{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Women+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026page=2","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Women+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026page=1","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Women+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026page=3","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Women+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026page=12"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":12,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":120,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2249","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Barbara Woodward Architectural Collection, 1966/1992","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2249#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Woodward, Barbara A.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2249#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collecton consists of the architectural papers of Barbara Woodward, Residential Remodeling Designer. 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Woodward eventually ceased her work as a residential remodeling designer in 1991.","The guide to the Barbara Woodward Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The collection consists of drawings, sketches, photographs, specifications, materials lists, correspondence, memoranda, and notes. The collection relates to Woodward's design activities on various residential remodeling projects in Berkeley, Oakland and San Francisco, California during the time period from 1966 to 1992.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collecton consists of the architectural papers of Barbara Woodward, Residential Remodeling Designer. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Barbara Woodward Architectural Collection were donated to the Special Collections at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University by the creator in September 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.75 Cubic Feet 1 box; 2 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["1.75 Cubic Feet 1 box; 2 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to the public."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into one series of Project Records and two subseries of Files and Drawings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. 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It includes specifications, materials lists, correspondence, photographs and drawings relating to Woodward's design activities on various residential remodeling projects."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Woodward, Barbara A."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Woodward, Barbara A."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:31.807Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2249"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Withrow family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","title_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1780-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1780-1998"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1780/1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998"],"text":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998","Ms.2008.040","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978","Series V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841","Series VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936","Series VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981","Series IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941","Series X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866","Series XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998","Series XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997","Gen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek.","Joseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.","David Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.","Gordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.","David Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.","James Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867.","Sarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.","The four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.","Sarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.","James Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.","Samuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.","Mary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.","Frank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.","Frank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.","Edgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.","Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.","David Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.","Andrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.","Ellen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.","In 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.","Edgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929.","Annie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.","Letitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922.","The guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008.","A listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online, but files of particular interest may include:","Bentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's The McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). The 2014 update is also available online. \nKent","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020","Francis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088","The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.","Series V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.","Series VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.","Series VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.","Series IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.","Series X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.","Series XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.","Series XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.","Series XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998"],"collection_ssim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.040"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.040"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creator_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection was donated by James Gordon Bell to Special Collections in 2008: \"In memory of my grandfather, Gordon Cloyd Bell, who collected items of historical interest, and my father, David Kent Bell, who treasured them, my wish is that these items be used to preserve our history.\""],"access_subjects_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962\t\t\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978","Series V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841","Series VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936","Series VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981","Series IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941","Series X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866","Series XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998","Series XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEllen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek.","Joseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.","David Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.","Gordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.","David Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.","James Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867.","Sarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.","The four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.","Sarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.","James Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.","Samuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.","Mary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.","Frank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.","Frank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.","Edgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.","Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.","David Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.","Andrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.","Ellen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.","In 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.","Edgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929.","Annie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.","Letitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3149.xml\"\u003eA listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online,\u003c/a\u003e but files of particular interest may include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903\u003c/title\u003e. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/2684\"\u003eThe 2014 update is also available online.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKent\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml\"\u003eBlack, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3537.xml\"\u003e\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4314.xml\"\u003eFrancis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online, but files of particular interest may include:","Bentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's The McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). The 2014 update is also available online. \nKent","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020","Francis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.","Series V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.","Series VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.","Series VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.","Series IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.","Series X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.","Series XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.","Series XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.","Series XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5f70c760aaa388e4b03cbb66aec856e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Withrow family","Kent family","Cloyd family","Bell family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","title_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1780-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1780-1998"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1780/1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998"],"text":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998","Ms.2008.040","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978","Series V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841","Series VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936","Series VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981","Series IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941","Series X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866","Series XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998","Series XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997","Gen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek.","Joseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.","David Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.","Gordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.","David Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.","James Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867.","Sarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.","The four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.","Sarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.","James Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.","Samuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.","Mary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.","Frank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.","Frank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.","Edgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.","Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.","David Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.","Andrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.","Ellen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.","In 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.","Edgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929.","Annie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.","Letitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922.","The guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008.","A listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online, but files of particular interest may include:","Bentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's The McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). The 2014 update is also available online. \nKent","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020","Francis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088","The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.","Series V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.","Series VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.","Series VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.","Series IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.","Series X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.","Series XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.","Series XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.","Series XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998"],"collection_ssim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, 1780/1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.040"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.040"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creator_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection was donated by James Gordon Bell to Special Collections in 2008: \"In memory of my grandfather, Gordon Cloyd Bell, who collected items of historical interest, and my father, David Kent Bell, who treasured them, my wish is that these items be used to preserve our history.\""],"access_subjects_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962\t\t\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978","Series V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841","Series VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936","Series VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981","Series IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941","Series X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866","Series XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998","Series XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEllen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek.","Joseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.","David Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.","Gordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.","David Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.","James Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867.","Sarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.","The four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.","Sarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.","James Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.","Samuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.","Mary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.","Frank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.","Frank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.","Edgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.","Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.","David Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.","Andrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.","Ellen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.","In 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.","Edgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929.","Annie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.","Letitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3149.xml\"\u003eA listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online,\u003c/a\u003e but files of particular interest may include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903\u003c/title\u003e. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/2684\"\u003eThe 2014 update is also available online.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKent\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml\"\u003eBlack, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3537.xml\"\u003e\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4314.xml\"\u003eFrancis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online, but files of particular interest may include:","Bentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's The McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). The 2014 update is also available online. \nKent","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020","Francis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials.","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.","Series V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.","Series VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.","Series VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.","Series IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.","Series X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.","Series XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.","Series XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.","Series XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5f70c760aaa388e4b03cbb66aec856e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Withrow family","Kent family","Cloyd family","Bell family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moss, Betty","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2392.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Moss, Betty L., Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007"],"text":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007","Ms.2008.071","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by architectural project. Projects appear in chronological order from their beginning.","Betty Anne Lipper was born in 1921 in Houston, Texas, to Lawrence Lipper and Betty Silverman. Betty Lipper married Hartwig Moss II and had two children. Moss attended Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, as well as the University of Missouri School of Journalism in Colombia, Missouri, and received a bachelor's in journalism from Tulane in 1942. Moss later returned to Tulane in the 1950s and earned a bachelor's degree in Architecture in 1960. After over forty years, Moss was awarded a master's degree in architecture from Tulane in 2004. Starting her practice in her 40s, Moss continued to work for more than four decades and produced designs for many houses and small office buildings in New Orleans. An outspoken defender of building preservation and conservation, Moss ardently defended against the demolition of the Rivergate (an exhibition center) on Canal Street in New Orleans. The Rivergate was demolished; and, Moss and Abbye A. Gorin wrote a six-minute film about the structure. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Moss composed plans for rebuilding and safety guidelines for disaster prevention. Betty Moss died October 22, 2007.","The guide to the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection commenced in May 2008 and was completed in December 2008.","See the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, which contains the video Gorin and Moss made together, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the drawings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty L. Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana, practicing largely in the second half of the twentieth century. Structures appearing in drawings include: houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence. The locations of most projects center around New Orleans, Louisiana; but, some structures were designed for Texas, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Idaho. These drawings include projects that were constructed, as well as others that may not have been built. Projects range from plans for the design of the Moss residence made in 1950 to proposals drafted after Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005. Architectural designs on illustration board, some tinted, date from Moss's study at Tulane University. Correspondence includes letters to and from clients, professionals, and tradesmen. Interoffice notes and pages from catalogs illustrating fixtures also appear.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings,  business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, Betty","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.071"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.071"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Moss, Betty"],"creator_ssim":["Moss, Betty"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moss, Betty"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Moss, Betty","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["56.5 Cubic Feet 255 boxes, 6 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["56.5 Cubic Feet 255 boxes, 6 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by architectural project. Projects appear in chronological order from their beginning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by architectural project. Projects appear in chronological order from their beginning."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBetty Anne Lipper was born in 1921 in Houston, Texas, to Lawrence Lipper and Betty Silverman. Betty Lipper married Hartwig Moss II and had two children. Moss attended Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, as well as the University of Missouri School of Journalism in Colombia, Missouri, and received a bachelor's in journalism from Tulane in 1942. Moss later returned to Tulane in the 1950s and earned a bachelor's degree in Architecture in 1960. After over forty years, Moss was awarded a master's degree in architecture from Tulane in 2004. Starting her practice in her 40s, Moss continued to work for more than four decades and produced designs for many houses and small office buildings in New Orleans. An outspoken defender of building preservation and conservation, Moss ardently defended against the demolition of the Rivergate (an exhibition center) on Canal Street in New Orleans. The Rivergate was demolished; and, Moss and Abbye A. Gorin wrote a six-minute film about the structure. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Moss composed plans for rebuilding and safety guidelines for disaster prevention. Betty Moss died October 22, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Betty Anne Lipper was born in 1921 in Houston, Texas, to Lawrence Lipper and Betty Silverman. Betty Lipper married Hartwig Moss II and had two children. Moss attended Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, as well as the University of Missouri School of Journalism in Colombia, Missouri, and received a bachelor's in journalism from Tulane in 1942. Moss later returned to Tulane in the 1950s and earned a bachelor's degree in Architecture in 1960. After over forty years, Moss was awarded a master's degree in architecture from Tulane in 2004. Starting her practice in her 40s, Moss continued to work for more than four decades and produced designs for many houses and small office buildings in New Orleans. An outspoken defender of building preservation and conservation, Moss ardently defended against the demolition of the Rivergate (an exhibition center) on Canal Street in New Orleans. The Rivergate was demolished; and, Moss and Abbye A. Gorin wrote a six-minute film about the structure. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Moss composed plans for rebuilding and safety guidelines for disaster prevention. Betty Moss died October 22, 2007."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, Ms2008-071, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, Ms2008-071, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection commenced in May 2008 and was completed in December 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection commenced in May 2008 and was completed in December 2008."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2043.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009\u003c/a\u003e, which contains the video Gorin and Moss made together, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, which contains the video Gorin and Moss made together, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the drawings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty L. Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana, practicing largely in the second half of the twentieth century. Structures appearing in drawings include: houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence. The locations of most projects center around New Orleans, Louisiana; but, some structures were designed for Texas, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Idaho. These drawings include projects that were constructed, as well as others that may not have been built. Projects range from plans for the design of the Moss residence made in 1950 to proposals drafted after Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005. Architectural designs on illustration board, some tinted, date from Moss's study at Tulane University. Correspondence includes letters to and from clients, professionals, and tradesmen. Interoffice notes and pages from catalogs illustrating fixtures also appear.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the drawings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty L. Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana, practicing largely in the second half of the twentieth century. Structures appearing in drawings include: houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence. The locations of most projects center around New Orleans, Louisiana; but, some structures were designed for Texas, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Idaho. These drawings include projects that were constructed, as well as others that may not have been built. Projects range from plans for the design of the Moss residence made in 1950 to proposals drafted after Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005. Architectural designs on illustration board, some tinted, date from Moss's study at Tulane University. Correspondence includes letters to and from clients, professionals, and tradesmen. Interoffice notes and pages from catalogs illustrating fixtures also appear."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7ba71cfa8fa83f56ed4d03610d9d5a5e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings,  business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings,  business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Moss, Betty"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, Betty"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2392.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Moss, Betty L., Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007"],"text":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007","Ms.2008.071","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by architectural project. Projects appear in chronological order from their beginning.","Betty Anne Lipper was born in 1921 in Houston, Texas, to Lawrence Lipper and Betty Silverman. Betty Lipper married Hartwig Moss II and had two children. Moss attended Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, as well as the University of Missouri School of Journalism in Colombia, Missouri, and received a bachelor's in journalism from Tulane in 1942. Moss later returned to Tulane in the 1950s and earned a bachelor's degree in Architecture in 1960. After over forty years, Moss was awarded a master's degree in architecture from Tulane in 2004. Starting her practice in her 40s, Moss continued to work for more than four decades and produced designs for many houses and small office buildings in New Orleans. An outspoken defender of building preservation and conservation, Moss ardently defended against the demolition of the Rivergate (an exhibition center) on Canal Street in New Orleans. The Rivergate was demolished; and, Moss and Abbye A. Gorin wrote a six-minute film about the structure. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Moss composed plans for rebuilding and safety guidelines for disaster prevention. Betty Moss died October 22, 2007.","The guide to the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection commenced in May 2008 and was completed in December 2008.","See the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, which contains the video Gorin and Moss made together, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the drawings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty L. Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana, practicing largely in the second half of the twentieth century. Structures appearing in drawings include: houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence. The locations of most projects center around New Orleans, Louisiana; but, some structures were designed for Texas, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Idaho. These drawings include projects that were constructed, as well as others that may not have been built. Projects range from plans for the design of the Moss residence made in 1950 to proposals drafted after Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005. Architectural designs on illustration board, some tinted, date from Moss's study at Tulane University. Correspondence includes letters to and from clients, professionals, and tradesmen. Interoffice notes and pages from catalogs illustrating fixtures also appear.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings,  business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, Betty","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, 1950/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.071"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.071"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Moss, Betty"],"creator_ssim":["Moss, Betty"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moss, Betty"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Moss, Betty","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["56.5 Cubic Feet 255 boxes, 6 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["56.5 Cubic Feet 255 boxes, 6 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by architectural project. Projects appear in chronological order from their beginning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by architectural project. Projects appear in chronological order from their beginning."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBetty Anne Lipper was born in 1921 in Houston, Texas, to Lawrence Lipper and Betty Silverman. Betty Lipper married Hartwig Moss II and had two children. Moss attended Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, as well as the University of Missouri School of Journalism in Colombia, Missouri, and received a bachelor's in journalism from Tulane in 1942. Moss later returned to Tulane in the 1950s and earned a bachelor's degree in Architecture in 1960. After over forty years, Moss was awarded a master's degree in architecture from Tulane in 2004. Starting her practice in her 40s, Moss continued to work for more than four decades and produced designs for many houses and small office buildings in New Orleans. An outspoken defender of building preservation and conservation, Moss ardently defended against the demolition of the Rivergate (an exhibition center) on Canal Street in New Orleans. The Rivergate was demolished; and, Moss and Abbye A. Gorin wrote a six-minute film about the structure. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Moss composed plans for rebuilding and safety guidelines for disaster prevention. Betty Moss died October 22, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Betty Anne Lipper was born in 1921 in Houston, Texas, to Lawrence Lipper and Betty Silverman. Betty Lipper married Hartwig Moss II and had two children. Moss attended Newcomb College and Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, as well as the University of Missouri School of Journalism in Colombia, Missouri, and received a bachelor's in journalism from Tulane in 1942. Moss later returned to Tulane in the 1950s and earned a bachelor's degree in Architecture in 1960. After over forty years, Moss was awarded a master's degree in architecture from Tulane in 2004. Starting her practice in her 40s, Moss continued to work for more than four decades and produced designs for many houses and small office buildings in New Orleans. An outspoken defender of building preservation and conservation, Moss ardently defended against the demolition of the Rivergate (an exhibition center) on Canal Street in New Orleans. The Rivergate was demolished; and, Moss and Abbye A. Gorin wrote a six-minute film about the structure. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Moss composed plans for rebuilding and safety guidelines for disaster prevention. Betty Moss died October 22, 2007."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, Ms2008-071, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection, Ms2008-071, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection commenced in May 2008 and was completed in December 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection commenced in May 2008 and was completed in December 2008."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2043.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009\u003c/a\u003e, which contains the video Gorin and Moss made together, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, which contains the video Gorin and Moss made together, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the drawings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty L. Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana, practicing largely in the second half of the twentieth century. Structures appearing in drawings include: houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence. The locations of most projects center around New Orleans, Louisiana; but, some structures were designed for Texas, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Idaho. These drawings include projects that were constructed, as well as others that may not have been built. Projects range from plans for the design of the Moss residence made in 1950 to proposals drafted after Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005. Architectural designs on illustration board, some tinted, date from Moss's study at Tulane University. Correspondence includes letters to and from clients, professionals, and tradesmen. Interoffice notes and pages from catalogs illustrating fixtures also appear.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the drawings, business correspondence, and notes of Betty L. Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana, practicing largely in the second half of the twentieth century. Structures appearing in drawings include: houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence. The locations of most projects center around New Orleans, Louisiana; but, some structures were designed for Texas, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Idaho. These drawings include projects that were constructed, as well as others that may not have been built. Projects range from plans for the design of the Moss residence made in 1950 to proposals drafted after Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005. Architectural designs on illustration board, some tinted, date from Moss's study at Tulane University. Correspondence includes letters to and from clients, professionals, and tradesmen. Interoffice notes and pages from catalogs illustrating fixtures also appear."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7ba71cfa8fa83f56ed4d03610d9d5a5e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings,  business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Betty L. Moss Architectural Collection contains the architectural renderings,  business correspondence, and notes of Betty Moss, an architect from New Orleans, Louisiana. Types of structures included in drawings are houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, religious centers, businesses, antique shops, offices, hospitals, and centers for convalescence."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Moss, Betty"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, Betty"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2392"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Willis, Beverly, 1928-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1898.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Willis, Beverly Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"text":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999","Ms.1992.019","San Francisco (Calif.)","Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been arranged into a Project Index. which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the Project Index.  is listed below.  Consult the Project Index.  for location information.","Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the Architectural Research Institute, Inc. (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.","Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.","The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.","The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note: Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.019"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.019"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"geogname_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"places_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"creator_ssm":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"creators_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Willis donated samples of her designs to Virginia Tech in 1992. This gift was followed, in 2000, with a donation of the bulk of the records and designs from her architectural career.  Additional small accessions arrived in 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["100 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["100 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/225\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into a \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Summary of the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  is listed below.  Consult the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  for location information.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into a Project Index. which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the Project Index.  is listed below.  Consult the Project Index.  for location information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProjects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.architect.org\" title=\"Architectural Research Institute, Inc.\"\u003eArchitectural Research Institute, Inc.\u003c/extref\u003e (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.bwaf.org/\" title=\"Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation\"\u003eBeverly Willis Architecture Foundation\u003c/extref\u003e, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Source"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the Architectural Research Institute, Inc. (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA file-level \u003cextref href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/iawa/inventories/Willis/Willis.html\" title=\"inventory\"\u003einventory\u003c/extref\u003e of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A file-level inventory of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProject files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_174a3dc5cc0f306ff98b4fcaecbf2059\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"names_coll_ssim":["Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1898.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Willis, Beverly Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"text":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999","Ms.1992.019","San Francisco (Calif.)","Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been arranged into a Project Index. which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the Project Index.  