{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Dodge%2C+Harrison+Howell%2C+1852-1937\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1858","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Dodge%2C+Harrison+Howell%2C+1852-1937\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1858\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_78.xml","title_ssm":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"title_tesim":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"unitdate_ssm":["1858-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1858-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.FR"],"text":["A.FR","Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Please contact library staff to request access to this collection. Some series or folders may be restricted due to private or sensitive information contained therein.","The collection is broken down into series based on the type of record. One series, Series 3. General, holds correspondence and subject files relevant to financial matters. Series are mostly organized alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically, but arrangement notes have been added to each for further information. Bound volumes, ledgers, and accounting books are described at the end of the collection in their own series.","List of series:\nSeries 1. Accounting\nSeries 2. Budgets\nSeries 3. General\nSeries 4. Insurance\nSeries 5. Investments\nSeries 6. Reports\nSeries 7. Taxes\nSeries 8. Bound Volumes and Oversize","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Described alphabetically; physically arranged on shelves according to size and best preservation practices.","The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union has owned and operated George Washington's home at Mount Vernon since purchasing the estate from John Augustine Washington III in 1860. The Association is composed of one Regent and 20-30 Vice Regents who serve as the executive board of this historic home. Each Vice Regent represents a different state and is responsible for fundraising and establishing interest in Mount Vernon within their state. They also make all major decisions concerning preservation, collections, visitor experience, maintenance, and finances at Mount Vernon. The MVLA does not receive any government funding and relies solely on ticket sales and donations to continue operating the site as a tourist destination. ","The Regent and Vice Regents assemble twice a year in April and October for Council, their bi-annual meetings, where they hear motions and reports concerning projects or issues at the estate. The Vice Regents also divide into committees focused on different functions and operations that rotate members every few years. Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first national organization dedicated to historic preservation in the United States, and as innovators in the field of preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of Mount Vernon, and educating people all over the world about George Washington's life and legacy. Mount Vernon is open to visitors 365 days a year. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion and tomb of Washington, but restored gardens, outbuildings, Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and orientation center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, food pavilion, and the Mount Vernon Inn restaurant. ","Note: See end of Series 1. for Box 23-24 oversize content list","-\tPapers of the Superintendent or Resident Director\n-\tPapers of the MVLA\n-\tSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports\n-\tPapers of James Rees\n-\tCouncil Minutes and Annual Reports of the MVLA\n-\tPublications and Printed Material of the MVLA\n-\tDevelopment Files","This collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.","Records pertaining to the daily exchange of money into and out of Mount Vernon through revenue and expenses. Documents include payroll lists, accounts, invoices, receipts, and deposit summaries. Many of the bound volumes and account ledgers found in Series 8. are related to accounting, but have been described separately at the end due to format and physical storage needs. Bulk dates, 1920s-1980s.","Final annual budgets and preparatory work to create the budget for each fiscal year. Inclusive dates 1936-2015.","General records concerning the finances of the MVLA including correspondence, donation and gift information, committee meeting minutes/agendas, employee records, and subject files related to finances or expenses. Inclusive dates, 1858-2000.","Insurance paperwork, policies, proposals, employee benefits information, and claims. Bulk dates, 1980s-1990s.","Employee investment plans, Mount Vernon Ladies' Association investments, and related records. Inclusive dates, 1858-2012.","Financial statements, audit reports, quarterly and annual financial reports. Inclusive dates, 1891-2001.","Tax returns and forms, tax preparation, charitable registration information. Inclusive dates, 1946-1994.","Bound and/or oversize financial records including ledgers, accounts, bound receipt books, and employee time and payroll lists. Inclusive dates 1874-1980s.","Please contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.FR"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"collection_title_tesim":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"collection_ssim":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creators_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"access_terms_ssm":["Please contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["approx. 33 Linear Feet 20 paige cartons; 4 Hollinger document boxes, 2 manuscript 11x14 boxes, binders and oversize material flat on shelves"],"extent_tesim":["approx. 33 Linear Feet 20 paige cartons; 4 Hollinger document boxes, 2 manuscript 11x14 boxes, binders and oversize material flat on shelves"],"date_range_isim":[1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease contact library staff to request access to this collection. Some series or folders may be restricted due to private or sensitive information contained therein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Please contact library staff to request access to this collection. Some series or folders may be restricted due to private or sensitive information contained therein."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is broken down into series based on the type of record. One series, Series 3. General, holds correspondence and subject files relevant to financial matters. Series are mostly organized alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically, but arrangement notes have been added to each for further information. Bound volumes, ledgers, and accounting books are described at the end of the collection in their own series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of series:\nSeries 1. Accounting\nSeries 2. Budgets\nSeries 3. General\nSeries 4. Insurance\nSeries 5. Investments\nSeries 6. Reports\nSeries 7. Taxes\nSeries 8. Bound Volumes and Oversize\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribed alphabetically; physically arranged on shelves according to size and best preservation practices.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is broken down into series based on the type of record. One series, Series 3. General, holds correspondence and subject files relevant to financial matters. Series are mostly organized alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically, but arrangement notes have been added to each for further information. Bound volumes, ledgers, and accounting books are described at the end of the collection in their own series.","List of series:\nSeries 1. Accounting\nSeries 2. Budgets\nSeries 3. General\nSeries 4. Insurance\nSeries 5. Investments\nSeries 6. Reports\nSeries 7. Taxes\nSeries 8. Bound Volumes and Oversize","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Described alphabetically; physically arranged on shelves according to size and best preservation practices."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union has owned and operated George Washington's home at Mount Vernon since purchasing the estate from John Augustine Washington III in 1860. The Association is composed of one Regent and 20-30 Vice Regents who serve as the executive board of this historic home. Each Vice Regent represents a different state and is responsible for fundraising and establishing interest in Mount Vernon within their state. They also make all major decisions concerning preservation, collections, visitor experience, maintenance, and finances at Mount Vernon. The MVLA does not receive any government funding and relies solely on ticket sales and donations to continue operating the site as a tourist destination. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Regent and Vice Regents assemble twice a year in April and October for Council, their bi-annual meetings, where they hear motions and reports concerning projects or issues at the estate. The Vice Regents also divide into committees focused on different functions and operations that rotate members every few years. Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first national organization dedicated to historic preservation in the United States, and as innovators in the field of preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of Mount Vernon, and educating people all over the world about George Washington's life and legacy. Mount Vernon is open to visitors 365 days a year. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion and tomb of Washington, but restored gardens, outbuildings, Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and orientation center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, food pavilion, and the Mount Vernon Inn restaurant. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union has owned and operated George Washington's home at Mount Vernon since purchasing the estate from John Augustine Washington III in 1860. The Association is composed of one Regent and 20-30 Vice Regents who serve as the executive board of this historic home. Each Vice Regent represents a different state and is responsible for fundraising and establishing interest in Mount Vernon within their state. They also make all major decisions concerning preservation, collections, visitor experience, maintenance, and finances at Mount Vernon. The MVLA does not receive any government funding and relies solely on ticket sales and donations to continue operating the site as a tourist destination. ","The Regent and Vice Regents assemble twice a year in April and October for Council, their bi-annual meetings, where they hear motions and reports concerning projects or issues at the estate. The Vice Regents also divide into committees focused on different functions and operations that rotate members every few years. Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first national organization dedicated to historic preservation in the United States, and as innovators in the field of preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of Mount Vernon, and educating people all over the world about George Washington's life and legacy. Mount Vernon is open to visitors 365 days a year. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion and tomb of Washington, but restored gardens, outbuildings, Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and orientation center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, food pavilion, and the Mount Vernon Inn restaurant. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Financial Records of the MVLA, Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Financial Records of the MVLA, Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNote: See end of Series 1. for Box 23-24 oversize content list\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Note: See end of Series 1. for Box 23-24 oversize content list"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e-\tPapers of the Superintendent or Resident Director\n-\tPapers of the MVLA\n-\tSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports\n-\tPapers of James Rees\n-\tCouncil Minutes and Annual Reports of the MVLA\n-\tPublications and Printed Material of the MVLA\n-\tDevelopment Files\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["-\tPapers of the Superintendent or Resident Director\n-\tPapers of the MVLA\n-\tSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports\n-\tPapers of James Rees\n-\tCouncil Minutes and Annual Reports of the MVLA\n-\tPublications and Printed Material of the MVLA\n-\tDevelopment Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords pertaining to the daily exchange of money into and out of Mount Vernon through revenue and expenses. Documents include payroll lists, accounts, invoices, receipts, and deposit summaries. Many of the bound volumes and account ledgers found in Series 8. are related to accounting, but have been described separately at the end due to format and physical storage needs. Bulk dates, 1920s-1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinal annual budgets and preparatory work to create the budget for each fiscal year. Inclusive dates 1936-2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral records concerning the finances of the MVLA including correspondence, donation and gift information, committee meeting minutes/agendas, employee records, and subject files related to finances or expenses. Inclusive dates, 1858-2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsurance paperwork, policies, proposals, employee benefits information, and claims. Bulk dates, 1980s-1990s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmployee investment plans, Mount Vernon Ladies' Association investments, and related records. Inclusive dates, 1858-2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinancial statements, audit reports, quarterly and annual financial reports. Inclusive dates, 1891-2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTax returns and forms, tax preparation, charitable registration information. Inclusive dates, 1946-1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBound and/or oversize financial records including ledgers, accounts, bound receipt books, and employee time and payroll lists. Inclusive dates 1874-1980s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.","Records pertaining to the daily exchange of money into and out of Mount Vernon through revenue and expenses. Documents include payroll lists, accounts, invoices, receipts, and deposit summaries. Many of the bound volumes and account ledgers found in Series 8. are related to accounting, but have been described separately at the end due to format and physical storage needs. Bulk dates, 1920s-1980s.","Final annual budgets and preparatory work to create the budget for each fiscal year. Inclusive dates 1936-2015.","General records concerning the finances of the MVLA including correspondence, donation and gift information, committee meeting minutes/agendas, employee records, and subject files related to finances or expenses. Inclusive dates, 1858-2000.","Insurance paperwork, policies, proposals, employee benefits information, and claims. Bulk dates, 1980s-1990s.","Employee investment plans, Mount Vernon Ladies' Association investments, and related records. Inclusive dates, 1858-2012.","Financial statements, audit reports, quarterly and annual financial reports. Inclusive dates, 1891-2001.","Tax returns and forms, tax preparation, charitable registration information. Inclusive dates, 1946-1994.","Bound and/or oversize financial records including ledgers, accounts, bound receipt books, and employee time and payroll lists. Inclusive dates 1874-1980s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Please contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"persname_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":559,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:46:39.072Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_78.xml","title_ssm":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"title_tesim":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"unitdate_ssm":["1858-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1858-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.FR"],"text":["A.FR","Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Please contact library staff to request access to this collection. Some series or folders may be restricted due to private or sensitive information contained therein.","The collection is broken down into series based on the type of record. One series, Series 3. General, holds correspondence and subject files relevant to financial matters. Series are mostly organized alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically, but arrangement notes have been added to each for further information. Bound volumes, ledgers, and accounting books are described at the end of the collection in their own series.","List of series:\nSeries 1. Accounting\nSeries 2. Budgets\nSeries 3. General\nSeries 4. Insurance\nSeries 5. Investments\nSeries 6. Reports\nSeries 7. Taxes\nSeries 8. Bound Volumes and Oversize","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Described alphabetically; physically arranged on shelves according to size and best preservation practices.","The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union has owned and operated George Washington's home at Mount Vernon since purchasing the estate from John Augustine Washington III in 1860. The Association is composed of one Regent and 20-30 Vice Regents who serve as the executive board of this historic home. Each Vice Regent represents a different state and is responsible for fundraising and establishing interest in Mount Vernon within their state. They also make all major decisions concerning preservation, collections, visitor experience, maintenance, and finances at Mount Vernon. The MVLA does not receive any government funding and relies solely on ticket sales and donations to continue operating the site as a tourist destination. ","The Regent and Vice Regents assemble twice a year in April and October for Council, their bi-annual meetings, where they hear motions and reports concerning projects or issues at the estate. The Vice Regents also divide into committees focused on different functions and operations that rotate members every few years. Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first national organization dedicated to historic preservation in the United States, and as innovators in the field of preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of Mount Vernon, and educating people all over the world about George Washington's life and legacy. Mount Vernon is open to visitors 365 days a year. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion and tomb of Washington, but restored gardens, outbuildings, Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and orientation center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, food pavilion, and the Mount Vernon Inn restaurant. ","Note: See end of Series 1. for Box 23-24 oversize content list","-\tPapers of the Superintendent or Resident Director\n-\tPapers of the MVLA\n-\tSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports\n-\tPapers of James Rees\n-\tCouncil Minutes and Annual Reports of the MVLA\n-\tPublications and Printed Material of the MVLA\n-\tDevelopment Files","This collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.","Records pertaining to the daily exchange of money into and out of Mount Vernon through revenue and expenses. Documents include payroll lists, accounts, invoices, receipts, and deposit summaries. Many of the bound volumes and account ledgers found in Series 8. are related to accounting, but have been described separately at the end due to format and physical storage needs. Bulk dates, 1920s-1980s.","Final annual budgets and preparatory work to create the budget for each fiscal year. Inclusive dates 1936-2015.","General records concerning the finances of the MVLA including correspondence, donation and gift information, committee meeting minutes/agendas, employee records, and subject files related to finances or expenses. Inclusive dates, 1858-2000.","Insurance paperwork, policies, proposals, employee benefits information, and claims. Bulk dates, 1980s-1990s.","Employee investment plans, Mount Vernon Ladies' Association investments, and related records. Inclusive dates, 1858-2012.","Financial statements, audit reports, quarterly and annual financial reports. Inclusive dates, 1891-2001.","Tax returns and forms, tax preparation, charitable registration information. Inclusive dates, 1946-1994.","Bound and/or oversize financial records including ledgers, accounts, bound receipt books, and employee time and payroll lists. Inclusive dates 1874-1980s.","Please contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.FR"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"collection_title_tesim":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"collection_ssim":["Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creators_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"access_terms_ssm":["Please contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["approx. 33 Linear Feet 20 paige cartons; 4 Hollinger document boxes, 2 manuscript 11x14 boxes, binders and oversize material flat on shelves"],"extent_tesim":["approx. 33 Linear Feet 20 paige cartons; 4 Hollinger document boxes, 2 manuscript 11x14 boxes, binders and oversize material flat on shelves"],"date_range_isim":[1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease contact library staff to request access to this collection. Some series or folders may be restricted due to private or sensitive information contained therein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Please contact library staff to request access to this collection. Some series or folders may be restricted due to private or sensitive information contained therein."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is broken down into series based on the type of record. One series, Series 3. General, holds correspondence and subject files relevant to financial matters. Series are mostly organized alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically, but arrangement notes have been added to each for further information. Bound volumes, ledgers, and accounting books are described at the end of the collection in their own series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of series:\nSeries 1. Accounting\nSeries 2. Budgets\nSeries 3. General\nSeries 4. Insurance\nSeries 5. Investments\nSeries 6. Reports\nSeries 7. Taxes\nSeries 8. Bound Volumes and Oversize\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by folder title, then chronological.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribed alphabetically; physically arranged on shelves according to size and best preservation practices.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is broken down into series based on the type of record. One series, Series 3. General, holds correspondence and subject files relevant to financial matters. Series are mostly organized alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically, but arrangement notes have been added to each for further information. Bound volumes, ledgers, and accounting books are described at the end of the collection in their own series.","List of series:\nSeries 1. Accounting\nSeries 2. Budgets\nSeries 3. General\nSeries 4. Insurance\nSeries 5. Investments\nSeries 6. Reports\nSeries 7. Taxes\nSeries 8. Bound Volumes and Oversize","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by title, then chronologically.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Alphabetical by folder title, then chronological.","Described alphabetically; physically arranged on shelves according to size and best preservation practices."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union has owned and operated George Washington's home at Mount Vernon since purchasing the estate from John Augustine Washington III in 1860. The Association is composed of one Regent and 20-30 Vice Regents who serve as the executive board of this historic home. Each Vice Regent represents a different state and is responsible for fundraising and establishing interest in Mount Vernon within their state. They also make all major decisions concerning preservation, collections, visitor experience, maintenance, and finances at Mount Vernon. The MVLA does not receive any government funding and relies solely on ticket sales and donations to continue operating the site as a tourist destination. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Regent and Vice Regents assemble twice a year in April and October for Council, their bi-annual meetings, where they hear motions and reports concerning projects or issues at the estate. The Vice Regents also divide into committees focused on different functions and operations that rotate members every few years. Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first national organization dedicated to historic preservation in the United States, and as innovators in the field of preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of Mount Vernon, and educating people all over the world about George Washington's life and legacy. Mount Vernon is open to visitors 365 days a year. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion and tomb of Washington, but restored gardens, outbuildings, Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and orientation center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, food pavilion, and the Mount Vernon Inn restaurant. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union has owned and operated George Washington's home at Mount Vernon since purchasing the estate from John Augustine Washington III in 1860. The Association is composed of one Regent and 20-30 Vice Regents who serve as the executive board of this historic home. Each Vice Regent represents a different state and is responsible for fundraising and establishing interest in Mount Vernon within their state. They also make all major decisions concerning preservation, collections, visitor experience, maintenance, and finances at Mount Vernon. The MVLA does not receive any government funding and relies solely on ticket sales and donations to continue operating the site as a tourist destination. ","The Regent and Vice Regents assemble twice a year in April and October for Council, their bi-annual meetings, where they hear motions and reports concerning projects or issues at the estate. The Vice Regents also divide into committees focused on different functions and operations that rotate members every few years. Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first national organization dedicated to historic preservation in the United States, and as innovators in the field of preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of Mount Vernon, and educating people all over the world about George Washington's life and legacy. Mount Vernon is open to visitors 365 days a year. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion and tomb of Washington, but restored gardens, outbuildings, Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and orientation center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, food pavilion, and the Mount Vernon Inn restaurant. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Financial Records of the MVLA, Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Financial Records of the MVLA, Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNote: See end of Series 1. for Box 23-24 oversize content list\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Note: See end of Series 1. for Box 23-24 oversize content list"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e-\tPapers of the Superintendent or Resident Director\n-\tPapers of the MVLA\n-\tSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports\n-\tPapers of James Rees\n-\tCouncil Minutes and Annual Reports of the MVLA\n-\tPublications and Printed Material of the MVLA\n-\tDevelopment Files\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["-\tPapers of the Superintendent or Resident Director\n-\tPapers of the MVLA\n-\tSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports\n-\tPapers of James Rees\n-\tCouncil Minutes and Annual Reports of the MVLA\n-\tPublications and Printed Material of the MVLA\n-\tDevelopment Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords pertaining to the daily exchange of money into and out of Mount Vernon through revenue and expenses. Documents include payroll lists, accounts, invoices, receipts, and deposit summaries. Many of the bound volumes and account ledgers found in Series 8. are related to accounting, but have been described separately at the end due to format and physical storage needs. Bulk dates, 1920s-1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinal annual budgets and preparatory work to create the budget for each fiscal year. Inclusive dates 1936-2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral records concerning the finances of the MVLA including correspondence, donation and gift information, committee meeting minutes/agendas, employee records, and subject files related to finances or expenses. Inclusive dates, 1858-2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsurance paperwork, policies, proposals, employee benefits information, and claims. Bulk dates, 1980s-1990s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmployee investment plans, Mount Vernon Ladies' Association investments, and related records. Inclusive dates, 1858-2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinancial statements, audit reports, quarterly and annual financial reports. Inclusive dates, 1891-2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTax returns and forms, tax preparation, charitable registration information. Inclusive dates, 1946-1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBound and/or oversize financial records including ledgers, accounts, bound receipt books, and employee time and payroll lists. Inclusive dates 1874-1980s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection holds the historic financial records of the MVLA including accounting ledgers, tax documents, insurance papers, receipts, invoices, payroll lists, annual and quarterly budgets, financial statements and reports, policies, contracts, correspondence, and other miscellaneous items. Records in this collection contain information on the Association's financial accounting, revenue, expenditures, employees and employee benefits, investments, taxes, and other financial concerns. There is a very limited amount pertaining to fundraising efforts and/or private donations, which can be found in the files of Mount Vernon's development department (currently unprocessed). Bulk date 1870s-2000s.","Records pertaining to the daily exchange of money into and out of Mount Vernon through revenue and expenses. Documents include payroll lists, accounts, invoices, receipts, and deposit summaries. Many of the bound volumes and account ledgers found in Series 8. are related to accounting, but have been described separately at the end due to format and physical storage needs. Bulk dates, 1920s-1980s.","Final annual budgets and preparatory work to create the budget for each fiscal year. Inclusive dates 1936-2015.","General records concerning the finances of the MVLA including correspondence, donation and gift information, committee meeting minutes/agendas, employee records, and subject files related to finances or expenses. Inclusive dates, 1858-2000.","Insurance paperwork, policies, proposals, employee benefits information, and claims. Bulk dates, 1980s-1990s.","Employee investment plans, Mount Vernon Ladies' Association investments, and related records. Inclusive dates, 1858-2012.","Financial statements, audit reports, quarterly and annual financial reports. Inclusive dates, 1891-2001.","Tax returns and forms, tax preparation, charitable registration information. Inclusive dates, 1946-1994.","Bound and/or oversize financial records including ledgers, accounts, bound receipt books, and employee time and payroll lists. Inclusive dates 1874-1980s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Please contact library staff to inquire about use of the content in this collection."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"persname_ssim":["Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":559,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:46:39.072Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_78"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Harrison H. Dodge Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_58.xml","title_ssm":["Harrison H. Dodge Papers"],"title_tesim":["Harrison H. Dodge Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1936"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1936"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.RM.1185","/repositories/2/resources/58"],"text":["A.RM.1185","/repositories/2/resources/58","Harrison H. Dodge Papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","This collection has been divided by format into five series. There was no pre-existing original order for the papers, so this was done mainly to facilitate housing and storage of like material. The records are described in alphabetical order by folder title. The series are:","Series 1. Papers\nSeries 2. Photographs\nSeries 3. Books\nSeries 4. Objects","Harrison Howell Dodge was born on March 31, 1852 in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Columbian College, now George Washington University, in 1871 and began working for Jay Cooke \u0026 Co., a Wall Street banking house. He returned to Washington, D.C. in 1873 and worked on indexing the Congressional Record, and later in banking and finance with Riggs \u0026 Co. In 1875 he married Elizabeth Knowlton and the couple eventually had six children. Dodge was appointed the Superintendent of Mount Vernon by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1885 and stayed in this position until his death in 1937. ","His numerous contributions and accomplishments for the preservation and restoration of Mount Vernon's Mansion and grounds cannot be overstated. During his tenure, the size of the property owned by the MVLA doubled in acreage. Fire prevention and preservation of the Mansion were a major concern and led him to write the article \"Fire Protection of the Home of Washington,\" and to oversee the installation of electric lighting to replace kerosene lamps. Dodge oversaw every detail of work and maintenance to the buildings and grounds, as well as the supervision of all employees. The restoration of the Houdon bust, the building of a sea wall to prevent erosion, and research for the redevelopment of Washington's gardens all took place during his tenure as Superintendent. In his book, Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story, Dodge relates many of his favorite stories of famous visitors to the estate, memories of Regents and Vice Regents, and his knowledge of the Washington family. ","Dodge suffered from several illnesses in his later years and finally succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage while at work on May 1, 1937. He was taken to the hospital where he died. He had been the Superintendent of Mount Vernon for 52 years, the longest term yet for that position.","Black and white, artist or photographer unknown","Three black and white prints, developed by Snappy Snap Shop Photo Service","Black and white, Tenschert (DC), photographer","Black and white images, photographers unknown","Removed from folder \"Letters of thanks for gifts of his book, 1932-1933\"","Black and white, photographer unknown","Black and white mounted on board, photographer unknown","Black and white mounted on board, copyright Henry G. Wagner, Trustee Potomac Lodge, No. 5, F.A.A.M., Georgetown, DC","Black and white mounted on board, Luke Dillon, photographer","With personal message inscribed to Harrison Dodge from the author.","Signed \"Property of H.H. Dodge\" inside the cover. This book was dedicated to Harrison Dodge.","Notes on the inside cover and signed by Mrs. Dodge.","Inscribed \"Harrison H. Dodge, Member\" on the reverse. Attached to ribbon (frayed and fragile) with bronze stick pin.","Man in the photo is possibly Harrison Dodge","Nails with envelope that reads \"Hand wrought nails, salvaged Feb. 1928 from Abingdon, the birth-place of Nelly Custis (House being wrecked)\"","The original donation included 31 books relating to George Washington and Mount Vernon, as well as copies of the MVLA Annual Reports and Minutes of the Council. Most of these were incorporated into the library's general collection and series of duplicate Annual Reports and Minutes.","Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nMinutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the MVLA\nSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports, 1885-1967\nBook, \"Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story\" by Harrison H. Dodge, 1932","The Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.","An addition of three books and a pair of silhouette portraits was made in 2023. Two oral history audio recordings by Dodge's daughter, Anna Heiberg, were transferred to the AV collection.","With signatures of U.S. Presidents and politicians including Chester Arthur, Robert Todd Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison and Caroline Scott Harrison","Mansion exteriors and grounds by Luke Dillon including S.W. View of Mansion, Tomb of Washington (2 different views), Butler's House, West View (West Front – 2 different views), North Gate, West View (with West Gate), East View (East Front), Summer House","Cabinet cards – Mansion interiors by Luke Dillon including Pennsylvania Room, Maine Room, West Virginia Room, New Jersey Room, Florida Room, Maryland Room (Bedchamber of Eleanor Custis), Hall and Stairway, Georgia Room (Lady Washington's Sitting Room), New York Room (New Room), Key of the Bastille, Mrs. Washington's Bedchamber, Massachusetts Room (Study), Kitchen of Mount Vernon, Ohio Room (Nellie Custis Music Room), Washington's Room and bed on which he died, District of Columbia Room, North Carolina Room, Illinois Room","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Sackett, Henry Ackley","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.RM.1185","/repositories/2/resources/58"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harrison H. Dodge Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harrison H. Dodge Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Harrison H. Dodge Papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creator_ssim":["Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creators_ssim":["Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["approx. 5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["approx. 5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been divided by format into five series. There was no pre-existing original order for the papers, so this was done mainly to facilitate housing and storage of like material. The records are described in alphabetical order by folder title. The series are:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Papers\nSeries 2. Photographs\nSeries 3. Books\nSeries 4. Objects\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been divided by format into five series. There was no pre-existing original order for the papers, so this was done mainly to facilitate housing and storage of like material. The records are described in alphabetical order by folder title. The series are:","Series 1. Papers\nSeries 2. Photographs\nSeries 3. Books\nSeries 4. Objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarrison Howell Dodge was born on March 31, 1852 in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Columbian College, now George Washington University, in 1871 and began working for Jay Cooke \u0026amp; Co., a Wall Street banking house. He returned to Washington, D.C. in 1873 and worked on indexing the Congressional Record, and later in banking and finance with Riggs \u0026amp; Co. In 1875 he married Elizabeth Knowlton and the couple eventually had six children. Dodge was appointed the Superintendent of Mount Vernon by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1885 and stayed in this position until his death in 1937. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis numerous contributions and accomplishments for the preservation and restoration of Mount Vernon's Mansion and grounds cannot be overstated. During his tenure, the size of the property owned by the MVLA doubled in acreage. Fire prevention and preservation of the Mansion were a major concern and led him to write the article \"Fire Protection of the Home of Washington,\" and to oversee the installation of electric lighting to replace kerosene lamps. Dodge oversaw every detail of work and maintenance to the buildings and grounds, as well as the supervision of all employees. The restoration of the Houdon bust, the building of a sea wall to prevent erosion, and research for the redevelopment of Washington's gardens all took place during his tenure as Superintendent. In his book, Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story, Dodge relates many of his favorite stories of famous visitors to the estate, memories of Regents and Vice Regents, and his knowledge of the Washington family. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDodge suffered from several illnesses in his later years and finally succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage while at work on May 1, 1937. He was taken to the hospital where he died. He had been the Superintendent of Mount Vernon for 52 years, the longest term yet for that position.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Harrison Howell Dodge was born on March 31, 1852 in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Columbian College, now George Washington University, in 1871 and began working for Jay Cooke \u0026 Co., a Wall Street banking house. He returned to Washington, D.C. in 1873 and worked on indexing the Congressional Record, and later in banking and finance with Riggs \u0026 Co. In 1875 he married Elizabeth Knowlton and the couple eventually had six children. Dodge was appointed the Superintendent of Mount Vernon by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1885 and stayed in this position until his death in 1937. ","His numerous contributions and accomplishments for the preservation and restoration of Mount Vernon's Mansion and grounds cannot be overstated. During his tenure, the size of the property owned by the MVLA doubled in acreage. Fire prevention and preservation of the Mansion were a major concern and led him to write the article \"Fire Protection of the Home of Washington,\" and to oversee the installation of electric lighting to replace kerosene lamps. Dodge oversaw every detail of work and maintenance to the buildings and grounds, as well as the supervision of all employees. The restoration of the Houdon bust, the building of a sea wall to prevent erosion, and research for the redevelopment of Washington's gardens all took place during his tenure as Superintendent. In his book, Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story, Dodge relates many of his favorite stories of famous visitors to the estate, memories of Regents and Vice Regents, and his knowledge of the Washington family. ","Dodge suffered from several illnesses in his later years and finally succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage while at work on May 1, 1937. He was taken to the hospital where he died. He had been the Superintendent of Mount Vernon for 52 years, the longest term yet for that position."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, artist or photographer unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree black and white prints, developed by Snappy Snap Shop Photo Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, Tenschert (DC), photographer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white images, photographers unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemoved from folder \"Letters of thanks for gifts of his book, 1932-1933\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, photographer unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white mounted on board, photographer unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white mounted on board, copyright Henry G. Wagner, Trustee Potomac Lodge, No. 5, F.A.A.M., Georgetown, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white mounted on board, Luke Dillon, photographer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith personal message inscribed to Harrison Dodge from the author.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned \"Property of H.H. Dodge\" inside the cover. This book was dedicated to Harrison Dodge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes on the inside cover and signed by Mrs. Dodge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed \"Harrison H. Dodge, Member\" on the reverse. Attached to ribbon (frayed and fragile) with bronze stick pin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMan in the photo is possibly Harrison Dodge\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNails with envelope that reads \"Hand wrought nails, salvaged Feb. 1928 from Abingdon, the birth-place of Nelly Custis (House being wrecked)\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Black and white, artist or photographer unknown","Three black and white prints, developed by Snappy Snap Shop Photo Service","Black and white, Tenschert (DC), photographer","Black and white images, photographers unknown","Removed from folder \"Letters of thanks for gifts of his book, 1932-1933\"","Black and white, photographer unknown","Black and white mounted on board, photographer unknown","Black and white mounted on board, copyright Henry G. Wagner, Trustee Potomac Lodge, No. 5, F.A.A.M., Georgetown, DC","Black and white mounted on board, Luke Dillon, photographer","With personal message inscribed to Harrison Dodge from the author.","Signed \"Property of H.H. Dodge\" inside the cover. This book was dedicated to Harrison Dodge.","Notes on the inside cover and signed by Mrs. Dodge.","Inscribed \"Harrison H. Dodge, Member\" on the reverse. Attached to ribbon (frayed and fragile) with bronze stick pin.","Man in the photo is possibly Harrison Dodge","Nails with envelope that reads \"Hand wrought nails, salvaged Feb. 1928 from Abingdon, the birth-place of Nelly Custis (House being wrecked)\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Papers of Harrison H. Dodge, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. 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Most of these were incorporated into the library's general collection and series of duplicate Annual Reports and Minutes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nMinutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the MVLA\nSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports, 1885-1967\nBook, \"Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story\" by Harrison H. Dodge, 1932\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nMinutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the MVLA\nSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports, 1885-1967\nBook, \"Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story\" by Harrison H. Dodge, 1932"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn addition of three books and a pair of silhouette portraits was made in 2023. Two oral history audio recordings by Dodge's daughter, Anna Heiberg, were transferred to the AV collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith signatures of U.S. Presidents and politicians including Chester Arthur, Robert Todd Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison and Caroline Scott Harrison\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMansion exteriors and grounds by Luke Dillon including S.W. View of Mansion, Tomb of Washington (2 different views), Butler's House, West View (West Front – 2 different views), North Gate, West View (with West Gate), East View (East Front), Summer House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCabinet cards – Mansion interiors by Luke Dillon including Pennsylvania Room, Maine Room, West Virginia Room, New Jersey Room, Florida Room, Maryland Room (Bedchamber of Eleanor Custis), Hall and Stairway, Georgia Room (Lady Washington's Sitting Room), New York Room (New Room), Key of the Bastille, Mrs. Washington's Bedchamber, Massachusetts Room (Study), Kitchen of Mount Vernon, Ohio Room (Nellie Custis Music Room), Washington's Room and bed on which he died, District of Columbia Room, North Carolina Room, Illinois Room\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.","An addition of three books and a pair of silhouette portraits was made in 2023. Two oral history audio recordings by Dodge's daughter, Anna Heiberg, were transferred to the AV collection.","With signatures of U.S. Presidents and politicians including Chester Arthur, Robert Todd Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison and Caroline Scott Harrison","Mansion exteriors and grounds by Luke Dillon including S.W. 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Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","This collection has been divided by format into five series. There was no pre-existing original order for the papers, so this was done mainly to facilitate housing and storage of like material. The records are described in alphabetical order by folder title. The series are:","Series 1. Papers\nSeries 2. Photographs\nSeries 3. Books\nSeries 4. Objects","Harrison Howell Dodge was born on March 31, 1852 in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Columbian College, now George Washington University, in 1871 and began working for Jay Cooke \u0026 Co., a Wall Street banking house. He returned to Washington, D.C. in 1873 and worked on indexing the Congressional Record, and later in banking and finance with Riggs \u0026 Co. In 1875 he married Elizabeth Knowlton and the couple eventually had six children. Dodge was appointed the Superintendent of Mount Vernon by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1885 and stayed in this position until his death in 1937. ","His numerous contributions and accomplishments for the preservation and restoration of Mount Vernon's Mansion and grounds cannot be overstated. During his tenure, the size of the property owned by the MVLA doubled in acreage. Fire prevention and preservation of the Mansion were a major concern and led him to write the article \"Fire Protection of the Home of Washington,\" and to oversee the installation of electric lighting to replace kerosene lamps. Dodge oversaw every detail of work and maintenance to the buildings and grounds, as well as the supervision of all employees. The restoration of the Houdon bust, the building of a sea wall to prevent erosion, and research for the redevelopment of Washington's gardens all took place during his tenure as Superintendent. In his book, Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story, Dodge relates many of his favorite stories of famous visitors to the estate, memories of Regents and Vice Regents, and his knowledge of the Washington family. ","Dodge suffered from several illnesses in his later years and finally succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage while at work on May 1, 1937. He was taken to the hospital where he died. 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Attached to ribbon (frayed and fragile) with bronze stick pin.","Man in the photo is possibly Harrison Dodge","Nails with envelope that reads \"Hand wrought nails, salvaged Feb. 1928 from Abingdon, the birth-place of Nelly Custis (House being wrecked)\"","The original donation included 31 books relating to George Washington and Mount Vernon, as well as copies of the MVLA Annual Reports and Minutes of the Council. Most of these were incorporated into the library's general collection and series of duplicate Annual Reports and Minutes.","Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nMinutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the MVLA\nSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports, 1885-1967\nBook, \"Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story\" by Harrison H. Dodge, 1932","The Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.","An addition of three books and a pair of silhouette portraits was made in 2023. Two oral history audio recordings by Dodge's daughter, Anna Heiberg, were transferred to the AV collection.","With signatures of U.S. Presidents and politicians including Chester Arthur, Robert Todd Lincoln, Rutherford B. 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Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been divided by format into five series. There was no pre-existing original order for the papers, so this was done mainly to facilitate housing and storage of like material. The records are described in alphabetical order by folder title. The series are:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Papers\nSeries 2. 