{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Frederick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":14,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi03154","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03154#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03154#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03154#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03154","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03154","_root_":"vi_vi03154","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03154","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03154.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1017089\n"],"text":["1017089\n","Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Birth records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Vital statistics -- Virginia -- Frederick County","1 box","Arranged chronologically.\n","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.\n","Laws requiring the recording of births and deaths in Virginia were enacted as early as 1632, when a law directed ministers or churchwardens in each parish to present a \"register of all burialls, christenings, and marriages\" yearly at the June meeting of the court. A similar act passed in 1659 stated that \"enquiries are often made for persons imported into the collonie, of whose death no positive certificate can be granted for want of registers.\" Few records survive from these early decades.","In 1713, the General Assembly noted that earlier acts had \"for a long time been disused\" and once again directed the recording of births and deaths by the minister or clerk of each parish. A return made the same year noted that the list of births and deaths was not complete since many parishes failed to make returns \"for tis a thing so new to the people that neither they care to Register their Births and Burials, nor are the Parish Clerks yet brought into a regular method of transmitting them.\"","The recording of vital statistics continued to be an ecclesiastical function throughout the colonial period. With the disestablishment of the Anglican church after the American Revolution and the rise of other religious denominations, the record-keeping process for vital statistics fell more and more to the individual family. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, medical science began to recognize the advantages of accurate birth and mortality information in controlling and treating communicable diseases. Pressure from local and national health organizations and medical professionals resulted in the passage of vital statistics registration laws. Virginia was one of the earliest states to pass such a law.","A law requiring the systematic statewide recording of births and deaths was passed by the General Assembly on April 11 1853. Every commissioner of revenue registered births and deaths in his district annually, at the same time personal property subject to taxation was ascertained. The commissioner recorded births and deaths that had occurred prior to 31 December of the preceding year and returned the record to the clerk of court by 1 June. Information was obtained from heads of family, physicians, surgeons, or coroners. The law imposed penalties for failing to furnish or collect the information.","The clerk of court in each locality entered the information supplied by the commissioner into registers and prepared an accompanying alphabetical index. A copy of each register was forwarded to the Auditor of Public Accounts. The law went into effect on 1 July 1853, and continued until 1896, when an economy-conscious legislature repealed the recording provisions.","There was no statewide recording of births and deaths between 1896 and 1912. Several metropolitan areas continued to keep records of births and deaths for all or part of the period between 1896 and 1912. Systematic statewide registration began again in June 1912.","Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records.\n","Information is occasionally missing from the records. If an infant had not been named at the time of birth or death, the entry would record only the surname or note \"Smith, infant.\"","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1017089\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Birth records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Vital statistics -- Virginia -- Frederick County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Birth records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Vital statistics -- Virginia -- Frederick County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 box"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaws requiring the recording of births and deaths in Virginia were enacted as early as 1632, when a law directed ministers or churchwardens in each parish to present a \"register of all burialls, christenings, and marriages\" yearly at the June meeting of the court. A similar act passed in 1659 stated that \"enquiries are often made for persons imported into the collonie, of whose death no positive certificate can be granted for want of registers.\" Few records survive from these early decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1713, the General Assembly noted that earlier acts had \"for a long time been disused\" and once again directed the recording of births and deaths by the minister or clerk of each parish. A return made the same year noted that the list of births and deaths was not complete since many parishes failed to make returns \"for tis a thing so new to the people that neither they care to Register their Births and Burials, nor are the Parish Clerks yet brought into a regular method of transmitting them.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe recording of vital statistics continued to be an ecclesiastical function throughout the colonial period. With the disestablishment of the Anglican church after the American Revolution and the rise of other religious denominations, the record-keeping process for vital statistics fell more and more to the individual family. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, medical science began to recognize the advantages of accurate birth and mortality information in controlling and treating communicable diseases. Pressure from local and national health organizations and medical professionals resulted in the passage of vital statistics registration laws. Virginia was one of the earliest states to pass such a law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA law requiring the systematic statewide recording of births and deaths was passed by the General Assembly on April 11 1853. Every commissioner of revenue registered births and deaths in his district annually, at the same time personal property subject to taxation was ascertained. The commissioner recorded births and deaths that had occurred prior to 31 December of the preceding year and returned the record to the clerk of court by 1 June. Information was obtained from heads of family, physicians, surgeons, or coroners. The law imposed penalties for failing to furnish or collect the information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe clerk of court in each locality entered the information supplied by the commissioner into registers and prepared an accompanying alphabetical index. A copy of each register was forwarded to the Auditor of Public Accounts. The law went into effect on 1 July 1853, and continued until 1896, when an economy-conscious legislature repealed the recording provisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was no statewide recording of births and deaths between 1896 and 1912. Several metropolitan areas continued to keep records of births and deaths for all or part of the period between 1896 and 1912. Systematic statewide registration began again in June 1912.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.\n","Laws requiring the recording of births and deaths in Virginia were enacted as early as 1632, when a law directed ministers or churchwardens in each parish to present a \"register of all burialls, christenings, and marriages\" yearly at the June meeting of the court. A similar act passed in 1659 stated that \"enquiries are often made for persons imported into the collonie, of whose death no positive certificate can be granted for want of registers.\" Few records survive from these early decades.","In 1713, the General Assembly noted that earlier acts had \"for a long time been disused\" and once again directed the recording of births and deaths by the minister or clerk of each parish. A return made the same year noted that the list of births and deaths was not complete since many parishes failed to make returns \"for tis a thing so new to the people that neither they care to Register their Births and Burials, nor are the Parish Clerks yet brought into a regular method of transmitting them.\"","The recording of vital statistics continued to be an ecclesiastical function throughout the colonial period. With the disestablishment of the Anglican church after the American Revolution and the rise of other religious denominations, the record-keeping process for vital statistics fell more and more to the individual family. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, medical science began to recognize the advantages of accurate birth and mortality information in controlling and treating communicable diseases. Pressure from local and national health organizations and medical professionals resulted in the passage of vital statistics registration laws. Virginia was one of the earliest states to pass such a law.","A law requiring the systematic statewide recording of births and deaths was passed by the General Assembly on April 11 1853. Every commissioner of revenue registered births and deaths in his district annually, at the same time personal property subject to taxation was ascertained. The commissioner recorded births and deaths that had occurred prior to 31 December of the preceding year and returned the record to the clerk of court by 1 June. Information was obtained from heads of family, physicians, surgeons, or coroners. The law imposed penalties for failing to furnish or collect the information.","The clerk of court in each locality entered the information supplied by the commissioner into registers and prepared an accompanying alphabetical index. A copy of each register was forwarded to the Auditor of Public Accounts. The law went into effect on 1 July 1853, and continued until 1896, when an economy-conscious legislature repealed the recording provisions.","There was no statewide recording of births and deaths between 1896 and 1912. Several metropolitan areas continued to keep records of births and deaths for all or part of the period between 1896 and 1912. Systematic statewide registration began again in June 1912."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation is occasionally missing from the records. If an infant had not been named at the time of birth or death, the entry would record only the surname or note \"Smith, infant.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records.\n","Information is occasionally missing from the records. If an infant had not been named at the time of birth or death, the entry would record only the surname or note \"Smith, infant.\""],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:00:09.488Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03154","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03154","_root_":"vi_vi03154","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03154","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03154.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1017089\n"],"text":["1017089\n","Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Birth records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Vital statistics -- Virginia -- Frederick County","1 box","Arranged chronologically.\n","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.\n","Laws requiring the recording of births and deaths in Virginia were enacted as early as 1632, when a law directed ministers or churchwardens in each parish to present a \"register of all burialls, christenings, and marriages\" yearly at the June meeting of the court. A similar act passed in 1659 stated that \"enquiries are often made for persons imported into the collonie, of whose death no positive certificate can be granted for want of registers.\" Few records survive from these early decades.","In 1713, the General Assembly noted that earlier acts had \"for a long time been disused\" and once again directed the recording of births and deaths by the minister or clerk of each parish. A return made the same year noted that the list of births and deaths was not complete since many parishes failed to make returns \"for tis a thing so new to the people that neither they care to Register their Births and Burials, nor are the Parish Clerks yet brought into a regular method of transmitting them.\"","The recording of vital statistics continued to be an ecclesiastical function throughout the colonial period. With the disestablishment of the Anglican church after the American Revolution and the rise of other religious denominations, the record-keeping process for vital statistics fell more and more to the individual family. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, medical science began to recognize the advantages of accurate birth and mortality information in controlling and treating communicable diseases. Pressure from local and national health organizations and medical professionals resulted in the passage of vital statistics registration laws. Virginia was one of the earliest states to pass such a law.","A law requiring the systematic statewide recording of births and deaths was passed by the General Assembly on April 11 1853. Every commissioner of revenue registered births and deaths in his district annually, at the same time personal property subject to taxation was ascertained. The commissioner recorded births and deaths that had occurred prior to 31 December of the preceding year and returned the record to the clerk of court by 1 June. Information was obtained from heads of family, physicians, surgeons, or coroners. The law imposed penalties for failing to furnish or collect the information.","The clerk of court in each locality entered the information supplied by the commissioner into registers and prepared an accompanying alphabetical index. A copy of each register was forwarded to the Auditor of Public Accounts. The law went into effect on 1 July 1853, and continued until 1896, when an economy-conscious legislature repealed the recording provisions.","There was no statewide recording of births and deaths between 1896 and 1912. Several metropolitan areas continued to keep records of births and deaths for all or part of the period between 1896 and 1912. Systematic statewide registration began again in June 1912.","Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records.\n","Information is occasionally missing from the records. If an infant had not been named at the time of birth or death, the entry would record only the surname or note \"Smith, infant.\"","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1017089\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, \n 1865-1917"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaws requiring the recording of births and deaths in Virginia were enacted as early as 1632, when a law directed ministers or churchwardens in each parish to present a \"register of all burialls, christenings, and marriages\" yearly at the June meeting of the court. A similar act passed in 1659 stated that \"enquiries are often made for persons imported into the collonie, of whose death no positive certificate can be granted for want of registers.\" Few records survive from these early decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1713, the General Assembly noted that earlier acts had \"for a long time been disused\" and once again directed the recording of births and deaths by the minister or clerk of each parish. A return made the same year noted that the list of births and deaths was not complete since many parishes failed to make returns \"for tis a thing so new to the people that neither they care to Register their Births and Burials, nor are the Parish Clerks yet brought into a regular method of transmitting them.