{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Amherst+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=1\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Amherst+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Amherst+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026page=3\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":23,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi06304","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06304#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06304#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06304#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06304","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06304","_root_":"vi_vi06304","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06304","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06304.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806",".","Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, involving Black and multiracial individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type: In 1765, the General Assembly established that illegitimate children of \"woman servants, Negroes, white women by Negroes were to be bound out\" until the age of 21 for males and 18 for females. In the late eighteenth century, the General Assembly established the Overseers of the Poor, an appointed body that provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for people who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them and those who were orphaned through apprenticeship contracts. These agreements arranged for white children to be taught a trade or domestic skills as well as educated in reading, writing, and arithmetic. In 1805, the General Assembly amended the previous act to no longer require the master of \"black or mulatto orphans\" to teach reading, writing, or arithmetic, with the intent that this would prevent Black children from learning these skills.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures of Black and multiracial individuals were removed from the Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [under accession 53740] by E. Jordan in 2023. L. Neuroth later indexed the indentures pertaining to Black and multiracial individuals for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture.","This record set includes only two indentures. The indentures are both dated 21 July 1806 and bind out Moses Smith and Rueben Smith, both Free Black children, to John Hawkins, a white man, to learn the trade of carpentry.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"collection_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Amherst County (Va.) in 2022 under accession number 53740."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":["2 items"],"extent_tesim":["2 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, involving Black and multiracial individuals are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, involving Black and multiracial individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type\u003c/emph\u003e: In 1765, the General Assembly established that illegitimate children of \"woman servants, Negroes, white women by Negroes were to be bound out\" until the age of 21 for males and 18 for females. In the late eighteenth century, the General Assembly established the Overseers of the Poor, an appointed body that provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for people who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them and those who were orphaned through apprenticeship contracts. These agreements arranged for white children to be taught a trade or domestic skills as well as educated in reading, writing, and arithmetic. In 1805, the General Assembly amended the previous act to no longer require the master of \"black or mulatto orphans\" to teach reading, writing, or arithmetic, with the intent that this would prevent Black children from learning these skills.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: In 1765, the General Assembly established that illegitimate children of \"woman servants, Negroes, white women by Negroes were to be bound out\" until the age of 21 for males and 18 for females. In the late eighteenth century, the General Assembly established the Overseers of the Poor, an appointed body that provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for people who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them and those who were orphaned through apprenticeship contracts. These agreements arranged for white children to be taught a trade or domestic skills as well as educated in reading, writing, and arithmetic. In 1805, the General Assembly amended the previous act to no longer require the master of \"black or mulatto orphans\" to teach reading, writing, or arithmetic, with the intent that this would prevent Black children from learning these skills.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures of Black and multiracial individuals were removed from the Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [under accession 53740] by E. Jordan in 2023. L. Neuroth later indexed the indentures pertaining to Black and multiracial individuals for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures of Black and multiracial individuals were removed from the Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [under accession 53740] by E. Jordan in 2023. L. Neuroth later indexed the indentures pertaining to Black and multiracial individuals for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/lva/vi02789.html\"\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\" \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis record set includes only two indentures. The indentures are both dated 21 July 1806 and bind out Moses Smith and Rueben Smith, both Free Black children, to John Hawkins, a white man, to learn the trade of carpentry. \u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture.","This record set includes only two indentures. The indentures are both dated 21 July 1806 and bind out Moses Smith and Rueben Smith, both Free Black children, to John Hawkins, a white man, to learn the trade of carpentry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06304","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06304","_root_":"vi_vi06304","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06304","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06304.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806",".","Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, involving Black and multiracial individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, arranged chronologically.","Context for Record Type: In 1765, the General Assembly established that illegitimate children of \"woman servants, Negroes, white women by Negroes were to be bound out\" until the age of 21 for males and 18 for females. In the late eighteenth century, the General Assembly established the Overseers of the Poor, an appointed body that provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for people who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them and those who were orphaned through apprenticeship contracts. These agreements arranged for white children to be taught a trade or domestic skills as well as educated in reading, writing, and arithmetic. In 1805, the General Assembly amended the previous act to no longer require the master of \"black or mulatto orphans\" to teach reading, writing, or arithmetic, with the intent that this would prevent Black children from learning these skills.