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In his book, Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story, Dodge relates many of his favorite stories of famous visitors to the estate, memories of Regents and Vice Regents, and his knowledge of the Washington family. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDodge suffered from several illnesses in his later years and finally succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage while at work on May 1, 1937. He was taken to the hospital where he died. He had been the Superintendent of Mount Vernon for 52 years, the longest term yet for that position.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Harrison Howell Dodge was born on March 31, 1852 in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Columbian College, now George Washington University, in 1871 and began working for Jay Cooke \u0026 Co., a Wall Street banking house. He returned to Washington, D.C. in 1873 and worked on indexing the Congressional Record, and later in banking and finance with Riggs \u0026 Co. In 1875 he married Elizabeth Knowlton and the couple eventually had six children. Dodge was appointed the Superintendent of Mount Vernon by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1885 and stayed in this position until his death in 1937. ","His numerous contributions and accomplishments for the preservation and restoration of Mount Vernon's Mansion and grounds cannot be overstated. During his tenure, the size of the property owned by the MVLA doubled in acreage. Fire prevention and preservation of the Mansion were a major concern and led him to write the article \"Fire Protection of the Home of Washington,\" and to oversee the installation of electric lighting to replace kerosene lamps. Dodge oversaw every detail of work and maintenance to the buildings and grounds, as well as the supervision of all employees. The restoration of the Houdon bust, the building of a sea wall to prevent erosion, and research for the redevelopment of Washington's gardens all took place during his tenure as Superintendent. In his book, Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story, Dodge relates many of his favorite stories of famous visitors to the estate, memories of Regents and Vice Regents, and his knowledge of the Washington family. ","Dodge suffered from several illnesses in his later years and finally succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage while at work on May 1, 1937. He was taken to the hospital where he died. He had been the Superintendent of Mount Vernon for 52 years, the longest term yet for that position."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, artist or photographer unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree black and white prints, developed by Snappy Snap Shop Photo Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, Tenschert (DC), photographer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white images, photographers unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemoved from folder \"Letters of thanks for gifts of his book, 1932-1933\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, photographer unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white mounted on board, photographer unknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white mounted on board, copyright Henry G. 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Attached to ribbon (frayed and fragile) with bronze stick pin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMan in the photo is possibly Harrison Dodge\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNails with envelope that reads \"Hand wrought nails, salvaged Feb. 1928 from Abingdon, the birth-place of Nelly Custis (House being wrecked)\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Black and white, artist or photographer unknown","Three black and white prints, developed by Snappy Snap Shop Photo Service","Black and white, Tenschert (DC), photographer","Black and white images, photographers unknown","Removed from folder \"Letters of thanks for gifts of his book, 1932-1933\"","Black and white, photographer unknown","Black and white mounted on board, photographer unknown","Black and white mounted on board, copyright Henry G. Wagner, Trustee Potomac Lodge, No. 5, F.A.A.M., Georgetown, DC","Black and white mounted on board, Luke Dillon, photographer","With personal message inscribed to Harrison Dodge from the author.","Signed \"Property of H.H. Dodge\" inside the cover. This book was dedicated to Harrison Dodge.","Notes on the inside cover and signed by Mrs. Dodge.","Inscribed \"Harrison H. Dodge, Member\" on the reverse. Attached to ribbon (frayed and fragile) with bronze stick pin.","Man in the photo is possibly Harrison Dodge","Nails with envelope that reads \"Hand wrought nails, salvaged Feb. 1928 from Abingdon, the birth-place of Nelly Custis (House being wrecked)\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Papers of Harrison H. Dodge, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. 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Most of these were incorporated into the library's general collection and series of duplicate Annual Reports and Minutes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nMinutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the MVLA\nSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports, 1885-1967\nBook, \"Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story\" by Harrison H. Dodge, 1932\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nMinutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the MVLA\nSuperintendent's Letter Books, Diaries, and Monthly Reports, 1885-1967\nBook, \"Mount Vernon, Its Owner and Its Story\" by Harrison H. Dodge, 1932"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn addition of three books and a pair of silhouette portraits was made in 2023. Two oral history audio recordings by Dodge's daughter, Anna Heiberg, were transferred to the AV collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith signatures of U.S. Presidents and politicians including Chester Arthur, Robert Todd Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison and Caroline Scott Harrison\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMansion exteriors and grounds by Luke Dillon including S.W. View of Mansion, Tomb of Washington (2 different views), Butler's House, West View (West Front – 2 different views), North Gate, West View (with West Gate), East View (East Front), Summer House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCabinet cards – Mansion interiors by Luke Dillon including Pennsylvania Room, Maine Room, West Virginia Room, New Jersey Room, Florida Room, Maryland Room (Bedchamber of Eleanor Custis), Hall and Stairway, Georgia Room (Lady Washington's Sitting Room), New York Room (New Room), Key of the Bastille, Mrs. Washington's Bedchamber, Massachusetts Room (Study), Kitchen of Mount Vernon, Ohio Room (Nellie Custis Music Room), Washington's Room and bed on which he died, District of Columbia Room, North Carolina Room, Illinois Room\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Papers of Harrison H. Dodge is a small collection of material created and compiled by Dodge and/or his family. Types of records include correspondence, articles, family trees, news clippings, photographs, and several objects. Most of the items pertain to Dodge's time as Superintendent at Mount Vernon, however there are some personal family letters, genealogy information, and items regarding his work on a Library of Congress committee. Some genealogical records, mostly fragments and scraps of paper, may date as early as the 1770s, however the bulk of material in the collection dates from the 1880s to the 1930s. The earliest dated item in the collection is a Dodge family bible, c. 1816.","An addition of three books and a pair of silhouette portraits was made in 2023. Two oral history audio recordings by Dodge's daughter, Anna Heiberg, were transferred to the AV collection.","With signatures of U.S. Presidents and politicians including Chester Arthur, Robert Todd Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison and Caroline Scott Harrison","Mansion exteriors and grounds by Luke Dillon including S.W. View of Mansion, Tomb of Washington (2 different views), Butler's House, West View (West Front – 2 different views), North Gate, West View (with West Gate), East View (East Front), Summer House","Cabinet cards – Mansion interiors by Luke Dillon including Pennsylvania Room, Maine Room, West Virginia Room, New Jersey Room, Florida Room, Maryland Room (Bedchamber of Eleanor Custis), Hall and Stairway, Georgia Room (Lady Washington's Sitting Room), New York Room (New Room), Key of the Bastille, Mrs. Washington's Bedchamber, Massachusetts Room (Study), Kitchen of Mount Vernon, Ohio Room (Nellie Custis Music Room), Washington's Room and bed on which he died, District of Columbia Room, North Carolina Room, Illinois Room"],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Sackett, Henry Ackley"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"persname_ssim":["Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Sackett, Henry Ackley"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:53:35.669Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_58"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lily Laughton Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_22.xml","title_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1891"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22"],"text":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22","Lily Laughton Papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36","The Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton","Subseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton","Subseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other","Chronological","Chronological","Lily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. ","Mrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. ","Photography by Lamson, Portland, Maine","Photography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","M.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889","Brady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C.","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","The bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.","This collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:","•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington","Other notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney","Letters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.","Refers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.","Thanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.","Has collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.","Talks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.","Discusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.","Mostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.","Fragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850","The correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.","Has to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.","Is looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.","Discusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.","Wishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.","Sending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.","Requests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.","Thanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.","Sending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.","Sends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.","Sends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.","Letter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.","Letter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.","Personal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.","Congratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.","Thanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.","Complains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.","Complains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.","Complains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.","Is unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.","Expresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.","Says he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.","Note of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.","Discusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.","Offers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.","Writing to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.","Miss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.","Encloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.","So glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.","Wants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.","Author is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.","Looks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.","Comments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.","Worked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"","Didn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.","Is unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.","Wants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"","He will visit on November 19.","Regrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.","Letter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.","(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.","Wants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.","(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.","Has been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.","Is a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.","Says she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.","Wants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.","Requests payment for legal services.","Writing about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.","Letter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.","Incomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026 impressions…\"","Incomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.","Incomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.","As acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.","Is sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.","Tells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.","Writing to request report as promised but not received.","Is unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.","Has been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.","Gives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.","Announces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.","Looking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.","Has not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.","Looking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.","Looks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.","Thanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.","Is unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.","John A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.","Thanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.","Discusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.","Congratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.","Wants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.","Wants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.","Has decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.","So sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.","Discusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.","Agrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.","Wants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.","Sorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.","Discusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.","Wishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.","(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.","Discusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.","Wants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.","Sorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.","Discusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.","Wants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.","Was sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.","Is still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.","Telling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.","Tells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.","(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.","As treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.","(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.","Is not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.","Expresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.","Concerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.","Hopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.","The furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.","Is unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.","The Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.","Gives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.","Wants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.","Hopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.","Gives praise to Regent for all she does.","Wants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.","Is worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.","Discusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.","Glad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.","Has purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.","Sends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.","Is so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.","Has completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.","On behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.","Discusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"","He is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.","Describes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.","Thanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.","Was not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.","Encloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.","Tells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.","Discusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.","Says there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.","Thanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.","Apparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.","Tells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.","Discusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.","Is unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.","Discusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.","Thanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.","Wants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.","Thanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.","Is concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.","Gave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.","Has been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.","Personal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.","Was surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.","Encloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.","Must decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"","Discusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.","Congratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.","Regrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.","Gives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.","His company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.","Could not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.","Hopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.","This is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.","Sorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.","(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.","Discusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.","Has been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.","Tells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.","Recommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Tells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.","Pledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)","Appeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.","Invitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.","Note regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.","Gives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.","Is a listing of expenditures and receipts.","List of expenses and receipts.","Tells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.","He had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)","Called for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.","(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.","Reports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.","Much discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.","Gives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.","So appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.","Talked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.","Note concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.","\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"","Letters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creator_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creators_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.96 Linear Feet 2 Hollinger boxes, 1 half Hollinger box, 1 oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["1.96 Linear Feet 2 Hollinger boxes, 1 half Hollinger box, 1 oversize box"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton","Subseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton","Subseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other","Chronological","Chronological"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. ","Mrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotography by Lamson, Portland, Maine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eM.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Photography by Lamson, Portland, Maine","Photography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","M.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889","Brady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Papers of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Papers of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarly Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAuthor is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDidn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe will visit on November 19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests payment for legal services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026amp; impressions…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting to request report as promised but not received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnounces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTelling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives praise to Regent for all she does.