{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=clippings+%28information+artifacts%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=clippings+%28information+artifacts%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":10,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_416#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_416#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eChisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner (1900-2001; 2 cubic feet) consists of letters, newspaper clippings,scrapbooks, and photographs from the life of Frank Gardiner Wisner including his intelligence career, track achievements and scholarship at the University of Virginia, 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles, and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_416#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_416.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/114086","title_filing_ssi":"Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner","title_ssm":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner"],"title_tesim":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997"],"text":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997","MSS 16333","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/416","photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","Scrapbooks","The collection is open for research use.","Frank Gardiner Wisner who worked for the Central Intelligence Agency for more than two decades was born in 1909 in Laurel, Mississippi and attended boarding school at Woodberry Forest in Orange, Virginia, after completing high school in Laurel, Mississippi. He obtained his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Virginia (1934) and became an attorney for Carter, Ledyard \u0026 Milburn in New York from 1934 to 1947.  His intelligence career began in 1941 as an Officer of the Navy Censor's Office. From 1941 to 1946, he was promoted to positions of increasing responsibility with the Office of Naval Intelligence, the Office of Strategic Services, and the Strategic Services Unit. He received the Legion of Merit award and the Kings Insignia from the British Empire. In 1948, Mr. Wisner joined the Central Intelligence Agency, serving as Assistant Director for Policy Coordination until 1951, as Deputy Director (Plans) until 1959, and later as Chief of Station, London. In those demanding and difficult capacities, often under conditions of great stress, Mr. Wisner demonstrated a wide range of the most admirable qualities and talents, which he gave to the service of his country without stint. His breadth and depth of knowledge, his professional competence, his precise judgement, his utter dedication to duty, his imagination, resourcefulness, integrity and courage won the respect of subordinates, peers, and superiors alike. His natural leadership was founded upon an unusually sensitive understanding of other people, as well as upon his own precept and example. Under his able guidance, an important element of the Agency was developed from meager beginnings and achieved substantial accomplishments. Mr. Wisner's distinguished career, matched by very few other intelligence officers of any country or any time, contributed greatly to the security of the United States, in keeping with the best traditions of patriotic service and reflected high credit on him and the Central Intelligence Agency. (Taken in part from his citation in being awarded the Distinguished Intelligence Medal).","Wisner's early service career was characterized by his outstanding communication skills and superior management style. He openly shared information with his colleagues and was known for his methodical analysis and clarity of thought. He was responsible for gathering information and building communications between the Rumanians, Soviets, and British. He had a close relationship with Rica Georgescu which gave him access to high officials in the Rumanian government. For a time his close work with the Russians allowed him access to their daily bomb information.  He also obtained permission from the Rumanian government for the United States to evacuate thousands of allied prisoners of war.\n       He established a program to influence domestic and foreign media against communism. He collaborated closely with newspaper editors and journalists, giving them important public relations information that promoted patriotism. He also oversaw the finances of the CIA and strongly supported pro-American forces in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1951). \n     Wisner was passionate about stopping the spread of Communism, which came from his experiences in Rumania when he watched the Soviets plan to take over Eastern Europe. When the Soviets invaded Hungary in 1956, Wisner was devastated that the U. S. did not come to their aid. After this crushing blow, he struggled with illness, received psychological treatment and significantly reduced his workload, although he was still a consultant for the government, and a station chief in London from 1960 to 1962.     \n     After twenty-one years in the government service (from 1941 to 1962) he retired and directed his interests towards private industry where he felt that he could improve international business interests and promote the education of the public, particularly young people, in their knowledge of history and democracy.  He was involved in fund raising for St. Antony's College at Oxford, (with President William Deakin), and The Conservation Foundation.  He also studied the growth of several profitable companies, carefully invested in their stock and acted as a consultant to promote diversification and growth of the companies. He made investments in oil, land, farms, timber, and paper.  \n    As an attorney, he gave legal advice to colleagues, literary agents, and businesspersons and was an advisor for authors and publishers of novels about spies, former Nazis or world leaders. He helped to ensure that their manuscripts were historically accurate accounts or at least credible to readers. He was also keen to make sure that national security interests were always protected.\n    He made himself available to others who were interested in a career in the government. He studied resumes and gave very high recommendations to well- educated young people who showed promise. His letters from colleagues and friends reveal that he was a very kind person that cared about the careers of other people. He helped individuals from all over the world and in all positions in life with obtaining citizenship, visas or employment.\n    He worked under several presidents, Harry S. Truman, David Eisenhower, John Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson. He also worked very closely with other C.I.A. Directors including Allen W. Dulles, John McCone, and Richard Helms (who was initially Deputy to Wisner), as well as other well-known individuals in intelligence, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, ambassadors, diplomats, scholars, and journalists in the major American newspapers, including The New York Times and The Washington Post.  \n   He was also passionate about hunting and he travelled across the country and to Spain several times a year to attend shooting parties while discussing the problems of the world with his close friends. In addition to his love for hunting, he had been a star athlete in track and was eligible for the 1936 Olympics. In October of 1965, he succumbed to the illness that made him escalate between high and low mood swings, by taking his own life. Many of his friends wrote that he was a hero who gave his life for his country.","MSS 15049 Frank Gardiner Wisner Papers in Small Special Collections Library","Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner (1900-2001; 2 cubic feet) consists of letters, newspaper clippings,scrapbooks, and photographs from the life of Frank Gardiner Wisner including his intelligence career, track achievements and scholarship at the University of Virginia,  1932 Olympics in Los Angeles, and his family.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16333","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/416"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16333","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/416"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965"],"creator_ssim":["Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the Chisholm Foundation (Lex Lindsay) to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Cubic Feet 1 document box, 1 half-width document box, 1 flat box, and oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Cubic Feet 1 document box, 1 half-width document box, 1 flat box, and oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frank Gardiner Wisner who worked for the Central Intelligence Agency for more than two decades was born in 1909 in Laurel, Mississippi and attended boarding school at Woodberry Forest in Orange, Virginia, after completing high school in Laurel, Mississippi. He obtained his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Virginia (1934) and became an attorney for Carter, Ledyard \u0026 Milburn in New York from 1934 to 1947.  His intelligence career began in 1941 as an Officer of the Navy Censor's Office. From 1941 to 1946, he was promoted to positions of increasing responsibility with the Office of Naval Intelligence, the Office of Strategic Services, and the Strategic Services Unit. He received the Legion of Merit award and the Kings Insignia from the British Empire. In 1948, Mr. Wisner joined the Central Intelligence Agency, serving as Assistant Director for Policy Coordination until 1951, as Deputy Director (Plans) until 1959, and later as Chief of Station, London. In those demanding and difficult capacities, often under conditions of great stress, Mr. Wisner demonstrated a wide range of the most admirable qualities and talents, which he gave to the service of his country without stint. His breadth and depth of knowledge, his professional competence, his precise judgement, his utter dedication to duty, his imagination, resourcefulness, integrity and courage won the respect of subordinates, peers, and superiors alike. His natural leadership was founded upon an unusually sensitive understanding of other people, as well as upon his own precept and example. Under his able guidance, an important element of the Agency was developed from meager beginnings and achieved substantial accomplishments. Mr. Wisner's distinguished career, matched by very few other intelligence officers of any country or any time, contributed greatly to the security of the United States, in keeping with the best traditions of patriotic service and reflected high credit on him and the Central Intelligence Agency. (Taken in part from his citation in being awarded the Distinguished Intelligence Medal).","Wisner's early service career was characterized by his outstanding communication skills and superior management style. He openly shared information with his colleagues and was known for his methodical analysis and clarity of thought. He was responsible for gathering information and building communications between the Rumanians, Soviets, and British. He had a close relationship with Rica Georgescu which gave him access to high officials in the Rumanian government. For a time his close work with the Russians allowed him access to their daily bomb information.  He also obtained permission from the Rumanian government for the United States to evacuate thousands of allied prisoners of war.\n       He established a program to influence domestic and foreign media against communism. He collaborated closely with newspaper editors and journalists, giving them important public relations information that promoted patriotism. He also oversaw the finances of the CIA and strongly supported pro-American forces in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1951). \n     Wisner was passionate about stopping the spread of Communism, which came from his experiences in Rumania when he watched the Soviets plan to take over Eastern Europe. When the Soviets invaded Hungary in 1956, Wisner was devastated that the U. S. did not come to their aid. After this crushing blow, he struggled with illness, received psychological treatment and significantly reduced his workload, although he was still a consultant for the government, and a station chief in London from 1960 to 1962.     \n     After twenty-one years in the government service (from 1941 to 1962) he retired and directed his interests towards private industry where he felt that he could improve international business interests and promote the education of the public, particularly young people, in their knowledge of history and democracy.  He was involved in fund raising for St. Antony's College at Oxford, (with President William Deakin), and The Conservation Foundation.  He also studied the growth of several profitable companies, carefully invested in their stock and acted as a consultant to promote diversification and growth of the companies. He made investments in oil, land, farms, timber, and paper.  \n    As an attorney, he gave legal advice to colleagues, literary agents, and businesspersons and was an advisor for authors and publishers of novels about spies, former Nazis or world leaders. He helped to ensure that their manuscripts were historically accurate accounts or at least credible to readers. He was also keen to make sure that national security interests were always protected.\n    He made himself available to others who were interested in a career in the government. He studied resumes and gave very high recommendations to well- educated young people who showed promise. His letters from colleagues and friends reveal that he was a very kind person that cared about the careers of other people. He helped individuals from all over the world and in all positions in life with obtaining citizenship, visas or employment.\n    He worked under several presidents, Harry S. Truman, David Eisenhower, John Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson. He also worked very closely with other C.I.A. Directors including Allen W. Dulles, John McCone, and Richard Helms (who was initially Deputy to Wisner), as well as other well-known individuals in intelligence, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, ambassadors, diplomats, scholars, and journalists in the major American newspapers, including The New York Times and The Washington Post.  \n   He was also passionate about hunting and he travelled across the country and to Spain several times a year to attend shooting parties while discussing the problems of the world with his close friends. In addition to his love for hunting, he had been a star athlete in track and was eligible for the 1936 Olympics. In October of 1965, he succumbed to the illness that made him escalate between high and low mood swings, by taking his own life. Many of his friends wrote that he was a hero who gave his life for his country."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16333 Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, Albert and Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16333 Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, Albert and Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15049 Frank Gardiner Wisner Papers in Small Special Collections Library\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["MSS 15049 Frank Gardiner Wisner Papers in Small Special Collections Library"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner (1900-2001; 2 cubic feet) consists of letters, newspaper clippings,scrapbooks, and photographs from the life of Frank Gardiner Wisner including his intelligence career, track achievements and scholarship at the University of Virginia,  1932 Olympics in Los Angeles, and his family.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner (1900-2001; 2 cubic feet) consists of letters, newspaper clippings,scrapbooks, and photographs from the life of Frank Gardiner Wisner including his intelligence career, track achievements and scholarship at the University of Virginia,  1932 Olympics in Los Angeles, and his family."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Wisner, Frank, 1909-1965"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Gardiner Wisner who worked for the Central Intelligence Agency for more than two decades was born in 1909 in Laurel, Mississippi and attended boarding school at Woodberry Forest in Orange, Virginia, after completing high school in Laurel, Mississippi. He obtained his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Virginia (1934) and became an attorney for Carter, Ledyard \u0026amp; Milburn in New York from 1934 to 1947.  His intelligence career began in 1941 as an Officer of the Navy Censor's Office. From 1941 to 1946, he was promoted to positions of increasing responsibility with the Office of Naval Intelligence, the Office of Strategic Services, and the Strategic Services Unit. He received the Legion of Merit award and the Kings Insignia from the British Empire. In 1948, Mr. Wisner joined the Central Intelligence Agency, serving as Assistant Director for Policy Coordination until 1951, as Deputy Director (Plans) until 1959, and later as Chief of Station, London. In those demanding and difficult capacities, often under conditions of great stress, Mr. Wisner demonstrated a wide range of the most admirable qualities and talents, which he gave to the service of his country without stint. His breadth and depth of knowledge, his professional competence, his precise judgement, his utter dedication to duty, his imagination, resourcefulness, integrity and courage won the respect of subordinates, peers, and superiors alike. His natural leadership was founded upon an unusually sensitive understanding of other people, as well as upon his own precept and example. Under his able guidance, an important element of the Agency was developed from meager beginnings and achieved substantial accomplishments. Mr. Wisner's distinguished career, matched by very few other intelligence officers of any country or any time, contributed greatly to the security of the United States, in keeping with the best traditions of patriotic service and reflected high credit on him and the Central Intelligence Agency. (Taken in part from his citation in being awarded the Distinguished Intelligence Medal).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWisner's early service career was characterized by his outstanding communication skills and superior management style. He openly shared information with his colleagues and was known for his methodical analysis and clarity of thought. He was responsible for gathering information and building communications between the Rumanians, Soviets, and British. He had a close relationship with Rica Georgescu which gave him access to high officials in the Rumanian government. For a time his close work with the Russians allowed him access to their daily bomb information.  He also obtained permission from the Rumanian government for the United States to evacuate thousands of allied prisoners of war.\n       He established a program to influence domestic and foreign media against communism. He collaborated closely with newspaper editors and journalists, giving them important public relations information that promoted patriotism. He also oversaw the finances of the CIA and strongly supported pro-American forces in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1951). \n     Wisner was passionate about stopping the spread of Communism, which came from his experiences in Rumania when he watched the Soviets plan to take over Eastern Europe. When the Soviets invaded Hungary in 1956, Wisner was devastated that the U. S. did not come to their aid. After this crushing blow, he struggled with illness, received psychological treatment and significantly reduced his workload, although he was still a consultant for the government, and a station chief in London from 1960 to 1962.     \n     After twenty-one years in the government service (from 1941 to 1962) he retired and directed his interests towards private industry where he felt that he could improve international business interests and promote the education of the public, particularly young people, in their knowledge of history and democracy.  He was involved in fund raising for St. Antony's College at Oxford, (with President William Deakin), and The Conservation Foundation.  He also studied the growth of several profitable companies, carefully invested in their stock and acted as a consultant to promote diversification and growth of the companies. He made investments in oil, land, farms, timber, and paper.  \n    As an attorney, he gave legal advice to colleagues, literary agents, and businesspersons and was an advisor for authors and publishers of novels about spies, former Nazis or world leaders. He helped to ensure that their manuscripts were historically accurate accounts or at least credible to readers. He was also keen to make sure that national security interests were always protected.\n    He made himself available to others who were interested in a career in the government. He studied resumes and gave very high recommendations to well- educated young people who showed promise. His letters from colleagues and friends reveal that he was a very kind person that cared about the careers of other people. He helped individuals from all over the world and in all positions in life with obtaining citizenship, visas or employment.\n    He worked under several presidents, Harry S. Truman, David Eisenhower, John Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson. He also worked very closely with other C.I.A. Directors including Allen W. Dulles, John McCone, and Richard Helms (who was initially Deputy to Wisner), as well as other well-known individuals in intelligence, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, ambassadors, diplomats, scholars, and journalists in the major American newspapers, including The New York Times and The Washington Post.  \n   He was also passionate about hunting and he travelled across the country and to Spain several times a year to attend shooting parties while discussing the problems of the world with his close friends. In addition to his love for hunting, he had been a star athlete in track and was eligible for the 1936 Olympics. In October of 1965, he succumbed to the illness that made him escalate between high and low mood swings, by taking his own life. Many of his friends wrote that he was a hero who gave his life for his country.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_416","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_416.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/114086","title_filing_ssi":"Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner","title_ssm":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner"],"title_tesim":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997"],"text":["Chisholm Foundation collection on Frank Gardiner Wisner, 1909/1997","MSS 16333","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/416","photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","Scrapbooks","The collection is open for research use.","Frank Gardiner Wisner who worked for the Central Intelligence Agency for more than two decades was born in 1909 in Laurel, Mississippi and attended boarding school at Woodberry Forest in Orange, Virginia, after completing high school in Laurel, Mississippi. He obtained his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Virginia (1934) and became an attorney for Carter, Ledyard \u0026 Milburn in New York from 1934 to 1947.  His intelligence career began in 1941 as an Officer of the Navy Censor's Office. From 1941 to 1946, he was promoted to positions of increasing responsibility with the Office of Naval Intelligence, the Office of Strategic Services, and the Strategic Services Unit. He received the Legion of Merit award and the Kings Insignia from the British Empire. In 1948, Mr. Wisner joined the Central Intelligence Agency, serving as Assistant Director for Policy Coordination until 1951, as Deputy Director (Plans) until 1959, and later as Chief of Station, London. In those demanding and difficult capacities, often under conditions of great stress, Mr. Wisner demonstrated a wide range of the most admirable qualities and talents, which he gave to the service of his country without stint. His breadth and depth of knowledge, his professional competence, his precise judgement, his utter dedication to duty, his imagination, resourcefulness, integrity and courage won the respect of subordinates, peers, and superiors alike. His natural leadership was founded upon an unusually sensitive understanding of other people, as well as upon his own precept and example. Under his able guidance, an important element of the Agency was developed from meager beginnings and achieved substantial accomplishments. Mr. Wisner's distinguished career, matched by very few other intelligence officers of any country or any time, contributed greatly to the security of the United States, in keeping with the best traditions of patriotic service and reflected high credit on him and the Central Intelligence Agency. (Taken in part from his citation in being awarded the Distinguished Intelligence Medal).","Wisner's early service career was characterized by his outstanding communication skills and superior management style. He openly shared information with his colleagues and was known for his methodical analysis and clarity of thought. He was responsible for gathering information and building communications between the Rumanians, Soviets, and British. He had a close relationship with Rica Georgescu which gave him access to high officials in the Rumanian government. For a time his close work with the Russians allowed him access to their daily bomb information.  He also obtained permission from the Rumanian government for the United States to evacuate thousands of allied prisoners of war.\n       He established a program to influence domestic and foreign media against communism. He collaborated closely with newspaper editors and journalists, giving them important public relations information that promoted patriotism. He also oversaw the finances of the CIA and strongly supported pro-American forces in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1951). \n     Wisner was passionate about stopping the spread of Communism, which came from his experiences in Rumania when he watched the Soviets plan to take over Eastern Europe. When the Soviets invaded Hungary in 1956, Wisner was devastated that the U. S. did not come to their aid. After this crushing blow, he struggled with illness, received psychological treatment and significantly reduced his workload, although he was still a consultant for the government, and a station chief in London from 1960 to 1962.     \n     After twenty-one years in the government service (from 1941 to 1962) he retired and directed his interests towards private industry where he felt that he could improve international business interests and promote the education of the public, particularly young people, in their knowledge of history and democracy.  He was involved in fund raising for St. Antony's College at Oxford, (with President William Deakin), and The Conservation Foundation.  He also studied the growth of several profitable companies, carefully invested in their stock and acted as a consultant to promote diversification and growth of the companies. He made investments in oil, land, farms, timber, and paper.  \n    As an attorney, he gave legal advice to colleagues, literary agents, and businesspersons and was an advisor for authors and publishers of novels about spies, former Nazis or world leaders. He helped to ensure that their manuscripts were historically accurate accounts or at least credible to readers. He was also keen to make sure that national security interests were always protected.\n    He made himself available to others who were interested in a career in the government. He studied resumes and gave very high recommendations to well- educated young people who showed promise. His letters from colleagues and friends reveal that he was a very kind person that cared about the careers of other people. He helped individuals from all over the world and in all positions in life with obtaining citizenship, visas or employment.\n    He worked under several presidents, Harry S. Truman, David Eisenhower, John Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson. He also worked very closely with other C.I.A. Directors including Allen W. Dulles, John McCone, and Richard Helms (who was initially Deputy to Wisner), as well as other well-known individuals in intelligence, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, ambassadors, diplomats, scholars, and journalists in the major American newspapers, including The New York Times and The Washington Post.  \n   He was also passionate about hunting and he travelled across the country and to Spain several times a year to attend shooting parties while discussing the problems of the world with his close friends. In addition to his love for hunting, he had been a star athlete in track and was eligible for the 1936 Olympics. In October of 1965, he succumbed to the illness that made him escalate between high and low mood swings, by taking his own life. 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His breadth and depth of knowledge, his professional competence, his precise judgement, his utter dedication to duty, his imagination, resourcefulness, integrity and courage won the respect of subordinates, peers, and superiors alike. His natural leadership was founded upon an unusually sensitive understanding of other people, as well as upon his own precept and example. Under his able guidance, an important element of the Agency was developed from meager beginnings and achieved substantial accomplishments. Mr. Wisner's distinguished career, matched by very few other intelligence officers of any country or any time, contributed greatly to the security of the United States, in keeping with the best traditions of patriotic service and reflected high credit on him and the Central Intelligence Agency. 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He collaborated closely with newspaper editors and journalists, giving them important public relations information that promoted patriotism. He also oversaw the finances of the CIA and strongly supported pro-American forces in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1951). \n     Wisner was passionate about stopping the spread of Communism, which came from his experiences in Rumania when he watched the Soviets plan to take over Eastern Europe. When the Soviets invaded Hungary in 1956, Wisner was devastated that the U. S. did not come to their aid. 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He obtained his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Virginia (1934) and became an attorney for Carter, Ledyard \u0026amp; Milburn in New York from 1934 to 1947.  His intelligence career began in 1941 as an Officer of the Navy Censor's Office. From 1941 to 1946, he was promoted to positions of increasing responsibility with the Office of Naval Intelligence, the Office of Strategic Services, and the Strategic Services Unit. He received the Legion of Merit award and the Kings Insignia from the British Empire. In 1948, Mr. Wisner joined the Central Intelligence Agency, serving as Assistant Director for Policy Coordination until 1951, as Deputy Director (Plans) until 1959, and later as Chief of Station, London. In those demanding and difficult capacities, often under conditions of great stress, Mr. Wisner demonstrated a wide range of the most admirable qualities and talents, which he gave to the service of his country without stint. 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(Taken in part from his citation in being awarded the Distinguished Intelligence Medal).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWisner's early service career was characterized by his outstanding communication skills and superior management style. He openly shared information with his colleagues and was known for his methodical analysis and clarity of thought. He was responsible for gathering information and building communications between the Rumanians, Soviets, and British. He had a close relationship with Rica Georgescu which gave him access to high officials in the Rumanian government. For a time his close work with the Russians allowed him access to their daily bomb information.  He also obtained permission from the Rumanian government for the United States to evacuate thousands of allied prisoners of war.\n       He established a program to influence domestic and foreign media against communism. He collaborated closely with newspaper editors and journalists, giving them important public relations information that promoted patriotism. He also oversaw the finances of the CIA and strongly supported pro-American forces in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1951). \n     Wisner was passionate about stopping the spread of Communism, which came from his experiences in Rumania when he watched the Soviets plan to take over Eastern Europe. When the Soviets invaded Hungary in 1956, Wisner was devastated that the U. S. did not come to their aid. After this crushing blow, he struggled with illness, received psychological treatment and significantly reduced his workload, although he was still a consultant for the government, and a station chief in London from 1960 to 1962.     \n     After twenty-one years in the government service (from 1941 to 1962) he retired and directed his interests towards private industry where he felt that he could improve international business interests and promote the education of the public, particularly young people, in their knowledge of history and democracy.  He was involved in fund raising for St. Antony's College at Oxford, (with President William Deakin), and The Conservation Foundation.  He also studied the growth of several profitable companies, carefully invested in their stock and acted as a consultant to promote diversification and growth of the companies. 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For more information, see \"A Dairy Depicting the Experiences of DeWitt Cllinton Gallaher in the War Between the States While Serving in the Confederate Army\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15598, DeWitt Clinton Gallagher scrapbook and diary transcript, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 15598, DeWitt Clinton Gallagher scrapbook and diary transcript, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe DeWitt Clinton Gallaher scrapbook and diary transcript (1863-1925; 0.25 cubic feet) consists of a travel diary of New England and Europe (1869-1870), chronology of Civil War battles (October 1863- April 1865) and an album of newspaper clippings on general topics including the University of Virginia and Professor Basil Gildersleeve (1915-1925). 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E. B. Stuart, General Fitzhugh Lee, and General Thomas Rosser. He was also a student of Georgetown University, Washington and Lee University, Hampden-Sidney College, and the University of Virginia. He studied law in Berlin and was an attorney for more than half a century in Charleston, West Virginia.  For more information, see \"A Dairy Depicting the Experiences of DeWitt Cllinton Gallaher in the War Between the States While Serving in the Confederate Army\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["DeWitt Clinton Gallaher (1845-1926) of Jefferson County, Virginia (now West Virginia) and Waynesboro, Virginia served in the Army of Northern Virginia from October 1863 to April 1865 in the Company E, 1st Virginia Cavalry and on the staff of General J. E. B. Stuart, General Fitzhugh Lee, and General Thomas Rosser. He was also a student of Georgetown University, Washington and Lee University, Hampden-Sidney College, and the University of Virginia. He studied law in Berlin and was an attorney for more than half a century in Charleston, West Virginia.  For more information, see \"A Dairy Depicting the Experiences of DeWitt Cllinton Gallaher in the War Between the States While Serving in the Confederate Army\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15598, DeWitt Clinton Gallagher scrapbook and diary transcript, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 15598, DeWitt Clinton Gallagher scrapbook and diary transcript, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe DeWitt Clinton Gallaher scrapbook and diary transcript (1863-1925; 0.25 cubic feet) consists of a travel diary of New England and Europe (1869-1870), chronology of Civil War battles (October 1863- April 1865) and an album of newspaper clippings on general topics including the University of Virginia and Professor Basil Gildersleeve (1915-1925). The transcript of his travel diary contains vivid descriptions of his travels.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The DeWitt Clinton Gallaher scrapbook and diary transcript (1863-1925; 0.25 cubic feet) consists of a travel diary of New England and Europe (1869-1870), chronology of Civil War battles (October 1863- April 1865) and an album of newspaper clippings on general topics including the University of Virginia and Professor Basil Gildersleeve (1915-1925). The transcript of his travel diary contains vivid descriptions of his travels."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:18.647Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_909"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_79.