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures of Black and multiracial individuals were removed from the Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [under accession 53740] by E. Jordan in 2023. L. Neuroth later indexed the indentures pertaining to Black and multiracial individuals for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture.","This record set includes only two indentures. The indentures are both dated 21 July 1806 and bind out Moses Smith and Rueben Smith, both Free Black children, to John Hawkins, a white man, to learn the trade of carpentry.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"collection_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) 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Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, involving Black and multiracial individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged \n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged \nSeries I: Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type\u003c/emph\u003e: In 1765, the General Assembly established that illegitimate children of \"woman servants, Negroes, white women by Negroes were to be bound out\" until the age of 21 for males and 18 for females. In the late eighteenth century, the General Assembly established the Overseers of the Poor, an appointed body that provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for people who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them and those who were orphaned through apprenticeship contracts. These agreements arranged for white children to be taught a trade or domestic skills as well as educated in reading, writing, and arithmetic. In 1805, the General Assembly amended the previous act to no longer require the master of \"black or mulatto orphans\" to teach reading, writing, or arithmetic, with the intent that this would prevent Black children from learning these skills.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: In 1765, the General Assembly established that illegitimate children of \"woman servants, Negroes, white women by Negroes were to be bound out\" until the age of 21 for males and 18 for females. In the late eighteenth century, the General Assembly established the Overseers of the Poor, an appointed body that provided food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment for people who were too poor to support themselves or too ill to provide for their basic needs. They also bound out children whose parents could not support them and those who were orphaned through apprenticeship contracts. These agreements arranged for white children to be taught a trade or domestic skills as well as educated in reading, writing, and arithmetic. In 1805, the General Assembly amended the previous act to no longer require the master of \"black or mulatto orphans\" to teach reading, writing, or arithmetic, with the intent that this would prevent Black children from learning these skills.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures of Black and multiracial individuals were removed from the Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [under accession 53740] by E. Jordan in 2023. L. Neuroth later indexed the indentures pertaining to Black and multiracial individuals for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures of Black and multiracial individuals were removed from the Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [under accession 53740] by E. Jordan in 2023. L. Neuroth later indexed the indentures pertaining to Black and multiracial individuals for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/lva/vi02789.html\"\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\" \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis record set includes only two indentures. The indentures are both dated 21 July 1806 and bind out Moses Smith and Rueben Smith, both Free Black children, to John Hawkins, a white man, to learn the trade of carpentry. \u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Apprenticeship Indentures, 1806, consists of contracts or agreements binding out white, Black, or multiracial children, sometimes those who were orphaned, to learn a particular trade or craft. These indentures may be written agreements between the family of the apprentice and those responsible for the indentured. In many cases this includes the direct involvement of the Overseers of the Poor. They typically contain the name of the person or institution binding out, the person to whom bound, the name of the person being indentured, the length of the apprenticeship, and the responsibilities of the person taking on the indenture.","This record set includes only two indentures. The indentures are both dated 21 July 1806 and bind out Moses Smith and Rueben Smith, both Free Black children, to John Hawkins, a white man, to learn the trade of carpentry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:22.859Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06304"}},{"id":"vi_vi03899","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Amherst County (Va.) 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When the township system was abolished in 1875, the counties were divided into magisterial districts. The Board of Supervisors are the current elected representatives of these districts and meet in regular monthly public sessions.","Until 1869 the county court controlled construction, alteration of, and maintenance of roads. The state constitution of 1869 created overseers of the roads and road boards which fell under the jurisdiction of the county's board of supervisors. By 1908 (according to an on line history of roads prepared by Virginia's Department of Transportation), the need for better roads in Virginia had reached the point that the legislature made its first appropriation for construction purposes under the new state program. Money provided by the state was to be matched equally by the counties paying for road improvements. 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The county is named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the later part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759-1768.