is listed below.  Consult the Project Index.  for location information.","Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the Architectural Research Institute, Inc. (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.","Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.","The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.","The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note: Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.019"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.019"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"geogname_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"places_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"creator_ssm":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"creators_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Willis donated samples of her designs to Virginia Tech in 1992. This gift was followed, in 2000, with a donation of the bulk of the records and designs from her architectural career.  Additional small accessions arrived in 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["100 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["100 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/225\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into a \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Summary of the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  is listed below.  Consult the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  for location information.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into a Project Index. which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the Project Index.  is listed below.  Consult the Project Index.  for location information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProjects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.architect.org\" title=\"Architectural Research Institute, Inc.\"\u003eArchitectural Research Institute, Inc.\u003c/extref\u003e (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.bwaf.org/\" title=\"Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation\"\u003eBeverly Willis Architecture Foundation\u003c/extref\u003e, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Source"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the Architectural Research Institute, Inc. (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA file-level \u003cextref href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/iawa/inventories/Willis/Willis.html\" title=\"inventory\"\u003einventory\u003c/extref\u003e of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A file-level inventory of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProject files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_174a3dc5cc0f306ff98b4fcaecbf2059\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"names_coll_ssim":["Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2010.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000","(bulk 1994-2000)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1994-2000)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"text":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000","Ms.1995.026","African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)","The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.","Several of the interviews in this collection have been digitized and are available online with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.","The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.","Researchers may also be interested in the Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech, which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011, has been digitized and is available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is available online.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist.","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"collection_ssim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.026"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.026"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in several accruals beginning in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the interviews in this collection have been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026\"\u003edigitized and are available online\u003c/a\u003e with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Several of the interviews in this collection have been digitized and are available online with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may also be interested in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/blackhistoryvt/timeline\"\u003eTimelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,\u003c/a\u003e which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2244.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eVirginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,\u003c/a\u003e has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/190\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/208\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2016-015\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers may also be interested in the Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech, which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011, has been digitized and is available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist.","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_913ce635effda5ab1d00586298ca7caa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":47,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2010.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000","(bulk 1994-2000)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1994-2000)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"text":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000","Ms.1995.026","African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)","The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.","Several of the interviews in this collection have been digitized and are available online with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.","The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.","Researchers may also be interested in the Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech, which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011, has been digitized and is available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is available online.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist.","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"collection_ssim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, 1967/2000, bulk 1994/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.026"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.026"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in several accruals beginning in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the interviews in this collection have been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026\"\u003edigitized and are available online\u003c/a\u003e with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Several of the interviews in this collection have been digitized and are available online with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may also be interested in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/blackhistoryvt/timeline\"\u003eTimelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,\u003c/a\u003e which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2244.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eVirginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,\u003c/a\u003e has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/190\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/208\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2016-015\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers may also be interested in the Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech, which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011, has been digitized and is available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist.","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_913ce635effda5ab1d00586298ca7caa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":47,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Blanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1626.xml","title_filing_ssi":"van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013"],"text":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013","Ms.1988.122","Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Canada","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type in the following order: biographical information and articles by and about van Ginkel, professional project work, and materials about Canadian women architects.","Blanche Lemco van Ginkel was born in 1923. She graduated from McGill University in Canada with a Bachelor of Architecture in 1945 and from Harvard University with a Masters in City Planning in 1950.","She is a retired partner of the architectural firm of Van Ginkel Associates, Architects and Town Planners in Toronto, begun in 1957, as well as a Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. In 1948 she worked with Le Corbusier in Paris before coming to the University of Pennsylvania in 1951-1957. Her work at Van Ginkel Associates includes designs for historic Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland, the Port of Montreal, working as a consultant in Expo'67 Montreal as well as various residential and town planning projects in Canada and abroad.","Van Ginkel is a Fellow in the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (FRAIC), a member of Ontario Association of Architects, a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners, an associate of the Royal institute of British Architects, a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (Hon. FAIA). She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University in Aix-Marseille in 2005. She is also a founding member and has served as an advisor to the International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA).","Van Ginkel died in 2022.","The guide to the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The collection was originally processed in 1995 and was reprocessed in April 1998. The processing, arrangement and description of the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Papers to accommodate more recent additions took place in August 2005 and June 2006. An addition was integrated in 2010.","More information about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel's architectural career is held in the collections of the archives at the Collection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal (CCA). It holds the administrative and project records of the firm Van Ginkel Associates, 1955-1980, AP027 and documents of van Ginkel's professional career.","The University of Toronto also has the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel fonds, UTA 1924","The collection consists of biographical materials about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and material she has written, her professional projects, and collected research about women in architecture. Personal information includes curriculum vitae, newspaper and magazine articles about her, some of her publications about architectural planning and women architects, and selected letters and speaking notes she made during the course of her career. These include speeches to professional organizations in which she is involved and her letter protesting the unequal pensions paid to female professors by the University of Toronto. Professional project information includes project bulletins from her firm. There is also a collection of research notes, papers, and exhibition notices about the history of women in architecture in Canada, some of which were compiled and written by Mary Clark.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Blanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.122"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.122"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"creator_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection was donated to the Special Collections by their creator in 1988 with additions in 1994, 1997, 2002, 2006, and 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Canada","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Canada","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type in the following order: biographical information and articles by and about van Ginkel, professional project work, and materials about Canadian women architects.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type in the following order: biographical information and articles by and about van Ginkel, professional project work, and materials about Canadian women architects."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlanche Lemco van Ginkel was born in 1923. She graduated from McGill University in Canada with a Bachelor of Architecture in 1945 and from Harvard University with a Masters in City Planning in 1950. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe is a retired partner of the architectural firm of Van Ginkel Associates, Architects and Town Planners in Toronto, begun in 1957, as well as a Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. In 1948 she worked with Le Corbusier in Paris before coming to the University of Pennsylvania in 1951-1957. Her work at Van Ginkel Associates includes designs for historic Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland, the Port of Montreal, working as a consultant in Expo'67 Montreal as well as various residential and town planning projects in Canada and abroad. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVan Ginkel is a Fellow in the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (FRAIC), a member of Ontario Association of Architects, a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners, an associate of the Royal institute of British Architects, a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (Hon. FAIA). She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University in Aix-Marseille in 2005. She is also a founding member and has served as an advisor to the International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVan Ginkel died in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel was born in 1923. She graduated from McGill University in Canada with a Bachelor of Architecture in 1945 and from Harvard University with a Masters in City Planning in 1950.","She is a retired partner of the architectural firm of Van Ginkel Associates, Architects and Town Planners in Toronto, begun in 1957, as well as a Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. In 1948 she worked with Le Corbusier in Paris before coming to the University of Pennsylvania in 1951-1957. Her work at Van Ginkel Associates includes designs for historic Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland, the Port of Montreal, working as a consultant in Expo'67 Montreal as well as various residential and town planning projects in Canada and abroad.","Van Ginkel is a Fellow in the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (FRAIC), a member of Ontario Association of Architects, a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners, an associate of the Royal institute of British Architects, a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (Hon. FAIA). She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University in Aix-Marseille in 2005. She is also a founding member and has served as an advisor to the International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA).","Van Ginkel died in 2022."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956-2013, Ms1988-122, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956-2013, Ms1988-122, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was originally processed in 1995 and was reprocessed in April 1998. The processing, arrangement and description of the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Papers to accommodate more recent additions took place in August 2005 and June 2006. An addition was integrated in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was originally processed in 1995 and was reprocessed in April 1998. The processing, arrangement and description of the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Papers to accommodate more recent additions took place in August 2005 and June 2006. An addition was integrated in 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMore information about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel's architectural career is held in the collections of the archives at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cca.qc.ca/en\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Collection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal\"\u003eCollection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal\u003c/a\u003e (CCA). It holds the administrative and project records of the firm \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/archives/379536/van-ginkel-associates-fonds\"\u003eVan Ginkel Associates, 1955-1980, AP027\u003c/a\u003e and documents of \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/archives/193526/blanche-lemco-van-ginkel-fonds\"\u003evan Ginkel's professional career.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe University of Toronto also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://discoverarchives.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/blanche-lemco-van-ginkel-fonds\"\u003eBlanche Lemco van Ginkel fonds, UTA 1924\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["More information about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel's architectural career is held in the collections of the archives at the Collection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal (CCA). It holds the administrative and project records of the firm Van Ginkel Associates, 1955-1980, AP027 and documents of van Ginkel's professional career.","The University of Toronto also has the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel fonds, UTA 1924"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of biographical materials about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and material she has written, her professional projects, and collected research about women in architecture. Personal information includes curriculum vitae, newspaper and magazine articles about her, some of her publications about architectural planning and women architects, and selected letters and speaking notes she made during the course of her career. These include speeches to professional organizations in which she is involved and her letter protesting the unequal pensions paid to female professors by the University of Toronto. Professional project information includes project bulletins from her firm. There is also a collection of research notes, papers, and exhibition notices about the history of women in architecture in Canada, some of which were compiled and written by Mary Clark.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of biographical materials about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and material she has written, her professional projects, and collected research about women in architecture. Personal information includes curriculum vitae, newspaper and magazine articles about her, some of her publications about architectural planning and women architects, and selected letters and speaking notes she made during the course of her career. These include speeches to professional organizations in which she is involved and her letter protesting the unequal pensions paid to female professors by the University of Toronto. Professional project information includes project bulletins from her firm. There is also a collection of research notes, papers, and exhibition notices about the history of women in architecture in Canada, some of which were compiled and written by Mary Clark."