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106879","title_ssm":["Frances Farmer papers"],"title_tesim":["Frances Farmer papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900 - 1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900 - 1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993"],"text":["Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993","MSS.93.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/79","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law librarians","Law libraries -- United States","University of Virginia. School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs","There are no restrictions.","Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.","The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eManual of Legal Bibliography\u003c/emph\u003e(The Michie Company, 1947) and edited\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Wilson Reader\u003c/emph\u003e(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation","Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"persname_ssim":["Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs","There are no restrictions.","Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.","The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.4 Linear Feet 6 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.4 Linear Feet 6 archival boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eManual of Legal Bibliography\u003c/emph\u003e(The Michie Company, 1947) and edited\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Wilson Reader\u003c/emph\u003e(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. 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Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope. The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s. The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated. Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law. Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born. Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_495#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_495","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_495","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_495","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_495","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_495.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/130866","title_ssm":["John Bassett Moore papers"],"title_tesim":["John Bassett Moore papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-1966"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1966"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Bassett Moore papers, 1894/1966"],"text":["John Bassett Moore papers, 1894/1966","MSS.78.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/495","Spanish-American War, 1898","clippings (information artifacts)","letters (correspondence)","Postage stamps","John Bassett Moore was born in Smyrna, Delaware, 3 December 1860.  He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880.  He then returned to Wilmington, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1883.  In 1885 he became a law clerk at the State Department, and in 1886 was made assistant secretary of State.  In 1891, he became professor of international law and diplomacy at Columbia University.","John Bassett Moore studied international law and was active in international affairs all his life.  In 1885 he started his first \"Digest of International Law,\" he was counselor to the Spanish-American Peace Commission of 1898, he represented the United States in the Dominican Arbitration of 1904, and in 1910 was the American representative to the Buenos Aires International Conference. In 1912 he became justice of the Permanent Court of International Arbitration at The Hague, in 1915 he was the chairman of the International High Commission organized by the Pan-American Financial Congress, and in 1923 he was United States ambassador extraordinary and president of the International Conference at The Hague.  From 1921 to 1928, he was one of the first judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice.","John Bassett Moore received many honorary degrees of doctor of law. In 1927, he received the Roosevelt Distinguished Service Medal.  Spain honored him with the Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabel the Catholic (1921), from China he received the White Grand Cordon with red Borders of the Order of the Jade (1938).","In February of 1951 the Society of International Law of the University of Virginia was named in honor of John Bassett Moore.  \"The society is well named, for it has been said that during his life, John Bassett Moore won a deserved place beside Hugo Grotius, the great Dutch jurist of the 17th Century, sometimes described as the 'Father of International Law'.\" (See: Virginia Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 2, p.5)","The John B. Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope.  The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s.  The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated.  Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law.  Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born.  Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law.","Arthur J. 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Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Moore, John Bassett, 1860-1947","Grimm, Margaret W.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Spanish-American War, 1898","clippings (information artifacts)","letters (correspondence)","Postage stamps"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Spanish-American War, 1898","clippings (information artifacts)","letters (correspondence)","Postage stamps"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".3 Linear Feet 1 small archival box (.3 linear ft.)"],"extent_tesim":[".3 Linear Feet 1 small archival box (.3 linear ft.)"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","letters (correspondence)","Postage stamps"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Bassett Moore was born in Smyrna, Delaware, 3 December 1860.  He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880.  He then returned to Wilmington, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1883.  In 1885 he became a law clerk at the State Department, and in 1886 was made assistant secretary of State.  In 1891, he became professor of international law and diplomacy at Columbia University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Bassett Moore studied international law and was active in international affairs all his life.  In 1885 he started his first \"Digest of International Law,\" he was counselor to the Spanish-American Peace Commission of 1898, he represented the United States in the Dominican Arbitration of 1904, and in 1910 was the American representative to the Buenos Aires International Conference. In 1912 he became justice of the Permanent Court of International Arbitration at The Hague, in 1915 he was the chairman of the International High Commission organized by the Pan-American Financial Congress, and in 1923 he was United States ambassador extraordinary and president of the International Conference at The Hague.  From 1921 to 1928, he was one of the first judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Bassett Moore received many honorary degrees of doctor of law. In 1927, he received the Roosevelt Distinguished Service Medal.  Spain honored him with the Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabel the Catholic (1921), from China he received the White Grand Cordon with red Borders of the Order of the Jade (1938).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn February of 1951 the Society of International Law of the University of Virginia was named in honor of John Bassett Moore.  \"The society is well named, for it has been said that during his life, John Bassett Moore won a deserved place beside Hugo Grotius, the great Dutch jurist of the 17th Century, sometimes described as the 'Father of International Law'.\" (See: Virginia Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 2, p.5)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Bassett Moore was born in Smyrna, Delaware, 3 December 1860.  He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880.  He then returned to Wilmington, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1883.  In 1885 he became a law clerk at the State Department, and in 1886 was made assistant secretary of State.  In 1891, he became professor of international law and diplomacy at Columbia University.","John Bassett Moore studied international law and was active in international affairs all his life.  In 1885 he started his first \"Digest of International Law,\" he was counselor to the Spanish-American Peace Commission of 1898, he represented the United States in the Dominican Arbitration of 1904, and in 1910 was the American representative to the Buenos Aires International Conference. In 1912 he became justice of the Permanent Court of International Arbitration at The Hague, in 1915 he was the chairman of the International High Commission organized by the Pan-American Financial Congress, and in 1923 he was United States ambassador extraordinary and president of the International Conference at The Hague.  From 1921 to 1928, he was one of the first judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice.","John Bassett Moore received many honorary degrees of doctor of law. In 1927, he received the Roosevelt Distinguished Service Medal.  Spain honored him with the Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabel the Catholic (1921), from China he received the White Grand Cordon with red Borders of the Order of the Jade (1938).","In February of 1951 the Society of International Law of the University of Virginia was named in honor of John Bassett Moore.  \"The society is well named, for it has been said that during his life, John Bassett Moore won a deserved place beside Hugo Grotius, the great Dutch jurist of the 17th Century, sometimes described as the 'Father of International Law'.\" (See: Virginia Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 2, p.5)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John B. Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope.  The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s.  The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated.  Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law.  Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born.  Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The John B. Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope.  The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s.  The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated.  Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law.  Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born.  Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. 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He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880.  He then returned to Wilmington, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1883.  In 1885 he became a law clerk at the State Department, and in 1886 was made assistant secretary of State.  In 1891, he became professor of international law and diplomacy at Columbia University.","John Bassett Moore studied international law and was active in international affairs all his life.  In 1885 he started his first \"Digest of International Law,\" he was counselor to the Spanish-American Peace Commission of 1898, he represented the United States in the Dominican Arbitration of 1904, and in 1910 was the American representative to the Buenos Aires International Conference. In 1912 he became justice of the Permanent Court of International Arbitration at The Hague, in 1915 he was the chairman of the International High Commission organized by the Pan-American Financial Congress, and in 1923 he was United States ambassador extraordinary and president of the International Conference at The Hague.  From 1921 to 1928, he was one of the first judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice.","John Bassett Moore received many honorary degrees of doctor of law. In 1927, he received the Roosevelt Distinguished Service Medal.  Spain honored him with the Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabel the Catholic (1921), from China he received the White Grand Cordon with red Borders of the Order of the Jade (1938).","In February of 1951 the Society of International Law of the University of Virginia was named in honor of John Bassett Moore.  \"The society is well named, for it has been said that during his life, John Bassett Moore won a deserved place beside Hugo Grotius, the great Dutch jurist of the 17th Century, sometimes described as the 'Father of International Law'.\" (See: Virginia Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 2, p.5)","The John B. Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope.  The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s.  The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated.  Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law.  Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born.  Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Moore, John Bassett, 1860-1947","Grimm, Margaret W.","English\n      French\n      Spanish; Castilian"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Bassett Moore papers, 1894/1966"],"collection_ssim":["John Bassett Moore papers, 1894/1966"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.78.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/495"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.78.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/495"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Moore, John Bassett, 1860-1947"],"creator_ssim":["Moore, John Bassett, 1860-1947"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moore, John Bassett, 1860-1947","Grimm, Margaret W."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Moore, John Bassett, 1860-1947","Grimm, Margaret W.","Arthur J. 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He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880.  He then returned to Wilmington, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1883.  In 1885 he became a law clerk at the State Department, and in 1886 was made assistant secretary of State.  In 1891, he became professor of international law and diplomacy at Columbia University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Bassett Moore studied international law and was active in international affairs all his life.  In 1885 he started his first \"Digest of International Law,\" he was counselor to the Spanish-American Peace Commission of 1898, he represented the United States in the Dominican Arbitration of 1904, and in 1910 was the American representative to the Buenos Aires International Conference. In 1912 he became justice of the Permanent Court of International Arbitration at The Hague, in 1915 he was the chairman of the International High Commission organized by the Pan-American Financial Congress, and in 1923 he was United States ambassador extraordinary and president of the International Conference at The Hague.  From 1921 to 1928, he was one of the first judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Bassett Moore received many honorary degrees of doctor of law. In 1927, he received the Roosevelt Distinguished Service Medal.  Spain honored him with the Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabel the Catholic (1921), from China he received the White Grand Cordon with red Borders of the Order of the Jade (1938).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn February of 1951 the Society of International Law of the University of Virginia was named in honor of John Bassett Moore.  \"The society is well named, for it has been said that during his life, John Bassett Moore won a deserved place beside Hugo Grotius, the great Dutch jurist of the 17th Century, sometimes described as the 'Father of International Law'.\" (See: Virginia Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 2, p.5)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Bassett Moore was born in Smyrna, Delaware, 3 December 1860.  He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880.  He then returned to Wilmington, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1883.  In 1885 he became a law clerk at the State Department, and in 1886 was made assistant secretary of State.  In 1891, he became professor of international law and diplomacy at Columbia University.","John Bassett Moore studied international law and was active in international affairs all his life.  In 1885 he started his first \"Digest of International Law,\" he was counselor to the Spanish-American Peace Commission of 1898, he represented the United States in the Dominican Arbitration of 1904, and in 1910 was the American representative to the Buenos Aires International Conference. In 1912 he became justice of the Permanent Court of International Arbitration at The Hague, in 1915 he was the chairman of the International High Commission organized by the Pan-American Financial Congress, and in 1923 he was United States ambassador extraordinary and president of the International Conference at The Hague.  From 1921 to 1928, he was one of the first judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice.","John Bassett Moore received many honorary degrees of doctor of law. In 1927, he received the Roosevelt Distinguished Service Medal.  Spain honored him with the Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabel the Catholic (1921), from China he received the White Grand Cordon with red Borders of the Order of the Jade (1938).","In February of 1951 the Society of International Law of the University of Virginia was named in honor of John Bassett Moore.  \"The society is well named, for it has been said that during his life, John Bassett Moore won a deserved place beside Hugo Grotius, the great Dutch jurist of the 17th Century, sometimes described as the 'Father of International Law'.\" (See: Virginia Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 2, p.5)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John B. Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope.  The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s.  The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated.  Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law.  Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born.  Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The John B. Moore papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, handwritten drafts, and a 1966 John Bassett Moore commemorative postage stamp and envelope.  The donors of these items are unknown, although probably some papers were found by the librarian in the books Moore donated to the Law School in the 1920s.  The approximately forty items span the years 1894 to 1966 and, for the most part, are unrelated.  Of possible historical interest are letters, some in Spanish and French, and a few clippings about the Spanish-American War and international law.  Of biographical interest are letters Moore wrote from 1936 to 1941 to Margaret W. Grimm, who lived in the house in Smyrna, Delaware, where Moore was born.  Finally, there is a 1966 special series stamp commemorating John B. Moore as a prominent American educator, diplomat, and authority on international law."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. 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There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_881#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_881.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/781","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk Poet's Club records","title_ssm":["Norfolk Poet's Club records"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk Poet's Club records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896; 1912-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896; 1912-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983"],"text":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983","MSS 14245","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/881","letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)","This collection is open for research use.","This collection is arranged into 5 series. Series 1. Manuscripts; Series 2. Correspondence; Series 3. Press releases, newspaper clippings, and printed items; Series 4. Scrapbooks (and acccount book of poems sold to publications); Series 5. Miscellaneous (hobbies of Josephine Johnson and business receipts from 1896 {Turner Family])","The Norfolk Poet's Club originally consisted of five women: Josephine Johnson, her sister Julia Johnson Davis, Mary Sinton Leach, Virginia Taylor McCormick, and Virginia Lynne Tunstall. In 1921, they sponsored the formation of a literary magazine called \"The Lyric\" (originally edited by John R. Moreland) which has been called \"America's oldest traditional poetry magazine of independent and continuous publication,\" and has operated under different editorships for over 50 years. \nSource:\nDealers notes","Josephine Johnson, one of the outstanding poets in the country, and a sonneteer of note, was awarded first prize for her collection of poems, \"The Unwilling Gypsy,\" in the sixth book publication contest of the Kaleidograph Press, Dallas, Texas in 1936. Miss Johnson was vice-president of the poetry Society of Virginia, and a member of the Poetry Society of America, the Catholic Poetry Society, and the Writers' Club of Norfolk. She was born in Norfolk and attended the University of Virginia and Harvard College. Her poems have appeared in \"The American Mercury\", \"The New Republic\", \"Harpers Magazine\", \"The London Mercury, \"The Commonwealth\", \"The Personalist\", \"The New York Times\", \"The New York Sun\", and the \"Boston Transcript\". Josephine Johnson \"is a poet of a single theme-that of life's challenge to the spirit to endure.z'\nSource:\nScrapbook","William Stanley Braithwaite (1878-1962)was a poet, editor, publisher, and anthologist who was born and raised in Boston, Massachussetts. In 1890 upon his father's death, he had to quit school and educate himself while working as a typesetter in a Boston printing firm. He developed a love of lyric poetry and wrote several poems that were published. Writing a regular column for the \"Boston Transcript\" he brought serious attention to the works of many African American poets and eventually edited \"The Anthology of Magazine Verse\". Throughout the years of compiling the Anthology, he remained committed to the notion that verse should be an expression of spiritual truth and eternal beauty beyond what he conceived of as the limits of merely political or racial concerns. He introduced the general poetry-reading public to a wide range of African American voices they might otherwise never have heard.\nSource:\nDealers notes","Norfolk Poet's Club Records (1912-1983; 2 cubic feet) include manuscripts of Josephine Johnson and Margaret Haley Carpenter; and correspondence of Mary Sinton Leitch, Josephine Johnson, Julia Johnson Davis, and William Stanley Braithwaite. There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 14245","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/881"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 14245","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/881"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Cubic Feet 4 oversize boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Cubic Feet 4 oversize boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["6 scrapbooks"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into 5 series. Series 1. Manuscripts; Series 2. Correspondence; Series 3. Press releases, newspaper clippings, and printed items; Series 4. Scrapbooks (and acccount book of poems sold to publications); Series 5. Miscellaneous (hobbies of Josephine Johnson and business receipts from 1896 {Turner Family])\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into 5 series. Series 1. Manuscripts; Series 2. Correspondence; Series 3. Press releases, newspaper clippings, and printed items; Series 4. Scrapbooks (and acccount book of poems sold to publications); Series 5. Miscellaneous (hobbies of Josephine Johnson and business receipts from 1896 {Turner Family])"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk Poet's Club originally consisted of five women: Josephine Johnson, her sister Julia Johnson Davis, Mary Sinton Leach, Virginia Taylor McCormick, and Virginia Lynne Tunstall. In 1921, they sponsored the formation of a literary magazine called \"The Lyric\" (originally edited by John R. Moreland) which has been called \"America's oldest traditional poetry magazine of independent and continuous publication,\" and has operated under different editorships for over 50 years. \nSource:\nDealers notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJosephine Johnson, one of the outstanding poets in the country, and a sonneteer of note, was awarded first prize for her collection of poems, \"The Unwilling Gypsy,\" in the sixth book publication contest of the Kaleidograph Press, Dallas, Texas in 1936. Miss Johnson was vice-president of the poetry Society of Virginia, and a member of the Poetry Society of America, the Catholic Poetry Society, and the Writers' Club of Norfolk. She was born in Norfolk and attended the University of Virginia and Harvard College. Her poems have appeared in \"The American Mercury\", \"The New Republic\", \"Harpers Magazine\", \"The London Mercury, \"The Commonwealth\", \"The Personalist\", \"The New York Times\", \"The New York Sun\", and the \"Boston Transcript\". Josephine Johnson \"is a poet of a single theme-that of life's challenge to the spirit to endure.z'\nSource:\nScrapbook\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Stanley Braithwaite (1878-1962)was a poet, editor, publisher, and anthologist who was born and raised in Boston, Massachussetts. In 1890 upon his father's death, he had to quit school and educate himself while working as a typesetter in a Boston printing firm. He developed a love of lyric poetry and wrote several poems that were published. Writing a regular column for the \"Boston Transcript\" he brought serious attention to the works of many African American poets and eventually edited \"The Anthology of Magazine Verse\". Throughout the years of compiling the Anthology, he remained committed to the notion that verse should be an expression of spiritual truth and eternal beauty beyond what he conceived of as the limits of merely political or racial concerns. He introduced the general poetry-reading public to a wide range of African American voices they might otherwise never have heard.\nSource:\nDealers notes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk Poet's Club originally consisted of five women: Josephine Johnson, her sister Julia Johnson Davis, Mary Sinton Leach, Virginia Taylor McCormick, and Virginia Lynne Tunstall. In 1921, they sponsored the formation of a literary magazine called \"The Lyric\" (originally edited by John R. Moreland) which has been called \"America's oldest traditional poetry magazine of independent and continuous publication,\" and has operated under different editorships for over 50 years. \nSource:\nDealers notes","Josephine Johnson, one of the outstanding poets in the country, and a sonneteer of note, was awarded first prize for her collection of poems, \"The Unwilling Gypsy,\" in the sixth book publication contest of the Kaleidograph Press, Dallas, Texas in 1936. Miss Johnson was vice-president of the poetry Society of Virginia, and a member of the Poetry Society of America, the Catholic Poetry Society, and the Writers' Club of Norfolk. She was born in Norfolk and attended the University of Virginia and Harvard College. Her poems have appeared in \"The American Mercury\", \"The New Republic\", \"Harpers Magazine\", \"The London Mercury, \"The Commonwealth\", \"The Personalist\", \"The New York Times\", \"The New York Sun\", and the \"Boston Transcript\". Josephine Johnson \"is a poet of a single theme-that of life's challenge to the spirit to endure.z'\nSource:\nScrapbook","William Stanley Braithwaite (1878-1962)was a poet, editor, publisher, and anthologist who was born and raised in Boston, Massachussetts. In 1890 upon his father's death, he had to quit school and educate himself while working as a typesetter in a Boston printing firm. He developed a love of lyric poetry and wrote several poems that were published. Writing a regular column for the \"Boston Transcript\" he brought serious attention to the works of many African American poets and eventually edited \"The Anthology of Magazine Verse\". Throughout the years of compiling the Anthology, he remained committed to the notion that verse should be an expression of spiritual truth and eternal beauty beyond what he conceived of as the limits of merely political or racial concerns. He introduced the general poetry-reading public to a wide range of African American voices they might otherwise never have heard.\nSource:\nDealers notes"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 14245 Norfolk Poet's Club records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 14245 Norfolk Poet's Club records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorfolk Poet's Club Records (1912-1983; 2 cubic feet) include manuscripts of Josephine Johnson and Margaret Haley Carpenter; and correspondence of Mary Sinton Leitch, Josephine Johnson, Julia Johnson Davis, and William Stanley Braithwaite. There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Norfolk Poet's Club Records (1912-1983; 2 cubic feet) include manuscripts of Josephine Johnson and Margaret Haley Carpenter; and correspondence of Mary Sinton Leitch, Josephine Johnson, Julia Johnson Davis, and William Stanley Braithwaite. There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:18.647Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_881","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_881.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/781","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk Poet's Club records","title_ssm":["Norfolk Poet's Club records"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk Poet's Club records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896; 1912-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896; 1912-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983"],"text":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983","MSS 14245","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/881","letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)","This collection is open for research use.","This collection is arranged into 5 series. Series 1. Manuscripts; Series 2. Correspondence; Series 3. Press releases, newspaper clippings, and printed items; Series 4. Scrapbooks (and acccount book of poems sold to publications); Series 5. Miscellaneous (hobbies of Josephine Johnson and business receipts from 1896 {Turner Family])","The Norfolk Poet's Club originally consisted of five women: Josephine Johnson, her sister Julia Johnson Davis, Mary Sinton Leach, Virginia Taylor McCormick, and Virginia Lynne Tunstall. In 1921, they sponsored the formation of a literary magazine called \"The Lyric\" (originally edited by John R. Moreland) which has been called \"America's oldest traditional poetry magazine of independent and continuous publication,\" and has operated under different editorships for over 50 years. \nSource:\nDealers notes","Josephine Johnson, one of the outstanding poets in the country, and a sonneteer of note, was awarded first prize for her collection of poems, \"The Unwilling Gypsy,\" in the sixth book publication contest of the Kaleidograph Press, Dallas, Texas in 1936. Miss Johnson was vice-president of the poetry Society of Virginia, and a member of the Poetry Society of America, the Catholic Poetry Society, and the Writers' Club of Norfolk. She was born in Norfolk and attended the University of Virginia and Harvard College. Her poems have appeared in \"The American Mercury\", \"The New Republic\", \"Harpers Magazine\", \"The London Mercury, \"The Commonwealth\", \"The Personalist\", \"The New York Times\", \"The New York Sun\", and the \"Boston Transcript\". Josephine Johnson \"is a poet of a single theme-that of life's challenge to the spirit to endure.z'\nSource:\nScrapbook","William Stanley Braithwaite (1878-1962)was a poet, editor, publisher, and anthologist who was born and raised in Boston, Massachussetts. In 1890 upon his father's death, he had to quit school and educate himself while working as a typesetter in a Boston printing firm. He developed a love of lyric poetry and wrote several poems that were published. Writing a regular column for the \"Boston Transcript\" he brought serious attention to the works of many African American poets and eventually edited \"The Anthology of Magazine Verse\". Throughout the years of compiling the Anthology, he remained committed to the notion that verse should be an expression of spiritual truth and eternal beauty beyond what he conceived of as the limits of merely political or racial concerns. He introduced the general poetry-reading public to a wide range of African American voices they might otherwise never have heard.\nSource:\nDealers notes","Norfolk Poet's Club Records (1912-1983; 2 cubic feet) include manuscripts of Josephine Johnson and Margaret Haley Carpenter; and correspondence of Mary Sinton Leitch, Josephine Johnson, Julia Johnson Davis, and William Stanley Braithwaite. There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Poet's Club records, 1896/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 14245","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/881"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 14245","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/881"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Cubic Feet 4 oversize boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Cubic Feet 4 oversize boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["6 scrapbooks"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","poetry","clippings (information artifacts)"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into 5 series. Series 1. Manuscripts; Series 2. Correspondence; Series 3. Press releases, newspaper clippings, and printed items; Series 4. Scrapbooks (and acccount book of poems sold to publications); Series 5. Miscellaneous (hobbies of Josephine Johnson and business receipts from 1896 {Turner Family])\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into 5 series. Series 1. Manuscripts; Series 2. Correspondence; Series 3. Press releases, newspaper clippings, and printed items; Series 4. Scrapbooks (and acccount book of poems sold to publications); Series 5. Miscellaneous (hobbies of Josephine Johnson and business receipts from 1896 {Turner Family])"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk Poet's Club originally consisted of five women: Josephine Johnson, her sister Julia Johnson Davis, Mary Sinton Leach, Virginia Taylor McCormick, and Virginia Lynne Tunstall. In 1921, they sponsored the formation of a literary magazine called \"The Lyric\" (originally edited by John R. Moreland) which has been called \"America's oldest traditional poetry magazine of independent and continuous publication,\" and has operated under different editorships for over 50 years. \nSource:\nDealers notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJosephine Johnson, one of the outstanding poets in the country, and a sonneteer of note, was awarded first prize for her collection of poems, \"The Unwilling Gypsy,\" in the sixth book publication contest of the Kaleidograph Press, Dallas, Texas in 1936. Miss Johnson was vice-president of the poetry Society of Virginia, and a member of the Poetry Society of America, the Catholic Poetry Society, and the Writers' Club of Norfolk. She was born in Norfolk and attended the University of Virginia and Harvard College. Her poems have appeared in \"The American Mercury\", \"The New Republic\", \"Harpers Magazine\", \"The London Mercury, \"The Commonwealth\", \"The Personalist\", \"The New York Times\", \"The New York Sun\", and the \"Boston Transcript\". Josephine Johnson \"is a poet of a single theme-that of life's challenge to the spirit to endure.z'\nSource:\nScrapbook\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Stanley Braithwaite (1878-1962)was a poet, editor, publisher, and anthologist who was born and raised in Boston, Massachussetts. In 1890 upon his father's death, he had to quit school and educate himself while working as a typesetter in a Boston printing firm. He developed a love of lyric poetry and wrote several poems that were published. Writing a regular column for the \"Boston Transcript\" he brought serious attention to the works of many African American poets and eventually edited \"The Anthology of Magazine Verse\". Throughout the years of compiling the Anthology, he remained committed to the notion that verse should be an expression of spiritual truth and eternal beauty beyond what he conceived of as the limits of merely political or racial concerns. He introduced the general poetry-reading public to a wide range of African American voices they might otherwise never have heard.