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe recording of vital statistics continued to be an ecclesiastical function throughout the colonial period. With the disestablishment of the Anglican church after the American Revolution and the rise of other religious denominations, the record-keeping process for vital statistics fell more and more to the individual family. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, medical science began to recognize the advantages of accurate birth and mortality information in controlling and treating communicable diseases. Pressure from local and national health organizations and medical professionals resulted in the passage of vital statistics registration laws. Virginia was one of the earliest states to pass such a law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA law requiring the systematic statewide recording of births and deaths was passed by the General Assembly on April 11 1853. Every commissioner of revenue registered births and deaths in his district annually, at the same time personal property subject to taxation was ascertained. The commissioner recorded births and deaths that had occurred prior to 31 December of the preceding year and returned the record to the clerk of court by 1 June. Information was obtained from heads of family, physicians, surgeons, or coroners. The law imposed penalties for failing to furnish or collect the information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe clerk of court in each locality entered the information supplied by the commissioner into registers and prepared an accompanying alphabetical index. A copy of each register was forwarded to the Auditor of Public Accounts. The law went into effect on 1 July 1853, and continued until 1896, when an economy-conscious legislature repealed the recording provisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was no statewide recording of births and deaths between 1896 and 1912. Several metropolitan areas continued to keep records of births and deaths for all or part of the period between 1896 and 1912. Systematic statewide registration began again in June 1912.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.\n","Laws requiring the recording of births and deaths in Virginia were enacted as early as 1632, when a law directed ministers or churchwardens in each parish to present a \"register of all burialls, christenings, and marriages\" yearly at the June meeting of the court. A similar act passed in 1659 stated that \"enquiries are often made for persons imported into the collonie, of whose death no positive certificate can be granted for want of registers.\" Few records survive from these early decades.","In 1713, the General Assembly noted that earlier acts had \"for a long time been disused\" and once again directed the recording of births and deaths by the minister or clerk of each parish. A return made the same year noted that the list of births and deaths was not complete since many parishes failed to make returns \"for tis a thing so new to the people that neither they care to Register their Births and Burials, nor are the Parish Clerks yet brought into a regular method of transmitting them.\"","The recording of vital statistics continued to be an ecclesiastical function throughout the colonial period. With the disestablishment of the Anglican church after the American Revolution and the rise of other religious denominations, the record-keeping process for vital statistics fell more and more to the individual family. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, medical science began to recognize the advantages of accurate birth and mortality information in controlling and treating communicable diseases. Pressure from local and national health organizations and medical professionals resulted in the passage of vital statistics registration laws. Virginia was one of the earliest states to pass such a law.","A law requiring the systematic statewide recording of births and deaths was passed by the General Assembly on April 11 1853. Every commissioner of revenue registered births and deaths in his district annually, at the same time personal property subject to taxation was ascertained. The commissioner recorded births and deaths that had occurred prior to 31 December of the preceding year and returned the record to the clerk of court by 1 June. Information was obtained from heads of family, physicians, surgeons, or coroners. The law imposed penalties for failing to furnish or collect the information.","The clerk of court in each locality entered the information supplied by the commissioner into registers and prepared an accompanying alphabetical index. A copy of each register was forwarded to the Auditor of Public Accounts. The law went into effect on 1 July 1853, and continued until 1896, when an economy-conscious legislature repealed the recording provisions.","There was no statewide recording of births and deaths between 1896 and 1912. Several metropolitan areas continued to keep records of births and deaths for all or part of the period between 1896 and 1912. Systematic statewide registration began again in June 1912."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation is occasionally missing from the records. If an infant had not been named at the time of birth or death, the entry would record only the surname or note \"Smith, infant.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Birth Records, 1865-1917, consist of birth records.\n","Information is occasionally missing from the records. If an infant had not been named at the time of birth or death, the entry would record only the surname or note \"Smith, infant.\""],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:00:09.488Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03154"}},{"id":"vi_vi06221","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06221#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06221#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06221#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06221","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06221","_root_":"vi_vi06221","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06221","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06221.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926","This collection is arranged into thirty-two series:\n Series I: Business Records of Albert C. Moore, 1910-1912 Series II: Business Records of Branner Tire Shop, 1923-1926 Series III: Business Records of Charles W. Anderson, 1852-1880 Series IV: Business Records of Crupper and Clark, 1807-1812 Series V: Business Records of David Keeler's Tannery, 1824-1833 Series VI: Business Records of Eastern Silica and Chemical Corporation, 1929-1930 Series VII:Business Records of Garber, Gold, and Company, 1891-1903 Series VIII: Business Records of Hollingsworth and Parkins, 1811-1821 Series IX: Business Records of James H. Griffith and Company, 1857-1858 Series X: Business Records of James S. Lane and Benjamin T. Towner, 1818-1819 Series XI: Business Records of John S. Guyer, 1876-1889 Series XII: Business Records of Joseph A. Nulton, 1874-1875 Series XIII: Business Records of Joseph W. Carter, 1826-1833 Series XIV: Business Records of Nanmiter and Keeler, 1818-1825 Series XV: Business Records of Richard C. Windle, 1840-1843 Series XVI: Business Records of Richard S. Griffith, 1847-1851 Series XVII: Business Records of the Shenandoah Valley Hedge Company, 1886 Series XVIII: Business Records of an Unidentified Attorney, 1806-1820 Series XIX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1805-1808 Series XX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1850-1852, 1868 Series XXI: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1791-1793 Series XXII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1825-1828 Series XXIII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXIV: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXV: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1802-1803 Series XXVI: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1810-1811 Series XXVII: Business Records of an Unidentified Shoemaker, 1850-1855 Series XXVIII: Business Records of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company, 1833-1835 Series XXIX: Business Records of Washington G. Singleton, 1844-1854 Series XXX: Business Records of William Long and Company, 1802-1803 Series XXXI: Business Records of William McEndree, 1823-1825 Series XXXIII: Business Records of William R. Alexander, 1875-1888","Context for Record Type:  Business Records, both volumes and loose records, are in some cases transferred to the Library of Virginia as components of court record transfers. These business records in some cases were simply stored in the local court building for safe keeping by business owners. In other cases, business records (particularly ledgers, account books, etc.) may have been filed in a court case as an exhibit. These business record exhibits appeared both in chancery causes and in judgments, these records serving as exhibits for business dissolution cases, debut suits, and contract disputes.\n","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books.\n","State Record Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Frederick County in an undated accession.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36 volumes."],"extent_tesim":["36 volumes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into thirty-two series:\n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Business Records of Albert C. Moore, 1910-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Business Records of Branner Tire Shop, 1923-1926\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Business Records of Charles W. Anderson, 1852-1880\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Business Records of Crupper and Clark, 1807-1812\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V: Business Records of David Keeler's Tannery, 1824-1833\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI: Business Records of Eastern Silica and Chemical Corporation, 1929-1930\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII:Business Records of Garber, Gold, and Company, 1891-1903\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII: Business Records of Hollingsworth and Parkins, 1811-1821\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX: Business Records of James H. Griffith and Company, 1857-1858\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X: Business Records of James S. Lane and Benjamin T. Towner, 1818-1819\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XI: Business Records of John S. Guyer, 1876-1889\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XII: Business Records of Joseph A. Nulton, 1874-1875\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XIII: Business Records of Joseph W. Carter, 1826-1833\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XIV: Business Records of Nanmiter and Keeler, 1818-1825\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XV: Business Records of Richard C. Windle, 1840-1843\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XVI: Business Records of Richard S. Griffith, 1847-1851\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XVII: Business Records of the Shenandoah Valley Hedge Company, 1886\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII: Business Records of an Unidentified Attorney, 1806-1820\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XIX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1805-1808\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1850-1852, 1868\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXI: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1791-1793\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1825-1828\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXIII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXIV: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXV: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1802-1803\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXVI: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1810-1811\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXVII: Business Records of an Unidentified Shoemaker, 1850-1855\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXVIII: Business Records of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company, 1833-1835\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXIX: Business Records of Washington G. Singleton, 1844-1854\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXX: Business Records of William Long and Company, 1802-1803\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXXI: Business Records of William McEndree, 1823-1825\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXXIII: Business Records of William R. Alexander, 1875-1888\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into thirty-two series:\n Series I: Business Records of Albert C. Moore, 1910-1912 Series II: Business Records of Branner Tire Shop, 1923-1926 Series III: Business Records of Charles W. Anderson, 1852-1880 Series IV: Business Records of Crupper and Clark, 1807-1812 Series V: Business Records of David Keeler's Tannery, 1824-1833 Series VI: Business Records of Eastern Silica and Chemical Corporation, 1929-1930 Series VII:Business Records of Garber, Gold, and Company, 1891-1903 Series VIII: Business Records of Hollingsworth and Parkins, 1811-1821 Series IX: Business Records of James H. Griffith and Company, 1857-1858 Series X: Business Records of James S. Lane and Benjamin T. Towner, 1818-1819 Series XI: Business Records of John S. Guyer, 1876-1889 Series XII: Business Records of Joseph A. Nulton, 1874-1875 Series XIII: Business Records of Joseph W. Carter, 1826-1833 Series XIV: Business Records of Nanmiter and Keeler, 1818-1825 Series XV: Business Records of Richard C. Windle, 1840-1843 Series XVI: Business Records of Richard S. Griffith, 1847-1851 Series XVII: Business Records of the Shenandoah Valley Hedge Company, 1886 Series XVIII: Business Records of an Unidentified Attorney, 1806-1820 Series XIX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1805-1808 Series XX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1850-1852, 1868 Series XXI: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1791-1793 Series XXII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1825-1828 Series XXIII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXIV: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXV: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1802-1803 Series XXVI: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1810-1811 Series XXVII: Business Records of an Unidentified Shoemaker, 1850-1855 Series XXVIII: Business Records of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company, 1833-1835 Series XXIX: Business Records of Washington G. Singleton, 1844-1854 Series XXX: Business Records of William Long and Company, 1802-1803 Series XXXI: Business Records of William McEndree, 1823-1825 Series XXXIII: Business Records of William R. Alexander, 1875-1888"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Business Records, both volumes and loose records, are in some cases transferred to the Library of Virginia as components of court record transfers. These business records in some cases were simply stored in the local court building for safe keeping by business owners. In other cases, business records (particularly ledgers, account books, etc.) may have been filed in a court case as an exhibit. These business record exhibits appeared both in chancery causes and in judgments, these records serving as exhibits for business dissolution cases, debut suits, and contract disputes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:  Business Records, both volumes and loose records, are in some cases transferred to the Library of Virginia as components of court record transfers. These business records in some cases were simply stored in the local court building for safe keeping by business owners. In other cases, business records (particularly ledgers, account books, etc.) may have been filed in a court case as an exhibit. These business record exhibits appeared both in chancery causes and in judgments, these records serving as exhibits for business dissolution cases, debut suits, and contract disputes.