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_12587b5c82159076eec00a1161af91e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:47.882Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1626.xml","title_filing_ssi":"van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013"],"text":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013","Ms.1988.122","Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Canada","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type in the following order: biographical information and articles by and about van Ginkel, professional project work, and materials about Canadian women architects.","Blanche Lemco van Ginkel was born in 1923. She graduated from McGill University in Canada with a Bachelor of Architecture in 1945 and from Harvard University with a Masters in City Planning in 1950.","She is a retired partner of the architectural firm of Van Ginkel Associates, Architects and Town Planners in Toronto, begun in 1957, as well as a Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. In 1948 she worked with Le Corbusier in Paris before coming to the University of Pennsylvania in 1951-1957. Her work at Van Ginkel Associates includes designs for historic Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland, the Port of Montreal, working as a consultant in Expo'67 Montreal as well as various residential and town planning projects in Canada and abroad.","Van Ginkel is a Fellow in the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (FRAIC), a member of Ontario Association of Architects, a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners, an associate of the Royal institute of British Architects, a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (Hon. FAIA). She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University in Aix-Marseille in 2005. She is also a founding member and has served as an advisor to the International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA).","Van Ginkel died in 2022.","The guide to the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The collection was originally processed in 1995 and was reprocessed in April 1998. The processing, arrangement and description of the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Papers to accommodate more recent additions took place in August 2005 and June 2006. An addition was integrated in 2010.","More information about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel's architectural career is held in the collections of the archives at the Collection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal (CCA). It holds the administrative and project records of the firm Van Ginkel Associates, 1955-1980, AP027 and documents of van Ginkel's professional career.","The University of Toronto also has the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel fonds, UTA 1924","The collection consists of biographical materials about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and material she has written, her professional projects, and collected research about women in architecture. Personal information includes curriculum vitae, newspaper and magazine articles about her, some of her publications about architectural planning and women architects, and selected letters and speaking notes she made during the course of her career. These include speeches to professional organizations in which she is involved and her letter protesting the unequal pensions paid to female professors by the University of Toronto. Professional project information includes project bulletins from her firm. There is also a collection of research notes, papers, and exhibition notices about the history of women in architecture in Canada, some of which were compiled and written by Mary Clark.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Blanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.122"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.122"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"creator_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection was donated to the Special Collections by their creator in 1988 with additions in 1994, 1997, 2002, 2006, and 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Canada","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Canada","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type in the following order: biographical information and articles by and about van Ginkel, professional project work, and materials about Canadian women architects.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type in the following order: biographical information and articles by and about van Ginkel, professional project work, and materials about Canadian women architects."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlanche Lemco van Ginkel was born in 1923. She graduated from McGill University in Canada with a Bachelor of Architecture in 1945 and from Harvard University with a Masters in City Planning in 1950. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe is a retired partner of the architectural firm of Van Ginkel Associates, Architects and Town Planners in Toronto, begun in 1957, as well as a Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. In 1948 she worked with Le Corbusier in Paris before coming to the University of Pennsylvania in 1951-1957. Her work at Van Ginkel Associates includes designs for historic Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland, the Port of Montreal, working as a consultant in Expo'67 Montreal as well as various residential and town planning projects in Canada and abroad. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVan Ginkel is a Fellow in the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (FRAIC), a member of Ontario Association of Architects, a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners, an associate of the Royal institute of British Architects, a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (Hon. FAIA). She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University in Aix-Marseille in 2005. She is also a founding member and has served as an advisor to the International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVan Ginkel died in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel was born in 1923. She graduated from McGill University in Canada with a Bachelor of Architecture in 1945 and from Harvard University with a Masters in City Planning in 1950.","She is a retired partner of the architectural firm of Van Ginkel Associates, Architects and Town Planners in Toronto, begun in 1957, as well as a Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. In 1948 she worked with Le Corbusier in Paris before coming to the University of Pennsylvania in 1951-1957. Her work at Van Ginkel Associates includes designs for historic Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland, the Port of Montreal, working as a consultant in Expo'67 Montreal as well as various residential and town planning projects in Canada and abroad.","Van Ginkel is a Fellow in the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (FRAIC), a member of Ontario Association of Architects, a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners, an associate of the Royal institute of British Architects, a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (Hon. FAIA). She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University in Aix-Marseille in 2005. She is also a founding member and has served as an advisor to the International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA).","Van Ginkel died in 2022."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956-2013, Ms1988-122, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Architectural Collection, 1956-2013, Ms1988-122, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was originally processed in 1995 and was reprocessed in April 1998. The processing, arrangement and description of the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Papers to accommodate more recent additions took place in August 2005 and June 2006. An addition was integrated in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was originally processed in 1995 and was reprocessed in April 1998. The processing, arrangement and description of the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel Papers to accommodate more recent additions took place in August 2005 and June 2006. An addition was integrated in 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMore information about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel's architectural career is held in the collections of the archives at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cca.qc.ca/en\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Collection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal\"\u003eCollection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal\u003c/a\u003e (CCA). It holds the administrative and project records of the firm \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/archives/379536/van-ginkel-associates-fonds\"\u003eVan Ginkel Associates, 1955-1980, AP027\u003c/a\u003e and documents of \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/archives/193526/blanche-lemco-van-ginkel-fonds\"\u003evan Ginkel's professional career.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe University of Toronto also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://discoverarchives.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/blanche-lemco-van-ginkel-fonds\"\u003eBlanche Lemco van Ginkel fonds, UTA 1924\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["More information about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel's architectural career is held in the collections of the archives at the Collection Centre Canadien d'Architecture-Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal (CCA). It holds the administrative and project records of the firm Van Ginkel Associates, 1955-1980, AP027 and documents of van Ginkel's professional career.","The University of Toronto also has the Blanche Lemco van Ginkel fonds, UTA 1924"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of biographical materials about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and material she has written, her professional projects, and collected research about women in architecture. Personal information includes curriculum vitae, newspaper and magazine articles about her, some of her publications about architectural planning and women architects, and selected letters and speaking notes she made during the course of her career. These include speeches to professional organizations in which she is involved and her letter protesting the unequal pensions paid to female professors by the University of Toronto. Professional project information includes project bulletins from her firm. There is also a collection of research notes, papers, and exhibition notices about the history of women in architecture in Canada, some of which were compiled and written by Mary Clark.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of biographical materials about Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and material she has written, her professional projects, and collected research about women in architecture. Personal information includes curriculum vitae, newspaper and magazine articles about her, some of her publications about architectural planning and women architects, and selected letters and speaking notes she made during the course of her career. These include speeches to professional organizations in which she is involved and her letter protesting the unequal pensions paid to female professors by the University of Toronto. Professional project information includes project bulletins from her firm. There is also a collection of research notes, papers, and exhibition notices about the history of women in architecture in Canada, some of which were compiled and written by Mary Clark."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_12587b5c82159076eec00a1161af91e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Blanche Lemco van Ginkel is a retired architect and Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto. The collection consists biographical information about van Ginkel and her career, some of her publications, professional project information, articles and research materials about the history of women in architecture in Canada."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Van Ginkel, Blanche Lemco, 1923-2022"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:47.882Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1626"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Alonso, Carmen Espegel","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of the papers of Carmen Espegel Alonso, practicing architect in Madrid, Spain, including correspondence, a copy of her thesis, graphic dossiers, and a catalog of her architectural work.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2155.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Espegel Alonso, Carmen, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1985-2004"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1985-2004"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004"],"text":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004","Ms.2001.021","History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women architects -- Spain","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Carmen Espegel Alonso was born on March 27, 1960 in Palencia, Spain. She received her architecture degree with honors from the Madrid School of Architecture in 1985, specializing in town planning. Espegel Alonso then continued her education at the Katholieke Universiteit of Leuven (Belgium). She graduated Magna Cum Laude in 1995 with a Master's in Conservation of Historic Towns and Buildings. Espegel Alonso completed her doctoral work at the Madrid School of Architecture.","Since 1991, Espegel Alonso has been an Associate Professor of Projects at the Higher Technical School of Architecture of Madrid. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of the papers of Carmen Espegel Alonso, practicing architect in Madrid, Spain, including correspondence, a copy of her thesis, graphic dossiers, and a catalog of her architectural work.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Alonso, Carmen Espegel","The materials in the collection are in Spanish and English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004"],"collection_ssim":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.021"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.021"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"creator_ssim":["Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Alonso, Carmen Espegel","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4b8efbe3489604a4d0043082a17a9e91\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the papers of Carmen Espegel Alonso, practicing architect in Madrid, Spain, including correspondence, a copy of her thesis, graphic dossiers, and a catalog of her architectural work.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the papers of Carmen Espegel Alonso, practicing architect in Madrid, Spain, including correspondence, a copy of her thesis, graphic dossiers, and a catalog of her architectural work."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in Spanish and English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:31.807Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2155.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Espegel Alonso, Carmen, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1985-2004"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1985-2004"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004"],"text":["Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection, 1985/2004","Ms.2001.021","History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women architects -- Spain","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Carmen Espegel Alonso was born on March 27, 1960 in Palencia, Spain. 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An addition of architectural drawings was incorporated in 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection consists of correspondence with other architects; a copy of Espegel Alonso's thesis for her Master's Degree in Conservation; 17 architectural drwaings from a capstone project; graphic dossiers, including curriculum vitaes, of her work with her firms, VZK Architects and Espegel-Fisac Arquitectos; and a catalog from an exhibition of her architectural work.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carmen Espegel Alonso Architectural Collection consists of correspondence with other architects; a copy of Espegel Alonso's thesis for her Master's Degree in Conservation; 17 architectural drwaings from a capstone project; graphic dossiers, including curriculum vitaes, of her work with her firms, VZK Architects and Espegel-Fisac Arquitectos; and a catalog from an exhibition of her architectural work."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Premios COAM 2003 \u003c/title\u003e, Madrid: Fundacion COAM, 2003 (call no.  NA2350.S7 .P738 2003)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWomen architects in the modern movement\u003c/title\u003e by  Carmen Espegel Alonso and translated by Angela Giral, New York, NY : Routledge, 2018 (call no.: NA958.5.M63 E8713 2018)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle renderender=\"italic\"\u003eHeroínas del espacio : [mujeres arquitectos en el Movimiento Moderno]\u003c/title\u003e (in English: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHeroines of Space: [Women Architects in the Modern Movement]\u003c/title\u003e) by Carmen Espegel Alonso,  Buenos Aires : Madrid : Nobuko ; Atlántida, [2007] (call no.:  NA958.5.M63 E87 2007)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","Premios COAM 2003 , Madrid: Fundacion COAM, 2003 (call no.  NA2350.S7 .P738 2003)","Women architects in the modern movement by  Carmen Espegel Alonso and translated by Angela Giral, New York, NY : Routledge, 2018 (call no.: NA958.5.M63 E8713 2018)","Heroínas del espacio : [mujeres arquitectos en el Movimiento Moderno] (in English: Heroines of Space: [Women Architects in the Modern Movement]) by Carmen Espegel Alonso,  Buenos Aires : Madrid : Nobuko ; Atlántida, [2007] (call no.:  NA958.5.M63 E87 2007)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4b8efbe3489604a4d0043082a17a9e91\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the papers of Carmen Espegel Alonso, practicing architect in Madrid, Spain, including correspondence, a copy of her thesis, graphic dossiers, and a catalog of her architectural work.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the papers of Carmen Espegel Alonso, practicing architect in Madrid, Spain, including correspondence, a copy of her thesis, graphic dossiers, and a catalog of her architectural work."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Alonso, Carmen Espegel"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in Spanish and English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:31.807Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2155"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1777.