\nSource:\nDealers notes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk Poet's Club originally consisted of five women: Josephine Johnson, her sister Julia Johnson Davis, Mary Sinton Leach, Virginia Taylor McCormick, and Virginia Lynne Tunstall. In 1921, they sponsored the formation of a literary magazine called \"The Lyric\" (originally edited by John R. Moreland) which has been called \"America's oldest traditional poetry magazine of independent and continuous publication,\" and has operated under different editorships for over 50 years. \nSource:\nDealers notes","Josephine Johnson, one of the outstanding poets in the country, and a sonneteer of note, was awarded first prize for her collection of poems, \"The Unwilling Gypsy,\" in the sixth book publication contest of the Kaleidograph Press, Dallas, Texas in 1936. Miss Johnson was vice-president of the poetry Society of Virginia, and a member of the Poetry Society of America, the Catholic Poetry Society, and the Writers' Club of Norfolk. She was born in Norfolk and attended the University of Virginia and Harvard College. Her poems have appeared in \"The American Mercury\", \"The New Republic\", \"Harpers Magazine\", \"The London Mercury, \"The Commonwealth\", \"The Personalist\", \"The New York Times\", \"The New York Sun\", and the \"Boston Transcript\". Josephine Johnson \"is a poet of a single theme-that of life's challenge to the spirit to endure.z'\nSource:\nScrapbook","William Stanley Braithwaite (1878-1962)was a poet, editor, publisher, and anthologist who was born and raised in Boston, Massachussetts. In 1890 upon his father's death, he had to quit school and educate himself while working as a typesetter in a Boston printing firm. He developed a love of lyric poetry and wrote several poems that were published. Writing a regular column for the \"Boston Transcript\" he brought serious attention to the works of many African American poets and eventually edited \"The Anthology of Magazine Verse\". Throughout the years of compiling the Anthology, he remained committed to the notion that verse should be an expression of spiritual truth and eternal beauty beyond what he conceived of as the limits of merely political or racial concerns. He introduced the general poetry-reading public to a wide range of African American voices they might otherwise never have heard.\nSource:\nDealers notes"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 14245 Norfolk Poet's Club records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 14245 Norfolk Poet's Club records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorfolk Poet's Club Records (1912-1983; 2 cubic feet) include manuscripts of Josephine Johnson and Margaret Haley Carpenter; and correspondence of Mary Sinton Leitch, Josephine Johnson, Julia Johnson Davis, and William Stanley Braithwaite. There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Norfolk Poet's Club Records (1912-1983; 2 cubic feet) include manuscripts of Josephine Johnson and Margaret Haley Carpenter; and correspondence of Mary Sinton Leitch, Josephine Johnson, Julia Johnson Davis, and William Stanley Braithwaite. There are also press releases, newspaper clippings, printed items, and scrapbooks about these poets and editors and their colleagues as well as their poetry and the creative writing process."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:18.647Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_881"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_555#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bonnie, Richard J.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_555#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_555#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_555.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136818","title_ssm":["Richard J. Bonnie papers"],"title_tesim":["Richard J. Bonnie papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1913-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016"],"text":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016","MSS.81.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/555","Competency to stand trial -- United States","Death row -- Virginia","Drug abuse -- United States","Human rights -- United States","Insanity (Law) -- United States","Marijuana -- Law and legislation","Mental health laws -- Virginia","Mental health laws -- United States","Political prisoners -- Soviet Union","Psychiatry -- Soviet Union","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","clippings (information artifacts)","The Bonnie papers remain grouped as they were received.","MSS 81-9 contains clippings on the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, or Shafer Commission.","MSS 81-9a: contains public service files (almost exclusively relating to drug issues); professional activities (relating mainly to drugs and the insanity defense); University of Virginia, primarily the Law School; general correspondence and related files.","MSS 81-9b contains miscellaneous papers relating to Bonnie's work with a task force organized to study alcohol and drug abuse at the University of Virginia, 1986-1987.","MSS 81-9c includes assorted papers on alcohol and drug law, psychiatry, the Graduate Program for Judges, and the University of Virginia, as well as general correspondence for 1985-1986.","MSS 81-9d comprises files dated 1972 to 1990 dealing with the death penalty -- case files of eight death row inmates (four of whom were represented by Bonnie), and professional papers concerning the issue of mental competency. The case files consist mainly of records and briefs, but also include background material and correspondence.  Most notable are those materials, such as psychiatric evaluations and clinical interviews, which pertain to the issue of mental competency.  Bonnie's professional papers also include  scholarly articles and transcripts of speeches dealing with this topic.  Researchers must have Professor Bonnie's permission for access to the death row case files.","Also of note in these papers are files dealing with Bonnie's 1989 visit to the Soviet Union as a member of a delegation investigating psychiatric abuses in that country.  These files contain the delegation's official report, travel accounts, interviews with Soviet psychiatric patients, and translations of various Soviet laws and regulations.  Researchers whose interest is human rights in the Soviet Union will find these files useful, as they contain primary source material on the role of the Soviet psychiatric profession in suppressing dissent.\n    \nMSS 81-9f concerns the 1990 death penalty appeal of Joe Giarratano, including the clemency petition documents to Governor Douglas M. Wilder, as well as psychiatric evaluations, tests and studies, review of the facts, letters of support for Giarratano, and correspondence with him.  Researchers must have Richard Bonnie's permission for access to the Giarratano files.  This addition also contains some files concerning the 1990 Soviet Psychiatry Project.","MSS 81-9g includes Law School files restricted to researchers having access permission from the Dean's Office, as well as unrestricted files for other Law School and University committees.  In addition are papers of the American Psychiatric Association [APA], the State Human Rights Committee [SHRC], the Virginia Bar Association [VBA], the Virginia Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation [VDMHMR], and the Marihuana Project. There are other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9h contains a large group of documents from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) related to the report on the Nicotine Study regarding the prevention of tobacco use by children and youths.  Additional death row files, including Joe Giarratano's (restricted), and other professional matters are part of this addition.","MSS 81-9i consists of files related to Soviet psychiatry and the 1991 visit of members of the World Psychiatry Association trip to the U.S.S.R.  The remaining boxes concern other professional interests, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Institute of Medicine's study on nicotine, Medicine in the Public Interest, capital punishment, as well as law school matters.","MSS 81-9j contains professional files related to the Law School, the Institute of Medicine, and Virginia Bar Association files related to criminal law and on the mentally disabled.","MSS 81-9k contains Professor Bonnie's activities report; files on CPDD (College on Problems of Drug Dependence); correspondence, and client files. Also APA Council files, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, State Human Rights Study, and other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9l contains files on issues concerning the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, and the Institute of Medicine that relate to earlier accessions of Bonnie's papers. In addition, there is more recent correspondence with Svetlana Polubinskaya.","MSS 81-9m contains restricted files that will be open in 2040.","MSS 81-9n consists of miscellaneous files related to Soviet Psychiatry and USA v. Russell Eugene Weston, Jr.","MSS 81-9o contains working professional files, mainly of the American Psychiatry Association Council, elder abuse and neglect files, and client files.","MSS 81-9p consists of APA Files, committee files, and some Russian documents pertaining to mental health law and protection for the disabled. The Atkins v. Virginia files pertaining to Prof. Bonnie's work on the special sub-committee of the Virginia State Crime Commission to revise the issues of the Supreme Court Case, and to assemble a Clinical Advisory Group (CAG) to assist the sub-committee in August of 2002.","MSS 81-9q was merged with MSS 81-9r.","MSS 81-9r is divided in two parts.  The first part include files related to Bonnie's work in mental health law internationally and in the United States.  The majority of the files contain documents from the GIP [Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry] work on former Soviet republics and the Network of Reformers in Psychiatry files.  There are miscellaneous professional files, clients' files [restricted], correspondence files, and University of Virginia and Law School files. The second part is entirely related to the Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia (2001 - 2010).","MSS 81-9s relates to the work and organization of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP), an international nonprofit organization established in 1980 to eradicate the political abuse of psychiatry, mainly in the Soviet Union and Romania. The collection also includes files on China's Mental Health Reform, the World Psychiatric Association China Mission, some Czech and Serbia files related to mental health, and the Scottish Law Commission. In addition, there are IOM (Institute of Medicine) files regarding Bonnie's work on the Committee on Improving Health, Safety and Well-being of Young Adults, and the Committee on Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, and State of Virginia files related to mental health.","MSS 81-9t consists of APA [American Psychiatric Association] Committee on Judicial Action files and Council on Psychiatry and Law files, Virginia Commission for Mental Health Reform files, College Mental Health Study files, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy files, and other miscellaneous documents. All complement previous installments of documents.  Researchers are encouraged to read all guides.","Richard Jeffrey Bonnie, John S. Battle Professor of Law and Director of the Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy at the University of Virginia, is a recognized authority in the fields of mental health, drug law, and criminal law.  In addition to his roles at the Law School, where he began teaching in 1969, Bonnie has worked for the federal government in various capacities, and as a private consultant.","Born in 1945 at Richmond, Virginia, Bonnie received his bachelor of arts degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1966, and his law degree from Virginia three years later. He ranked first in his law school class, served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review, and belonged to the Order of the Coif and the Raven Society.","Following graduation, Bonnie taught at the Law School for a year before becoming associate director of the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, serving from 1971 to 1973. In March 1972, the commission, under the direction of former Pennsylvania governor Raymond P. Shafer, unanimously recommended the decriminalization of consumption-related marijuana offenses. Although the report was endorsed by organizations such as the National Council of Churches and the National Education Association, it was quickly rejected by President Nixon and drew only a mixed response from state legislatures.  An amendment to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, drafted partially by Bonnie and incorporating the commission's findings, was approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1973.\n \n     \"From 1972 through 1977,\" Bonnie writes in the preface to his 1980 book, Marijuana Use and Criminal Sanctions, \"I was actively involved in the effort to win legislative support for reforming the marijuana laws (p. iii).\"  During most of these years he was also teaching at the Law School (having returned in the fall of 1973), but he found time to participate in the marijuana reform movement in several ways. Bonnie was appointed to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975-1980), served as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, and helped write President Ford's White Paper on Drug Abuse in 1975.  He testified on marijuana policy before two U.S. Senate subcommittees and 15 state legislative committees, and in 1976-1977 helped the National Governors' Conference develop its study on state marijuana penalties and policies.  In 1977 he visited several European countries for the federal government, in part to explain the Carter administration's endorsement of marijuana decriminalization.\n    \n    Besides Marijuana Use, Bonnie also co-authored The Marihuana Conviction (1974) with Virginia colleague Charles H. Whitebread II, as well as numerous articles on marijuana and drug law for scholarly journals and periodicals, ranging from the Washington Post to the National Enquirer.\n    \n    In the 1980s, Bonnie began to move away from drug law and turn his attention more to the fields of psychiatry, mental health, and criminal law. He was chairman of the State Human Rights Committee (1979-1985), which was responsible for protecting the rights of the mentally ill and intellectually disabled in Virginia's public institutions, and co-authored a casebook on criminal law (1982) with Virginia professors Peter W. Low and John C. Jeffries, Jr.  Bonnie became a noted expert on the insanity defense, a heated issue following the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr., in 1982, for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.\n    \nRichard J. Bonnie teaches and writes about criminal law, bioethics, and public policies relating to mental health, substance abuse, and public health. He is Harrison Foundation Professor of Medicine and Law in the School of Law, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the School of Medicine, and Professor of Public Policy in the Frank S. Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.","Bonnie has been actively involved in public service throughout his academic career. He was an advisor to the White House office on drug policy from 1973-77 and secretary of the first National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975‐80). From 1979‐1985, he was Chairman of Virginia's State Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for protecting the rights of residents and clients of Virginia's public services system for behavioral health and developmental disabilities. He also chaired the Commonwealth's influential Commission on Mental Health Law Reform from 2006-2011, at the request of the Chief Justice of Virginia.","Bonnie served from 1981‐88 on the Advisory Board for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards Project, from 2004‐2007 on the ABA Task Force on Mental Illness and the Death Penalty, and is currently serving on an ABA Task Force charged with revising the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards.\n    \nHe has served on three John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks – on Mental Health and the Law (1986-1996), Mandated Community Treatment (2000-10), and Law and Neuroscience (since 2006). He has served as an advisor to the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law since 1979, and also serves as an advisor to the Committee on Ethics, Law and Humanities of the American Academy of Neurology.","Bonnie was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and has chaired and served on numerous IOM/NRC consensus studies, ranging from elder abuse to underage drinking. He recently chaired landmark studies on tobacco policy, Ending the Tobacco Problem (2007) and juvenile justice, Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (2013). He has served on governing Boards of both the IOM and NRC, including the IOM Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, the NRC Committee on Law and Justice, and the NRC Board on the Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and is currently serving on the NRC Board on Cognitive, Behavioral and Sensory Sciences. In 2002 he was awarded the Yarmolinsky Medal for his extraordinary service to the IOM and the National Academies. \n    \nhttps://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/rjb6f/1146996","This collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016.","This collection includes drug related issues, decriminalization of marijuana and insanity defense; extra teaching activities at the University of Virginia; case files on death row inmates; professional files related to issues of mental competency; visit to the Soviet Union as member of US delegation invited to investigated the political abuse of psychiatry; files from the State [Virginia] Human Rights Commission, American Bar Association, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy; Virginia Department of Health and Mental Retardation, State Human Rights Committee, Virginia Bar Association; Institute of Medicine related to the Nicotine Study for prevention of tobacco use by children and youth; Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry; Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia; China Mental Health Reform; Scottish Law Commission and files regarding mental health law in the Czech Republic, Georgia and Serbia; College Mental Health Study files are some of the topics researcher can find in these papers.","An extensive general correspondence file contains materials related to his work in the Law School and other activities; correspondence touching on most of his professional and consulting activities typically may be found with related papers in the appropriate series.  There are very few personal papers.","The collection should be useful to anyone researching drug law, particularly the debate over the decriminalization of marijuana and the rise in drug usage in the 1970s -- an era of great ferment for the drug issue in the United States.  Clippings, correspondence, legislative testimony, the materials of special interest groups like NORML, and the notes for Bonnie's books convey the thoughts and attitudes that shaped the drug issue during these years.  There is a similar, if not as extensive, collection of materials on the insanity defense from the early 1980s.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association","Bonnie, Richard J.","English\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.81.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/555"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.81.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/555"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"creator_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association"],"creators_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Professor Bonnie has donated his papers to the Arthur J. Morris Library in 1981, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Competency to stand trial -- United States","Death row -- Virginia","Drug abuse -- United States","Human rights -- United States","Insanity (Law) -- United States","Marijuana -- Law and legislation","Mental health laws -- Virginia","Mental health laws -- United States","Political prisoners -- Soviet Union","Psychiatry -- Soviet Union","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","clippings (information artifacts)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Competency to stand trial -- United States","Death row -- Virginia","Drug abuse -- United States","Human rights -- United States","Insanity (Law) -- United States","Marijuana -- Law and legislation","Mental health laws -- Virginia","Mental health laws -- United States","Political prisoners -- Soviet Union","Psychiatry -- Soviet Union","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","clippings (information artifacts)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["98 Linear Feet 196 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["98 Linear Feet 196 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)"],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bonnie papers remain grouped as they were received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9 contains clippings on the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, or Shafer Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9a: contains public service files (almost exclusively relating to drug issues); professional activities (relating mainly to drugs and the insanity defense); University of Virginia, primarily the Law School; general correspondence and related files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9b contains miscellaneous papers relating to Bonnie's work with a task force organized to study alcohol and drug abuse at the University of Virginia, 1986-1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9c includes assorted papers on alcohol and drug law, psychiatry, the Graduate Program for Judges, and the University of Virginia, as well as general correspondence for 1985-1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9d comprises files dated 1972 to 1990 dealing with the death penalty -- case files of eight death row inmates (four of whom were represented by Bonnie), and professional papers concerning the issue of mental competency. The case files consist mainly of records and briefs, but also include background material and correspondence.  Most notable are those materials, such as psychiatric evaluations and clinical interviews, which pertain to the issue of mental competency.  Bonnie's professional papers also include  scholarly articles and transcripts of speeches dealing with this topic.  Researchers must have Professor Bonnie's permission for access to the death row case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of note in these papers are files dealing with Bonnie's 1989 visit to the Soviet Union as a member of a delegation investigating psychiatric abuses in that country.  These files contain the delegation's official report, travel accounts, interviews with Soviet psychiatric patients, and translations of various Soviet laws and regulations.  Researchers whose interest is human rights in the Soviet Union will find these files useful, as they contain primary source material on the role of the Soviet psychiatric profession in suppressing dissent.\n    \nMSS 81-9f concerns the 1990 death penalty appeal of Joe Giarratano, including the clemency petition documents to Governor Douglas M. Wilder, as well as psychiatric evaluations, tests and studies, review of the facts, letters of support for Giarratano, and correspondence with him.  Researchers must have Richard Bonnie's permission for access to the Giarratano files.  This addition also contains some files concerning the 1990 Soviet Psychiatry Project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9g includes Law School files restricted to researchers having access permission from the Dean's Office, as well as unrestricted files for other Law School and University committees.  In addition are papers of the American Psychiatric Association [APA], the State Human Rights Committee [SHRC], the Virginia Bar Association [VBA], the Virginia Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation [VDMHMR], and the Marihuana Project. There are other miscellaneous files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9h contains a large group of documents from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) related to the report on the Nicotine Study regarding the prevention of tobacco use by children and youths.  Additional death row files, including Joe Giarratano's (restricted), and other professional matters are part of this addition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9i consists of files related to Soviet psychiatry and the 1991 visit of members of the World Psychiatry Association trip to the U.S.S.R.  The remaining boxes concern other professional interests, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Institute of Medicine's study on nicotine, Medicine in the Public Interest, capital punishment, as well as law school matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9j contains professional files related to the Law School, the Institute of Medicine, and Virginia Bar Association files related to criminal law and on the mentally disabled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9k contains Professor Bonnie's activities report; files on CPDD (College on Problems of Drug Dependence); correspondence, and client files. Also APA Council files, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, State Human Rights Study, and other miscellaneous files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9l contains files on issues concerning the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, and the Institute of Medicine that relate to earlier accessions of Bonnie's papers. In addition, there is more recent correspondence with Svetlana Polubinskaya.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9m contains restricted files that will be open in 2040.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9n consists of miscellaneous files related to Soviet Psychiatry and USA v. Russell Eugene Weston, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9o contains working professional files, mainly of the American Psychiatry Association Council, elder abuse and neglect files, and client files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9p consists of APA Files, committee files, and some Russian documents pertaining to mental health law and protection for the disabled. The Atkins v. Virginia files pertaining to Prof. Bonnie's work on the special sub-committee of the Virginia State Crime Commission to revise the issues of the Supreme Court Case, and to assemble a Clinical Advisory Group (CAG) to assist the sub-committee in August of 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9q was merged with MSS 81-9r.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9r is divided in two parts.  The first part include files related to Bonnie's work in mental health law internationally and in the United States.  The majority of the files contain documents from the GIP [Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry] work on former Soviet republics and the Network of Reformers in Psychiatry files.  There are miscellaneous professional files, clients' files [restricted], correspondence files, and University of Virginia and Law School files. The second part is entirely related to the Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia (2001 - 2010).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9s relates to the work and organization of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP), an international nonprofit organization established in 1980 to eradicate the political abuse of psychiatry, mainly in the Soviet Union and Romania. The collection also includes files on China's Mental Health Reform, the World Psychiatric Association China Mission, some Czech and Serbia files related to mental health, and the Scottish Law Commission. In addition, there are IOM (Institute of Medicine) files regarding Bonnie's work on the Committee on Improving Health, Safety and Well-being of Young Adults, and the Committee on Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, and State of Virginia files related to mental health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9t consists of APA [American Psychiatric Association] Committee on Judicial Action files and Council on Psychiatry and Law files, Virginia Commission for Mental Health Reform files, College Mental Health Study files, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy files, and other miscellaneous documents. All complement previous installments of documents.  Researchers are encouraged to read all guides.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Bonnie papers remain grouped as they were received.","MSS 81-9 contains clippings on the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, or Shafer Commission.","MSS 81-9a: contains public service files (almost exclusively relating to drug issues); professional activities (relating mainly to drugs and the insanity defense); University of Virginia, primarily the Law School; general correspondence and related files.","MSS 81-9b contains miscellaneous papers relating to Bonnie's work with a task force organized to study alcohol and drug abuse at the University of Virginia, 1986-1987.","MSS 81-9c includes assorted papers on alcohol and drug law, psychiatry, the Graduate Program for Judges, and the University of Virginia, as well as general correspondence for 1985-1986.","MSS 81-9d comprises files dated 1972 to 1990 dealing with the death penalty -- case files of eight death row inmates (four of whom were represented by Bonnie), and professional papers concerning the issue of mental competency. The case files consist mainly of records and briefs, but also include background material and correspondence.  Most notable are those materials, such as psychiatric evaluations and clinical interviews, which pertain to the issue of mental competency.  Bonnie's professional papers also include  scholarly articles and transcripts of speeches dealing with this topic.  Researchers must have Professor Bonnie's permission for access to the death row case files.","Also of note in these papers are files dealing with Bonnie's 1989 visit to the Soviet Union as a member of a delegation investigating psychiatric abuses in that country.  These files contain the delegation's official report, travel accounts, interviews with Soviet psychiatric patients, and translations of various Soviet laws and regulations.  Researchers whose interest is human rights in the Soviet Union will find these files useful, as they contain primary source material on the role of the Soviet psychiatric profession in suppressing dissent.\n    \nMSS 81-9f concerns the 1990 death penalty appeal of Joe Giarratano, including the clemency petition documents to Governor Douglas M. Wilder, as well as psychiatric evaluations, tests and studies, review of the facts, letters of support for Giarratano, and correspondence with him.  Researchers must have Richard Bonnie's permission for access to the Giarratano files.  This addition also contains some files concerning the 1990 Soviet Psychiatry Project.","MSS 81-9g includes Law School files restricted to researchers having access permission from the Dean's Office, as well as unrestricted files for other Law School and University committees.  In addition are papers of the American Psychiatric Association [APA], the State Human Rights Committee [SHRC], the Virginia Bar Association [VBA], the Virginia Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation [VDMHMR], and the Marihuana Project. There are other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9h contains a large group of documents from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) related to the report on the Nicotine Study regarding the prevention of tobacco use by children and youths.  Additional death row files, including Joe Giarratano's (restricted), and other professional matters are part of this addition.","MSS 81-9i consists of files related to Soviet psychiatry and the 1991 visit of members of the World Psychiatry Association trip to the U.S.S.R.  The remaining boxes concern other professional interests, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Institute of Medicine's study on nicotine, Medicine in the Public Interest, capital punishment, as well as law school matters.","MSS 81-9j contains professional files related to the Law School, the Institute of Medicine, and Virginia Bar Association files related to criminal law and on the mentally disabled.","MSS 81-9k contains Professor Bonnie's activities report; files on CPDD (College on Problems of Drug Dependence); correspondence, and client files. Also APA Council files, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, State Human Rights Study, and other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9l contains files on issues concerning the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, and the Institute of Medicine that relate to earlier accessions of Bonnie's papers. In addition, there is more recent correspondence with Svetlana Polubinskaya.","MSS 81-9m contains restricted files that will be open in 2040.","MSS 81-9n consists of miscellaneous files related to Soviet Psychiatry and USA v. Russell Eugene Weston, Jr.","MSS 81-9o contains working professional files, mainly of the American Psychiatry Association Council, elder abuse and neglect files, and client files.","MSS 81-9p consists of APA Files, committee files, and some Russian documents pertaining to mental health law and protection for the disabled. The Atkins v. Virginia files pertaining to Prof. Bonnie's work on the special sub-committee of the Virginia State Crime Commission to revise the issues of the Supreme Court Case, and to assemble a Clinical Advisory Group (CAG) to assist the sub-committee in August of 2002.","MSS 81-9q was merged with MSS 81-9r.","MSS 81-9r is divided in two parts.  The first part include files related to Bonnie's work in mental health law internationally and in the United States.  The majority of the files contain documents from the GIP [Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry] work on former Soviet republics and the Network of Reformers in Psychiatry files.  There are miscellaneous professional files, clients' files [restricted], correspondence files, and University of Virginia and Law School files. The second part is entirely related to the Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia (2001 - 2010).","MSS 81-9s relates to the work and organization of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP), an international nonprofit organization established in 1980 to eradicate the political abuse of psychiatry, mainly in the Soviet Union and Romania. The collection also includes files on China's Mental Health Reform, the World Psychiatric Association China Mission, some Czech and Serbia files related to mental health, and the Scottish Law Commission. In addition, there are IOM (Institute of Medicine) files regarding Bonnie's work on the Committee on Improving Health, Safety and Well-being of Young Adults, and the Committee on Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, and State of Virginia files related to mental health.","MSS 81-9t consists of APA [American Psychiatric Association] Committee on Judicial Action files and Council on Psychiatry and Law files, Virginia Commission for Mental Health Reform files, College Mental Health Study files, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy files, and other miscellaneous documents. All complement previous installments of documents.  Researchers are encouraged to read all guides."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Jeffrey Bonnie, John S. Battle Professor of Law and Director of the Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy at the University of Virginia, is a recognized authority in the fields of mental health, drug law, and criminal law.  In addition to his roles at the Law School, where he began teaching in 1969, Bonnie has worked for the federal government in various capacities, and as a private consultant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e     Born in 1945 at Richmond, Virginia, Bonnie received his bachelor of arts degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1966, and his law degree from Virginia three years later. He ranked first in his law school class, served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review, and belonged to the Order of the Coif and the Raven Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nFollowing graduation, Bonnie taught at the Law School for a year before becoming associate director of the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, serving from 1971 to 1973. In March 1972, the commission, under the direction of former Pennsylvania governor Raymond P. Shafer, unanimously recommended the decriminalization of consumption-related marijuana offenses. Although the report was endorsed by organizations such as the National Council of Churches and the National Education Association, it was quickly rejected by President Nixon and drew only a mixed response from state legislatures.  An amendment to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, drafted partially by Bonnie and incorporating the commission's findings, was approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1973.\n \n     \"From 1972 through 1977,\" Bonnie writes in the preface to his 1980 book, Marijuana Use and Criminal Sanctions, \"I was actively involved in the effort to win legislative support for reforming the marijuana laws (p. iii).