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Board of Supervisors is the basic governing body of the county. County laws--called ordinances--may also be passed by this board. This form of government came into existence with the state constitution of 1869 when the counties were divided into a minimum of three townships each, with a popularly elected supervisor from each township. When the township system was abolished in 1875, the counties were divided into magisterial districts. The Board of Supervisors are the current elected representatives of these districts and meet in regular monthly public sessions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eUntil 1869 the county court controlled construction, alteration of, and maintenance of roads. The state constitution of 1869 created overseers of the roads and road boards which fell under the jurisdiction of the county's board of supervisors. By 1908 (according to an on line history of roads prepared by Virginia's Department of Transportation), the need for better roads in Virginia had reached the point that the legislature made its first appropriation for construction purposes under the new state program. Money provided by the state was to be matched equally by the counties paying for road improvements. During this period, state law directed the counties to levy a road tax of up to 40 cents for each $100 in value on real estate and personal property, with the revenue to cover the counties' share of improvements and to buy road equipment. In addition, the counties were authorized to issue bonds.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Amherst County was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770. The county is named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the later part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759-1768.","The Board of Supervisors is the basic governing body of the county. County laws--called ordinances--may also be passed by this board. This form of government came into existence with the state constitution of 1869 when the counties were divided into a minimum of three townships each, with a popularly elected supervisor from each township. When the township system was abolished in 1875, the counties were divided into magisterial districts. The Board of Supervisors are the current elected representatives of these districts and meet in regular monthly public sessions.","Until 1869 the county court controlled construction, alteration of, and maintenance of roads. 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Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Board of Supervisors Records contains a Road Tax Book, 1902-1905.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Board of Supervisors Records contains a Road Tax Book, 1902-1905."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) 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The county is named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the later part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759-1768.","The Board of Supervisors is the basic governing body of the county. County laws--called ordinances--may also be passed by this board. This form of government came into existence with the state constitution of 1869 when the counties were divided into a minimum of three townships each, with a popularly elected supervisor from each township. When the township system was abolished in 1875, the counties were divided into magisterial districts. The Board of Supervisors are the current elected representatives of these districts and meet in regular monthly public sessions.","Until 1869 the county court controlled construction, alteration of, and maintenance of roads. 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Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770. The county is named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the later part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759-1768.","The Board of Supervisors is the basic governing body of the county. County laws--called ordinances--may also be passed by this board. This form of government came into existence with the state constitution of 1869 when the counties were divided into a minimum of three townships each, with a popularly elected supervisor from each township. When the township system was abolished in 1875, the counties were divided into magisterial districts. The Board of Supervisors are the current elected representatives of these districts and meet in regular monthly public sessions.","Until 1869 the county court controlled construction, alteration of, and maintenance of roads. 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Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Board of Supervisors Records contains a Road Tax Book, 1902-1905.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Board of Supervisors Records contains a Road Tax Book, 1902-1905."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) 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These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02415#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02415","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02415","_root_":"vi_vi02415","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02415","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02415.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)","Digital images; 112.37 cubic feet (248 boxes)","Chancery Causes 1779-1912 use digital images found electronically on the Chancery Records Index available on the website of the Library of Virginia.","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.","Chancery Causes 1779-1912 are organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed and remain in their original bundles.","Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the descison on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories.","Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes 1779-1919 were processed in two separate groups the first, Chancery Causes 1779-1869, and later the second group, Chancery Causes 1870-1912.  At this time, there are currently no plans to process and index the 1913-1956 records.","Digital images were generated by Backstage Library Works through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.","Encoded by V. Brooks: 2008; updated by M. Mason: February 2023.","Additional Amherst County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.","Chancery causes 1779-1869, contain a large amount of cases concerning debts and estates. This date range of cases also contains a fairly substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals.","Chancery Causes 1870-1912, also contain a large amount of debt and estate cases but in these decades following the Civil War and moving towards the turn of the century, there are a significantly higher number of cases related to contracts and divorces. The divorce cases in this date range for Amherst County disproportionately involve Black couples. Additionally, although post-Civil War material, cases involving Black individuals may reference prior enslavement, and estate cases may at times still list names of Black individuals enslaved by white estates. In the first decade after the Civil War, there are a number of cases that refer to the effects of the war on marriages, family economics, and property ownership. Lastly, this section of material contains cases related to mental health and the legal processes involving individuals labeled as “insane” or “lunatic.”","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are at this time unprocessed so have no descriptive information.","These records also contain 2 boxes of “Orphan Chancery” which is processed but not indexed. These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes that could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case.","No restrictions on use.