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(Joseph Dillard), 1911-1990"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1932","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1930-1939","Virginia Military Institute—Scrapbooks","Scrapbooks","Account Books","Correspondence","Military records","Certificates"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1932","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1930-1939","Virginia Military Institute—Scrapbooks","Scrapbooks","Account Books","Correspondence","Military records","Certificates"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Account Books","Correspondence","Military records","Certificates"],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Dillard Neikirk was born in 1911 and he graduated from VMI in 1932. He served as Executive Vice President of the VMI Foundation from 1954 until his retirement in 1978. Neikirk died in 1990.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Dillard Neikirk was born in 1911 and he graduated from VMI in 1932. He served as Executive Vice President of the VMI Foundation from 1954 until his retirement in 1978. Neikirk died in 1990."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph D. Neikirk collection, 1927-1986. MS 0308. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joseph D. Neikirk collection, 1927-1986. MS 0308. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph D. Neikirk's diploma is found in the \u003ca href=\"https://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/archival_objects/4281\"\u003e VMI diplomas collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Joseph D. Neikirk's diploma is found in the   VMI diplomas collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the papers of Joseph D. Neikirk, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA cadet scrapbook\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA cadet account book\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral correspondence and correspondence with VMI alumni\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilitary records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResolutions and award certificates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the papers of Joseph D. 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Gerow papers (40 items) consist of papers from the military career of Gerow, including:\n Diplomas Citations Certificates of promotion Photographs An autobiography (14 page typescript, 1979) Correspondence","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Lee S. (Lee Saunders), 1891-1982","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0228","/repositories/3/resources/313"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lee S. Gerow papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lee S. Gerow papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lee S. 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Gerow papers (40 items) consist of papers from the military career of Gerow, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiplomas\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCertificates of promotion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn autobiography (14 page typescript, 1979)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lee S. Gerow papers (40 items) consist of papers from the military career of Gerow, including:\n Diplomas Citations Certificates of promotion Photographs An autobiography (14 page typescript, 1979) Correspondence"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. 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(Lee Saunders), 1891-1982"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Gerow, Lee S. (Lee Saunders), 1891-1982"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:10:53.151Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_313"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Leonard T. Gerow papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_592.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00009.xml","title_ssm":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"title_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1911-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592"],"text":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592","Leonard T. Gerow papers","United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc.","There are no restrictions.","1888 July 13 Born in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders. 1911 Graduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army. 1911-1918 Served with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico. 1918 April-1919 October Signal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing. 1919-1921 Commanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. 1921-1941 December Served in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931). 1941 December-1942 February Named Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff. 1942 February Named Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1942 October 29 Division to England. 1943 July Named Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps. 1945 January 15 Assumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater. 1945 October Returned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1948 January Assumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1950 July 31 Retired as a Lieutenant General. 1954 July Appointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress. 1972 October 12 Died at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia.","July 28, 1941 \nColonel D. D. Eisenhower, \nChief of Staff, III Army, \nSmith-Young Tower, \nSan Antonio, Texas ","Dear Ike:  \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.","Washington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. ","Would liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. ","My health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.","Mary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both. \nDevotedly,","Fort George Meade, Maryland \n1942 April 19","Major General D. D. Eisenhower, \nOperations Division, \nWar Department General Staff, \nMunitions Building, Washington DC ","Dear Ike: \nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. ","My division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. ","I am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.","Hope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. ","Will be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself. \nFrom,","Headquarters \nEuropean Theater of Operations \nUnited States Army  \n16 July, 1942. ","Dear Gee, \nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.","I knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. ","Another thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. ","I sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. ","Scrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. ","With best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise. \nAs ever, \nIke ","Major General Leonard T. Gerow, \nCommanding 29th Division, \nA.P.O. No. 29, \nFredericksburg, Va.","15 February 1943 ","Dear Ike: \nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. ","Hartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. ","I shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. ","Best of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.","ALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS \nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief  \n24 February, 1943. ","Dear Gee: \nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.","The letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. ","I feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. ","Your letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever, \nIke ","The Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.","Letter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.","In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.","In the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"","Written from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.","Letter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.","The letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.","Letter regards military missions and family news.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.","Letter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.","Letter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.","Letter regards general news of the War.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.","Letter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards the end of the Combined Command.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.","Letter regards general news and greetings.","In the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.","Letter regards a recent trip to Virginia.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.","Letter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.","Map of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\"","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"collection_ssim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creator_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creators_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 120 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 120 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1888 July 13\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eBorn in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1911\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eGraduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1911-1918\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eServed with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1918 April-1919 October\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eSignal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1919-1921\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eCommanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1921-1941 December\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eServed in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931).