (s)he has not brought the enslaved person into Virginia with the purpose of selling the enslaved person. The enslaved person is sometimes named, but not always, and occasionally  information is given as to age, birthdate, and the state the individuals are moving from.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Lists of free negroes\" were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eActs passed by the Virginia Legislature in 1793 and 1803 required every “free negro” or “mulatto” to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. This collection contains records involved in the registration process. The registration language and process varied across localities, thus the information and type of records may differ. Registration records found in this collection include numbered certificates that recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the \nperson’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents. If \nemancipated, the emancipating owner, place, and date may be mentioned. There are affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of registered “free negroes” kept in the court house. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Black population from Virginia with a law that stated that any emancipated enslaved persons, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit the right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, emancipated enslaved persons could petition the local courts for permission to remain. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act passed by the Virginia legislature required that a register be kept by the clerk of court for every enslaved person held by any enslaver for his or her life only. See Revised Code of Virginia 1819, volume 1, p. 439, section 70; Code of Virginia 1849, chapter 103, section 8; and Code of Virginia 1860, chapter 103, section 14.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, the oldest son of James I. It was one of the eight original shires established in 1634. \n","Beginning in 1778, enslavers who brought enslaved persons into Virginia were required to register the enslaved persons with the county court and sign an oath agreeing not to bring enslaved persons into the Commonwealth with the intent of selling them. Certificates of importation, sometimes entitled certificates of nonimportation, contain information whereby an enslaver swears that (s)he has not imported the enslaved person from Africa and that (s)he has not brought the enslaved person into Virginia with the purpose of selling the enslaved person. The enslaved person is sometimes named, but not always, and occasionally  information is given as to age, birthdate, and the state the individuals are moving from.\n","\"Lists of free negroes\" were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes.\n","Acts passed by the Virginia Legislature in 1793 and 1803 required every “free negro” or “mulatto” to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. This collection contains records involved in the registration process. The registration language and process varied across localities, thus the information and type of records may differ. Registration records found in this collection include numbered certificates that recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the \nperson’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents. If \nemancipated, the emancipating owner, place, and date may be mentioned. There are affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of registered “free negroes” kept in the court house. \n","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Black population from Virginia with a law that stated that any emancipated enslaved persons, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit the right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, emancipated enslaved persons could petition the local courts for permission to remain. \n","An act passed by the Virginia legislature required that a register be kept by the clerk of court for every enslaved person held by any enslaver for his or her life only. See Revised Code of Virginia 1819, volume 1, p. 439, section 70; Code of Virginia 1849, chapter 103, section 8; and Code of Virginia 1860, chapter 103, section 14.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitial records may be found in the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection \u003c/extref\u003e Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Enslaved and Free Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n","Digitial records may be found in the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection   Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digitial Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, consist of \"Applications for non-negro certification\" (1852-1853); \"Applications for registration as a free negro\"(1791-1858); \"Deeds of manumission or emancipation\" (1789-1810); \"Divisions of slaves as estate property\" (1818-1823, 1856); \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations\"(1794-1865, undated); \"Free negro and mulatto tax records\" (1824-1864); \"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth\" (1817-1863); \"Runaway slave causes\" (1804-1864); \"Slave hire papers\" (1817-1819, 1847); \"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves\" (1824-1836); Miscellaneous enslaved records (1812-1817, 1851-1854); and Miscellaneous free negro papers\" (1816-1864).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Applications for non-negro certification,\" 1852-1853, consist of requests by John Scott Bailey (1852) and Braxton Smith (1853) to be declared not a Black person due to their white or Native American ancestries. Bailey's application includes affidavits.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Applications for registration as a free negro,\" 1791-1858, are petitions and applications made to the court for a person to be registered as a free Black person or free person of color in Henrico County. Occasionally proof of free status is included. There is usually a notation on the document as to the outcome of the application.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Deeds of manumission or emancipation,\" 1789-1810, record the name of the former enslaver, the name of the enslaved person, the date or age at which the enslaved person will be freed, the date the deed was written, and the date the deed was proved. The age of the enslaved person at the time the deed was written, a surname assigned to the freed enslaved person by the enslaver, and the enslaver's reason for emancipation are sometimes given.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivisions of enslaved persons as estate property, 1818-1823, 1856, are records created by commissioners appointed by the court to divide enslaved persons between the heirs of a deceased person. Listed are the heirs, which enslaved persons they received from the estate, and sometimes the valuation of the enslaved individual.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations,\" 1794-1865, undated, recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the  person’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents.  If emancipated, emancipating enslaver, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration are usually recorded. There may also be affidavits that were  given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In  addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of  registered “free negroes” kept in the court house.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \"Free Negro and mulatto Tax records,\"1824-1864, were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes, and records the names of free adult Black persons and persons of color within a district, as well as children, place of abode, and trade or occupation for the adult males and females.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection include \"lists of free negroes,\" \"lists of delinquent free negro taxpayers\", and \"lists of free negroes offered for hire to pay off their delinquent taxes.\" Not every type of list exists for every year. The lists of delinquent taxpayers and free negroes offered for hire include names, usually the amount of tax delinquent, and sometimes to whom hired and the amount paid for the hire. Notations are also made if effects were found that could be seized and sold in order to pay off the tax owed. One list from 1851 indicates that some of the free Black persons on the delinquent tax lists were enslavers. The lists of free negroes include name, age, and occupation. Some lists indicate where a person was registered as a free person. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth,\" 1817-1863, record the name of the petitioner, the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county often  with accompanying  names of citizens who can testify  to the free status or who support  the request of the  petitioner to remain. Free registrations and other supporting documents may also be included.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Runaway slave causes,\" 1804-1864, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators and jailed, bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, newspaper clippings of \"runaway advertisements\", and other courses of action taken to determine who a enslaved person's enslaver was. The name of the enslaved person is included as is the enslaver's name if that could be determined.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Slave hire papers,\" 1817-1819, 1847, are records of private arrangements of slave hires.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves,\" 1824-1836, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators whose enslavers could not be found who were then assigned a value and sold by the court. Included are the name of the enslaved person, the assigned value, sometimes bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, and sometimes information about the purchaser.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous enslaved records, 1812-1854, include a list of enslaved persons bequeathed to Sarah Gunn in the will of her son James Gunn (1812); the memo of William Fulcher as agent for Andrew Smith about enslaved persons exported from Virginia (1813); Abel Upshur's certificate for transport of enslaved persons into the state (1817); a list of enslaved persons held for a term of years or for life (1851); and a list of enslaved persons belonging to the estate of John H. Washington (1854).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous free Black persons and free people of color papers, 1816-1864, include county claims related to Harry Davis, a free man who died after being erroneously taken up as a \"runaway\" (1816); a letter of character for Anthony Matthews to receive a business license (1818); a letter of character for William Lucas to get a shopkeeper's license (1822); an order concerning the hire of Hannah Richardson after being jailed as a \"runaway\" in order to pay her jail fees (1836); the hiring out of Livinia to pay her jail fees (1856); an advertisement by Robert Morse for the return of his lost free papers (1859); Mary Watson's summons for witnesses to prove her freedom (1859); bond of George Jones to leave the state within ten days (1860); and two notices of free Black persons hired out or sold into enslavement (1864).\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the Library of Virginia’s collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Henrico County (Va.) Enslaved and Free Records, 1789-1865, consist of \"Applications for non-negro certification\" (1852-1853); \"Applications for registration as a free negro\"(1791-1858); \"Deeds of manumission or emancipation\" (1789-1810); \"Divisions of slaves as estate property\" (1818-1823, 1856); \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations\"(1794-1865, undated); \"Free negro and mulatto tax records\" (1824-1864); \"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth\" (1817-1863); \"Runaway slave causes\" (1804-1864); \"Slave hire papers\" (1817-1819, 1847); \"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves\" (1824-1836); Miscellaneous enslaved records (1812-1817, 1851-1854); and Miscellaneous free negro papers\" (1816-1864).\n","\"Applications for non-negro certification,\" 1852-1853, consist of requests by John Scott Bailey (1852) and Braxton Smith (1853) to be declared not a Black person due to their white or Native American ancestries. Bailey's application includes affidavits.\n","\"Applications for registration as a free negro,\" 1791-1858, are petitions and applications made to the court for a person to be registered as a free Black person or free person of color in Henrico County. Occasionally proof of free status is included. There is usually a notation on the document as to the outcome of the application.\n","\"Deeds of manumission or emancipation,\" 1789-1810, record the name of the former enslaver, the name of the enslaved person, the date or age at which the enslaved person will be freed, the date the deed was written, and the date the deed was proved. The age of the enslaved person at the time the deed was written, a surname assigned to the freed enslaved person by the enslaver, and the enslaver's reason for emancipation are sometimes given.\n","Divisions of enslaved persons as estate property, 1818-1823, 1856, are records created by commissioners appointed by the court to divide enslaved persons between the heirs of a deceased person. Listed are the heirs, which enslaved persons they received from the estate, and sometimes the valuation of the enslaved individual.\n"," \"Free Negro and Mulatto registrations,\" 1794-1865, undated, recorded the free person’s name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the  person’s freedom or emancipation. If born free, a reference is sometimes made to the parents.  If emancipated, emancipating enslaver, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration are usually recorded. There may also be affidavits that were  given by individuals affirming a free person’s status, as well as written descriptions of free persons. In  addition, there are registrations that are loose papers matching information found in the bound volumes of  registered “free negroes” kept in the court house.\n"," \"Free Negro and mulatto Tax records,\"1824-1864, were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes, and records the names of free adult Black persons and persons of color within a district, as well as children, place of abode, and trade or occupation for the adult males and females.","This collection include \"lists of free negroes,\" \"lists of delinquent free negro taxpayers\", and \"lists of free negroes offered for hire to pay off their delinquent taxes.