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"collection_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) 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Arranged chronologically. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eof documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed and remain in their original bundles. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chancery Causes 1779-1912 are organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed and remain in their original bundles."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the descison on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the descison on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1856. (Cite style of suit [and chancery index no. if available]). Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1856. (Cite style of suit [and chancery index no. if available]). Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes 1779-1919 were processed in two separate groups the first, Chancery Causes 1779-1869, and later the second group, Chancery Causes 1870-1912.  At this time, there are currently no plans to process and index the 1913-1956 records. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDigital images were generated by Backstage Library Works through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by V. Brooks: 2008; updated by M. Mason: February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes 1779-1919 were processed in two separate groups the first, Chancery Causes 1779-1869, and later the second group, Chancery Causes 1870-1912.  At this time, there are currently no plans to process and index the 1913-1956 records.","Digital images were generated by Backstage Library Works through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.","Encoded by V. Brooks: 2008; updated by M. Mason: February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Amherst County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Amherst County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eChancery causes 1779-1869, contain a large amount of cases concerning debts and estates. This date range of cases also contains a fairly substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1870-1912, also contain a large amount of debt and estate cases but in these decades following the Civil War and moving towards the turn of the century, there are a significantly higher number of cases related to contracts and divorces. The divorce cases in this date range for Amherst County disproportionately involve Black couples. Additionally, although post-Civil War material, cases involving Black individuals may reference prior enslavement, and estate cases may at times still list names of Black individuals enslaved by white estates. In the first decade after the Civil War, there are a number of cases that refer to the effects of the war on marriages, family economics, and property ownership. Lastly, this section of material contains cases related to mental health and the legal processes involving individuals labeled as “insane” or “lunatic.” \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1913-1956 are at this time unprocessed so have no descriptive information. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records also contain 2 boxes of “Orphan Chancery” which is processed but not indexed. These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes that could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case.  \u003c/p\u003e\n\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.","Chancery causes 1779-1869, contain a large amount of cases concerning debts and estates. This date range of cases also contains a fairly substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals.","Chancery Causes 1870-1912, also contain a large amount of debt and estate cases but in these decades following the Civil War and moving towards the turn of the century, there are a significantly higher number of cases related to contracts and divorces. The divorce cases in this date range for Amherst County disproportionately involve Black couples. Additionally, although post-Civil War material, cases involving Black individuals may reference prior enslavement, and estate cases may at times still list names of Black individuals enslaved by white estates. In the first decade after the Civil War, there are a number of cases that refer to the effects of the war on marriages, family economics, and property ownership. Lastly, this section of material contains cases related to mental health and the legal processes involving individuals labeled as “insane” or “lunatic.”","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are at this time unprocessed so have no descriptive information.","These records also contain 2 boxes of “Orphan Chancery” which is processed but not indexed. These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes that could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":61,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02415","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02415","_root_":"vi_vi02415","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02415","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02415.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956 (bulk 1850-1912)","Digital images; 112.37 cubic feet (248 boxes)","Chancery Causes 1779-1912 use digital images found electronically on the Chancery Records Index available on the website of the Library of Virginia.","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availability.","Chancery Causes 1779-1912 are organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.","of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed and remain in their original bundles.","Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the descison on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories.","Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes 1779-1919 were processed in two separate groups the first, Chancery Causes 1779-1869, and later the second group, Chancery Causes 1870-1912.  