\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1941 December-1942 February\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1942 February\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1942 October 29\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eDivision to England.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1943 July\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1945 January 15\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAssumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1945 October\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eReturned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1948 January\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAssumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1950 July 31\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eRetired as a Lieutenant General.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1954 July\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAppointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1972 October 12\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eDied at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n    \u003c/chronlist\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["1888 July 13 Born in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders. 1911 Graduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army. 1911-1918 Served with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico. 1918 April-1919 October Signal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing. 1919-1921 Commanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. 1921-1941 December Served in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931). 1941 December-1942 February Named Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff. 1942 February Named Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1942 October 29 Division to England. 1943 July Named Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps. 1945 January 15 Assumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater. 1945 October Returned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1948 January Assumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1950 July 31 Retired as a Lieutenant General. 1954 July Appointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress. 1972 October 12 Died at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJuly 28, 1941\u003cbr\u003e\nColonel D. D. Eisenhower,\u003cbr\u003e\nChief of Staff, III Army,\u003cbr\u003e\nSmith-Young Tower,\u003cbr\u003e\nSan Antonio, Texas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWashington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWould liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both.\u003cbr\u003e\nDevotedly,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort George Meade, Maryland\u003cbr\u003e\n1942 April 19\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor General D. D. Eisenhower,\u003cbr\u003e\nOperations Division,\u003cbr\u003e\nWar Department General Staff,\u003cbr\u003e\nMunitions Building, Washington DC \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeadquarters\u003cbr\u003e\nEuropean Theater of Operations\u003cbr\u003e\nUnited States Army\u003cbr\u003e \n16 July, 1942. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Gee,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eScrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise.\u003cbr\u003e\nAs ever,\u003cbr\u003e\nIke \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor General Leonard T. Gerow,\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding 29th Division,\u003cbr\u003e\nA.P.O. No. 29,\u003cbr\u003e\nFredericksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 February 1943 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e\nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBest of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS\u003cbr\u003e\nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief\u003cbr\u003e \n24 February, 1943. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Gee:\u003cbr\u003e\nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever,\u003cbr\u003e\nIke \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["July 28, 1941 \nColonel D. D. Eisenhower, \nChief of Staff, III Army, \nSmith-Young Tower, \nSan Antonio, Texas ","Dear Ike:  \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.","Washington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. ","Would liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. ","My health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.","Mary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both. \nDevotedly,","Fort George Meade, Maryland \n1942 April 19","Major General D. D. Eisenhower, \nOperations Division, \nWar Department General Staff, \nMunitions Building, Washington DC ","Dear Ike: \nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. ","My division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. ","I am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.","Hope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. ","Will be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself. \nFrom,","Headquarters \nEuropean Theater of Operations \nUnited States Army  \n16 July, 1942. ","Dear Gee, \nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.","I knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. ","Another thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. ","I sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. ","Scrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. ","With best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise. \nAs ever, \nIke ","Major General Leonard T. Gerow, \nCommanding 29th Division, \nA.P.O. No. 29, \nFredericksburg, Va.","15 February 1943 ","Dear Ike: \nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. ","Hartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. ","I shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. ","Best of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.","ALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS \nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief  \n24 February, 1943. ","Dear Gee: \nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.","The letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. ","I feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. ","Your letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever, \nIke "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLeonard T. Gerow papers, 1911-1970. MS 0100. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers, 1911-1970. MS 0100. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards military missions and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general news of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the end of the Combined Command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general news and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip to Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.","Letter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.","In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.","In the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"","Written from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.","Letter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.","The letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.","Letter regards military missions and family news.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.","Letter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.","Letter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.","Letter regards general news of the War.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.","Letter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards the end of the Combined Command.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.","Letter regards general news and greetings.","In the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.","Letter regards a recent trip to Virginia.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.","Letter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.","Map of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8eb12fec65a1af7204756d6b8993ac64\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"persname_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":59,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:38.121Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_592.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00009.xml","title_ssm":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"title_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1911-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592"],"text":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592","Leonard T. Gerow papers","United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc.","There are no restrictions.","1888 July 13 Born in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders. 1911 Graduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army. 1911-1918 Served with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico. 1918 April-1919 October Signal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing. 1919-1921 Commanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. 1921-1941 December Served in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931). 1941 December-1942 February Named Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff. 1942 February Named Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1942 October 29 Division to England. 1943 July Named Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps. 1945 January 15 Assumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater. 1945 October Returned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1948 January Assumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1950 July 31 Retired as a Lieutenant General. 