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sibold, Carrie T., Family Papers","title_ssm":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1912-1990","(bulk 1974-1990)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1990"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1974-1990)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"text":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990","Ms.1990.043","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into four series:\n\nSeries I: Notebooks - arranged by primary type of content\n\nSubseries A: Journals/Organizers - Sibold's personal journals and planners arranged chronologically\n\nSubseries B: Clippings - notebooks of newspaper clippings on TV, movies, local and national news, and science/nature - arranged chronologically\nSubseries C: Scrapbooks - notebooks used as scrapbooks, featuring newspaper clippings, church materials, and items of interest collected by Sibold - arranged chronologically\n\n\nSeries II: Family Diplomas - arranged chronologically\nSeries III: Papers - arranged by material type\nSeries IV: Photograph Albums - arranged by material type","Carrie T. Sibold (1904-1990) was one of the first women graduates at Virginia Tech, earning a B.S. in Biology in 1925. She formed part of the first class of women who enrolled as freshmen in 1921. Sibold worked for the Virginia Tech Alumni Office until her retirement in 1966. Afterward, she remained an active member of V.P.I.'s \"Old Guard\" and assisted in the arrangement of class reunions. Sibold was also known locally for her extensive doll collection.","The guide to the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers was completed in March 2014.","See also the Mattie Lamb Tucker Papers, Ms1984-176, and the Blacksburg Oral History Project Records, Ms1985-005, which includes an oral history interview with Carrie Sibold.","The Carrie T. Sibold Papers consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie. T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","The journals and other scrapbooks contain a record of Carrie Sibold's daily activities, as well as newspaper clippings. Many of these clippings concern local events and history, local church activities, Blacksburg high school and college sports teams, television shows Carrie Sibold watched or intended to watch, soap opera summaries, and celebrity news. These journals document Carrie Sibold's life after her retirement.","Dating from 1912 to 1926, the diplomas include grammar school and high school diplomas for members of Carrie Sibold's family, as well as her bachelor's degree from VPI. The papers series contains various documents and papers related to the VPI alumni organization and reunion arrangements, as well as the diary of Nannie V. Sibold, which she kept from 1935 to 1939. The collection also includes eight photograph albums, most of which do not provide identification for the individuals pictured.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.043"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.043"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990"],"creator_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990 and in October 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.8 Cubic Feet 12 boxes and 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["14.8 Cubic Feet 12 boxes and 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Notebooks - arranged by primary type of content\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries A: Journals/Organizers - Sibold's personal journals and planners arranged chronologically\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries B: Clippings - notebooks of newspaper clippings on TV, movies, local and national news, and science/nature - arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries C: Scrapbooks - notebooks used as scrapbooks, featuring newspaper clippings, church materials, and items of interest collected by Sibold - arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Family Diplomas - arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Papers - arranged by material type\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Photograph Albums - arranged by material type\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into four series:\n\nSeries I: Notebooks - arranged by primary type of content\n\nSubseries A: Journals/Organizers - Sibold's personal journals and planners arranged chronologically\n\nSubseries B: Clippings - notebooks of newspaper clippings on TV, movies, local and national news, and science/nature - arranged chronologically\nSubseries C: Scrapbooks - notebooks used as scrapbooks, featuring newspaper clippings, church materials, and items of interest collected by Sibold - arranged chronologically\n\n\nSeries II: Family Diplomas - arranged chronologically\nSeries III: Papers - arranged by material type\nSeries IV: Photograph Albums - arranged by material type"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarrie T. Sibold (1904-1990) was one of the first women graduates at Virginia Tech, earning a B.S. in Biology in 1925. She formed part of the first class of women who enrolled as freshmen in 1921. Sibold worked for the Virginia Tech Alumni Office until her retirement in 1966. Afterward, she remained an active member of V.P.I.'s \"Old Guard\" and assisted in the arrangement of class reunions. Sibold was also known locally for her extensive doll collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carrie T. Sibold (1904-1990) was one of the first women graduates at Virginia Tech, earning a B.S. in Biology in 1925. She formed part of the first class of women who enrolled as freshmen in 1921. Sibold worked for the Virginia Tech Alumni Office until her retirement in 1966. Afterward, she remained an active member of V.P.I.'s \"Old Guard\" and assisted in the arrangement of class reunions. Sibold was also known locally for her extensive doll collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, Ms1990-043, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, Ms1990-043, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers was completed in March 2014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers was completed in March 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1399.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eMattie Lamb Tucker Papers, Ms1984-176\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1410.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eBlacksburg Oral History Project Records, Ms1985-005\u003c/a\u003e, which includes an oral history interview with Carrie Sibold.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the Mattie Lamb Tucker Papers, Ms1984-176, and the Blacksburg Oral History Project Records, Ms1985-005, which includes an oral history interview with Carrie Sibold."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carrie T. Sibold Papers consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie. T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journals and other scrapbooks contain a record of Carrie Sibold's daily activities, as well as newspaper clippings. Many of these clippings concern local events and history, local church activities, Blacksburg high school and college sports teams, television shows Carrie Sibold watched or intended to watch, soap opera summaries, and celebrity news. These journals document Carrie Sibold's life after her retirement.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating from 1912 to 1926, the diplomas include grammar school and high school diplomas for members of Carrie Sibold's family, as well as her bachelor's degree from VPI. The papers series contains various documents and papers related to the VPI alumni organization and reunion arrangements, as well as the diary of Nannie V. Sibold, which she kept from 1935 to 1939. The collection also includes eight photograph albums, most of which do not provide identification for the individuals pictured.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carrie T. Sibold Papers consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie. T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","The journals and other scrapbooks contain a record of Carrie Sibold's daily activities, as well as newspaper clippings. Many of these clippings concern local events and history, local church activities, Blacksburg high school and college sports teams, television shows Carrie Sibold watched or intended to watch, soap opera summaries, and celebrity news. These journals document Carrie Sibold's life after her retirement.","Dating from 1912 to 1926, the diplomas include grammar school and high school diplomas for members of Carrie Sibold's family, as well as her bachelor's degree from VPI. The papers series contains various documents and papers related to the VPI alumni organization and reunion arrangements, as well as the diary of Nannie V. Sibold, which she kept from 1935 to 1939. The collection also includes eight photograph albums, most of which do not provide identification for the individuals pictured."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_de3982dbda58c3db283075f8a9446973\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"persname_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":170,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:00.355Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1777.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sibold, Carrie T., Family Papers","title_ssm":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1912-1990","(bulk 1974-1990)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1990"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1974-1990)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"text":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990","Ms.1990.043","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into four series:\n\nSeries I: Notebooks - arranged by primary type of content\n\nSubseries A: Journals/Organizers - Sibold's personal journals and planners arranged chronologically\n\nSubseries B: Clippings - notebooks of newspaper clippings on TV, movies, local and national news, and science/nature - arranged chronologically\nSubseries C: Scrapbooks - notebooks used as scrapbooks, featuring newspaper clippings, church materials, and items of interest collected by Sibold - arranged chronologically\n\n\nSeries II: Family Diplomas - arranged chronologically\nSeries III: Papers - arranged by material type\nSeries IV: Photograph Albums - arranged by material type","Carrie T. Sibold (1904-1990) was one of the first women graduates at Virginia Tech, earning a B.S. in Biology in 1925. She formed part of the first class of women who enrolled as freshmen in 1921. Sibold worked for the Virginia Tech Alumni Office until her retirement in 1966. Afterward, she remained an active member of V.P.I.'s \"Old Guard\" and assisted in the arrangement of class reunions. Sibold was also known locally for her extensive doll collection.","The guide to the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers was completed in March 2014.","See also the Mattie Lamb Tucker Papers, Ms1984-176, and the Blacksburg Oral History Project Records, Ms1985-005, which includes an oral history interview with Carrie Sibold.","The Carrie T. Sibold Papers consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie. T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","The journals and other scrapbooks contain a record of Carrie Sibold's daily activities, as well as newspaper clippings. Many of these clippings concern local events and history, local church activities, Blacksburg high school and college sports teams, television shows Carrie Sibold watched or intended to watch, soap opera summaries, and celebrity news. These journals document Carrie Sibold's life after her retirement.","Dating from 1912 to 1926, the diplomas include grammar school and high school diplomas for members of Carrie Sibold's family, as well as her bachelor's degree from VPI. The papers series contains various documents and papers related to the VPI alumni organization and reunion arrangements, as well as the diary of Nannie V. Sibold, which she kept from 1935 to 1939. The collection also includes eight photograph albums, most of which do not provide identification for the individuals pictured.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, 1912/1990, bulk 1974/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.043"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.043"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990"],"creator_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990 and in October 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.8 Cubic Feet 12 boxes and 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["14.8 Cubic Feet 12 boxes and 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I: Notebooks - arranged by primary type of content\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries A: Journals/Organizers - Sibold's personal journals and planners arranged chronologically\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries B: Clippings - notebooks of newspaper clippings on TV, movies, local and national news, and science/nature - arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries C: Scrapbooks - notebooks used as scrapbooks, featuring newspaper clippings, church materials, and items of interest collected by Sibold - arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II: Family Diplomas - arranged chronologically\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III: Papers - arranged by material type\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Photograph Albums - arranged by material type\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into four series:\n\nSeries I: Notebooks - arranged by primary type of content\n\nSubseries A: Journals/Organizers - Sibold's personal journals and planners arranged chronologically\n\nSubseries B: Clippings - notebooks of newspaper clippings on TV, movies, local and national news, and science/nature - arranged chronologically\nSubseries C: Scrapbooks - notebooks used as scrapbooks, featuring newspaper clippings, church materials, and items of interest collected by Sibold - arranged chronologically\n\n\nSeries II: Family Diplomas - arranged chronologically\nSeries III: Papers - arranged by material type\nSeries IV: Photograph Albums - arranged by material type"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarrie T. Sibold (1904-1990) was one of the first women graduates at Virginia Tech, earning a B.S. in Biology in 1925. She formed part of the first class of women who enrolled as freshmen in 1921. Sibold worked for the Virginia Tech Alumni Office until her retirement in 1966. Afterward, she remained an active member of V.P.I.'s \"Old Guard\" and assisted in the arrangement of class reunions. Sibold was also known locally for her extensive doll collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carrie T. Sibold (1904-1990) was one of the first women graduates at Virginia Tech, earning a B.S. in Biology in 1925. She formed part of the first class of women who enrolled as freshmen in 1921. Sibold worked for the Virginia Tech Alumni Office until her retirement in 1966. Afterward, she remained an active member of V.P.I.'s \"Old Guard\" and assisted in the arrangement of class reunions. Sibold was also known locally for her extensive doll collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, Ms1990-043, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers, Ms1990-043, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers was completed in March 2014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carrie T. Sibold Family Papers was completed in March 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1399.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eMattie Lamb Tucker Papers, Ms1984-176\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1410.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eBlacksburg Oral History Project Records, Ms1985-005\u003c/a\u003e, which includes an oral history interview with Carrie Sibold.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the Mattie Lamb Tucker Papers, Ms1984-176, and the Blacksburg Oral History Project Records, Ms1985-005, which includes an oral history interview with Carrie Sibold."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carrie T. Sibold Papers consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie. T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journals and other scrapbooks contain a record of Carrie Sibold's daily activities, as well as newspaper clippings. Many of these clippings concern local events and history, local church activities, Blacksburg high school and college sports teams, television shows Carrie Sibold watched or intended to watch, soap opera summaries, and celebrity news. These journals document Carrie Sibold's life after her retirement.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating from 1912 to 1926, the diplomas include grammar school and high school diplomas for members of Carrie Sibold's family, as well as her bachelor's degree from VPI. The papers series contains various documents and papers related to the VPI alumni organization and reunion arrangements, as well as the diary of Nannie V. Sibold, which she kept from 1935 to 1939. The collection also includes eight photograph albums, most of which do not provide identification for the individuals pictured.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carrie T. Sibold Papers consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie. T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.","The journals and other scrapbooks contain a record of Carrie Sibold's daily activities, as well as newspaper clippings. Many of these clippings concern local events and history, local church activities, Blacksburg high school and college sports teams, television shows Carrie Sibold watched or intended to watch, soap opera summaries, and celebrity news. These journals document Carrie Sibold's life after her retirement.","Dating from 1912 to 1926, the diplomas include grammar school and high school diplomas for members of Carrie Sibold's family, as well as her bachelor's degree from VPI. The papers series contains various documents and papers related to the VPI alumni organization and reunion arrangements, as well as the diary of Nannie V. Sibold, which she kept from 1935 to 1939. The collection also includes eight photograph albums, most of which do not provide identification for the individuals pictured."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_de3982dbda58c3db283075f8a9446973\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of scrapbooks, journals, V.P.I. reunion materials, photograph albums, family diplomas, and the diary of Nannie V. Sibold. As a whole, the collection dates from 1912 to 1990. However, Carrie T. Sibold's scrapbook journals, which run from 1974 to 1990, constitute the the bulk of the collection material."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"persname_ssim":["Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sibold, Nannie V. (Nannie Virginia), 1897-1957","Sibold, Carrie T. (Carrie Taylor), 1904-1990","Sibold, Chloe M., 1899-1976","Sibold, Thomas W. (Thomas William), 1909-1930"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":170,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:00.355Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1777"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2509.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carter/Cash Family Collection","title_ssm":["Carter/Cash Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carter/Cash Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1940-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c.1940-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009"],"text":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009","Ms.2009.090","Country musicians -- United States","Country musicians -- United States -- Biography","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","Country musicians","Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in three series: Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, Series II: Memorabilia, and Series III: Newspaper and Magazine Articles.","Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, 1980-2005, n.d. This series includes two memoirs written by Janette Carter (1983, 2005). The earliest of these two memoirs is autographed by Janette and Joe Carter, and the more recent memoir is autographed by Janette Carter, Flo (A.P. and Sara's first grandchild, the daughter of Gladys) and Johnny Wolfe (Flo's husband), and Dale (Janette's son) and Teresa Jett (Dale's wife). This series also contains a memoir written about A.P. Carter by Gladys Millard (n.d.), as well as a collection of Carter Family sheet music with a biography written by Johnny Cash (1980). This series is arranged chronologically.","Series II: Memorabilia, 1941-2008, n.d. This series is comprised primarily of items relating to the Carter family's music, programs of events involving the family, and photographs. The series has been divided into the following five subseries:","Subseries A: Discographies, n.d. This subseries includes two discographies of the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle, one of which includes performances with Chet Atkins. It is likely that these discographies were meant to accompany audio recordings of the listed songs. This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries B: Music, 1944-1999, n.d. This subseries includes two books of sheet music (1944, n.d.) and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas (1999). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries C: Programs, 2000-2008, n.d. This subseries includes programs from the 26th, 28th, 29th, 30th, and 34th Annual Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, 2008), as well as the Carter Fold performance schedule for May and June of 2003. This sub-series also contains programs from the dedication ceremony for the A.P. Carter Cabin (2004) and the Janette Carter Memorial Gospel Concert (2008). In addition to event programs, this Sub-series also includes funeral programs for June Carter Cash (2003), Johnny Cash (2003), Joe D. Carter (2005), and Janette Carter (2006). This subseries is arranged chronologically within each event type.","Subseries D: Photographs, 2002, n.d. This subseries contains an undated photograph of the original Carter Family, a small portrait of Maybelle (n.d.), and two photographs taken at the Carter Fold, including one of Johnny Cash and one of June Carter Cash (2002). This subseries is arranged chronologically, with the undated material first.","Subseries E: Miscellaneous, c.1940-2004, n.d. This subseries includes Sara Carter's Musicians' Protective Association Card (c.1940), Maybelle Carter's hunting and fishing license (1975), and a scrapbook page dated May 29, 2004, that features a magazine clipping of the original Carter Family that is signed by Carlene Carter (June's daughter), Connie Smith, and John Carter Cash (Johnny and June's son). In addition, this sub-series also includes A.P.'s \"Bible Questions and Answers\" booklet (n.d.), Maybelle's Holiday Inn \"Inner Circle\" card (n.d.), a Carter Fold volunteer badge (n.d.), and a collectible seat cushion from the Carter Fold (n.d.). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Series III. Newspaper and Magazine Articles, 1991-2009. This series includes eight newspaper articles from the Kingsport, Tennessee, Times News, as well as three GoTricities special publications from the Times News. The series also includes two newspaper articles from the Bristol Herald Courier and one special supplemental publication from the Scott County, Virginia, Star. Although most of these articles discuss the public response to the death of Joe D. Carter, Janette Carter, June Carter Cash, and Johnny Cash, some discuss the impact of the Carter Family in their respective communities, as well as the country music genre. This series also contains an issue of Life that celebrates the life of A.P. Carter and an issue of People that pays tribute to Johnny Cash. This series is arranged chronologically.","In the early 1900s, \"hillbilly\" music was being recorded in studios in northern states. The distance from the mountains of Tennessee and Virginia made it difficult for musicians to record their music. Ralph Peer–a producer for Victor Talking Machine Company in Bristol, Tennessee–decided to take advantage of this booming genre of music by establishing a recording studio on the second floor of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company on State Street in Bristol. In 1927, Peer recorded several songs with musicians that, to this day, are still regarded as the mothers and fathers of country music. Ralph Peer is also credited with discovering Jimmie Rodgers–one of country music's legends–at the Bristol Sessions.","In response to Peer's call for musicians, Alvin Pleasant \"A.P.\" Delaney Carter, his wife, Sara Doughtery Carter, and his sister-in-law, Maybelle Kilgore Addington Carter traveled to Bristol to record their music. The Carter Family recorded six songs and soon became known as the \"first family\" of country music. The Carter Family continued to grow in size and musical talent. Maybelle Carter and her husband Ezra (A.P's brother) were the parents of June (1929-2003), Helen (1927-1998), and Anita (1933-1999), who later performed as the Carter Sisters. Although Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was, arguably, one of the most influential country music artists of all time, his music broke the boundaries of traditional country music, spilling over into other genres including blues, gospel, and rock and roll. Since his marriage to June Carter in 1968, he has been considered a member of the Carter family musicians.","For additional information on the Carter and Cash families, see the following:","Birthplace of Country Music website","Streissguth, Micheal. Johnny Cash: The Biography. Cambridge, MA: Da Cape Press, 2006. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 420 .C265 S66 2006","Zwonitzer, Mark. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 421 .C33 Z86 2002","The guide to the Carter/Cash Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the initial Carter/Cash Family Collection materials commenced and was completed in June 2009. The processing, arrangement, and description of accruals was completed in August 2009.","The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs written by Janette Carter and Gladys Millard (daughters of A.P. and Sara), biographies, discographies, sheet music, and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas  (1999). In addition to this material, the collection includes programs from the Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, and 2008), funeral services for second generation Carter musicians and Johnny Cash, and special events at the Carter Family Fold. The Carter/Cash Family Collection also contains photographs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia, such as Maybelle's hunting and fishing license (1975) and a Carter Fold volunteer badge.","The following books have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Cash, June Carter. Among My Klediments. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1979. Spec Large ML420.C2653 A3 c.2","Wolfe, Charles K., June Carter Cash, Johnny Cash, A. P. Carter, Sara Carter, Maybelle Carter, and Jimmie Rodgers. The Carter Family: In the Shadow of Clinch Mountain. [Hambergen, Germany]: Bear Family Records, 2000. Spec Large ML394.C3 W65 2000","Zwonitzer, Mark and Charles Hirshberg. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Spec Large ML421.C33 Z86 2002 c.2","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)","Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.090"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.090"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Carter Family (Musical group)"],"creators_ssim":["Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The initial materials for the Carter/Cash Family Collection were purchased by Special Collections in June 2009. Additional materials were purchased by Special Collections in two further accruals during July and August 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Country musicians -- United States","Country musicians -- United States -- Biography","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","Country musicians","Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Country musicians -- United States","Country musicians -- United States -- Biography","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","Country musicians","Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series: Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, Series II: Memorabilia, and Series III: Newspaper and Magazine Articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Memoirs and Biographies, 1980-2005, n.d. This series includes two memoirs written by Janette Carter (1983, 2005). The earliest of these two memoirs is autographed by Janette and Joe Carter, and the more recent memoir is autographed by Janette Carter, Flo (A.P. and Sara's first grandchild, the daughter of Gladys) and Johnny Wolfe (Flo's husband), and Dale (Janette's son) and Teresa Jett (Dale's wife). This series also contains a memoir written about A.P. Carter by Gladys Millard (n.d.), as well as a collection of Carter Family sheet music with a biography written by Johnny Cash (1980). This series is arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Memorabilia, 1941-2008, n.d. This series is comprised primarily of items relating to the Carter family's music, programs of events involving the family, and photographs. The series has been divided into the following five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Discographies, n.d. This subseries includes two discographies of the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle, one of which includes performances with Chet Atkins. It is likely that these discographies were meant to accompany audio recordings of the listed songs. This subseries is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Music, 1944-1999, n.d. This subseries includes two books of sheet music (1944, n.d.) and a compact disc recording titled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Original Carter Family in Texas\u003c/title\u003e (1999). This subseries is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Programs, 2000-2008, n.d. This subseries includes programs from the 26\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, 28\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, 29\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, 30\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, and 34\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Annual Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, 2008), as well as the Carter Fold performance schedule for May and June of 2003. This sub-series also contains programs from the dedication ceremony for the A.P. Carter Cabin (2004) and the Janette Carter Memorial Gospel Concert (2008). In addition to event programs, this Sub-series also includes funeral programs for June Carter Cash (2003), Johnny Cash (2003), Joe D. Carter (2005), and Janette Carter (2006). This subseries is arranged chronologically within each event type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Photographs, 2002, n.d. This subseries contains an undated photograph of the original Carter Family, a small portrait of Maybelle (n.d.), and two photographs taken at the Carter Fold, including one of Johnny Cash and one of June Carter Cash (2002). This subseries is arranged chronologically, with the undated material first.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Miscellaneous, c.1940-2004, n.d. This subseries includes Sara Carter's Musicians' Protective Association Card (c.1940), Maybelle Carter's hunting and fishing license (1975), and a scrapbook page dated May 29, 2004, that features a magazine clipping of the original Carter Family that is signed by Carlene Carter (June's daughter), Connie Smith, and John Carter Cash (Johnny and June's son). In addition, this sub-series also includes A.P.'s \"Bible Questions and Answers\" booklet (n.d.), Maybelle's Holiday Inn \"Inner Circle\" card (n.d.), a Carter Fold volunteer badge (n.d.), and a collectible seat cushion from the Carter Fold (n.d.). This subseries is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Newspaper and Magazine Articles, 1991-2009. This series includes eight newspaper articles from the Kingsport, Tennessee, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTimes News\u003c/title\u003e, as well as three \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGoTricities\u003c/title\u003e special publications from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTimes News\u003c/title\u003e. The series also includes two newspaper articles from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBristol Herald Courier\u003c/title\u003e and one special supplemental publication from the Scott County, Virginia, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStar\u003c/title\u003e. Although most of these articles discuss the public response to the death of Joe D. Carter, Janette Carter, June Carter Cash, and Johnny Cash, some discuss the impact of the Carter Family in their respective communities, as well as the country music genre. This series also contains an issue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLife\u003c/title\u003e that celebrates the life of A.P. Carter and an issue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePeople\u003c/title\u003e that pays tribute to Johnny Cash. This series is arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series: Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, Series II: Memorabilia, and Series III: Newspaper and Magazine Articles.","Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, 1980-2005, n.d. This series includes two memoirs written by Janette Carter (1983, 2005). The earliest of these two memoirs is autographed by Janette and Joe Carter, and the more recent memoir is autographed by Janette Carter, Flo (A.P. and Sara's first grandchild, the daughter of Gladys) and Johnny Wolfe (Flo's husband), and Dale (Janette's son) and Teresa Jett (Dale's wife). This series also contains a memoir written about A.P. Carter by Gladys Millard (n.d.), as well as a collection of Carter Family sheet music with a biography written by Johnny Cash (1980). This series is arranged chronologically.","Series II: Memorabilia, 1941-2008, n.d. This series is comprised primarily of items relating to the Carter family's music, programs of events involving the family, and photographs. The series has been divided into the following five subseries:","Subseries A: Discographies, n.d. This subseries includes two discographies of the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle, one of which includes performances with Chet Atkins. It is likely that these discographies were meant to accompany audio recordings of the listed songs. This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries B: Music, 1944-1999, n.d. This subseries includes two books of sheet music (1944, n.d.) and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas (1999). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries C: Programs, 2000-2008, n.d. This subseries includes programs from the 26th, 28th, 29th, 30th, and 34th Annual Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, 2008), as well as the Carter Fold performance schedule for May and June of 2003. This sub-series also contains programs from the dedication ceremony for the A.P. Carter Cabin (2004) and the Janette Carter Memorial Gospel Concert (2008). In addition to event programs, this Sub-series also includes funeral programs for June Carter Cash (2003), Johnny Cash (2003), Joe D. Carter (2005), and Janette Carter (2006). This subseries is arranged chronologically within each event type.","Subseries D: Photographs, 2002, n.d. This subseries contains an undated photograph of the original Carter Family, a small portrait of Maybelle (n.d.), and two photographs taken at the Carter Fold, including one of Johnny Cash and one of June Carter Cash (2002). This subseries is arranged chronologically, with the undated material first.","Subseries E: Miscellaneous, c.1940-2004, n.d. This subseries includes Sara Carter's Musicians' Protective Association Card (c.1940), Maybelle Carter's hunting and fishing license (1975), and a scrapbook page dated May 29, 2004, that features a magazine clipping of the original Carter Family that is signed by Carlene Carter (June's daughter), Connie Smith, and John Carter Cash (Johnny and June's son). In addition, this sub-series also includes A.P.'s \"Bible Questions and Answers\" booklet (n.d.), Maybelle's Holiday Inn \"Inner Circle\" card (n.d.), a Carter Fold volunteer badge (n.d.), and a collectible seat cushion from the Carter Fold (n.d.). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Series III. Newspaper and Magazine Articles, 1991-2009. This series includes eight newspaper articles from the Kingsport, Tennessee, Times News, as well as three GoTricities special publications from the Times News. The series also includes two newspaper articles from the Bristol Herald Courier and one special supplemental publication from the Scott County, Virginia, Star. Although most of these articles discuss the public response to the death of Joe D. Carter, Janette Carter, June Carter Cash, and Johnny Cash, some discuss the impact of the Carter Family in their respective communities, as well as the country music genre. This series also contains an issue of Life that celebrates the life of A.P. Carter and an issue of People that pays tribute to Johnny Cash. This series is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1900s, \"hillbilly\" music was being recorded in studios in northern states. The distance from the mountains of Tennessee and Virginia made it difficult for musicians to record their music. Ralph Peer–a producer for Victor Talking Machine Company in Bristol, Tennessee–decided to take advantage of this booming genre of music by establishing a recording studio on the second floor of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company on State Street in Bristol. In 1927, Peer recorded several songs with musicians that, to this day, are still regarded as the mothers and fathers of country music. Ralph Peer is also credited with discovering Jimmie Rodgers–one of country music's legends–at the Bristol Sessions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn response to Peer's call for musicians, Alvin Pleasant \"A.P.\" Delaney Carter, his wife, Sara Doughtery Carter, and his sister-in-law, Maybelle Kilgore Addington Carter traveled to Bristol to record their music. The Carter Family recorded six songs and soon became known as the \"first family\" of country music. The Carter Family continued to grow in size and musical talent. Maybelle Carter and her husband Ezra (A.P's brother) were the parents of June (1929-2003), Helen (1927-1998), and Anita (1933-1999), who later performed as the Carter Sisters. Although Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was, arguably, one of the most influential country music artists of all time, his music broke the boundaries of traditional country music, spilling over into other genres including blues, gospel, and rock and roll. Since his marriage to June Carter in 1968, he has been considered a member of the Carter family musicians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor additional information on the Carter and Cash families, see the following: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.birthplaceofcountrymusic.org\" title=\"website\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBirthplace of Country Music website\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eStreissguth, Micheal\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJohnny Cash: The Biography\u003c/title\u003e. Cambridge, MA: Da Cape Press, 2006.\u003c/bibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e Newman Library 3\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003erd\u003c/emph\u003e Floor ML 420 .C265 S66 2006\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eZwonitzer, Mark\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music.\u003c/title\u003e New York: Simon \u0026amp; Schuster, c2002.\u003c/bibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e Newman Library 3\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003erd\u003c/emph\u003e Floor ML 421 .C33 Z86 2002\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the early 1900s, \"hillbilly\" music was being recorded in studios in northern states. The distance from the mountains of Tennessee and Virginia made it difficult for musicians to record their music. Ralph Peer–a producer for Victor Talking Machine Company in Bristol, Tennessee–decided to take advantage of this booming genre of music by establishing a recording studio on the second floor of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company on State Street in Bristol. In 1927, Peer recorded several songs with musicians that, to this day, are still regarded as the mothers and fathers of country music. Ralph Peer is also credited with discovering Jimmie Rodgers–one of country music's legends–at the Bristol Sessions.","In response to Peer's call for musicians, Alvin Pleasant \"A.P.\" Delaney Carter, his wife, Sara Doughtery Carter, and his sister-in-law, Maybelle Kilgore Addington Carter traveled to Bristol to record their music. The Carter Family recorded six songs and soon became known as the \"first family\" of country music. The Carter Family continued to grow in size and musical talent. Maybelle Carter and her husband Ezra (A.P's brother) were the parents of June (1929-2003), Helen (1927-1998), and Anita (1933-1999), who later performed as the Carter Sisters. Although Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was, arguably, one of the most influential country music artists of all time, his music broke the boundaries of traditional country music, spilling over into other genres including blues, gospel, and rock and roll. Since his marriage to June Carter in 1968, he has been considered a member of the Carter family musicians.","For additional information on the Carter and Cash families, see the following:","Birthplace of Country Music website","Streissguth, Micheal. Johnny Cash: The Biography. Cambridge, MA: Da Cape Press, 2006. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 420 .C265 S66 2006","Zwonitzer, Mark. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 421 .C33 Z86 2002"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carter/Cash Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carter/Cash Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carter/Cash Family Collection, Ms2009-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carter/Cash Family Collection, Ms2009-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the initial Carter/Cash Family Collection materials commenced and was completed in June 2009. The processing, arrangement, and description of accruals was completed in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the initial Carter/Cash Family Collection materials commenced and was completed in June 2009. The processing, arrangement, and description of accruals was completed in August 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs written by Janette Carter and Gladys Millard (daughters of A.P. and Sara), biographies, discographies, sheet music, and a compact disc recording titled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Original Carter Family in Texas \u003c/title\u003e (1999). In addition to this material, the collection includes programs from the Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, and 2008), funeral services for second generation Carter musicians and Johnny Cash, and special events at the Carter Family Fold. The Carter/Cash Family Collection also contains photographs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia, such as Maybelle's hunting and fishing license (1975) and a Carter Fold volunteer badge.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs written by Janette Carter and Gladys Millard (daughters of A.P. and Sara), biographies, discographies, sheet music, and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas  (1999). In addition to this material, the collection includes programs from the Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, and 2008), funeral services for second generation Carter musicians and Johnny Cash, and special events at the Carter Family Fold. The Carter/Cash Family Collection also contains photographs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia, such as Maybelle's hunting and fishing license (1975) and a Carter Fold volunteer badge."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname normal=\"Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eCash, June Carter\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAmong My Klediments\u003c/title\u003e. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1979. Spec Large ML420.C2653 A3 c.2\u003c/bibref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eWolfe, Charles K.\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eJune Carter Cash\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Cash, Johnny\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eJohnny Cash\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant)\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eA. P. Carter\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Carter, Sara, 1898-1979\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eSara Carter\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eMaybelle Carter\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname normal=\"Rodgers, Jimmie, 1897-1933\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eJimmie Rodgers\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Carter Family: In the Shadow of Clinch Mountain\u003c/title\u003e. [Hambergen, Germany]: Bear Family Records, 2000. Spec Large ML394.C3 W65 2000\u003c/bibref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eZwonitzer, Mark\u003c/persname\u003e and \u003cpersname normal=\"Hirshberg, Charles\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eCharles Hirshberg\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music.\u003c/title\u003e New York: Simon \u0026amp; Schuster, c2002. Spec Large ML421.C33 Z86 2002 c.2\u003c/bibref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Cash, June Carter. Among My Klediments. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1979. Spec Large ML420.C2653 A3 c.2","Wolfe, Charles K., June Carter Cash, Johnny Cash, A. P. Carter, Sara Carter, Maybelle Carter, and Jimmie Rodgers. The Carter Family: In the Shadow of Clinch Mountain. [Hambergen, Germany]: Bear Family Records, 2000. Spec Large ML394.C3 W65 2000","Zwonitzer, Mark and Charles Hirshberg. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Spec Large ML421.C33 Z86 2002 c.2"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e10e76f4cda85fb159a09dd8f0a942dc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"famname_ssim":["Carter Family (Musical group)"],"persname_ssim":["Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)","Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2509.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carter/Cash Family Collection","title_ssm":["Carter/Cash Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carter/Cash Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1940-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c.1940-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009"],"text":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009","Ms.2009.090","Country musicians -- United States","Country musicians -- United States -- Biography","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","Country musicians","Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in three series: Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, Series II: Memorabilia, and Series III: Newspaper and Magazine Articles.","Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, 1980-2005, n.d. This series includes two memoirs written by Janette Carter (1983, 2005). The earliest of these two memoirs is autographed by Janette and Joe Carter, and the more recent memoir is autographed by Janette Carter, Flo (A.P. and Sara's first grandchild, the daughter of Gladys) and Johnny Wolfe (Flo's husband), and Dale (Janette's son) and Teresa Jett (Dale's wife). This series also contains a memoir written about A.P. Carter by Gladys Millard (n.d.), as well as a collection of Carter Family sheet music with a biography written by Johnny Cash (1980). This series is arranged chronologically.","Series II: Memorabilia, 1941-2008, n.d. This series is comprised primarily of items relating to the Carter family's music, programs of events involving the family, and photographs. The series has been divided into the following five subseries:","Subseries A: Discographies, n.d. This subseries includes two discographies of the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle, one of which includes performances with Chet Atkins. It is likely that these discographies were meant to accompany audio recordings of the listed songs. This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries B: Music, 1944-1999, n.d. This subseries includes two books of sheet music (1944, n.d.) and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas (1999). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries C: Programs, 2000-2008, n.d. This subseries includes programs from the 26th, 28th, 29th, 30th, and 34th Annual Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, 2008), as well as the Carter Fold performance schedule for May and June of 2003. This sub-series also contains programs from the dedication ceremony for the A.P. Carter Cabin (2004) and the Janette Carter Memorial Gospel Concert (2008). In addition to event programs, this Sub-series also includes funeral programs for June Carter Cash (2003), Johnny Cash (2003), Joe D. Carter (2005), and Janette Carter (2006). This subseries is arranged chronologically within each event type.","Subseries D: Photographs, 2002, n.d. This subseries contains an undated photograph of the original Carter Family, a small portrait of Maybelle (n.d.), and two photographs taken at the Carter Fold, including one of Johnny Cash and one of June Carter Cash (2002). This subseries is arranged chronologically, with the undated material first.","Subseries E: Miscellaneous, c.1940-2004, n.d. This subseries includes Sara Carter's Musicians' Protective Association Card (c.1940), Maybelle Carter's hunting and fishing license (1975), and a scrapbook page dated May 29, 2004, that features a magazine clipping of the original Carter Family that is signed by Carlene Carter (June's daughter), Connie Smith, and John Carter Cash (Johnny and June's son). In addition, this sub-series also includes A.P.'s \"Bible Questions and Answers\" booklet (n.d.), Maybelle's Holiday Inn \"Inner Circle\" card (n.d.), a Carter Fold volunteer badge (n.d.), and a collectible seat cushion from the Carter Fold (n.d.). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Series III. Newspaper and Magazine Articles, 1991-2009. This series includes eight newspaper articles from the Kingsport, Tennessee, Times News, as well as three GoTricities special publications from the Times News. The series also includes two newspaper articles from the Bristol Herald Courier and one special supplemental publication from the Scott County, Virginia, Star. Although most of these articles discuss the public response to the death of Joe D. Carter, Janette Carter, June Carter Cash, and Johnny Cash, some discuss the impact of the Carter Family in their respective communities, as well as the country music genre. This series also contains an issue of Life that celebrates the life of A.P. Carter and an issue of People that pays tribute to Johnny Cash. This series is arranged chronologically.","In the early 1900s, \"hillbilly\" music was being recorded in studios in northern states. The distance from the mountains of Tennessee and Virginia made it difficult for musicians to record their music. Ralph Peer–a producer for Victor Talking Machine Company in Bristol, Tennessee–decided to take advantage of this booming genre of music by establishing a recording studio on the second floor of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company on State Street in Bristol. In 1927, Peer recorded several songs with musicians that, to this day, are still regarded as the mothers and fathers of country music. Ralph Peer is also credited with discovering Jimmie Rodgers–one of country music's legends–at the Bristol Sessions.","In response to Peer's call for musicians, Alvin Pleasant \"A.P.\" Delaney Carter, his wife, Sara Doughtery Carter, and his sister-in-law, Maybelle Kilgore Addington Carter traveled to Bristol to record their music. The Carter Family recorded six songs and soon became known as the \"first family\" of country music. The Carter Family continued to grow in size and musical talent. Maybelle Carter and her husband Ezra (A.P's brother) were the parents of June (1929-2003), Helen (1927-1998), and Anita (1933-1999), who later performed as the Carter Sisters. Although Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was, arguably, one of the most influential country music artists of all time, his music broke the boundaries of traditional country music, spilling over into other genres including blues, gospel, and rock and roll. Since his marriage to June Carter in 1968, he has been considered a member of the Carter family musicians.","For additional information on the Carter and Cash families, see the following:","Birthplace of Country Music website","Streissguth, Micheal. Johnny Cash: The Biography. Cambridge, MA: Da Cape Press, 2006. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 420 .C265 S66 2006","Zwonitzer, Mark. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 421 .C33 Z86 2002","The guide to the Carter/Cash Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the initial Carter/Cash Family Collection materials commenced and was completed in June 2009. The processing, arrangement, and description of accruals was completed in August 2009.","The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs written by Janette Carter and Gladys Millard (daughters of A.P. and Sara), biographies, discographies, sheet music, and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas  (1999). In addition to this material, the collection includes programs from the Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, and 2008), funeral services for second generation Carter musicians and Johnny Cash, and special events at the Carter Family Fold. The Carter/Cash Family Collection also contains photographs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia, such as Maybelle's hunting and fishing license (1975) and a Carter Fold volunteer badge.","The following books have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Cash, June Carter. Among My Klediments. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1979. Spec Large ML420.C2653 A3 c.2","Wolfe, Charles K., June Carter Cash, Johnny Cash, A. P. Carter, Sara Carter, Maybelle Carter, and Jimmie Rodgers. The Carter Family: In the Shadow of Clinch Mountain. [Hambergen, Germany]: Bear Family Records, 2000. Spec Large ML394.C3 W65 2000","Zwonitzer, Mark and Charles Hirshberg. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Spec Large ML421.C33 Z86 2002 c.2","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)","Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Carter/Cash Family Collection, 1940/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.090"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.090"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Carter Family (Musical group)"],"creators_ssim":["Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The initial materials for the Carter/Cash Family Collection were purchased by Special Collections in June 2009. Additional materials were purchased by Special Collections in two further accruals during July and August 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Country musicians -- United States","Country musicians -- United States -- Biography","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","Country musicians","Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Country musicians -- United States","Country musicians -- United States -- Biography","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","Country musicians","Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Articles","Biographies (literary works)","Discographies","Programs (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series: Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, Series II: Memorabilia, and Series III: Newspaper and Magazine Articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Memoirs and Biographies, 1980-2005, n.d. This series includes two memoirs written by Janette Carter (1983, 2005). The earliest of these two memoirs is autographed by Janette and Joe Carter, and the more recent memoir is autographed by Janette Carter, Flo (A.P. and Sara's first grandchild, the daughter of Gladys) and Johnny Wolfe (Flo's husband), and Dale (Janette's son) and Teresa Jett (Dale's wife). This series also contains a memoir written about A.P. Carter by Gladys Millard (n.d.), as well as a collection of Carter Family sheet music with a biography written by Johnny Cash (1980). This series is arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Memorabilia, 1941-2008, n.d. This series is comprised primarily of items relating to the Carter family's music, programs of events involving the family, and photographs. The series has been divided into the following five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Discographies, n.d. This subseries includes two discographies of the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle, one of which includes performances with Chet Atkins. It is likely that these discographies were meant to accompany audio recordings of the listed songs. This subseries is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Music, 1944-1999, n.d. This subseries includes two books of sheet music (1944, n.d.) and a compact disc recording titled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Original Carter Family in Texas\u003c/title\u003e (1999). This subseries is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Programs, 2000-2008, n.d. This subseries includes programs from the 26\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, 28\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, 29\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, 30\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e, and 34\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Annual Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, 2008), as well as the Carter Fold performance schedule for May and June of 2003. This sub-series also contains programs from the dedication ceremony for the A.P. Carter Cabin (2004) and the Janette Carter Memorial Gospel Concert (2008). In addition to event programs, this Sub-series also includes funeral programs for June Carter Cash (2003), Johnny Cash (2003), Joe D. Carter (2005), and Janette Carter (2006). This subseries is arranged chronologically within each event type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Photographs, 2002, n.d. This subseries contains an undated photograph of the original Carter Family, a small portrait of Maybelle (n.d.), and two photographs taken at the Carter Fold, including one of Johnny Cash and one of June Carter Cash (2002). This subseries is arranged chronologically, with the undated material first.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Miscellaneous, c.1940-2004, n.d. This subseries includes Sara Carter's Musicians' Protective Association Card (c.1940), Maybelle Carter's hunting and fishing license (1975), and a scrapbook page dated May 29, 2004, that features a magazine clipping of the original Carter Family that is signed by Carlene Carter (June's daughter), Connie Smith, and John Carter Cash (Johnny and June's son). In addition, this sub-series also includes A.P.'s \"Bible Questions and Answers\" booklet (n.d.), Maybelle's Holiday Inn \"Inner Circle\" card (n.d.), a Carter Fold volunteer badge (n.d.), and a collectible seat cushion from the Carter Fold (n.d.). This subseries is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Newspaper and Magazine Articles, 1991-2009. This series includes eight newspaper articles from the Kingsport, Tennessee, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTimes News\u003c/title\u003e, as well as three \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGoTricities\u003c/title\u003e special publications from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTimes News\u003c/title\u003e. The series also includes two newspaper articles from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBristol Herald Courier\u003c/title\u003e and one special supplemental publication from the Scott County, Virginia, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStar\u003c/title\u003e. Although most of these articles discuss the public response to the death of Joe D. Carter, Janette Carter, June Carter Cash, and Johnny Cash, some discuss the impact of the Carter Family in their respective communities, as well as the country music genre. This series also contains an issue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLife\u003c/title\u003e that celebrates the life of A.P. Carter and an issue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePeople\u003c/title\u003e that pays tribute to Johnny Cash. This series is arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series: Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, Series II: Memorabilia, and Series III: Newspaper and Magazine Articles.","Series I: Memoirs and Biographies, 1980-2005, n.d. This series includes two memoirs written by Janette Carter (1983, 2005). The earliest of these two memoirs is autographed by Janette and Joe Carter, and the more recent memoir is autographed by Janette Carter, Flo (A.P. and Sara's first grandchild, the daughter of Gladys) and Johnny Wolfe (Flo's husband), and Dale (Janette's son) and Teresa Jett (Dale's wife). This series also contains a memoir written about A.P. Carter by Gladys Millard (n.d.), as well as a collection of Carter Family sheet music with a biography written by Johnny Cash (1980). This series is arranged chronologically.","Series II: Memorabilia, 1941-2008, n.d. This series is comprised primarily of items relating to the Carter family's music, programs of events involving the family, and photographs. The series has been divided into the following five subseries:","Subseries A: Discographies, n.d. This subseries includes two discographies of the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle, one of which includes performances with Chet Atkins. It is likely that these discographies were meant to accompany audio recordings of the listed songs. This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries B: Music, 1944-1999, n.d. This subseries includes two books of sheet music (1944, n.d.) and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas (1999). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Subseries C: Programs, 2000-2008, n.d. This subseries includes programs from the 26th, 28th, 29th, 30th, and 34th Annual Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, 2008), as well as the Carter Fold performance schedule for May and June of 2003. This sub-series also contains programs from the dedication ceremony for the A.P. Carter Cabin (2004) and the Janette Carter Memorial Gospel Concert (2008). In addition to event programs, this Sub-series also includes funeral programs for June Carter Cash (2003), Johnny Cash (2003), Joe D. Carter (2005), and Janette Carter (2006). This subseries is arranged chronologically within each event type.","Subseries D: Photographs, 2002, n.d. This subseries contains an undated photograph of the original Carter Family, a small portrait of Maybelle (n.d.), and two photographs taken at the Carter Fold, including one of Johnny Cash and one of June Carter Cash (2002). This subseries is arranged chronologically, with the undated material first.","Subseries E: Miscellaneous, c.1940-2004, n.d. This subseries includes Sara Carter's Musicians' Protective Association Card (c.1940), Maybelle Carter's hunting and fishing license (1975), and a scrapbook page dated May 29, 2004, that features a magazine clipping of the original Carter Family that is signed by Carlene Carter (June's daughter), Connie Smith, and John Carter Cash (Johnny and June's son). In addition, this sub-series also includes A.P.'s \"Bible Questions and Answers\" booklet (n.d.), Maybelle's Holiday Inn \"Inner Circle\" card (n.d.), a Carter Fold volunteer badge (n.d.), and a collectible seat cushion from the Carter Fold (n.d.). This subseries is arranged by material type.","Series III. Newspaper and Magazine Articles, 1991-2009. This series includes eight newspaper articles from the Kingsport, Tennessee, Times News, as well as three GoTricities special publications from the Times News. The series also includes two newspaper articles from the Bristol Herald Courier and one special supplemental publication from the Scott County, Virginia, Star. Although most of these articles discuss the public response to the death of Joe D. Carter, Janette Carter, June Carter Cash, and Johnny Cash, some discuss the impact of the Carter Family in their respective communities, as well as the country music genre. This series also contains an issue of Life that celebrates the life of A.P. Carter and an issue of People that pays tribute to Johnny Cash. This series is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1900s, \"hillbilly\" music was being recorded in studios in northern states. The distance from the mountains of Tennessee and Virginia made it difficult for musicians to record their music. Ralph Peer–a producer for Victor Talking Machine Company in Bristol, Tennessee–decided to take advantage of this booming genre of music by establishing a recording studio on the second floor of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company on State Street in Bristol. In 1927, Peer recorded several songs with musicians that, to this day, are still regarded as the mothers and fathers of country music. Ralph Peer is also credited with discovering Jimmie Rodgers–one of country music's legends–at the Bristol Sessions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn response to Peer's call for musicians, Alvin Pleasant \"A.P.\" Delaney Carter, his wife, Sara Doughtery Carter, and his sister-in-law, Maybelle Kilgore Addington Carter traveled to Bristol to record their music. The Carter Family recorded six songs and soon became known as the \"first family\" of country music. The Carter Family continued to grow in size and musical talent. Maybelle Carter and her husband Ezra (A.P's brother) were the parents of June (1929-2003), Helen (1927-1998), and Anita (1933-1999), who later performed as the Carter Sisters. Although Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was, arguably, one of the most influential country music artists of all time, his music broke the boundaries of traditional country music, spilling over into other genres including blues, gospel, and rock and roll. Since his marriage to June Carter in 1968, he has been considered a member of the Carter family musicians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor additional information on the Carter and Cash families, see the following: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.birthplaceofcountrymusic.org\" title=\"website\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBirthplace of Country Music website\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eStreissguth, Micheal\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJohnny Cash: The Biography\u003c/title\u003e. Cambridge, MA: Da Cape Press, 2006.\u003c/bibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e Newman Library 3\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003erd\u003c/emph\u003e Floor ML 420 .C265 S66 2006\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eZwonitzer, Mark\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music.\u003c/title\u003e New York: Simon \u0026amp; Schuster, c2002.\u003c/bibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e Newman Library 3\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003erd\u003c/emph\u003e Floor ML 421 .C33 Z86 2002\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the early 1900s, \"hillbilly\" music was being recorded in studios in northern states. The distance from the mountains of Tennessee and Virginia made it difficult for musicians to record their music. Ralph Peer–a producer for Victor Talking Machine Company in Bristol, Tennessee–decided to take advantage of this booming genre of music by establishing a recording studio on the second floor of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company on State Street in Bristol. In 1927, Peer recorded several songs with musicians that, to this day, are still regarded as the mothers and fathers of country music. Ralph Peer is also credited with discovering Jimmie Rodgers–one of country music's legends–at the Bristol Sessions.","In response to Peer's call for musicians, Alvin Pleasant \"A.P.\" Delaney Carter, his wife, Sara Doughtery Carter, and his sister-in-law, Maybelle Kilgore Addington Carter traveled to Bristol to record their music. The Carter Family recorded six songs and soon became known as the \"first family\" of country music. The Carter Family continued to grow in size and musical talent. Maybelle Carter and her husband Ezra (A.P's brother) were the parents of June (1929-2003), Helen (1927-1998), and Anita (1933-1999), who later performed as the Carter Sisters. Although Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was, arguably, one of the most influential country music artists of all time, his music broke the boundaries of traditional country music, spilling over into other genres including blues, gospel, and rock and roll. Since his marriage to June Carter in 1968, he has been considered a member of the Carter family musicians.","For additional information on the Carter and Cash families, see the following:","Birthplace of Country Music website","Streissguth, Micheal. Johnny Cash: The Biography. Cambridge, MA: Da Cape Press, 2006. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 420 .C265 S66 2006","Zwonitzer, Mark. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Newman Library 3rd Floor ML 421 .C33 Z86 2002"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carter/Cash Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carter/Cash Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carter/Cash Family Collection, Ms2009-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carter/Cash Family Collection, Ms2009-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the initial Carter/Cash Family Collection materials commenced and was completed in June 2009. The processing, arrangement, and description of accruals was completed in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the initial Carter/Cash Family Collection materials commenced and was completed in June 2009. The processing, arrangement, and description of accruals was completed in August 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs written by Janette Carter and Gladys Millard (daughters of A.P. and Sara), biographies, discographies, sheet music, and a compact disc recording titled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Original Carter Family in Texas \u003c/title\u003e (1999). In addition to this material, the collection includes programs from the Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, and 2008), funeral services for second generation Carter musicians and Johnny Cash, and special events at the Carter Family Fold. The Carter/Cash Family Collection also contains photographs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia, such as Maybelle's hunting and fishing license (1975) and a Carter Fold volunteer badge.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs written by Janette Carter and Gladys Millard (daughters of A.P. and Sara), biographies, discographies, sheet music, and a compact disc recording titled The Original Carter Family in Texas  (1999). In addition to this material, the collection includes programs from the Carter Family Memorial Festival and Craft Show (2000, 2002-2004, and 2008), funeral services for second generation Carter musicians and Johnny Cash, and special events at the Carter Family Fold. The Carter/Cash Family Collection also contains photographs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia, such as Maybelle's hunting and fishing license (1975) and a Carter Fold volunteer badge."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname normal=\"Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eCash, June Carter\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAmong My Klediments\u003c/title\u003e. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1979. Spec Large ML420.C2653 A3 c.2\u003c/bibref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eWolfe, Charles K.\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eJune Carter Cash\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Cash, Johnny\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eJohnny Cash\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant)\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eA. P. Carter\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Carter, Sara, 1898-1979\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eSara Carter\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname normal=\"Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eMaybelle Carter\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname normal=\"Rodgers, Jimmie, 1897-1933\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eJimmie Rodgers\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Carter Family: In the Shadow of Clinch Mountain\u003c/title\u003e. [Hambergen, Germany]: Bear Family Records, 2000. Spec Large ML394.C3 W65 2000\u003c/bibref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cpersname source=\"lcsh\"\u003eZwonitzer, Mark\u003c/persname\u003e and \u003cpersname normal=\"Hirshberg, Charles\" source=\"lcsh\"\u003eCharles Hirshberg\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music.\u003c/title\u003e New York: Simon \u0026amp; Schuster, c2002. Spec Large ML421.C33 Z86 2002 c.2\u003c/bibref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Cash, June Carter. Among My Klediments. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1979. Spec Large ML420.C2653 A3 c.2","Wolfe, Charles K., June Carter Cash, Johnny Cash, A. P. Carter, Sara Carter, Maybelle Carter, and Jimmie Rodgers. The Carter Family: In the Shadow of Clinch Mountain. [Hambergen, Germany]: Bear Family Records, 2000. Spec Large ML394.C3 W65 2000","Zwonitzer, Mark and Charles Hirshberg. Will You Miss Me When I'm Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, c2002. Spec Large ML421.C33 Z86 2002 c.2"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e10e76f4cda85fb159a09dd8f0a942dc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Carter/Cash Family Collection contains memoirs, biographies, photographs, funeral programs, newspaper and magazine articles, and memorabilia relating to the Carter family and Johnny Cash."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"famname_ssim":["Carter Family (Musical group)"],"persname_ssim":["Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carter Sisters","Carter Family (Musical group)","Streissguth, Micheal","Zwonitzer, Mark","Cash, June Carter","Wolfe, Charles K.","June Carter Cash","Johnny Cash","A. P. Carter","Sara Carter","Maybelle Carter","Jimmie Rodgers","Charles Hirshberg","Carter, A. P. (Alvin Pleasant), 1891-1960","Carter, Joe, 1927-2005","Carter, Janette","Carter,  Helen, 1927-1998","Carter, Anita","Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003","Cash, Johnny","Carter, Sara, 1898-1979","Carter, Maybelle, 1909-1978"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2509"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, 1861/1996","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This contains a collection of small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts related to various aspects of the American Civil War and obtained from various sources.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2247","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2247.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection","title_ssm":["Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection"],"title_tesim":["Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1996"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, 1861/1996"],"text":["Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, 1861/1996","Ms.2003.014","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of person, place, military unit, etc.","The guide to the Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","A collection created from individual small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts, containing such items as letters, diaries, reminiscences, and ephemera relating to the American Civil War.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This contains a collection of small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts related to various aspects of the American Civil War and obtained from various sources.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Prillaman family","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Baker family","Houck family","Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. K, 12th Regiment [New York State Militia?])","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, 1861/1996"],"collection_ssim":["Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, 1861/1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2003.014"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2003.014"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Prillaman family","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Baker family","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Houck family","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. K, 12th Regiment [New York State Militia?])"],"creator_ssim":["Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Prillaman family","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Baker family","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Houck family","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. K, 12th Regiment [New York State Militia?])"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. K, 12th Regiment [New York State Militia?])"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Prillaman family","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Baker family","Houck family"],"creators_ssim":["Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. K, 12th Regiment [New York State Militia?])","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Prillaman family","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Baker family","Houck family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/333\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by name of person, place, military unit, etc.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of person, place, military unit, etc."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, Ms2003-014, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Civil War Small Manuscripts Collection, Ms2003-014, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection created from individual small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts, containing such items as letters, diaries, reminiscences, and ephemera relating to the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection created from individual small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts, containing such items as letters, diaries, reminiscences, and ephemera relating to the American Civil War."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ed1282dd41135c0570fc4cff2553c14f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis contains a collection of small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts related to various aspects of the American Civil War and obtained from various sources.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This contains a collection of small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts related to various aspects of the American Civil War and obtained from various sources."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Prillaman family","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Baker family","Houck family"],"persname_ssim":["Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. K, 12th Regiment [New York State Militia?])"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Prillaman family","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Baker family","Houck family","Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. F. W., 1811-1887","Shreve, David Prentiss (Lexington, Va.)","Hilton, John, 1828-1903","Hayes, Carl N.","Duncan, William E.","Compton, John R.","Fitting, Minnie Adams","Evans, Washington C.","Babcock, H. O.","Briggs, Marian","Bailey, Pattie Dobson Talley, b.1888","Jordan, Charles Francis, 1837-1922","Armistead, Mary Frances","McKinnis, Henry, 1841-1893","Campbell, Donald (Co. 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Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ed1282dd41135c0570fc4cff2553c14f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis contains a collection of small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts related to various aspects of the American Civil War and obtained from various sources.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This contains a collection of small (1- to 2-folder) manuscripts related to various aspects of the American Civil War and obtained from various sources."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Prillaman family","Holcombe family","Charlton family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Baker family","Houck family"],"persname_ssim":["Hart, Henry Waldo, 1832-1895 (Corporal, 2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery)","Garrett, Samuel Edwin, 1835(?)-1865","Turner, Mary H.","Walther, C. 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