{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=3\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=3\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":21,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi01364","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi01364","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01364","_root_":"vi_vi01364","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01364","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01364.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861",".225 cu. ft. (1 box)","The bulk of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images where possible.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, arranged loosely by record type then chronologically.","Context for Record Type:","Free and Enslaved Records","The Free and Enslaved Records collection is comprised of miscellaneous records related to the regulation and policing of both enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people in Frederick County. The localities/local government authorities were largely responsible for enforcing laws that restricted the movement of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people and the resulting documentation was often filed in the circuit courts. The ways in which local authorities enacted legal measures against or on behalf of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people varied from locality to locality; therefore, records were not necessarily standardized or filed and retained in a consistent manner. This collection is topical and a means by which to compile miscellaneous documents related to free and enslaved people that are not established local government record types.","See: the Virginia Untold Record Types on the Library of Virginia website for additional context concerning \"Free Negro\" Tax Records and Runaway Records.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Starting in 2023, Library of Virginia archival staff in partnership with the Virginia Untold Project Manager began efforts to describe records related to free and enslaved Black and Multiracial people in a manner that improved the historical context of the records. In doing so, in some cases material once described within the \"Free and Enslaved\" record group for a locality may no longer be described within this record. When this has occurred, please see the Processing Information and Related Materials section for records that have been described separately.","These records have been processed, indexed, and partially scanned by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Apprenticeship Indentures were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875.","Certificates of Importation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822.","Deeds of Emancipation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843.","\"Free Negro\" Registrations were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864.","Petitions for Re-Enslavement were removed from this record in July 2026 and are described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859.","Petitions to Remain were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850.","Encoded by S. Nerney: November 2007; updated by C. Collins: August 2026.","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated.","\"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861, are comprised of five lists of \"free Negroes\" hired out for the non-payment of taxes, 1851-1855; six lists of \"free negroes,\" or \"free negroes\" over 12 years of age, 1851-1861, compiled for tax purposes; and nine lists \"free negroes\" delinquent in the payment of their taxes, 1851-1860. To varying extents, the lists record each person's name, as well as their age, sex, residence, occupation, and the amount of tax owed.","Patrol Records, 1820-1860, undated, are comprised of patrol accounts, claims, and returns. The records, to varying extents, document the names of the patrollers, the dates/hours they patrolled, the compensation they received, and, in some instances, the area(s) to be patrolled. Generally, patrols were instructed to \"visit within the bounds of the said County at least once a week all negro quarters and other places suspected of having therein unlawful assemblies.\" Additionally, these records include an order directing a patrol be established in Myers Mill.","Runaway Records, 1821-1845, are comprised of the following documents:","Affidavits, 1835, describing the self-emancipation of Nelly, Harriett, Juno, and Rozen from Notley C. Williams [see the two-part series written about Nelly, Harriet, and Juno on the UnCommonwealth blog]. Rozen was captured and jailed in Fairfax County, and was subsequently sold by Williams.","Certificate, 1821, which stated that Cyrus was a runaway. Filed alongside the certificate is a newspaper advertisement asking that Cyrus' enslaver \"come forward,\" and a receipt for the cost of said advertisement.","Certificate, 1832, verifying that Harrison, suspected of self-emancipating from Thomas Castleman, was apprehended in Hampshire County [now Hampshire County, West Virginia].","Claim, 1844, stating that an unnamed \"negro\" had been hired out to pay for the court's advertisement of him as a runaway.","Orders, 1824-1834, to value William Lucus, Edward, Jane, John, Tom, Sam (2), Betsey, Thomas, and Jesse, who were confined to jail as runaways.","Order, 1834, to sell John Harris, who was confined to jail as a runaway and had yet to be claimed. The order is accompanied by a report of sale.","Report of jailer, [1827?] [1837?], related to John.","Report of sale, 1845, of Jerry Garrison, who was brought to Frederick County from Pennsylvania.","Report of valuation, 1825, for Bob, who was confined to jail as a runaway.","Additional single items relating to the documentation of free and enslaved Black and Multiracial individuals in and around Frederick County, Va., include:","Two agreements, 1821, in which Abraham Hiswander sold Christena and Aaron to George Ritenour. As part of the agreement, Hiswander required Ritenour to emancipate Aaron, as well as Christena and her descendants, \"as they Respectively shall Arrive at the Age of Thirty.\"","Certificate, 1836, verifying that James fulfilled the terms of his apprenticeship indenture. It contains a brief physical description of James and states that he was born free.","Certificate, undated, which includes a description of James Baker.","Certificate, 1851, verifying that an unnamed man (presumably Joseph S. Canon, which is written on the back of the certificate) and Hannah, the woman he wished to marry, are free.","Certificate, undated, stating that William Spindall conveyed Rachel, Washington, and Milly Ann to Augustine Green in 1817. According to the certificate, they were to be emancipated by Green after they reached the age of 32.","Certificate, 1845, verifying that Joseph Miller had never received free papers from the court.","Certificate, 1833, in which Stephen M. Johnson stated that he knew Regin (or Benjamin), who was enslaved by Watty C. Williams, and claimed that he was an \"an unproffitable [sic] hand.\"","Deposition, 1761, of George Harries (or Haires) regarding Catherine Smith, a woman enslaved by Benjamin Rutherford who had either self-emancipated or been taken by a solider.","List, 1829, of enslaved persons given to Mariah, Margaret, and Emily Funston, the wards of M. Taylor. The following enslaved persons are named: Israel, Cathrine, Washington, Emily, William, and Mary.","Relinquishment, 1846, wherein Harriet Hayne, Catherine Pery, John W. Bradley, and Mary W. Bradley relinquished their \"title, right, and claim\" to Caroline, an enslaved woman, to George S. Hayne.","Will, 1795, of Nathaniel Mabry of Greensville County, who instructed that all enslaved persons distributed amongst the family members named in his will were to eventually \"be free and at their Liberty.\" The majority were to be emancipated when they reached the age of 25 or when the family member to whom they were given died. The following enslaved persons are named: Sam, little Cate, Rhoda, Moses, Aaron, Creasy, David, Cate Senr. [Senior], Doctor, Phebe, Fed (or Ted) (2), Ezabell, Grace, Aggy, Ephraim, Ruffin, Dick, Harry, Briton, Sarah, Pompey, Lucy, Squire, Betty, Jenny, Dinah, Amy, John, George, Sintha, Molley, Milley, Cloe, Jacob, Dorcas, Silvey, Fanny, and Andrew.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".225 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images where possible. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The bulk of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images where possible."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, arranged loosely by record type then chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, arranged loosely by record type then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFree and Enslaved Records\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Free and Enslaved Records collection is comprised of miscellaneous records related to the regulation and policing of both enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people in Frederick County. The localities/local government authorities were largely responsible for enforcing laws that restricted the movement of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people and the resulting documentation was often filed in the circuit courts. The ways in which local authorities enacted legal measures against or on behalf of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people varied from locality to locality; therefore, records were not necessarily standardized or filed and retained in a consistent manner. This collection is topical and a means by which to compile miscellaneous documents related to free and enslaved people that are not established local government record types.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSee:\u003c/emph\u003e the Virginia Untold Record Types on the Library of Virginia website for additional context concerning \"Free Negro\" Tax Records and Runaway Records.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free and Enslaved Records","The Free and Enslaved Records collection is comprised of miscellaneous records related to the regulation and policing of both enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people in Frederick County. The localities/local government authorities were largely responsible for enforcing laws that restricted the movement of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people and the resulting documentation was often filed in the circuit courts. The ways in which local authorities enacted legal measures against or on behalf of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people varied from locality to locality; therefore, records were not necessarily standardized or filed and retained in a consistent manner. This collection is topical and a means by which to compile miscellaneous documents related to free and enslaved people that are not established local government record types.","See: the Virginia Untold Record Types on the Library of Virginia website for additional context concerning \"Free Negro\" Tax Records and Runaway Records.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eStarting in 2023, Library of Virginia archival staff in partnership with the Virginia Untold Project Manager began efforts to describe records related to free and enslaved Black and Multiracial people in a manner that improved the historical context of the records. In doing so, in some cases material once described within the \"Free and Enslaved\" record group for a locality may no longer be described within this record. When this has occurred, please see the Processing Information and Related Materials section for records that have been described separately.\u003c/emph\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, indexed, and partially scanned by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eApprenticeship Indentures were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificates of Importation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of Emancipation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Free Negro\" Registrations were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePetitions for Re-Enslavement were removed from this record in July 2026 and are described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePetitions to Remain were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by S. Nerney: November 2007; updated by C. Collins: August 2026.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Starting in 2023, Library of Virginia archival staff in partnership with the Virginia Untold Project Manager began efforts to describe records related to free and enslaved Black and Multiracial people in a manner that improved the historical context of the records. In doing so, in some cases material once described within the \"Free and Enslaved\" record group for a locality may no longer be described within this record. When this has occurred, please see the Processing Information and Related Materials section for records that have been described separately.","These records have been processed, indexed, and partially scanned by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Apprenticeship Indentures were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875.","Certificates of Importation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822.","Deeds of Emancipation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843.","\"Free Negro\" Registrations were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864.","Petitions for Re-Enslavement were removed from this record in July 2026 and are described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859.","Petitions to Remain were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850.","Encoded by S. Nerney: November 2007; updated by C. Collins: August 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00788\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875\u003c/extref\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi061890\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06189\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06187\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06188\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06191\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e \n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e  \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861, are comprised of five lists of \"free Negroes\" hired out for the non-payment of taxes, 1851-1855; six lists of \"free negroes,\" or \"free negroes\" over 12 years of age, 1851-1861, compiled for tax purposes; and nine lists \"free negroes\" delinquent in the payment of their taxes, 1851-1860. To varying extents, the lists record each person's name, as well as their age, sex, residence, occupation, and the amount of tax owed.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatrol Records, 1820-1860, undated, are comprised of patrol accounts, claims, and returns. The records, to varying extents, document the names of the patrollers, the dates/hours they patrolled, the compensation they received, and, in some instances, the area(s) to be patrolled. Generally, patrols were instructed to \"visit within the bounds of the said County at least once a week all negro quarters and other places suspected of having therein unlawful assemblies.\" Additionally, these records include an order directing a patrol be established in Myers Mill.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRunaway Records, 1821-1845, are comprised of the following documents:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAffidavits, 1835, describing the self-emancipation of Nelly, Harriett, Juno, and Rozen from Notley C. Williams [see the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://uncommonwealth.lva.virginia.gov/blog/2025/02/26/enslaved-fugitives/\"\u003etwo-part series\u003c/extref\u003e written about Nelly, Harriet, and Juno on the UnCommonwealth blog]. Rozen was captured and jailed in Fairfax County, and was subsequently sold by Williams.