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCould not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs a listing of expenditures and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of expenses and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCalled for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.","This collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:","•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington","Other notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney","Letters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.","Refers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.","Thanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.","Has collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.","Talks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.","Discusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.","Mostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.","Fragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850","The correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.","Has to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.","Is looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.","Discusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.","Wishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.","Sending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.","Requests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.","Thanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.","Sending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.","Sends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.","Sends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.","Letter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.","Letter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.","Personal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.","Congratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.","Thanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.","Complains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.","Complains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.","Complains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.","Is unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.","Expresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.","Says he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.","Note of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.","Discusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.","Offers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.","Writing to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.","Miss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.","Encloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.","So glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.","Wants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.","Author is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.","Looks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.","Comments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.","Worked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"","Didn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.","Is unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.","Wants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"","He will visit on November 19.","Regrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.","Letter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.","(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.","Wants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.","(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.","Has been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.","Is a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.","Says she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.","Wants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.","Requests payment for legal services.","Writing about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.","Letter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.","Incomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026 impressions…\"","Incomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.","Incomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.","As acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.","Is sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.","Tells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.","Writing to request report as promised but not received.","Is unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.","Has been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.","Gives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.","Announces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.","Looking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.","Has not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.","Looking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.","Looks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.","Thanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.","Is unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.","John A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.","Thanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.","Discusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.","Congratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.","Wants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.","Wants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.","Has decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.","So sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.","Discusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.","Agrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.","Wants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.","Sorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.","Discusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.","Wishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.","(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.","Discusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.","Wants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.","Sorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.","Discusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.","Wants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.","Was sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.","Is still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.","Telling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.","Tells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.","(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.","As treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.","(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.","Is not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.","Expresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.","Concerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.","Hopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.","The furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.","Is unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.","The Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.","Gives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.","Wants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.","Hopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.","Gives praise to Regent for all she does.","Wants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.","Is worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.","Discusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.","Glad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.","Has purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.","Sends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.","Is so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.","Has completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.","On behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.","Discusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"","He is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.","Describes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.","Thanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.","Was not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.","Encloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.","Tells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.","Discusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.","Says there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.","Thanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.","Apparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.","Tells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.","Discusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.","Is unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.","Discusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.","Thanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.","Wants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.","Thanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.","Is concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.","Gave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.","Has been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.","Personal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.","Was surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.","Encloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.","Must decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"","Discusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.","Congratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.","Regrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.","Gives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.","His company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.","Could not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.","Hopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.","This is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.","Sorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.","(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.","Discusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.","Has been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.","Tells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.","Recommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Tells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.","Pledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)","Appeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.","Invitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.","Note regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.","Gives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.","Is a listing of expenditures and receipts.","List of expenses and receipts.","Tells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.","He had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)","Called for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.","(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.","Reports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.","Much discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.","Gives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.","So appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.","Talked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.","Note concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.","\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"","Letters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"persname_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":256,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_22.xml","title_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1891"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22"],"text":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22","Lily Laughton Papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36","The Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton","Subseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton","Subseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other","Chronological","Chronological","Lily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. ","Mrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. ","Photography by Lamson, Portland, Maine","Photography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","M.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889","Brady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C.","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","The bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.","This collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:","•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington","Other notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney","Letters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.","Refers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.","Thanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.","Has collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.","Talks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.","Discusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.","Mostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.","Fragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850","The correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.","Has to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.","Is looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.","Discusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.","Wishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.","Sending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.","Requests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.","Thanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.","Sending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.","Sends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.","Sends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.","Letter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.","Letter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.","Personal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.","Congratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.","Thanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.","Complains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.","Complains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.","Complains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.","Is unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.","Expresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.","Says he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.","Note of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.","Discusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.","Offers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.","Writing to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.","Miss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.","Encloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.","So glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.","Wants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.","Author is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.","Looks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.","Comments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.","Worked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"","Didn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.","Is unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.","Wants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"","He will visit on November 19.","Regrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.","Letter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.","(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.","Wants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.","(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.","Has been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.","Is a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.","Says she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.","Wants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.","Requests payment for legal services.","Writing about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.","Letter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.","Incomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026 impressions…\"","Incomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.","Incomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.","As acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.","Is sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.","Tells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.","Writing to request report as promised but not received.","Is unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.","Has been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.","Gives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.","Announces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.","Looking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.","Has not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.","Looking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.","Looks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.","Thanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.","Is unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.","John A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.","Thanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.","Discusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.","Congratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.","Wants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.","Wants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.","Has decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.","So sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.","Discusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.","Agrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.","Wants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.","Sorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.","Discusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.","Wishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.","(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.","Discusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.","Wants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.","Sorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.","Discusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.","Wants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.","Was sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.","Is still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.","Telling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.","Tells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.","(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.","As treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.","(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.","Is not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.","Expresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.","Concerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.","Hopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.","The furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.","Is unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.","The Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.","Gives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.","Wants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.","Hopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.","Gives praise to Regent for all she does.","Wants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.","Is worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.","Discusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.","Glad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.","Has purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.","Sends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.","Is so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.","Has completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.","On behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.","Discusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"","He is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.","Describes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.","Thanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.","Was not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.","Encloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.","Tells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.","Discusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.","Says there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.","Thanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.","Apparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.","Tells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.","Discusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.","Is unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.","Discusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.","Thanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.","Wants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.","Thanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.","Is concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.","Gave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.","Has been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.","Personal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.","Was surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.","Encloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.","Must decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"","Discusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.","Congratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.","Regrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.","Gives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.","His company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.","Could not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.","Hopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.","This is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.","Sorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.","(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.","Discusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.","Has been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.","Tells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.","Recommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Tells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.","Pledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)","Appeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.","Invitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.","Note regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.","Gives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.","Is a listing of expenditures and receipts.","List of expenses and receipts.","Tells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.","He had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)","Called for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.","(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.","Reports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.","Much discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.","Gives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.","So appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.","Talked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.","Note concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.","\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"","Letters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creator_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creators_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.96 Linear Feet 2 Hollinger boxes, 1 half Hollinger box, 1 oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["1.96 Linear Feet 2 Hollinger boxes, 1 half Hollinger box, 1 oversize box"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton","Subseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton","Subseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other","Chronological","Chronological"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. ","Mrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotography by Lamson, Portland, Maine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eM.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Photography by Lamson, Portland, Maine","Photography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","M.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889","Brady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Papers of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Papers of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarly Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAuthor is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDidn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe will visit on November 19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests payment for legal services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026amp; impressions…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting to request report as promised but not received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnounces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTelling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives praise to Regent for all she does.