\n","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Record Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Record Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:48:24.306Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06221","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06221","_root_":"vi_vi06221","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06221","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06221.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926","This collection is arranged into thirty-two series:\n Series I: Business Records of Albert C. Moore, 1910-1912 Series II: Business Records of Branner Tire Shop, 1923-1926 Series III: Business Records of Charles W. Anderson, 1852-1880 Series IV: Business Records of Crupper and Clark, 1807-1812 Series V: Business Records of David Keeler's Tannery, 1824-1833 Series VI: Business Records of Eastern Silica and Chemical Corporation, 1929-1930 Series VII:Business Records of Garber, Gold, and Company, 1891-1903 Series VIII: Business Records of Hollingsworth and Parkins, 1811-1821 Series IX: Business Records of James H. Griffith and Company, 1857-1858 Series X: Business Records of James S. Lane and Benjamin T. Towner, 1818-1819 Series XI: Business Records of John S. Guyer, 1876-1889 Series XII: Business Records of Joseph A. Nulton, 1874-1875 Series XIII: Business Records of Joseph W. Carter, 1826-1833 Series XIV: Business Records of Nanmiter and Keeler, 1818-1825 Series XV: Business Records of Richard C. Windle, 1840-1843 Series XVI: Business Records of Richard S. Griffith, 1847-1851 Series XVII: Business Records of the Shenandoah Valley Hedge Company, 1886 Series XVIII: Business Records of an Unidentified Attorney, 1806-1820 Series XIX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1805-1808 Series XX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1850-1852, 1868 Series XXI: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1791-1793 Series XXII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1825-1828 Series XXIII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXIV: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXV: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1802-1803 Series XXVI: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1810-1811 Series XXVII: Business Records of an Unidentified Shoemaker, 1850-1855 Series XXVIII: Business Records of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company, 1833-1835 Series XXIX: Business Records of Washington G. Singleton, 1844-1854 Series XXX: Business Records of William Long and Company, 1802-1803 Series XXXI: Business Records of William McEndree, 1823-1825 Series XXXIII: Business Records of William R. Alexander, 1875-1888","Context for Record Type:  Business Records, both volumes and loose records, are in some cases transferred to the Library of Virginia as components of court record transfers. These business records in some cases were simply stored in the local court building for safe keeping by business owners. In other cases, business records (particularly ledgers, account books, etc.) may have been filed in a court case as an exhibit. These business record exhibits appeared both in chancery causes and in judgments, these records serving as exhibits for business dissolution cases, debut suits, and contract disputes.\n","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.","Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books.\n","State Record Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, \n 1791-1926"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Frederick County in an undated accession.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36 volumes."],"extent_tesim":["36 volumes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into thirty-two series:\n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Business Records of Albert C. Moore, 1910-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Business Records of Branner Tire Shop, 1923-1926\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Business Records of Charles W. Anderson, 1852-1880\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Business Records of Crupper and Clark, 1807-1812\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V: Business Records of David Keeler's Tannery, 1824-1833\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI: Business Records of Eastern Silica and Chemical Corporation, 1929-1930\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII:Business Records of Garber, Gold, and Company, 1891-1903\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII: Business Records of Hollingsworth and Parkins, 1811-1821\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX: Business Records of James H. Griffith and Company, 1857-1858\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X: Business Records of James S. Lane and Benjamin T. Towner, 1818-1819\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XI: Business Records of John S. Guyer, 1876-1889\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XII: Business Records of Joseph A. Nulton, 1874-1875\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XIII: Business Records of Joseph W. Carter, 1826-1833\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XIV: Business Records of Nanmiter and Keeler, 1818-1825\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XV: Business Records of Richard C. Windle, 1840-1843\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XVI: Business Records of Richard S. Griffith, 1847-1851\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XVII: Business Records of the Shenandoah Valley Hedge Company, 1886\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII: Business Records of an Unidentified Attorney, 1806-1820\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XIX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1805-1808\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1850-1852, 1868\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXI: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1791-1793\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1825-1828\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXIII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXIV: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXV: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1802-1803\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXVI: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1810-1811\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXVII: Business Records of an Unidentified Shoemaker, 1850-1855\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXVIII: Business Records of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company, 1833-1835\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXIX: Business Records of Washington G. Singleton, 1844-1854\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXX: Business Records of William Long and Company, 1802-1803\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXXI: Business Records of William McEndree, 1823-1825\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries XXXIII: Business Records of William R. Alexander, 1875-1888\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into thirty-two series:\n Series I: Business Records of Albert C. Moore, 1910-1912 Series II: Business Records of Branner Tire Shop, 1923-1926 Series III: Business Records of Charles W. Anderson, 1852-1880 Series IV: Business Records of Crupper and Clark, 1807-1812 Series V: Business Records of David Keeler's Tannery, 1824-1833 Series VI: Business Records of Eastern Silica and Chemical Corporation, 1929-1930 Series VII:Business Records of Garber, Gold, and Company, 1891-1903 Series VIII: Business Records of Hollingsworth and Parkins, 1811-1821 Series IX: Business Records of James H. Griffith and Company, 1857-1858 Series X: Business Records of James S. Lane and Benjamin T. Towner, 1818-1819 Series XI: Business Records of John S. Guyer, 1876-1889 Series XII: Business Records of Joseph A. Nulton, 1874-1875 Series XIII: Business Records of Joseph W. Carter, 1826-1833 Series XIV: Business Records of Nanmiter and Keeler, 1818-1825 Series XV: Business Records of Richard C. Windle, 1840-1843 Series XVI: Business Records of Richard S. Griffith, 1847-1851 Series XVII: Business Records of the Shenandoah Valley Hedge Company, 1886 Series XVIII: Business Records of an Unidentified Attorney, 1806-1820 Series XIX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1805-1808 Series XX: Business Records of an Unidentified Business, 1850-1852, 1868 Series XXI: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1791-1793 Series XXII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1825-1828 Series XXIII: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXIV: Business Records of an Unidentified General Store, 1828-1829 Series XXV: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1802-1803 Series XXVI: Business Records of an Unidentified Mill, 1810-1811 Series XXVII: Business Records of an Unidentified Shoemaker, 1850-1855 Series XXVIII: Business Records of the Winchester and Potomac Railroad Company, 1833-1835 Series XXIX: Business Records of Washington G. Singleton, 1844-1854 Series XXX: Business Records of William Long and Company, 1802-1803 Series XXXI: Business Records of William McEndree, 1823-1825 Series XXXIII: Business Records of William R. Alexander, 1875-1888"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Business Records, both volumes and loose records, are in some cases transferred to the Library of Virginia as components of court record transfers. These business records in some cases were simply stored in the local court building for safe keeping by business owners. In other cases, business records (particularly ledgers, account books, etc.) may have been filed in a court case as an exhibit. These business record exhibits appeared both in chancery causes and in judgments, these records serving as exhibits for business dissolution cases, debut suits, and contract disputes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:  Business Records, both volumes and loose records, are in some cases transferred to the Library of Virginia as components of court record transfers. These business records in some cases were simply stored in the local court building for safe keeping by business owners. In other cases, business records (particularly ledgers, account books, etc.) may have been filed in a court case as an exhibit. These business record exhibits appeared both in chancery causes and in judgments, these records serving as exhibits for business dissolution cases, debut suits, and contract disputes.\n","Locality History: Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Business Records, 1791-1926 is comprised of various records created by individuals and companies in pursuit of documenting business activities in and around Frederick County (Va.). Represented records largely consist of bound volumes such as ledgers, daybooks, and account books.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Record Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Record Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:48:24.306Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06221"}},{"id":"vi_vi03354","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03354#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03354#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03354#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03354","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03354","_root_":"vi_vi03354","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03354","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03354.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[""],"text":["","Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927",".","This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Coroners Inquisitions, 1779-1927, chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the local court.","Context for Record Type:  \nA carry over from the British system, the separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office was to hold inquisitions in cases when persons met a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance. The law did not encourage the Coroner to be a medical professional until the 20th century, and only stipulated that the local court be responsible for the appointment. Although not reliant on profession, this system of affluent white men making the decisions largely ensured that only other white men served in this position for much of its history\n","Prior to the Civil War, the coroner would summon a jury of twelve white men, usually prominent citizens of that locality, to assist him in determining cause of death. The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses which did include both white and Black perspectives. This witness testimony was recorded and after seeing and hearing the evidence, and unlike other judicial proceedings, enslaved people could provide depositions in coroner's inquisitions, but still, an all-white jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition. These causes of death would be determined by a white perspective and Black individuals were only consulted; they were never in a position to make decisions. After the Civil War, the process remained the same but the racial distinctions stipulating jury eligibility no longer remained. However, as appointments still continued and juror eligibility reserved for those \"entitled to vote and hold office,\" the authority and influence in the hands of white citizens remained throughout the late 19th and early 20th century.","In 1877, an act of the General Assembly changed the number of jurors to six, and by 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death but they could require physicians to assist them with determining cause of death. Then in 1946, the General Assembly abolished the Coroner's office/ office of Coroner's Physician altogether, appointed instead a Chief Medical Examiner, and by 1950 transitioned to a statewide Office of the Chief Medical Examiner which now lives within the Department of Health.","If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner delivered the guilty person to the sheriff and the inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial. In this case, coroner's inquisitions were filed with the trial papers. If there was not a trial, coroner's inquisitions were filed separately and are more likely to appear in this collection as a standalone set of documents.","Locality History:  Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.","Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Coroners' Inquisitions contain graphic and in some cases violent or otherwise disturbing descriptions of death.","Frederick County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1779-1927, contains investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in these records include accidental, alcohol, drowning, homicide, injuries, infanticide, medical conditions, natural causes (\"visitation by God\"), and suicide.","Documents commonly found in coroners' inquisitions include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Some inquisitions contain other documents such as exhibits. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the coroner knew the deceased person to be Black or Multiracial, the inquest should identify the person individual's legal status (free or enslaved). If the coroner knew the deceased person to be enslaved, the inquest often includes their name, their enslaver and the enslaver's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent(s) and their account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.","","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":[""],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Frederick County in an undated accession.