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1821, which stated that Cyrus was a runaway. Filed alongside the certificate is a newspaper advertisement asking that Cyrus' enslaver \"come forward,\" and a receipt for the cost of said advertisement.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1832, verifying that Harrison, suspected of self-emancipating from Thomas Castleman, was apprehended in Hampshire County [now Hampshire County, West Virginia].\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClaim, 1844, stating that an unnamed \"negro\" had been hired out to pay for the court's advertisement of him as a runaway.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOrders, 1824-1834, to value William Lucus, Edward, Jane, John, Tom, Sam (2), Betsey, Thomas, and Jesse, who were confined to jail as runaways.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOrder, 1834, to sell John Harris, who was confined to jail as a runaway and had yet to be claimed. The order is accompanied by a report of sale.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReport of jailer, [1827?] [1837?], related to John.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReport of sale, 1845, of Jerry Garrison, who was brought to Frederick County from Pennsylvania.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReport of valuation, 1825, for Bob, who was confined to jail as a runaway.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional single items relating to the documentation of free and enslaved Black and Multiracial individuals in and around Frederick County, Va., include:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwo agreements, 1821, in which Abraham Hiswander sold Christena and Aaron to George Ritenour. As part of the agreement, Hiswander required Ritenour to emancipate Aaron, as well as Christena and her descendants, \"as they Respectively shall Arrive at the Age of Thirty.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1836, verifying that James fulfilled the terms of his apprenticeship indenture. It contains a brief physical description of James and states that he was born free.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, undated, which includes a description of James Baker.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1851, verifying that an unnamed man (presumably Joseph S. Canon, which is written on the back of the certificate) and Hannah, the woman he wished to marry, are free.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, undated, stating that William Spindall conveyed Rachel, Washington, and Milly Ann to Augustine Green in 1817. According to the certificate, they were to be emancipated by Green after they reached the age of 32.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1845, verifying that Joseph Miller had never received free papers from the court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1833, in which Stephen M. Johnson stated that he knew Regin (or Benjamin), who was enslaved by Watty C. Williams, and claimed that he was an \"an unproffitable [sic] hand.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeposition, 1761, of George Harries (or Haires) regarding Catherine Smith, a woman enslaved by Benjamin Rutherford who had either self-emancipated or been taken by a solider.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList, 1829, of enslaved persons given to Mariah, Margaret, and Emily Funston, the wards of M. Taylor. The following enslaved persons are named: Israel, Cathrine, Washington, Emily, William, and Mary.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelinquishment, 1846, wherein Harriet Hayne, Catherine Pery, John W. Bradley, and Mary W. Bradley relinquished their \"title, right, and claim\" to Caroline, an enslaved woman, to George S. Hayne.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill, 1795, of Nathaniel Mabry of Greensville County, who instructed that all enslaved persons distributed amongst the family members named in his will were to eventually \"be free and at their Liberty.\" The majority were to be emancipated when they reached the age of 25 or when the family member to whom they were given died. The following enslaved persons are named: Sam, little Cate, Rhoda, Moses, Aaron, Creasy, David, Cate Senr. [Senior], Doctor, Phebe, Fed (or Ted) (2), Ezabell, Grace, Aggy, Ephraim, Ruffin, Dick, Harry, Briton, Sarah, Pompey, Lucy, Squire, Betty, Jenny, Dinah, Amy, John, George, Sintha, Molley, Milley, Cloe, Jacob, Dorcas, Silvey, Fanny, and Andrew.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated.","\"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861, are comprised of five lists of \"free Negroes\" hired out for the non-payment of taxes, 1851-1855; six lists of \"free negroes,\" or \"free negroes\" over 12 years of age, 1851-1861, compiled for tax purposes; and nine lists \"free negroes\" delinquent in the payment of their taxes, 1851-1860. To varying extents, the lists record each person's name, as well as their age, sex, residence, occupation, and the amount of tax owed.","Patrol Records, 1820-1860, undated, are comprised of patrol accounts, claims, and returns. The records, to varying extents, document the names of the patrollers, the dates/hours they patrolled, the compensation they received, and, in some instances, the area(s) to be patrolled. Generally, patrols were instructed to \"visit within the bounds of the said County at least once a week all negro quarters and other places suspected of having therein unlawful assemblies.\" Additionally, these records include an order directing a patrol be established in Myers Mill.","Runaway Records, 1821-1845, are comprised of the following documents:","Affidavits, 1835, describing the self-emancipation of Nelly, Harriett, Juno, and Rozen from Notley C. Williams [see the two-part series written about Nelly, Harriet, and Juno on the UnCommonwealth blog]. Rozen was captured and jailed in Fairfax County, and was subsequently sold by Williams.","Certificate, 1821, which stated that Cyrus was a runaway. Filed alongside the certificate is a newspaper advertisement asking that Cyrus' enslaver \"come forward,\" and a receipt for the cost of said advertisement.","Certificate, 1832, verifying that Harrison, suspected of self-emancipating from Thomas Castleman, was apprehended in Hampshire County [now Hampshire County, West Virginia].","Claim, 1844, stating that an unnamed \"negro\" had been hired out to pay for the court's advertisement of him as a runaway.","Orders, 1824-1834, to value William Lucus, Edward, Jane, John, Tom, Sam (2), Betsey, Thomas, and Jesse, who were confined to jail as runaways.","Order, 1834, to sell John Harris, who was confined to jail as a runaway and had yet to be claimed. The order is accompanied by a report of sale.","Report of jailer, [1827?] [1837?], related to John.","Report of sale, 1845, of Jerry Garrison, who was brought to Frederick County from Pennsylvania.","Report of valuation, 1825, for Bob, who was confined to jail as a runaway.","Additional single items relating to the documentation of free and enslaved Black and Multiracial individuals in and around Frederick County, Va., include:","Two agreements, 1821, in which Abraham Hiswander sold Christena and Aaron to George Ritenour. As part of the agreement, Hiswander required Ritenour to emancipate Aaron, as well as Christena and her descendants, \"as they Respectively shall Arrive at the Age of Thirty.\"","Certificate, 1836, verifying that James fulfilled the terms of his apprenticeship indenture. It contains a brief physical description of James and states that he was born free.","Certificate, undated, which includes a description of James Baker.","Certificate, 1851, verifying that an unnamed man (presumably Joseph S. Canon, which is written on the back of the certificate) and Hannah, the woman he wished to marry, are free.","Certificate, undated, stating that William Spindall conveyed Rachel, Washington, and Milly Ann to Augustine Green in 1817. According to the certificate, they were to be emancipated by Green after they reached the age of 32.","Certificate, 1845, verifying that Joseph Miller had never received free papers from the court.","Certificate, 1833, in which Stephen M. Johnson stated that he knew Regin (or Benjamin), who was enslaved by Watty C. Williams, and claimed that he was an \"an unproffitable [sic] hand.\"","Deposition, 1761, of George Harries (or Haires) regarding Catherine Smith, a woman enslaved by Benjamin Rutherford who had either self-emancipated or been taken by a solider.","List, 1829, of enslaved persons given to Mariah, Margaret, and Emily Funston, the wards of M. Taylor. The following enslaved persons are named: Israel, Cathrine, Washington, Emily, William, and Mary.","Relinquishment, 1846, wherein Harriet Hayne, Catherine Pery, John W. Bradley, and Mary W. Bradley relinquished their \"title, right, and claim\" to Caroline, an enslaved woman, to George S. Hayne.","Will, 1795, of Nathaniel Mabry of Greensville County, who instructed that all enslaved persons distributed amongst the family members named in his will were to eventually \"be free and at their Liberty.\" The majority were to be emancipated when they reached the age of 25 or when the family member to whom they were given died. The following enslaved persons are named: Sam, little Cate, Rhoda, Moses, Aaron, Creasy, David, Cate Senr. [Senior], Doctor, Phebe, Fed (or Ted) (2), Ezabell, Grace, Aggy, Ephraim, Ruffin, Dick, Harry, Briton, Sarah, Pompey, Lucy, Squire, Betty, Jenny, Dinah, Amy, John, George, Sintha, Molley, Milley, Cloe, Jacob, Dorcas, Silvey, Fanny, and Andrew."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-20T13:00:44.779Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01364","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01364","_root_":"vi_vi01364","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01364","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01364.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861",".225 cu. ft. (1 box)","The bulk of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images where possible.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, arranged loosely by record type then chronologically.","Context for Record Type:","Free and Enslaved Records","The Free and Enslaved Records collection is comprised of miscellaneous records related to the regulation and policing of both enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people in Frederick County. The localities/local government authorities were largely responsible for enforcing laws that restricted the movement of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people and the resulting documentation was often filed in the circuit courts. The ways in which local authorities enacted legal measures against or on behalf of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people varied from locality to locality; therefore, records were not necessarily standardized or filed and retained in a consistent manner. This collection is topical and a means by which to compile miscellaneous documents related to free and enslaved people that are not established local government record types.","See: the Virginia Untold Record Types on the Library of Virginia website for additional context concerning \"Free Negro\" Tax Records and Runaway Records.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Starting in 2023, Library of Virginia archival staff in partnership with the Virginia Untold Project Manager began efforts to describe records related to free and enslaved Black and Multiracial people in a manner that improved the historical context of the records. In doing so, in some cases material once described within the \"Free and Enslaved\" record group for a locality may no longer be described within this record. When this has occurred, please see the Processing Information and Related Materials section for records that have been described separately.","These records have been processed, indexed, and partially scanned by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Apprenticeship Indentures were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875.","Certificates of Importation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822.","Deeds of Emancipation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843.","\"Free Negro\" Registrations were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864.","Petitions for Re-Enslavement were removed from this record in July 2026 and are described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859.","Petitions to Remain were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850.","Encoded by S. Nerney: November 2007; updated by C. Collins: August 2026.","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated.","\"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861, are comprised of five lists of \"free Negroes\" hired out for the non-payment of taxes, 1851-1855; six lists of \"free negroes,\" or \"free negroes\" over 12 years of age, 1851-1861, compiled for tax purposes; and nine lists \"free negroes\" delinquent in the payment of their taxes, 1851-1860. To varying extents, the lists record each person's name, as well as their age, sex, residence, occupation, and the amount of tax owed.","Patrol Records, 1820-1860, undated, are comprised of patrol accounts, claims, and returns. The records, to varying extents, document the names of the patrollers, the dates/hours they patrolled, the compensation they received, and, in some instances, the area(s) to be patrolled. Generally, patrols were instructed to \"visit within the bounds of the said County at least once a week all negro quarters and other places suspected of having therein unlawful assemblies.\" Additionally, these records include an order directing a patrol be established in Myers Mill.","Runaway Records, 1821-1845, are comprised of the following documents:","Affidavits, 1835, describing the self-emancipation of Nelly, Harriett, Juno, and Rozen from Notley C. Williams [see the two-part series written about Nelly, Harriet, and Juno on the UnCommonwealth blog]. Rozen was captured and jailed in Fairfax County, and was subsequently sold by Williams.","Certificate, 1821, which stated that Cyrus was a runaway. Filed alongside the certificate is a newspaper advertisement asking that Cyrus' enslaver \"come forward,\" and a receipt for the cost of said advertisement.","Certificate, 1832, verifying that Harrison, suspected of self-emancipating from Thomas Castleman, was apprehended in Hampshire County [now Hampshire County, West Virginia].","Claim, 1844, stating that an unnamed \"negro\" had been hired out to pay for the court's advertisement of him as a runaway.","Orders, 1824-1834, to value William Lucus, Edward, Jane, John, Tom, Sam (2), Betsey, Thomas, and Jesse, who were confined to jail as runaways.","Order, 1834, to sell John Harris, who was confined to jail as a runaway and had yet to be claimed. The order is accompanied by a report of sale.","Report of jailer, [1827?] [1837?], related to John.","Report of sale, 1845, of Jerry Garrison, who was brought to Frederick County from Pennsylvania.","Report of valuation, 1825, for Bob, who was confined to jail as a runaway.","Additional single items relating to the documentation of free and enslaved Black and Multiracial individuals in and around Frederick County, Va., include:","Two agreements, 1821, in which Abraham Hiswander sold Christena and Aaron to George Ritenour. As part of the agreement, Hiswander required Ritenour to emancipate Aaron, as well as Christena and her descendants, \"as they Respectively shall Arrive at the Age of Thirty.