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCould not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs a listing of expenditures and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of expenses and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCalled for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.","This collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:","•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington","Other notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney","Letters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.","Refers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.","Thanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.","Has collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.","Talks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.","Discusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.","Mostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.","Fragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850","The correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.","Has to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.","Is looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.","Discusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.","Wishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.","Sending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.","Requests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.","Thanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.","Sending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.","Sends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.","Sends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.","Letter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.","Letter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.","Personal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.","Congratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.","Thanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.","Complains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.","Complains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.","Complains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.","Is unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.","Expresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.","Says he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.","Note of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.","Discusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.","Offers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.","Writing to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.","Miss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.","Encloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.","So glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.","Wants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.","Author is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.","Looks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.","Comments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.","Worked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"","Didn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.","Is unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.","Wants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"","He will visit on November 19.","Regrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.","Letter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.","(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.","Wants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.","(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.","Has been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.","Is a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.","Says she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.","Wants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.","Requests payment for legal services.","Writing about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.","Letter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.","Incomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026 impressions…\"","Incomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.","Incomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.","As acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.","Is sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.","Tells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.","Writing to request report as promised but not received.","Is unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.","Has been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.","Gives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.","Announces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.","Looking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.","Has not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.","Looking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.","Looks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.","Thanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.","Is unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.","John A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.","Thanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.","Discusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.","Congratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.","Wants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.","Wants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.","Has decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.","So sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.","Discusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.","Agrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.","Wants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.","Sorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.","Discusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.","Wishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.","(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.","Discusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.","Wants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.","Sorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.","Discusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.","Wants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.","Was sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.","Is still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.","Telling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.","Tells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.","(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.","As treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.","(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.","Is not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.","Expresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.","Concerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.","Hopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.","The furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.","Is unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.","The Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.","Gives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.","Wants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.","Hopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.","Gives praise to Regent for all she does.","Wants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.","Is worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.","Discusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.","Glad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.","Has purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.","Sends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.","Is so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.","Has completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.","On behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.","Discusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"","He is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.","Describes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.","Thanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.","Was not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.","Encloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.","Tells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.","Discusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.","Says there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.","Thanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.","Apparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.","Tells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.","Discusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.","Is unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.","Discusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.","Thanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.","Wants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.","Thanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.","Is concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.","Gave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.","Has been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.","Personal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.","Was surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.","Encloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.","Must decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"","Discusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.","Congratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.","Regrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.","Gives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.","His company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.","Could not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.","Hopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.","This is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.","Sorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.","(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.","Discusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.","Has been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.","Tells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.","Recommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Tells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.","Pledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)","Appeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.","Invitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.","Note regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.","Gives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.","Is a listing of expenditures and receipts.","List of expenses and receipts.","Tells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.","He had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)","Called for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.","(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.","Reports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.","Much discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.","Gives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.","So appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.","Talked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.","Note concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.","\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"","Letters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"persname_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":256,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. Most of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_45.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.SRD","/repositories/2/resources/45"],"text":["A.SRD","/repositories/2/resources/45","Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director","This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. According to the policies of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, certain records in the archives may only be available for research 30 years after creation or file date. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.","This collection has been divided into 8 series. The first two series contain administrative and subject files that overlap through the terms of multiple Superintendents or Resident Directors. The next six series are in chronological order by service and are named for the corresponding man. Photographs and oversize material are filed at the end of the collection.","List of Series:\nSeries 1. Administrative Files\nSeries 2. Subject Files\nSeries 3. Harrison H. Dodge \nSeries 4. Charles C. Wall\nSeries 5. Harrison Symmes\nSeries 6. John A. Castellani\nSeries 7. John E. Harbour\nSeries 8. Neil W. Horstman","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","The position of Superintendent of Mount Vernon, also called \"Secretary\" in the earlier years of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, was created in 1860 when Colonel Upton Herbert was hired. A veteran of the Mexican War, Herbert was recommended by John Augustine Washington III as being especially suited to assisting the MVLA. Mr. Herbert and Sarah Tracy, Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham, were largely responsible for the care and maintenance of Mount Vernon during the Civil War when the Regent and most Vice Regents were unable to travel to the estate. When hiring a new Superintendent, J. McHenry Hollingsworth in 1872, the Council explained the responsibilities of the Superintendent more thoroughly saying he \"should act as general manager of the estate; that one of the most important features in the general instructions to be given him shall be, that he shall at all times consider the dignity and comfort of the Regent; that he shall always bear in mind the deep obligations of the Association to her; and that he has been appointed for the purpose of relieving her of the very arduous duties that are so oppressive to her; that he shall keep the accounts of expenditures and receipts, which are to be at all times open to the inspection of the Regent, Vice Regents, and Advisory Committee, with whom, in all matters of perplexity, he shall consult, and be guided by their decisions.\" His salary was to be $1500 per year. ","After discovering decay in the foundations of the Mansion in 1885, the Vice Regents suspected negligence on the part of Hollingsworth. The Vice Regent from Georgia, Mrs. Eve questioned, \"Would it be too much to say that the first and greatest duty of the Superintendent is the preservation of the Mansion?\" The Council went on to pass a resolution stating that the duty of the Superintendent is to examine all parts of the Mansion and report defects to the Regent, and concluded that he should \"not at any time be ignorant of the state of the mansion.\" Harrison H. Dodge was hired later that year and remains the longest serving Superintendent (or equivalent) of Mount Vernon at 52 years. Mr. Dodge's priority was cleaning, restoring, and preserving the house and grounds. He was also particularly interested in fire safety, advocating for the installation of electricity in the Mansion to prevent any accidents from candlelight or kerosene lamps.","After Dodge's death in 1937, his assistant Charles C. Wall became the new Superintendent and later changed the position's title to Resident Director. Wall described the Superintendent's job in a book he coauthored with Gerald W. Johnson entitled Mount Vernon: The Story of a Shrine, saying the position required someone \"not exactly a farmer, yet a man acquainted with soils, seasons, and the proper handling of growing plants.\" He went on to say the director should have traits of a theatrical producer, an accountant, an antiquarian, a historian, and an ambassador, with some knowledge of engineering, carpentry, masonry, and domestic service. Wall also spent almost his entire career at Mount Vernon, retiring in 1976 after 43 years of employment at Mount Vernon. He is credited with impeccable hospitality of numerous VIP guests, overseeing major building and restoration projects, such as the reconstruction of the Greenhouse, and guiding the Estate through the years of World War II and other periods when visitation was down. He wrote extensively on George Washington and Mount Vernon, including several publications as well as internal reports and essays.","The next two decades saw four different but distinguished Directors who all brought their own gifts and talents to the position. Harrison Symmes replaced Charles Wall as Resident Director in January 1977. A World War II veteran, Symmes had also served as an Ambassador to Jordan and as President of Windham College in Vermont. Although he resigned in 1979 after only 2 ½ years in the position, he was credited by his Assistant Director, John A. Castellani, as someone who \"opened the doors to a new era of reevaluation, exploration, and change.\" Mr. Castellani succeeded Symmes as Resident Director and stayed in that role until 1984. His focus was largely on fundraising as he successfully guided Mount Vernon through a Capital Campaign effort to build a new administration and research facility on the grounds, the Ann Pamela Cunningham Building. John E. Harbour served in the position from 1984 to 1987 after several previous directorships at historic sites and museums. Harbour worked to improve research access to historic collections and update interpretation of museum exhibits. He helped implement a reorganization plan at Mount Vernon, creating a Research Department and expanding the roles of other departments including Education, Curatorial, Library, and Development. Harbour also wrote the \"Report on the Recommended Improvements to the Museum, Museum Annex and Outbuildings\" in 1986. Several major accomplishments marked the tenure of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director from 1987 to 1994, including the Historic Structures Report, the first stages of the Pioneer Farm project, and the Piscataway Park Expansion.","The Superintendents and Resident Directors have continuously lived on the grounds at Mount Vernon. Harrison Dodge stayed on the second floor of the Office Dependency (now called the Servant's Hall), with his office on the ground floor. His family lived at their home in Georgetown and he often went home on the weekends. When the Administration Building (now the Frances P. Bolton Building) was constructed, he moved into quarters on the ground floor along with his assistant, James Young. A new residence was built in 1936 for Charles Cecil Wall after he had assumed the role of Assistant Superintendent, to accommodate him and his family. This house has remained the residence for each succeeding Resident Director or President, CEO, and has undergone multiple upgrades and renovations.","Digital copies of some items from this folder are available - DA_000207\n(17 pages from the folder: Equipment - Electrical, 1922-1935 concerning the updates done to the Mansion's electricity and a central versus isolated plant)","Items from this folder are available digitally - DA_000224\n(3 black and white photographs showing the installation of lights and equipment for the Sound and Light Show, 1975-1977)","This item is available digitally - DA_000263","Items available digitally - DA_000213\n(Letter from Buzz Aldrin thanking the MVLA for hosting a nice VIP visit for the Soviet cosmonauts, 1970; news clipping concerning the cosmonauts tour of the US)","Digital copies of 3 letters from this folder are available - DA_000204\n(3 letters concerning the replacement of the lights in the Mansion with electric lighting, 1916; Also, the visit of Thomas Edison to Mount Vernon to inspect the wiring and installation)","Monthly reports for June, July, and September 1916 are available digitally - DA_000206","Digital copies of this file are available - DA_000200","This collection was arranged following the organization in which the material was found. Previous re-foldering and alphabetical arrangement in filing cabinets had been done by former library staff to a large portion of the collection. All original folder titles were kept, although the meaning of some descriptors may be lost to the current audience – for example the sequence of \"P.R.\" folder titles in Series 4, Charles Wall's papers.","- Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports 1885-1976\n- Papers of James Rees\n- Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Publications of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Audio Visual Collection","This collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. \nMost of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.","Includes items from his research on furnishing the greenhouse slave quarters.","Pen and ink drawing to show proposed drainage tunnels that were dug after a landslide in 1903. The tunnels were to prevent future erosion and landslides.","Letter from First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to the Regent, Alice Richards, May 1, 1936. Mrs. Roosevelt confirms she will visit Mount Vernon for tea and handwrites a message about the President's attendance at the bottom.","1933 document titled \"How to See Mount Vernon in one day.\"","Letter from President Dwight Eisenhower to Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director, thanking him for his recent visit to Mount Vernon. June 23, 1958.","These photographs were removed from folders within the collection for preservation purposes. Removal slips have been placed in their exact location within the folder to mark their withdrawal. Folder titles in this section correspond to the files with withdrawn photographs.","6 color Polaroid photos of the emptying of the CO2 tanks in front of the Mansion.","5 small color photographs of gardens adhered to a page and labeled \"Views of the Mount Vernon Garden Replica, American Museum in Britain by Mrs. Labouisse, May 1968.\"","2 color snapshot photographs – 1 shows the author (?) feeding a bird","Black and white photograph of the Mount Vernon Board of Visitors, 1939. Image is labeled on the reverse.","Color photographs showing different views of the estate and Mansion rooms, ca. 1984","Black and white photographs of Rosemont, Ann Pamela Cunningham's home, a portrait of Cunningham, and her grave.","Two slides and two transparencies of images from the Garden Book","Black and white photograph of a with wrought iron bench. The letter \"C\" has been written at the center bottom of the image.","Black and white photograph of the well house with a woman inside by the well, circa 1895. Reverse side says that it was taken by photographer Francis B. Johnston.","3 black and white photographs taken in September 1925 of the historic home of Menokin, Virginia","Black and white photographs of the view from Mount Vernon and the Maryland shore, ca. 1960s.","Small black and white or sepia photograph showing the memorial tablet placed at Pohick Church, undated","Group of black and white photographs all stamped \"International News Photo\" on the reverse, showing people touring the Mansion and grounds of Mount Vernon. Many of the tourists are military personnel in uniform, 1940-1944.","Small black and white photograph of people in costume for the Fourth of July at Mount Vernon","Color photographs showing trees cut for lumber and the making of shingles, 1973","Black and white photograph of MVLA Regent, Mrs. Guy with other ceremony participants, laying the wreath on the slave memorial, 1983","3 black and white photographs of the Sound and Light construction, taken by Robert Fisher, October 1975","Black and white and color prints, as well as negatives and transparencies, of the Texas Gate, the Texas Gate plaques, and its \"historic bricks\" given in honor of donor support.","3 color 8 x 10 photos showing a memorial tree planting by Ambassador Brewster at Washington Old Hall in Newcastle, UK. Also, 1 color slide showing a man at Mount Vernon beside the tree seedling, 1977-1978","3 black and white 8 x 10 photographs taken during President Kennedy's party for the President of Pakistan at Mount Vernon, 1961","Small black and white photograph of two men, one guest and one guard, in front of Washington's tomb. Writing beneath the image reads \"Col. William G. Edens and Guard at Washington's tomb, Mount Vernon, VA., May 1936.\"","3 small black and white photographs of Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 1956 – subject referred to in letter","Black and white print with two photographs – one image shows painters working on the exterior of the Mansion, the other image shows a newly painted Mansion exterior.","One black and white photo and three black and white postcards showing the exterior of Mount Vernon. The postcards have a caption commemorating GW's Bicentennial, 1932.","15 different sized black and white photograph prints from various dates and events. Subjects include visitors and employees around Mount Vernon estate, and a ceremony at Ann Pamela Cunningham's tomb. These photographs were all included in a folder of Walter Densmore's papers.","Black and white photographic print showing a group of people standing in front of the Little Hatchet Tavern (now the Mount Vernon Inn) with sign and bus in the background. The assitant to the resident director, Walter Densmore, is seen second from left. Stamp on reverse reads \"Photographed by the official photographer Memphis City Beautiful Commission.\" 1955.","Black and white photographic print of the President of Ireland's visit to Mount Vernon, March 18, 1959. Standing on the east lawn with Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director.","Black and white photographic print of the dedication ceremony for a marker or memorial for Ann Pamela Cunningham at the site of Rosemont plantation in Laurens County, South Carolina. Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director appears second to the left. August 15, 1959","Black and white portrait photographs (3) of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director","2 black and white photographs showing Vice Regents and attendees at the Vaughan Party, May 1989","These photographs were loose in a box and were not part of, or removed from, another folder in the collection.","Pen and ink drawing of the proposed tunnels for prevention of landslides","Color photograph print reproduction with some hand coloring. Matted with the seal of the State of Virginia, signed by the governor and photographer Frank Dementi, \"To Mr. Charles C. Wall, From the People of Virginia\"","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Memphis (Tenn.). City Beautiful Commission","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Philibert, Estelle","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Heiberg, Harrison Howell Dodge, Jr., 1925-1990","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Young , James","Rouse, Harrison Dodge","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.SRD","/repositories/2/resources/45"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creator_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creators_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["60 Linear Feet 52 cubic feet boxes, 5 full Hollinger boxes, 3 half Hollinger boxes, and 4 oversize manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["60 Linear Feet 52 cubic feet boxes, 5 full Hollinger boxes, 3 half Hollinger boxes, and 4 oversize manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. According to the policies of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, certain records in the archives may only be available for research 30 years after creation or file date. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. According to the policies of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, certain records in the archives may only be available for research 30 years after creation or file date. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been divided into 8 series. The first two series contain administrative and subject files that overlap through the terms of multiple Superintendents or Resident Directors. The next six series are in chronological order by service and are named for the corresponding man. Photographs and oversize material are filed at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of Series:\nSeries 1. Administrative Files\nSeries 2. Subject Files\nSeries 3. Harrison H. Dodge \nSeries 4. Charles C. Wall\nSeries 5. Harrison Symmes\nSeries 6. John A. Castellani\nSeries 7. John E. Harbour\nSeries 8. Neil W. Horstman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been divided into 8 series. The first two series contain administrative and subject files that overlap through the terms of multiple Superintendents or Resident Directors. The next six series are in chronological order by service and are named for the corresponding man. Photographs and oversize material are filed at the end of the collection.","List of Series:\nSeries 1. Administrative Files\nSeries 2. Subject Files\nSeries 3. Harrison H. Dodge \nSeries 4. Charles C. Wall\nSeries 5. Harrison Symmes\nSeries 6. John A. Castellani\nSeries 7. John E. Harbour\nSeries 8. Neil W. Horstman","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe position of Superintendent of Mount Vernon, also called \"Secretary\" in the earlier years of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, was created in 1860 when Colonel Upton Herbert was hired. A veteran of the Mexican War, Herbert was recommended by John Augustine Washington III as being especially suited to assisting the MVLA. Mr. Herbert and Sarah Tracy, Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham, were largely responsible for the care and maintenance of Mount Vernon during the Civil War when the Regent and most Vice Regents were unable to travel to the estate. When hiring a new Superintendent, J. McHenry Hollingsworth in 1872, the Council explained the responsibilities of the Superintendent more thoroughly saying he \"should act as general manager of the estate; that one of the most important features in the general instructions to be given him shall be, that he shall at all times consider the dignity and comfort of the Regent; that he shall always bear in mind the deep obligations of the Association to her; and that he has been appointed for the purpose of relieving her of the very arduous duties that are so oppressive to her; that he shall keep the accounts of expenditures and receipts, which are to be at all times open to the inspection of the Regent, Vice Regents, and Advisory Committee, with whom, in all matters of perplexity, he shall consult, and be guided by their decisions.