At this time, there are currently no plans to process and index the 1913-1956 records.","Digital images were generated by Backstage Library Works through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.","Encoded by V. Brooks: 2008; updated by M. Mason: February 2023.","Additional Amherst County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.","Chancery causes 1779-1869, contain a large amount of cases concerning debts and estates. This date range of cases also contains a fairly substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals.","Chancery Causes 1870-1912, also contain a large amount of debt and estate cases but in these decades following the Civil War and moving towards the turn of the century, there are a significantly higher number of cases related to contracts and divorces. The divorce cases in this date range for Amherst County disproportionately involve Black couples. Additionally, although post-Civil War material, cases involving Black individuals may reference prior enslavement, and estate cases may at times still list names of Black individuals enslaved by white estates. In the first decade after the Civil War, there are a number of cases that refer to the effects of the war on marriages, family economics, and property ownership. 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Contact Archives Research Services for availability. \u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Chancery Causes 1779-1912 use digital images found electronically on the Chancery Records Index available on the website of the Library of Virginia.","Chancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed. Contact Archives Research Services for availability."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1779-1912 are organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eof documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1913-1956 are unprocessed and remain in their original bundles. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chancery Causes 1779-1912 are organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. 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Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the descison on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1856. 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Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Amherst County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eChancery causes 1779-1869, contain a large amount of cases concerning debts and estates. This date range of cases also contains a fairly substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1870-1912, also contain a large amount of debt and estate cases but in these decades following the Civil War and moving towards the turn of the century, there are a significantly higher number of cases related to contracts and divorces. The divorce cases in this date range for Amherst County disproportionately involve Black couples. Additionally, although post-Civil War material, cases involving Black individuals may reference prior enslavement, and estate cases may at times still list names of Black individuals enslaved by white estates. In the first decade after the Civil War, there are a number of cases that refer to the effects of the war on marriages, family economics, and property ownership. Lastly, this section of material contains cases related to mental health and the legal processes involving individuals labeled as “insane” or “lunatic.” \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1913-1956 are at this time unprocessed so have no descriptive information. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records also contain 2 boxes of “Orphan Chancery” which is processed but not indexed. These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes that could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case.  \u003c/p\u003e\n\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1779-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.","Chancery causes 1779-1869, contain a large amount of cases concerning debts and estates. This date range of cases also contains a fairly substantial amount of information concerning enslaved Black men, women, and children. While there are several suits concerning the freedom of enslaved individuals, these cases largely represent the perspective of white enslavers and their disputes involving the sale, hiring, financial responsibilities, and legality of ownership of Black individuals.","Chancery Causes 1870-1912, also contain a large amount of debt and estate cases but in these decades following the Civil War and moving towards the turn of the century, there are a significantly higher number of cases related to contracts and divorces. The divorce cases in this date range for Amherst County disproportionately involve Black couples. Additionally, although post-Civil War material, cases involving Black individuals may reference prior enslavement, and estate cases may at times still list names of Black individuals enslaved by white estates. In the first decade after the Civil War, there are a number of cases that refer to the effects of the war on marriages, family economics, and property ownership. 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Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03900#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1852-1912, are comprised of 2 Fee Books, 3 Law Fee Books, 2 Chancery Fee Books, 2 Memorandum Books and 2 Witness Attendance Books. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03900#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03900","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03900","_root_":"vi_vi03900","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03900","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03900.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1852-1912"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1852-1912"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1852-1912"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) 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Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Court Records, Bonds and Tax and Fiscal Records, 1770-1907. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Amherst County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA011\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\"\u003c/extref\u003e found on the Library of Virginia's web site.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Amherst County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\" found on the Library of Virginia's web site."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Court Records, Bonds and Tax and Fiscal Records, 1770-1907, consist of the following main record types:  Judgments (Executions) and other court records, Bonds and Tax Lists and Licenses.  Additional miscellaneous records are found in the contents list.  All Chancery and Marriage Records (Consent/Bonds) have been removed.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAn Execution refers to the court order directing a sheriff or other officer to enforce a judgment usually by seizing and selling the judgment debtor's property.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) 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(348 p.); 1 microfilm reel"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County was formed in 1761 from Albemarle County.      \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe deed book of Amherst County in this collection was created by the County Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Amherst County was formed in 1761 from Albemarle County.","The deed book of Amherst County in this collection was created by the County Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deed Book, 1761-1765.  