\"  During most of these years he was also teaching at the Law School (having returned in the fall of 1973), but he found time to participate in the marijuana reform movement in several ways. Bonnie was appointed to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975-1980), served as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, and helped write President Ford's White Paper on Drug Abuse in 1975.  He testified on marijuana policy before two U.S. Senate subcommittees and 15 state legislative committees, and in 1976-1977 helped the National Governors' Conference develop its study on state marijuana penalties and policies.  In 1977 he visited several European countries for the federal government, in part to explain the Carter administration's endorsement of marijuana decriminalization.\n    \n    Besides Marijuana Use, Bonnie also co-authored \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Marihuana Conviction\u003c/emph\u003e (1974) with Virginia colleague Charles H. Whitebread II, as well as numerous articles on marijuana and drug law for scholarly journals and periodicals, ranging from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWashington Post\u003c/emph\u003e to the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNational Enquirer\u003c/emph\u003e.\n    \n    In the 1980s, Bonnie began to move away from drug law and turn his attention more to the fields of psychiatry, mental health, and criminal law. He was chairman of the State Human Rights Committee (1979-1985), which was responsible for protecting the rights of the mentally ill and intellectually disabled in Virginia's public institutions, and co-authored a casebook on criminal law (1982) with Virginia professors Peter W. Low and John C. Jeffries, Jr.  Bonnie became a noted expert on the insanity defense, a heated issue following the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr., in 1982, for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.\n    \nRichard J. Bonnie teaches and writes about criminal law, bioethics, and public policies relating to mental health, substance abuse, and public health. He is Harrison Foundation Professor of Medicine and Law in the School of Law, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the School of Medicine, and Professor of Public Policy in the Frank S. Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBonnie has been actively involved in public service throughout his academic career. He was an advisor to the White House office on drug policy from 1973-77 and secretary of the first National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975‐80). From 1979‐1985, he was Chairman of Virginia's State Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for protecting the rights of residents and clients of Virginia's public services system for behavioral health and developmental disabilities. He also chaired the Commonwealth's influential Commission on Mental Health Law Reform from 2006-2011, at the request of the Chief Justice of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n    Bonnie served from 1981‐88 on the Advisory Board for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards Project, from 2004‐2007 on the ABA Task Force on Mental Illness and the Death Penalty, and is currently serving on an ABA Task Force charged with revising the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards.\n    \nHe has served on three John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks – on Mental Health and the Law (1986-1996), Mandated Community Treatment (2000-10), and Law and Neuroscience (since 2006). He has served as an advisor to the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law since 1979, and also serves as an advisor to the Committee on Ethics, Law and Humanities of the American Academy of Neurology.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBonnie was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and has chaired and served on numerous IOM/NRC consensus studies, ranging from elder abuse to underage drinking. He recently chaired landmark studies on tobacco policy, Ending the Tobacco Problem (2007) and juvenile justice, Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (2013). He has served on governing Boards of both the IOM and NRC, including the IOM Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, the NRC Committee on Law and Justice, and the NRC Board on the Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and is currently serving on the NRC Board on Cognitive, Behavioral and Sensory Sciences. In 2002 he was awarded the Yarmolinsky Medal for his extraordinary service to the IOM and the National Academies. \n    \nhttps://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/rjb6f/1146996\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Jeffrey Bonnie, John S. Battle Professor of Law and Director of the Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy at the University of Virginia, is a recognized authority in the fields of mental health, drug law, and criminal law.  In addition to his roles at the Law School, where he began teaching in 1969, Bonnie has worked for the federal government in various capacities, and as a private consultant.","Born in 1945 at Richmond, Virginia, Bonnie received his bachelor of arts degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1966, and his law degree from Virginia three years later. He ranked first in his law school class, served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review, and belonged to the Order of the Coif and the Raven Society.","Following graduation, Bonnie taught at the Law School for a year before becoming associate director of the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, serving from 1971 to 1973. In March 1972, the commission, under the direction of former Pennsylvania governor Raymond P. Shafer, unanimously recommended the decriminalization of consumption-related marijuana offenses. Although the report was endorsed by organizations such as the National Council of Churches and the National Education Association, it was quickly rejected by President Nixon and drew only a mixed response from state legislatures.  An amendment to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, drafted partially by Bonnie and incorporating the commission's findings, was approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1973.\n \n     \"From 1972 through 1977,\" Bonnie writes in the preface to his 1980 book, Marijuana Use and Criminal Sanctions, \"I was actively involved in the effort to win legislative support for reforming the marijuana laws (p. iii).\"  During most of these years he was also teaching at the Law School (having returned in the fall of 1973), but he found time to participate in the marijuana reform movement in several ways. Bonnie was appointed to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975-1980), served as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, and helped write President Ford's White Paper on Drug Abuse in 1975.  He testified on marijuana policy before two U.S. Senate subcommittees and 15 state legislative committees, and in 1976-1977 helped the National Governors' Conference develop its study on state marijuana penalties and policies.  In 1977 he visited several European countries for the federal government, in part to explain the Carter administration's endorsement of marijuana decriminalization.\n    \n    Besides Marijuana Use, Bonnie also co-authored The Marihuana Conviction (1974) with Virginia colleague Charles H. Whitebread II, as well as numerous articles on marijuana and drug law for scholarly journals and periodicals, ranging from the Washington Post to the National Enquirer.\n    \n    In the 1980s, Bonnie began to move away from drug law and turn his attention more to the fields of psychiatry, mental health, and criminal law. He was chairman of the State Human Rights Committee (1979-1985), which was responsible for protecting the rights of the mentally ill and intellectually disabled in Virginia's public institutions, and co-authored a casebook on criminal law (1982) with Virginia professors Peter W. Low and John C. Jeffries, Jr.  Bonnie became a noted expert on the insanity defense, a heated issue following the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr., in 1982, for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.\n    \nRichard J. Bonnie teaches and writes about criminal law, bioethics, and public policies relating to mental health, substance abuse, and public health. He is Harrison Foundation Professor of Medicine and Law in the School of Law, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the School of Medicine, and Professor of Public Policy in the Frank S. Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.","Bonnie has been actively involved in public service throughout his academic career. He was an advisor to the White House office on drug policy from 1973-77 and secretary of the first National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975‐80). From 1979‐1985, he was Chairman of Virginia's State Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for protecting the rights of residents and clients of Virginia's public services system for behavioral health and developmental disabilities. He also chaired the Commonwealth's influential Commission on Mental Health Law Reform from 2006-2011, at the request of the Chief Justice of Virginia.","Bonnie served from 1981‐88 on the Advisory Board for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards Project, from 2004‐2007 on the ABA Task Force on Mental Illness and the Death Penalty, and is currently serving on an ABA Task Force charged with revising the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards.\n    \nHe has served on three John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks – on Mental Health and the Law (1986-1996), Mandated Community Treatment (2000-10), and Law and Neuroscience (since 2006). He has served as an advisor to the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law since 1979, and also serves as an advisor to the Committee on Ethics, Law and Humanities of the American Academy of Neurology.","Bonnie was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and has chaired and served on numerous IOM/NRC consensus studies, ranging from elder abuse to underage drinking. He recently chaired landmark studies on tobacco policy, Ending the Tobacco Problem (2007) and juvenile justice, Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (2013). He has served on governing Boards of both the IOM and NRC, including the IOM Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, the NRC Committee on Law and Justice, and the NRC Board on the Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and is currently serving on the NRC Board on Cognitive, Behavioral and Sensory Sciences. In 2002 he was awarded the Yarmolinsky Medal for his extraordinary service to the IOM and the National Academies. \n    \nhttps://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/rjb6f/1146996"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes drug related issues, decriminalization of marijuana and insanity defense; extra teaching activities at the University of Virginia; case files on death row inmates; professional files related to issues of mental competency; visit to the Soviet Union as member of US delegation invited to investigated the political abuse of psychiatry; files from the State [Virginia] Human Rights Commission, American Bar Association, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy; Virginia Department of Health and Mental Retardation, State Human Rights Committee, Virginia Bar Association; Institute of Medicine related to the Nicotine Study for prevention of tobacco use by children and youth; Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry; Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia; China Mental Health Reform; Scottish Law Commission and files regarding mental health law in the Czech Republic, Georgia and Serbia; College Mental Health Study files are some of the topics researcher can find in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn extensive general correspondence file contains materials related to his work in the Law School and other activities; correspondence touching on most of his professional and consulting activities typically may be found with related papers in the appropriate series.  There are very few personal papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection should be useful to anyone researching drug law, particularly the debate over the decriminalization of marijuana and the rise in drug usage in the 1970s -- an era of great ferment for the drug issue in the United States.  Clippings, correspondence, legislative testimony, the materials of special interest groups like NORML, and the notes for Bonnie's books convey the thoughts and attitudes that shaped the drug issue during these years.  There is a similar, if not as extensive, collection of materials on the insanity defense from the early 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016.","This collection includes drug related issues, decriminalization of marijuana and insanity defense; extra teaching activities at the University of Virginia; case files on death row inmates; professional files related to issues of mental competency; visit to the Soviet Union as member of US delegation invited to investigated the political abuse of psychiatry; files from the State [Virginia] Human Rights Commission, American Bar Association, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy; Virginia Department of Health and Mental Retardation, State Human Rights Committee, Virginia Bar Association; Institute of Medicine related to the Nicotine Study for prevention of tobacco use by children and youth; Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry; Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia; China Mental Health Reform; Scottish Law Commission and files regarding mental health law in the Czech Republic, Georgia and Serbia; College Mental Health Study files are some of the topics researcher can find in these papers.","An extensive general correspondence file contains materials related to his work in the Law School and other activities; correspondence touching on most of his professional and consulting activities typically may be found with related papers in the appropriate series.  There are very few personal papers.","The collection should be useful to anyone researching drug law, particularly the debate over the decriminalization of marijuana and the rise in drug usage in the 1970s -- an era of great ferment for the drug issue in the United States.  Clippings, correspondence, legislative testimony, the materials of special interest groups like NORML, and the notes for Bonnie's books convey the thoughts and attitudes that shaped the drug issue during these years.  There is a similar, if not as extensive, collection of materials on the insanity defense from the early 1980s."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association","Bonnie, Richard J."],"persname_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association","Bonnie, Richard J."],"language_ssim":["English\n      Russian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:31.360Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_555","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_555.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136818","title_ssm":["Richard J. Bonnie papers"],"title_tesim":["Richard J. Bonnie papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1913-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016"],"text":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016","MSS.81.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/555","Competency to stand trial -- United States","Death row -- Virginia","Drug abuse -- United States","Human rights -- United States","Insanity (Law) -- United States","Marijuana -- Law and legislation","Mental health laws -- Virginia","Mental health laws -- United States","Political prisoners -- Soviet Union","Psychiatry -- Soviet Union","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","clippings (information artifacts)","The Bonnie papers remain grouped as they were received.","MSS 81-9 contains clippings on the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, or Shafer Commission.","MSS 81-9a: contains public service files (almost exclusively relating to drug issues); professional activities (relating mainly to drugs and the insanity defense); University of Virginia, primarily the Law School; general correspondence and related files.","MSS 81-9b contains miscellaneous papers relating to Bonnie's work with a task force organized to study alcohol and drug abuse at the University of Virginia, 1986-1987.","MSS 81-9c includes assorted papers on alcohol and drug law, psychiatry, the Graduate Program for Judges, and the University of Virginia, as well as general correspondence for 1985-1986.","MSS 81-9d comprises files dated 1972 to 1990 dealing with the death penalty -- case files of eight death row inmates (four of whom were represented by Bonnie), and professional papers concerning the issue of mental competency. The case files consist mainly of records and briefs, but also include background material and correspondence.  Most notable are those materials, such as psychiatric evaluations and clinical interviews, which pertain to the issue of mental competency.  Bonnie's professional papers also include  scholarly articles and transcripts of speeches dealing with this topic.  Researchers must have Professor Bonnie's permission for access to the death row case files.","Also of note in these papers are files dealing with Bonnie's 1989 visit to the Soviet Union as a member of a delegation investigating psychiatric abuses in that country.  These files contain the delegation's official report, travel accounts, interviews with Soviet psychiatric patients, and translations of various Soviet laws and regulations.  Researchers whose interest is human rights in the Soviet Union will find these files useful, as they contain primary source material on the role of the Soviet psychiatric profession in suppressing dissent.\n    \nMSS 81-9f concerns the 1990 death penalty appeal of Joe Giarratano, including the clemency petition documents to Governor Douglas M. Wilder, as well as psychiatric evaluations, tests and studies, review of the facts, letters of support for Giarratano, and correspondence with him.  Researchers must have Richard Bonnie's permission for access to the Giarratano files.  This addition also contains some files concerning the 1990 Soviet Psychiatry Project.","MSS 81-9g includes Law School files restricted to researchers having access permission from the Dean's Office, as well as unrestricted files for other Law School and University committees.  In addition are papers of the American Psychiatric Association [APA], the State Human Rights Committee [SHRC], the Virginia Bar Association [VBA], the Virginia Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation [VDMHMR], and the Marihuana Project. There are other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9h contains a large group of documents from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) related to the report on the Nicotine Study regarding the prevention of tobacco use by children and youths.  Additional death row files, including Joe Giarratano's (restricted), and other professional matters are part of this addition.","MSS 81-9i consists of files related to Soviet psychiatry and the 1991 visit of members of the World Psychiatry Association trip to the U.S.S.R.  The remaining boxes concern other professional interests, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Institute of Medicine's study on nicotine, Medicine in the Public Interest, capital punishment, as well as law school matters.","MSS 81-9j contains professional files related to the Law School, the Institute of Medicine, and Virginia Bar Association files related to criminal law and on the mentally disabled.","MSS 81-9k contains Professor Bonnie's activities report; files on CPDD (College on Problems of Drug Dependence); correspondence, and client files. Also APA Council files, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, State Human Rights Study, and other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9l contains files on issues concerning the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, and the Institute of Medicine that relate to earlier accessions of Bonnie's papers. In addition, there is more recent correspondence with Svetlana Polubinskaya.","MSS 81-9m contains restricted files that will be open in 2040.","MSS 81-9n consists of miscellaneous files related to Soviet Psychiatry and USA v. Russell Eugene Weston, Jr.","MSS 81-9o contains working professional files, mainly of the American Psychiatry Association Council, elder abuse and neglect files, and client files.","MSS 81-9p consists of APA Files, committee files, and some Russian documents pertaining to mental health law and protection for the disabled. The Atkins v. Virginia files pertaining to Prof. Bonnie's work on the special sub-committee of the Virginia State Crime Commission to revise the issues of the Supreme Court Case, and to assemble a Clinical Advisory Group (CAG) to assist the sub-committee in August of 2002.","MSS 81-9q was merged with MSS 81-9r.","MSS 81-9r is divided in two parts.  The first part include files related to Bonnie's work in mental health law internationally and in the United States.  The majority of the files contain documents from the GIP [Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry] work on former Soviet republics and the Network of Reformers in Psychiatry files.  There are miscellaneous professional files, clients' files [restricted], correspondence files, and University of Virginia and Law School files. The second part is entirely related to the Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia (2001 - 2010).","MSS 81-9s relates to the work and organization of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP), an international nonprofit organization established in 1980 to eradicate the political abuse of psychiatry, mainly in the Soviet Union and Romania. The collection also includes files on China's Mental Health Reform, the World Psychiatric Association China Mission, some Czech and Serbia files related to mental health, and the Scottish Law Commission. In addition, there are IOM (Institute of Medicine) files regarding Bonnie's work on the Committee on Improving Health, Safety and Well-being of Young Adults, and the Committee on Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, and State of Virginia files related to mental health.","MSS 81-9t consists of APA [American Psychiatric Association] Committee on Judicial Action files and Council on Psychiatry and Law files, Virginia Commission for Mental Health Reform files, College Mental Health Study files, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy files, and other miscellaneous documents. All complement previous installments of documents.  Researchers are encouraged to read all guides.","Richard Jeffrey Bonnie, John S. Battle Professor of Law and Director of the Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy at the University of Virginia, is a recognized authority in the fields of mental health, drug law, and criminal law.  In addition to his roles at the Law School, where he began teaching in 1969, Bonnie has worked for the federal government in various capacities, and as a private consultant.","Born in 1945 at Richmond, Virginia, Bonnie received his bachelor of arts degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1966, and his law degree from Virginia three years later. He ranked first in his law school class, served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review, and belonged to the Order of the Coif and the Raven Society.","Following graduation, Bonnie taught at the Law School for a year before becoming associate director of the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, serving from 1971 to 1973. In March 1972, the commission, under the direction of former Pennsylvania governor Raymond P. Shafer, unanimously recommended the decriminalization of consumption-related marijuana offenses. Although the report was endorsed by organizations such as the National Council of Churches and the National Education Association, it was quickly rejected by President Nixon and drew only a mixed response from state legislatures.  An amendment to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, drafted partially by Bonnie and incorporating the commission's findings, was approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1973.\n \n     \"From 1972 through 1977,\" Bonnie writes in the preface to his 1980 book, Marijuana Use and Criminal Sanctions, \"I was actively involved in the effort to win legislative support for reforming the marijuana laws (p. iii).\"  During most of these years he was also teaching at the Law School (having returned in the fall of 1973), but he found time to participate in the marijuana reform movement in several ways. Bonnie was appointed to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975-1980), served as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, and helped write President Ford's White Paper on Drug Abuse in 1975.  He testified on marijuana policy before two U.S. Senate subcommittees and 15 state legislative committees, and in 1976-1977 helped the National Governors' Conference develop its study on state marijuana penalties and policies.  In 1977 he visited several European countries for the federal government, in part to explain the Carter administration's endorsement of marijuana decriminalization.\n    \n    Besides Marijuana Use, Bonnie also co-authored The Marihuana Conviction (1974) with Virginia colleague Charles H. Whitebread II, as well as numerous articles on marijuana and drug law for scholarly journals and periodicals, ranging from the Washington Post to the National Enquirer.\n    \n    In the 1980s, Bonnie began to move away from drug law and turn his attention more to the fields of psychiatry, mental health, and criminal law. He was chairman of the State Human Rights Committee (1979-1985), which was responsible for protecting the rights of the mentally ill and intellectually disabled in Virginia's public institutions, and co-authored a casebook on criminal law (1982) with Virginia professors Peter W. Low and John C. Jeffries, Jr.  Bonnie became a noted expert on the insanity defense, a heated issue following the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr., in 1982, for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.\n    \nRichard J. Bonnie teaches and writes about criminal law, bioethics, and public policies relating to mental health, substance abuse, and public health. He is Harrison Foundation Professor of Medicine and Law in the School of Law, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the School of Medicine, and Professor of Public Policy in the Frank S. Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.","Bonnie has been actively involved in public service throughout his academic career. He was an advisor to the White House office on drug policy from 1973-77 and secretary of the first National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975‐80). From 1979‐1985, he was Chairman of Virginia's State Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for protecting the rights of residents and clients of Virginia's public services system for behavioral health and developmental disabilities. He also chaired the Commonwealth's influential Commission on Mental Health Law Reform from 2006-2011, at the request of the Chief Justice of Virginia.","Bonnie served from 1981‐88 on the Advisory Board for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards Project, from 2004‐2007 on the ABA Task Force on Mental Illness and the Death Penalty, and is currently serving on an ABA Task Force charged with revising the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards.\n    \nHe has served on three John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks – on Mental Health and the Law (1986-1996), Mandated Community Treatment (2000-10), and Law and Neuroscience (since 2006). He has served as an advisor to the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law since 1979, and also serves as an advisor to the Committee on Ethics, Law and Humanities of the American Academy of Neurology.","Bonnie was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and has chaired and served on numerous IOM/NRC consensus studies, ranging from elder abuse to underage drinking. He recently chaired landmark studies on tobacco policy, Ending the Tobacco Problem (2007) and juvenile justice, Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (2013). He has served on governing Boards of both the IOM and NRC, including the IOM Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, the NRC Committee on Law and Justice, and the NRC Board on the Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and is currently serving on the NRC Board on Cognitive, Behavioral and Sensory Sciences. In 2002 he was awarded the Yarmolinsky Medal for his extraordinary service to the IOM and the National Academies. \n    \nhttps://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/rjb6f/1146996","This collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016.","This collection includes drug related issues, decriminalization of marijuana and insanity defense; extra teaching activities at the University of Virginia; case files on death row inmates; professional files related to issues of mental competency; visit to the Soviet Union as member of US delegation invited to investigated the political abuse of psychiatry; files from the State [Virginia] Human Rights Commission, American Bar Association, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy; Virginia Department of Health and Mental Retardation, State Human Rights Committee, Virginia Bar Association; Institute of Medicine related to the Nicotine Study for prevention of tobacco use by children and youth; Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry; Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia; China Mental Health Reform; Scottish Law Commission and files regarding mental health law in the Czech Republic, Georgia and Serbia; College Mental Health Study files are some of the topics researcher can find in these papers.","An extensive general correspondence file contains materials related to his work in the Law School and other activities; correspondence touching on most of his professional and consulting activities typically may be found with related papers in the appropriate series.  There are very few personal papers.","The collection should be useful to anyone researching drug law, particularly the debate over the decriminalization of marijuana and the rise in drug usage in the 1970s -- an era of great ferment for the drug issue in the United States.  Clippings, correspondence, legislative testimony, the materials of special interest groups like NORML, and the notes for Bonnie's books convey the thoughts and attitudes that shaped the drug issue during these years.  There is a similar, if not as extensive, collection of materials on the insanity defense from the early 1980s.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association","Bonnie, Richard J.","English\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Richard J. Bonnie papers, 1913/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.81.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/555"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.81.9","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/555"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"creator_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association"],"creators_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Professor Bonnie has donated his papers to the Arthur J. Morris Library in 1981, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Competency to stand trial -- United States","Death row -- Virginia","Drug abuse -- United States","Human rights -- United States","Insanity (Law) -- United States","Marijuana -- Law and legislation","Mental health laws -- Virginia","Mental health laws -- United States","Political prisoners -- Soviet Union","Psychiatry -- Soviet Union","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","clippings (information artifacts)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Competency to stand trial -- United States","Death row -- Virginia","Drug abuse -- United States","Human rights -- United States","Insanity (Law) -- United States","Marijuana -- Law and legislation","Mental health laws -- Virginia","Mental health laws -- United States","Political prisoners -- Soviet Union","Psychiatry -- Soviet Union","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","clippings (information artifacts)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["98 Linear Feet 196 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["98 Linear Feet 196 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)"],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bonnie papers remain grouped as they were received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9 contains clippings on the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, or Shafer Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9a: contains public service files (almost exclusively relating to drug issues); professional activities (relating mainly to drugs and the insanity defense); University of Virginia, primarily the Law School; general correspondence and related files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9b contains miscellaneous papers relating to Bonnie's work with a task force organized to study alcohol and drug abuse at the University of Virginia, 1986-1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9c includes assorted papers on alcohol and drug law, psychiatry, the Graduate Program for Judges, and the University of Virginia, as well as general correspondence for 1985-1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9d comprises files dated 1972 to 1990 dealing with the death penalty -- case files of eight death row inmates (four of whom were represented by Bonnie), and professional papers concerning the issue of mental competency. The case files consist mainly of records and briefs, but also include background material and correspondence.  Most notable are those materials, such as psychiatric evaluations and clinical interviews, which pertain to the issue of mental competency.  Bonnie's professional papers also include  scholarly articles and transcripts of speeches dealing with this topic.  Researchers must have Professor Bonnie's permission for access to the death row case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of note in these papers are files dealing with Bonnie's 1989 visit to the Soviet Union as a member of a delegation investigating psychiatric abuses in that country.  These files contain the delegation's official report, travel accounts, interviews with Soviet psychiatric patients, and translations of various Soviet laws and regulations.  Researchers whose interest is human rights in the Soviet Union will find these files useful, as they contain primary source material on the role of the Soviet psychiatric profession in suppressing dissent.\n    \nMSS 81-9f concerns the 1990 death penalty appeal of Joe Giarratano, including the clemency petition documents to Governor Douglas M. Wilder, as well as psychiatric evaluations, tests and studies, review of the facts, letters of support for Giarratano, and correspondence with him.  Researchers must have Richard Bonnie's permission for access to the Giarratano files.  This addition also contains some files concerning the 1990 Soviet Psychiatry Project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9g includes Law School files restricted to researchers having access permission from the Dean's Office, as well as unrestricted files for other Law School and University committees.  In addition are papers of the American Psychiatric Association [APA], the State Human Rights Committee [SHRC], the Virginia Bar Association [VBA], the Virginia Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation [VDMHMR], and the Marihuana Project. There are other miscellaneous files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9h contains a large group of documents from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) related to the report on the Nicotine Study regarding the prevention of tobacco use by children and youths.  Additional death row files, including Joe Giarratano's (restricted), and other professional matters are part of this addition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9i consists of files related to Soviet psychiatry and the 1991 visit of members of the World Psychiatry Association trip to the U.S.S.R.  The remaining boxes concern other professional interests, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Institute of Medicine's study on nicotine, Medicine in the Public Interest, capital punishment, as well as law school matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9j contains professional files related to the Law School, the Institute of Medicine, and Virginia Bar Association files related to criminal law and on the mentally disabled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9k contains Professor Bonnie's activities report; files on CPDD (College on Problems of Drug Dependence); correspondence, and client files. Also APA Council files, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, State Human Rights Study, and other miscellaneous files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9l contains files on issues concerning the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, and the Institute of Medicine that relate to earlier accessions of Bonnie's papers. In addition, there is more recent correspondence with Svetlana Polubinskaya.