\" Not every type of list exists for every year. The lists of delinquent taxpayers and free negroes offered for hire include names, usually the amount of tax delinquent, and sometimes to whom hired and the amount paid for the hire. Notations are also made if effects were found that could be seized and sold in order to pay off the tax owed. One list from 1851 indicates that some of the free Black persons on the delinquent tax lists were enslavers. The lists of free negroes include name, age, and occupation. Some lists indicate where a person was registered as a free person. ","\"Petitions to remain in the Commonwealth,\" 1817-1863, record the name of the petitioner, the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county often  with accompanying  names of citizens who can testify  to the free status or who support  the request of the  petitioner to remain. Free registrations and other supporting documents may also be included.\n","\"Runaway slave causes,\" 1804-1864, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators and jailed, bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, newspaper clippings of \"runaway advertisements\", and other courses of action taken to determine who a enslaved person's enslaver was. The name of the enslaved person is included as is the enslaver's name if that could be determined.\n","\"Slave hire papers,\" 1817-1819, 1847, are records of private arrangements of slave hires.\n","\"Valuations and sales of runaway slaves,\" 1824-1836, include information about persons taken up as self-liberators whose enslavers could not be found who were then assigned a value and sold by the court. Included are the name of the enslaved person, the assigned value, sometimes bills for advertisements placed in the newspaper, and sometimes information about the purchaser.\n","Miscellaneous enslaved records, 1812-1854, include a list of enslaved persons bequeathed to Sarah Gunn in the will of her son James Gunn (1812); the memo of William Fulcher as agent for Andrew Smith about enslaved persons exported from Virginia (1813); Abel Upshur's certificate for transport of enslaved persons into the state (1817); a list of enslaved persons held for a term of years or for life (1851); and a list of enslaved persons belonging to the estate of John H. Washington (1854).\n","Miscellaneous free Black persons and free people of color papers, 1816-1864, include county claims related to Harry Davis, a free man who died after being erroneously taken up as a \"runaway\" (1816); a letter of character for Anthony Matthews to receive a business license (1818); a letter of character for William Lucas to get a shopkeeper's license (1822); an order concerning the hire of Hannah Richardson after being jailed as a \"runaway\" in order to pay her jail fees (1836); the hiring out of Livinia to pay her jail fees (1856); an advertisement by Robert Morse for the return of his lost free papers (1859); Mary Watson's summons for witnesses to prove her freedom (1859); bond of George Jones to leave the state within ten days (1860); and two notices of free Black persons hired out or sold into enslavement (1864).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:39:56.710Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02778"}},{"id":"vi_vi05680","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05680#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05680#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05680#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05680","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05680","_root_":"vi_vi05680","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05680","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05680.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Barcode numbers 1023317, 1043236, 1108074, 1047709, 1047714, 1108075\n"],"text":["Barcode numbers 1023317, 1043236, 1108074, 1047709, 1047714, 1108075\n","Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated","2.35 cu. ft. ; 2 v.","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  \n","Estrays were stray livestock found wandering. An inquest was held to determine the value of the livestock in order to reimburse the person who had found and cared for the animal. The report generally includes a physical description of the animal as well as an assessed monetary value.\n","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  found at the Library of Virginia web site. ","Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal.  \n"," Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are\nmissing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War\ncounty court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were\ndestroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit\ncourt held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."," This box contains only a small amount of Estray material, and is housed with records concerning Public buildings and grounds, 1809-1899, Mechanics liens, 1874, 1883, Salt Agent reports, 1862-1869, Letters of character, 1894, Powers of Attorney, 1810-1900, Prisoner records, 1788-1895, and Prison bounds, 1783-1821.\n"," In addition to Estrays, this box contains tax and fiscal records concerning deliquent real estate. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["Barcode numbers 1023317, 1043236, 1108074, 1047709, 1047714, 1108075\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Henrico County as part of accessions 24777 and 21718.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2.35 cu. ft. ; 2 v."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstrays were stray livestock found wandering. An inquest was held to determine the value of the livestock in order to reimburse the person who had found and cared for the animal. The report generally includes a physical description of the animal as well as an assessed monetary value.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  \n","Estrays were stray livestock found wandering. An inquest was held to determine the value of the livestock in order to reimburse the person who had found and cared for the animal. The report generally includes a physical description of the animal as well as an assessed monetary value.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  found at the Library of Virginia web site. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are\nmissing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War\ncounty court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were\ndestroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit\ncourt held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e This box contains only a small amount of Estray material, and is housed with records concerning Public buildings and grounds, 1809-1899, Mechanics liens, 1874, 1883, Salt Agent reports, 1862-1869, Letters of character, 1894, Powers of Attorney, 1810-1900, Prisoner records, 1788-1895, and Prison bounds, 1783-1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In addition to Estrays, this box contains tax and fiscal records concerning deliquent real estate. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal.  \n"," Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are\nmissing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War\ncounty court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were\ndestroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit\ncourt held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."," This box contains only a small amount of Estray material, and is housed with records concerning Public buildings and grounds, 1809-1899, Mechanics liens, 1874, 1883, Salt Agent reports, 1862-1869, Letters of character, 1894, Powers of Attorney, 1810-1900, Prisoner records, 1788-1895, and Prison bounds, 1783-1821.\n"," In addition to Estrays, this box contains tax and fiscal records concerning deliquent real estate. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:59:46.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05680","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05680","_root_":"vi_vi05680","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05680","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05680.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Barcode numbers 1023317, 1043236, 1108074, 1047709, 1047714, 1108075\n"],"text":["Barcode numbers 1023317, 1043236, 1108074, 1047709, 1047714, 1108075\n","Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated","2.35 cu. ft. ; 2 v.","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  \n","Estrays were stray livestock found wandering. An inquest was held to determine the value of the livestock in order to reimburse the person who had found and cared for the animal. The report generally includes a physical description of the animal as well as an assessed monetary value.\n","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  found at the Library of Virginia web site. ","Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal.  \n"," Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are\nmissing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War\ncounty court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were\ndestroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit\ncourt held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."," This box contains only a small amount of Estray material, and is housed with records concerning Public buildings and grounds, 1809-1899, Mechanics liens, 1874, 1883, Salt Agent reports, 1862-1869, Letters of character, 1894, Powers of Attorney, 1810-1900, Prisoner records, 1788-1895, and Prison bounds, 1783-1821.\n"," In addition to Estrays, this box contains tax and fiscal records concerning deliquent real estate. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["Barcode numbers 1023317, 1043236, 1108074, 1047709, 1047714, 1108075\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, \n1781-1916, undated"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Henrico County as part of accessions 24777 and 21718.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2.35 cu. ft. ; 2 v."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstrays were stray livestock found wandering. An inquest was held to determine the value of the livestock in order to reimburse the person who had found and cared for the animal. The report generally includes a physical description of the animal as well as an assessed monetary value.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  \n","Estrays were stray livestock found wandering. An inquest was held to determine the value of the livestock in order to reimburse the person who had found and cared for the animal. The report generally includes a physical description of the animal as well as an assessed monetary value.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  found at the Library of Virginia web site. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are\nmissing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War\ncounty court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were\ndestroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit\ncourt held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e This box contains only a small amount of Estray material, and is housed with records concerning Public buildings and grounds, 1809-1899, Mechanics liens, 1874, 1883, Salt Agent reports, 1862-1869, Letters of character, 1894, Powers of Attorney, 1810-1900, Prisoner records, 1788-1895, and Prison bounds, 1783-1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In addition to Estrays, this box contains tax and fiscal records concerning deliquent real estate. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Estray Records, 1781-1916, undated, contain various loose and bound records giving public notice of valuable, tame animals, either lost or found wandering and presumed escaped from their owners, allowing the owners to reclaim the animals. Enteries generally indicate by whom the animal was taken up, before what justice the person went and when, and the description and appraisement (value) of the animal.  \n"," Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are\nmissing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War\ncounty court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were\ndestroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit\ncourt held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."," This box contains only a small amount of Estray material, and is housed with records concerning Public buildings and grounds, 1809-1899, Mechanics liens, 1874, 1883, Salt Agent reports, 1862-1869, Letters of character, 1894, Powers of Attorney, 1810-1900, Prisoner records, 1788-1895, and Prison bounds, 1783-1821.\n"," In addition to Estrays, this box contains tax and fiscal records concerning deliquent real estate. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:59:46.771Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05680"}},{"id":"vi_vi05630","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05630#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05630#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05630#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05630","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05630","_root_":"vi_vi05630","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05630","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05630.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1047413-1140176 circa\n"],"text":["1047413-1140176 circa\n","Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated","1.1 cu. ft and 49 v.","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. \n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond. ","Additional Henrico County records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm .\n","See the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.\n","For more information and a listing of lost records localities see  Lost Records research note . \n","Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. "," This collection largely consists of Fiduciary Bonds. ","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1047413-1140176 circa\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Henrico County.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.1 cu. ft and 49 v."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. \n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\u003c/extref\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e available at Virginia Memory.