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":[".9 cubic feet (2 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":[".9 cubic feet (2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Coroners Inquisitions, 1779-1927, chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the local court.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Coroners Inquisitions, 1779-1927, chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the local court."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type: \u003c/emph\u003e\nA carry over from the British system, the separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office was to hold inquisitions in cases when persons met a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance. The law did not encourage the Coroner to be a medical professional until the 20th century, and only stipulated that the local court be responsible for the appointment. Although not reliant on profession, this system of affluent white men making the decisions largely ensured that only other white men served in this position for much of its history\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to the Civil War, the coroner would summon a jury of twelve white men, usually prominent citizens of that locality, to assist him in determining cause of death. The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses which did include both white and Black perspectives. This witness testimony was recorded and after seeing and hearing the evidence, and unlike other judicial proceedings, enslaved people could provide depositions in coroner's inquisitions, but still, an all-white jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition. These causes of death would be determined by a white perspective and Black individuals were only consulted; they were never in a position to make decisions. After the Civil War, the process remained the same but the racial distinctions stipulating jury eligibility no longer remained. However, as appointments still continued and juror eligibility reserved for those \"entitled to vote and hold office,\" the authority and influence in the hands of white citizens remained throughout the late 19th and early 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1877, an act of the General Assembly changed the number of jurors to six, and by 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death but they could require physicians to assist them with determining cause of death. Then in 1946, the General Assembly abolished the Coroner's office/ office of Coroner's Physician altogether, appointed instead a Chief Medical Examiner, and by 1950 transitioned to a statewide Office of the Chief Medical Examiner which now lives within the Department of Health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner delivered the guilty person to the sheriff and the inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial. In this case, coroner's inquisitions were filed with the trial papers. If there was not a trial, coroner's inquisitions were filed separately and are more likely to appear in this collection as a standalone set of documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:  \nA carry over from the British system, the separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office was to hold inquisitions in cases when persons met a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance. The law did not encourage the Coroner to be a medical professional until the 20th century, and only stipulated that the local court be responsible for the appointment. Although not reliant on profession, this system of affluent white men making the decisions largely ensured that only other white men served in this position for much of its history\n","Prior to the Civil War, the coroner would summon a jury of twelve white men, usually prominent citizens of that locality, to assist him in determining cause of death. The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses which did include both white and Black perspectives. This witness testimony was recorded and after seeing and hearing the evidence, and unlike other judicial proceedings, enslaved people could provide depositions in coroner's inquisitions, but still, an all-white jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition. These causes of death would be determined by a white perspective and Black individuals were only consulted; they were never in a position to make decisions. After the Civil War, the process remained the same but the racial distinctions stipulating jury eligibility no longer remained. However, as appointments still continued and juror eligibility reserved for those \"entitled to vote and hold office,\" the authority and influence in the hands of white citizens remained throughout the late 19th and early 20th century.","In 1877, an act of the General Assembly changed the number of jurors to six, and by 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death but they could require physicians to assist them with determining cause of death. Then in 1946, the General Assembly abolished the Coroner's office/ office of Coroner's Physician altogether, appointed instead a Chief Medical Examiner, and by 1950 transitioned to a statewide Office of the Chief Medical Examiner which now lives within the Department of Health.","If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner delivered the guilty person to the sheriff and the inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial. In this case, coroner's inquisitions were filed with the trial papers. If there was not a trial, coroner's inquisitions were filed separately and are more likely to appear in this collection as a standalone set of documents.","Locality History:  Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCoroners' Inquisitions contain graphic and in some cases violent or otherwise disturbing descriptions of death.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1779-1927, contains investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in these records include accidental, alcohol, drowning, homicide, injuries, infanticide, medical conditions, natural causes (\"visitation by God\"), and suicide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments commonly found in coroners' inquisitions include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Some inquisitions contain other documents such as exhibits. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the coroner knew the deceased person to be Black or Multiracial, the inquest should identify the person individual's legal status (free or enslaved). If the coroner knew the deceased person to be enslaved, the inquest often includes their name, their enslaver and the enslaver's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent(s) and their account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Coroners' Inquisitions contain graphic and in some cases violent or otherwise disturbing descriptions of death.","Frederick County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1779-1927, contains investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in these records include accidental, alcohol, drowning, homicide, injuries, infanticide, medical conditions, natural causes (\"visitation by God\"), and suicide.","Documents commonly found in coroners' inquisitions include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Some inquisitions contain other documents such as exhibits. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the coroner knew the deceased person to be Black or Multiracial, the inquest should identify the person individual's legal status (free or enslaved). If the coroner knew the deceased person to be enslaved, the inquest often includes their name, their enslaver and the enslaver's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent(s) and their account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003e\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":[""],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:54:46.249Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03354","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03354","_root_":"vi_vi03354","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03354","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03354.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[""],"text":["","Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927",".","This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Coroners Inquisitions, 1779-1927, chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the local court.","Context for Record Type:  \nA carry over from the British system, the separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office was to hold inquisitions in cases when persons met a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance. The law did not encourage the Coroner to be a medical professional until the 20th century, and only stipulated that the local court be responsible for the appointment. Although not reliant on profession, this system of affluent white men making the decisions largely ensured that only other white men served in this position for much of its history\n","Prior to the Civil War, the coroner would summon a jury of twelve white men, usually prominent citizens of that locality, to assist him in determining cause of death. The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses which did include both white and Black perspectives. This witness testimony was recorded and after seeing and hearing the evidence, and unlike other judicial proceedings, enslaved people could provide depositions in coroner's inquisitions, but still, an all-white jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition. These causes of death would be determined by a white perspective and Black individuals were only consulted; they were never in a position to make decisions. After the Civil War, the process remained the same but the racial distinctions stipulating jury eligibility no longer remained. However, as appointments still continued and juror eligibility reserved for those \"entitled to vote and hold office,\" the authority and influence in the hands of white citizens remained throughout the late 19th and early 20th century.","In 1877, an act of the General Assembly changed the number of jurors to six, and by 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death but they could require physicians to assist them with determining cause of death. Then in 1946, the General Assembly abolished the Coroner's office/ office of Coroner's Physician altogether, appointed instead a Chief Medical Examiner, and by 1950 transitioned to a statewide Office of the Chief Medical Examiner which now lives within the Department of Health.","If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner delivered the guilty person to the sheriff and the inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial. In this case, coroner's inquisitions were filed with the trial papers. If there was not a trial, coroner's inquisitions were filed separately and are more likely to appear in this collection as a standalone set of documents.","Locality History:  Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.","Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Coroners' Inquisitions contain graphic and in some cases violent or otherwise disturbing descriptions of death.","Frederick County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1779-1927, contains investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in these records include accidental, alcohol, drowning, homicide, injuries, infanticide, medical conditions, natural causes (\"visitation by God\"), and suicide.","Documents commonly found in coroners' inquisitions include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Some inquisitions contain other documents such as exhibits. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the coroner knew the deceased person to be Black or Multiracial, the inquest should identify the person individual's legal status (free or enslaved). If the coroner knew the deceased person to be enslaved, the inquest often includes their name, their enslaver and the enslaver's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent(s) and their account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.","","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":[""],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, \n 1779-1927"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court records from Frederick County in an undated accession.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":[".9 cubic feet (2 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":[".9 cubic feet (2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Coroners Inquisitions, 1779-1927, chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the local court.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Coroners Inquisitions, 1779-1927, chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the local court."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type: \u003c/emph\u003e\nA carry over from the British system, the separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office was to hold inquisitions in cases when persons met a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance. The law did not encourage the Coroner to be a medical professional until the 20th century, and only stipulated that the local court be responsible for the appointment. Although not reliant on profession, this system of affluent white men making the decisions largely ensured that only other white men served in this position for much of its history\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to the Civil War, the coroner would summon a jury of twelve white men, usually prominent citizens of that locality, to assist him in determining cause of death. The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses which did include both white and Black perspectives. 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However, as appointments still continued and juror eligibility reserved for those \"entitled to vote and hold office,\" the authority and influence in the hands of white citizens remained throughout the late 19th and early 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1877, an act of the General Assembly changed the number of jurors to six, and by 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death but they could require physicians to assist them with determining cause of death. Then in 1946, the General Assembly abolished the Coroner's office/ office of Coroner's Physician altogether, appointed instead a Chief Medical Examiner, and by 1950 transitioned to a statewide Office of the Chief Medical Examiner which now lives within the Department of Health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner delivered the guilty person to the sheriff and the inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial. In this case, coroner's inquisitions were filed with the trial papers. If there was not a trial, coroner's inquisitions were filed separately and are more likely to appear in this collection as a standalone set of documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:  \nA carry over from the British system, the separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office was to hold inquisitions in cases when persons met a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance. The law did not encourage the Coroner to be a medical professional until the 20th century, and only stipulated that the local court be responsible for the appointment. Although not reliant on profession, this system of affluent white men making the decisions largely ensured that only other white men served in this position for much of its history\n","Prior to the Civil War, the coroner would summon a jury of twelve white men, usually prominent citizens of that locality, to assist him in determining cause of death. The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses which did include both white and Black perspectives. This witness testimony was recorded and after seeing and hearing the evidence, and unlike other judicial proceedings, enslaved people could provide depositions in coroner's inquisitions, but still, an all-white jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition. These causes of death would be determined by a white perspective and Black individuals were only consulted; they were never in a position to make decisions. After the Civil War, the process remained the same but the racial distinctions stipulating jury eligibility no longer remained. However, as appointments still continued and juror eligibility reserved for those \"entitled to vote and hold office,\" the authority and influence in the hands of white citizens remained throughout the late 19th and early 20th century.","In 1877, an act of the General Assembly changed the number of jurors to six, and by 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death but they could require physicians to assist them with determining cause of death. Then in 1946, the General Assembly abolished the Coroner's office/ office of Coroner's Physician altogether, appointed instead a Chief Medical Examiner, and by 1950 transitioned to a statewide Office of the Chief Medical Examiner which now lives within the Department of Health.","If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner delivered the guilty person to the sheriff and the inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial. In this case, coroner's inquisitions were filed with the trial papers. If there was not a trial, coroner's inquisitions were filed separately and are more likely to appear in this collection as a standalone set of documents.","Locality History:  Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/title\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCoroners' Inquisitions contain graphic and in some cases violent or otherwise disturbing descriptions of death.