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9m contains restricted files that will be open in 2040.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9n consists of miscellaneous files related to Soviet Psychiatry and USA v. Russell Eugene Weston, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9o contains working professional files, mainly of the American Psychiatry Association Council, elder abuse and neglect files, and client files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9p consists of APA Files, committee files, and some Russian documents pertaining to mental health law and protection for the disabled. The Atkins v. Virginia files pertaining to Prof. Bonnie's work on the special sub-committee of the Virginia State Crime Commission to revise the issues of the Supreme Court Case, and to assemble a Clinical Advisory Group (CAG) to assist the sub-committee in August of 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9q was merged with MSS 81-9r.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9r is divided in two parts.  The first part include files related to Bonnie's work in mental health law internationally and in the United States.  The majority of the files contain documents from the GIP [Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry] work on former Soviet republics and the Network of Reformers in Psychiatry files.  There are miscellaneous professional files, clients' files [restricted], correspondence files, and University of Virginia and Law School files. The second part is entirely related to the Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia (2001 - 2010).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9s relates to the work and organization of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP), an international nonprofit organization established in 1980 to eradicate the political abuse of psychiatry, mainly in the Soviet Union and Romania. The collection also includes files on China's Mental Health Reform, the World Psychiatric Association China Mission, some Czech and Serbia files related to mental health, and the Scottish Law Commission. In addition, there are IOM (Institute of Medicine) files regarding Bonnie's work on the Committee on Improving Health, Safety and Well-being of Young Adults, and the Committee on Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, and State of Virginia files related to mental health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 81-9t consists of APA [American Psychiatric Association] Committee on Judicial Action files and Council on Psychiatry and Law files, Virginia Commission for Mental Health Reform files, College Mental Health Study files, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy files, and other miscellaneous documents. All complement previous installments of documents.  Researchers are encouraged to read all guides.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Bonnie papers remain grouped as they were received.","MSS 81-9 contains clippings on the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, or Shafer Commission.","MSS 81-9a: contains public service files (almost exclusively relating to drug issues); professional activities (relating mainly to drugs and the insanity defense); University of Virginia, primarily the Law School; general correspondence and related files.","MSS 81-9b contains miscellaneous papers relating to Bonnie's work with a task force organized to study alcohol and drug abuse at the University of Virginia, 1986-1987.","MSS 81-9c includes assorted papers on alcohol and drug law, psychiatry, the Graduate Program for Judges, and the University of Virginia, as well as general correspondence for 1985-1986.","MSS 81-9d comprises files dated 1972 to 1990 dealing with the death penalty -- case files of eight death row inmates (four of whom were represented by Bonnie), and professional papers concerning the issue of mental competency. The case files consist mainly of records and briefs, but also include background material and correspondence.  Most notable are those materials, such as psychiatric evaluations and clinical interviews, which pertain to the issue of mental competency.  Bonnie's professional papers also include  scholarly articles and transcripts of speeches dealing with this topic.  Researchers must have Professor Bonnie's permission for access to the death row case files.","Also of note in these papers are files dealing with Bonnie's 1989 visit to the Soviet Union as a member of a delegation investigating psychiatric abuses in that country.  These files contain the delegation's official report, travel accounts, interviews with Soviet psychiatric patients, and translations of various Soviet laws and regulations.  Researchers whose interest is human rights in the Soviet Union will find these files useful, as they contain primary source material on the role of the Soviet psychiatric profession in suppressing dissent.\n    \nMSS 81-9f concerns the 1990 death penalty appeal of Joe Giarratano, including the clemency petition documents to Governor Douglas M. Wilder, as well as psychiatric evaluations, tests and studies, review of the facts, letters of support for Giarratano, and correspondence with him.  Researchers must have Richard Bonnie's permission for access to the Giarratano files.  This addition also contains some files concerning the 1990 Soviet Psychiatry Project.","MSS 81-9g includes Law School files restricted to researchers having access permission from the Dean's Office, as well as unrestricted files for other Law School and University committees.  In addition are papers of the American Psychiatric Association [APA], the State Human Rights Committee [SHRC], the Virginia Bar Association [VBA], the Virginia Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation [VDMHMR], and the Marihuana Project. There are other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9h contains a large group of documents from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) related to the report on the Nicotine Study regarding the prevention of tobacco use by children and youths.  Additional death row files, including Joe Giarratano's (restricted), and other professional matters are part of this addition.","MSS 81-9i consists of files related to Soviet psychiatry and the 1991 visit of members of the World Psychiatry Association trip to the U.S.S.R.  The remaining boxes concern other professional interests, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Institute of Medicine's study on nicotine, Medicine in the Public Interest, capital punishment, as well as law school matters.","MSS 81-9j contains professional files related to the Law School, the Institute of Medicine, and Virginia Bar Association files related to criminal law and on the mentally disabled.","MSS 81-9k contains Professor Bonnie's activities report; files on CPDD (College on Problems of Drug Dependence); correspondence, and client files. Also APA Council files, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, State Human Rights Study, and other miscellaneous files.","MSS 81-9l contains files on issues concerning the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, and the Institute of Medicine that relate to earlier accessions of Bonnie's papers. In addition, there is more recent correspondence with Svetlana Polubinskaya.","MSS 81-9m contains restricted files that will be open in 2040.","MSS 81-9n consists of miscellaneous files related to Soviet Psychiatry and USA v. Russell Eugene Weston, Jr.","MSS 81-9o contains working professional files, mainly of the American Psychiatry Association Council, elder abuse and neglect files, and client files.","MSS 81-9p consists of APA Files, committee files, and some Russian documents pertaining to mental health law and protection for the disabled. The Atkins v. Virginia files pertaining to Prof. Bonnie's work on the special sub-committee of the Virginia State Crime Commission to revise the issues of the Supreme Court Case, and to assemble a Clinical Advisory Group (CAG) to assist the sub-committee in August of 2002.","MSS 81-9q was merged with MSS 81-9r.","MSS 81-9r is divided in two parts.  The first part include files related to Bonnie's work in mental health law internationally and in the United States.  The majority of the files contain documents from the GIP [Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry] work on former Soviet republics and the Network of Reformers in Psychiatry files.  There are miscellaneous professional files, clients' files [restricted], correspondence files, and University of Virginia and Law School files. The second part is entirely related to the Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia (2001 - 2010).","MSS 81-9s relates to the work and organization of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP), an international nonprofit organization established in 1980 to eradicate the political abuse of psychiatry, mainly in the Soviet Union and Romania. The collection also includes files on China's Mental Health Reform, the World Psychiatric Association China Mission, some Czech and Serbia files related to mental health, and the Scottish Law Commission. In addition, there are IOM (Institute of Medicine) files regarding Bonnie's work on the Committee on Improving Health, Safety and Well-being of Young Adults, and the Committee on Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products, and State of Virginia files related to mental health.","MSS 81-9t consists of APA [American Psychiatric Association] Committee on Judicial Action files and Council on Psychiatry and Law files, Virginia Commission for Mental Health Reform files, College Mental Health Study files, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy files, and other miscellaneous documents. All complement previous installments of documents.  Researchers are encouraged to read all guides."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Jeffrey Bonnie, John S. Battle Professor of Law and Director of the Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy at the University of Virginia, is a recognized authority in the fields of mental health, drug law, and criminal law.  In addition to his roles at the Law School, where he began teaching in 1969, Bonnie has worked for the federal government in various capacities, and as a private consultant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e     Born in 1945 at Richmond, Virginia, Bonnie received his bachelor of arts degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1966, and his law degree from Virginia three years later. He ranked first in his law school class, served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review, and belonged to the Order of the Coif and the Raven Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nFollowing graduation, Bonnie taught at the Law School for a year before becoming associate director of the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, serving from 1971 to 1973. In March 1972, the commission, under the direction of former Pennsylvania governor Raymond P. Shafer, unanimously recommended the decriminalization of consumption-related marijuana offenses. Although the report was endorsed by organizations such as the National Council of Churches and the National Education Association, it was quickly rejected by President Nixon and drew only a mixed response from state legislatures.  An amendment to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, drafted partially by Bonnie and incorporating the commission's findings, was approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1973.\n \n     \"From 1972 through 1977,\" Bonnie writes in the preface to his 1980 book, Marijuana Use and Criminal Sanctions, \"I was actively involved in the effort to win legislative support for reforming the marijuana laws (p. iii).\"  During most of these years he was also teaching at the Law School (having returned in the fall of 1973), but he found time to participate in the marijuana reform movement in several ways. Bonnie was appointed to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975-1980), served as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, and helped write President Ford's White Paper on Drug Abuse in 1975.  He testified on marijuana policy before two U.S. Senate subcommittees and 15 state legislative committees, and in 1976-1977 helped the National Governors' Conference develop its study on state marijuana penalties and policies.  In 1977 he visited several European countries for the federal government, in part to explain the Carter administration's endorsement of marijuana decriminalization.\n    \n    Besides Marijuana Use, Bonnie also co-authored \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Marihuana Conviction\u003c/emph\u003e (1974) with Virginia colleague Charles H. Whitebread II, as well as numerous articles on marijuana and drug law for scholarly journals and periodicals, ranging from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWashington Post\u003c/emph\u003e to the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNational Enquirer\u003c/emph\u003e.\n    \n    In the 1980s, Bonnie began to move away from drug law and turn his attention more to the fields of psychiatry, mental health, and criminal law. He was chairman of the State Human Rights Committee (1979-1985), which was responsible for protecting the rights of the mentally ill and intellectually disabled in Virginia's public institutions, and co-authored a casebook on criminal law (1982) with Virginia professors Peter W. Low and John C. Jeffries, Jr.  Bonnie became a noted expert on the insanity defense, a heated issue following the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr., in 1982, for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.\n    \nRichard J. Bonnie teaches and writes about criminal law, bioethics, and public policies relating to mental health, substance abuse, and public health. He is Harrison Foundation Professor of Medicine and Law in the School of Law, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the School of Medicine, and Professor of Public Policy in the Frank S. Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBonnie has been actively involved in public service throughout his academic career. He was an advisor to the White House office on drug policy from 1973-77 and secretary of the first National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975‐80). From 1979‐1985, he was Chairman of Virginia's State Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for protecting the rights of residents and clients of Virginia's public services system for behavioral health and developmental disabilities. He also chaired the Commonwealth's influential Commission on Mental Health Law Reform from 2006-2011, at the request of the Chief Justice of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n    Bonnie served from 1981‐88 on the Advisory Board for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards Project, from 2004‐2007 on the ABA Task Force on Mental Illness and the Death Penalty, and is currently serving on an ABA Task Force charged with revising the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards.\n    \nHe has served on three John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks – on Mental Health and the Law (1986-1996), Mandated Community Treatment (2000-10), and Law and Neuroscience (since 2006). He has served as an advisor to the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law since 1979, and also serves as an advisor to the Committee on Ethics, Law and Humanities of the American Academy of Neurology.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBonnie was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and has chaired and served on numerous IOM/NRC consensus studies, ranging from elder abuse to underage drinking. He recently chaired landmark studies on tobacco policy, Ending the Tobacco Problem (2007) and juvenile justice, Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (2013). He has served on governing Boards of both the IOM and NRC, including the IOM Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, the NRC Committee on Law and Justice, and the NRC Board on the Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and is currently serving on the NRC Board on Cognitive, Behavioral and Sensory Sciences. In 2002 he was awarded the Yarmolinsky Medal for his extraordinary service to the IOM and the National Academies. \n    \nhttps://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/rjb6f/1146996\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Jeffrey Bonnie, John S. Battle Professor of Law and Director of the Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy at the University of Virginia, is a recognized authority in the fields of mental health, drug law, and criminal law.  In addition to his roles at the Law School, where he began teaching in 1969, Bonnie has worked for the federal government in various capacities, and as a private consultant.","Born in 1945 at Richmond, Virginia, Bonnie received his bachelor of arts degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1966, and his law degree from Virginia three years later. He ranked first in his law school class, served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review, and belonged to the Order of the Coif and the Raven Society.","Following graduation, Bonnie taught at the Law School for a year before becoming associate director of the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, serving from 1971 to 1973. In March 1972, the commission, under the direction of former Pennsylvania governor Raymond P. Shafer, unanimously recommended the decriminalization of consumption-related marijuana offenses. Although the report was endorsed by organizations such as the National Council of Churches and the National Education Association, it was quickly rejected by President Nixon and drew only a mixed response from state legislatures.  An amendment to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, drafted partially by Bonnie and incorporating the commission's findings, was approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1973.\n \n     \"From 1972 through 1977,\" Bonnie writes in the preface to his 1980 book, Marijuana Use and Criminal Sanctions, \"I was actively involved in the effort to win legislative support for reforming the marijuana laws (p. iii).\"  During most of these years he was also teaching at the Law School (having returned in the fall of 1973), but he found time to participate in the marijuana reform movement in several ways. Bonnie was appointed to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975-1980), served as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, and helped write President Ford's White Paper on Drug Abuse in 1975.  He testified on marijuana policy before two U.S. Senate subcommittees and 15 state legislative committees, and in 1976-1977 helped the National Governors' Conference develop its study on state marijuana penalties and policies.  In 1977 he visited several European countries for the federal government, in part to explain the Carter administration's endorsement of marijuana decriminalization.\n    \n    Besides Marijuana Use, Bonnie also co-authored The Marihuana Conviction (1974) with Virginia colleague Charles H. Whitebread II, as well as numerous articles on marijuana and drug law for scholarly journals and periodicals, ranging from the Washington Post to the National Enquirer.\n    \n    In the 1980s, Bonnie began to move away from drug law and turn his attention more to the fields of psychiatry, mental health, and criminal law. He was chairman of the State Human Rights Committee (1979-1985), which was responsible for protecting the rights of the mentally ill and intellectually disabled in Virginia's public institutions, and co-authored a casebook on criminal law (1982) with Virginia professors Peter W. Low and John C. Jeffries, Jr.  Bonnie became a noted expert on the insanity defense, a heated issue following the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr., in 1982, for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.\n    \nRichard J. Bonnie teaches and writes about criminal law, bioethics, and public policies relating to mental health, substance abuse, and public health. He is Harrison Foundation Professor of Medicine and Law in the School of Law, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the School of Medicine, and Professor of Public Policy in the Frank S. Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.","Bonnie has been actively involved in public service throughout his academic career. He was an advisor to the White House office on drug policy from 1973-77 and secretary of the first National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse (1975‐80). From 1979‐1985, he was Chairman of Virginia's State Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for protecting the rights of residents and clients of Virginia's public services system for behavioral health and developmental disabilities. He also chaired the Commonwealth's influential Commission on Mental Health Law Reform from 2006-2011, at the request of the Chief Justice of Virginia.","Bonnie served from 1981‐88 on the Advisory Board for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards Project, from 2004‐2007 on the ABA Task Force on Mental Illness and the Death Penalty, and is currently serving on an ABA Task Force charged with revising the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards.\n    \nHe has served on three John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks – on Mental Health and the Law (1986-1996), Mandated Community Treatment (2000-10), and Law and Neuroscience (since 2006). He has served as an advisor to the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law since 1979, and also serves as an advisor to the Committee on Ethics, Law and Humanities of the American Academy of Neurology.","Bonnie was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and has chaired and served on numerous IOM/NRC consensus studies, ranging from elder abuse to underage drinking. He recently chaired landmark studies on tobacco policy, Ending the Tobacco Problem (2007) and juvenile justice, Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (2013). He has served on governing Boards of both the IOM and NRC, including the IOM Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, the NRC Committee on Law and Justice, and the NRC Board on the Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and is currently serving on the NRC Board on Cognitive, Behavioral and Sensory Sciences. In 2002 he was awarded the Yarmolinsky Medal for his extraordinary service to the IOM and the National Academies. \n    \nhttps://www.law.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/rjb6f/1146996"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes drug related issues, decriminalization of marijuana and insanity defense; extra teaching activities at the University of Virginia; case files on death row inmates; professional files related to issues of mental competency; visit to the Soviet Union as member of US delegation invited to investigated the political abuse of psychiatry; files from the State [Virginia] Human Rights Commission, American Bar Association, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy; Virginia Department of Health and Mental Retardation, State Human Rights Committee, Virginia Bar Association; Institute of Medicine related to the Nicotine Study for prevention of tobacco use by children and youth; Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry; Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia; China Mental Health Reform; Scottish Law Commission and files regarding mental health law in the Czech Republic, Georgia and Serbia; College Mental Health Study files are some of the topics researcher can find in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn extensive general correspondence file contains materials related to his work in the Law School and other activities; correspondence touching on most of his professional and consulting activities typically may be found with related papers in the appropriate series.  There are very few personal papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection should be useful to anyone researching drug law, particularly the debate over the decriminalization of marijuana and the rise in drug usage in the 1970s -- an era of great ferment for the drug issue in the United States.  Clippings, correspondence, legislative testimony, the materials of special interest groups like NORML, and the notes for Bonnie's books convey the thoughts and attitudes that shaped the drug issue during these years.  There is a similar, if not as extensive, collection of materials on the insanity defense from the early 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes Richard Bonnie's professional, legal, and research papers, covering the years from approximately 1969 through 2016.","This collection includes drug related issues, decriminalization of marijuana and insanity defense; extra teaching activities at the University of Virginia; case files on death row inmates; professional files related to issues of mental competency; visit to the Soviet Union as member of US delegation invited to investigated the political abuse of psychiatry; files from the State [Virginia] Human Rights Commission, American Bar Association, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy; Virginia Department of Health and Mental Retardation, State Human Rights Committee, Virginia Bar Association; Institute of Medicine related to the Nicotine Study for prevention of tobacco use by children and youth; Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry; Commission on Mental Health Reform in Virginia; China Mental Health Reform; Scottish Law Commission and files regarding mental health law in the Czech Republic, Georgia and Serbia; College Mental Health Study files are some of the topics researcher can find in these papers.","An extensive general correspondence file contains materials related to his work in the Law School and other activities; correspondence touching on most of his professional and consulting activities typically may be found with related papers in the appropriate series.  There are very few personal papers.","The collection should be useful to anyone researching drug law, particularly the debate over the decriminalization of marijuana and the rise in drug usage in the 1970s -- an era of great ferment for the drug issue in the United States.  Clippings, correspondence, legislative testimony, the materials of special interest groups like NORML, and the notes for Bonnie's books convey the thoughts and attitudes that shaped the drug issue during these years.  There is a similar, if not as extensive, collection of materials on the insanity defense from the early 1980s."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association","Bonnie, Richard J."],"persname_ssim":["Bonnie, Richard J."],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Virginia. Commission on Mental Health Law","Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry","American Psychiatric Association","Bonnie, Richard J."],"language_ssim":["English\n      Russian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:31.360Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_555"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_834#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_834#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_834#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_834.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/740","title_filing_ssi":"Scott and Gunnell family papers","title_ssm":["Scott and Gunnell family papers"],"title_tesim":["Scott and Gunnell family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1772-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1772-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1772/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990"],"text":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990","MSS 12202","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/834","Alexandria (Va.)--History","Plantation life","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums","The collection is open for research use.","The Bush Hill Plantation was originally owned by Josiah Watson, an English customs collector, who built the manor house in 1763. Watson sold the entire estate in 1797 to Richard Marshall Scott, son of John Scott (1732-1792) and Mary Marshall Scott (1735-1795). John Scott, an emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in the colony of Maryland  around 1753 with a cargo to begin a career as a merchant. After some financial set-backs, John Scott became a farmer. John Scott and Mary Marshall Scott had three children born to them, David Wilson Scott (1766-1827), Richard Marshall Scott (1769-1833), and Anna Scott (1772-1821). In 1780, the Scott family moved from Maryland, settling first in Fairfax County, Virginia, and then at Farmington, in former Loudoun County, in 1791.","Richard Marshall Scott, Sr. became a successful merchant and banker in Alexandria, Virginia, founding the Farmer's Bank of Alexandria, and served in the Virginia General Assembly in 1811-1812. He was active in gardening and horticulture and had a large private library.\nRichard Marshall Scott married three times. His first marriage was to Mary Love (1768-1812). He remained a widower until 1828, when he married his cousin, Eleanor Douglas Marshall (1807-1830). She bore his first son, Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. (1829-1856), five months before her death in 1830. His third marriage was to Lucinda Fitzhugh in 1832, who bore him a second son, Jonathan Mordecai Scott (1833-1924), in the same year as his death.","William H. Foote became guardian in 1834 for the young Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. who attended various schools for boys and read law in Alexandria, Virginia with Francis L. Smith. Scott returned to Bush Hill Plantation at about age sixteen and began to keep a diary on February 18, 1846. On September 15, 1846, at age seventeen, he married Virginia Gunnell (1826-1913) of Washington. Their children were Frank Scott (1849-1893), Eleanor Marshall Scott Johnston (1847-1905), Richard M. Scott (1851-1915) and Anna Constance Scott (1853-1882).","The 1850 Slave Schedule of Fairfax County lists Richard M. Scott with twenty enslaved persons. Fairfax County's 1859 Personal Property Assessment for Virginia Scott lists taxation for fourteen enslaved people. After the death of her husband in 1856, Virginia Gunnell Scott (1826-1913) managed the Bush Hill Plantation.  During the Civil War, Bush Hill functioned as headquarters for Union officers, but the Scott family remained in the house. \nBush Hill remained in possession of Virginia Gunnell Scott and her family until her death in 1913, when it passed to a cousin, Leonard Coleman Gunnell (1870-1941), and then to his son, Bruce Covington Gunnell (1907-1996 ), a Fairfax engineer. Beginning in 1942, the house was leased to the U.S. government and then to various day schools. Much of the property was sold to developers, with the historic building itself being destroyed by arson in 1977.","Information for this note came from materials in the collection and \"Phase IA Documentary Study of 10.67 Acres at 4840 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia\" by William M. Gardner and Gwen J. Hurst, November 1999, Thunderbird Archeological Associates, Incorporated:","https://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/historic/info/archaeology/SiteReportGardnerBushHillAX111Documentary.pdf","The collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes.","In 2002, about 140 print items (117 titles) from the \"Bush Hill\" library, including Congressional Registers, four Alexandria newspapers, other government documents, a hymn book, histories and a dictionary, were transferred to Rare Books. To locate these in the online catalog (VIRGO), do a subject search for: Bush Hill (Estate: Alexandria, Va.) .","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gunnell family","Scott family","Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12202","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/834"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12202","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/834"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"creator_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Gunnell family","Scott family"],"creators_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gunnell family","Scott family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mrs. Bruce C. (Virginia Burt) Gunnell (1909-2009) in April 2002."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Plantation life","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Plantation life","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.25 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums"],"date_range_isim":[1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bush Hill Plantation was originally owned by Josiah Watson, an English customs collector, who built the manor house in 1763. Watson sold the entire estate in 1797 to Richard Marshall Scott, son of John Scott (1732-1792) and Mary Marshall Scott (1735-1795). John Scott, an emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in the colony of Maryland  around 1753 with a cargo to begin a career as a merchant. After some financial set-backs, John Scott became a farmer. John Scott and Mary Marshall Scott had three children born to them, David Wilson Scott (1766-1827), Richard Marshall Scott (1769-1833), and Anna Scott (1772-1821). In 1780, the Scott family moved from Maryland, settling first in Fairfax County, Virginia, and then at Farmington, in former Loudoun County, in 1791. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Marshall Scott, Sr. became a successful merchant and banker in Alexandria, Virginia, founding the Farmer's Bank of Alexandria, and served in the Virginia General Assembly in 1811-1812. He was active in gardening and horticulture and had a large private library.\nRichard Marshall Scott married three times. His first marriage was to Mary Love (1768-1812). He remained a widower until 1828, when he married his cousin, Eleanor Douglas Marshall (1807-1830). She bore his first son, Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. (1829-1856), five months before her death in 1830. His third marriage was to Lucinda Fitzhugh in 1832, who bore him a second son, Jonathan Mordecai Scott (1833-1924), in the same year as his death. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam H. Foote became guardian in 1834 for the young Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. who attended various schools for boys and read law in Alexandria, Virginia with Francis L. Smith. Scott returned to Bush Hill Plantation at about age sixteen and began to keep a diary on February 18, 1846. On September 15, 1846, at age seventeen, he married Virginia Gunnell (1826-1913) of Washington. Their children were Frank Scott (1849-1893), Eleanor Marshall Scott Johnston (1847-1905), Richard M. Scott (1851-1915) and Anna Constance Scott (1853-1882). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1850 Slave Schedule of Fairfax County lists Richard M. Scott with twenty enslaved persons. Fairfax County's 1859 Personal Property Assessment for Virginia Scott lists taxation for fourteen enslaved people. After the death of her husband in 1856, Virginia Gunnell Scott (1826-1913) managed the Bush Hill Plantation.  During the Civil War, Bush Hill functioned as headquarters for Union officers, but the Scott family remained in the house. \nBush Hill remained in possession of Virginia Gunnell Scott and her family until her death in 1913, when it passed to a cousin, Leonard Coleman Gunnell (1870-1941), and then to his son, Bruce Covington Gunnell (1907-1996 ), a Fairfax engineer. Beginning in 1942, the house was leased to the U.S. government and then to various day schools. Much of the property was sold to developers, with the historic building itself being destroyed by arson in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation for this note came from materials in the collection and \"Phase IA Documentary Study of 10.67 Acres at 4840 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia\" by William M. Gardner and Gwen J. Hurst, November 1999, Thunderbird Archeological Associates, Incorporated:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehttps://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/historic/info/archaeology/SiteReportGardnerBushHillAX111Documentary.pdf\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Bush Hill Plantation was originally owned by Josiah Watson, an English customs collector, who built the manor house in 1763. Watson sold the entire estate in 1797 to Richard Marshall Scott, son of John Scott (1732-1792) and Mary Marshall Scott (1735-1795). John Scott, an emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in the colony of Maryland  around 1753 with a cargo to begin a career as a merchant. After some financial set-backs, John Scott became a farmer. John Scott and Mary Marshall Scott had three children born to them, David Wilson Scott (1766-1827), Richard Marshall Scott (1769-1833), and Anna Scott (1772-1821). In 1780, the Scott family moved from Maryland, settling first in Fairfax County, Virginia, and then at Farmington, in former Loudoun County, in 1791.","Richard Marshall Scott, Sr. became a successful merchant and banker in Alexandria, Virginia, founding the Farmer's Bank of Alexandria, and served in the Virginia General Assembly in 1811-1812. He was active in gardening and horticulture and had a large private library.