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information and a listing of lost records localities see \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/guides/rn30_lostrecords.pdf\"\u003eLost Records research note\u003c/extref\u003e. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm .\n","See the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.\n","For more information and a listing of lost records localities see  Lost Records research note . \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e This collection largely consists of Fiduciary Bonds. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. "," This collection largely consists of Fiduciary Bonds. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:09:11.954Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05630","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05630","_root_":"vi_vi05630","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05630","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05630.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1047413-1140176 circa\n"],"text":["1047413-1140176 circa\n","Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated","1.1 cu. ft and 49 v.","There are no restrictions.\n","Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. \n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond. ","Additional Henrico County records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm .\n","See the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.\n","For more information and a listing of lost records localities see  Lost Records research note . \n","Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. "," This collection largely consists of Fiduciary Bonds. ","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1047413-1140176 circa\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records\n1737-1961, undated"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Henrico County.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.1 cu. ft and 49 v."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King James I. It was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. \n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\u003c/extref\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e available at Virginia Memory.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information and a listing of lost records localities see \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/guides/rn30_lostrecords.pdf\"\u003eLost Records research note\u003c/extref\u003e. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm .\n","See the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection  available at Virginia Memory.\n","For more information and a listing of lost records localities see  Lost Records research note . \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e This collection largely consists of Fiduciary Bonds. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1737-1961, undated, include miscellaneous records filed in a local court by trustees, administrators, executors, guardians, and committees that related to the performance of their duties managing a person's estate. These records typically include the following; bonds, appraisements, audits, inventories, accounts, estate divisions, settlements, dowery records, etc. Information related to enslaved people are commonly found in these records. "," This collection largely consists of Fiduciary Bonds. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:09:11.954Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05630"}},{"id":"vi_vi01649","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01649#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01649#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01649#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi01649","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01649","_root_":"vi_vi01649","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01649","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01649.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1177420-1177422\n"],"text":["1177420-1177422\n","Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954","Land tenure--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Roads--Design and construction.","Historical maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Manuscript maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plans (maps)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plats--Virginia--Henrico County.","2 cu. ft. (2 boxes) and 1 map drawer","There are no restrictions.\n","Some of these items, particularly the land plats and surveys, may be recorded in the Henrico County Plat Books which are available on microfilm on Henrico County (Va.) Reels 114, 178-181.\n","This collection is arranged into the following local records series:  Land Records and Road and Bridge Records.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n","Additional Henrico County land records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia.\n","Land Records include any map, survey, plat, or plan that was made in connection with a land transaction, estate settlement, or court case.","Road and Bridge Records include any map, survey, plat, drawing or plan that was produced in connection with a Richmond City, Henrico County, or state of Virginia road or bridge project.  Some of the documents relate to improvements along the canal in Richmond.","N.B.  This finding aid is part of an ongoing project to process and catalog the Henrico County maps and plats in the Library of Virginia's archival holdings.  It will be updated from time to time.","Includes maps, plats and surveys of land that may be related to estate settlements, deeds, exhibits in a court case, or as an advertisement for land sales.  Some of the documents are for land that falls outside of Henrico County or is for property that once was part of Henrico but now falls within the city limits of Richmond.\n","Notes: Mentions Reedy/Ready Creek.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining lands labeled as the Cider Mill tract, and belonging to Goodman, Lindsey, and Childress.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd showing Kensington St. to Monument Ave. and Roseneath Rd. to Sheppard St.\n\t","Notes: Showing Rocketts Mills, Gilleys Creek, Rocketts Bridge, Rocketts St., Poplar St., Ash St., Elm St., and County or River Rd.\n\t","Notes: Subscribers apppointed by order of Prince Edward Co. to divide estate of Abraham Venable have further proceeded to a division of the unimproved lots in City of Richmond belonging to estate of A. B. Venable comveyed to him by Adams, December 13, 1805.\n\t","Notes: City of Richmond by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.....on the road leading from Richmond by Fairfield to the meadow bridges....road leading from Richmond through the Bowling Green towards the Meadow bridges.\n","Notes: On reverse: 1818 August produced in court and ordered recorded; plot, advertisement, and sale of Anderson Barret land.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining Water Street late the property of John Banks, by Richard Young.  Possibly related to Alexander Fulton and the Marion Hill Company.\n\t","Notes: This map not conserved.  See conserved copy in Map Cabinet 7 Drawer 4.\n\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and plan of the Bowling Green village.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Charles City Rd., Darby Rd., racefield.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River to east, Hog-Pen Creek, Bremo Creek.\n\t","Notes: Showing Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, Brook Turnpike, Brook schoolhouse, Brook Run.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and acerage.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and names of purchasers.  Showing J St. to Brook Rd. and Pine St.\n\t","Notes: Belonging to Susan H. Sharpe.\n\t","Notes: Showing the New Charles City Rd. and names of grantors with acreage.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Turkey Island Creek, Charles City Rd.\n\t","Notes: Showing Ashland St. to Harvie St. and Robinson St. to [Carter] St.  Laid out for Mr. Charles M. Wallace...to be sold at auction...by Alexander Y. Lee, architect and civil engineer.\n\t","Notes: Hermitage Land Company, owners.  By T. C. Redd and Bro.  Marked Exhibit A: E. A. Catlin, 1914, Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  Rolled inside another map marked as an exhibit in Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing \"Reveille,\" Leonard Heights, Monument Heights.  By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  On reverse marked: Filed with commissioner Gardner's report May 27, 1914 Patterson vs. Patterson, exhibit C.P.E.B. number 2.\n\t\t","Notes: Surveyed by James T. Redd.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing 25th to 28th streets and Venable (or Q) St. to the county road.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and the toll house.\n\t\t","Notes: plat of the land allotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of [illegible] Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Scuffletown, Westham Rd., street in line with F St.  by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.\n\t\t","Notes: a plat of the land alotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of his brother Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Rocky Branch, North Run of the Brook, new road to the Pitts, Brook Turnpike, Owens Tavern, lot owner's names.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Harris to McCoull streets, Fisher to Almond streets and the James River, Academy, and some names of lot owners.  Note: 1819 November 3rd presented in court by Alexander Fulton, trustee for the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Shows Powhatan mansion house and family burying ground, James River, street names to north and west.\n\t\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing 15th St. east to 22nd St., D St. with canal to docks of Richmond Dock Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Includes Edward Colgin's estate called Batchelor's Point and James River.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By James T. Redd and Sons.  Showing Crenshaw Ave. to Lombardy St. and Richmond College; Broad St. to Reservoir Park and Beverley St.\n\t\t","Notes: By W. E. Cutshaw, city engineer, for circuit court cases City of Richmond vs. County of Henrico and Atkinson vs. City of Richmond and County of Henrico.  Showing James River, Maymont, Shield's Grove, Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Virginia Union University, Hartshorn College, Old Fairgrounds, Richmond Union Stockyards, Spruce St., Nelson St., Crenshaw Ave. to Randolph and Oak St., \"Old Corporation Line\" and \"New Corporation Line.\"\n\t","Notes: written on reverse:  Patterson vs. Patterson.  Exhibit: Gillette, with stamped date May 20, 1914. Filed with Commissioner Gardner's report.  Probably drawn by Charles Gillette.\n\t","Notes:  Property of Richmond Fairfield Railway Co.  Showing section along Nine Mile Rd. and Williamsburg Rd.\n\t","Includes  blueprints, maps, and plats for road, bridge, and canal improvements in and around Henrico County undertaken by various agencies.\n","Notes:  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.  By Elliot Lacy, Surveyor G. C.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  \"The contents you may see by the above plot, Surveyed June 2d, 1786.\"  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing Mayo's Bridge east to Peach St., D St. to docks and Cripple Island or Sandy Bar Fishery.\n\t\t","Notes:  red lines show tentative county highway system; yellow lines show state highway system.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  On reverse written: Acca Station, Board of Supervisors Henrico Co. in the matter of petition of Jos. Bryan for improvement of road passing Acca Station.  Map #2 with report of views.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plat of the country road, continuation of Westwood Ave....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plan showing a proposed road 50 feet wide....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes:  by Richmond Department of Public Works.  One map for each property affected.\n\t","Notes: Stapled onto map: a paper reading: Defendant exhibit (3) Fleet.  Filed June 24, 1958.\n\t","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1177420-1177422\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Henrico County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land tenure--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Roads--Design and construction.","Historical maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Manuscript maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plans (maps)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plats--Virginia--Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land tenure--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Roads--Design and construction.","Historical maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Manuscript maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plans (maps)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plats--Virginia--Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 cu. ft. (2 boxes) and 1 map drawer"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of these items, particularly the land plats and surveys, may be recorded in the Henrico County Plat Books which are available on microfilm on Henrico County (Va.) Reels 114, 178-181.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available\n"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of these items, particularly the land plats and surveys, may be recorded in the Henrico County Plat Books which are available on microfilm on Henrico County (Va.) Reels 114, 178-181.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following local records series:  Land Records and Road and Bridge Records.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following local records series:  Land Records and Road and Bridge Records.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County land records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County land records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLand Records include any map, survey, plat, or plan that was made in connection with a land transaction, estate settlement, or court case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoad and Bridge Records include any map, survey, plat, drawing or plan that was produced in connection with a Richmond City, Henrico County, or state of Virginia road or bridge project.  