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1779-1927, contains investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in these records include accidental, alcohol, drowning, homicide, injuries, infanticide, medical conditions, natural causes (\"visitation by God\"), and suicide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments commonly found in coroners' inquisitions include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Some inquisitions contain other documents such as exhibits. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the coroner knew the deceased person to be Black or Multiracial, the inquest should identify the person individual's legal status (free or enslaved). If the coroner knew the deceased person to be enslaved, the inquest often includes their name, their enslaver and the enslaver's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent(s) and their account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Coroners' Inquisitions contain graphic and in some cases violent or otherwise disturbing descriptions of death.","Frederick County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1779-1927, contains investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in these records include accidental, alcohol, drowning, homicide, injuries, infanticide, medical conditions, natural causes (\"visitation by God\"), and suicide.","Documents commonly found in coroners' inquisitions include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Some inquisitions contain other documents such as exhibits. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the coroner knew the deceased person to be Black or Multiracial, the inquest should identify the person individual's legal status (free or enslaved). If the coroner knew the deceased person to be enslaved, the inquest often includes their name, their enslaver and the enslaver's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent(s) and their account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003e\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":[""],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:54:46.249Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03354"}},{"id":"vi_vi02352","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02352#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02352#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Court Record, 1854. The collection contains an envelope addressed to George Bowman, Strasburg, Virginia. The envelope was removed from an unknown series of Frederick County court records. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02352#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02352","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02352","_root_":"vi_vi02352","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02352","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02352.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1177667\n"],"text":["1177667\n","Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854","Replevin--Virginia.","Envelopes--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Judicial records--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","1 p.","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but, because the region was sparsely settled, county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n","Frederick County (Va.) Court Record, 1854. The collection contains an envelope addressed to George Bowman, Strasburg, Virginia. The envelope was removed from an unknown series of Frederick County court records.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1177667\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in 2004 in a transfer. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Replevin--Virginia.","Envelopes--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Judicial records--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Replevin--Virginia.","Envelopes--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Judicial records--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 p."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but, because the region was sparsely settled, county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but, because the region was sparsely settled, county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Court Record, 1854. The collection contains an envelope addressed to George Bowman, Strasburg, Virginia. 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Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:30:15.999Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02352","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02352","_root_":"vi_vi02352","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02352","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02352.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1177667\n"],"text":["1177667\n","Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854","Replevin--Virginia.","Envelopes--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Judicial records--Virginia--Frederick  County.","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County.","1 p.","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but, because the region was sparsely settled, county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n","Frederick County (Va.) Court Record, 1854. The collection contains an envelope addressed to George Bowman, Strasburg, Virginia. The envelope was removed from an unknown series of Frederick County court records.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1177667\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record,  \n 1854"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but, because the region was sparsely settled, county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II. It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but, because the region was sparsely settled, county government was not organized until 1743. Part of Augusta County was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Court Record, 1854. The collection contains an envelope addressed to George Bowman, Strasburg, Virginia. The envelope was removed from an unknown series of Frederick County court records.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Court Record, 1854. The collection contains an envelope addressed to George Bowman, Strasburg, Virginia. The envelope was removed from an unknown series of Frederick County court records.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:30:15.999Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02352"}},{"id":"vi_vi03950","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03950#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03950#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03950#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03950","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03950","_root_":"vi_vi03950","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03950","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03950.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835","This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835,  arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type:  In 1818, Congress passed the first of three major Revolutionary War pension acts. The act granted lifetime pensions to all men who had served as regular army soldiers in the Continental Line and who could demonstrate financial need. Prior to the passage of this act, pensions had been restricted to former soldiers who were no longer able to support themselves due to injuries sustained while in service. The second act, passed by Congress in 1820, required applicants to provide more concrete evidence of this financial need in the form of a certified inventory of his property and income. They also had to include an account of all members of the applicant's family, including their health and ability to contribute to household income. In 1832, the third act extended pension benefits to include soldiers who had served in the state troops or militia. Congress also passed a related act in 1836 granting pensions to the widows and orphans of Revolutionary War veterans.\n","Locality History:   Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester. ","Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.\n","Applicants in this series reported to have served in various Virginia military units, including the 1st Virginia Regiment, Cavalry; 3rd Virginia Regiment; 4th Virginia Regiment; 7th Virginia Regiment; 8th Virginia Regiment; Virginia Rifle Company; Virginia Light Dragoons; and the Virginia Continental Line and Virginia militia generally.","Applicants also reported serving in many units outside of Virginia, including the 2nd Maryland Regiment; 2nd North Carolina Regiment; 4th Pennsylvania Regiment; 1st South Carolina Regiment, Grenadier Company; Connecticut Continental Line; Massachusetts Continental Line; Pennsylvania Continental Line; Pennsylvania militia; New Jersey militia; and the French Army in the American service.","Applicants also gave accounts of being present during several military engagements, including Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Camden, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Fort Moultrie, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Battle of Great Bridge, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Paolie, Battle of Stony Point, Siege of Charleston, Siege of Norfolk, Siege of Savannah, and Siege of Ninety-Six.","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".15 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"extent_tesim":[".15 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835,\u003c/emph\u003e arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835,  arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/title\u003e In 1818, Congress passed the first of three major Revolutionary War pension acts. The act granted lifetime pensions to all men who had served as regular army soldiers in the Continental Line and who could demonstrate financial need. Prior to the passage of this act, pensions had been restricted to former soldiers who were no longer able to support themselves due to injuries sustained while in service. The second act, passed by Congress in 1820, required applicants to provide more concrete evidence of this financial need in the form of a certified inventory of his property and income. They also had to include an account of all members of the applicant's family, including their health and ability to contribute to household income. In 1832, the third act extended pension benefits to include soldiers who had served in the state troops or militia. Congress also passed a related act in 1836 granting pensions to the widows and orphans of Revolutionary War veterans.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:  \u003c/title\u003eFrederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:  In 1818, Congress passed the first of three major Revolutionary War pension acts. The act granted lifetime pensions to all men who had served as regular army soldiers in the Continental Line and who could demonstrate financial need. Prior to the passage of this act, pensions had been restricted to former soldiers who were no longer able to support themselves due to injuries sustained while in service. The second act, passed by Congress in 1820, required applicants to provide more concrete evidence of this financial need in the form of a certified inventory of his property and income. They also had to include an account of all members of the applicant's family, including their health and ability to contribute to household income. In 1832, the third act extended pension benefits to include soldiers who had served in the state troops or militia. Congress also passed a related act in 1836 granting pensions to the widows and orphans of Revolutionary War veterans.\n","Locality History:   Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplicants in this series reported to have served in various Virginia military units, including the 1st Virginia Regiment, Cavalry; 3rd Virginia Regiment; 4th Virginia Regiment; 7th Virginia Regiment; 8th Virginia Regiment; Virginia Rifle Company; Virginia Light Dragoons; and the Virginia Continental Line and Virginia militia generally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplicants also reported serving in many units outside of Virginia, including the 2nd Maryland Regiment; 2nd North Carolina Regiment; 4th Pennsylvania Regiment; 1st South Carolina Regiment, Grenadier Company; Connecticut Continental Line; Massachusetts Continental Line; Pennsylvania Continental Line; Pennsylvania militia; New Jersey militia; and the French Army in the American service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplicants also gave accounts of being present during several military engagements, including Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Camden, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Fort Moultrie, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Battle of Great Bridge, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Paolie, Battle of Stony Point, Siege of Charleston, Siege of Norfolk, Siege of Savannah, and Siege of Ninety-Six.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.\n","Applicants in this series reported to have served in various Virginia military units, including the 1st Virginia Regiment, Cavalry; 3rd Virginia Regiment; 4th Virginia Regiment; 7th Virginia Regiment; 8th Virginia Regiment; Virginia Rifle Company; Virginia Light Dragoons; and the Virginia Continental Line and Virginia militia generally.","Applicants also reported serving in many units outside of Virginia, including the 2nd Maryland Regiment; 2nd North Carolina Regiment; 4th Pennsylvania Regiment; 1st South Carolina Regiment, Grenadier Company; Connecticut Continental Line; Massachusetts Continental Line; Pennsylvania Continental Line; Pennsylvania militia; New Jersey militia; and the French Army in the American service.","Applicants also gave accounts of being present during several military engagements, including Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Camden, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Fort Moultrie, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Battle of Great Bridge, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Paolie, Battle of Stony Point, Siege of Charleston, Siege of Norfolk, Siege of Savannah, and Siege of Ninety-Six."