\"","Certificate, 1836, verifying that James fulfilled the terms of his apprenticeship indenture. It contains a brief physical description of James and states that he was born free.","Certificate, undated, which includes a description of James Baker.","Certificate, 1851, verifying that an unnamed man (presumably Joseph S. Canon, which is written on the back of the certificate) and Hannah, the woman he wished to marry, are free.","Certificate, undated, stating that William Spindall conveyed Rachel, Washington, and Milly Ann to Augustine Green in 1817. According to the certificate, they were to be emancipated by Green after they reached the age of 32.","Certificate, 1845, verifying that Joseph Miller had never received free papers from the court.","Certificate, 1833, in which Stephen M. Johnson stated that he knew Regin (or Benjamin), who was enslaved by Watty C. Williams, and claimed that he was an \"an unproffitable [sic] hand.\"","Deposition, 1761, of George Harries (or Haires) regarding Catherine Smith, a woman enslaved by Benjamin Rutherford who had either self-emancipated or been taken by a solider.","List, 1829, of enslaved persons given to Mariah, Margaret, and Emily Funston, the wards of M. Taylor. The following enslaved persons are named: Israel, Cathrine, Washington, Emily, William, and Mary.","Relinquishment, 1846, wherein Harriet Hayne, Catherine Pery, John W. Bradley, and Mary W. Bradley relinquished their \"title, right, and claim\" to Caroline, an enslaved woman, to George S. Hayne.","Will, 1795, of Nathaniel Mabry of Greensville County, who instructed that all enslaved persons distributed amongst the family members named in his will were to eventually \"be free and at their Liberty.\" The majority were to be emancipated when they reached the age of 25 or when the family member to whom they were given died. The following enslaved persons are named: Sam, little Cate, Rhoda, Moses, Aaron, Creasy, David, Cate Senr. [Senior], Doctor, Phebe, Fed (or Ted) (2), Ezabell, Grace, Aggy, Ephraim, Ruffin, Dick, Harry, Briton, Sarah, Pompey, Lucy, Squire, Betty, Jenny, Dinah, Amy, John, George, Sintha, Molley, Milley, Cloe, Jacob, Dorcas, Silvey, Fanny, and Andrew.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".225 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images where possible. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The bulk of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images where possible."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, arranged loosely by record type then chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, arranged loosely by record type then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFree and Enslaved Records\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Free and Enslaved Records collection is comprised of miscellaneous records related to the regulation and policing of both enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people in Frederick County. The localities/local government authorities were largely responsible for enforcing laws that restricted the movement of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people and the resulting documentation was often filed in the circuit courts. The ways in which local authorities enacted legal measures against or on behalf of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people varied from locality to locality; therefore, records were not necessarily standardized or filed and retained in a consistent manner. This collection is topical and a means by which to compile miscellaneous documents related to free and enslaved people that are not established local government record types.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSee:\u003c/emph\u003e the Virginia Untold Record Types on the Library of Virginia website for additional context concerning \"Free Negro\" Tax Records and Runaway Records.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free and Enslaved Records","The Free and Enslaved Records collection is comprised of miscellaneous records related to the regulation and policing of both enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people in Frederick County. The localities/local government authorities were largely responsible for enforcing laws that restricted the movement of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people and the resulting documentation was often filed in the circuit courts. The ways in which local authorities enacted legal measures against or on behalf of enslaved and free Black and Multiracial people varied from locality to locality; therefore, records were not necessarily standardized or filed and retained in a consistent manner. This collection is topical and a means by which to compile miscellaneous documents related to free and enslaved people that are not established local government record types.","See: the Virginia Untold Record Types on the Library of Virginia website for additional context concerning \"Free Negro\" Tax Records and Runaway Records.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eStarting in 2023, Library of Virginia archival staff in partnership with the Virginia Untold Project Manager began efforts to describe records related to free and enslaved Black and Multiracial people in a manner that improved the historical context of the records. In doing so, in some cases material once described within the \"Free and Enslaved\" record group for a locality may no longer be described within this record. When this has occurred, please see the Processing Information and Related Materials section for records that have been described separately.\u003c/emph\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, indexed, and partially scanned by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eApprenticeship Indentures were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificates of Importation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of Emancipation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Free Negro\" Registrations were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePetitions for Re-Enslavement were removed from this record in July 2026 and are described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePetitions to Remain were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by S. Nerney: November 2007; updated by C. Collins: August 2026.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Starting in 2023, Library of Virginia archival staff in partnership with the Virginia Untold Project Manager began efforts to describe records related to free and enslaved Black and Multiracial people in a manner that improved the historical context of the records. In doing so, in some cases material once described within the \"Free and Enslaved\" record group for a locality may no longer be described within this record. When this has occurred, please see the Processing Information and Related Materials section for records that have been described separately.","These records have been processed, indexed, and partially scanned by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Apprenticeship Indentures were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875.","Certificates of Importation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822.","Deeds of Emancipation were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843.","\"Free Negro\" Registrations were removed from this record in August 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864.","Petitions for Re-Enslavement were removed from this record in July 2026 and are described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859.","Petitions to Remain were removed from this record in July 2026 and are now described in Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850.","Encoded by S. Nerney: November 2007; updated by C. Collins: August 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00788\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875\u003c/extref\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi061890\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06189\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06187\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06188\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06191\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e \n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e  \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1800-1875","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Certificates of Importation, 1798-1822","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1795-1843","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861, are comprised of five lists of \"free Negroes\" hired out for the non-payment of taxes, 1851-1855; six lists of \"free negroes,\" or \"free negroes\" over 12 years of age, 1851-1861, compiled for tax purposes; and nine lists \"free negroes\" delinquent in the payment of their taxes, 1851-1860. To varying extents, the lists record each person's name, as well as their age, sex, residence, occupation, and the amount of tax owed.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatrol Records, 1820-1860, undated, are comprised of patrol accounts, claims, and returns. The records, to varying extents, document the names of the patrollers, the dates/hours they patrolled, the compensation they received, and, in some instances, the area(s) to be patrolled. Generally, patrols were instructed to \"visit within the bounds of the said County at least once a week all negro quarters and other places suspected of having therein unlawful assemblies.\" Additionally, these records include an order directing a patrol be established in Myers Mill.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRunaway Records, 1821-1845, are comprised of the following documents:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAffidavits, 1835, describing the self-emancipation of Nelly, Harriett, Juno, and Rozen from Notley C. Williams [see the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://uncommonwealth.lva.virginia.gov/blog/2025/02/26/enslaved-fugitives/\"\u003etwo-part series\u003c/extref\u003e written about Nelly, Harriet, and Juno on the UnCommonwealth blog]. Rozen was captured and jailed in Fairfax County, and was subsequently sold by Williams.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1821, which stated that Cyrus was a runaway. Filed alongside the certificate is a newspaper advertisement asking that Cyrus' enslaver \"come forward,\" and a receipt for the cost of said advertisement.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1832, verifying that Harrison, suspected of self-emancipating from Thomas Castleman, was apprehended in Hampshire County [now Hampshire County, West Virginia].\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClaim, 1844, stating that an unnamed \"negro\" had been hired out to pay for the court's advertisement of him as a runaway.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOrders, 1824-1834, to value William Lucus, Edward, Jane, John, Tom, Sam (2), Betsey, Thomas, and Jesse, who were confined to jail as runaways.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOrder, 1834, to sell John Harris, who was confined to jail as a runaway and had yet to be claimed. The order is accompanied by a report of sale.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReport of jailer, [1827?] [1837?], related to John.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReport of sale, 1845, of Jerry Garrison, who was brought to Frederick County from Pennsylvania.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReport of valuation, 1825, for Bob, who was confined to jail as a runaway.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional single items relating to the documentation of free and enslaved Black and Multiracial individuals in and around Frederick County, Va., include:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwo agreements, 1821, in which Abraham Hiswander sold Christena and Aaron to George Ritenour. As part of the agreement, Hiswander required Ritenour to emancipate Aaron, as well as Christena and her descendants, \"as they Respectively shall Arrive at the Age of Thirty.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1836, verifying that James fulfilled the terms of his apprenticeship indenture. It contains a brief physical description of James and states that he was born free.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, undated, which includes a description of James Baker.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1851, verifying that an unnamed man (presumably Joseph S. Canon, which is written on the back of the certificate) and Hannah, the woman he wished to marry, are free.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, undated, stating that William Spindall conveyed Rachel, Washington, and Milly Ann to Augustine Green in 1817. According to the certificate, they were to be emancipated by Green after they reached the age of 32.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1845, verifying that Joseph Miller had never received free papers from the court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCertificate, 1833, in which Stephen M. Johnson stated that he knew Regin (or Benjamin), who was enslaved by Watty C. Williams, and claimed that he was an \"an unproffitable [sic] hand.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeposition, 1761, of George Harries (or Haires) regarding Catherine Smith, a woman enslaved by Benjamin Rutherford who had either self-emancipated or been taken by a solider.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList, 1829, of enslaved persons given to Mariah, Margaret, and Emily Funston, the wards of M. Taylor. The following enslaved persons are named: Israel, Cathrine, Washington, Emily, William, and Mary.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelinquishment, 1846, wherein Harriet Hayne, Catherine Pery, John W. Bradley, and Mary W. Bradley relinquished their \"title, right, and claim\" to Caroline, an enslaved woman, to George S. Hayne.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill, 1795, of Nathaniel Mabry of Greensville County, who instructed that all enslaved persons distributed amongst the family members named in his will were to eventually \"be free and at their Liberty.\" The majority were to be emancipated when they reached the age of 25 or when the family member to whom they were given died. The following enslaved persons are named: Sam, little Cate, Rhoda, Moses, Aaron, Creasy, David, Cate Senr. [Senior], Doctor, Phebe, Fed (or Ted) (2), Ezabell, Grace, Aggy, Ephraim, Ruffin, Dick, Harry, Briton, Sarah, Pompey, Lucy, Squire, Betty, Jenny, Dinah, Amy, John, George, Sintha, Molley, Milley, Cloe, Jacob, Dorcas, Silvey, Fanny, and Andrew.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, consist of \"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861; Patrol Records, 1820-1860; Runaway Records, 1821-1845; and additional single items, 1761, 1795, 1821-1851, undated.","\"Free Negro\" Tax Records, 1851-1861, are comprised of five lists of \"free Negroes\" hired out for the non-payment of taxes, 1851-1855; six lists of \"free negroes,\" or \"free negroes\" over 12 years of age, 1851-1861, compiled for tax purposes; and nine lists \"free negroes\" delinquent in the payment of their taxes, 1851-1860. To varying extents, the lists record each person's name, as well as their age, sex, residence, occupation, and the amount of tax owed.","Patrol Records, 1820-1860, undated, are comprised of patrol accounts, claims, and returns. The records, to varying extents, document the names of the patrollers, the dates/hours they patrolled, the compensation they received, and, in some instances, the area(s) to be patrolled. Generally, patrols were instructed to \"visit within the bounds of the said County at least once a week all negro quarters and other places suspected of having therein unlawful assemblies.