Some of the documents relate to improvements along the canal in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eN.B.  This finding aid is part of an ongoing project to process and catalog the Henrico County maps and plats in the Library of Virginia's archival holdings.  It will be updated from time to time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes maps, plats and surveys of land that may be related to estate settlements, deeds, exhibits in a court case, or as an advertisement for land sales.  Some of the documents are for land that falls outside of Henrico County or is for property that once was part of Henrico but now falls within the city limits of Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Mentions Reedy/Ready Creek.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Adjoining lands labeled as the Cider Mill tract, and belonging to Goodman, Lindsey, and Childress.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By T. Crawford Redd showing Kensington St. to Monument Ave. and Roseneath Rd. to Sheppard St.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Rocketts Mills, Gilleys Creek, Rocketts Bridge, Rocketts St., Poplar St., Ash St., Elm St., and County or River Rd.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Subscribers apppointed by order of Prince Edward Co. to divide estate of Abraham Venable have further proceeded to a division of the unimproved lots in City of Richmond belonging to estate of A. B. Venable comveyed to him by Adams, December 13, 1805.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: City of Richmond by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.....on the road leading from Richmond by Fairfield to the meadow bridges....road leading from Richmond through the Bowling Green towards the Meadow bridges.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: On reverse: 1818 August produced in court and ordered recorded; plot, advertisement, and sale of Anderson Barret land.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Adjoining Water Street late the property of John Banks, by Richard Young.  Possibly related to Alexander Fulton and the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: This map not conserved.  See conserved copy in Map Cabinet 7 Drawer 4.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and plan of the Bowling Green village.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing James River, Charles City Rd., Darby Rd., racefield.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing James River to east, Hog-Pen Creek, Bremo Creek.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, Brook Turnpike, Brook schoolhouse, Brook Run.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Includes lot numbers and acerage.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Includes lot numbers and names of purchasers.  Showing J St. to Brook Rd. and Pine St.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Belonging to Susan H. Sharpe.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing the New Charles City Rd. and names of grantors with acreage.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing James River, Turkey Island Creek, Charles City Rd.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Ashland St. to Harvie St. and Robinson St. to [Carter] St.  Laid out for Mr. Charles M. Wallace...to be sold at auction...by Alexander Y. Lee, architect and civil engineer.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Hermitage Land Company, owners.  By T. C. Redd and Bro.  Marked Exhibit A: E. A. Catlin, 1914, Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  Rolled inside another map marked as an exhibit in Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing \"Reveille,\" Leonard Heights, Monument Heights.  By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  On reverse marked: Filed with commissioner Gardner's report May 27, 1914 Patterson vs. Patterson, exhibit C.P.E.B. number 2.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Surveyed by James T. Redd.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing 25th to 28th streets and Venable (or Q) St. to the county road.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and the toll house.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: plat of the land allotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of [illegible] Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Scuffletown, Westham Rd., street in line with F St.  by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: a plat of the land alotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of his brother Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Rocky Branch, North Run of the Brook, new road to the Pitts, Brook Turnpike, Owens Tavern, lot owner's names.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Harris to McCoull streets, Fisher to Almond streets and the James River, Academy, and some names of lot owners.  Note: 1819 November 3rd presented in court by Alexander Fulton, trustee for the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Shows Powhatan mansion house and family burying ground, James River, street names to north and west.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Richard Young.  Showing 15th St. east to 22nd St., D St. with canal to docks of Richmond Dock Company.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Includes Edward Colgin's estate called Batchelor's Point and James River.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By James T. Redd and Sons.  Showing Crenshaw Ave. to Lombardy St. and Richmond College; Broad St. to Reservoir Park and Beverley St.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By W. E. Cutshaw, city engineer, for circuit court cases City of Richmond vs. County of Henrico and Atkinson vs. City of Richmond and County of Henrico.  Showing James River, Maymont, Shield's Grove, Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Virginia Union University, Hartshorn College, Old Fairgrounds, Richmond Union Stockyards, Spruce St., Nelson St., Crenshaw Ave. to Randolph and Oak St., \"Old Corporation Line\" and \"New Corporation Line.\"\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: written on reverse:  Patterson vs. Patterson.  Exhibit: Gillette, with stamped date May 20, 1914. Filed with Commissioner Gardner's report.  Probably drawn by Charles Gillette.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  Property of Richmond Fairfield Railway Co.  Showing section along Nine Mile Rd. and Williamsburg Rd.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes  blueprints, maps, and plats for road, bridge, and canal improvements in and around Henrico County undertaken by various agencies.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.  By Elliot Lacy, Surveyor G. C.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  \"The contents you may see by the above plot, Surveyed June 2d, 1786.\"  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Richard Young.  Showing Mayo's Bridge east to Peach St., D St. to docks and Cripple Island or Sandy Bar Fishery.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  red lines show tentative county highway system; yellow lines show state highway system.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026amp; Bro.  On reverse written: Acca Station, Board of Supervisors Henrico Co. in the matter of petition of Jos. Bryan for improvement of road passing Acca Station.  Map #2 with report of views.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026amp; Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plat of the country road, continuation of Westwood Ave....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By T. Crawford Redd \u0026amp; Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plan showing a proposed road 50 feet wide....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  by Richmond Department of Public Works.  One map for each property affected.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Stapled onto map: a paper reading: Defendant exhibit (3) Fleet.  Filed June 24, 1958.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia.\n","Land Records include any map, survey, plat, or plan that was made in connection with a land transaction, estate settlement, or court case.","Road and Bridge Records include any map, survey, plat, drawing or plan that was produced in connection with a Richmond City, Henrico County, or state of Virginia road or bridge project.  Some of the documents relate to improvements along the canal in Richmond.","N.B.  This finding aid is part of an ongoing project to process and catalog the Henrico County maps and plats in the Library of Virginia's archival holdings.  It will be updated from time to time.","Includes maps, plats and surveys of land that may be related to estate settlements, deeds, exhibits in a court case, or as an advertisement for land sales.  Some of the documents are for land that falls outside of Henrico County or is for property that once was part of Henrico but now falls within the city limits of Richmond.\n","Notes: Mentions Reedy/Ready Creek.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining lands labeled as the Cider Mill tract, and belonging to Goodman, Lindsey, and Childress.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd showing Kensington St. to Monument Ave. and Roseneath Rd. to Sheppard St.\n\t","Notes: Showing Rocketts Mills, Gilleys Creek, Rocketts Bridge, Rocketts St., Poplar St., Ash St., Elm St., and County or River Rd.\n\t","Notes: Subscribers apppointed by order of Prince Edward Co. to divide estate of Abraham Venable have further proceeded to a division of the unimproved lots in City of Richmond belonging to estate of A. B. Venable comveyed to him by Adams, December 13, 1805.\n\t","Notes: City of Richmond by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.....on the road leading from Richmond by Fairfield to the meadow bridges....road leading from Richmond through the Bowling Green towards the Meadow bridges.\n","Notes: On reverse: 1818 August produced in court and ordered recorded; plot, advertisement, and sale of Anderson Barret land.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining Water Street late the property of John Banks, by Richard Young.  Possibly related to Alexander Fulton and the Marion Hill Company.\n\t","Notes: This map not conserved.  See conserved copy in Map Cabinet 7 Drawer 4.\n\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and plan of the Bowling Green village.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Charles City Rd., Darby Rd., racefield.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River to east, Hog-Pen Creek, Bremo Creek.\n\t","Notes: Showing Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, Brook Turnpike, Brook schoolhouse, Brook Run.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and acerage.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and names of purchasers.  Showing J St. to Brook Rd. and Pine St.\n\t","Notes: Belonging to Susan H. Sharpe.\n\t","Notes: Showing the New Charles City Rd. and names of grantors with acreage.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Turkey Island Creek, Charles City Rd.\n\t","Notes: Showing Ashland St. to Harvie St. and Robinson St. to [Carter] St.  Laid out for Mr. Charles M. Wallace...to be sold at auction...by Alexander Y. Lee, architect and civil engineer.\n\t","Notes: Hermitage Land Company, owners.  By T. C. Redd and Bro.  Marked Exhibit A: E. A. Catlin, 1914, Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  Rolled inside another map marked as an exhibit in Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing \"Reveille,\" Leonard Heights, Monument Heights.  By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  On reverse marked: Filed with commissioner Gardner's report May 27, 1914 Patterson vs. Patterson, exhibit C.P.E.B. number 2.\n\t\t","Notes: Surveyed by James T. Redd.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing 25th to 28th streets and Venable (or Q) St. to the county road.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and the toll house.\n\t\t","Notes: plat of the land allotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of [illegible] Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Scuffletown, Westham Rd., street in line with F St.  by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.\n\t\t","Notes: a plat of the land alotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of his brother Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Rocky Branch, North Run of the Brook, new road to the Pitts, Brook Turnpike, Owens Tavern, lot owner's names.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Harris to McCoull streets, Fisher to Almond streets and the James River, Academy, and some names of lot owners.  Note: 1819 November 3rd presented in court by Alexander Fulton, trustee for the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Shows Powhatan mansion house and family burying ground, James River, street names to north and west.\n\t\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing 15th St. east to 22nd St., D St. with canal to docks of Richmond Dock Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Includes Edward Colgin's estate called Batchelor's Point and James River.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By James T. Redd and Sons.  Showing Crenshaw Ave. to Lombardy St. and Richmond College; Broad St. to Reservoir Park and Beverley St.\n\t\t","Notes: By W. E. Cutshaw, city engineer, for circuit court cases City of Richmond vs. County of Henrico and Atkinson vs. City of Richmond and County of Henrico.  Showing James River, Maymont, Shield's Grove, Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Virginia Union University, Hartshorn College, Old Fairgrounds, Richmond Union Stockyards, Spruce St., Nelson St., Crenshaw Ave. to Randolph and Oak St., \"Old Corporation Line\" and \"New Corporation Line.\"\n\t","Notes: written on reverse:  Patterson vs. Patterson.  Exhibit: Gillette, with stamped date May 20, 1914. Filed with Commissioner Gardner's report.  Probably drawn by Charles Gillette.\n\t","Notes:  Property of Richmond Fairfield Railway Co.  Showing section along Nine Mile Rd. and Williamsburg Rd.\n\t","Includes  blueprints, maps, and plats for road, bridge, and canal improvements in and around Henrico County undertaken by various agencies.\n","Notes:  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.  By Elliot Lacy, Surveyor G. C.