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:10:14.638Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03950","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03950","_root_":"vi_vi03950","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03950","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03950.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835","This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835,  arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type:  In 1818, Congress passed the first of three major Revolutionary War pension acts. The act granted lifetime pensions to all men who had served as regular army soldiers in the Continental Line and who could demonstrate financial need. Prior to the passage of this act, pensions had been restricted to former soldiers who were no longer able to support themselves due to injuries sustained while in service. The second act, passed by Congress in 1820, required applicants to provide more concrete evidence of this financial need in the form of a certified inventory of his property and income. They also had to include an account of all members of the applicant's family, including their health and ability to contribute to household income. In 1832, the third act extended pension benefits to include soldiers who had served in the state troops or militia. Congress also passed a related act in 1836 granting pensions to the widows and orphans of Revolutionary War veterans.\n","Locality History:   Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester. ","Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.\n","Applicants in this series reported to have served in various Virginia military units, including the 1st Virginia Regiment, Cavalry; 3rd Virginia Regiment; 4th Virginia Regiment; 7th Virginia Regiment; 8th Virginia Regiment; Virginia Rifle Company; Virginia Light Dragoons; and the Virginia Continental Line and Virginia militia generally.","Applicants also reported serving in many units outside of Virginia, including the 2nd Maryland Regiment; 2nd North Carolina Regiment; 4th Pennsylvania Regiment; 1st South Carolina Regiment, Grenadier Company; Connecticut Continental Line; Massachusetts Continental Line; Pennsylvania Continental Line; Pennsylvania militia; New Jersey militia; and the French Army in the American service.","Applicants also gave accounts of being present during several military engagements, including Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Camden, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Fort Moultrie, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Battle of Great Bridge, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Paolie, Battle of Stony Point, Siege of Charleston, Siege of Norfolk, Siege of Savannah, and Siege of Ninety-Six.","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, \n 1820-1835"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".15 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"extent_tesim":[".15 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835,\u003c/emph\u003e arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835,  arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/title\u003e In 1818, Congress passed the first of three major Revolutionary War pension acts. The act granted lifetime pensions to all men who had served as regular army soldiers in the Continental Line and who could demonstrate financial need. Prior to the passage of this act, pensions had been restricted to former soldiers who were no longer able to support themselves due to injuries sustained while in service. The second act, passed by Congress in 1820, required applicants to provide more concrete evidence of this financial need in the form of a certified inventory of his property and income. They also had to include an account of all members of the applicant's family, including their health and ability to contribute to household income. In 1832, the third act extended pension benefits to include soldiers who had served in the state troops or militia. Congress also passed a related act in 1836 granting pensions to the widows and orphans of Revolutionary War veterans.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:  \u003c/title\u003eFrederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:  In 1818, Congress passed the first of three major Revolutionary War pension acts. The act granted lifetime pensions to all men who had served as regular army soldiers in the Continental Line and who could demonstrate financial need. Prior to the passage of this act, pensions had been restricted to former soldiers who were no longer able to support themselves due to injuries sustained while in service. The second act, passed by Congress in 1820, required applicants to provide more concrete evidence of this financial need in the form of a certified inventory of his property and income. They also had to include an account of all members of the applicant's family, including their health and ability to contribute to household income. In 1832, the third act extended pension benefits to include soldiers who had served in the state troops or militia. Congress also passed a related act in 1836 granting pensions to the widows and orphans of Revolutionary War veterans.\n","Locality History:   Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplicants in this series reported to have served in various Virginia military units, including the 1st Virginia Regiment, Cavalry; 3rd Virginia Regiment; 4th Virginia Regiment; 7th Virginia Regiment; 8th Virginia Regiment; Virginia Rifle Company; Virginia Light Dragoons; and the Virginia Continental Line and Virginia militia generally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplicants also reported serving in many units outside of Virginia, including the 2nd Maryland Regiment; 2nd North Carolina Regiment; 4th Pennsylvania Regiment; 1st South Carolina Regiment, Grenadier Company; Connecticut Continental Line; Massachusetts Continental Line; Pennsylvania Continental Line; Pennsylvania militia; New Jersey militia; and the French Army in the American service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplicants also gave accounts of being present during several military engagements, including Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Camden, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Fort Moultrie, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Battle of Great Bridge, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Paolie, Battle of Stony Point, Siege of Charleston, Siege of Norfolk, Siege of Savannah, and Siege of Ninety-Six.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1835, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.\n","Applicants in this series reported to have served in various Virginia military units, including the 1st Virginia Regiment, Cavalry; 3rd Virginia Regiment; 4th Virginia Regiment; 7th Virginia Regiment; 8th Virginia Regiment; Virginia Rifle Company; Virginia Light Dragoons; and the Virginia Continental Line and Virginia militia generally.","Applicants also reported serving in many units outside of Virginia, including the 2nd Maryland Regiment; 2nd North Carolina Regiment; 4th Pennsylvania Regiment; 1st South Carolina Regiment, Grenadier Company; Connecticut Continental Line; Massachusetts Continental Line; Pennsylvania Continental Line; Pennsylvania militia; New Jersey militia; and the French Army in the American service.","Applicants also gave accounts of being present during several military engagements, including Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Camden, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Fort Moultrie, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Battle of Great Bridge, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Paolie, Battle of Stony Point, Siege of Charleston, Siege of Norfolk, Siege of Savannah, and Siege of Ninety-Six."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:10:14.638Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03950"}},{"id":"vi_vi03626","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03626#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03626#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03626#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03626","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03626","_root_":"vi_vi03626","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03626","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03626.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0006548170\n"],"text":["0006548170\n","Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859","African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Frederick County.",".35 cu. ft. (1 box)","Arranged chronologically.\n","Slaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n","Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n","Judgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0006548170\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSlaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Slaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n","Judgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:03:29.952Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03626","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03626","_root_":"vi_vi03626","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03626","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03626.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0006548170\n"],"text":["0006548170\n","Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859","African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Frederick County.",".35 cu. ft. (1 box)","Arranged chronologically.\n","Slaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n","Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n","Judgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0006548170\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n 1798-1859"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Frederick County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Frederick County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSlaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Slaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n","Frederick County was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1798-1859, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n","Judgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.). Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:03:29.952Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03626"}},{"id":"vi_vi02453","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, \n 1902-1903","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02453#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02453#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02453#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02453","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02453","_root_":"vi_vi02453","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02453","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02453.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, \n 1902-1903\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, \n 1902-1903\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1099020\n"],"text":["1099020\n","Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, \n 1902-1903","African Americans--History--1877-1964","African Americans--Suffrage","African Americans--Virginia--Frederick County","Suffrage--Virginia--Frederick County","Election records--Virginia--Frederick County","Local government records--Virginia--Frederick County","Voters' lists--Virginia--Frederick County","1 v.","Chronological\n","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later.  Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.\n","The 1902 voter registration books were created following the passage of the 1902 Virginia state constitution. The purpose of the 1902 state constitution was to maintain white suffrage while eliminating African-American voters by means of literacy tests as well as property and poll tax requirements. ","Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1099020\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) 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Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.\n","The 1902 voter registration books were created following the passage of the 1902 Virginia state constitution. The purpose of the 1902 state constitution was to maintain white suffrage while eliminating African-American voters by means of literacy tests as well as property and poll tax requirements. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1099020\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) 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Its area is 426 square miles, and the county seat is Winchester.\n","The 1902 voter registration books were created following the passage of the 1902 Virginia state constitution. The purpose of the 1902 state constitution was to maintain white suffrage while eliminating African-American voters by means of literacy tests as well as property and poll tax requirements. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) List of Registered Voters, 1902-1903, records the roll of registered voters in Frederick County. The volume is divided by precincts: Neffstown, Brucetown, White Hall, Gainsboro, Bakers Mill, Dolans, Ashtons, Yeakley's School House, Gore, Lamps, Russells, Dry Run, Old Forge, Middletown, Stephens City, Canterburg, Kernstown, Carpers Valley, and Green, and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volume includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct. \n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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Loyalty Oaths, 1865-1866, consist of oaths signed by male residents of Frederick County in which they promise to \"support the Constitution of the United States and the laws made in pursuance thereof as the supreme law of the land.\" \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03170#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03170","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03170","_root_":"vi_vi03170","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03170","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03170.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1098664\n"],"text":["1098664\n","Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Loyalty Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County","1 v.","Arranged chronologically.\n","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later. \n","Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, 1865-1866, consist of oaths signed by male residents of Frederick County in which they promise to \"support the Constitution of the United States and the laws made in pursuance thereof as the supreme law of the land.\"\n","Includes an index arranged alphabetically by surname.","Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1098664\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) 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Loyalty Oaths, 1865-1866, consist of oaths signed by male residents of Frederick County in which they promise to \"support the Constitution of the United States and the laws made in pursuance thereof as the supreme law of the land.\"\n","Includes an index arranged alphabetically by surname."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:48:53.672Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03170","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03170","_root_":"vi_vi03170","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03170","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03170.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1098664\n"],"text":["1098664\n","Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866","Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Loyalty Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County","1 v.","Arranged chronologically.\n","Frederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  It was formed from Orange County in 1738, but the county government was not organized until 1743.  