\" Additionally, these records include an order directing a patrol be established in Myers Mill.","Runaway Records, 1821-1845, are comprised of the following documents:","Affidavits, 1835, describing the self-emancipation of Nelly, Harriett, Juno, and Rozen from Notley C. Williams [see the two-part series written about Nelly, Harriet, and Juno on the UnCommonwealth blog]. Rozen was captured and jailed in Fairfax County, and was subsequently sold by Williams.","Certificate, 1821, which stated that Cyrus was a runaway. Filed alongside the certificate is a newspaper advertisement asking that Cyrus' enslaver \"come forward,\" and a receipt for the cost of said advertisement.","Certificate, 1832, verifying that Harrison, suspected of self-emancipating from Thomas Castleman, was apprehended in Hampshire County [now Hampshire County, West Virginia].","Claim, 1844, stating that an unnamed \"negro\" had been hired out to pay for the court's advertisement of him as a runaway.","Orders, 1824-1834, to value William Lucus, Edward, Jane, John, Tom, Sam (2), Betsey, Thomas, and Jesse, who were confined to jail as runaways.","Order, 1834, to sell John Harris, who was confined to jail as a runaway and had yet to be claimed. The order is accompanied by a report of sale.","Report of jailer, [1827?] [1837?], related to John.","Report of sale, 1845, of Jerry Garrison, who was brought to Frederick County from Pennsylvania.","Report of valuation, 1825, for Bob, who was confined to jail as a runaway.","Additional single items relating to the documentation of free and enslaved Black and Multiracial individuals in and around Frederick County, Va., include:","Two agreements, 1821, in which Abraham Hiswander sold Christena and Aaron to George Ritenour. As part of the agreement, Hiswander required Ritenour to emancipate Aaron, as well as Christena and her descendants, \"as they Respectively shall Arrive at the Age of Thirty.\"","Certificate, 1836, verifying that James fulfilled the terms of his apprenticeship indenture. It contains a brief physical description of James and states that he was born free.","Certificate, undated, which includes a description of James Baker.","Certificate, 1851, verifying that an unnamed man (presumably Joseph S. Canon, which is written on the back of the certificate) and Hannah, the woman he wished to marry, are free.","Certificate, undated, stating that William Spindall conveyed Rachel, Washington, and Milly Ann to Augustine Green in 1817. According to the certificate, they were to be emancipated by Green after they reached the age of 32.","Certificate, 1845, verifying that Joseph Miller had never received free papers from the court.","Certificate, 1833, in which Stephen M. Johnson stated that he knew Regin (or Benjamin), who was enslaved by Watty C. Williams, and claimed that he was an \"an unproffitable [sic] hand.\"","Deposition, 1761, of George Harries (or Haires) regarding Catherine Smith, a woman enslaved by Benjamin Rutherford who had either self-emancipated or been taken by a solider.","List, 1829, of enslaved persons given to Mariah, Margaret, and Emily Funston, the wards of M. Taylor. The following enslaved persons are named: Israel, Cathrine, Washington, Emily, William, and Mary.","Relinquishment, 1846, wherein Harriet Hayne, Catherine Pery, John W. Bradley, and Mary W. Bradley relinquished their \"title, right, and claim\" to Caroline, an enslaved woman, to George S. Hayne.","Will, 1795, of Nathaniel Mabry of Greensville County, who instructed that all enslaved persons distributed amongst the family members named in his will were to eventually \"be free and at their Liberty.\" The majority were to be emancipated when they reached the age of 25 or when the family member to whom they were given died. The following enslaved persons are named: Sam, little Cate, Rhoda, Moses, Aaron, Creasy, David, Cate Senr. [Senior], Doctor, Phebe, Fed (or Ted) (2), Ezabell, Grace, Aggy, Ephraim, Ruffin, Dick, Harry, Briton, Sarah, Pompey, Lucy, Squire, Betty, Jenny, Dinah, Amy, John, George, Sintha, Molley, Milley, Cloe, Jacob, Dorcas, Silvey, Fanny, and Andrew."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-20T13:00:44.779Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364"}},{"id":"vi_vi02845","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02845#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02845#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02845#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02845","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02845","_root_":"vi_vi02845","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02845","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02845.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October","1117067","Civil court records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","3 p.","Do not serve originals. Serve photocopies.","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court.","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1117067"],"unitid_tesim":["1117067"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"creators_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil court records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil court records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3 p."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDo not serve originals. Serve photocopies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Do not serve originals. Serve photocopies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court.","Washington, George, 1732-1799."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02845","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02845","_root_":"vi_vi02845","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02845","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02845.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October","1117067","Civil court records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","3 p.","Do not serve originals. Serve photocopies.","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court.","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgment, John Harrow versus George Washington, 1754 October, consists of three processes issued by the Frederick County county court beginning in 1754 April for the sheriff to take Washington into custody to answer Harrow in a plea of trespass. At common law, trespass was a form of action brought to recover damages for any injury to one's person or property or relationship with another. The suit consists of the capias, the alias capias, and the pluries capias, or the first, second, and third processes issued by the court to have Washington brought in to answer the suit. A notation on the reverse of the capias by deputy sheriff William Green states that, \"The within named George Washington would not be taken he kept me off by force of arms.\" The suit was dismissed in 1754 October."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) 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For a more detailed history of tithables, consult \"Colonial tithables\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site.","Frederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. Consists of the list of tithable heads of household and taxable property in the county for the years 1781, 1784-1786.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786."],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1154778"],"unitid_tesim":["1154778"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. Consists of the list of tithable heads of household and taxable property in the county for the years 1781, 1784-1786. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. 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Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. Consists of the list of tithable heads of household and taxable property in the county for the years 1781, 1784-1786. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Lists of Tithables and Taxable Property, 1781, 1784-1786. 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Marriage Register, 1850-1870","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02582#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02582#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870, is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The first half of this original volume, 1850-1862, mentions the date of the marriage license and the full names of both parties. In this part of the volume, marriages between \"free negroes\" or \"persons of color\" are found in every year except 1855. In the second section of the volume, 1865-1870, the following information is found: the fulll name of husband and wife, the date of marriage, the place of marriage, the age of the husband, the age of the wife, the condition of the husband (including his occupation) before marriage, the condition of the wife before marriage, the birth places of husband and wife, the names of their parents and the name of the person who married them. All marriages are numbered consectively from 1 to 643. Marriages between \"persons of color\" are noted throughout this section. There are no record of any marriages, white or colored, for the years 1863 and 1864. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02582#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02582","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02582","_root_":"vi_vi02582","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02582.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) 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The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II.","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court.","Additional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870, is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk.  The first half of this original volume, 1850-1862, mentions the date of the marriage license and the full names of both parties.  In this part of the volume, marriages between \"free negroes\" or \"persons of color\" are found in every year except 1855.  In the second section of the volume, 1865-1870, the following information is found:  the fulll name of husband and wife,  the date of marriage, the place of marriage, the age of the husband, the age of the wife,  the condition of the husband (including his occupation) before marriage, the condition of the wife before marriage, the birth places of husband and wife, the names of their parents and the name of the person who married them.  All marriages are numbered consectively from 1 to 643.  Marriages between \"persons of color\" are noted throughout this section.  There are no record of any marriages, white or colored, for the years 1863 and 1864.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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The county court first met on 11 November 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.  The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePrior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  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Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  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Marriage Register, 1850-1870, is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk.  The first half of this original volume, 1850-1862, mentions the date of the marriage license and the full names of both parties.  In this part of the volume, marriages between \"free negroes\" or \"persons of color\" are found in every year except 1855.  In the second section of the volume, 1865-1870, the following information is found:  the fulll name of husband and wife,  the date of marriage, the place of marriage, the age of the husband, the age of the wife,  the condition of the husband (including his occupation) before marriage, the condition of the wife before marriage, the birth places of husband and wife, the names of their parents and the name of the person who married them.  All marriages are numbered consectively from 1 to 643.  Marriages between \"persons of color\" are noted throughout this section.  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In the second section of the volume, 1865-1870, the following information is found:  the fulll name of husband and wife,  the date of marriage, the place of marriage, the age of the husband, the age of the wife,  the condition of the husband (including his occupation) before marriage, the condition of the wife before marriage, the birth places of husband and wife, the names of their parents and the name of the person who married them.  All marriages are numbered consectively from 1 to 643.  Marriages between \"persons of color\" are noted throughout this section.  There are no record of any marriages, white or colored, for the years 1863 and 1864."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) 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Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1850-1870.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA095\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) 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In the second section of the volume, 1865-1870, the following information is found:  the fulll name of husband and wife,  the date of marriage, the place of marriage, the age of the husband, the age of the wife,  the condition of the husband (including his occupation) before marriage, the condition of the wife before marriage, the birth places of husband and wife, the names of their parents and the name of the person who married them.  All marriages are numbered consectively from 1 to 643.  Marriages between \"persons of color\" are noted throughout this section.  There are no record of any marriages, white or colored, for the years 1863 and 1864."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) 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The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage. Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112. Corrections to entries are noted in pencil. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02583#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02583","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02583","_root_":"vi_vi02583","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02583","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02583.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908","1098651, 1098649","African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Clergy--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Occupations--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage registers--Virginia--Frederick County.","2 v.  Register, 1782-1853, has 114 pages.  Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is unnumbered.","There are no restrictions.","Frederick County was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function.  The county court first met on 11 November 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.  The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son on King George II.","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court until 1904.  After this date, marriages were recorded in the Circuit Court.","Additional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1782-1853, is a typewritten list compiled by extracting information from the original marriage bonds and ministers' returns found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.  The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage.  Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112.  Corrections to entries are noted in pencil.","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is an original volume.  It is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The following information is found:  the date and place of the marriage, the full names of parties, the age and condition of parties before marriage, their birth places, their places of residence, the names of their parents, the occupation of the husband, the name of the person performing the marriage ceremony and any remarks associated with the marriage such as who was present and whether there was an affidavit or consent given.  The entries are numbered consecutively within a given year and are arranged by date, month and year with small variances. Additional entries are noted in pencil.  African American marriages are noted, 1865-1907, in the remarks section as marriages between \"colored\" persons.