\nRichard Marshall Scott married three times. His first marriage was to Mary Love (1768-1812). He remained a widower until 1828, when he married his cousin, Eleanor Douglas Marshall (1807-1830). She bore his first son, Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. (1829-1856), five months before her death in 1830. His third marriage was to Lucinda Fitzhugh in 1832, who bore him a second son, Jonathan Mordecai Scott (1833-1924), in the same year as his death.","William H. Foote became guardian in 1834 for the young Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. who attended various schools for boys and read law in Alexandria, Virginia with Francis L. Smith. Scott returned to Bush Hill Plantation at about age sixteen and began to keep a diary on February 18, 1846. On September 15, 1846, at age seventeen, he married Virginia Gunnell (1826-1913) of Washington. Their children were Frank Scott (1849-1893), Eleanor Marshall Scott Johnston (1847-1905), Richard M. Scott (1851-1915) and Anna Constance Scott (1853-1882).","The 1850 Slave Schedule of Fairfax County lists Richard M. Scott with twenty enslaved persons. Fairfax County's 1859 Personal Property Assessment for Virginia Scott lists taxation for fourteen enslaved people. After the death of her husband in 1856, Virginia Gunnell Scott (1826-1913) managed the Bush Hill Plantation.  During the Civil War, Bush Hill functioned as headquarters for Union officers, but the Scott family remained in the house. \nBush Hill remained in possession of Virginia Gunnell Scott and her family until her death in 1913, when it passed to a cousin, Leonard Coleman Gunnell (1870-1941), and then to his son, Bruce Covington Gunnell (1907-1996 ), a Fairfax engineer. Beginning in 1942, the house was leased to the U.S. government and then to various day schools. Much of the property was sold to developers, with the historic building itself being destroyed by arson in 1977.","Information for this note came from materials in the collection and \"Phase IA Documentary Study of 10.67 Acres at 4840 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia\" by William M. Gardner and Gwen J. Hurst, November 1999, Thunderbird Archeological Associates, Incorporated:","https://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/historic/info/archaeology/SiteReportGardnerBushHillAX111Documentary.pdf"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12202 Scott and Gunnell Family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12202 Scott and Gunnell Family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2002, about 140 print items (117 titles) from the \"Bush Hill\" library, including Congressional Registers, four Alexandria newspapers, other government documents, a hymn book, histories and a dictionary, were transferred to Rare Books. To locate these in the online catalog (VIRGO), do a subject search for: Bush Hill (Estate: Alexandria, Va.) .\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["In 2002, about 140 print items (117 titles) from the \"Bush Hill\" library, including Congressional Registers, four Alexandria newspapers, other government documents, a hymn book, histories and a dictionary, were transferred to Rare Books. To locate these in the online catalog (VIRGO), do a subject search for: Bush Hill (Estate: Alexandria, Va.) ."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"famname_ssim":["Gunnell family","Scott family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Gunnell family","Scott family"],"persname_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gunnell family","Scott family","Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:18.647Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_834","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_834.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/740","title_filing_ssi":"Scott and Gunnell family papers","title_ssm":["Scott and Gunnell family papers"],"title_tesim":["Scott and Gunnell family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1772-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1772-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1772/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990"],"text":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990","MSS 12202","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/834","Alexandria (Va.)--History","Plantation life","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums","The collection is open for research use.","The Bush Hill Plantation was originally owned by Josiah Watson, an English customs collector, who built the manor house in 1763. Watson sold the entire estate in 1797 to Richard Marshall Scott, son of John Scott (1732-1792) and Mary Marshall Scott (1735-1795). John Scott, an emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in the colony of Maryland  around 1753 with a cargo to begin a career as a merchant. After some financial set-backs, John Scott became a farmer. John Scott and Mary Marshall Scott had three children born to them, David Wilson Scott (1766-1827), Richard Marshall Scott (1769-1833), and Anna Scott (1772-1821). In 1780, the Scott family moved from Maryland, settling first in Fairfax County, Virginia, and then at Farmington, in former Loudoun County, in 1791.","Richard Marshall Scott, Sr. became a successful merchant and banker in Alexandria, Virginia, founding the Farmer's Bank of Alexandria, and served in the Virginia General Assembly in 1811-1812. He was active in gardening and horticulture and had a large private library.\nRichard Marshall Scott married three times. His first marriage was to Mary Love (1768-1812). He remained a widower until 1828, when he married his cousin, Eleanor Douglas Marshall (1807-1830). She bore his first son, Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. (1829-1856), five months before her death in 1830. His third marriage was to Lucinda Fitzhugh in 1832, who bore him a second son, Jonathan Mordecai Scott (1833-1924), in the same year as his death.","William H. Foote became guardian in 1834 for the young Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. who attended various schools for boys and read law in Alexandria, Virginia with Francis L. Smith. Scott returned to Bush Hill Plantation at about age sixteen and began to keep a diary on February 18, 1846. On September 15, 1846, at age seventeen, he married Virginia Gunnell (1826-1913) of Washington. Their children were Frank Scott (1849-1893), Eleanor Marshall Scott Johnston (1847-1905), Richard M. Scott (1851-1915) and Anna Constance Scott (1853-1882).","The 1850 Slave Schedule of Fairfax County lists Richard M. Scott with twenty enslaved persons. Fairfax County's 1859 Personal Property Assessment for Virginia Scott lists taxation for fourteen enslaved people. After the death of her husband in 1856, Virginia Gunnell Scott (1826-1913) managed the Bush Hill Plantation.  During the Civil War, Bush Hill functioned as headquarters for Union officers, but the Scott family remained in the house. \nBush Hill remained in possession of Virginia Gunnell Scott and her family until her death in 1913, when it passed to a cousin, Leonard Coleman Gunnell (1870-1941), and then to his son, Bruce Covington Gunnell (1907-1996 ), a Fairfax engineer. Beginning in 1942, the house was leased to the U.S. government and then to various day schools. Much of the property was sold to developers, with the historic building itself being destroyed by arson in 1977.","Information for this note came from materials in the collection and \"Phase IA Documentary Study of 10.67 Acres at 4840 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia\" by William M. Gardner and Gwen J. Hurst, November 1999, Thunderbird Archeological Associates, Incorporated:","https://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/historic/info/archaeology/SiteReportGardnerBushHillAX111Documentary.pdf","The collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes.","In 2002, about 140 print items (117 titles) from the \"Bush Hill\" library, including Congressional Registers, four Alexandria newspapers, other government documents, a hymn book, histories and a dictionary, were transferred to Rare Books. To locate these in the online catalog (VIRGO), do a subject search for: Bush Hill (Estate: Alexandria, Va.) .","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gunnell family","Scott family","Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12202","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/834"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12202","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/834"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"creator_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Gunnell family","Scott family"],"creators_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gunnell family","Scott family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mrs. Bruce C. (Virginia Burt) Gunnell (1909-2009) in April 2002."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Plantation life","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Plantation life","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.25 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","Daybooks","Photograph albums"],"date_range_isim":[1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bush Hill Plantation was originally owned by Josiah Watson, an English customs collector, who built the manor house in 1763. Watson sold the entire estate in 1797 to Richard Marshall Scott, son of John Scott (1732-1792) and Mary Marshall Scott (1735-1795). John Scott, an emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in the colony of Maryland  around 1753 with a cargo to begin a career as a merchant. After some financial set-backs, John Scott became a farmer. John Scott and Mary Marshall Scott had three children born to them, David Wilson Scott (1766-1827), Richard Marshall Scott (1769-1833), and Anna Scott (1772-1821). In 1780, the Scott family moved from Maryland, settling first in Fairfax County, Virginia, and then at Farmington, in former Loudoun County, in 1791. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Marshall Scott, Sr. became a successful merchant and banker in Alexandria, Virginia, founding the Farmer's Bank of Alexandria, and served in the Virginia General Assembly in 1811-1812. He was active in gardening and horticulture and had a large private library.\nRichard Marshall Scott married three times. His first marriage was to Mary Love (1768-1812). He remained a widower until 1828, when he married his cousin, Eleanor Douglas Marshall (1807-1830). She bore his first son, Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. (1829-1856), five months before her death in 1830. His third marriage was to Lucinda Fitzhugh in 1832, who bore him a second son, Jonathan Mordecai Scott (1833-1924), in the same year as his death. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam H. Foote became guardian in 1834 for the young Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. who attended various schools for boys and read law in Alexandria, Virginia with Francis L. Smith. Scott returned to Bush Hill Plantation at about age sixteen and began to keep a diary on February 18, 1846. On September 15, 1846, at age seventeen, he married Virginia Gunnell (1826-1913) of Washington. Their children were Frank Scott (1849-1893), Eleanor Marshall Scott Johnston (1847-1905), Richard M. Scott (1851-1915) and Anna Constance Scott (1853-1882). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1850 Slave Schedule of Fairfax County lists Richard M. Scott with twenty enslaved persons. Fairfax County's 1859 Personal Property Assessment for Virginia Scott lists taxation for fourteen enslaved people. After the death of her husband in 1856, Virginia Gunnell Scott (1826-1913) managed the Bush Hill Plantation.  During the Civil War, Bush Hill functioned as headquarters for Union officers, but the Scott family remained in the house. \nBush Hill remained in possession of Virginia Gunnell Scott and her family until her death in 1913, when it passed to a cousin, Leonard Coleman Gunnell (1870-1941), and then to his son, Bruce Covington Gunnell (1907-1996 ), a Fairfax engineer. Beginning in 1942, the house was leased to the U.S. government and then to various day schools. Much of the property was sold to developers, with the historic building itself being destroyed by arson in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation for this note came from materials in the collection and \"Phase IA Documentary Study of 10.67 Acres at 4840 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia\" by William M. Gardner and Gwen J. Hurst, November 1999, Thunderbird Archeological Associates, Incorporated:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehttps://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/historic/info/archaeology/SiteReportGardnerBushHillAX111Documentary.pdf\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Bush Hill Plantation was originally owned by Josiah Watson, an English customs collector, who built the manor house in 1763. Watson sold the entire estate in 1797 to Richard Marshall Scott, son of John Scott (1732-1792) and Mary Marshall Scott (1735-1795). John Scott, an emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, arrived in the colony of Maryland  around 1753 with a cargo to begin a career as a merchant. After some financial set-backs, John Scott became a farmer. John Scott and Mary Marshall Scott had three children born to them, David Wilson Scott (1766-1827), Richard Marshall Scott (1769-1833), and Anna Scott (1772-1821). In 1780, the Scott family moved from Maryland, settling first in Fairfax County, Virginia, and then at Farmington, in former Loudoun County, in 1791.","Richard Marshall Scott, Sr. became a successful merchant and banker in Alexandria, Virginia, founding the Farmer's Bank of Alexandria, and served in the Virginia General Assembly in 1811-1812. He was active in gardening and horticulture and had a large private library.\nRichard Marshall Scott married three times. His first marriage was to Mary Love (1768-1812). He remained a widower until 1828, when he married his cousin, Eleanor Douglas Marshall (1807-1830). She bore his first son, Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. (1829-1856), five months before her death in 1830. His third marriage was to Lucinda Fitzhugh in 1832, who bore him a second son, Jonathan Mordecai Scott (1833-1924), in the same year as his death.","William H. Foote became guardian in 1834 for the young Richard Marshall Scott, Jr. who attended various schools for boys and read law in Alexandria, Virginia with Francis L. Smith. Scott returned to Bush Hill Plantation at about age sixteen and began to keep a diary on February 18, 1846. On September 15, 1846, at age seventeen, he married Virginia Gunnell (1826-1913) of Washington. Their children were Frank Scott (1849-1893), Eleanor Marshall Scott Johnston (1847-1905), Richard M. Scott (1851-1915) and Anna Constance Scott (1853-1882).","The 1850 Slave Schedule of Fairfax County lists Richard M. Scott with twenty enslaved persons. Fairfax County's 1859 Personal Property Assessment for Virginia Scott lists taxation for fourteen enslaved people. After the death of her husband in 1856, Virginia Gunnell Scott (1826-1913) managed the Bush Hill Plantation.  During the Civil War, Bush Hill functioned as headquarters for Union officers, but the Scott family remained in the house. \nBush Hill remained in possession of Virginia Gunnell Scott and her family until her death in 1913, when it passed to a cousin, Leonard Coleman Gunnell (1870-1941), and then to his son, Bruce Covington Gunnell (1907-1996 ), a Fairfax engineer. Beginning in 1942, the house was leased to the U.S. government and then to various day schools. Much of the property was sold to developers, with the historic building itself being destroyed by arson in 1977.","Information for this note came from materials in the collection and \"Phase IA Documentary Study of 10.67 Acres at 4840 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia\" by William M. Gardner and Gwen J. Hurst, November 1999, Thunderbird Archeological Associates, Incorporated:","https://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/historic/info/archaeology/SiteReportGardnerBushHillAX111Documentary.pdf"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12202 Scott and Gunnell Family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12202 Scott and Gunnell Family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of bound volumes, journals, daybooks, and notebooks belonging to John Scott, Richard Marshall Scott,Sr., Richard Marshall Scott,Jr., James L. Gunnell, and Dr. Francis M. Gunnell, and a photograph album belonging to Sarah Louise Rittenhouse. Other materials include printed articles about the Bush Hill plantation,a copy of a book, \"The Battles of Aldie, Middleburg and Upperville,\" and genealogical charts, tables and notes."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2002, about 140 print items (117 titles) from the \"Bush Hill\" library, including Congressional Registers, four Alexandria newspapers, other government documents, a hymn book, histories and a dictionary, were transferred to Rare Books. To locate these in the online catalog (VIRGO), do a subject search for: Bush Hill (Estate: Alexandria, Va.) .\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["In 2002, about 140 print items (117 titles) from the \"Bush Hill\" library, including Congressional Registers, four Alexandria newspapers, other government documents, a hymn book, histories and a dictionary, were transferred to Rare Books. To locate these in the online catalog (VIRGO), do a subject search for: Bush Hill (Estate: Alexandria, Va.) ."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"famname_ssim":["Gunnell family","Scott family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Gunnell family","Scott family"],"persname_ssim":["Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gunnell family","Scott family","Scott , Richard Marshall, Sr., 1769-1833","Scott, Richard Marshall, Jr., 1829-1856","Gunnell, Francis Mackall, Dr., Surgeon General of the United States Navy, 1827-1922","Rittenhouse, Sarah Louise (Sarah Louise \"Loulie\" Rittenhouse), 1845-1942"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:18.647Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_834"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_817","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stella Pratt scrapbook, 1867/1947","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_817#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Stella Pratt scrapbook (1883-1894; 0.4 cubic feet) contains correspondence, clippings, printed material, invitations, sketches, flowers, ribbons, photos, and a sketch of Stella herself. 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Dibari then gave her research to Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Virginia Beach Resorts Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries..\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Virginia Beach Resorts Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was minimally processed by Kathleen Smith, Special Collections Metadata Specialist, in August 2021.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was minimally processed by Kathleen Smith, Special Collections Metadata Specialist, in August 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOcean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection (MG 31); Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) of Hampton Roads Records (MG 76)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection (MG 31); Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) of Hampton Roads Records (MG 76)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis research collection contains photocopies of newspaper articles related to Seaview and other African American beach resorts, Seashore State Park, and Dudley Cooper, who operated both Ocean View Amusement Park and Seaview Beach and Amusement Park. Any copies made from the collection are for research purposes only.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This research collection contains photocopies of newspaper articles related to Seaview and other African American beach resorts, Seashore State Park, and Dudley Cooper, who operated both Ocean View Amusement Park and Seaview Beach and Amusement Park. Any copies made from the collection are for research purposes only."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_310"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_779#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eVirginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis. Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_779#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_779.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/687","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Folklore Society records","title_ssm":["Virginia Folklore Society records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Folklore Society records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1905-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1905-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007"],"text":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007","MSS 9936","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/779","clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks","Boxes 27 and 28 do not circulate.","Arranged into three series: Series 1: Folk Songs; Series 2: Folk Song recordings; Series 3: Accession 2019-0235","The broad outlines of change and growth in the study of folklore/folklife, however, is reflected on a small scale in the history of the Virginia Folklore Society and its three successive, but overlapping periods of development and achievement. These can be defined as: \"The Quest for the Ballad,\" \"The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years,\" and \"Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline.\"","The Quest for the Ballad: This era began with the founding of the Society by C. Alphonso Smith and is identified with his efforts and those of notable collectors, such as John Stone, Alfreda Peel, Martha Davis and Juliet Fauntleroy, as well as other teachers and members of the Virginia State Educational Association. In the first Bulletin of the Society in 1913, Smith made the pursuit of the ballad explicit and primary. Although he expressed interest in other types of folklore and acknowledged that \"[t]he ballad is not the whole of folklore,\" still this and all subsequent volumes of the Bulletin were devoted almost entirely to considerations of the ballad and its collection in Virginia (pp. 1-5).","Under C. Alphonso Smith's guidance as its first President and later as Vice-President and Archivist, early members of the Society concentrated on collecting oral versions of the classic English and Scottish ballads as defined by Francis James Child in his five volumes of The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. In the Bulletin for the third annual meeting held November 26, 1915, Smith reported on progress toward the Society's goal of obtaining at least 50 Child ballads in the State and he thanked \"all those who have co-operated with us in the effort made to restore our lyric past, and to make it a part of our lyric present.\"","By 1920, Stone's expansive program had suffered from membership and revenue loss in the wake of World War I. In the Secretary-Treasurer's report for the \"Year Ending November 25, 1920,\" J. B. Ferneyhough noted that after paying $16.80 for paper and printing of the Bulletin, $.65 on envelopes for same, and $1.13 on postage to send them, the Society's balance in the Treasury was $.52. (Report for 1920, Bulletin, No. 8, p. 10). However, the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia took an interest in the Society the following year and supported John Stone's \"ballad tours\" by donating $500 \"for the recapture of these priceless relics of colonial literature scattered through the State.\" The typescript of instructions written by C. Alphonso Smith to John Stone regarding the field work to be carried out with that support, as well as excerpts from Stone's meticulous accounts of expenditures including his final $.25 charge for shoe polish are of some historic interest in the annals of supported folklore research. Needless to say, the Society's Bulletin for 1921 was gratefully dedicated to the Colonial Dames of America.","Two figures, who were important in the later periods of the Society's history, appeared on the scene for the first time at the 10th annual meeting on November 30, 1923, again held at the John Marshall High School in Richmond. One of these persons was Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jr. of Barber, Virginia, who was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the Society.","The second individual was Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. who was, at that time, an Instructor of English at the University of Virginia, where he remained throughout his lifetime. C. Alphonso Smith introduced Davis as the person who will \"publish our findings\" and wrote in the Bulletin that \"I shall turn over all of our ballads to him and he will select, reject, and edit as he thinks best.\" Davis was elected Archivist of the Society at that meeting. (Report for 1923, No. II). In June of 1924, Dr. C. Alphonso Smith died in Annapolis, Maryland. With his passing, the Virginia Folklore Society entered the second and longest phase of its history.","The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years: Meetings of the Society were held intermittently between 1924 and 1967, with both the purpose and organization of the Society becoming less clearly defined and apparent. There were periods of intensive collecting, recording and publishing, alternating with intervals of relative inactivity with regard to folklore.","In 1929, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. completed his initial work as editor and published 51 ballads collected under the auspices of the Society in Traditional Ballads in Virginia. Later, Davis wrote a series of articles for The University of Virginia News Letter (April 1, 1931; February 1, 1932; November 15, 1934; and March 1, 1935) describing the ongoing efforts of the Society and urging the further collection of ballads and folksongs. And many Society members did continue through time to actively collect folksongs or other folklore materials and to deposit the results in the Society's archive.","Beginning in 1932, Davis recorded 325 aluminum disks of folksongs and ballads, many of which, had been previously collected from informants identified earlier in the Society's history. These recordings, which were made possible by a $1,000 grant to Davis and the Society from the American Council of Learned Societies, are among the earliest field recordings of Anglo-American folksong extant in this country.","In March of 1934 Davis was able to obtain some funding from the Civil Works Administration, one of the Depression-generated New Deal programs. With that assistance he hired John Stone to collect folksongs and Winston Wilkinson to transcribe music. The project only lasted three weeks, but in that short time Stone managed to add another 89 songs to the Society's archive. Davis also was able to employ University of Virginia student and Crozet native, Fred F. Knobloch, in the spring of 1935 through the student-aid provision of another New Deal agency, the Federal Emergency Relief program.","In addition, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. served at least one term as President of the Southeastern Folklore Society.  Its annual program held at the University of Virginia in April, 1941 included Virginia ballads and folksongs sung by one of Alfreda Peel's informants, Mrs. Texas Gladden of Roanoke County.","In 1949, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. edited and published Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification. Otherwise, Society activities appear to have been at their lowest ebb during World War II and for a number of years following. By the mid-1950s, however, Davis, with the help of students George Walton Williams, Matthew Joseph Bruccoli and Paul Clayton Worthington, pursued further collecting possibilities and began efforts to make taped copies of the earlier aluminum disk recordings.","With the assistance of the aforementioned students, Davis also published More Traditional Ballads of Virginia in 1960. In dedicating the book \"To the Memory of C. Alphonso Smith, Martha M. Davis, Juliet Fauntleroy, Alfreda M. Peel, and John Stone\", Davis gave symbolic recognition--even though belated in some cases--to the passage of an age and a generation in the history of both the Society and of ballad collecting in the old style and tradition.","On March 15, 1963, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. wrote another article for The University of Virginia News Letter titled, \"Folklore in Virginia: Its Collection and Study.\" Perhaps stimulated by the urban folksong revival that was underway nationwide, he stated, \"the time seems ripe to revive the Society and to set its course toward the assembling of the State's miscellaneous folklore.\" This article prompted a considerable response and receipt of folklore collectanea. With that renewed interest, the Society began again to have regular annual meetings in 1967 and folklore materials began coming into the Society's archive in greater volume. Davis had plans to expand Society activities, including the publication of a journal, and he had made preliminary steps in those directions. Those projects were left unrealized when Professor Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. died in September, 1972.","Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline: The third phase of the Virginia Folklore Society's history actually began prior to Davis's death, when the media influence from the urban folksong revival and the development of scholarly programs in Folklore at several universities combined both to attract and create a demand for persons trained in such a discipline. In part in response to those particular circumstances and in part due simply to serendipity, several such newly trained Folklore specialists came to work in Virginia and not unexpectedly, soon became involved with the Virginia Folklore Society. With a Ph.D. from the Folklore Progam at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles L. Perdue, Jr. came to teach Folklore courses in the University of Virginia's English Department in 1971 and later became jointly affiliated with both the English \u0026 Anthropology Departments there. Shortly thereafter J. Roderick Moore, with an M.A. in Folklore Studies from the Cooperstown Program in New York State, began working and teaching first at Mountain Empire Community College in Big Stone Gap, then at the Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College in Ferrum, Virginia.","The contact between Perdue, specifically, and Davis at the University with regard to the Society was obviously shortlived. Nevertheless, a collaborative effort to revitalize the Society shortly after Davis's death involved long-time members, Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., President; C. Alphonso Smith, Jr. and Virginia F. Jordan, Vice-Presidents; and Fred F. Knobloch, Secretary-Treasurer; along with Perdue and Moore, their wives Nancy J. Martin-Perdue and Elizabeth Moore, Thomas E. Barden, a former student of Davis's, and many others.","The decision was made to separate the Society from its former association with the Virginia Educational Association and to hold regular, annual meetings, independently, each Fall in Charlottesville, Virginia. These were begun in November, 1974, with occasional Spring meetings held in various regions of the State. In 1979 the Society began publication of an occasional journal, with this being the fourth volume in the series of Folklore and Folklife in Virginia.","In spite of its new face, the reorganized Society retained the stamp of an earlier era, which was manifested to a large degree through the personalities and interests of Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., who continued as president of the Society until his death in 1978, and Fred F. Knobloch, who retired as the Society's secretary-treasurer shortly before his death in 1981.","The changes that have taken place in the Virginia Folklore Society reflect changes that have occurred in the field of Folklore generally, and also in other similar disciplines nationally, since 1913. The expansion of definitions of folklore to include material culture; the establishment of graduate programs in Folklore at Indiana University, the Universities of Pennsylvania, Texas, and California at Los Angeles, and elsewhere; and the movement of folklorists, who were trained in those settings and who thus have a broader view of the discipline, into a wide range of public sector positions have led to a gradual professionalization of the field.","Consistent with those directions, the Society was in recent years directly involved in the creation of the position of Virginia Folklife Coordinator. A proposal to create such a position was submitted by VFS Executive Board members to the National Endowment for the Arts, Folks Arts Program, and the Virginia Commission for the Arts (VCA) in 1988. This venture, which was subsequently funded, was a cooperative one between NEA, VCA, and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFHPP). The Folklife Coordinator, Garry W. Barrow, hired in 1989 to develop and administer a statewide Virginia Folklife Program, working under the heading of the VFHPP in Charlottesville. Initially, the Virginia Folklore Society Executive Board acted in an advisory capacity to that program, along with representatives from VCA and VFHPP. The fact that the position was called the Virginia Folklife Coordinator was, in itself, a reflection of the changes, already suggested, that had been occurring in the field of folklore/folklore in the late 1960s to 1970s.","Excerpted from http://faculty.virginia.edu/vafolk/archive.htm.","Material transferred from the papers bequeathed to the Library by Arthur Kyle Davis.  By agreement with Charles Perdue, archivist of the Virginia Folklore Society, the material, which was originally collected for the society, is now to become the archives of the Society.  It is not to be withdrawn from the library by the Society.","Virginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis.  Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.","Regarding boxes 6-10 and 21-24: These boxes contain the correspondence of C.A. Smith and Arthur K. Davis dealing primarily with folksong and ballad collecting.  Some of this correspondence is with members of the Virginia Folklore Society and some to miscellaneous individuals who sent in material or had information and/or questions regarding folksongs.","The recordings in this collection include a large collection of the recordings made by A. K. Davis, with the assistance of Fred Knobloch and other Virginia Folklore Society members/collectors on Fairchild aluminum transcription disks.  Davis divided the recordings into four groups: A (12 inch disks), B: (10 inch disks), C: (8 inch disks), D: 6 inch disks).","Please note, there are some song titles and lyrics that contain racially insensitive and/or culturally offensive language. In an effort to represent the resource as accurately as possible, library staff have transcribed the title exactly as it appears on the archival material or object.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Series","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 9936","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/779"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 9936","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/779"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Archival transfer from MSS 9829, the papers of Arthur Kyle Davis, 19 February 1974 comprise series one and two.  Series three, accession number Accession 2019-0235, donated by Marc Charles Perdue and Martin Clay Perdue."],"access_subjects_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["22.7 Cubic Feet 26 document boxes, 10 cubic foot boxes"],"extent_tesim":["22.7 Cubic Feet 26 document boxes, 10 cubic foot boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBoxes 27 and 28 do not circulate.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Boxes 27 and 28 do not circulate."