Part of Augusta County was added later. \n","Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, 1865-1866, consist of oaths signed by male residents of Frederick County in which they promise to \"support the Constitution of the United States and the laws made in pursuance thereof as the supreme law of the land.\"\n","Includes an index arranged alphabetically by surname.","Library of Virginia\n","Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1098664\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Loyalty Oaths, \n 1865-1866"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in a shipment of court papers from Frederick County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Loyalty Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records -- Virginia -- Frederick County ","Local government records -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Loyalty Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County","Oaths -- Virginia -- Frederick County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 v."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick County was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of George II.  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Loyalty Oaths, 1865-1866, consist of oaths signed by male residents of Frederick County in which they promise to \"support the Constitution of the United States and the laws made in pursuance thereof as the supreme law of the land.\"\n","Includes an index arranged alphabetically by surname."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:48:53.672Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03170"}},{"id":"vi_vi06414","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06414#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06414#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include: \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06414#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06414","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06414","_root_":"vi_vi06414","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06414","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06414.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated","This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Processed Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated,  arranged chronologically. Series II: Unprocessed Military and Pension Records, undated,  are housed in a box with other unprocessed court records for Frederick County.","Context for Record Type:   Keeping large bodies of militia in the field required an elaborate system of support based on the purchase of goods and services from civilians, in addition to the usual pay and allowances to officers and soldiers. The result was the creation of a large number of records concerning the state's disbursements to both soldiers and civilians. Many claims for payment went unsatisfied until 1821. Locality military and pension records consist largely of pay and muster rolls, accounts and vouchers concerning supplies, claims for reimbursement for services rendered, and military pension applications. Pension applications summarize the applicant's service record and may include medical evaluations; information about income and property; and, in the case of widows, the date and place of marriages.","During the Revolutionary War, commissioners were appointed in each county to impress supplies and non-military services (such as driving cattle or wagons) for the war effort. Officials provided certificates or receipts so that individual suppliers could be reimbursed by the state government. Beginning in 1782, claims for reimbursement could be submitted to county courts. These \"publick claims,\" known as court booklets and lists, exist for almost all Virginia counties. Between 1777 and 1785, the Virginia General Assembly passed several laws authorizing pensions for disabled soldiers and for widows of soldiers who died while on active duty.","Throughout the Civil War, the principal responsibility for Virginia's indigent soldiers' families lay with the locality. The Virginia State Convention in 1861 gave the responsibility entirely to counties and incorporated towns and authorized whatever actions had already been taken. Acts of Assembly in 1862 and 1863 expanded the localities' powers to provide for their needy, and in 1863 some minimal state assistance was added in. The Virginia General Assembly passed several Confederate pension acts beginning in 1888. The initial act provided pensions to Confederate soldiers, sailors, and marines disabled in action and to the widows of those killed in action. A 1900 act broadened the coverage to include veterans disabled by \"infirmities of age\" and widows whose husbands died after the war. African Americans who had served \"faithfully\" as servants, cooks, laborers, hostlers, or teamsters for the Confederate army were eligible for pensions beginning in 1924. District of Columbia residents became eligible in 1926; previously, all pension applicants were required to be residents of Virginia.","Locality History:    Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n"," Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include:\n","County militia papers, 1805-1858, include militia commissions, officer recommendations, militia expenses for the 51st Regiment of the Virginia militia, and records for the 1822 court martial of Robert Gustin, commander of the 2nd Battalion of 39th Regiment of the Virginia militia.","Revolutionary War certificates of service, 1812-1820, include certificates and claims for Revolutionary War federal pensions. Most certificates include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Some certificates also contain details about property the applicant currently owns and debts owed as a way of proving current income. Several documents relate to the widows and heirs of soldiers.","Pension papers, 1816-1907, include mostly post-Revolutionary War pension applications, certificates, affidavits, and related records. Records relate primarily to Confederate veterans, but also encompass soldiers who fought in the War of 1812 and the widows and heirs of soldiers. Most papers include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Notable records include the pension papers and service records for two free black soldiers who fought for the United States during the Civil War: Thomas Festus of the 30th United States Regiment of Colored Troops and William Alexander Jones of the 24th United States Regiment of Colored Troops. Also of note was the Confederate pension application of Levi Miller, an enslaved man who was brought into the Confederate Army by his enslaver and participated in several battles.\n","Commutation applications, 1873, consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs for Confederate soldiers wounded during the Civil War.","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.45 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.45 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Processed Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated,\u003c/emph\u003e arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Unprocessed Military and Pension Records, undated,\u003c/emph\u003e are housed in a box with other unprocessed court records for Frederick County.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Processed Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated,  arranged chronologically. Series II: Unprocessed Military and Pension Records, undated,  are housed in a box with other unprocessed court records for Frederick County."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:  \u003c/title\u003eKeeping large bodies of militia in the field required an elaborate system of support based on the purchase of goods and services from civilians, in addition to the usual pay and allowances to officers and soldiers. The result was the creation of a large number of records concerning the state's disbursements to both soldiers and civilians. Many claims for payment went unsatisfied until 1821. Locality military and pension records consist largely of pay and muster rolls, accounts and vouchers concerning supplies, claims for reimbursement for services rendered, and military pension applications. Pension applications summarize the applicant's service record and may include medical evaluations; information about income and property; and, in the case of widows, the date and place of marriages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Revolutionary War, commissioners were appointed in each county to impress supplies and non-military services (such as driving cattle or wagons) for the war effort. Officials provided certificates or receipts so that individual suppliers could be reimbursed by the state government. Beginning in 1782, claims for reimbursement could be submitted to county courts. These \"publick claims,\" known as court booklets and lists, exist for almost all Virginia counties. Between 1777 and 1785, the Virginia General Assembly passed several laws authorizing pensions for disabled soldiers and for widows of soldiers who died while on active duty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the Civil War, the principal responsibility for Virginia's indigent soldiers' families lay with the locality. The Virginia State Convention in 1861 gave the responsibility entirely to counties and incorporated towns and authorized whatever actions had already been taken. Acts of Assembly in 1862 and 1863 expanded the localities' powers to provide for their needy, and in 1863 some minimal state assistance was added in. The Virginia General Assembly passed several Confederate pension acts beginning in 1888. The initial act provided pensions to Confederate soldiers, sailors, and marines disabled in action and to the widows of those killed in action. A 1900 act broadened the coverage to include veterans disabled by \"infirmities of age\" and widows whose husbands died after the war. African Americans who had served \"faithfully\" as servants, cooks, laborers, hostlers, or teamsters for the Confederate army were eligible for pensions beginning in 1924. District of Columbia residents became eligible in 1926; previously, all pension applicants were required to be residents of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:  \u003c/title\u003e Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:   Keeping large bodies of militia in the field required an elaborate system of support based on the purchase of goods and services from civilians, in addition to the usual pay and allowances to officers and soldiers. The result was the creation of a large number of records concerning the state's disbursements to both soldiers and civilians. Many claims for payment went unsatisfied until 1821. Locality military and pension records consist largely of pay and muster rolls, accounts and vouchers concerning supplies, claims for reimbursement for services rendered, and military pension applications. Pension applications summarize the applicant's service record and may include medical evaluations; information about income and property; and, in the case of widows, the date and place of marriages.","During the Revolutionary War, commissioners were appointed in each county to impress supplies and non-military services (such as driving cattle or wagons) for the war effort. Officials provided certificates or receipts so that individual suppliers could be reimbursed by the state government. Beginning in 1782, claims for reimbursement could be submitted to county courts. These \"publick claims,\" known as court booklets and lists, exist for almost all Virginia counties. Between 1777 and 1785, the Virginia General Assembly passed several laws authorizing pensions for disabled soldiers and for widows of soldiers who died while on active duty.","Throughout the Civil War, the principal responsibility for Virginia's indigent soldiers' families lay with the locality. The Virginia State Convention in 1861 gave the responsibility entirely to counties and incorporated towns and authorized whatever actions had already been taken. Acts of Assembly in 1862 and 1863 expanded the localities' powers to provide for their needy, and in 1863 some minimal state assistance was added in. The Virginia General Assembly passed several Confederate pension acts beginning in 1888. The initial act provided pensions to Confederate soldiers, sailors, and marines disabled in action and to the widows of those killed in action. A 1900 act broadened the coverage to include veterans disabled by \"infirmities of age\" and widows whose husbands died after the war. African Americans who had served \"faithfully\" as servants, cooks, laborers, hostlers, or teamsters for the Confederate army were eligible for pensions beginning in 1924. District of Columbia residents became eligible in 1926; previously, all pension applicants were required to be residents of Virginia.","Locality History:    Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCounty militia papers, 1805-1858, include militia commissions, officer recommendations, militia expenses for the 51st Regiment of the Virginia militia, and records for the 1822 court martial of Robert Gustin, commander of the 2nd Battalion of 39th Regiment of the Virginia militia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRevolutionary War certificates of service, 1812-1820, include certificates and claims for Revolutionary War federal pensions. Most certificates include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Some certificates also contain details about property the applicant currently owns and debts owed as a way of proving current income. Several documents relate to the widows and heirs of soldiers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePension papers, 1816-1907, include mostly post-Revolutionary War pension applications, certificates, affidavits, and related records. Records relate primarily to Confederate veterans, but also encompass soldiers who fought in the War of 1812 and the widows and heirs of soldiers. Most papers include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Notable records include the pension papers and service records for two free black soldiers who fought for the United States during the Civil War: Thomas Festus of the 30th United States Regiment of Colored Troops and William Alexander Jones of the 24th United States Regiment of Colored Troops. Also of note was the Confederate pension application of Levi Miller, an enslaved man who was brought into the Confederate Army by his enslaver and participated in several battles.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommutation applications, 1873, consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs for Confederate soldiers wounded during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":[" Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include:\n","County militia papers, 1805-1858, include militia commissions, officer recommendations, militia expenses for the 51st Regiment of the Virginia militia, and records for the 1822 court martial of Robert Gustin, commander of the 2nd Battalion of 39th Regiment of the Virginia militia.","Revolutionary War certificates of service, 1812-1820, include certificates and claims for Revolutionary War federal pensions. Most certificates include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Some certificates also contain details about property the applicant currently owns and debts owed as a way of proving current income. Several documents relate to the widows and heirs of soldiers.","Pension papers, 1816-1907, include mostly post-Revolutionary War pension applications, certificates, affidavits, and related records. Records relate primarily to Confederate veterans, but also encompass soldiers who fought in the War of 1812 and the widows and heirs of soldiers. Most papers include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Notable records include the pension papers and service records for two free black soldiers who fought for the United States during the Civil War: Thomas Festus of the 30th United States Regiment of Colored Troops and William Alexander Jones of the 24th United States Regiment of Colored Troops. Also of note was the Confederate pension application of Levi Miller, an enslaved man who was brought into the Confederate Army by his enslaver and participated in several battles.