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1098651, 1098649"],"unitid_tesim":["1098651, 1098649"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"creators_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) 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Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court until 1904.  After this date, marriages were recorded in the Circuit Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function.  The county court first met on 11 November 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.  The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son on King George II.","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court until 1904.  After this date, marriages were recorded in the Circuit Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA095\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1782-1853, is a typewritten list compiled by extracting information from the original marriage bonds and ministers' returns found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.  The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage.  Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112.  Corrections to entries are noted in pencil.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is an original volume.  It is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The following information is found:  the date and place of the marriage, the full names of parties, the age and condition of parties before marriage, their birth places, their places of residence, the names of their parents, the occupation of the husband, the name of the person performing the marriage ceremony and any remarks associated with the marriage such as who was present and whether there was an affidavit or consent given.  The entries are numbered consecutively within a given year and are arranged by date, month and year with small variances. Additional entries are noted in pencil.  African American marriages are noted, 1865-1907, in the remarks section as marriages between \"colored\" persons.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1782-1853, is a typewritten list compiled by extracting information from the original marriage bonds and ministers' returns found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.  The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage.  Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112.  Corrections to entries are noted in pencil.","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is an original volume.  It is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The following information is found:  the date and place of the marriage, the full names of parties, the age and condition of parties before marriage, their birth places, their places of residence, the names of their parents, the occupation of the husband, the name of the person performing the marriage ceremony and any remarks associated with the marriage such as who was present and whether there was an affidavit or consent given.  The entries are numbered consecutively within a given year and are arranged by date, month and year with small variances. Additional entries are noted in pencil.  African American marriages are noted, 1865-1907, in the remarks section as marriages between \"colored\" persons."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02583","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02583","_root_":"vi_vi02583","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02583","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02583.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908","1098651, 1098649","African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Clergy--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Occupations--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage registers--Virginia--Frederick County.","2 v.  Register, 1782-1853, has 114 pages.  Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is unnumbered.","There are no restrictions.","Frederick County was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function.  The county court first met on 11 November 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.  The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son on King George II.","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court until 1904.  After this date, marriages were recorded in the Circuit Court.","Additional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1782-1853, is a typewritten list compiled by extracting information from the original marriage bonds and ministers' returns found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.  The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage.  Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112.  Corrections to entries are noted in pencil.","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is an original volume.  It is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The following information is found:  the date and place of the marriage, the full names of parties, the age and condition of parties before marriage, their birth places, their places of residence, the names of their parents, the occupation of the husband, the name of the person performing the marriage ceremony and any remarks associated with the marriage such as who was present and whether there was an affidavit or consent given.  The entries are numbered consecutively within a given year and are arranged by date, month and year with small variances. Additional entries are noted in pencil.  African American marriages are noted, 1865-1907, in the remarks section as marriages between \"colored\" persons.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1098651, 1098649"],"unitid_tesim":["1098651, 1098649"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"creators_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Clergy--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Occupations--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage registers--Virginia--Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Clergy--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage--Virginia--Frederick County.","Occupations--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Marriage registers--Virginia--Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 v.  Register, 1782-1853, has 114 pages.  Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is unnumbered."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function.  The county court first met on 11 November 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.  The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son on King George II.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePrior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court until 1904.  After this date, marriages were recorded in the Circuit Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function.  The county court first met on 11 November 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.  The county was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son on King George II.","Prior to 1853, when the Commonwealth began recording vital statistics, Virginia marriages were recorded at the county or city level.  Beginning in 1661, in order to be married by license, the groom was required to go before the county clerk and give bond with security that there was no lawful reason to prevent the marriage.  The license, issued then by the clerk, was given to the minister who performed the service.  Written consent from a parent or guardian was needed for individuals younger than twenty-one years.","In 1853, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the systematic statewide recording of vital statistics.  The marriage register, still compiled by the county clerk from ministers' returns and other original marriage records, became more standardized and comprehensive.","The original marriage records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the County Court until 1904.  After this date, marriages were recorded in the Circuit Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Registers, 1782-1908.  Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA095\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Frederick County Marriage Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1782-1853, is a typewritten list compiled by extracting information from the original marriage bonds and ministers' returns found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.  The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage.  Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112.  Corrections to entries are noted in pencil.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Marriage Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is an original volume.  It is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The following information is found:  the date and place of the marriage, the full names of parties, the age and condition of parties before marriage, their birth places, their places of residence, the names of their parents, the occupation of the husband, the name of the person performing the marriage ceremony and any remarks associated with the marriage such as who was present and whether there was an affidavit or consent given.  The entries are numbered consecutively within a given year and are arranged by date, month and year with small variances. Additional entries are noted in pencil.  African American marriages are noted, 1865-1907, in the remarks section as marriages between \"colored\" persons.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register, 1782-1853, is a typewritten list compiled by extracting information from the original marriage bonds and ministers' returns found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.  The register contains only the full names of the parties, the name of the minister who performed the marriage ceremony and the date of the marriage.  Marriages between \"mulattoes\" and \"free negroes\" are noted from 1809-1852--pages 51 through 112.  Corrections to entries are noted in pencil.","Frederick County (Va.) Marriage Register Number 2, 1853-1908, is an original volume.  It is a list of marriages celebrated in the county and recorded by the county clerk. The following information is found:  the date and place of the marriage, the full names of parties, the age and condition of parties before marriage, their birth places, their places of residence, the names of their parents, the occupation of the husband, the name of the person performing the marriage ceremony and any remarks associated with the marriage such as who was present and whether there was an affidavit or consent given.  The entries are numbered consecutively within a given year and are arranged by date, month and year with small variances. Additional entries are noted in pencil.  African American marriages are noted, 1865-1907, in the remarks section as marriages between \"colored\" persons."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Frederick County (Va.) County Court."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02583"}},{"id":"vi_vi06187","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06187#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06187#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06187#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06187","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06187","_root_":"vi_vi06187","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06187","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06187.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type: Petitions for Re-enslavement consist of petitions of free Black individuals choosing to be re-enslaved. An act passed by the Virginia General Assembly in 1806 required formerly enslaved people to leave the commonwealth within twelve months of being granted their freedom. Individuals were forced to leave behind family, friends, and community who remained enslaved. In addition, many emancipated people did not have the financial means or social support to move to a free state. One option to preserve family and relationships was to return to slavery. In 1856, the Virginia legislature passed an act allowing free Black individuals who desired to remain in the commonwealth to petition for re-enslavement. Only a small number of free Black Virginians petitioned the courts to re-enslave themselves to an enslaver of choice, and an even smaller percentage succeeded. Many petitioners chose enslavers they knew well or who owned a spouse or family member. These petitions include the petitioner's name, previous enslaver, means of emancipation, and new desired enslaver.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Frederick County Petitions for Re-Enslavement were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the Library of Virginia from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 item"],"extent_tesim":["1 item"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Petitions for Re-enslavement consist of petitions of free Black individuals choosing to be re-enslaved. An act passed by the Virginia General Assembly in 1806 required formerly enslaved people to leave the commonwealth within twelve months of being granted their freedom. Individuals were forced to leave behind family, friends, and community who remained enslaved. In addition, many emancipated people did not have the financial means or social support to move to a free state. One option to preserve family and relationships was to return to slavery. In 1856, the Virginia legislature passed an act allowing free Black individuals who desired to remain in the commonwealth to petition for re-enslavement. Only a small number of free Black Virginians petitioned the courts to re-enslave themselves to an enslaver of choice, and an even smaller percentage succeeded. Many petitioners chose enslavers they knew well or who owned a spouse or family member. These petitions include the petitioner's name, previous enslaver, means of emancipation, and new desired enslaver. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: Petitions for Re-enslavement consist of petitions of free Black individuals choosing to be re-enslaved. An act passed by the Virginia General Assembly in 1806 required formerly enslaved people to leave the commonwealth within twelve months of being granted their freedom. Individuals were forced to leave behind family, friends, and community who remained enslaved. In addition, many emancipated people did not have the financial means or social support to move to a free state. One option to preserve family and relationships was to return to slavery. In 1856, the Virginia legislature passed an act allowing free Black individuals who desired to remain in the commonwealth to petition for re-enslavement. Only a small number of free Black Virginians petitioned the courts to re-enslave themselves to an enslaver of choice, and an even smaller percentage succeeded. Many petitioners chose enslavers they knew well or who owned a spouse or family member. These petitions include the petitioner's name, previous enslaver, means of emancipation, and new desired enslaver.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County Petitions for Re-Enslavement were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by C. Collins: July 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Frederick County Petitions for Re-Enslavement were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e  \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06187","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06187","_root_":"vi_vi06187","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06187","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06187.