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into three series: Series 1: Folk Songs; Series 2: Folk Song recordings; Series 3: Accession 2019-0235\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into three series: Series 1: Folk Songs; Series 2: Folk Song recordings; Series 3: Accession 2019-0235"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe broad outlines of change and growth in the study of folklore/folklife, however, is reflected on a small scale in the history of the Virginia Folklore Society and its three successive, but overlapping periods of development and achievement. These can be defined as: \"The Quest for the Ballad,\" \"The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years,\" and \"Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Quest for the Ballad: This era began with the founding of the Society by C. Alphonso Smith and is identified with his efforts and those of notable collectors, such as John Stone, Alfreda Peel, Martha Davis and Juliet Fauntleroy, as well as other teachers and members of the Virginia State Educational Association. In the first Bulletin of the Society in 1913, Smith made the pursuit of the ballad explicit and primary. Although he expressed interest in other types of folklore and acknowledged that \"[t]he ballad is not the whole of folklore,\" still this and all subsequent volumes of the Bulletin were devoted almost entirely to considerations of the ballad and its collection in Virginia (pp. 1-5). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnder C. Alphonso Smith's guidance as its first President and later as Vice-President and Archivist, early members of the Society concentrated on collecting oral versions of the classic English and Scottish ballads as defined by Francis James Child in his five volumes of The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. In the Bulletin for the third annual meeting held November 26, 1915, Smith reported on progress toward the Society's goal of obtaining at least 50 Child ballads in the State and he thanked \"all those who have co-operated with us in the effort made to restore our lyric past, and to make it a part of our lyric present.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1920, Stone's expansive program had suffered from membership and revenue loss in the wake of World War I. In the Secretary-Treasurer's report for the \"Year Ending November 25, 1920,\" J. B. Ferneyhough noted that after paying $16.80 for paper and printing of the Bulletin, $.65 on envelopes for same, and $1.13 on postage to send them, the Society's balance in the Treasury was $.52. (Report for 1920, Bulletin, No. 8, p. 10). However, the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia took an interest in the Society the following year and supported John Stone's \"ballad tours\" by donating $500 \"for the recapture of these priceless relics of colonial literature scattered through the State.\" The typescript of instructions written by C. Alphonso Smith to John Stone regarding the field work to be carried out with that support, as well as excerpts from Stone's meticulous accounts of expenditures including his final $.25 charge for shoe polish are of some historic interest in the annals of supported folklore research. Needless to say, the Society's Bulletin for 1921 was gratefully dedicated to the Colonial Dames of America. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo figures, who were important in the later periods of the Society's history, appeared on the scene for the first time at the 10th annual meeting on November 30, 1923, again held at the John Marshall High School in Richmond. One of these persons was Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jr. of Barber, Virginia, who was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the Society. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second individual was Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. who was, at that time, an Instructor of English at the University of Virginia, where he remained throughout his lifetime. C. Alphonso Smith introduced Davis as the person who will \"publish our findings\" and wrote in the Bulletin that \"I shall turn over all of our ballads to him and he will select, reject, and edit as he thinks best.\" Davis was elected Archivist of the Society at that meeting. (Report for 1923, No. II). In June of 1924, Dr. C. Alphonso Smith died in Annapolis, Maryland. With his passing, the Virginia Folklore Society entered the second and longest phase of its history. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years: Meetings of the Society were held intermittently between 1924 and 1967, with both the purpose and organization of the Society becoming less clearly defined and apparent. There were periods of intensive collecting, recording and publishing, alternating with intervals of relative inactivity with regard to folklore. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1929, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. completed his initial work as editor and published 51 ballads collected under the auspices of the Society in Traditional Ballads in Virginia. Later, Davis wrote a series of articles for The University of Virginia News Letter (April 1, 1931; February 1, 1932; November 15, 1934; and March 1, 1935) describing the ongoing efforts of the Society and urging the further collection of ballads and folksongs. And many Society members did continue through time to actively collect folksongs or other folklore materials and to deposit the results in the Society's archive. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1932, Davis recorded 325 aluminum disks of folksongs and ballads, many of which, had been previously collected from informants identified earlier in the Society's history. These recordings, which were made possible by a $1,000 grant to Davis and the Society from the American Council of Learned Societies, are among the earliest field recordings of Anglo-American folksong extant in this country. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn March of 1934 Davis was able to obtain some funding from the Civil Works Administration, one of the Depression-generated New Deal programs. With that assistance he hired John Stone to collect folksongs and Winston Wilkinson to transcribe music. The project only lasted three weeks, but in that short time Stone managed to add another 89 songs to the Society's archive. Davis also was able to employ University of Virginia student and Crozet native, Fred F. Knobloch, in the spring of 1935 through the student-aid provision of another New Deal agency, the Federal Emergency Relief program. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. served at least one term as President of the Southeastern Folklore Society.  Its annual program held at the University of Virginia in April, 1941 included Virginia ballads and folksongs sung by one of Alfreda Peel's informants, Mrs. Texas Gladden of Roanoke County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1949, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. edited and published Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification. Otherwise, Society activities appear to have been at their lowest ebb during World War II and for a number of years following. By the mid-1950s, however, Davis, with the help of students George Walton Williams, Matthew Joseph Bruccoli and Paul Clayton Worthington, pursued further collecting possibilities and began efforts to make taped copies of the earlier aluminum disk recordings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith the assistance of the aforementioned students, Davis also published More Traditional Ballads of Virginia in 1960. In dedicating the book \"To the Memory of C. Alphonso Smith, Martha M. Davis, Juliet Fauntleroy, Alfreda M. Peel, and John Stone\", Davis gave symbolic recognition--even though belated in some cases--to the passage of an age and a generation in the history of both the Society and of ballad collecting in the old style and tradition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn March 15, 1963, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. wrote another article for The University of Virginia News Letter titled, \"Folklore in Virginia: Its Collection and Study.\" Perhaps stimulated by the urban folksong revival that was underway nationwide, he stated, \"the time seems ripe to revive the Society and to set its course toward the assembling of the State's miscellaneous folklore.\" This article prompted a considerable response and receipt of folklore collectanea. With that renewed interest, the Society began again to have regular annual meetings in 1967 and folklore materials began coming into the Society's archive in greater volume. Davis had plans to expand Society activities, including the publication of a journal, and he had made preliminary steps in those directions. Those projects were left unrealized when Professor Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. died in September, 1972. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline: The third phase of the Virginia Folklore Society's history actually began prior to Davis's death, when the media influence from the urban folksong revival and the development of scholarly programs in Folklore at several universities combined both to attract and create a demand for persons trained in such a discipline. In part in response to those particular circumstances and in part due simply to serendipity, several such newly trained Folklore specialists came to work in Virginia and not unexpectedly, soon became involved with the Virginia Folklore Society. With a Ph.D. from the Folklore Progam at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles L. Perdue, Jr. came to teach Folklore courses in the University of Virginia's English Department in 1971 and later became jointly affiliated with both the English \u0026amp; Anthropology Departments there. Shortly thereafter J. Roderick Moore, with an M.A. in Folklore Studies from the Cooperstown Program in New York State, began working and teaching first at Mountain Empire Community College in Big Stone Gap, then at the Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College in Ferrum, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contact between Perdue, specifically, and Davis at the University with regard to the Society was obviously shortlived. Nevertheless, a collaborative effort to revitalize the Society shortly after Davis's death involved long-time members, Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., President; C. Alphonso Smith, Jr. and Virginia F. Jordan, Vice-Presidents; and Fred F. Knobloch, Secretary-Treasurer; along with Perdue and Moore, their wives Nancy J. Martin-Perdue and Elizabeth Moore, Thomas E. Barden, a former student of Davis's, and many others. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe decision was made to separate the Society from its former association with the Virginia Educational Association and to hold regular, annual meetings, independently, each Fall in Charlottesville, Virginia. These were begun in November, 1974, with occasional Spring meetings held in various regions of the State. In 1979 the Society began publication of an occasional journal, with this being the fourth volume in the series of Folklore and Folklife in Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn spite of its new face, the reorganized Society retained the stamp of an earlier era, which was manifested to a large degree through the personalities and interests of Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., who continued as president of the Society until his death in 1978, and Fred F. Knobloch, who retired as the Society's secretary-treasurer shortly before his death in 1981. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe changes that have taken place in the Virginia Folklore Society reflect changes that have occurred in the field of Folklore generally, and also in other similar disciplines nationally, since 1913. The expansion of definitions of folklore to include material culture; the establishment of graduate programs in Folklore at Indiana University, the Universities of Pennsylvania, Texas, and California at Los Angeles, and elsewhere; and the movement of folklorists, who were trained in those settings and who thus have a broader view of the discipline, into a wide range of public sector positions have led to a gradual professionalization of the field. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsistent with those directions, the Society was in recent years directly involved in the creation of the position of Virginia Folklife Coordinator. A proposal to create such a position was submitted by VFS Executive Board members to the National Endowment for the Arts, Folks Arts Program, and the Virginia Commission for the Arts (VCA) in 1988. This venture, which was subsequently funded, was a cooperative one between NEA, VCA, and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFHPP). The Folklife Coordinator, Garry W. Barrow, hired in 1989 to develop and administer a statewide Virginia Folklife Program, working under the heading of the VFHPP in Charlottesville. Initially, the Virginia Folklore Society Executive Board acted in an advisory capacity to that program, along with representatives from VCA and VFHPP. The fact that the position was called the Virginia Folklife Coordinator was, in itself, a reflection of the changes, already suggested, that had been occurring in the field of folklore/folklore in the late 1960s to 1970s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcerpted from http://faculty.virginia.edu/vafolk/archive.htm. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The broad outlines of change and growth in the study of folklore/folklife, however, is reflected on a small scale in the history of the Virginia Folklore Society and its three successive, but overlapping periods of development and achievement. These can be defined as: \"The Quest for the Ballad,\" \"The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years,\" and \"Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline.\"","The Quest for the Ballad: This era began with the founding of the Society by C. Alphonso Smith and is identified with his efforts and those of notable collectors, such as John Stone, Alfreda Peel, Martha Davis and Juliet Fauntleroy, as well as other teachers and members of the Virginia State Educational Association. In the first Bulletin of the Society in 1913, Smith made the pursuit of the ballad explicit and primary. Although he expressed interest in other types of folklore and acknowledged that \"[t]he ballad is not the whole of folklore,\" still this and all subsequent volumes of the Bulletin were devoted almost entirely to considerations of the ballad and its collection in Virginia (pp. 1-5).","Under C. Alphonso Smith's guidance as its first President and later as Vice-President and Archivist, early members of the Society concentrated on collecting oral versions of the classic English and Scottish ballads as defined by Francis James Child in his five volumes of The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. In the Bulletin for the third annual meeting held November 26, 1915, Smith reported on progress toward the Society's goal of obtaining at least 50 Child ballads in the State and he thanked \"all those who have co-operated with us in the effort made to restore our lyric past, and to make it a part of our lyric present.\"","By 1920, Stone's expansive program had suffered from membership and revenue loss in the wake of World War I. In the Secretary-Treasurer's report for the \"Year Ending November 25, 1920,\" J. B. Ferneyhough noted that after paying $16.80 for paper and printing of the Bulletin, $.65 on envelopes for same, and $1.13 on postage to send them, the Society's balance in the Treasury was $.52. (Report for 1920, Bulletin, No. 8, p. 10). However, the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia took an interest in the Society the following year and supported John Stone's \"ballad tours\" by donating $500 \"for the recapture of these priceless relics of colonial literature scattered through the State.\" The typescript of instructions written by C. Alphonso Smith to John Stone regarding the field work to be carried out with that support, as well as excerpts from Stone's meticulous accounts of expenditures including his final $.25 charge for shoe polish are of some historic interest in the annals of supported folklore research. Needless to say, the Society's Bulletin for 1921 was gratefully dedicated to the Colonial Dames of America.","Two figures, who were important in the later periods of the Society's history, appeared on the scene for the first time at the 10th annual meeting on November 30, 1923, again held at the John Marshall High School in Richmond. One of these persons was Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jr. of Barber, Virginia, who was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the Society.","The second individual was Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. who was, at that time, an Instructor of English at the University of Virginia, where he remained throughout his lifetime. C. Alphonso Smith introduced Davis as the person who will \"publish our findings\" and wrote in the Bulletin that \"I shall turn over all of our ballads to him and he will select, reject, and edit as he thinks best.\" Davis was elected Archivist of the Society at that meeting. (Report for 1923, No. II). In June of 1924, Dr. C. Alphonso Smith died in Annapolis, Maryland. With his passing, the Virginia Folklore Society entered the second and longest phase of its history.","The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years: Meetings of the Society were held intermittently between 1924 and 1967, with both the purpose and organization of the Society becoming less clearly defined and apparent. There were periods of intensive collecting, recording and publishing, alternating with intervals of relative inactivity with regard to folklore.","In 1929, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. completed his initial work as editor and published 51 ballads collected under the auspices of the Society in Traditional Ballads in Virginia. Later, Davis wrote a series of articles for The University of Virginia News Letter (April 1, 1931; February 1, 1932; November 15, 1934; and March 1, 1935) describing the ongoing efforts of the Society and urging the further collection of ballads and folksongs. And many Society members did continue through time to actively collect folksongs or other folklore materials and to deposit the results in the Society's archive.","Beginning in 1932, Davis recorded 325 aluminum disks of folksongs and ballads, many of which, had been previously collected from informants identified earlier in the Society's history. These recordings, which were made possible by a $1,000 grant to Davis and the Society from the American Council of Learned Societies, are among the earliest field recordings of Anglo-American folksong extant in this country.","In March of 1934 Davis was able to obtain some funding from the Civil Works Administration, one of the Depression-generated New Deal programs. With that assistance he hired John Stone to collect folksongs and Winston Wilkinson to transcribe music. The project only lasted three weeks, but in that short time Stone managed to add another 89 songs to the Society's archive. Davis also was able to employ University of Virginia student and Crozet native, Fred F. Knobloch, in the spring of 1935 through the student-aid provision of another New Deal agency, the Federal Emergency Relief program.","In addition, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. served at least one term as President of the Southeastern Folklore Society.  Its annual program held at the University of Virginia in April, 1941 included Virginia ballads and folksongs sung by one of Alfreda Peel's informants, Mrs. Texas Gladden of Roanoke County.","In 1949, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. edited and published Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification. Otherwise, Society activities appear to have been at their lowest ebb during World War II and for a number of years following. By the mid-1950s, however, Davis, with the help of students George Walton Williams, Matthew Joseph Bruccoli and Paul Clayton Worthington, pursued further collecting possibilities and began efforts to make taped copies of the earlier aluminum disk recordings.","With the assistance of the aforementioned students, Davis also published More Traditional Ballads of Virginia in 1960. In dedicating the book \"To the Memory of C. Alphonso Smith, Martha M. Davis, Juliet Fauntleroy, Alfreda M. Peel, and John Stone\", Davis gave symbolic recognition--even though belated in some cases--to the passage of an age and a generation in the history of both the Society and of ballad collecting in the old style and tradition.","On March 15, 1963, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. wrote another article for The University of Virginia News Letter titled, \"Folklore in Virginia: Its Collection and Study.\" Perhaps stimulated by the urban folksong revival that was underway nationwide, he stated, \"the time seems ripe to revive the Society and to set its course toward the assembling of the State's miscellaneous folklore.\" This article prompted a considerable response and receipt of folklore collectanea. With that renewed interest, the Society began again to have regular annual meetings in 1967 and folklore materials began coming into the Society's archive in greater volume. Davis had plans to expand Society activities, including the publication of a journal, and he had made preliminary steps in those directions. Those projects were left unrealized when Professor Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. died in September, 1972.","Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline: The third phase of the Virginia Folklore Society's history actually began prior to Davis's death, when the media influence from the urban folksong revival and the development of scholarly programs in Folklore at several universities combined both to attract and create a demand for persons trained in such a discipline. In part in response to those particular circumstances and in part due simply to serendipity, several such newly trained Folklore specialists came to work in Virginia and not unexpectedly, soon became involved with the Virginia Folklore Society. With a Ph.D. from the Folklore Progam at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles L. Perdue, Jr. came to teach Folklore courses in the University of Virginia's English Department in 1971 and later became jointly affiliated with both the English \u0026 Anthropology Departments there. Shortly thereafter J. Roderick Moore, with an M.A. in Folklore Studies from the Cooperstown Program in New York State, began working and teaching first at Mountain Empire Community College in Big Stone Gap, then at the Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College in Ferrum, Virginia.","The contact between Perdue, specifically, and Davis at the University with regard to the Society was obviously shortlived. Nevertheless, a collaborative effort to revitalize the Society shortly after Davis's death involved long-time members, Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., President; C. Alphonso Smith, Jr. and Virginia F. Jordan, Vice-Presidents; and Fred F. Knobloch, Secretary-Treasurer; along with Perdue and Moore, their wives Nancy J. Martin-Perdue and Elizabeth Moore, Thomas E. Barden, a former student of Davis's, and many others.","The decision was made to separate the Society from its former association with the Virginia Educational Association and to hold regular, annual meetings, independently, each Fall in Charlottesville, Virginia. These were begun in November, 1974, with occasional Spring meetings held in various regions of the State. In 1979 the Society began publication of an occasional journal, with this being the fourth volume in the series of Folklore and Folklife in Virginia.","In spite of its new face, the reorganized Society retained the stamp of an earlier era, which was manifested to a large degree through the personalities and interests of Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., who continued as president of the Society until his death in 1978, and Fred F. Knobloch, who retired as the Society's secretary-treasurer shortly before his death in 1981.","The changes that have taken place in the Virginia Folklore Society reflect changes that have occurred in the field of Folklore generally, and also in other similar disciplines nationally, since 1913. The expansion of definitions of folklore to include material culture; the establishment of graduate programs in Folklore at Indiana University, the Universities of Pennsylvania, Texas, and California at Los Angeles, and elsewhere; and the movement of folklorists, who were trained in those settings and who thus have a broader view of the discipline, into a wide range of public sector positions have led to a gradual professionalization of the field.","Consistent with those directions, the Society was in recent years directly involved in the creation of the position of Virginia Folklife Coordinator. A proposal to create such a position was submitted by VFS Executive Board members to the National Endowment for the Arts, Folks Arts Program, and the Virginia Commission for the Arts (VCA) in 1988. This venture, which was subsequently funded, was a cooperative one between NEA, VCA, and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFHPP). The Folklife Coordinator, Garry W. Barrow, hired in 1989 to develop and administer a statewide Virginia Folklife Program, working under the heading of the VFHPP in Charlottesville. Initially, the Virginia Folklore Society Executive Board acted in an advisory capacity to that program, along with representatives from VCA and VFHPP. The fact that the position was called the Virginia Folklife Coordinator was, in itself, a reflection of the changes, already suggested, that had been occurring in the field of folklore/folklore in the late 1960s to 1970s.","Excerpted from http://faculty.virginia.edu/vafolk/archive.htm."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial transferred from the papers bequeathed to the Library by Arthur Kyle Davis.  By agreement with Charles Perdue, archivist of the Virginia Folklore Society, the material, which was originally collected for the society, is now to become the archives of the Society.  It is not to be withdrawn from the library by the Society.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Material transferred from the papers bequeathed to the Library by Arthur Kyle Davis.  By agreement with Charles Perdue, archivist of the Virginia Folklore Society, the material, which was originally collected for the society, is now to become the archives of the Society.  It is not to be withdrawn from the library by the Society."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis.  Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegarding boxes 6-10 and 21-24: These boxes contain the correspondence of C.A. Smith and Arthur K. Davis dealing primarily with folksong and ballad collecting.  Some of this correspondence is with members of the Virginia Folklore Society and some to miscellaneous individuals who sent in material or had information and/or questions regarding folksongs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe recordings in this collection include a large collection of the recordings made by A. K. Davis, with the assistance of Fred Knobloch and other Virginia Folklore Society members/collectors on Fairchild aluminum transcription disks.  Davis divided the recordings into four groups: A (12 inch disks), B: (10 inch disks), C: (8 inch disks), D: 6 inch disks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, there are some song titles and lyrics that contain racially insensitive and/or culturally offensive language. In an effort to represent the resource as accurately as possible, library staff have transcribed the title exactly as it appears on the archival material or object.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Virginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis.  Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.","Regarding boxes 6-10 and 21-24: These boxes contain the correspondence of C.A. Smith and Arthur K. Davis dealing primarily with folksong and ballad collecting.  Some of this correspondence is with members of the Virginia Folklore Society and some to miscellaneous individuals who sent in material or had information and/or questions regarding folksongs.","The recordings in this collection include a large collection of the recordings made by A. K. Davis, with the assistance of Fred Knobloch and other Virginia Folklore Society members/collectors on Fairchild aluminum transcription disks.  Davis divided the recordings into four groups: A (12 inch disks), B: (10 inch disks), C: (8 inch disks), D: 6 inch disks).","Please note, there are some song titles and lyrics that contain racially insensitive and/or culturally offensive language. In an effort to represent the resource as accurately as possible, library staff have transcribed the title exactly as it appears on the archival material or object."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":210,"online_item_count_is":173,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_779.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/687","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Folklore Society records","title_ssm":["Virginia Folklore Society records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Folklore Society records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1905-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1905-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007"],"text":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007","MSS 9936","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/779","clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks","Boxes 27 and 28 do not circulate.","Arranged into three series: Series 1: Folk Songs; Series 2: Folk Song recordings; Series 3: Accession 2019-0235","The broad outlines of change and growth in the study of folklore/folklife, however, is reflected on a small scale in the history of the Virginia Folklore Society and its three successive, but overlapping periods of development and achievement. These can be defined as: \"The Quest for the Ballad,\" \"The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years,\" and \"Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline.\"","The Quest for the Ballad: This era began with the founding of the Society by C. Alphonso Smith and is identified with his efforts and those of notable collectors, such as John Stone, Alfreda Peel, Martha Davis and Juliet Fauntleroy, as well as other teachers and members of the Virginia State Educational Association. In the first Bulletin of the Society in 1913, Smith made the pursuit of the ballad explicit and primary. Although he expressed interest in other types of folklore and acknowledged that \"[t]he ballad is not the whole of folklore,\" still this and all subsequent volumes of the Bulletin were devoted almost entirely to considerations of the ballad and its collection in Virginia (pp. 1-5).","Under C. Alphonso Smith's guidance as its first President and later as Vice-President and Archivist, early members of the Society concentrated on collecting oral versions of the classic English and Scottish ballads as defined by Francis James Child in his five volumes of The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. In the Bulletin for the third annual meeting held November 26, 1915, Smith reported on progress toward the Society's goal of obtaining at least 50 Child ballads in the State and he thanked \"all those who have co-operated with us in the effort made to restore our lyric past, and to make it a part of our lyric present.\"","By 1920, Stone's expansive program had suffered from membership and revenue loss in the wake of World War I. In the Secretary-Treasurer's report for the \"Year Ending November 25, 1920,\" J. B. Ferneyhough noted that after paying $16.80 for paper and printing of the Bulletin, $.65 on envelopes for same, and $1.13 on postage to send them, the Society's balance in the Treasury was $.52. (Report for 1920, Bulletin, No. 8, p. 10). However, the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia took an interest in the Society the following year and supported John Stone's \"ballad tours\" by donating $500 \"for the recapture of these priceless relics of colonial literature scattered through the State.\" The typescript of instructions written by C. Alphonso Smith to John Stone regarding the field work to be carried out with that support, as well as excerpts from Stone's meticulous accounts of expenditures including his final $.25 charge for shoe polish are of some historic interest in the annals of supported folklore research. Needless to say, the Society's Bulletin for 1921 was gratefully dedicated to the Colonial Dames of America.","Two figures, who were important in the later periods of the Society's history, appeared on the scene for the first time at the 10th annual meeting on November 30, 1923, again held at the John Marshall High School in Richmond. One of these persons was Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jr. of Barber, Virginia, who was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the Society.","The second individual was Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. who was, at that time, an Instructor of English at the University of Virginia, where he remained throughout his lifetime. C. Alphonso Smith introduced Davis as the person who will \"publish our findings\" and wrote in the Bulletin that \"I shall turn over all of our ballads to him and he will select, reject, and edit as he thinks best.\" Davis was elected Archivist of the Society at that meeting. (Report for 1923, No. II). In June of 1924, Dr. C. Alphonso Smith died in Annapolis, Maryland. With his passing, the Virginia Folklore Society entered the second and longest phase of its history.","The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years: Meetings of the Society were held intermittently between 1924 and 1967, with both the purpose and organization of the Society becoming less clearly defined and apparent. There were periods of intensive collecting, recording and publishing, alternating with intervals of relative inactivity with regard to folklore.","In 1929, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. completed his initial work as editor and published 51 ballads collected under the auspices of the Society in Traditional Ballads in Virginia. Later, Davis wrote a series of articles for The University of Virginia News Letter (April 1, 1931; February 1, 1932; November 15, 1934; and March 1, 1935) describing the ongoing efforts of the Society and urging the further collection of ballads and folksongs. And many Society members did continue through time to actively collect folksongs or other folklore materials and to deposit the results in the Society's archive.","Beginning in 1932, Davis recorded 325 aluminum disks of folksongs and ballads, many of which, had been previously collected from informants identified earlier in the Society's history. These recordings, which were made possible by a $1,000 grant to Davis and the Society from the American Council of Learned Societies, are among the earliest field recordings of Anglo-American folksong extant in this country.","In March of 1934 Davis was able to obtain some funding from the Civil Works Administration, one of the Depression-generated New Deal programs. With that assistance he hired John Stone to collect folksongs and Winston Wilkinson to transcribe music. The project only lasted three weeks, but in that short time Stone managed to add another 89 songs to the Society's archive. Davis also was able to employ University of Virginia student and Crozet native, Fred F. Knobloch, in the spring of 1935 through the student-aid provision of another New Deal agency, the Federal Emergency Relief program.","In addition, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. served at least one term as President of the Southeastern Folklore Society.  Its annual program held at the University of Virginia in April, 1941 included Virginia ballads and folksongs sung by one of Alfreda Peel's informants, Mrs. Texas Gladden of Roanoke County.","In 1949, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. edited and published Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification. Otherwise, Society activities appear to have been at their lowest ebb during World War II and for a number of years following. By the mid-1950s, however, Davis, with the help of students George Walton Williams, Matthew Joseph Bruccoli and Paul Clayton Worthington, pursued further collecting possibilities and began efforts to make taped copies of the earlier aluminum disk recordings.","With the assistance of the aforementioned students, Davis also published More Traditional Ballads of Virginia in 1960. In dedicating the book \"To the Memory of C. Alphonso Smith, Martha M. Davis, Juliet Fauntleroy, Alfreda M. Peel, and John Stone\", Davis gave symbolic recognition--even though belated in some cases--to the passage of an age and a generation in the history of both the Society and of ballad collecting in the old style and tradition.","On March 15, 1963, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. wrote another article for The University of Virginia News Letter titled, \"Folklore in Virginia: Its Collection and Study.\" Perhaps stimulated by the urban folksong revival that was underway nationwide, he stated, \"the time seems ripe to revive the Society and to set its course toward the assembling of the State's miscellaneous folklore.