Amherst County (Va.) 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Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05568#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05568#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05568#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05568","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05568","_root_":"vi_vi05568","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05568","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05568.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859","6 items","Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged\nSeries I: Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, arranged chronologically.","Context of Record Type:  Deeds of emancipation and manumission record an enslavers’ intent to emancipate enslaved people from bondage. Some of the earliest legal manumissions in Virginia occurred in the early 1770s. However, there was a sharp rise following the 1782 manumission act that allowed enslavers to privately emancipate enslaved people “by last will and testament or other instrument in writing sealed.” They were no longer required to seek a special act from the General Assembly. These documents sometimes include an enslavers’ intent for emancipation ranging from religious and moral motivations to binding legal agreements.","Deeds of emancipation and manumission essentially provide the same information and there is little difference between the two. Both include the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date of anticipated freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and as mentioned, sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. In a deed of manumission, an enslaver directly freed an enslaved person by manumission. In a deed of emancipation, an enslaved person could be freed after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. This collection also includes court orders that record the date or age when enslaved individuals were to be emancipated by deed as stipulated in an enslaver's will.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation were removed from the larger Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [accession 53740] record set and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Jordan and L. Neuroth for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by E. Jordan: July 2023; Edited by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Deeds, 1771-1894 (bulk 1797-1871)","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"collection_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Amherst County (Va.) in 2022 under accession number 53740."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["6 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged\nSeries I: Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext of Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e  Deeds of emancipation and manumission record an enslavers’ intent to emancipate enslaved people from bondage. Some of the earliest legal manumissions in Virginia occurred in the early 1770s. However, there was a sharp rise following the 1782 manumission act that allowed enslavers to privately emancipate enslaved people “by last will and testament or other instrument in writing sealed.” They were no longer required to seek a special act from the General Assembly. These documents sometimes include an enslavers’ intent for emancipation ranging from religious and moral motivations to binding legal agreements.   \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of emancipation and manumission essentially provide the same information and there is little difference between the two. Both include the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date of anticipated freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and as mentioned, sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. In a deed of manumission, an enslaver directly freed an enslaved person by manumission. In a deed of emancipation, an enslaved person could be freed after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. This collection also includes court orders that record the date or age when enslaved individuals were to be emancipated by deed as stipulated in an enslaver's will. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context of Record Type:  Deeds of emancipation and manumission record an enslavers’ intent to emancipate enslaved people from bondage. Some of the earliest legal manumissions in Virginia occurred in the early 1770s. However, there was a sharp rise following the 1782 manumission act that allowed enslavers to privately emancipate enslaved people “by last will and testament or other instrument in writing sealed.” They were no longer required to seek a special act from the General Assembly. These documents sometimes include an enslavers’ intent for emancipation ranging from religious and moral motivations to binding legal agreements.","Deeds of emancipation and manumission essentially provide the same information and there is little difference between the two. Both include the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date of anticipated freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and as mentioned, sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. In a deed of manumission, an enslaver directly freed an enslaved person by manumission. In a deed of emancipation, an enslaved person could be freed after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. This collection also includes court orders that record the date or age when enslaved individuals were to be emancipated by deed as stipulated in an enslaver's will.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation were removed from the larger Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [accession 53740] record set and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Jordan and L. Neuroth for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by E. Jordan: July 2023; Edited by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. 