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type: Petitions for Re-enslavement consist of petitions of free Black individuals choosing to be re-enslaved. An act passed by the Virginia General Assembly in 1806 required formerly enslaved people to leave the commonwealth within twelve months of being granted their freedom. Individuals were forced to leave behind family, friends, and community who remained enslaved. In addition, many emancipated people did not have the financial means or social support to move to a free state. One option to preserve family and relationships was to return to slavery. In 1856, the Virginia legislature passed an act allowing free Black individuals who desired to remain in the commonwealth to petition for re-enslavement. Only a small number of free Black Virginians petitioned the courts to re-enslave themselves to an enslaver of choice, and an even smaller percentage succeeded. Many petitioners chose enslavers they knew well or who owned a spouse or family member. These petitions include the petitioner's name, previous enslaver, means of emancipation, and new desired enslaver.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Frederick County Petitions for Re-Enslavement were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the Library of Virginia from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 item"],"extent_tesim":["1 item"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Petitions for Re-enslavement consist of petitions of free Black individuals choosing to be re-enslaved. An act passed by the Virginia General Assembly in 1806 required formerly enslaved people to leave the commonwealth within twelve months of being granted their freedom. Individuals were forced to leave behind family, friends, and community who remained enslaved. In addition, many emancipated people did not have the financial means or social support to move to a free state. One option to preserve family and relationships was to return to slavery. In 1856, the Virginia legislature passed an act allowing free Black individuals who desired to remain in the commonwealth to petition for re-enslavement. Only a small number of free Black Virginians petitioned the courts to re-enslave themselves to an enslaver of choice, and an even smaller percentage succeeded. Many petitioners chose enslavers they knew well or who owned a spouse or family member. These petitions include the petitioner's name, previous enslaver, means of emancipation, and new desired enslaver. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: Petitions for Re-enslavement consist of petitions of free Black individuals choosing to be re-enslaved. An act passed by the Virginia General Assembly in 1806 required formerly enslaved people to leave the commonwealth within twelve months of being granted their freedom. Individuals were forced to leave behind family, friends, and community who remained enslaved. In addition, many emancipated people did not have the financial means or social support to move to a free state. One option to preserve family and relationships was to return to slavery. In 1856, the Virginia legislature passed an act allowing free Black individuals who desired to remain in the commonwealth to petition for re-enslavement. Only a small number of free Black Virginians petitioned the courts to re-enslave themselves to an enslaver of choice, and an even smaller percentage succeeded. Many petitioners chose enslavers they knew well or who owned a spouse or family member. These petitions include the petitioner's name, previous enslaver, means of emancipation, and new desired enslaver.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County Petitions for Re-Enslavement were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by C. Collins: July 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Frederick County Petitions for Re-Enslavement were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e  \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions for Re-Enslavement, 1859, include the petition of Thomas Champe, who sought permission to enslave himself to General James H. Carson. In his petition, Champe stated he had been a resident of Frederick County since his birth."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06187"}},{"id":"vi_vi06188","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06188#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06188#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06188#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06188","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06188","_root_":"vi_vi06188","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06188","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06188.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type: Sometimes referred to as \"Applications to Remain,\" these records are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The Virginia General Assembly passed a law stating that all formerly enslaved people freed after 1 May 1806 who remained in Virginia more than twelve months could be put on trial by the state. Individuals who wished to remain in the commonwealth were to petition the state legislature. In 1816, a new Act of Assembly gave the local courts power to grant permission to remain. The documents in these cases will include: the name(s) of the petitioner(s), the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county. Individuals needed to prove that they had in fact been emancipated. Therefore, application packets might also include supporting documents such as the formerly enslaved person's register, a copy of a will or deed of emancipation, or witness statements known as affidavits.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Frederick County Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026.","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records.","These records include the following petitions: 1816, of James Beesick (or Besick), who was emancipated by Jane Graham; 1816, of Isaac, who provided a reference by Susan B. Taylor and received permission to remain in the county; 1817, of Brutus, who was emancipated by the executors of Mary Meade and ultimately allowed to remain; 1817, of Reuben Strange and Courtney, his wife, who were freed by Edward McGuire and given leave to remain; 1843, of Billy Williams (also referred to as William Williams), who was given leave to remain; 1843, of Frank Robinson, whose petition was rejected by the court; and 1850, of Edward Kean, who was granted permission to remain.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 items"],"extent_tesim":["15 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Sometimes referred to as \"Applications to Remain,\" these records are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The Virginia General Assembly passed a law stating that all formerly enslaved people freed after 1 May 1806 who remained in Virginia more than twelve months could be put on trial by the state. Individuals who wished to remain in the commonwealth were to petition the state legislature. In 1816, a new Act of Assembly gave the local courts power to grant permission to remain. The documents in these cases will include: the name(s) of the petitioner(s), the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county. Individuals needed to prove that they had in fact been emancipated. Therefore, application packets might also include supporting documents such as the formerly enslaved person's register, a copy of a will or deed of emancipation, or witness statements known as affidavits. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: Sometimes referred to as \"Applications to Remain,\" these records are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The Virginia General Assembly passed a law stating that all formerly enslaved people freed after 1 May 1806 who remained in Virginia more than twelve months could be put on trial by the state. Individuals who wished to remain in the commonwealth were to petition the state legislature. In 1816, a new Act of Assembly gave the local courts power to grant permission to remain. The documents in these cases will include: the name(s) of the petitioner(s), the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county. Individuals needed to prove that they had in fact been emancipated. Therefore, application packets might also include supporting documents such as the formerly enslaved person's register, a copy of a will or deed of emancipation, or witness statements known as affidavits.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by C. Collins: July 2026.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Frederick County Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records include the following petitions: 1816, of James Beesick (or Besick), who was emancipated by Jane Graham; 1816, of Isaac, who provided a reference by Susan B. Taylor and received permission to remain in the county; 1817, of Brutus, who was emancipated by the executors of Mary Meade and ultimately allowed to remain; 1817, of Reuben Strange and Courtney, his wife, who were freed by Edward McGuire and given leave to remain; 1843, of Billy Williams (also referred to as William Williams), who was given leave to remain; 1843, of Frank Robinson, whose petition was rejected by the court; and 1850, of Edward Kean, who was granted permission to remain.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records.","These records include the following petitions: 1816, of James Beesick (or Besick), who was emancipated by Jane Graham; 1816, of Isaac, who provided a reference by Susan B. Taylor and received permission to remain in the county; 1817, of Brutus, who was emancipated by the executors of Mary Meade and ultimately allowed to remain; 1817, of Reuben Strange and Courtney, his wife, who were freed by Edward McGuire and given leave to remain; 1843, of Billy Williams (also referred to as William Williams), who was given leave to remain; 1843, of Frank Robinson, whose petition was rejected by the court; and 1850, of Edward Kean, who was granted permission to remain."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06188","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06188","_root_":"vi_vi06188","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06188","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06188.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type: Sometimes referred to as \"Applications to Remain,\" these records are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The Virginia General Assembly passed a law stating that all formerly enslaved people freed after 1 May 1806 who remained in Virginia more than twelve months could be put on trial by the state. Individuals who wished to remain in the commonwealth were to petition the state legislature. In 1816, a new Act of Assembly gave the local courts power to grant permission to remain. The documents in these cases will include: the name(s) of the petitioner(s), the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county. Individuals needed to prove that they had in fact been emancipated. Therefore, application packets might also include supporting documents such as the formerly enslaved person's register, a copy of a will or deed of emancipation, or witness statements known as affidavits.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Frederick County Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026.","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records.","These records include the following petitions: 1816, of James Beesick (or Besick), who was emancipated by Jane Graham; 1816, of Isaac, who provided a reference by Susan B. Taylor and received permission to remain in the county; 1817, of Brutus, who was emancipated by the executors of Mary Meade and ultimately allowed to remain; 1817, of Reuben Strange and Courtney, his wife, who were freed by Edward McGuire and given leave to remain; 1843, of Billy Williams (also referred to as William Williams), who was given leave to remain; 1843, of Frank Robinson, whose petition was rejected by the court; and 1850, of Edward Kean, who was granted permission to remain.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 items"],"extent_tesim":["15 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Sometimes referred to as \"Applications to Remain,\" these records are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The Virginia General Assembly passed a law stating that all formerly enslaved people freed after 1 May 1806 who remained in Virginia more than twelve months could be put on trial by the state. Individuals who wished to remain in the commonwealth were to petition the state legislature. In 1816, a new Act of Assembly gave the local courts power to grant permission to remain. The documents in these cases will include: the name(s) of the petitioner(s), the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county. Individuals needed to prove that they had in fact been emancipated. Therefore, application packets might also include supporting documents such as the formerly enslaved person's register, a copy of a will or deed of emancipation, or witness statements known as affidavits. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: Sometimes referred to as \"Applications to Remain,\" these records are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The Virginia General Assembly passed a law stating that all formerly enslaved people freed after 1 May 1806 who remained in Virginia more than twelve months could be put on trial by the state. Individuals who wished to remain in the commonwealth were to petition the state legislature. In 1816, a new Act of Assembly gave the local courts power to grant permission to remain. The documents in these cases will include: the name(s) of the petitioner(s), the circumstances of free status, and a request to remain in the county. Individuals needed to prove that they had in fact been emancipated. Therefore, application packets might also include supporting documents such as the formerly enslaved person's register, a copy of a will or deed of emancipation, or witness statements known as affidavits.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by C. Collins: July 2026.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Frederick County Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, record to enhance discoverability in July 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records include the following petitions: 1816, of James Beesick (or Besick), who was emancipated by Jane Graham; 1816, of Isaac, who provided a reference by Susan B. Taylor and received permission to remain in the county; 1817, of Brutus, who was emancipated by the executors of Mary Meade and ultimately allowed to remain; 1817, of Reuben Strange and Courtney, his wife, who were freed by Edward McGuire and given leave to remain; 1843, of Billy Williams (also referred to as William Williams), who was given leave to remain; 1843, of Frank Robinson, whose petition was rejected by the court; and 1850, of Edward Kean, who was granted permission to remain.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Petitions to Remain in the Commonwealth, 1816-1850, consist of 15 records related to the petitions of eight people. These petitions are applications that formerly enslaved individuals submitted to state and local courts for permission to remain in Virginia with their free status. The petitions often include the formerly enslaved individual's name, their method of emancipation, name of their former enslaver, and whether the application/petition was successful or not. Petitions may also include affidavits signed mainly by white residents or witness statements again provided by white residents. Additional names of enslaved or free Black and Multiracial individuals can be found in these records.","These records include the following petitions: 1816, of James Beesick (or Besick), who was emancipated by Jane Graham; 1816, of Isaac, who provided a reference by Susan B. Taylor and received permission to remain in the county; 1817, of Brutus, who was emancipated by the executors of Mary Meade and ultimately allowed to remain; 1817, of Reuben Strange and Courtney, his wife, who were freed by Edward McGuire and given leave to remain; 1843, of Billy Williams (also referred to as William Williams), who was given leave to remain; 1843, of Frank Robinson, whose petition was rejected by the court; and 1850, of Edward Kean, who was granted permission to remain."