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  \"The contents you may see by the above plot, Surveyed June 2d, 1786.\"  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing Mayo's Bridge east to Peach St., D St. to docks and Cripple Island or Sandy Bar Fishery.\n\t\t","Notes:  red lines show tentative county highway system; yellow lines show state highway system.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  On reverse written: Acca Station, Board of Supervisors Henrico Co. in the matter of petition of Jos. Bryan for improvement of road passing Acca Station.  Map #2 with report of views.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plat of the country road, continuation of Westwood Ave....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plan showing a proposed road 50 feet wide....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes:  by Richmond Department of Public Works.  One map for each property affected.\n\t","Notes: Stapled onto map: a paper reading: Defendant exhibit (3) Fleet.  Filed June 24, 1958.\n\t"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":58,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:15:35.139Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01649","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01649","_root_":"vi_vi01649","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01649","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01649.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1177420-1177422\n"],"text":["1177420-1177422\n","Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954","Land tenure--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Roads--Design and construction.","Historical maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Manuscript maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plans (maps)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plats--Virginia--Henrico County.","2 cu. ft. (2 boxes) and 1 map drawer","There are no restrictions.\n","Some of these items, particularly the land plats and surveys, may be recorded in the Henrico County Plat Books which are available on microfilm on Henrico County (Va.) Reels 114, 178-181.\n","This collection is arranged into the following local records series:  Land Records and Road and Bridge Records.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n","Additional Henrico County land records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia.\n","Land Records include any map, survey, plat, or plan that was made in connection with a land transaction, estate settlement, or court case.","Road and Bridge Records include any map, survey, plat, drawing or plan that was produced in connection with a Richmond City, Henrico County, or state of Virginia road or bridge project.  Some of the documents relate to improvements along the canal in Richmond.","N.B.  This finding aid is part of an ongoing project to process and catalog the Henrico County maps and plats in the Library of Virginia's archival holdings.  It will be updated from time to time.","Includes maps, plats and surveys of land that may be related to estate settlements, deeds, exhibits in a court case, or as an advertisement for land sales.  Some of the documents are for land that falls outside of Henrico County or is for property that once was part of Henrico but now falls within the city limits of Richmond.\n","Notes: Mentions Reedy/Ready Creek.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining lands labeled as the Cider Mill tract, and belonging to Goodman, Lindsey, and Childress.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd showing Kensington St. to Monument Ave. and Roseneath Rd. to Sheppard St.\n\t","Notes: Showing Rocketts Mills, Gilleys Creek, Rocketts Bridge, Rocketts St., Poplar St., Ash St., Elm St., and County or River Rd.\n\t","Notes: Subscribers apppointed by order of Prince Edward Co. to divide estate of Abraham Venable have further proceeded to a division of the unimproved lots in City of Richmond belonging to estate of A. B. Venable comveyed to him by Adams, December 13, 1805.\n\t","Notes: City of Richmond by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.....on the road leading from Richmond by Fairfield to the meadow bridges....road leading from Richmond through the Bowling Green towards the Meadow bridges.\n","Notes: On reverse: 1818 August produced in court and ordered recorded; plot, advertisement, and sale of Anderson Barret land.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining Water Street late the property of John Banks, by Richard Young.  Possibly related to Alexander Fulton and the Marion Hill Company.\n\t","Notes: This map not conserved.  See conserved copy in Map Cabinet 7 Drawer 4.\n\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and plan of the Bowling Green village.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Charles City Rd., Darby Rd., racefield.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River to east, Hog-Pen Creek, Bremo Creek.\n\t","Notes: Showing Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, Brook Turnpike, Brook schoolhouse, Brook Run.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and acerage.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and names of purchasers.  Showing J St. to Brook Rd. and Pine St.\n\t","Notes: Belonging to Susan H. Sharpe.\n\t","Notes: Showing the New Charles City Rd. and names of grantors with acreage.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Turkey Island Creek, Charles City Rd.\n\t","Notes: Showing Ashland St. to Harvie St. and Robinson St. to [Carter] St.  Laid out for Mr. Charles M. Wallace...to be sold at auction...by Alexander Y. Lee, architect and civil engineer.\n\t","Notes: Hermitage Land Company, owners.  By T. C. Redd and Bro.  Marked Exhibit A: E. A. Catlin, 1914, Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  Rolled inside another map marked as an exhibit in Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing \"Reveille,\" Leonard Heights, Monument Heights.  By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  On reverse marked: Filed with commissioner Gardner's report May 27, 1914 Patterson vs. Patterson, exhibit C.P.E.B. number 2.\n\t\t","Notes: Surveyed by James T. Redd.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing 25th to 28th streets and Venable (or Q) St. to the county road.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and the toll house.\n\t\t","Notes: plat of the land allotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of [illegible] Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Scuffletown, Westham Rd., street in line with F St.  by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.\n\t\t","Notes: a plat of the land alotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of his brother Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Rocky Branch, North Run of the Brook, new road to the Pitts, Brook Turnpike, Owens Tavern, lot owner's names.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Harris to McCoull streets, Fisher to Almond streets and the James River, Academy, and some names of lot owners.  Note: 1819 November 3rd presented in court by Alexander Fulton, trustee for the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Shows Powhatan mansion house and family burying ground, James River, street names to north and west.\n\t\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing 15th St. east to 22nd St., D St. with canal to docks of Richmond Dock Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Includes Edward Colgin's estate called Batchelor's Point and James River.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By James T. Redd and Sons.  Showing Crenshaw Ave. to Lombardy St. and Richmond College; Broad St. to Reservoir Park and Beverley St.\n\t\t","Notes: By W. E. Cutshaw, city engineer, for circuit court cases City of Richmond vs. County of Henrico and Atkinson vs. City of Richmond and County of Henrico.  Showing James River, Maymont, Shield's Grove, Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Virginia Union University, Hartshorn College, Old Fairgrounds, Richmond Union Stockyards, Spruce St., Nelson St., Crenshaw Ave. to Randolph and Oak St., \"Old Corporation Line\" and \"New Corporation Line.\"\n\t","Notes: written on reverse:  Patterson vs. Patterson.  Exhibit: Gillette, with stamped date May 20, 1914. Filed with Commissioner Gardner's report.  Probably drawn by Charles Gillette.\n\t","Notes:  Property of Richmond Fairfield Railway Co.  Showing section along Nine Mile Rd. and Williamsburg Rd.\n\t","Includes  blueprints, maps, and plats for road, bridge, and canal improvements in and around Henrico County undertaken by various agencies.\n","Notes:  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.  By Elliot Lacy, Surveyor G. C.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  \"The contents you may see by the above plot, Surveyed June 2d, 1786.\"  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing Mayo's Bridge east to Peach St., D St. to docks and Cripple Island or Sandy Bar Fishery.\n\t\t","Notes:  red lines show tentative county highway system; yellow lines show state highway system.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  On reverse written: Acca Station, Board of Supervisors Henrico Co. in the matter of petition of Jos. Bryan for improvement of road passing Acca Station.  Map #2 with report of views.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plat of the country road, continuation of Westwood Ave....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plan showing a proposed road 50 feet wide....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes:  by Richmond Department of Public Works.  One map for each property affected.\n\t","Notes: Stapled onto map: a paper reading: Defendant exhibit (3) Fleet.  Filed June 24, 1958.\n\t","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1177420-1177422\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings,\n1806-1954"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Henrico County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land tenure--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Roads--Design and construction.","Historical maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Manuscript maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plans (maps)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plats--Virginia--Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land tenure--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Roads--Design and construction.","Historical maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land surveys--Virginia--Henrico County.","Land use maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Manuscript maps--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plans (maps)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Plats--Virginia--Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 cu. ft. (2 boxes) and 1 map drawer"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of these items, particularly the land plats and surveys, may be recorded in the Henrico County Plat Books which are available on microfilm on Henrico County (Va.) Reels 114, 178-181.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available\n"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of these items, particularly the land plats and surveys, may be recorded in the Henrico County Plat Books which are available on microfilm on Henrico County (Va.) Reels 114, 178-181.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following local records series:  Land Records and Road and Bridge Records.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following local records series:  Land Records and Road and Bridge Records.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954. Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County land records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County land records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia web site.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLand Records include any map, survey, plat, or plan that was made in connection with a land transaction, estate settlement, or court case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoad and Bridge Records include any map, survey, plat, drawing or plan that was produced in connection with a Richmond City, Henrico County, or state of Virginia road or bridge project.  Some of the documents relate to improvements along the canal in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eN.B.  This finding aid is part of an ongoing project to process and catalog the Henrico County maps and plats in the Library of Virginia's archival holdings.  It will be updated from time to time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes maps, plats and surveys of land that may be related to estate settlements, deeds, exhibits in a court case, or as an advertisement for land sales.  Some of the documents are for land that falls outside of Henrico County or is for property that once was part of Henrico but now falls within the city limits of Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Mentions Reedy/Ready Creek.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Adjoining lands labeled as the Cider Mill tract, and belonging to Goodman, Lindsey, and Childress.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By T. Crawford Redd showing Kensington St. to Monument Ave. and Roseneath Rd. to Sheppard St.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Rocketts Mills, Gilleys Creek, Rocketts Bridge, Rocketts St., Poplar St., Ash St., Elm St., and County or River Rd.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Subscribers apppointed by order of Prince Edward Co. to divide estate of Abraham Venable have further proceeded to a division of the unimproved lots in City of Richmond belonging to estate of A. B. Venable comveyed to him by Adams, December 13, 1805.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: City of Richmond by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.....on the road leading from Richmond by Fairfield to the meadow bridges....road leading from Richmond through the Bowling Green towards the Meadow bridges.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: On reverse: 1818 August produced in court and ordered recorded; plot, advertisement, and sale of Anderson Barret land.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Adjoining Water Street late the property of John Banks, by Richard Young.  Possibly related to Alexander Fulton and the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: This map not conserved.  