\" His salary was to be $1500 per year. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter discovering decay in the foundations of the Mansion in 1885, the Vice Regents suspected negligence on the part of Hollingsworth. The Vice Regent from Georgia, Mrs. Eve questioned, \"Would it be too much to say that the first and greatest duty of the Superintendent is the preservation of the Mansion?\" The Council went on to pass a resolution stating that the duty of the Superintendent is to examine all parts of the Mansion and report defects to the Regent, and concluded that he should \"not at any time be ignorant of the state of the mansion.\" Harrison H. Dodge was hired later that year and remains the longest serving Superintendent (or equivalent) of Mount Vernon at 52 years. Mr. Dodge's priority was cleaning, restoring, and preserving the house and grounds. He was also particularly interested in fire safety, advocating for the installation of electricity in the Mansion to prevent any accidents from candlelight or kerosene lamps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter Dodge's death in 1937, his assistant Charles C. Wall became the new Superintendent and later changed the position's title to Resident Director. Wall described the Superintendent's job in a book he coauthored with Gerald W. Johnson entitled Mount Vernon: The Story of a Shrine, saying the position required someone \"not exactly a farmer, yet a man acquainted with soils, seasons, and the proper handling of growing plants.\" He went on to say the director should have traits of a theatrical producer, an accountant, an antiquarian, a historian, and an ambassador, with some knowledge of engineering, carpentry, masonry, and domestic service. Wall also spent almost his entire career at Mount Vernon, retiring in 1976 after 43 years of employment at Mount Vernon. He is credited with impeccable hospitality of numerous VIP guests, overseeing major building and restoration projects, such as the reconstruction of the Greenhouse, and guiding the Estate through the years of World War II and other periods when visitation was down. He wrote extensively on George Washington and Mount Vernon, including several publications as well as internal reports and essays.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next two decades saw four different but distinguished Directors who all brought their own gifts and talents to the position. Harrison Symmes replaced Charles Wall as Resident Director in January 1977. A World War II veteran, Symmes had also served as an Ambassador to Jordan and as President of Windham College in Vermont. Although he resigned in 1979 after only 2 ½ years in the position, he was credited by his Assistant Director, John A. Castellani, as someone who \"opened the doors to a new era of reevaluation, exploration, and change.\" Mr. Castellani succeeded Symmes as Resident Director and stayed in that role until 1984. His focus was largely on fundraising as he successfully guided Mount Vernon through a Capital Campaign effort to build a new administration and research facility on the grounds, the Ann Pamela Cunningham Building. John E. Harbour served in the position from 1984 to 1987 after several previous directorships at historic sites and museums. Harbour worked to improve research access to historic collections and update interpretation of museum exhibits. He helped implement a reorganization plan at Mount Vernon, creating a Research Department and expanding the roles of other departments including Education, Curatorial, Library, and Development. Harbour also wrote the \"Report on the Recommended Improvements to the Museum, Museum Annex and Outbuildings\" in 1986. Several major accomplishments marked the tenure of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director from 1987 to 1994, including the Historic Structures Report, the first stages of the Pioneer Farm project, and the Piscataway Park Expansion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Superintendents and Resident Directors have continuously lived on the grounds at Mount Vernon. Harrison Dodge stayed on the second floor of the Office Dependency (now called the Servant's Hall), with his office on the ground floor. His family lived at their home in Georgetown and he often went home on the weekends. When the Administration Building (now the Frances P. Bolton Building) was constructed, he moved into quarters on the ground floor along with his assistant, James Young. A new residence was built in 1936 for Charles Cecil Wall after he had assumed the role of Assistant Superintendent, to accommodate him and his family. This house has remained the residence for each succeeding Resident Director or President, CEO, and has undergone multiple upgrades and renovations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The position of Superintendent of Mount Vernon, also called \"Secretary\" in the earlier years of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, was created in 1860 when Colonel Upton Herbert was hired. A veteran of the Mexican War, Herbert was recommended by John Augustine Washington III as being especially suited to assisting the MVLA. Mr. Herbert and Sarah Tracy, Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham, were largely responsible for the care and maintenance of Mount Vernon during the Civil War when the Regent and most Vice Regents were unable to travel to the estate. When hiring a new Superintendent, J. McHenry Hollingsworth in 1872, the Council explained the responsibilities of the Superintendent more thoroughly saying he \"should act as general manager of the estate; that one of the most important features in the general instructions to be given him shall be, that he shall at all times consider the dignity and comfort of the Regent; that he shall always bear in mind the deep obligations of the Association to her; and that he has been appointed for the purpose of relieving her of the very arduous duties that are so oppressive to her; that he shall keep the accounts of expenditures and receipts, which are to be at all times open to the inspection of the Regent, Vice Regents, and Advisory Committee, with whom, in all matters of perplexity, he shall consult, and be guided by their decisions.\" His salary was to be $1500 per year. ","After discovering decay in the foundations of the Mansion in 1885, the Vice Regents suspected negligence on the part of Hollingsworth. The Vice Regent from Georgia, Mrs. Eve questioned, \"Would it be too much to say that the first and greatest duty of the Superintendent is the preservation of the Mansion?\" The Council went on to pass a resolution stating that the duty of the Superintendent is to examine all parts of the Mansion and report defects to the Regent, and concluded that he should \"not at any time be ignorant of the state of the mansion.\" Harrison H. Dodge was hired later that year and remains the longest serving Superintendent (or equivalent) of Mount Vernon at 52 years. Mr. Dodge's priority was cleaning, restoring, and preserving the house and grounds. He was also particularly interested in fire safety, advocating for the installation of electricity in the Mansion to prevent any accidents from candlelight or kerosene lamps.","After Dodge's death in 1937, his assistant Charles C. Wall became the new Superintendent and later changed the position's title to Resident Director. Wall described the Superintendent's job in a book he coauthored with Gerald W. Johnson entitled Mount Vernon: The Story of a Shrine, saying the position required someone \"not exactly a farmer, yet a man acquainted with soils, seasons, and the proper handling of growing plants.\" He went on to say the director should have traits of a theatrical producer, an accountant, an antiquarian, a historian, and an ambassador, with some knowledge of engineering, carpentry, masonry, and domestic service. Wall also spent almost his entire career at Mount Vernon, retiring in 1976 after 43 years of employment at Mount Vernon. He is credited with impeccable hospitality of numerous VIP guests, overseeing major building and restoration projects, such as the reconstruction of the Greenhouse, and guiding the Estate through the years of World War II and other periods when visitation was down. He wrote extensively on George Washington and Mount Vernon, including several publications as well as internal reports and essays.","The next two decades saw four different but distinguished Directors who all brought their own gifts and talents to the position. Harrison Symmes replaced Charles Wall as Resident Director in January 1977. A World War II veteran, Symmes had also served as an Ambassador to Jordan and as President of Windham College in Vermont. Although he resigned in 1979 after only 2 ½ years in the position, he was credited by his Assistant Director, John A. Castellani, as someone who \"opened the doors to a new era of reevaluation, exploration, and change.\" Mr. Castellani succeeded Symmes as Resident Director and stayed in that role until 1984. His focus was largely on fundraising as he successfully guided Mount Vernon through a Capital Campaign effort to build a new administration and research facility on the grounds, the Ann Pamela Cunningham Building. John E. Harbour served in the position from 1984 to 1987 after several previous directorships at historic sites and museums. Harbour worked to improve research access to historic collections and update interpretation of museum exhibits. He helped implement a reorganization plan at Mount Vernon, creating a Research Department and expanding the roles of other departments including Education, Curatorial, Library, and Development. Harbour also wrote the \"Report on the Recommended Improvements to the Museum, Museum Annex and Outbuildings\" in 1986. Several major accomplishments marked the tenure of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director from 1987 to 1994, including the Historic Structures Report, the first stages of the Pioneer Farm project, and the Piscataway Park Expansion.","The Superintendents and Resident Directors have continuously lived on the grounds at Mount Vernon. Harrison Dodge stayed on the second floor of the Office Dependency (now called the Servant's Hall), with his office on the ground floor. His family lived at their home in Georgetown and he often went home on the weekends. When the Administration Building (now the Frances P. Bolton Building) was constructed, he moved into quarters on the ground floor along with his assistant, James Young. A new residence was built in 1936 for Charles Cecil Wall after he had assumed the role of Assistant Superintendent, to accommodate him and his family. This house has remained the residence for each succeeding Resident Director or President, CEO, and has undergone multiple upgrades and renovations."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of some items from this folder are available - DA_000207\n(17 pages from the folder: Equipment - Electrical, 1922-1935 concerning the updates done to the Mansion's electricity and a central versus isolated plant)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems from this folder are available digitally - DA_000224\n(3 black and white photographs showing the installation of lights and equipment for the Sound and Light Show, 1975-1977)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is available digitally - DA_000263\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems available digitally - DA_000213\n(Letter from Buzz Aldrin thanking the MVLA for hosting a nice VIP visit for the Soviet cosmonauts, 1970; news clipping concerning the cosmonauts tour of the US)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of 3 letters from this folder are available - DA_000204\n(3 letters concerning the replacement of the lights in the Mansion with electric lighting, 1916; Also, the visit of Thomas Edison to Mount Vernon to inspect the wiring and installation)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMonthly reports for June, July, and September 1916 are available digitally - DA_000206\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of this file are available - DA_000200\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Digital copies of some items from this folder are available - DA_000207\n(17 pages from the folder: Equipment - Electrical, 1922-1935 concerning the updates done to the Mansion's electricity and a central versus isolated plant)","Items from this folder are available digitally - DA_000224\n(3 black and white photographs showing the installation of lights and equipment for the Sound and Light Show, 1975-1977)","This item is available digitally - DA_000263","Items available digitally - DA_000213\n(Letter from Buzz Aldrin thanking the MVLA for hosting a nice VIP visit for the Soviet cosmonauts, 1970; news clipping concerning the cosmonauts tour of the US)","Digital copies of 3 letters from this folder are available - DA_000204\n(3 letters concerning the replacement of the lights in the Mansion with electric lighting, 1916; Also, the visit of Thomas Edison to Mount Vernon to inspect the wiring and installation)","Monthly reports for June, July, and September 1916 are available digitally - DA_000206","Digital copies of this file are available - DA_000200"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], The Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia. \nSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], The Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia. \nSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged following the organization in which the material was found. Previous re-foldering and alphabetical arrangement in filing cabinets had been done by former library staff to a large portion of the collection. All original folder titles were kept, although the meaning of some descriptors may be lost to the current audience – for example the sequence of \"P.R.\" folder titles in Series 4, Charles Wall's papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was arranged following the organization in which the material was found. Previous re-foldering and alphabetical arrangement in filing cabinets had been done by former library staff to a large portion of the collection. All original folder titles were kept, although the meaning of some descriptors may be lost to the current audience – for example the sequence of \"P.R.\" folder titles in Series 4, Charles Wall's papers."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e- Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports 1885-1976\n- Papers of James Rees\n- Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Publications of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Audio Visual Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["- Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports 1885-1976\n- Papers of James Rees\n- Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Publications of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Audio Visual Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. \nMost of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes items from his research on furnishing the greenhouse slave quarters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePen and ink drawing to show proposed drainage tunnels that were dug after a landslide in 1903. The tunnels were to prevent future erosion and landslides.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to the Regent, Alice Richards, May 1, 1936. Mrs. Roosevelt confirms she will visit Mount Vernon for tea and handwrites a message about the President's attendance at the bottom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1933 document titled \"How to See Mount Vernon in one day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from President Dwight Eisenhower to Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director, thanking him for his recent visit to Mount Vernon. June 23, 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs were removed from folders within the collection for preservation purposes. Removal slips have been placed in their exact location within the folder to mark their withdrawal. Folder titles in this section correspond to the files with withdrawn photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 color Polaroid photos of the emptying of the CO2 tanks in front of the Mansion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 small color photographs of gardens adhered to a page and labeled \"Views of the Mount Vernon Garden Replica, American Museum in Britain by Mrs. Labouisse, May 1968.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 color snapshot photographs – 1 shows the author (?) feeding a bird\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of the Mount Vernon Board of Visitors, 1939. Image is labeled on the reverse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photographs showing different views of the estate and Mansion rooms, ca. 1984\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of Rosemont, Ann Pamela Cunningham's home, a portrait of Cunningham, and her grave.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo slides and two transparencies of images from the Garden Book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of a with wrought iron bench. The letter \"C\" has been written at the center bottom of the image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of the well house with a woman inside by the well, circa 1895. Reverse side says that it was taken by photographer Francis B. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 black and white photographs taken in September 1925 of the historic home of Menokin, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of the view from Mount Vernon and the Maryland shore, ca. 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white or sepia photograph showing the memorial tablet placed at Pohick Church, undated\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup of black and white photographs all stamped \"International News Photo\" on the reverse, showing people touring the Mansion and grounds of Mount Vernon. Many of the tourists are military personnel in uniform, 1940-1944.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photograph of people in costume for the Fourth of July at Mount Vernon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photographs showing trees cut for lumber and the making of shingles, 1973\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of MVLA Regent, Mrs. Guy with other ceremony participants, laying the wreath on the slave memorial, 1983\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 black and white photographs of the Sound and Light construction, taken by Robert Fisher, October 1975\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white and color prints, as well as negatives and transparencies, of the Texas Gate, the Texas Gate plaques, and its \"historic bricks\" given in honor of donor support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 color 8 x 10 photos showing a memorial tree planting by Ambassador Brewster at Washington Old Hall in Newcastle, UK. Also, 1 color slide showing a man at Mount Vernon beside the tree seedling, 1977-1978\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 black and white 8 x 10 photographs taken during President Kennedy's party for the President of Pakistan at Mount Vernon, 1961\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photograph of two men, one guest and one guard, in front of Washington's tomb. Writing beneath the image reads \"Col. William G. Edens and Guard at Washington's tomb, Mount Vernon, VA., May 1936.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 small black and white photographs of Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 1956 – subject referred to in letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white print with two photographs – one image shows painters working on the exterior of the Mansion, the other image shows a newly painted Mansion exterior.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne black and white photo and three black and white postcards showing the exterior of Mount Vernon. The postcards have a caption commemorating GW's Bicentennial, 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 different sized black and white photograph prints from various dates and events. Subjects include visitors and employees around Mount Vernon estate, and a ceremony at Ann Pamela Cunningham's tomb. These photographs were all included in a folder of Walter Densmore's papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print showing a group of people standing in front of the Little Hatchet Tavern (now the Mount Vernon Inn) with sign and bus in the background. The assitant to the resident director, Walter Densmore, is seen second from left. Stamp on reverse reads \"Photographed by the official photographer Memphis City Beautiful Commission.\" 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print of the President of Ireland's visit to Mount Vernon, March 18, 1959. Standing on the east lawn with Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print of the dedication ceremony for a marker or memorial for Ann Pamela Cunningham at the site of Rosemont plantation in Laurens County, South Carolina. Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director appears second to the left. August 15, 1959\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white portrait photographs (3) of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 black and white photographs showing Vice Regents and attendees at the Vaughan Party, May 1989\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs were loose in a box and were not part of, or removed from, another folder in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePen and ink drawing of the proposed tunnels for prevention of landslides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph print reproduction with some hand coloring. Matted with the seal of the State of Virginia, signed by the governor and photographer Frank Dementi, \"To Mr. Charles C. Wall, From the People of Virginia\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. \nMost of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.","Includes items from his research on furnishing the greenhouse slave quarters.","Pen and ink drawing to show proposed drainage tunnels that were dug after a landslide in 1903. The tunnels were to prevent future erosion and landslides.","Letter from First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to the Regent, Alice Richards, May 1, 1936. Mrs. Roosevelt confirms she will visit Mount Vernon for tea and handwrites a message about the President's attendance at the bottom.","1933 document titled \"How to See Mount Vernon in one day.\"","Letter from President Dwight Eisenhower to Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director, thanking him for his recent visit to Mount Vernon. June 23, 1958.","These photographs were removed from folders within the collection for preservation purposes. Removal slips have been placed in their exact location within the folder to mark their withdrawal. Folder titles in this section correspond to the files with withdrawn photographs.","6 color Polaroid photos of the emptying of the CO2 tanks in front of the Mansion.","5 small color photographs of gardens adhered to a page and labeled \"Views of the Mount Vernon Garden Replica, American Museum in Britain by Mrs. Labouisse, May 1968.\"","2 color snapshot photographs – 1 shows the author (?) feeding a bird","Black and white photograph of the Mount Vernon Board of Visitors, 1939. Image is labeled on the reverse.","Color photographs showing different views of the estate and Mansion rooms, ca. 1984","Black and white photographs of Rosemont, Ann Pamela Cunningham's home, a portrait of Cunningham, and her grave.","Two slides and two transparencies of images from the Garden Book","Black and white photograph of a with wrought iron bench. The letter \"C\" has been written at the center bottom of the image.","Black and white photograph of the well house with a woman inside by the well, circa 1895. Reverse side says that it was taken by photographer Francis B. Johnston.","3 black and white photographs taken in September 1925 of the historic home of Menokin, Virginia","Black and white photographs of the view from Mount Vernon and the Maryland shore, ca. 1960s.","Small black and white or sepia photograph showing the memorial tablet placed at Pohick Church, undated","Group of black and white photographs all stamped \"International News Photo\" on the reverse, showing people touring the Mansion and grounds of Mount Vernon. Many of the tourists are military personnel in uniform, 1940-1944.","Small black and white photograph of people in costume for the Fourth of July at Mount Vernon","Color photographs showing trees cut for lumber and the making of shingles, 1973","Black and white photograph of MVLA Regent, Mrs. Guy with other ceremony participants, laying the wreath on the slave memorial, 1983","3 black and white photographs of the Sound and Light construction, taken by Robert Fisher, October 1975","Black and white and color prints, as well as negatives and transparencies, of the Texas Gate, the Texas Gate plaques, and its \"historic bricks\" given in honor of donor support.","3 color 8 x 10 photos showing a memorial tree planting by Ambassador Brewster at Washington Old Hall in Newcastle, UK. Also, 1 color slide showing a man at Mount Vernon beside the tree seedling, 1977-1978","3 black and white 8 x 10 photographs taken during President Kennedy's party for the President of Pakistan at Mount Vernon, 1961","Small black and white photograph of two men, one guest and one guard, in front of Washington's tomb. Writing beneath the image reads \"Col. William G. Edens and Guard at Washington's tomb, Mount Vernon, VA., May 1936.