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06188"}},{"id":"vi_vi04944","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04944#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04944#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04944#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04944","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04944","_root_":"vi_vi04944","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04944","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04944.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated","1016868, 1018028, 1018040, 1018098","Public records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","4 boxes--3 found at State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia and 1 (1018028) found at Library of Virginia.","There are no restrictions.","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. The county was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.","Additional Frederick County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site.","Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These boxes came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4 boxes--3 found at State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia and 1 (1018028) found at Library of Virginia."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. The county was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. The county was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"\u003c/extref\u003e found on the Library of Virginia's web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Frederick County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:27:22.970Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04944","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04944","_root_":"vi_vi04944","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04944","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04944.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated","1016868, 1018028, 1018040, 1018098","Public records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","4 boxes--3 found at State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia and 1 (1018028) found at Library of Virginia.","There are no restrictions.","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. The county was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754.","Additional Frederick County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site.","Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1016868, 1018028, 1018040, 1018098"],"unitid_tesim":["1016868, 1018028, 1018040, 1018098"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creators_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These boxes came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records--Virginia--Frederick County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4 boxes--3 found at State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia and 1 (1018028) found at Library of Virginia."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. The county was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. The county was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"\u003c/extref\u003e found on the Library of Virginia's web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Frederick County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records, 1746-1927, undated, consist of the following series: Court Records (subfield series include Judgments, Clerk's Records, Personal Documentation and Chancery Records), Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, Marriage Records and Vital Statistics, Land Records, Military and Pension Records, Road and Bridge Records, Organization Records, County Administrative Records (subfield series include Treasurers' Records and Board of Supervisors Records: Road and Bridge Records) and Wills."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:27:22.970Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04944"}},{"id":"vi_vi06191","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06191#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06191#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06191#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06191","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06191","_root_":"vi_vi06191","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06191.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: \"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type:","\"Free Negro\" Registrations","In 1793, the Virginia General Assembly specified that \"free Negroes or mulattoes\" were required to \"be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the town clerk, which shall specify age, name, color, status and by whom, and in what court emancipated.\" These entries often coincided with the creation of a loose certificate containing largely the same identifying information.","Documents in this record group differ from the bound volumes referred to as \"registers.\" These registration records typically appear in the form of certificates or handwritten statements recording the free status of a Black or Multiracial person. They can include the free person's name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the person's freedom or emancipation, parents, former enslaver, place or date of emancipation. There are also affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person's status, as well as written descriptions of free people. In some cases, a person would not have a registration to submit to the court. Instead, they produced some other form of identification proving their free status, for example, a deed of emancipation, a will, an apprenticeship indenture, or an affidavit of someone testifying to their character and status.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","\"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, record to enhance the context between record types in August 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: August 2026.","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the Library of Virginia from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box); 1 folder (oversize)"],"extent_tesim":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box); 1 folder (oversize)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: \"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: \"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\"Free Negro\" Registrations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1793, the Virginia General Assembly specified that \"free Negroes or mulattoes\" were required to \"be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the town clerk, which shall specify age, name, color, status and by whom, and in what court emancipated.\" These entries often coincided with the creation of a loose certificate containing largely the same identifying information. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocuments in this record group differ from the bound volumes referred to as \"registers.\" These registration records typically appear in the form of certificates or handwritten statements recording the free status of a Black or Multiracial person. They can include the free person's name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the person's freedom or emancipation, parents, former enslaver, place or date of emancipation. There are also affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person's status, as well as written descriptions of free people. In some cases, a person would not have a registration to submit to the court. Instead, they produced some other form of identification proving their free status, for example, a deed of emancipation, a will, an apprenticeship indenture, or an affidavit of someone testifying to their character and status.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","\"Free Negro\" Registrations","In 1793, the Virginia General Assembly specified that \"free Negroes or mulattoes\" were required to \"be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the town clerk, which shall specify age, name, color, status and by whom, and in what court emancipated.\" These entries often coincided with the creation of a loose certificate containing largely the same identifying information.","Documents in this record group differ from the bound volumes referred to as \"registers.\" These registration records typically appear in the form of certificates or handwritten statements recording the free status of a Black or Multiracial person. They can include the free person's name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the person's freedom or emancipation, parents, former enslaver, place or date of emancipation. There are also affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person's status, as well as written descriptions of free people. In some cases, a person would not have a registration to submit to the court. Instead, they produced some other form of identification proving their free status, for example, a deed of emancipation, a will, an apprenticeship indenture, or an affidavit of someone testifying to their character and status.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, record to enhance the context between record types in August 2026. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by C. Collins: August 2026.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["\"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, record to enhance the context between record types in August 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: August 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861\u003c/extref\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06191","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06191","_root_":"vi_vi06191","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06191.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864","Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: \"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type:","\"Free Negro\" Registrations","In 1793, the Virginia General Assembly specified that \"free Negroes or mulattoes\" were required to \"be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the town clerk, which shall specify age, name, color, status and by whom, and in what court emancipated.\" These entries often coincided with the creation of a loose certificate containing largely the same identifying information.","Documents in this record group differ from the bound volumes referred to as \"registers.\" These registration records typically appear in the form of certificates or handwritten statements recording the free status of a Black or Multiracial person. They can include the free person's name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the person's freedom or emancipation, parents, former enslaver, place or date of emancipation. There are also affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person's status, as well as written descriptions of free people. In some cases, a person would not have a registration to submit to the court. Instead, they produced some other form of identification proving their free status, for example, a deed of emancipation, a will, an apprenticeship indenture, or an affidavit of someone testifying to their character and status.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","\"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, record to enhance the context between record types in August 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: August 2026.","See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the Library of Virginia from Frederick County (Va.) as part of an undated accession."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box); 1 folder (oversize)"],"extent_tesim":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box); 1 folder (oversize)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: \"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: \"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\"Free Negro\" Registrations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1793, the Virginia General Assembly specified that \"free Negroes or mulattoes\" were required to \"be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the town clerk, which shall specify age, name, color, status and by whom, and in what court emancipated.\" These entries often coincided with the creation of a loose certificate containing largely the same identifying information. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocuments in this record group differ from the bound volumes referred to as \"registers.\" These registration records typically appear in the form of certificates or handwritten statements recording the free status of a Black or Multiracial person. They can include the free person's name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the person's freedom or emancipation, parents, former enslaver, place or date of emancipation. There are also affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person's status, as well as written descriptions of free people. In some cases, a person would not have a registration to submit to the court. Instead, they produced some other form of identification proving their free status, for example, a deed of emancipation, a will, an apprenticeship indenture, or an affidavit of someone testifying to their character and status.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","\"Free Negro\" Registrations","In 1793, the Virginia General Assembly specified that \"free Negroes or mulattoes\" were required to \"be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the town clerk, which shall specify age, name, color, status and by whom, and in what court emancipated.\" These entries often coincided with the creation of a loose certificate containing largely the same identifying information.","Documents in this record group differ from the bound volumes referred to as \"registers.\" These registration records typically appear in the form of certificates or handwritten statements recording the free status of a Black or Multiracial person. They can include the free person's name, sometimes age, a brief physical description, and the circumstances of the person's freedom or emancipation, parents, former enslaver, place or date of emancipation. There are also affidavits that were given by individuals affirming a free person's status, as well as written descriptions of free people. In some cases, a person would not have a registration to submit to the court. Instead, they produced some other form of identification proving their free status, for example, a deed of emancipation, a will, an apprenticeship indenture, or an affidavit of someone testifying to their character and status.","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, record to enhance the context between record types in August 2026. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by C. Collins: August 2026.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["\"Free Negro\" registrations, 1803-1864, were originally described as part of the Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861, but were removed to the present Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, record to enhance the context between record types in August 2026.","These records have been processed, scanned, and indexed by S. Nerney, L. Neuroth, and LVA staff for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by C. Collins: August 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01364\"\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861\u003c/extref\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e \n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Frederick County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1761, 1795, 1820-1861","Records related to free and enslaved people of Frederick County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Frederick County (Va.) Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Records related to the Registration of Free Persons, 1803-1864, consist of 568 free registrations. Several free registrations originated in other Virginia localities, such as Rockingham County and Albemarle County. Upon their removal to Frederick County, individuals surrendered their free papers to the court to prove their free status. In such cases, they would have received a Frederick County free registration to replace the document(s) handed over to the court. The registrations, to varying extents, include information about the person(s) named, such as their age, physical attributes, and the circumstances surrounding their freedom or emancipation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06191"}},{"id":"vi_vi04143","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04143#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04143#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875, consist of three volumes of minutes and accounts and one folder of papers relating to township activities and duties. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04143#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04143","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04143","_root_":"vi_vi04143","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04143","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04143.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875","1098656, 1098661, 1099105, 1018039","County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Account books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax and fiscal records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","3 v. and 1 folder","There are no restrictions.","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.","Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875, consist of three volumes of minutes and accounts and one folder of papers relating to township activities and duties.","Back Creek Township Board Record, 1871-1875, contains minutes and accounts. Information recorded includes division of the township into road districts, establishment of rates for road work, establishment of taxes and levies, appointment of election judges, appointment of overseers of the roads, compensation payments made to township officials, accounts claimed against the township board, reports of road overseers about taxes and fines collected, and redivision of road districts. The back of the volume contains several pages of road tax accounts for the years 1874-1875 by district.","Gainsboro Township Ledger, 1872-1875, consists of township accounts including monies paid in and out, monies received from the township collector, and road accounts. Sometimes the reason for a payment is given but often it is not.","Opequon Township Road Record, 1871-1875, lists the boundaries of the road districts in the township and lists by district number the names of road hands. Pages 43-77 consist of minutes of the Opequon Township Board. Information recorded includes tax and levy rates, establishment of rates allowed for road work, appointment of road overseers, compensation amounts paid to township officials, accounts allowed against the township, appointment of commissioners of elections and voting district registrars, alterations to road district boundaries, purchase of tools for road work, orders for road overseer elections, appointment of election judges, reports of delinquent taxes, and other financial reports of the township collector and treasurer.","Opequon Township delinquent tax lists for township taxes and levies, 1871-1875, are four delinquent tax lists found folded up inside the Opequon Township Road Record volume. Lists are more or less alphabetical by surname and indicate which taxes are delinquent. Colored residents are identified as such on the lists.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia and State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1098656, 1098661, 1099105, 1018039"],"unitid_tesim":["1098656, 1098661, 1099105, 1018039"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Account books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax and fiscal records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax records -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Account books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax and fiscal records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax records -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3 v. and 1 folder"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875, consist of three volumes of minutes and accounts and one folder of papers relating to township activities and duties.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBack Creek Township Board Record, 1871-1875, contains minutes and accounts. Information recorded includes division of the township into road districts, establishment of rates for road work, establishment of taxes and levies, appointment of election judges, appointment of overseers of the roads, compensation payments made to township officials, accounts claimed against the township board, reports of road overseers about taxes and fines collected, and redivision of road districts. The back of the volume contains several pages of road tax accounts for the years 1874-1875 by district.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eGainsboro Township Ledger, 1872-1875, consists of township accounts including monies paid in and out, monies received from the township collector, and road accounts. Sometimes the reason for a payment is given but often it is not.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOpequon Township Road Record, 1871-1875, lists the boundaries of the road districts in the township and lists by district number the names of road hands. Pages 43-77 consist of minutes of the Opequon Township Board. Information recorded includes tax and levy rates, establishment of rates allowed for road work, appointment of road overseers, compensation amounts paid to township officials, accounts allowed against the township, appointment of commissioners of elections and voting district registrars, alterations to road district boundaries, purchase of tools for road work, orders for road overseer elections, appointment of election judges, reports of delinquent taxes, and other financial reports of the township collector and treasurer.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOpequon Township delinquent tax lists for township taxes and levies, 1871-1875, are four delinquent tax lists found folded up inside the Opequon Township Road Record volume. Lists are more or less alphabetical by surname and indicate which taxes are delinquent. Colored residents are identified as such on the lists.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875, consist of three volumes of minutes and accounts and one folder of papers relating to township activities and duties.","Back Creek Township Board Record, 1871-1875, contains minutes and accounts. Information recorded includes division of the township into road districts, establishment of rates for road work, establishment of taxes and levies, appointment of election judges, appointment of overseers of the roads, compensation payments made to township officials, accounts claimed against the township board, reports of road overseers about taxes and fines collected, and redivision of road districts. The back of the volume contains several pages of road tax accounts for the years 1874-1875 by district.","Gainsboro Township Ledger, 1872-1875, consists of township accounts including monies paid in and out, monies received from the township collector, and road accounts. Sometimes the reason for a payment is given but often it is not.","Opequon Township Road Record, 1871-1875, lists the boundaries of the road districts in the township and lists by district number the names of road hands. Pages 43-77 consist of minutes of the Opequon Township Board. Information recorded includes tax and levy rates, establishment of rates allowed for road work, appointment of road overseers, compensation amounts paid to township officials, accounts allowed against the township, appointment of commissioners of elections and voting district registrars, alterations to road district boundaries, purchase of tools for road work, orders for road overseer elections, appointment of election judges, reports of delinquent taxes, and other financial reports of the township collector and treasurer.","Opequon Township delinquent tax lists for township taxes and levies, 1871-1875, are four delinquent tax lists found folded up inside the Opequon Township Road Record volume. Lists are more or less alphabetical by surname and indicate which taxes are delinquent. Colored residents are identified as such on the lists."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia and State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia and State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:26:33.541Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04143","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04143","_root_":"vi_vi04143","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04143","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04143.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875","1098656, 1098661, 1099105, 1018039","County government -- Records and correspondence -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local finance -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Account books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Accounts -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Minute books -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax and fiscal records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Tax records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","3 v. and 1 folder","There are no restrictions.","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.","Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875, consist of three volumes of minutes and accounts and one folder of papers relating to township activities and duties.","Back Creek Township Board Record, 1871-1875, contains minutes and accounts. Information recorded includes division of the township into road districts, establishment of rates for road work, establishment of taxes and levies, appointment of election judges, appointment of overseers of the roads, compensation payments made to township officials, accounts claimed against the township board, reports of road overseers about taxes and fines collected, and redivision of road districts. The back of the volume contains several pages of road tax accounts for the years 1874-1875 by district.","Gainsboro Township Ledger, 1872-1875, consists of township accounts including monies paid in and out, monies received from the township collector, and road accounts. Sometimes the reason for a payment is given but often it is not.","Opequon Township Road Record, 1871-1875, lists the boundaries of the road districts in the township and lists by district number the names of road hands. Pages 43-77 consist of minutes of the Opequon Township Board. Information recorded includes tax and levy rates, establishment of rates allowed for road work, appointment of road overseers, compensation amounts paid to township officials, accounts allowed against the township, appointment of commissioners of elections and voting district registrars, alterations to road district boundaries, purchase of tools for road work, orders for road overseer elections, appointment of election judges, reports of delinquent taxes, and other financial reports of the township collector and treasurer.","Opequon Township delinquent tax lists for township taxes and levies, 1871-1875, are four delinquent tax lists found folded up inside the Opequon Township Road Record volume. Lists are more or less alphabetical by surname and indicate which taxes are delinquent. Colored residents are identified as such on the lists.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia and State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1098656, 1098661, 1099105, 1018039"],"unitid_tesim":["1098656, 1098661, 1099105, 1018039"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","Township of Back Creek (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Gainsboro (Frederick County, Va.)","Township of Opequon (Frederick County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). 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It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","The 1870 Virginia Constitution required that each county in the state be divided into no less than three townships (see Article VII, section 2). Based on the New England administrative organization of a county, each township would elect the administration officials for the offices of supervisor, clerk, assessor, collector, commissioner of the roads, overseer of the poor, justice of the peace, and constable. The supervisors of each township would comprise the board of supervisors for the county, and would be responsible for auditing the county accounts, examining the assessors' books, regulating property valuation, and fixing the county levies. The Acts of Assembly provided that each township be divided into school and electoral districts (see Acts of Assembly 1869-1870, Chapter 39). A constitutional amendment in 1874 changed the townships into magisterial districts and each district elected one supervisor, three justices of the peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor. The supervisors of the districts made up the county board of supervisors whose duties were identical as those set out in 1870. The published Acts of Assembly appended a list of township names by county following the acts for every year that townships existed in Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875. Local government records collection, Frederick County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Township Records, 1871-1875, consist of three volumes of minutes and accounts and one folder of papers relating to township activities and duties.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBack Creek Township Board Record, 1871-1875, contains minutes and accounts. Information recorded includes division of the township into road districts, establishment of rates for road work, establishment of taxes and levies, appointment of election judges, appointment of overseers of the roads, compensation payments made to township officials, accounts claimed against the township board, reports of road overseers about taxes and fines collected, and redivision of road districts. The back of the volume contains several pages of road tax accounts for the years 1874-1875 by district.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eGainsboro Township Ledger, 1872-1875, consists of township accounts including monies paid in and out, monies received from the township collector, and road accounts. Sometimes the reason for a payment is given but often it is not.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOpequon Township Road Record, 1871-1875, lists the boundaries of the road districts in the township and lists by district number the names of road hands. Pages 43-77 consist of minutes of the Opequon Township Board. Information recorded includes tax and levy rates, establishment of rates allowed for road work, appointment of road overseers, compensation amounts paid to township officials, accounts allowed against the township, appointment of commissioners of elections and voting district registrars, alterations to road district boundaries, purchase of tools for road work, orders for road overseer elections, appointment of election judges, reports of delinquent taxes, and other financial reports of the township collector and treasurer.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOpequon Township delinquent tax lists for township taxes and levies, 1871-1875, are four delinquent tax lists found folded up inside the Opequon Township Road Record volume. Lists are more or less alphabetical by surname and indicate which taxes are delinquent. 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