{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Campbell+County+%28Va.%29+Criminal+Records%2C+%0A1790-1945\u0026page=2","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Campbell+County+%28Va.%29+Criminal+Records%2C+%0A1790-1945\u0026page=1","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Campbell+County+%28Va.%29+Criminal+Records%2C+%0A1790-1945\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":null,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":20,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c08","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Barcode number 1164577: Criminal Records; Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1829-1910, undated;1795-1866.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02_c08","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c02_c08"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c08","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934","Barcode number 1164577: Criminal Records; Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1829-1910, undated;1795-1866."],"title_filing_ssi":"Criminal Records; Commonwealth Causes,\n\n 1829-1910, undated;1795-1866.\n","title_ssm":["Barcode number 1164577: Criminal Records; Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1829-1910, undated;1795-1866."],"title_tesim":["Barcode number 1164577: Criminal Records; Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1829-1910, undated;1795-1866."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barcode number 1164577: Criminal Records; Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1829-1910, undated;1795-1866."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":11,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#7","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c08"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Barcode number 1178331: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1790 May-1879 Oct","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c02_c01"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934","Barcode number 1178331: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1790 May-1879 Oct"],"title_filing_ssi":"Commonwealth Causes,\n\n 1790 May-1879 Oct\t\n","title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178331: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1790 May-1879 Oct"],"title_tesim":["Barcode number 1178331: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1790 May-1879 Oct"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178331: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1790 May-1879 Oct"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":4,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c01"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c03","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Barcode number 1178332: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1880 Jan-1886 Oct","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02_c03","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c02_c03"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c03","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934","Barcode number 1178332: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1880 Jan-1886 Oct"],"title_filing_ssi":"Commonwealth Causes,\n\n 1880 Jan-1886 Oct\n","title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178332: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1880 Jan-1886 Oct"],"title_tesim":["Barcode number 1178332: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1880 Jan-1886 Oct"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178332: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1880 Jan-1886 Oct"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":6,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c03"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Barcode number 1178333: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1887 Feb-1891 Nov","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c02_c04"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934","Barcode number 1178333: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1887 Feb-1891 Nov"],"title_filing_ssi":"Commonwealth Causes,\n\n 1887 Feb-1891 Nov\n","title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178333: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1887 Feb-1891 Nov"],"title_tesim":["Barcode number 1178333: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1887 Feb-1891 Nov"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178333: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1887 Feb-1891 Nov"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":7,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c04"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Barcode number 1178334: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1892 Jan-1932 Jul, undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02_c05","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c02_c05"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c02_c05","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series II: Commonwealth Causes,\n1790-1934","Barcode number 1178334: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1892 Jan-1932 Jul, undated"],"title_filing_ssi":"Commonwealth Causes,\n\n 1892 Jan-1932 Jul, undated\t\n","title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178334: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1892 Jan-1932 Jul, undated"],"title_tesim":["Barcode number 1178334: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1892 Jan-1932 Jul, undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barcode number 1178334: Commonwealth Causes,\n\n1892 Jan-1932 Jul, undated"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":8,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02_c05"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c01_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Barcode number 1186721: Free and Enslaved Records\n1784-1867","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c01_c01"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789_c01","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c01","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789","vi_vi00789_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859","Barcode number 1186721: Free and Enslaved Records\n1784-1867"],"title_filing_ssi":"Free and Enslaved Records\n 1784-1867\n","title_ssm":["Barcode number 1186721: Free and Enslaved Records\n1784-1867"],"title_tesim":["Barcode number 1186721: Free and Enslaved Records\n1784-1867"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barcode number 1186721: Free and Enslaved Records\n1784-1867"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2,"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c01","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c01"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c01","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859"," Library of Virginia\n"],"title_filing_ssi":" Free People in Want of Register,\n 1859\n","title_ssm":["Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Free People in Want of Register,\n1859"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"extent_ssm":["1 folder [use digital images]"],"extent_tesim":["1 folder [use digital images]"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":[" Library of Virginia\n"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) 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(9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c02"}},{"id":"vi_vi00789_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets,\n1896-1945","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00789_c03","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00789_c03"],"id":"vi_vi00789_c03","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00789","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00789"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00789"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets,\n1896-1945"," State Records Center\n"],"title_filing_ssi":" Criminal Indexes and Dockets,\n 1896-1945\n","title_ssm":["Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets,\n1896-1945"],"title_tesim":["Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets,\n1896-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets,\n1896-1945"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"extent_ssm":["6 volumes"],"extent_tesim":["6 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":12,"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":[" State Records Center\n"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00789","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00789","_root_":"vi_vi00789","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00789.xml","title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"text":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945","4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes","IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n","This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n","Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n","See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, \n1790-1945"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Campbell County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records came to the Library of Virginia in two transfers of court papers from Campbell County in 2004 and under the accession number 41133, and in 2005 under the accession number 41665.\n\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["4.15 cu. ft. (9 boxes); 6 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection\u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["IN PROGRESS:Identified Free People in Want of Register, are digitized and available through  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed. \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged Series I: Free People in Want of Registration, 1859, arranged chronologically.\n  Series II: Criminal Records, 1790-1934, arranged somewhat chronologically, many of the records remaining unprocessed.  Series III: Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree People in Want of Registration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History: \u003c/emph\u003eCampbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type:","Free People in Want of Registration","Consists of lists of free Black and multiracial people confined to jail because they were without a free registration document or certificate proving their free status. In some localities, city sergeants or county sheriffs created reports for the court of individuals confined to jail. These documents serve as a certification record of who was in jail. Prisoners were required to pay the jail fees accrued during their time in jail. If they could not pay, they were hired out to cover the cost of their expenses. If this was the case, the document may indicate if they were hired out along with a totaling of expenses. For further research, search the minute books or court order books for the locality of interest.","Commonwealth Causes","Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and Multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and Multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","Locality History:  Campbell County was named for William Campbell, a general in the militia during the Revolutionary War and one of the heroes of the Battle of Kings Mountain in 1780. The county was formed from Bedford County by an act passed on 15 December 1781. The county court first met on 7 February 1782. The county seat is Rustburg.\n\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Campbell County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1790-1945. Local government records collection, Campbell County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by G. Crawford, 2018; Updated by M. Mason, April 2026\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01393.xml\"\u003eCampbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lva.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?vid=01LVA_INST:VU\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Campbell County (Va.) Free and Enslaved Records","Records related to free and enslaved people of Campbell County (Va.) and other localities are available through the  Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Campbell County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCampbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Campbell county (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1945, consist of records concerning Free people in want of Registration, 1859; Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934; and Criminal Indexes and Dockets, 1896-1945","Free people in want of Registration Records, 1859, are comprised of two lists that record the names of around 38 \"free negroes\" arrested for not having copies of their free registration. The lists include the following surnames: Appy, Banister, Brogden, Davis, Green, Harriss, Humbles (or Umbles), Jackson, McCoy, Scott, Stewart, Stuart, and Valentine. The lists include notations about the action of the court.","Commonwealth Causes, 1790-1934, are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny to murder.","Criminal Indexes, and Dockets, 1896-1945, consists of volumes of dockets and indexes concerning criminal cases. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia; State Records Center\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia; State Records Center\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:35:47.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00789_c03"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Campbell+County+%28Va.%29+Criminal+Records%2C+%0A1790-1945\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Campbell+County+%28Va.%29+Criminal+Records%2C+%0A1790-1945"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Campbell County (Va.) 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