{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mary+Lavigne+programs+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mary+Lavigne+programs+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":9,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c15","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Can-Can , Sam S. Shubert Theatre","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c15#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePlaybill\u003c/span\u003e. Music and lyrics by Cole Porter, book by Abe Burrows. 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Music and lyrics by Cole Porter, book by Abe Burrows. Removed from binder 1 of 2.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Playbill . Music and lyrics by Cole Porter, book by Abe Burrows. 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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c15"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c37","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Greek Festival, Randolph-Macon Woman's College","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c37#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\"In Honor of Professor Mabel Kate Whiteside, Teacher of Greek, 1904-1954\"\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c37#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c37","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c37"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c37","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","Greek Festival, Randolph-Macon Woman's College","box 1","folder 37","\"In Honor of Professor Mabel Kate Whiteside, Teacher of Greek, 1904-1954\""],"title_filing_ssi":"Greek Festival, Randolph-Macon Woman's College","title_ssm":["Greek Festival, Randolph-Macon Woman's College"],"title_tesim":["Greek Festival, Randolph-Macon Woman's College"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["May 14-15, 1954"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Greek Festival, Randolph-Macon Woman's College"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1954],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 37"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"In Honor of Professor Mabel Kate Whiteside, Teacher of Greek, 1904-1954\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\"In Honor of Professor Mabel Kate Whiteside, Teacher of Greek, 1904-1954\""],"_nest_path_":"/components#36","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691"],"text":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Mary Lavigne programs collection","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. 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These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the  Charles Rodrigues playbill collection , and the  Virginia Nelson playbills collection .","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. 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Season 1954-1955.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c11","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c11"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c11","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","Il Barbiere di Siviglia , Metropolitan Opera","box 1","folder 11","The Barber of Seville , libretto by Cesare Sterbini, music by Gioacchino Rossini. 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All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    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July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c91"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c98","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Porgy and Bess , Mosque","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c98#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMusic by George Gershwin, book and lyrics/libretto by DuBose Heyward and Ira Gershwin. 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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. 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All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. 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All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. 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All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c48"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Pajama Game , St. James Theatre","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePlaybill\u003c/span\u003e. Book by George Abbott and Richard Bissell, music and lyrics by Richard Adler, and Jerry Ross. Removed from binder 2 of 2.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","The Pajama Game , St. James Theatre","box 3","folder 1","Playbill . 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However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003eCharles Rodrigues playbill collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0015\"\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the  Charles Rodrigues playbill collection , and the  Virginia Nelson playbills collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c93"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason 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