\"","3 small black and white photographs of Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 1956 – subject referred to in letter","Black and white print with two photographs – one image shows painters working on the exterior of the Mansion, the other image shows a newly painted Mansion exterior.","One black and white photo and three black and white postcards showing the exterior of Mount Vernon. The postcards have a caption commemorating GW's Bicentennial, 1932.","15 different sized black and white photograph prints from various dates and events. Subjects include visitors and employees around Mount Vernon estate, and a ceremony at Ann Pamela Cunningham's tomb. These photographs were all included in a folder of Walter Densmore's papers.","Black and white photographic print showing a group of people standing in front of the Little Hatchet Tavern (now the Mount Vernon Inn) with sign and bus in the background. The assitant to the resident director, Walter Densmore, is seen second from left. Stamp on reverse reads \"Photographed by the official photographer Memphis City Beautiful Commission.\" 1955.","Black and white photographic print of the President of Ireland's visit to Mount Vernon, March 18, 1959. Standing on the east lawn with Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director.","Black and white photographic print of the dedication ceremony for a marker or memorial for Ann Pamela Cunningham at the site of Rosemont plantation in Laurens County, South Carolina. Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director appears second to the left. August 15, 1959","Black and white portrait photographs (3) of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director","2 black and white photographs showing Vice Regents and attendees at the Vaughan Party, May 1989","These photographs were loose in a box and were not part of, or removed from, another folder in the collection.","Pen and ink drawing of the proposed tunnels for prevention of landslides","Color photograph print reproduction with some hand coloring. Matted with the seal of the State of Virginia, signed by the governor and photographer Frank Dementi, \"To Mr. Charles C. Wall, From the People of Virginia\""],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Memphis (Tenn.). City Beautiful Commission","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Philibert, Estelle","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Heiberg, Harrison Howell Dodge, Jr., 1925-1990","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Young , James","Rouse, Harrison Dodge"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Memphis (Tenn.). City Beautiful Commission"],"persname_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Philibert, Estelle","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Heiberg, Harrison Howell Dodge, Jr., 1925-1990","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Young , James","Rouse, Harrison Dodge"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2506,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_45.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.SRD","/repositories/2/resources/45"],"text":["A.SRD","/repositories/2/resources/45","Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director","This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. According to the policies of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, certain records in the archives may only be available for research 30 years after creation or file date. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.","This collection has been divided into 8 series. The first two series contain administrative and subject files that overlap through the terms of multiple Superintendents or Resident Directors. The next six series are in chronological order by service and are named for the corresponding man. Photographs and oversize material are filed at the end of the collection.","List of Series:\nSeries 1. Administrative Files\nSeries 2. Subject Files\nSeries 3. Harrison H. Dodge \nSeries 4. Charles C. Wall\nSeries 5. Harrison Symmes\nSeries 6. John A. Castellani\nSeries 7. John E. Harbour\nSeries 8. Neil W. Horstman","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","The position of Superintendent of Mount Vernon, also called \"Secretary\" in the earlier years of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, was created in 1860 when Colonel Upton Herbert was hired. A veteran of the Mexican War, Herbert was recommended by John Augustine Washington III as being especially suited to assisting the MVLA. Mr. Herbert and Sarah Tracy, Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham, were largely responsible for the care and maintenance of Mount Vernon during the Civil War when the Regent and most Vice Regents were unable to travel to the estate. When hiring a new Superintendent, J. McHenry Hollingsworth in 1872, the Council explained the responsibilities of the Superintendent more thoroughly saying he \"should act as general manager of the estate; that one of the most important features in the general instructions to be given him shall be, that he shall at all times consider the dignity and comfort of the Regent; that he shall always bear in mind the deep obligations of the Association to her; and that he has been appointed for the purpose of relieving her of the very arduous duties that are so oppressive to her; that he shall keep the accounts of expenditures and receipts, which are to be at all times open to the inspection of the Regent, Vice Regents, and Advisory Committee, with whom, in all matters of perplexity, he shall consult, and be guided by their decisions.\" His salary was to be $1500 per year. ","After discovering decay in the foundations of the Mansion in 1885, the Vice Regents suspected negligence on the part of Hollingsworth. The Vice Regent from Georgia, Mrs. Eve questioned, \"Would it be too much to say that the first and greatest duty of the Superintendent is the preservation of the Mansion?\" The Council went on to pass a resolution stating that the duty of the Superintendent is to examine all parts of the Mansion and report defects to the Regent, and concluded that he should \"not at any time be ignorant of the state of the mansion.\" Harrison H. Dodge was hired later that year and remains the longest serving Superintendent (or equivalent) of Mount Vernon at 52 years. Mr. Dodge's priority was cleaning, restoring, and preserving the house and grounds. He was also particularly interested in fire safety, advocating for the installation of electricity in the Mansion to prevent any accidents from candlelight or kerosene lamps.","After Dodge's death in 1937, his assistant Charles C. Wall became the new Superintendent and later changed the position's title to Resident Director. Wall described the Superintendent's job in a book he coauthored with Gerald W. Johnson entitled Mount Vernon: The Story of a Shrine, saying the position required someone \"not exactly a farmer, yet a man acquainted with soils, seasons, and the proper handling of growing plants.\" He went on to say the director should have traits of a theatrical producer, an accountant, an antiquarian, a historian, and an ambassador, with some knowledge of engineering, carpentry, masonry, and domestic service. Wall also spent almost his entire career at Mount Vernon, retiring in 1976 after 43 years of employment at Mount Vernon. He is credited with impeccable hospitality of numerous VIP guests, overseeing major building and restoration projects, such as the reconstruction of the Greenhouse, and guiding the Estate through the years of World War II and other periods when visitation was down. He wrote extensively on George Washington and Mount Vernon, including several publications as well as internal reports and essays.","The next two decades saw four different but distinguished Directors who all brought their own gifts and talents to the position. Harrison Symmes replaced Charles Wall as Resident Director in January 1977. A World War II veteran, Symmes had also served as an Ambassador to Jordan and as President of Windham College in Vermont. Although he resigned in 1979 after only 2 ½ years in the position, he was credited by his Assistant Director, John A. Castellani, as someone who \"opened the doors to a new era of reevaluation, exploration, and change.\" Mr. Castellani succeeded Symmes as Resident Director and stayed in that role until 1984. His focus was largely on fundraising as he successfully guided Mount Vernon through a Capital Campaign effort to build a new administration and research facility on the grounds, the Ann Pamela Cunningham Building. John E. Harbour served in the position from 1984 to 1987 after several previous directorships at historic sites and museums. Harbour worked to improve research access to historic collections and update interpretation of museum exhibits. He helped implement a reorganization plan at Mount Vernon, creating a Research Department and expanding the roles of other departments including Education, Curatorial, Library, and Development. Harbour also wrote the \"Report on the Recommended Improvements to the Museum, Museum Annex and Outbuildings\" in 1986. Several major accomplishments marked the tenure of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director from 1987 to 1994, including the Historic Structures Report, the first stages of the Pioneer Farm project, and the Piscataway Park Expansion.","The Superintendents and Resident Directors have continuously lived on the grounds at Mount Vernon. Harrison Dodge stayed on the second floor of the Office Dependency (now called the Servant's Hall), with his office on the ground floor. His family lived at their home in Georgetown and he often went home on the weekends. When the Administration Building (now the Frances P. Bolton Building) was constructed, he moved into quarters on the ground floor along with his assistant, James Young. A new residence was built in 1936 for Charles Cecil Wall after he had assumed the role of Assistant Superintendent, to accommodate him and his family. This house has remained the residence for each succeeding Resident Director or President, CEO, and has undergone multiple upgrades and renovations.","Digital copies of some items from this folder are available - DA_000207\n(17 pages from the folder: Equipment - Electrical, 1922-1935 concerning the updates done to the Mansion's electricity and a central versus isolated plant)","Items from this folder are available digitally - DA_000224\n(3 black and white photographs showing the installation of lights and equipment for the Sound and Light Show, 1975-1977)","This item is available digitally - DA_000263","Items available digitally - DA_000213\n(Letter from Buzz Aldrin thanking the MVLA for hosting a nice VIP visit for the Soviet cosmonauts, 1970; news clipping concerning the cosmonauts tour of the US)","Digital copies of 3 letters from this folder are available - DA_000204\n(3 letters concerning the replacement of the lights in the Mansion with electric lighting, 1916; Also, the visit of Thomas Edison to Mount Vernon to inspect the wiring and installation)","Monthly reports for June, July, and September 1916 are available digitally - DA_000206","Digital copies of this file are available - DA_000200","This collection was arranged following the organization in which the material was found. Previous re-foldering and alphabetical arrangement in filing cabinets had been done by former library staff to a large portion of the collection. All original folder titles were kept, although the meaning of some descriptors may be lost to the current audience – for example the sequence of \"P.R.\" folder titles in Series 4, Charles Wall's papers.","- Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports 1885-1976\n- Papers of James Rees\n- Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Publications of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Audio Visual Collection","This collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. \nMost of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.","Includes items from his research on furnishing the greenhouse slave quarters.","Pen and ink drawing to show proposed drainage tunnels that were dug after a landslide in 1903. The tunnels were to prevent future erosion and landslides.","Letter from First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to the Regent, Alice Richards, May 1, 1936. Mrs. Roosevelt confirms she will visit Mount Vernon for tea and handwrites a message about the President's attendance at the bottom.","1933 document titled \"How to See Mount Vernon in one day.\"","Letter from President Dwight Eisenhower to Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director, thanking him for his recent visit to Mount Vernon. June 23, 1958.","These photographs were removed from folders within the collection for preservation purposes. Removal slips have been placed in their exact location within the folder to mark their withdrawal. Folder titles in this section correspond to the files with withdrawn photographs.","6 color Polaroid photos of the emptying of the CO2 tanks in front of the Mansion.","5 small color photographs of gardens adhered to a page and labeled \"Views of the Mount Vernon Garden Replica, American Museum in Britain by Mrs. Labouisse, May 1968.\"","2 color snapshot photographs – 1 shows the author (?) feeding a bird","Black and white photograph of the Mount Vernon Board of Visitors, 1939. Image is labeled on the reverse.","Color photographs showing different views of the estate and Mansion rooms, ca. 1984","Black and white photographs of Rosemont, Ann Pamela Cunningham's home, a portrait of Cunningham, and her grave.","Two slides and two transparencies of images from the Garden Book","Black and white photograph of a with wrought iron bench. The letter \"C\" has been written at the center bottom of the image.","Black and white photograph of the well house with a woman inside by the well, circa 1895. Reverse side says that it was taken by photographer Francis B. Johnston.","3 black and white photographs taken in September 1925 of the historic home of Menokin, Virginia","Black and white photographs of the view from Mount Vernon and the Maryland shore, ca. 1960s.","Small black and white or sepia photograph showing the memorial tablet placed at Pohick Church, undated","Group of black and white photographs all stamped \"International News Photo\" on the reverse, showing people touring the Mansion and grounds of Mount Vernon. Many of the tourists are military personnel in uniform, 1940-1944.","Small black and white photograph of people in costume for the Fourth of July at Mount Vernon","Color photographs showing trees cut for lumber and the making of shingles, 1973","Black and white photograph of MVLA Regent, Mrs. Guy with other ceremony participants, laying the wreath on the slave memorial, 1983","3 black and white photographs of the Sound and Light construction, taken by Robert Fisher, October 1975","Black and white and color prints, as well as negatives and transparencies, of the Texas Gate, the Texas Gate plaques, and its \"historic bricks\" given in honor of donor support.","3 color 8 x 10 photos showing a memorial tree planting by Ambassador Brewster at Washington Old Hall in Newcastle, UK. Also, 1 color slide showing a man at Mount Vernon beside the tree seedling, 1977-1978","3 black and white 8 x 10 photographs taken during President Kennedy's party for the President of Pakistan at Mount Vernon, 1961","Small black and white photograph of two men, one guest and one guard, in front of Washington's tomb. Writing beneath the image reads \"Col. William G. Edens and Guard at Washington's tomb, Mount Vernon, VA., May 1936.\"","3 small black and white photographs of Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 1956 – subject referred to in letter","Black and white print with two photographs – one image shows painters working on the exterior of the Mansion, the other image shows a newly painted Mansion exterior.","One black and white photo and three black and white postcards showing the exterior of Mount Vernon. The postcards have a caption commemorating GW's Bicentennial, 1932.","15 different sized black and white photograph prints from various dates and events. Subjects include visitors and employees around Mount Vernon estate, and a ceremony at Ann Pamela Cunningham's tomb. These photographs were all included in a folder of Walter Densmore's papers.","Black and white photographic print showing a group of people standing in front of the Little Hatchet Tavern (now the Mount Vernon Inn) with sign and bus in the background. The assitant to the resident director, Walter Densmore, is seen second from left. Stamp on reverse reads \"Photographed by the official photographer Memphis City Beautiful Commission.\" 1955.","Black and white photographic print of the President of Ireland's visit to Mount Vernon, March 18, 1959. Standing on the east lawn with Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director.","Black and white photographic print of the dedication ceremony for a marker or memorial for Ann Pamela Cunningham at the site of Rosemont plantation in Laurens County, South Carolina. Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director appears second to the left. August 15, 1959","Black and white portrait photographs (3) of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director","2 black and white photographs showing Vice Regents and attendees at the Vaughan Party, May 1989","These photographs were loose in a box and were not part of, or removed from, another folder in the collection.","Pen and ink drawing of the proposed tunnels for prevention of landslides","Color photograph print reproduction with some hand coloring. Matted with the seal of the State of Virginia, signed by the governor and photographer Frank Dementi, \"To Mr. Charles C. Wall, From the People of Virginia\"","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Memphis (Tenn.). City Beautiful Commission","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Philibert, Estelle","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Heiberg, Harrison Howell Dodge, Jr., 1925-1990","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Young , James","Rouse, Harrison Dodge","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.SRD","/repositories/2/resources/45"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creator_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"creators_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["60 Linear Feet 52 cubic feet boxes, 5 full Hollinger boxes, 3 half Hollinger boxes, and 4 oversize manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["60 Linear Feet 52 cubic feet boxes, 5 full Hollinger boxes, 3 half Hollinger boxes, and 4 oversize manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. According to the policies of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, certain records in the archives may only be available for research 30 years after creation or file date. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. According to the policies of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, certain records in the archives may only be available for research 30 years after creation or file date. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been divided into 8 series. The first two series contain administrative and subject files that overlap through the terms of multiple Superintendents or Resident Directors. The next six series are in chronological order by service and are named for the corresponding man. Photographs and oversize material are filed at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of Series:\nSeries 1. Administrative Files\nSeries 2. Subject Files\nSeries 3. Harrison H. Dodge \nSeries 4. Charles C. Wall\nSeries 5. Harrison Symmes\nSeries 6. John A. Castellani\nSeries 7. John E. Harbour\nSeries 8. Neil W. Horstman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been divided into 8 series. The first two series contain administrative and subject files that overlap through the terms of multiple Superintendents or Resident Directors. The next six series are in chronological order by service and are named for the corresponding man. Photographs and oversize material are filed at the end of the collection.","List of Series:\nSeries 1. Administrative Files\nSeries 2. Subject Files\nSeries 3. Harrison H. Dodge \nSeries 4. Charles C. Wall\nSeries 5. Harrison Symmes\nSeries 6. John A. Castellani\nSeries 7. John E. Harbour\nSeries 8. Neil W. Horstman","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically.","Alphabetically by folder title, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe position of Superintendent of Mount Vernon, also called \"Secretary\" in the earlier years of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, was created in 1860 when Colonel Upton Herbert was hired. A veteran of the Mexican War, Herbert was recommended by John Augustine Washington III as being especially suited to assisting the MVLA. Mr. Herbert and Sarah Tracy, Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham, were largely responsible for the care and maintenance of Mount Vernon during the Civil War when the Regent and most Vice Regents were unable to travel to the estate. When hiring a new Superintendent, J. McHenry Hollingsworth in 1872, the Council explained the responsibilities of the Superintendent more thoroughly saying he \"should act as general manager of the estate; that one of the most important features in the general instructions to be given him shall be, that he shall at all times consider the dignity and comfort of the Regent; that he shall always bear in mind the deep obligations of the Association to her; and that he has been appointed for the purpose of relieving her of the very arduous duties that are so oppressive to her; that he shall keep the accounts of expenditures and receipts, which are to be at all times open to the inspection of the Regent, Vice Regents, and Advisory Committee, with whom, in all matters of perplexity, he shall consult, and be guided by their decisions.\" His salary was to be $1500 per year. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter discovering decay in the foundations of the Mansion in 1885, the Vice Regents suspected negligence on the part of Hollingsworth. The Vice Regent from Georgia, Mrs. Eve questioned, \"Would it be too much to say that the first and greatest duty of the Superintendent is the preservation of the Mansion?\" The Council went on to pass a resolution stating that the duty of the Superintendent is to examine all parts of the Mansion and report defects to the Regent, and concluded that he should \"not at any time be ignorant of the state of the mansion.\" Harrison H. Dodge was hired later that year and remains the longest serving Superintendent (or equivalent) of Mount Vernon at 52 years. Mr. Dodge's priority was cleaning, restoring, and preserving the house and grounds. He was also particularly interested in fire safety, advocating for the installation of electricity in the Mansion to prevent any accidents from candlelight or kerosene lamps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter Dodge's death in 1937, his assistant Charles C. Wall became the new Superintendent and later changed the position's title to Resident Director. Wall described the Superintendent's job in a book he coauthored with Gerald W. Johnson entitled Mount Vernon: The Story of a Shrine, saying the position required someone \"not exactly a farmer, yet a man acquainted with soils, seasons, and the proper handling of growing plants.\" He went on to say the director should have traits of a theatrical producer, an accountant, an antiquarian, a historian, and an ambassador, with some knowledge of engineering, carpentry, masonry, and domestic service. Wall also spent almost his entire career at Mount Vernon, retiring in 1976 after 43 years of employment at Mount Vernon. He is credited with impeccable hospitality of numerous VIP guests, overseeing major building and restoration projects, such as the reconstruction of the Greenhouse, and guiding the Estate through the years of World War II and other periods when visitation was down. He wrote extensively on George Washington and Mount Vernon, including several publications as well as internal reports and essays.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next two decades saw four different but distinguished Directors who all brought their own gifts and talents to the position. Harrison Symmes replaced Charles Wall as Resident Director in January 1977. A World War II veteran, Symmes had also served as an Ambassador to Jordan and as President of Windham College in Vermont. Although he resigned in 1979 after only 2 ½ years in the position, he was credited by his Assistant Director, John A. Castellani, as someone who \"opened the doors to a new era of reevaluation, exploration, and change.\" Mr. Castellani succeeded Symmes as Resident Director and stayed in that role until 1984. His focus was largely on fundraising as he successfully guided Mount Vernon through a Capital Campaign effort to build a new administration and research facility on the grounds, the Ann Pamela Cunningham Building. John E. Harbour served in the position from 1984 to 1987 after several previous directorships at historic sites and museums. Harbour worked to improve research access to historic collections and update interpretation of museum exhibits. He helped implement a reorganization plan at Mount Vernon, creating a Research Department and expanding the roles of other departments including Education, Curatorial, Library, and Development. Harbour also wrote the \"Report on the Recommended Improvements to the Museum, Museum Annex and Outbuildings\" in 1986. Several major accomplishments marked the tenure of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director from 1987 to 1994, including the Historic Structures Report, the first stages of the Pioneer Farm project, and the Piscataway Park Expansion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Superintendents and Resident Directors have continuously lived on the grounds at Mount Vernon. Harrison Dodge stayed on the second floor of the Office Dependency (now called the Servant's Hall), with his office on the ground floor. His family lived at their home in Georgetown and he often went home on the weekends. When the Administration Building (now the Frances P. Bolton Building) was constructed, he moved into quarters on the ground floor along with his assistant, James Young. A new residence was built in 1936 for Charles Cecil Wall after he had assumed the role of Assistant Superintendent, to accommodate him and his family. This house has remained the residence for each succeeding Resident Director or President, CEO, and has undergone multiple upgrades and renovations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The position of Superintendent of Mount Vernon, also called \"Secretary\" in the earlier years of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, was created in 1860 when Colonel Upton Herbert was hired. A veteran of the Mexican War, Herbert was recommended by John Augustine Washington III as being especially suited to assisting the MVLA. Mr. Herbert and Sarah Tracy, Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham, were largely responsible for the care and maintenance of Mount Vernon during the Civil War when the Regent and most Vice Regents were unable to travel to the estate. When hiring a new Superintendent, J. McHenry Hollingsworth in 1872, the Council explained the responsibilities of the Superintendent more thoroughly saying he \"should act as general manager of the estate; that one of the most important features in the general instructions to be given him shall be, that he shall at all times consider the dignity and comfort of the Regent; that he shall always bear in mind the deep obligations of the Association to her; and that he has been appointed for the purpose of relieving her of the very arduous duties that are so oppressive to her; that he shall keep the accounts of expenditures and receipts, which are to be at all times open to the inspection of the Regent, Vice Regents, and Advisory Committee, with whom, in all matters of perplexity, he shall consult, and be guided by their decisions.