\" This article prompted a considerable response and receipt of folklore collectanea. With that renewed interest, the Society began again to have regular annual meetings in 1967 and folklore materials began coming into the Society's archive in greater volume. Davis had plans to expand Society activities, including the publication of a journal, and he had made preliminary steps in those directions. Those projects were left unrealized when Professor Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. died in September, 1972.","Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline: The third phase of the Virginia Folklore Society's history actually began prior to Davis's death, when the media influence from the urban folksong revival and the development of scholarly programs in Folklore at several universities combined both to attract and create a demand for persons trained in such a discipline. In part in response to those particular circumstances and in part due simply to serendipity, several such newly trained Folklore specialists came to work in Virginia and not unexpectedly, soon became involved with the Virginia Folklore Society. With a Ph.D. from the Folklore Progam at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles L. Perdue, Jr. came to teach Folklore courses in the University of Virginia's English Department in 1971 and later became jointly affiliated with both the English \u0026 Anthropology Departments there. Shortly thereafter J. Roderick Moore, with an M.A. in Folklore Studies from the Cooperstown Program in New York State, began working and teaching first at Mountain Empire Community College in Big Stone Gap, then at the Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College in Ferrum, Virginia.","The contact between Perdue, specifically, and Davis at the University with regard to the Society was obviously shortlived. Nevertheless, a collaborative effort to revitalize the Society shortly after Davis's death involved long-time members, Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., President; C. Alphonso Smith, Jr. and Virginia F. Jordan, Vice-Presidents; and Fred F. Knobloch, Secretary-Treasurer; along with Perdue and Moore, their wives Nancy J. Martin-Perdue and Elizabeth Moore, Thomas E. Barden, a former student of Davis's, and many others.","The decision was made to separate the Society from its former association with the Virginia Educational Association and to hold regular, annual meetings, independently, each Fall in Charlottesville, Virginia. These were begun in November, 1974, with occasional Spring meetings held in various regions of the State. In 1979 the Society began publication of an occasional journal, with this being the fourth volume in the series of Folklore and Folklife in Virginia.","In spite of its new face, the reorganized Society retained the stamp of an earlier era, which was manifested to a large degree through the personalities and interests of Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., who continued as president of the Society until his death in 1978, and Fred F. Knobloch, who retired as the Society's secretary-treasurer shortly before his death in 1981.","The changes that have taken place in the Virginia Folklore Society reflect changes that have occurred in the field of Folklore generally, and also in other similar disciplines nationally, since 1913. The expansion of definitions of folklore to include material culture; the establishment of graduate programs in Folklore at Indiana University, the Universities of Pennsylvania, Texas, and California at Los Angeles, and elsewhere; and the movement of folklorists, who were trained in those settings and who thus have a broader view of the discipline, into a wide range of public sector positions have led to a gradual professionalization of the field.","Consistent with those directions, the Society was in recent years directly involved in the creation of the position of Virginia Folklife Coordinator. A proposal to create such a position was submitted by VFS Executive Board members to the National Endowment for the Arts, Folks Arts Program, and the Virginia Commission for the Arts (VCA) in 1988. This venture, which was subsequently funded, was a cooperative one between NEA, VCA, and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFHPP). The Folklife Coordinator, Garry W. Barrow, hired in 1989 to develop and administer a statewide Virginia Folklife Program, working under the heading of the VFHPP in Charlottesville. Initially, the Virginia Folklore Society Executive Board acted in an advisory capacity to that program, along with representatives from VCA and VFHPP. The fact that the position was called the Virginia Folklife Coordinator was, in itself, a reflection of the changes, already suggested, that had been occurring in the field of folklore/folklore in the late 1960s to 1970s.","Excerpted from http://faculty.virginia.edu/vafolk/archive.htm.","Material transferred from the papers bequeathed to the Library by Arthur Kyle Davis.  By agreement with Charles Perdue, archivist of the Virginia Folklore Society, the material, which was originally collected for the society, is now to become the archives of the Society.  It is not to be withdrawn from the library by the Society.","Virginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis.  Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.","Regarding boxes 6-10 and 21-24: These boxes contain the correspondence of C.A. Smith and Arthur K. Davis dealing primarily with folksong and ballad collecting.  Some of this correspondence is with members of the Virginia Folklore Society and some to miscellaneous individuals who sent in material or had information and/or questions regarding folksongs.","The recordings in this collection include a large collection of the recordings made by A. K. Davis, with the assistance of Fred Knobloch and other Virginia Folklore Society members/collectors on Fairchild aluminum transcription disks.  Davis divided the recordings into four groups: A (12 inch disks), B: (10 inch disks), C: (8 inch disks), D: 6 inch disks).","Please note, there are some song titles and lyrics that contain racially insensitive and/or culturally offensive language. In an effort to represent the resource as accurately as possible, library staff have transcribed the title exactly as it appears on the archival material or object.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Folklore Society records, 1905/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Series","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 9936","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/779"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 9936","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/779"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. (Harry Minor), 1893-1981","Davis, Russell, 1904-1944","Ogg, Florence Belle, 1879-1954","Booker, Betty Burwell, 1875-1967","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Archival transfer from MSS 9829, the papers of Arthur Kyle Davis, 19 February 1974 comprise series one and two.  Series three, accession number Accession 2019-0235, donated by Marc Charles Perdue and Martin Clay Perdue."],"access_subjects_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["22.7 Cubic Feet 26 document boxes, 10 cubic foot boxes"],"extent_tesim":["22.7 Cubic Feet 26 document boxes, 10 cubic foot boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","Black-and-white photographs","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBoxes 27 and 28 do not circulate.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Boxes 27 and 28 do not circulate."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into three series: Series 1: Folk Songs; Series 2: Folk Song recordings; Series 3: Accession 2019-0235\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into three series: Series 1: Folk Songs; Series 2: Folk Song recordings; Series 3: Accession 2019-0235"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe broad outlines of change and growth in the study of folklore/folklife, however, is reflected on a small scale in the history of the Virginia Folklore Society and its three successive, but overlapping periods of development and achievement. These can be defined as: \"The Quest for the Ballad,\" \"The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years,\" and \"Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Quest for the Ballad: This era began with the founding of the Society by C. Alphonso Smith and is identified with his efforts and those of notable collectors, such as John Stone, Alfreda Peel, Martha Davis and Juliet Fauntleroy, as well as other teachers and members of the Virginia State Educational Association. In the first Bulletin of the Society in 1913, Smith made the pursuit of the ballad explicit and primary. Although he expressed interest in other types of folklore and acknowledged that \"[t]he ballad is not the whole of folklore,\" still this and all subsequent volumes of the Bulletin were devoted almost entirely to considerations of the ballad and its collection in Virginia (pp. 1-5). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnder C. Alphonso Smith's guidance as its first President and later as Vice-President and Archivist, early members of the Society concentrated on collecting oral versions of the classic English and Scottish ballads as defined by Francis James Child in his five volumes of The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. In the Bulletin for the third annual meeting held November 26, 1915, Smith reported on progress toward the Society's goal of obtaining at least 50 Child ballads in the State and he thanked \"all those who have co-operated with us in the effort made to restore our lyric past, and to make it a part of our lyric present.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1920, Stone's expansive program had suffered from membership and revenue loss in the wake of World War I. In the Secretary-Treasurer's report for the \"Year Ending November 25, 1920,\" J. B. Ferneyhough noted that after paying $16.80 for paper and printing of the Bulletin, $.65 on envelopes for same, and $1.13 on postage to send them, the Society's balance in the Treasury was $.52. (Report for 1920, Bulletin, No. 8, p. 10). However, the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia took an interest in the Society the following year and supported John Stone's \"ballad tours\" by donating $500 \"for the recapture of these priceless relics of colonial literature scattered through the State.\" The typescript of instructions written by C. Alphonso Smith to John Stone regarding the field work to be carried out with that support, as well as excerpts from Stone's meticulous accounts of expenditures including his final $.25 charge for shoe polish are of some historic interest in the annals of supported folklore research. Needless to say, the Society's Bulletin for 1921 was gratefully dedicated to the Colonial Dames of America. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo figures, who were important in the later periods of the Society's history, appeared on the scene for the first time at the 10th annual meeting on November 30, 1923, again held at the John Marshall High School in Richmond. One of these persons was Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jr. of Barber, Virginia, who was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the Society. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second individual was Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. who was, at that time, an Instructor of English at the University of Virginia, where he remained throughout his lifetime. C. Alphonso Smith introduced Davis as the person who will \"publish our findings\" and wrote in the Bulletin that \"I shall turn over all of our ballads to him and he will select, reject, and edit as he thinks best.\" Davis was elected Archivist of the Society at that meeting. (Report for 1923, No. II). In June of 1924, Dr. C. Alphonso Smith died in Annapolis, Maryland. With his passing, the Virginia Folklore Society entered the second and longest phase of its history. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years: Meetings of the Society were held intermittently between 1924 and 1967, with both the purpose and organization of the Society becoming less clearly defined and apparent. There were periods of intensive collecting, recording and publishing, alternating with intervals of relative inactivity with regard to folklore. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1929, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. completed his initial work as editor and published 51 ballads collected under the auspices of the Society in Traditional Ballads in Virginia. Later, Davis wrote a series of articles for The University of Virginia News Letter (April 1, 1931; February 1, 1932; November 15, 1934; and March 1, 1935) describing the ongoing efforts of the Society and urging the further collection of ballads and folksongs. And many Society members did continue through time to actively collect folksongs or other folklore materials and to deposit the results in the Society's archive. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1932, Davis recorded 325 aluminum disks of folksongs and ballads, many of which, had been previously collected from informants identified earlier in the Society's history. These recordings, which were made possible by a $1,000 grant to Davis and the Society from the American Council of Learned Societies, are among the earliest field recordings of Anglo-American folksong extant in this country. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn March of 1934 Davis was able to obtain some funding from the Civil Works Administration, one of the Depression-generated New Deal programs. With that assistance he hired John Stone to collect folksongs and Winston Wilkinson to transcribe music. The project only lasted three weeks, but in that short time Stone managed to add another 89 songs to the Society's archive. Davis also was able to employ University of Virginia student and Crozet native, Fred F. Knobloch, in the spring of 1935 through the student-aid provision of another New Deal agency, the Federal Emergency Relief program. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. served at least one term as President of the Southeastern Folklore Society.  Its annual program held at the University of Virginia in April, 1941 included Virginia ballads and folksongs sung by one of Alfreda Peel's informants, Mrs. Texas Gladden of Roanoke County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1949, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. edited and published Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification. Otherwise, Society activities appear to have been at their lowest ebb during World War II and for a number of years following. By the mid-1950s, however, Davis, with the help of students George Walton Williams, Matthew Joseph Bruccoli and Paul Clayton Worthington, pursued further collecting possibilities and began efforts to make taped copies of the earlier aluminum disk recordings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith the assistance of the aforementioned students, Davis also published More Traditional Ballads of Virginia in 1960. In dedicating the book \"To the Memory of C. Alphonso Smith, Martha M. Davis, Juliet Fauntleroy, Alfreda M. Peel, and John Stone\", Davis gave symbolic recognition--even though belated in some cases--to the passage of an age and a generation in the history of both the Society and of ballad collecting in the old style and tradition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn March 15, 1963, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. wrote another article for The University of Virginia News Letter titled, \"Folklore in Virginia: Its Collection and Study.\" Perhaps stimulated by the urban folksong revival that was underway nationwide, he stated, \"the time seems ripe to revive the Society and to set its course toward the assembling of the State's miscellaneous folklore.\" This article prompted a considerable response and receipt of folklore collectanea. With that renewed interest, the Society began again to have regular annual meetings in 1967 and folklore materials began coming into the Society's archive in greater volume. Davis had plans to expand Society activities, including the publication of a journal, and he had made preliminary steps in those directions. Those projects were left unrealized when Professor Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. died in September, 1972. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline: The third phase of the Virginia Folklore Society's history actually began prior to Davis's death, when the media influence from the urban folksong revival and the development of scholarly programs in Folklore at several universities combined both to attract and create a demand for persons trained in such a discipline. In part in response to those particular circumstances and in part due simply to serendipity, several such newly trained Folklore specialists came to work in Virginia and not unexpectedly, soon became involved with the Virginia Folklore Society. With a Ph.D. from the Folklore Progam at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles L. Perdue, Jr. came to teach Folklore courses in the University of Virginia's English Department in 1971 and later became jointly affiliated with both the English \u0026amp; Anthropology Departments there. Shortly thereafter J. Roderick Moore, with an M.A. in Folklore Studies from the Cooperstown Program in New York State, began working and teaching first at Mountain Empire Community College in Big Stone Gap, then at the Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College in Ferrum, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contact between Perdue, specifically, and Davis at the University with regard to the Society was obviously shortlived. Nevertheless, a collaborative effort to revitalize the Society shortly after Davis's death involved long-time members, Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., President; C. Alphonso Smith, Jr. and Virginia F. Jordan, Vice-Presidents; and Fred F. Knobloch, Secretary-Treasurer; along with Perdue and Moore, their wives Nancy J. Martin-Perdue and Elizabeth Moore, Thomas E. Barden, a former student of Davis's, and many others. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe decision was made to separate the Society from its former association with the Virginia Educational Association and to hold regular, annual meetings, independently, each Fall in Charlottesville, Virginia. These were begun in November, 1974, with occasional Spring meetings held in various regions of the State. In 1979 the Society began publication of an occasional journal, with this being the fourth volume in the series of Folklore and Folklife in Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn spite of its new face, the reorganized Society retained the stamp of an earlier era, which was manifested to a large degree through the personalities and interests of Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., who continued as president of the Society until his death in 1978, and Fred F. Knobloch, who retired as the Society's secretary-treasurer shortly before his death in 1981. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe changes that have taken place in the Virginia Folklore Society reflect changes that have occurred in the field of Folklore generally, and also in other similar disciplines nationally, since 1913. The expansion of definitions of folklore to include material culture; the establishment of graduate programs in Folklore at Indiana University, the Universities of Pennsylvania, Texas, and California at Los Angeles, and elsewhere; and the movement of folklorists, who were trained in those settings and who thus have a broader view of the discipline, into a wide range of public sector positions have led to a gradual professionalization of the field. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsistent with those directions, the Society was in recent years directly involved in the creation of the position of Virginia Folklife Coordinator. A proposal to create such a position was submitted by VFS Executive Board members to the National Endowment for the Arts, Folks Arts Program, and the Virginia Commission for the Arts (VCA) in 1988. This venture, which was subsequently funded, was a cooperative one between NEA, VCA, and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFHPP). The Folklife Coordinator, Garry W. Barrow, hired in 1989 to develop and administer a statewide Virginia Folklife Program, working under the heading of the VFHPP in Charlottesville. Initially, the Virginia Folklore Society Executive Board acted in an advisory capacity to that program, along with representatives from VCA and VFHPP. The fact that the position was called the Virginia Folklife Coordinator was, in itself, a reflection of the changes, already suggested, that had been occurring in the field of folklore/folklore in the late 1960s to 1970s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcerpted from http://faculty.virginia.edu/vafolk/archive.htm. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The broad outlines of change and growth in the study of folklore/folklife, however, is reflected on a small scale in the history of the Virginia Folklore Society and its three successive, but overlapping periods of development and achievement. These can be defined as: \"The Quest for the Ballad,\" \"The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years,\" and \"Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline.\"","The Quest for the Ballad: This era began with the founding of the Society by C. Alphonso Smith and is identified with his efforts and those of notable collectors, such as John Stone, Alfreda Peel, Martha Davis and Juliet Fauntleroy, as well as other teachers and members of the Virginia State Educational Association. In the first Bulletin of the Society in 1913, Smith made the pursuit of the ballad explicit and primary. Although he expressed interest in other types of folklore and acknowledged that \"[t]he ballad is not the whole of folklore,\" still this and all subsequent volumes of the Bulletin were devoted almost entirely to considerations of the ballad and its collection in Virginia (pp. 1-5).","Under C. Alphonso Smith's guidance as its first President and later as Vice-President and Archivist, early members of the Society concentrated on collecting oral versions of the classic English and Scottish ballads as defined by Francis James Child in his five volumes of The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. In the Bulletin for the third annual meeting held November 26, 1915, Smith reported on progress toward the Society's goal of obtaining at least 50 Child ballads in the State and he thanked \"all those who have co-operated with us in the effort made to restore our lyric past, and to make it a part of our lyric present.\"","By 1920, Stone's expansive program had suffered from membership and revenue loss in the wake of World War I. In the Secretary-Treasurer's report for the \"Year Ending November 25, 1920,\" J. B. Ferneyhough noted that after paying $16.80 for paper and printing of the Bulletin, $.65 on envelopes for same, and $1.13 on postage to send them, the Society's balance in the Treasury was $.52. (Report for 1920, Bulletin, No. 8, p. 10). However, the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia took an interest in the Society the following year and supported John Stone's \"ballad tours\" by donating $500 \"for the recapture of these priceless relics of colonial literature scattered through the State.\" The typescript of instructions written by C. Alphonso Smith to John Stone regarding the field work to be carried out with that support, as well as excerpts from Stone's meticulous accounts of expenditures including his final $.25 charge for shoe polish are of some historic interest in the annals of supported folklore research. Needless to say, the Society's Bulletin for 1921 was gratefully dedicated to the Colonial Dames of America.","Two figures, who were important in the later periods of the Society's history, appeared on the scene for the first time at the 10th annual meeting on November 30, 1923, again held at the John Marshall High School in Richmond. One of these persons was Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jr. of Barber, Virginia, who was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the Society.","The second individual was Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. who was, at that time, an Instructor of English at the University of Virginia, where he remained throughout his lifetime. C. Alphonso Smith introduced Davis as the person who will \"publish our findings\" and wrote in the Bulletin that \"I shall turn over all of our ballads to him and he will select, reject, and edit as he thinks best.\" Davis was elected Archivist of the Society at that meeting. (Report for 1923, No. II). In June of 1924, Dr. C. Alphonso Smith died in Annapolis, Maryland. With his passing, the Virginia Folklore Society entered the second and longest phase of its history.","The Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. Years: Meetings of the Society were held intermittently between 1924 and 1967, with both the purpose and organization of the Society becoming less clearly defined and apparent. There were periods of intensive collecting, recording and publishing, alternating with intervals of relative inactivity with regard to folklore.","In 1929, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. completed his initial work as editor and published 51 ballads collected under the auspices of the Society in Traditional Ballads in Virginia. Later, Davis wrote a series of articles for The University of Virginia News Letter (April 1, 1931; February 1, 1932; November 15, 1934; and March 1, 1935) describing the ongoing efforts of the Society and urging the further collection of ballads and folksongs. And many Society members did continue through time to actively collect folksongs or other folklore materials and to deposit the results in the Society's archive.","Beginning in 1932, Davis recorded 325 aluminum disks of folksongs and ballads, many of which, had been previously collected from informants identified earlier in the Society's history. These recordings, which were made possible by a $1,000 grant to Davis and the Society from the American Council of Learned Societies, are among the earliest field recordings of Anglo-American folksong extant in this country.","In March of 1934 Davis was able to obtain some funding from the Civil Works Administration, one of the Depression-generated New Deal programs. With that assistance he hired John Stone to collect folksongs and Winston Wilkinson to transcribe music. The project only lasted three weeks, but in that short time Stone managed to add another 89 songs to the Society's archive. Davis also was able to employ University of Virginia student and Crozet native, Fred F. Knobloch, in the spring of 1935 through the student-aid provision of another New Deal agency, the Federal Emergency Relief program.","In addition, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. served at least one term as President of the Southeastern Folklore Society.  Its annual program held at the University of Virginia in April, 1941 included Virginia ballads and folksongs sung by one of Alfreda Peel's informants, Mrs. Texas Gladden of Roanoke County.","In 1949, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. edited and published Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification. Otherwise, Society activities appear to have been at their lowest ebb during World War II and for a number of years following. By the mid-1950s, however, Davis, with the help of students George Walton Williams, Matthew Joseph Bruccoli and Paul Clayton Worthington, pursued further collecting possibilities and began efforts to make taped copies of the earlier aluminum disk recordings.","With the assistance of the aforementioned students, Davis also published More Traditional Ballads of Virginia in 1960. In dedicating the book \"To the Memory of C. Alphonso Smith, Martha M. Davis, Juliet Fauntleroy, Alfreda M. Peel, and John Stone\", Davis gave symbolic recognition--even though belated in some cases--to the passage of an age and a generation in the history of both the Society and of ballad collecting in the old style and tradition.","On March 15, 1963, Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. wrote another article for The University of Virginia News Letter titled, \"Folklore in Virginia: Its Collection and Study.\" Perhaps stimulated by the urban folksong revival that was underway nationwide, he stated, \"the time seems ripe to revive the Society and to set its course toward the assembling of the State's miscellaneous folklore.\" This article prompted a considerable response and receipt of folklore collectanea. With that renewed interest, the Society began again to have regular annual meetings in 1967 and folklore materials began coming into the Society's archive in greater volume. Davis had plans to expand Society activities, including the publication of a journal, and he had made preliminary steps in those directions. Those projects were left unrealized when Professor Arthur Kyle Davis, Jr. died in September, 1972.","Folklore/Folklife: Professionalization of the Discipline: The third phase of the Virginia Folklore Society's history actually began prior to Davis's death, when the media influence from the urban folksong revival and the development of scholarly programs in Folklore at several universities combined both to attract and create a demand for persons trained in such a discipline. In part in response to those particular circumstances and in part due simply to serendipity, several such newly trained Folklore specialists came to work in Virginia and not unexpectedly, soon became involved with the Virginia Folklore Society. With a Ph.D. from the Folklore Progam at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles L. Perdue, Jr. came to teach Folklore courses in the University of Virginia's English Department in 1971 and later became jointly affiliated with both the English \u0026 Anthropology Departments there. Shortly thereafter J. Roderick Moore, with an M.A. in Folklore Studies from the Cooperstown Program in New York State, began working and teaching first at Mountain Empire Community College in Big Stone Gap, then at the Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College in Ferrum, Virginia.","The contact between Perdue, specifically, and Davis at the University with regard to the Society was obviously shortlived. Nevertheless, a collaborative effort to revitalize the Society shortly after Davis's death involved long-time members, Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., President; C. Alphonso Smith, Jr. and Virginia F. Jordan, Vice-Presidents; and Fred F. Knobloch, Secretary-Treasurer; along with Perdue and Moore, their wives Nancy J. Martin-Perdue and Elizabeth Moore, Thomas E. Barden, a former student of Davis's, and many others.","The decision was made to separate the Society from its former association with the Virginia Educational Association and to hold regular, annual meetings, independently, each Fall in Charlottesville, Virginia. These were begun in November, 1974, with occasional Spring meetings held in various regions of the State. In 1979 the Society began publication of an occasional journal, with this being the fourth volume in the series of Folklore and Folklife in Virginia.","In spite of its new face, the reorganized Society retained the stamp of an earlier era, which was manifested to a large degree through the personalities and interests of Ben C. Moomaw, Jr., who continued as president of the Society until his death in 1978, and Fred F. Knobloch, who retired as the Society's secretary-treasurer shortly before his death in 1981.","The changes that have taken place in the Virginia Folklore Society reflect changes that have occurred in the field of Folklore generally, and also in other similar disciplines nationally, since 1913. The expansion of definitions of folklore to include material culture; the establishment of graduate programs in Folklore at Indiana University, the Universities of Pennsylvania, Texas, and California at Los Angeles, and elsewhere; and the movement of folklorists, who were trained in those settings and who thus have a broader view of the discipline, into a wide range of public sector positions have led to a gradual professionalization of the field.","Consistent with those directions, the Society was in recent years directly involved in the creation of the position of Virginia Folklife Coordinator. A proposal to create such a position was submitted by VFS Executive Board members to the National Endowment for the Arts, Folks Arts Program, and the Virginia Commission for the Arts (VCA) in 1988. This venture, which was subsequently funded, was a cooperative one between NEA, VCA, and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFHPP). The Folklife Coordinator, Garry W. Barrow, hired in 1989 to develop and administer a statewide Virginia Folklife Program, working under the heading of the VFHPP in Charlottesville. Initially, the Virginia Folklore Society Executive Board acted in an advisory capacity to that program, along with representatives from VCA and VFHPP. The fact that the position was called the Virginia Folklife Coordinator was, in itself, a reflection of the changes, already suggested, that had been occurring in the field of folklore/folklore in the late 1960s to 1970s.","Excerpted from http://faculty.virginia.edu/vafolk/archive.htm."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial transferred from the papers bequeathed to the Library by Arthur Kyle Davis.  By agreement with Charles Perdue, archivist of the Virginia Folklore Society, the material, which was originally collected for the society, is now to become the archives of the Society.  It is not to be withdrawn from the library by the Society.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Material transferred from the papers bequeathed to the Library by Arthur Kyle Davis.  By agreement with Charles Perdue, archivist of the Virginia Folklore Society, the material, which was originally collected for the society, is now to become the archives of the Society.  It is not to be withdrawn from the library by the Society."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis.  Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegarding boxes 6-10 and 21-24: These boxes contain the correspondence of C.A. Smith and Arthur K. Davis dealing primarily with folksong and ballad collecting.  Some of this correspondence is with members of the Virginia Folklore Society and some to miscellaneous individuals who sent in material or had information and/or questions regarding folksongs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe recordings in this collection include a large collection of the recordings made by A. K. Davis, with the assistance of Fred Knobloch and other Virginia Folklore Society members/collectors on Fairchild aluminum transcription disks.  Davis divided the recordings into four groups: A (12 inch disks), B: (10 inch disks), C: (8 inch disks), D: 6 inch disks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, there are some song titles and lyrics that contain racially insensitive and/or culturally offensive language. In an effort to represent the resource as accurately as possible, library staff have transcribed the title exactly as it appears on the archival material or object.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Virginia Folklore Society records (1913-1967; 22.7 cubic feet) consist chiefly of songs collected by the society's fieldworkers in the 1930s under the direction of society archivist Arthur Kyle Davis.  Sheet music, folklore, newsletters and photographs are also included, as are recordings of many of the songs.","Regarding boxes 6-10 and 21-24: These boxes contain the correspondence of C.A. Smith and Arthur K. Davis dealing primarily with folksong and ballad collecting.  Some of this correspondence is with members of the Virginia Folklore Society and some to miscellaneous individuals who sent in material or had information and/or questions regarding folksongs.","The recordings in this collection include a large collection of the recordings made by A. K. Davis, with the assistance of Fred Knobloch and other Virginia Folklore Society members/collectors on Fairchild aluminum transcription disks.  Davis divided the recordings into four groups: A (12 inch disks), B: (10 inch disks), C: (8 inch disks), D: 6 inch disks).","Please note, there are some song titles and lyrics that contain racially insensitive and/or culturally offensive language. In an effort to represent the resource as accurately as possible, library staff have transcribed the title exactly as it appears on the archival material or object."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Keesee, Abner, 1875-1956","Gladden, Texas, 1895-1966","Barker, Horton, 1889-1973","Morris, Victoria Shifflett","Peel, Alfreda Marion","MacAlexander, Eunice Yeatts, 1909-1990","Sears, Sis, 1888-1960","Hunt, John M., (Singer)","Lee, Charles Irving, 1874-1946","Barnard, Allie Wallace, 1909-2001","Palmer, George William, 1869-1936","Staples, Eleanor Louise, 1922-2012","Bean, Robert Bennett, 1874-1944","Eager, George Boardman, 1847-1929","Davis, Lambert, 1905-1993","Wicks, Carter, 1879-1950","Dold, W. E. (William Elliott)","Bibb, Rosa Lewis, 1906-1992","Hall, George Basil, 1863-1943","Gardner, Lena JoEllen, 1912-2004","Adams, Henry Ward, 1861-1944","Kinnier, Leta Adams, 1912-1963","French, Daisy Mae, 1904-1986","Wilson, Harry M. 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