See conserved copy in Map Cabinet 7 Drawer 4.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and plan of the Bowling Green village.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing James River, Charles City Rd., Darby Rd., racefield.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing James River to east, Hog-Pen Creek, Bremo Creek.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, Brook Turnpike, Brook schoolhouse, Brook Run.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Includes lot numbers and acerage.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Includes lot numbers and names of purchasers.  Showing J St. to Brook Rd. and Pine St.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Belonging to Susan H. Sharpe.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing the New Charles City Rd. and names of grantors with acreage.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing James River, Turkey Island Creek, Charles City Rd.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Ashland St. to Harvie St. and Robinson St. to [Carter] St.  Laid out for Mr. Charles M. Wallace...to be sold at auction...by Alexander Y. Lee, architect and civil engineer.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Hermitage Land Company, owners.  By T. C. Redd and Bro.  Marked Exhibit A: E. A. Catlin, 1914, Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  Rolled inside another map marked as an exhibit in Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing \"Reveille,\" Leonard Heights, Monument Heights.  By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  On reverse marked: Filed with commissioner Gardner's report May 27, 1914 Patterson vs. Patterson, exhibit C.P.E.B. number 2.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Surveyed by James T. Redd.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing 25th to 28th streets and Venable (or Q) St. to the county road.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and the toll house.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: plat of the land allotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of [illegible] Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Scuffletown, Westham Rd., street in line with F St.  by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: a plat of the land alotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of his brother Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Rocky Branch, North Run of the Brook, new road to the Pitts, Brook Turnpike, Owens Tavern, lot owner's names.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Showing Harris to McCoull streets, Fisher to Almond streets and the James River, Academy, and some names of lot owners.  Note: 1819 November 3rd presented in court by Alexander Fulton, trustee for the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Shows Powhatan mansion house and family burying ground, James River, street names to north and west.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Richard Young.  Showing 15th St. east to 22nd St., D St. with canal to docks of Richmond Dock Company.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Includes Edward Colgin's estate called Batchelor's Point and James River.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By James T. Redd and Sons.  Showing Crenshaw Ave. to Lombardy St. and Richmond College; Broad St. to Reservoir Park and Beverley St.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By W. E. Cutshaw, city engineer, for circuit court cases City of Richmond vs. County of Henrico and Atkinson vs. City of Richmond and County of Henrico.  Showing James River, Maymont, Shield's Grove, Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Virginia Union University, Hartshorn College, Old Fairgrounds, Richmond Union Stockyards, Spruce St., Nelson St., Crenshaw Ave. to Randolph and Oak St., \"Old Corporation Line\" and \"New Corporation Line.\"\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: written on reverse:  Patterson vs. Patterson.  Exhibit: Gillette, with stamped date May 20, 1914. Filed with Commissioner Gardner's report.  Probably drawn by Charles Gillette.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  Property of Richmond Fairfield Railway Co.  Showing section along Nine Mile Rd. and Williamsburg Rd.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes  blueprints, maps, and plats for road, bridge, and canal improvements in and around Henrico County undertaken by various agencies.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.  By Elliot Lacy, Surveyor G. C.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  \"The contents you may see by the above plot, Surveyed June 2d, 1786.\"  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By Richard Young.  Showing Mayo's Bridge east to Peach St., D St. to docks and Cripple Island or Sandy Bar Fishery.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  red lines show tentative county highway system; yellow lines show state highway system.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026amp; Bro.  On reverse written: Acca Station, Board of Supervisors Henrico Co. in the matter of petition of Jos. Bryan for improvement of road passing Acca Station.  Map #2 with report of views.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026amp; Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plat of the country road, continuation of Westwood Ave....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: By T. Crawford Redd \u0026amp; Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plan showing a proposed road 50 feet wide....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes:  by Richmond Department of Public Works.  One map for each property affected.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes: Stapled onto map: a paper reading: Defendant exhibit (3) Fleet.  Filed June 24, 1958.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Maps, Plats, Plans and Drawings, 1806-1954, consist of loose maps, plats, surveys, plans, drawings and blueprints located in the several series that compose the records of Henrico County at the Library of Virginia.\n","Land Records include any map, survey, plat, or plan that was made in connection with a land transaction, estate settlement, or court case.","Road and Bridge Records include any map, survey, plat, drawing or plan that was produced in connection with a Richmond City, Henrico County, or state of Virginia road or bridge project.  Some of the documents relate to improvements along the canal in Richmond.","N.B.  This finding aid is part of an ongoing project to process and catalog the Henrico County maps and plats in the Library of Virginia's archival holdings.  It will be updated from time to time.","Includes maps, plats and surveys of land that may be related to estate settlements, deeds, exhibits in a court case, or as an advertisement for land sales.  Some of the documents are for land that falls outside of Henrico County or is for property that once was part of Henrico but now falls within the city limits of Richmond.\n","Notes: Mentions Reedy/Ready Creek.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining lands labeled as the Cider Mill tract, and belonging to Goodman, Lindsey, and Childress.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd showing Kensington St. to Monument Ave. and Roseneath Rd. to Sheppard St.\n\t","Notes: Showing Rocketts Mills, Gilleys Creek, Rocketts Bridge, Rocketts St., Poplar St., Ash St., Elm St., and County or River Rd.\n\t","Notes: Subscribers apppointed by order of Prince Edward Co. to divide estate of Abraham Venable have further proceeded to a division of the unimproved lots in City of Richmond belonging to estate of A. B. Venable comveyed to him by Adams, December 13, 1805.\n\t","Notes: City of Richmond by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.....on the road leading from Richmond by Fairfield to the meadow bridges....road leading from Richmond through the Bowling Green towards the Meadow bridges.\n","Notes: On reverse: 1818 August produced in court and ordered recorded; plot, advertisement, and sale of Anderson Barret land.\n\t","Notes: Adjoining Water Street late the property of John Banks, by Richard Young.  Possibly related to Alexander Fulton and the Marion Hill Company.\n\t","Notes: This map not conserved.  See conserved copy in Map Cabinet 7 Drawer 4.\n\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and plan of the Bowling Green village.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Charles City Rd., Darby Rd., racefield.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River to east, Hog-Pen Creek, Bremo Creek.\n\t","Notes: Showing Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad, Brook Turnpike, Brook schoolhouse, Brook Run.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and acerage.\n\t","Notes: Includes lot numbers and names of purchasers.  Showing J St. to Brook Rd. and Pine St.\n\t","Notes: Belonging to Susan H. Sharpe.\n\t","Notes: Showing the New Charles City Rd. and names of grantors with acreage.\n\t","Notes: Showing James River, Turkey Island Creek, Charles City Rd.\n\t","Notes: Showing Ashland St. to Harvie St. and Robinson St. to [Carter] St.  Laid out for Mr. Charles M. Wallace...to be sold at auction...by Alexander Y. Lee, architect and civil engineer.\n\t","Notes: Hermitage Land Company, owners.  By T. C. Redd and Bro.  Marked Exhibit A: E. A. Catlin, 1914, Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  Rolled inside another map marked as an exhibit in Patterson vs. Patterson.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing \"Reveille,\" Leonard Heights, Monument Heights.  By T. Crawford Redd and Bro.  On reverse marked: Filed with commissioner Gardner's report May 27, 1914 Patterson vs. Patterson, exhibit C.P.E.B. number 2.\n\t\t","Notes: Surveyed by James T. Redd.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing 25th to 28th streets and Venable (or Q) St. to the county road.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Mechanicksville Turnpike Rd. and the toll house.\n\t\t","Notes: plat of the land allotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of [illegible] Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Scuffletown, Westham Rd., street in line with F St.  by Richard Young, surveyor City of Richmond.\n\t\t","Notes: a plat of the land alotted to J. B. Harvie by William Brockenbrough, Thomas Taylor and Robert Gamble, commissioners appointed by the Superior Court of Chancery to divide the land between the said Harvie and the representatives of his brother Edwin James Harvie, deceased.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Rocky Branch, North Run of the Brook, new road to the Pitts, Brook Turnpike, Owens Tavern, lot owner's names.\n\t\t","Notes: Showing Harris to McCoull streets, Fisher to Almond streets and the James River, Academy, and some names of lot owners.  Note: 1819 November 3rd presented in court by Alexander Fulton, trustee for the Marion Hill Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Shows Powhatan mansion house and family burying ground, James River, street names to north and west.\n\t\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing 15th St. east to 22nd St., D St. with canal to docks of Richmond Dock Company.\n\t\t","Notes: Includes Edward Colgin's estate called Batchelor's Point and James River.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By Micajah Bates.  Includes surveyor's report.  Showing islands in the James River from Broad Rock Island to Long Island and Mayo Bridge.\n\t\t","Notes: By James T. Redd and Sons.  Showing Crenshaw Ave. to Lombardy St. and Richmond College; Broad St. to Reservoir Park and Beverley St.\n\t\t","Notes: By W. E. Cutshaw, city engineer, for circuit court cases City of Richmond vs. County of Henrico and Atkinson vs. City of Richmond and County of Henrico.  Showing James River, Maymont, Shield's Grove, Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Virginia Union University, Hartshorn College, Old Fairgrounds, Richmond Union Stockyards, Spruce St., Nelson St., Crenshaw Ave. to Randolph and Oak St., \"Old Corporation Line\" and \"New Corporation Line.\"\n\t","Notes: written on reverse:  Patterson vs. Patterson.  Exhibit: Gillette, with stamped date May 20, 1914. Filed with Commissioner Gardner's report.  Probably drawn by Charles Gillette.\n\t","Notes:  Property of Richmond Fairfield Railway Co.  Showing section along Nine Mile Rd. and Williamsburg Rd.\n\t","Includes  blueprints, maps, and plats for road, bridge, and canal improvements in and around Henrico County undertaken by various agencies.\n","Notes:  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.  By Elliot Lacy, Surveyor G. C.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  \"The contents you may see by the above plot, Surveyed June 2d, 1786.\"  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes:  By Elliot Lacy, surveyor G. C.  Original of this plat sent James Brown Jr., Second Auditor, by William H. Brown, 14th June 1828 per order filed, Lofton N. Ellett, CHC.\n\t","Notes: By Richard Young.  Showing Mayo's Bridge east to Peach St., D St. to docks and Cripple Island or Sandy Bar Fishery.\n\t\t","Notes:  red lines show tentative county highway system; yellow lines show state highway system.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  On reverse written: Acca Station, Board of Supervisors Henrico Co. in the matter of petition of Jos. Bryan for improvement of road passing Acca Station.  Map #2 with report of views.\n\t","Notes:  By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plat of the country road, continuation of Westwood Ave....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes: By T. Crawford Redd \u0026 Bro.  Rolled with another map titled \"Plan showing a proposed road 50 feet wide....\" and housed in same folder.\n\t","Notes:  by Richmond Department of Public Works.  One map for each property affected.\n\t","Notes: Stapled onto map: a paper reading: Defendant exhibit (3) Fleet.  Filed June 24, 1958.\n\t"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":58,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:15:35.139Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01649"}},{"id":"vi_vi02590","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02590#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02590#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county. These volumes also contain original marriage consents. These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830. All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive. Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents. When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes. Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed. Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830. Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02590#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02590","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02590","_root_":"vi_vi02590","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02590","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02590.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1108210-1108212, 1108214-1108217, 1108219-1008221, 1108223-1108231, 1108233/ Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105\n"],"text":["1108210-1108212, 1108214-1108217, 1108219-1008221, 1108223-1108231, 1108233/ Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105\n","Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)","Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indexes (reference sources)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage bonds--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage consents--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Henrico County.","19 v. (2814 leaves); 1 v. (217 p.); 11 microfilm reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged numerically by alphabetical letter of groom's surname except for separate index.\n","Henrico County was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  The county was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I.  \n","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level. Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage. The bond was pledged, with two or more sufficient securities (or witnesses), but no money was exchanged. The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service. The practice of bonding was discontinued in 1849, although in some communities bonds were pledged into the 1850s. This practice insured against legal action should the marriage not take place, if either party declined to go through with the union, or if one of the parties was found to be ineligible for marriage--if either the bride or groom was already married or was underage and lacked approval to wed.\n","According to Virginia law, individuals under the age of twenty-one needed the consent of a parent or guardian to marry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, officials were especially concerned about females under the age of 16 marrying without consent. County clerks were not authorized to issue a marriage license without certificate (permission) from the parent, master or guardian. In the nineteenth century, a parent or guardian could give consent verbally to the clerk of the court, or provide written consent in front of one to two witnesses; the consent was then delivered to the county clerk. \n","The original bonds and consents, from which these volumes were compiled, were created by the County Court.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.","Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found in Henrico County deeds, wills, order books and records of the Orphan's court.\n","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia's web site.\n","See also \"Marriages of Henrico County, Virginia, 1680-1808\" by Joyce Linsay in the Library of Virginia's book collection.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county.  These volumes also contain original marriage consents.  These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830.  All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive.  Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents.  When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes.  Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed.  Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830.  Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a.\n","Index to Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, is a separate index.  As indicated, it contains marriage bonds and consents found in all nineteen volumes as well as bonds and consents from 1831 not included in these volumes.  The index is arranged only by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and then the bride's surname, A-Y.  In order to find a specific page number in the volumes, the typed index found in the front of all volumes must be utilized by finding the groom's surname.  The index lists the date of the marriage bond and any remarks--such as the status or parents of the bride or groom and the race of the couple.  The volume was not microfilmed.\n","This volume contains a marriage bond and consent for Patrick Henry's daughter Elizabeth on page 34.\n","In addition to this volume, Microfilm reel 105 also contains all typewritten indexes (12) for volumes, 1800-1830, A-Y\n","Use microfilm copies, Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1108210-1108212, 1108214-1108217, 1108219-1008221, 1108223-1108231, 1108233/ Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Volumes 1-7, 1781-1799, were restored with money provided by various organizations in 1951, as indicated by the volume's first page, and transferred at a later date to the Library of Virginia with a shipment of court papers from Henrico County.\n","Volumes A-Y, 1800-1830, were restored (source unknown) and transferred to the Library of Virginia with a shipment of court papers from Henrico County.\n","Index to Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, was created by the county clerk in 1916 and transferred at a later date to the Library of Virginia with a shipment of court papers from Henrico County.\n","All microfilm reels were generated by a field operator, from the Virginia State Library's (now the Library of Virginia) Microfilm Section, while filming in the Henrico County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indexes (reference sources)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage bonds--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage consents--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indexes (reference sources)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage bonds--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage consents--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["19 v. (2814 leaves); 1 v. (217 p.); 11 microfilm reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged numerically by alphabetical letter of groom's surname except for separate index.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged numerically by alphabetical letter of groom's surname except for separate index.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  The county was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level. Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage. The bond was pledged, with two or more sufficient securities (or witnesses), but no money was exchanged. The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service. The practice of bonding was discontinued in 1849, although in some communities bonds were pledged into the 1850s. This practice insured against legal action should the marriage not take place, if either party declined to go through with the union, or if one of the parties was found to be ineligible for marriage--if either the bride or groom was already married or was underage and lacked approval to wed.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Virginia law, individuals under the age of twenty-one needed the consent of a parent or guardian to marry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, officials were especially concerned about females under the age of 16 marrying without consent. County clerks were not authorized to issue a marriage license without certificate (permission) from the parent, master or guardian. In the nineteenth century, a parent or guardian could give consent verbally to the clerk of the court, or provide written consent in front of one to two witnesses; the consent was then delivered to the county clerk. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original bonds and consents, from which these volumes were compiled, were created by the County Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  The county was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I.  \n","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level. Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage. The bond was pledged, with two or more sufficient securities (or witnesses), but no money was exchanged. The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service. The practice of bonding was discontinued in 1849, although in some communities bonds were pledged into the 1850s. This practice insured against legal action should the marriage not take place, if either party declined to go through with the union, or if one of the parties was found to be ineligible for marriage--if either the bride or groom was already married or was underage and lacked approval to wed.\n","According to Virginia law, individuals under the age of twenty-one needed the consent of a parent or guardian to marry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, officials were especially concerned about females under the age of 16 marrying without consent. County clerks were not authorized to issue a marriage license without certificate (permission) from the parent, master or guardian. In the nineteenth century, a parent or guardian could give consent verbally to the clerk of the court, or provide written consent in front of one to two witnesses; the consent was then delivered to the county clerk. \n","The original bonds and consents, from which these volumes were compiled, were created by the County Court.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830).  Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105, Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830).  Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105, Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found in Henrico County deeds, wills, order books and records of the Orphan's court.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia's web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \"Marriages of Henrico County, Virginia, 1680-1808\" by Joyce Linsay in the Library of Virginia's book collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found in Henrico County deeds, wills, order books and records of the Orphan's court.\n","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia's web site.\n","See also \"Marriages of Henrico County, Virginia, 1680-1808\" by Joyce Linsay in the Library of Virginia's book collection.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county.  These volumes also contain original marriage consents.  These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830.  All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive.  Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents.  When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes.  Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed.  Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830.  Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex to Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, is a separate index.  As indicated, it contains marriage bonds and consents found in all nineteen volumes as well as bonds and consents from 1831 not included in these volumes.  The index is arranged only by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and then the bride's surname, A-Y.  In order to find a specific page number in the volumes, the typed index found in the front of all volumes must be utilized by finding the groom's surname.  The index lists the date of the marriage bond and any remarks--such as the status or parents of the bride or groom and the race of the couple.  The volume was not microfilmed.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume contains a marriage bond and consent for Patrick Henry's daughter Elizabeth on page 34.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to this volume, Microfilm reel 105 also contains all typewritten indexes (12) for volumes, 1800-1830, A-Y\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county.  These volumes also contain original marriage consents.  These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830.  All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive.  Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents.  When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes.  Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed.  Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830.  Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a.\n","Index to Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, is a separate index.  As indicated, it contains marriage bonds and consents found in all nineteen volumes as well as bonds and consents from 1831 not included in these volumes.  The index is arranged only by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and then the bride's surname, A-Y.  In order to find a specific page number in the volumes, the typed index found in the front of all volumes must be utilized by finding the groom's surname.  The index lists the date of the marriage bond and any remarks--such as the status or parents of the bride or groom and the race of the couple.  The volume was not microfilmed.\n","This volume contains a marriage bond and consent for Patrick Henry's daughter Elizabeth on page 34.\n","In addition to this volume, Microfilm reel 105 also contains all typewritten indexes (12) for volumes, 1800-1830, A-Y\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copies, Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copies, Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":20,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:43:44.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02590","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02590","_root_":"vi_vi02590","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02590","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02590.xml","title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1108210-1108212, 1108214-1108217, 1108219-1008221, 1108223-1108231, 1108233/ Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105\n"],"text":["1108210-1108212, 1108214-1108217, 1108219-1008221, 1108223-1108231, 1108233/ Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105\n","Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)","Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indexes (reference sources)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage bonds--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage consents--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Henrico County.","19 v. (2814 leaves); 1 v. (217 p.); 11 microfilm reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged numerically by alphabetical letter of groom's surname except for separate index.