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Deeds, 1771-1894 (bulk 1797-1871)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Deeds, 1771-1894 (bulk 1797-1871)","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:05.737Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05568","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05568","_root_":"vi_vi05568","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05568","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05568.xml","title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"text":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859","6 items","Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","This collection is arranged\nSeries I: Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, arranged chronologically.","Context of Record Type:  Deeds of emancipation and manumission record an enslavers’ intent to emancipate enslaved people from bondage. Some of the earliest legal manumissions in Virginia occurred in the early 1770s. However, there was a sharp rise following the 1782 manumission act that allowed enslavers to privately emancipate enslaved people “by last will and testament or other instrument in writing sealed.” They were no longer required to seek a special act from the General Assembly. These documents sometimes include an enslavers’ intent for emancipation ranging from religious and moral motivations to binding legal agreements.","Deeds of emancipation and manumission essentially provide the same information and there is little difference between the two. Both include the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date of anticipated freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and as mentioned, sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. In a deed of manumission, an enslaver directly freed an enslaved person by manumission. In a deed of emancipation, an enslaved person could be freed after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. This collection also includes court orders that record the date or age when enslaved individuals were to be emancipated by deed as stipulated in an enslaver's will.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.","Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation were removed from the larger Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [accession 53740] record set and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Jordan and L. Neuroth for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by E. Jordan: July 2023; Edited by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Deeds, 1771-1894 (bulk 1797-1871)","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"collection_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.) 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Please use digital images."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\n\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, arranged chronologically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged\nSeries I: Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext of Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e  Deeds of emancipation and manumission record an enslavers’ intent to emancipate enslaved people from bondage. Some of the earliest legal manumissions in Virginia occurred in the early 1770s. However, there was a sharp rise following the 1782 manumission act that allowed enslavers to privately emancipate enslaved people “by last will and testament or other instrument in writing sealed.” They were no longer required to seek a special act from the General Assembly. These documents sometimes include an enslavers’ intent for emancipation ranging from religious and moral motivations to binding legal agreements.   \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of emancipation and manumission essentially provide the same information and there is little difference between the two. Both include the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date of anticipated freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and as mentioned, sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. In a deed of manumission, an enslaver directly freed an enslaved person by manumission. In a deed of emancipation, an enslaved person could be freed after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. This collection also includes court orders that record the date or age when enslaved individuals were to be emancipated by deed as stipulated in an enslaver's will. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/emph\u003e Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context of Record Type:  Deeds of emancipation and manumission record an enslavers’ intent to emancipate enslaved people from bondage. 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In a deed of emancipation, an enslaved person could be freed after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament. This collection also includes court orders that record the date or age when enslaved individuals were to be emancipated by deed as stipulated in an enslaver's will.","Locality History: Amherst County was named for Major General Jeffery Amherst, British commander in North America during the latter part of the French and Indian War and governor of Virginia from 1759 to 1768. It was formed from Albemarle County in 1761. Islands in the Fluvanna (now the James) River were added in 1770."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859. Local government records collection, Amherst County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation were removed from the larger Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [accession 53740] record set and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Jordan and L. Neuroth for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by E. Jordan: July 2023; Edited by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation were removed from the larger Amherst County (Va.) Deeds [accession 53740] record set and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Jordan and L. Neuroth for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.","Encoded by E. Jordan: July 2023; Edited by M. Mason: August 2023; updated by C. Collins: December 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/lva/vi02789.html\"\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/lva/vi05567.html\"\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds, 1771-1894 (bulk 1797-1871)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Amherst County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records, 1816-1826","See also: Amherst County (Va.) Deeds, 1771-1894 (bulk 1797-1871)","Records related to free and enslaved people of Amherst County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Amherst County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Amherst County (Va.) Deeds of Emancipation, 1798-1859, include deeds of emancipation and manumission, which record the name of the enslaver, the name of the enslaved person to be freed, the date the enslaved person shall achieve freedom, the date the manumission was proved or certified, and sometimes a reason why the enslaver decided to emancipate the enslaved person. The two methods of relinquishing ownership of an individual differ only in that enslavers directly freed their enslaved property by manumission. Deeds of emancipation could be generated after the enslaver’s death by those executing a last will and testament."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:28:05.737Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05568"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":23},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Amherst+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Amherst+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Amherst County (Va.) 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