\" His salary was to be $1500 per year. ","After discovering decay in the foundations of the Mansion in 1885, the Vice Regents suspected negligence on the part of Hollingsworth. The Vice Regent from Georgia, Mrs. Eve questioned, \"Would it be too much to say that the first and greatest duty of the Superintendent is the preservation of the Mansion?\" The Council went on to pass a resolution stating that the duty of the Superintendent is to examine all parts of the Mansion and report defects to the Regent, and concluded that he should \"not at any time be ignorant of the state of the mansion.\" Harrison H. Dodge was hired later that year and remains the longest serving Superintendent (or equivalent) of Mount Vernon at 52 years. Mr. Dodge's priority was cleaning, restoring, and preserving the house and grounds. He was also particularly interested in fire safety, advocating for the installation of electricity in the Mansion to prevent any accidents from candlelight or kerosene lamps.","After Dodge's death in 1937, his assistant Charles C. Wall became the new Superintendent and later changed the position's title to Resident Director. Wall described the Superintendent's job in a book he coauthored with Gerald W. Johnson entitled Mount Vernon: The Story of a Shrine, saying the position required someone \"not exactly a farmer, yet a man acquainted with soils, seasons, and the proper handling of growing plants.\" He went on to say the director should have traits of a theatrical producer, an accountant, an antiquarian, a historian, and an ambassador, with some knowledge of engineering, carpentry, masonry, and domestic service. Wall also spent almost his entire career at Mount Vernon, retiring in 1976 after 43 years of employment at Mount Vernon. He is credited with impeccable hospitality of numerous VIP guests, overseeing major building and restoration projects, such as the reconstruction of the Greenhouse, and guiding the Estate through the years of World War II and other periods when visitation was down. He wrote extensively on George Washington and Mount Vernon, including several publications as well as internal reports and essays.","The next two decades saw four different but distinguished Directors who all brought their own gifts and talents to the position. Harrison Symmes replaced Charles Wall as Resident Director in January 1977. A World War II veteran, Symmes had also served as an Ambassador to Jordan and as President of Windham College in Vermont. Although he resigned in 1979 after only 2 ½ years in the position, he was credited by his Assistant Director, John A. Castellani, as someone who \"opened the doors to a new era of reevaluation, exploration, and change.\" Mr. Castellani succeeded Symmes as Resident Director and stayed in that role until 1984. His focus was largely on fundraising as he successfully guided Mount Vernon through a Capital Campaign effort to build a new administration and research facility on the grounds, the Ann Pamela Cunningham Building. John E. Harbour served in the position from 1984 to 1987 after several previous directorships at historic sites and museums. Harbour worked to improve research access to historic collections and update interpretation of museum exhibits. He helped implement a reorganization plan at Mount Vernon, creating a Research Department and expanding the roles of other departments including Education, Curatorial, Library, and Development. Harbour also wrote the \"Report on the Recommended Improvements to the Museum, Museum Annex and Outbuildings\" in 1986. Several major accomplishments marked the tenure of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director from 1987 to 1994, including the Historic Structures Report, the first stages of the Pioneer Farm project, and the Piscataway Park Expansion.","The Superintendents and Resident Directors have continuously lived on the grounds at Mount Vernon. Harrison Dodge stayed on the second floor of the Office Dependency (now called the Servant's Hall), with his office on the ground floor. His family lived at their home in Georgetown and he often went home on the weekends. When the Administration Building (now the Frances P. Bolton Building) was constructed, he moved into quarters on the ground floor along with his assistant, James Young. A new residence was built in 1936 for Charles Cecil Wall after he had assumed the role of Assistant Superintendent, to accommodate him and his family. This house has remained the residence for each succeeding Resident Director or President, CEO, and has undergone multiple upgrades and renovations."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of some items from this folder are available - DA_000207\n(17 pages from the folder: Equipment - Electrical, 1922-1935 concerning the updates done to the Mansion's electricity and a central versus isolated plant)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems from this folder are available digitally - DA_000224\n(3 black and white photographs showing the installation of lights and equipment for the Sound and Light Show, 1975-1977)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is available digitally - DA_000263\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems available digitally - DA_000213\n(Letter from Buzz Aldrin thanking the MVLA for hosting a nice VIP visit for the Soviet cosmonauts, 1970; news clipping concerning the cosmonauts tour of the US)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of 3 letters from this folder are available - DA_000204\n(3 letters concerning the replacement of the lights in the Mansion with electric lighting, 1916; Also, the visit of Thomas Edison to Mount Vernon to inspect the wiring and installation)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMonthly reports for June, July, and September 1916 are available digitally - DA_000206\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of this file are available - DA_000200\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Digital copies of some items from this folder are available - DA_000207\n(17 pages from the folder: Equipment - Electrical, 1922-1935 concerning the updates done to the Mansion's electricity and a central versus isolated plant)","Items from this folder are available digitally - DA_000224\n(3 black and white photographs showing the installation of lights and equipment for the Sound and Light Show, 1975-1977)","This item is available digitally - DA_000263","Items available digitally - DA_000213\n(Letter from Buzz Aldrin thanking the MVLA for hosting a nice VIP visit for the Soviet cosmonauts, 1970; news clipping concerning the cosmonauts tour of the US)","Digital copies of 3 letters from this folder are available - DA_000204\n(3 letters concerning the replacement of the lights in the Mansion with electric lighting, 1916; Also, the visit of Thomas Edison to Mount Vernon to inspect the wiring and installation)","Monthly reports for June, July, and September 1916 are available digitally - DA_000206","Digital copies of this file are available - DA_000200"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], The Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia. \nSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], The Papers of the Superintendent and Resident Director, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia. \nSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged following the organization in which the material was found. Previous re-foldering and alphabetical arrangement in filing cabinets had been done by former library staff to a large portion of the collection. All original folder titles were kept, although the meaning of some descriptors may be lost to the current audience – for example the sequence of \"P.R.\" folder titles in Series 4, Charles Wall's papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was arranged following the organization in which the material was found. Previous re-foldering and alphabetical arrangement in filing cabinets had been done by former library staff to a large portion of the collection. All original folder titles were kept, although the meaning of some descriptors may be lost to the current audience – for example the sequence of \"P.R.\" folder titles in Series 4, Charles Wall's papers."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e- Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports 1885-1976\n- Papers of James Rees\n- Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Publications of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Audio Visual Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["- Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports 1885-1976\n- Papers of James Rees\n- Financial Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Publications of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\n- Audio Visual Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. \nMost of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes items from his research on furnishing the greenhouse slave quarters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePen and ink drawing to show proposed drainage tunnels that were dug after a landslide in 1903. The tunnels were to prevent future erosion and landslides.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to the Regent, Alice Richards, May 1, 1936. Mrs. Roosevelt confirms she will visit Mount Vernon for tea and handwrites a message about the President's attendance at the bottom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1933 document titled \"How to See Mount Vernon in one day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from President Dwight Eisenhower to Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director, thanking him for his recent visit to Mount Vernon. June 23, 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs were removed from folders within the collection for preservation purposes. Removal slips have been placed in their exact location within the folder to mark their withdrawal. Folder titles in this section correspond to the files with withdrawn photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 color Polaroid photos of the emptying of the CO2 tanks in front of the Mansion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 small color photographs of gardens adhered to a page and labeled \"Views of the Mount Vernon Garden Replica, American Museum in Britain by Mrs. Labouisse, May 1968.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 color snapshot photographs – 1 shows the author (?) feeding a bird\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of the Mount Vernon Board of Visitors, 1939. Image is labeled on the reverse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photographs showing different views of the estate and Mansion rooms, ca. 1984\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of Rosemont, Ann Pamela Cunningham's home, a portrait of Cunningham, and her grave.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo slides and two transparencies of images from the Garden Book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of a with wrought iron bench. The letter \"C\" has been written at the center bottom of the image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of the well house with a woman inside by the well, circa 1895. Reverse side says that it was taken by photographer Francis B. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 black and white photographs taken in September 1925 of the historic home of Menokin, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of the view from Mount Vernon and the Maryland shore, ca. 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white or sepia photograph showing the memorial tablet placed at Pohick Church, undated\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup of black and white photographs all stamped \"International News Photo\" on the reverse, showing people touring the Mansion and grounds of Mount Vernon. Many of the tourists are military personnel in uniform, 1940-1944.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photograph of people in costume for the Fourth of July at Mount Vernon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photographs showing trees cut for lumber and the making of shingles, 1973\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of MVLA Regent, Mrs. Guy with other ceremony participants, laying the wreath on the slave memorial, 1983\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 black and white photographs of the Sound and Light construction, taken by Robert Fisher, October 1975\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white and color prints, as well as negatives and transparencies, of the Texas Gate, the Texas Gate plaques, and its \"historic bricks\" given in honor of donor support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 color 8 x 10 photos showing a memorial tree planting by Ambassador Brewster at Washington Old Hall in Newcastle, UK. Also, 1 color slide showing a man at Mount Vernon beside the tree seedling, 1977-1978\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 black and white 8 x 10 photographs taken during President Kennedy's party for the President of Pakistan at Mount Vernon, 1961\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photograph of two men, one guest and one guard, in front of Washington's tomb. Writing beneath the image reads \"Col. William G. Edens and Guard at Washington's tomb, Mount Vernon, VA., May 1936.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 small black and white photographs of Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 1956 – subject referred to in letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white print with two photographs – one image shows painters working on the exterior of the Mansion, the other image shows a newly painted Mansion exterior.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne black and white photo and three black and white postcards showing the exterior of Mount Vernon. The postcards have a caption commemorating GW's Bicentennial, 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 different sized black and white photograph prints from various dates and events. Subjects include visitors and employees around Mount Vernon estate, and a ceremony at Ann Pamela Cunningham's tomb. These photographs were all included in a folder of Walter Densmore's papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print showing a group of people standing in front of the Little Hatchet Tavern (now the Mount Vernon Inn) with sign and bus in the background. The assitant to the resident director, Walter Densmore, is seen second from left. Stamp on reverse reads \"Photographed by the official photographer Memphis City Beautiful Commission.\" 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print of the President of Ireland's visit to Mount Vernon, March 18, 1959. Standing on the east lawn with Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print of the dedication ceremony for a marker or memorial for Ann Pamela Cunningham at the site of Rosemont plantation in Laurens County, South Carolina. Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director appears second to the left. August 15, 1959\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white portrait photographs (3) of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 black and white photographs showing Vice Regents and attendees at the Vaughan Party, May 1989\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs were loose in a box and were not part of, or removed from, another folder in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePen and ink drawing of the proposed tunnels for prevention of landslides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph print reproduction with some hand coloring. Matted with the seal of the State of Virginia, signed by the governor and photographer Frank Dementi, \"To Mr. Charles C. Wall, From the People of Virginia\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection combines the papers and files of each Superintendent or Resident Director listed under \"Creators,\" as well as their office staff, assistants, and other Mount Vernon personnel. The bulk of this collection consists of correspondence to and from each Superintendent or Resident Director. Other types of material include reports, essays, memos, publications, clippings, official forms, logs or diaries of events, calendars, schedules, photographs, and ephemera. Subject matter includes a wide variety of topics and concerns for operating and maintaining an historic house. The Resident Directors oversaw almost all major projects and events around Mount Vernon such as building and grounds maintenance, restoration, fundraising, collection of historic artifacts, visitor engagement, and administrative functions. Dodge and Wall were both well known for their involvement in even the smallest details of the operation of Mount Vernon and this is reflected in the volume and scope of their files. Later Resident Directors began keeping chronological files which are also a great resource for understanding projects from specific years and periods of Mount Vernon's history. Both Charles Wall and John Castellani were employees of Mount Vernon before they were appointed Resident Director, and their files include material from previous job assignments. The majority of material reflects Charles Wall's tenure as Resident Director, the 1930s to 1970s, however, there is a substantial amount from the other directors as well. Several folders may extend into the term of James (Jim) Rees who served as Resident Director (later President) of Mount Vernon from 1994 to 2012. \nMost of the letters written by Superintendent Harrison Dodge were laminated or adhered to a tissue or paper backing, and bound together into a multiple volume set. These bound volumes, along with the original work diaries kept by Dodge, have been combined into a separate collection, the Bound Volumes of Superintendent's Letters, Diaries, and Monthly Reports. A finding aid for this collection is also available.","Includes items from his research on furnishing the greenhouse slave quarters.","Pen and ink drawing to show proposed drainage tunnels that were dug after a landslide in 1903. The tunnels were to prevent future erosion and landslides.","Letter from First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to the Regent, Alice Richards, May 1, 1936. Mrs. Roosevelt confirms she will visit Mount Vernon for tea and handwrites a message about the President's attendance at the bottom.","1933 document titled \"How to See Mount Vernon in one day.\"","Letter from President Dwight Eisenhower to Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director, thanking him for his recent visit to Mount Vernon. June 23, 1958.","These photographs were removed from folders within the collection for preservation purposes. Removal slips have been placed in their exact location within the folder to mark their withdrawal. Folder titles in this section correspond to the files with withdrawn photographs.","6 color Polaroid photos of the emptying of the CO2 tanks in front of the Mansion.","5 small color photographs of gardens adhered to a page and labeled \"Views of the Mount Vernon Garden Replica, American Museum in Britain by Mrs. Labouisse, May 1968.\"","2 color snapshot photographs – 1 shows the author (?) feeding a bird","Black and white photograph of the Mount Vernon Board of Visitors, 1939. Image is labeled on the reverse.","Color photographs showing different views of the estate and Mansion rooms, ca. 1984","Black and white photographs of Rosemont, Ann Pamela Cunningham's home, a portrait of Cunningham, and her grave.","Two slides and two transparencies of images from the Garden Book","Black and white photograph of a with wrought iron bench. The letter \"C\" has been written at the center bottom of the image.","Black and white photograph of the well house with a woman inside by the well, circa 1895. Reverse side says that it was taken by photographer Francis B. Johnston.","3 black and white photographs taken in September 1925 of the historic home of Menokin, Virginia","Black and white photographs of the view from Mount Vernon and the Maryland shore, ca. 1960s.","Small black and white or sepia photograph showing the memorial tablet placed at Pohick Church, undated","Group of black and white photographs all stamped \"International News Photo\" on the reverse, showing people touring the Mansion and grounds of Mount Vernon. Many of the tourists are military personnel in uniform, 1940-1944.","Small black and white photograph of people in costume for the Fourth of July at Mount Vernon","Color photographs showing trees cut for lumber and the making of shingles, 1973","Black and white photograph of MVLA Regent, Mrs. Guy with other ceremony participants, laying the wreath on the slave memorial, 1983","3 black and white photographs of the Sound and Light construction, taken by Robert Fisher, October 1975","Black and white and color prints, as well as negatives and transparencies, of the Texas Gate, the Texas Gate plaques, and its \"historic bricks\" given in honor of donor support.","3 color 8 x 10 photos showing a memorial tree planting by Ambassador Brewster at Washington Old Hall in Newcastle, UK. Also, 1 color slide showing a man at Mount Vernon beside the tree seedling, 1977-1978","3 black and white 8 x 10 photographs taken during President Kennedy's party for the President of Pakistan at Mount Vernon, 1961","Small black and white photograph of two men, one guest and one guard, in front of Washington's tomb. Writing beneath the image reads \"Col. William G. Edens and Guard at Washington's tomb, Mount Vernon, VA., May 1936.\"","3 small black and white photographs of Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 1956 – subject referred to in letter","Black and white print with two photographs – one image shows painters working on the exterior of the Mansion, the other image shows a newly painted Mansion exterior.","One black and white photo and three black and white postcards showing the exterior of Mount Vernon. The postcards have a caption commemorating GW's Bicentennial, 1932.","15 different sized black and white photograph prints from various dates and events. Subjects include visitors and employees around Mount Vernon estate, and a ceremony at Ann Pamela Cunningham's tomb. These photographs were all included in a folder of Walter Densmore's papers.","Black and white photographic print showing a group of people standing in front of the Little Hatchet Tavern (now the Mount Vernon Inn) with sign and bus in the background. The assitant to the resident director, Walter Densmore, is seen second from left. Stamp on reverse reads \"Photographed by the official photographer Memphis City Beautiful Commission.\" 1955.","Black and white photographic print of the President of Ireland's visit to Mount Vernon, March 18, 1959. Standing on the east lawn with Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director.","Black and white photographic print of the dedication ceremony for a marker or memorial for Ann Pamela Cunningham at the site of Rosemont plantation in Laurens County, South Carolina. Walter Densmore, assistant to the resident director appears second to the left. August 15, 1959","Black and white portrait photographs (3) of Neil W. Horstman, Resident Director","2 black and white photographs showing Vice Regents and attendees at the Vaughan Party, May 1989","These photographs were loose in a box and were not part of, or removed from, another folder in the collection.","Pen and ink drawing of the proposed tunnels for prevention of landslides","Color photograph print reproduction with some hand coloring. Matted with the seal of the State of Virginia, signed by the governor and photographer Frank Dementi, \"To Mr. Charles C. Wall, From the People of Virginia\""],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Memphis (Tenn.). City Beautiful Commission","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Philibert, Estelle","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Heiberg, Harrison Howell Dodge, Jr., 1925-1990","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Young , James","Rouse, Harrison Dodge"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Memphis (Tenn.). City Beautiful Commission"],"persname_ssim":["Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Symmes, Harrison M., 1921-2010","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Harbour, John E.","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Philibert, Estelle","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Heiberg, Harrison Howell Dodge, Jr., 1925-1990","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Young , James","Rouse, Harrison Dodge"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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