\n","Henrico County was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  The county was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I.  \n","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level. Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage. The bond was pledged, with two or more sufficient securities (or witnesses), but no money was exchanged. The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service. The practice of bonding was discontinued in 1849, although in some communities bonds were pledged into the 1850s. This practice insured against legal action should the marriage not take place, if either party declined to go through with the union, or if one of the parties was found to be ineligible for marriage--if either the bride or groom was already married or was underage and lacked approval to wed.\n","According to Virginia law, individuals under the age of twenty-one needed the consent of a parent or guardian to marry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, officials were especially concerned about females under the age of 16 marrying without consent. County clerks were not authorized to issue a marriage license without certificate (permission) from the parent, master or guardian. In the nineteenth century, a parent or guardian could give consent verbally to the clerk of the court, or provide written consent in front of one to two witnesses; the consent was then delivered to the county clerk. \n","The original bonds and consents, from which these volumes were compiled, were created by the County Court.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.","Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found in Henrico County deeds, wills, order books and records of the Orphan's court.\n","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia's web site.\n","See also \"Marriages of Henrico County, Virginia, 1680-1808\" by Joyce Linsay in the Library of Virginia's book collection.\n","Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county.  These volumes also contain original marriage consents.  These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830.  All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive.  Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents.  When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes.  Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed.  Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830.  Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a.\n","Index to Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, is a separate index.  As indicated, it contains marriage bonds and consents found in all nineteen volumes as well as bonds and consents from 1831 not included in these volumes.  The index is arranged only by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and then the bride's surname, A-Y.  In order to find a specific page number in the volumes, the typed index found in the front of all volumes must be utilized by finding the groom's surname.  The index lists the date of the marriage bond and any remarks--such as the status or parents of the bride or groom and the race of the couple.  The volume was not microfilmed.\n","This volume contains a marriage bond and consent for Patrick Henry's daughter Elizabeth on page 34.\n","In addition to this volume, Microfilm reel 105 also contains all typewritten indexes (12) for volumes, 1800-1830, A-Y\n","Use microfilm copies, Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1108210-1108212, 1108214-1108217, 1108219-1008221, 1108223-1108231, 1108233/ Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"collection_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, \n1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Henrico County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Volumes 1-7, 1781-1799, were restored with money provided by various organizations in 1951, as indicated by the volume's first page, and transferred at a later date to the Library of Virginia with a shipment of court papers from Henrico County.\n","Volumes A-Y, 1800-1830, were restored (source unknown) and transferred to the Library of Virginia with a shipment of court papers from Henrico County.\n","Index to Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, was created by the county clerk in 1916 and transferred at a later date to the Library of Virginia with a shipment of court papers from Henrico County.\n","All microfilm reels were generated by a field operator, from the Virginia State Library's (now the Library of Virginia) Microfilm Section, while filming in the Henrico County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indexes (reference sources)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage bonds--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage consents--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage--Virginia--Henrico County.","Indexes (reference sources)--Virginia--Henrico County.","Local government records--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage bonds--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage consents--Virginia--Henrico County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Henrico County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["19 v. (2814 leaves); 1 v. (217 p.); 11 microfilm reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged numerically by alphabetical letter of groom's surname except for separate index.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged numerically by alphabetical letter of groom's surname except for separate index.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  The county was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level. Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage. The bond was pledged, with two or more sufficient securities (or witnesses), but no money was exchanged. The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service. The practice of bonding was discontinued in 1849, although in some communities bonds were pledged into the 1850s. This practice insured against legal action should the marriage not take place, if either party declined to go through with the union, or if one of the parties was found to be ineligible for marriage--if either the bride or groom was already married or was underage and lacked approval to wed.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Virginia law, individuals under the age of twenty-one needed the consent of a parent or guardian to marry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, officials were especially concerned about females under the age of 16 marrying without consent. County clerks were not authorized to issue a marriage license without certificate (permission) from the parent, master or guardian. In the nineteenth century, a parent or guardian could give consent verbally to the clerk of the court, or provide written consent in front of one to two witnesses; the consent was then delivered to the county clerk. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original bonds and consents, from which these volumes were compiled, were created by the County Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henrico County was one of the eight original shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634.  The county was named for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I.  \n","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level. Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage. The bond was pledged, with two or more sufficient securities (or witnesses), but no money was exchanged. The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service. The practice of bonding was discontinued in 1849, although in some communities bonds were pledged into the 1850s. This practice insured against legal action should the marriage not take place, if either party declined to go through with the union, or if one of the parties was found to be ineligible for marriage--if either the bride or groom was already married or was underage and lacked approval to wed.\n","According to Virginia law, individuals under the age of twenty-one needed the consent of a parent or guardian to marry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, officials were especially concerned about females under the age of 16 marrying without consent. County clerks were not authorized to issue a marriage license without certificate (permission) from the parent, master or guardian. In the nineteenth century, a parent or guardian could give consent verbally to the clerk of the court, or provide written consent in front of one to two witnesses; the consent was then delivered to the county clerk. \n","The original bonds and consents, from which these volumes were compiled, were created by the County Court.\n","Recognized in 1634 as an original shire. All county court records prior to 1655 and almost all prior to 1677 are missing. Many records were destroyed by British troops during the Revolutionary War. Post–Revolutionary War county court records exist. Almost all circuit superior court of law and chancery and circuit court records were destroyed by fire during the evacuation of Richmond on April 3, 1865, during the Civil War. The county’s circuit court held its sessions at the state courthouse in Richmond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830).  Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105, Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds, Consents and Index, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1831 (bulk 1781-1830).  Henrico County (Va.) Reels 95-105, Local government records collection, Henrico County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA125\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found in Henrico County deeds, wills, order books and records of the Orphan's court.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/whatwehave/local/lost/\"\u003eLost Records Localities Database\u003c/extref\u003e found at the Library of Virginia's web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \"Marriages of Henrico County, Virginia, 1680-1808\" by Joyce Linsay in the Library of Virginia's book collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Henrico County Marriage Records can be found in Henrico County deeds, wills, order books and records of the Orphan's court.\n","Henrico County is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Henrico County Court Records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Database  found at the Library of Virginia's web site.\n","See also \"Marriages of Henrico County, Virginia, 1680-1808\" by Joyce Linsay in the Library of Virginia's book collection.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county.  These volumes also contain original marriage consents.  These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830.  All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive.  Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents.  When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes.  Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed.  Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830.  Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex to Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, is a separate index.  As indicated, it contains marriage bonds and consents found in all nineteen volumes as well as bonds and consents from 1831 not included in these volumes.  The index is arranged only by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and then the bride's surname, A-Y.  In order to find a specific page number in the volumes, the typed index found in the front of all volumes must be utilized by finding the groom's surname.  The index lists the date of the marriage bond and any remarks--such as the status or parents of the bride or groom and the race of the couple.  The volume was not microfilmed.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume contains a marriage bond and consent for Patrick Henry's daughter Elizabeth on page 34.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to this volume, Microfilm reel 105 also contains all typewritten indexes (12) for volumes, 1800-1830, A-Y\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Henrico County (Va.) Marriage Bonds and Consents, Vols. 1-7 and A-Y, 1781-1830, record the original bonds of marriage between a bride and groom within the county.  These volumes also contain original marriage consents.  These volumes and indexes cover only the years 1781-1830.  All original bonds and consents were arranged in numerical order (as they appear in the volume) by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and placed in the pages of nineteen volumes by means of an adhesive.  Because of the adhesive technique used, it is possible to view the back of all these documents.  When the volumes were restored, typewritten indexes were created for each volume and reflect the order of arrangement of the original documents in the volumes.  Typewritten indexes for Volumes 1-7, however, were not microfilmed.  Free African American marriages are found throughout the volumes from 1797-1830.  Original bonds, now found in Volumes 1-7 but previously found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office, were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library's Photographic Division and are found on Microfilm Reel 89a.\n","Index to Marriage Bonds and Consents, 1781-1831, is a separate index.  As indicated, it contains marriage bonds and consents found in all nineteen volumes as well as bonds and consents from 1831 not included in these volumes.  The index is arranged only by the alphabetical letter of the groom's surname and then the bride's surname, A-Y.  In order to find a specific page number in the volumes, the typed index found in the front of all volumes must be utilized by finding the groom's surname.  The index lists the date of the marriage bond and any remarks--such as the status or parents of the bride or groom and the race of the couple.  The volume was not microfilmed.\n","This volume contains a marriage bond and consent for Patrick Henry's daughter Elizabeth on page 34.\n","In addition to this volume, Microfilm reel 105 also contains all typewritten indexes (12) for volumes, 1800-1830, A-Y\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copies, Henrico County (Va.) 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