\n","Commutation applications, 1873, consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs for Confederate soldiers wounded during the Civil War."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:53:27.179Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06414","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06414","_root_":"vi_vi06414","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06414","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06414.xml","title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated\n"],"title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated"],"text":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated","This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Processed Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated,  arranged chronologically. Series II: Unprocessed Military and Pension Records, undated,  are housed in a box with other unprocessed court records for Frederick County.","Context for Record Type:   Keeping large bodies of militia in the field required an elaborate system of support based on the purchase of goods and services from civilians, in addition to the usual pay and allowances to officers and soldiers. The result was the creation of a large number of records concerning the state's disbursements to both soldiers and civilians. Many claims for payment went unsatisfied until 1821. Locality military and pension records consist largely of pay and muster rolls, accounts and vouchers concerning supplies, claims for reimbursement for services rendered, and military pension applications. Pension applications summarize the applicant's service record and may include medical evaluations; information about income and property; and, in the case of widows, the date and place of marriages.","During the Revolutionary War, commissioners were appointed in each county to impress supplies and non-military services (such as driving cattle or wagons) for the war effort. Officials provided certificates or receipts so that individual suppliers could be reimbursed by the state government. Beginning in 1782, claims for reimbursement could be submitted to county courts. These \"publick claims,\" known as court booklets and lists, exist for almost all Virginia counties. Between 1777 and 1785, the Virginia General Assembly passed several laws authorizing pensions for disabled soldiers and for widows of soldiers who died while on active duty.","Throughout the Civil War, the principal responsibility for Virginia's indigent soldiers' families lay with the locality. The Virginia State Convention in 1861 gave the responsibility entirely to counties and incorporated towns and authorized whatever actions had already been taken. Acts of Assembly in 1862 and 1863 expanded the localities' powers to provide for their needy, and in 1863 some minimal state assistance was added in. The Virginia General Assembly passed several Confederate pension acts beginning in 1888. The initial act provided pensions to Confederate soldiers, sailors, and marines disabled in action and to the widows of those killed in action. A 1900 act broadened the coverage to include veterans disabled by \"infirmities of age\" and widows whose husbands died after the war. African Americans who had served \"faithfully\" as servants, cooks, laborers, hostlers, or teamsters for the Confederate army were eligible for pensions beginning in 1924. District of Columbia residents became eligible in 1926; previously, all pension applicants were required to be residents of Virginia.","Locality History:    Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n"," Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include:\n","County militia papers, 1805-1858, include militia commissions, officer recommendations, militia expenses for the 51st Regiment of the Virginia militia, and records for the 1822 court martial of Robert Gustin, commander of the 2nd Battalion of 39th Regiment of the Virginia militia.","Revolutionary War certificates of service, 1812-1820, include certificates and claims for Revolutionary War federal pensions. Most certificates include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Some certificates also contain details about property the applicant currently owns and debts owed as a way of proving current income. Several documents relate to the widows and heirs of soldiers.","Pension papers, 1816-1907, include mostly post-Revolutionary War pension applications, certificates, affidavits, and related records. Records relate primarily to Confederate veterans, but also encompass soldiers who fought in the War of 1812 and the widows and heirs of soldiers. Most papers include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Notable records include the pension papers and service records for two free black soldiers who fought for the United States during the Civil War: Thomas Festus of the 30th United States Regiment of Colored Troops and William Alexander Jones of the 24th United States Regiment of Colored Troops. Also of note was the Confederate pension application of Levi Miller, an enslaved man who was brought into the Confederate Army by his enslaver and participated in several battles.\n","Commutation applications, 1873, consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs for Confederate soldiers wounded during the Civil War.","Library of Virginia\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, \n 1805-1907; undated"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Frederick County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Frederick County.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.45 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.45 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Processed Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated,\u003c/emph\u003e arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Unprocessed Military and Pension Records, undated,\u003c/emph\u003e are housed in a box with other unprocessed court records for Frederick County.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:\n","Series I: Processed Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated,  arranged chronologically. Series II: Unprocessed Military and Pension Records, undated,  are housed in a box with other unprocessed court records for Frederick County."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:  \u003c/title\u003eKeeping large bodies of militia in the field required an elaborate system of support based on the purchase of goods and services from civilians, in addition to the usual pay and allowances to officers and soldiers. The result was the creation of a large number of records concerning the state's disbursements to both soldiers and civilians. Many claims for payment went unsatisfied until 1821. Locality military and pension records consist largely of pay and muster rolls, accounts and vouchers concerning supplies, claims for reimbursement for services rendered, and military pension applications. Pension applications summarize the applicant's service record and may include medical evaluations; information about income and property; and, in the case of widows, the date and place of marriages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Revolutionary War, commissioners were appointed in each county to impress supplies and non-military services (such as driving cattle or wagons) for the war effort. Officials provided certificates or receipts so that individual suppliers could be reimbursed by the state government. Beginning in 1782, claims for reimbursement could be submitted to county courts. These \"publick claims,\" known as court booklets and lists, exist for almost all Virginia counties. Between 1777 and 1785, the Virginia General Assembly passed several laws authorizing pensions for disabled soldiers and for widows of soldiers who died while on active duty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the Civil War, the principal responsibility for Virginia's indigent soldiers' families lay with the locality. The Virginia State Convention in 1861 gave the responsibility entirely to counties and incorporated towns and authorized whatever actions had already been taken. Acts of Assembly in 1862 and 1863 expanded the localities' powers to provide for their needy, and in 1863 some minimal state assistance was added in. The Virginia General Assembly passed several Confederate pension acts beginning in 1888. The initial act provided pensions to Confederate soldiers, sailors, and marines disabled in action and to the widows of those killed in action. A 1900 act broadened the coverage to include veterans disabled by \"infirmities of age\" and widows whose husbands died after the war. African Americans who had served \"faithfully\" as servants, cooks, laborers, hostlers, or teamsters for the Confederate army were eligible for pensions beginning in 1924. District of Columbia residents became eligible in 1926; previously, all pension applicants were required to be residents of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:  \u003c/title\u003e Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:   Keeping large bodies of militia in the field required an elaborate system of support based on the purchase of goods and services from civilians, in addition to the usual pay and allowances to officers and soldiers. The result was the creation of a large number of records concerning the state's disbursements to both soldiers and civilians. Many claims for payment went unsatisfied until 1821. Locality military and pension records consist largely of pay and muster rolls, accounts and vouchers concerning supplies, claims for reimbursement for services rendered, and military pension applications. Pension applications summarize the applicant's service record and may include medical evaluations; information about income and property; and, in the case of widows, the date and place of marriages.","During the Revolutionary War, commissioners were appointed in each county to impress supplies and non-military services (such as driving cattle or wagons) for the war effort. Officials provided certificates or receipts so that individual suppliers could be reimbursed by the state government. Beginning in 1782, claims for reimbursement could be submitted to county courts. These \"publick claims,\" known as court booklets and lists, exist for almost all Virginia counties. Between 1777 and 1785, the Virginia General Assembly passed several laws authorizing pensions for disabled soldiers and for widows of soldiers who died while on active duty.","Throughout the Civil War, the principal responsibility for Virginia's indigent soldiers' families lay with the locality. The Virginia State Convention in 1861 gave the responsibility entirely to counties and incorporated towns and authorized whatever actions had already been taken. Acts of Assembly in 1862 and 1863 expanded the localities' powers to provide for their needy, and in 1863 some minimal state assistance was added in. The Virginia General Assembly passed several Confederate pension acts beginning in 1888. The initial act provided pensions to Confederate soldiers, sailors, and marines disabled in action and to the widows of those killed in action. A 1900 act broadened the coverage to include veterans disabled by \"infirmities of age\" and widows whose husbands died after the war. African Americans who had served \"faithfully\" as servants, cooks, laborers, hostlers, or teamsters for the Confederate army were eligible for pensions beginning in 1924. District of Columbia residents became eligible in 1926; previously, all pension applicants were required to be residents of Virginia.","Locality History:    Frederick County was was named in honor of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales and eldest son of King George II. It was formed from Orange County by a statute of 1738 that stipulated that when the population was large enough the new county government would begin to function. The county court first met on 11 November 1743. Part of Augusta County was added in 1754. The county seat is the city of Winchester.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCounty militia papers, 1805-1858, include militia commissions, officer recommendations, militia expenses for the 51st Regiment of the Virginia militia, and records for the 1822 court martial of Robert Gustin, commander of the 2nd Battalion of 39th Regiment of the Virginia militia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRevolutionary War certificates of service, 1812-1820, include certificates and claims for Revolutionary War federal pensions. Most certificates include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Some certificates also contain details about property the applicant currently owns and debts owed as a way of proving current income. Several documents relate to the widows and heirs of soldiers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePension papers, 1816-1907, include mostly post-Revolutionary War pension applications, certificates, affidavits, and related records. Records relate primarily to Confederate veterans, but also encompass soldiers who fought in the War of 1812 and the widows and heirs of soldiers. Most papers include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Notable records include the pension papers and service records for two free black soldiers who fought for the United States during the Civil War: Thomas Festus of the 30th United States Regiment of Colored Troops and William Alexander Jones of the 24th United States Regiment of Colored Troops. Also of note was the Confederate pension application of Levi Miller, an enslaved man who was brought into the Confederate Army by his enslaver and participated in several battles.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommutation applications, 1873, consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs for Confederate soldiers wounded during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":[" Frederick County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1805-1907; undated, consist of military service records, accounts and vouchers, and claims for reimbursement by civilians and service members. These include:\n","County militia papers, 1805-1858, include militia commissions, officer recommendations, militia expenses for the 51st Regiment of the Virginia militia, and records for the 1822 court martial of Robert Gustin, commander of the 2nd Battalion of 39th Regiment of the Virginia militia.","Revolutionary War certificates of service, 1812-1820, include certificates and claims for Revolutionary War federal pensions. Most certificates include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Some certificates also contain details about property the applicant currently owns and debts owed as a way of proving current income. Several documents relate to the widows and heirs of soldiers.","Pension papers, 1816-1907, include mostly post-Revolutionary War pension applications, certificates, affidavits, and related records. Records relate primarily to Confederate veterans, but also encompass soldiers who fought in the War of 1812 and the widows and heirs of soldiers. Most papers include regiment, commanding officer names, and other details about wartime service. Notable records include the pension papers and service records for two free black soldiers who fought for the United States during the Civil War: Thomas Festus of the 30th United States Regiment of Colored Troops and William Alexander Jones of the 24th United States Regiment of Colored Troops. Also of note was the Confederate pension application of Levi Miller, an enslaved man who was brought into the Confederate Army by his enslaver and participated in several battles.\n","Commutation applications, 1873, consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs for Confederate soldiers wounded during the Civil War."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:53:27.179Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06414"}},{"id":"vi_vi05104","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick County (Va.) 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