1954 July Appointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress. 1972 October 12 Died at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia.","July 28, 1941 \nColonel D. D. Eisenhower, \nChief of Staff, III Army, \nSmith-Young Tower, \nSan Antonio, Texas ","Dear Ike:  \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.","Washington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. ","Would liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. ","My health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.","Mary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both. \nDevotedly,","Fort George Meade, Maryland \n1942 April 19","Major General D. D. Eisenhower, \nOperations Division, \nWar Department General Staff, \nMunitions Building, Washington DC ","Dear Ike: \nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. ","My division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. ","I am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.","Hope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. ","Will be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself. \nFrom,","Headquarters \nEuropean Theater of Operations \nUnited States Army  \n16 July, 1942. ","Dear Gee, \nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.","I knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. ","Another thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. ","I sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. ","Scrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. ","With best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise. \nAs ever, \nIke ","Major General Leonard T. Gerow, \nCommanding 29th Division, \nA.P.O. No. 29, \nFredericksburg, Va.","15 February 1943 ","Dear Ike: \nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. ","Hartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. ","I shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. ","Best of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.","ALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS \nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief  \n24 February, 1943. ","Dear Gee: \nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.","The letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. ","I feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. ","Your letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever, \nIke ","The Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.","Letter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.","In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.","In the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"","Written from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.","Letter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.","The letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.","Letter regards military missions and family news.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.","Letter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.","Letter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.","Letter regards general news of the War.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.","Letter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards the end of the Combined Command.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.","Letter regards general news and greetings.","In the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.","Letter regards a recent trip to Virginia.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.","Letter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.","Map of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\"","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"collection_ssim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creator_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creators_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 120 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 120 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1888 July 13\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eBorn in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1911\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eGraduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1911-1918\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eServed with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1918 April-1919 October\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eSignal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1919-1921\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eCommanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1921-1941 December\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eServed in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931).\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1941 December-1942 February\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1942 February\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1942 October 29\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eDivision to England.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1943 July\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1945 January 15\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAssumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1945 October\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eReturned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1948 January\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAssumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1950 July 31\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eRetired as a Lieutenant General.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1954 July\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAppointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1972 October 12\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eDied at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n    \u003c/chronlist\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["1888 July 13 Born in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders. 1911 Graduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army. 1911-1918 Served with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico. 1918 April-1919 October Signal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing. 1919-1921 Commanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. 1921-1941 December Served in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931). 1941 December-1942 February Named Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff. 1942 February Named Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1942 October 29 Division to England. 1943 July Named Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps. 1945 January 15 Assumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater. 1945 October Returned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1948 January Assumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1950 July 31 Retired as a Lieutenant General. 1954 July Appointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress. 1972 October 12 Died at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJuly 28, 1941\u003cbr\u003e\nColonel D. D. Eisenhower,\u003cbr\u003e\nChief of Staff, III Army,\u003cbr\u003e\nSmith-Young Tower,\u003cbr\u003e\nSan Antonio, Texas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWashington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWould liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both.\u003cbr\u003e\nDevotedly,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort George Meade, Maryland\u003cbr\u003e\n1942 April 19\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor General D. D. Eisenhower,\u003cbr\u003e\nOperations Division,\u003cbr\u003e\nWar Department General Staff,\u003cbr\u003e\nMunitions Building, Washington DC \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeadquarters\u003cbr\u003e\nEuropean Theater of Operations\u003cbr\u003e\nUnited States Army\u003cbr\u003e \n16 July, 1942. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Gee,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eScrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise.\u003cbr\u003e\nAs ever,\u003cbr\u003e\nIke \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor General Leonard T. Gerow,\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding 29th Division,\u003cbr\u003e\nA.P.O. No. 29,\u003cbr\u003e\nFredericksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 February 1943 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e\nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBest of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS\u003cbr\u003e\nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief\u003cbr\u003e \n24 February, 1943. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Gee:\u003cbr\u003e\nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever,\u003cbr\u003e\nIke \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["July 28, 1941 \nColonel D. D. Eisenhower, \nChief of Staff, III Army, \nSmith-Young Tower, \nSan Antonio, Texas ","Dear Ike:  \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.","Washington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. ","Would liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. ","My health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.","Mary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both. \nDevotedly,","Fort George Meade, Maryland \n1942 April 19","Major General D. D. Eisenhower, \nOperations Division, \nWar Department General Staff, \nMunitions Building, Washington DC ","Dear Ike: \nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. ","My division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. ","I am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.","Hope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. ","Will be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself. \nFrom,","Headquarters \nEuropean Theater of Operations \nUnited States Army  \n16 July, 1942. ","Dear Gee, \nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.","I knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. ","Another thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. ","I sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. ","Scrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. ","With best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise. \nAs ever, \nIke ","Major General Leonard T. Gerow, \nCommanding 29th Division, \nA.P.O. No. 29, \nFredericksburg, Va.","15 February 1943 ","Dear Ike: \nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. ","Hartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. ","I shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. ","Best of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.","ALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS \nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief  \n24 February, 1943. ","Dear Gee: \nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.","The letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. ","I feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. ","Your letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever, \nIke "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLeonard T. Gerow papers, 1911-1970. MS 0100. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers, 1911-1970. MS 0100. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards military missions and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general news of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the end of the Combined Command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general news and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip to Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.","Letter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.","In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.","In the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"","Written from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.","Letter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.","The letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.","Letter regards military missions and family news.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.","Letter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.","Letter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.","Letter regards general news of the War.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.","Letter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards the end of the Combined Command.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.","Letter regards general news and greetings.","In the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.","Letter regards a recent trip to Virginia.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.","Letter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.","Map of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8eb12fec65a1af7204756d6b8993ac64\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"persname_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":59,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:38.121Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ludwell L. Montague letters","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_526.xml","title_ssm":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"title_tesim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0446","/repositories/3/resources/526"],"text":["MS.0446","/repositories/3/resources/526","Ludwell L. Montague letters","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1928","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1920-1929","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Ludwell Lee Montague (1907-1972) graduated from VMI in 1928. He subsequently earned his PhD in History fom Duke University and served as an Assistant Professor of History at VMI. During World War II he served on the War Department General Staff his post-War career was spent at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).","This collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956).","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0446","/repositories/3/resources/526"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"collection_ssim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"creator_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"creators_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1928","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1920-1929","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1928","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1920-1929","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 items"],"extent_tesim":["1 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLudwell Lee Montague (1907-1972) graduated from VMI in 1928. He subsequently earned his PhD in History fom Duke University and served as an Assistant Professor of History at VMI. During World War II he served on the War Department General Staff his post-War career was spent at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ludwell Lee Montague (1907-1972) graduated from VMI in 1928. He subsequently earned his PhD in History fom Duke University and served as an Assistant Professor of History at VMI. During World War II he served on the War Department General Staff his post-War career was spent at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLudwell L. Montague letters, 1924-1956. MS 0446. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters, 1924-1956. MS 0446. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_851c89fdce25c529272b1a9488987d55\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:13:02.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_526.xml","title_ssm":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"title_tesim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0446","/repositories/3/resources/526"],"text":["MS.0446","/repositories/3/resources/526","Ludwell L. Montague letters","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1928","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1920-1929","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Ludwell Lee Montague (1907-1972) graduated from VMI in 1928. He subsequently earned his PhD in History fom Duke University and served as an Assistant Professor of History at VMI. During World War II he served on the War Department General Staff his post-War career was spent at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).","This collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956).","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0446","/repositories/3/resources/526"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"collection_ssim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"creator_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"creators_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1928","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1920-1929","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1928","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1920-1929","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 items"],"extent_tesim":["1 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLudwell Lee Montague (1907-1972) graduated from VMI in 1928. He subsequently earned his PhD in History fom Duke University and served as an Assistant Professor of History at VMI. During World War II he served on the War Department General Staff his post-War career was spent at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ludwell Lee Montague (1907-1972) graduated from VMI in 1928. He subsequently earned his PhD in History fom Duke University and served as an Assistant Professor of History at VMI. During World War II he served on the War Department General Staff his post-War career was spent at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLudwell L. Montague letters, 1924-1956. MS 0446. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ludwell L. Montague letters, 1924-1956. MS 0446. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of transcriptions of Ludwell L. Montague's outgoing correspondence (dated 1924-1956), which were compiled and edited by two of his daughters. The letters are arranged chronologically and the editors have included explanatory notes, photographs, and other relevant supplementary material. The bulk of the letters date from Montague years at VMI, and they provide a detailed view of cadet life during the 1920s. Also included are letters dating from his years in graduate school (dated 1928-1934) and other letters (dated 1918-1956)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_851c89fdce25c529272b1a9488987d55\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Montague, Ludwell L. (Ludwell Lee), 1907-1972"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:13:02.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_526"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mark B. Hardin collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_628.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00068.xml","title_ssm":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"title_tesim":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1947"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1947"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0440","/repositories/3/resources/628"],"text":["MS.0440","/repositories/3/resources/628","Mark B. Hardin collection","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1858","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Mark Bernard \"Bunny\" Hardin was born on August 14, 1838 in Alexandria, Virginia to Lauriston Bonaparte Hardin (1804-1858) and Anna Maria Hanson Hooe (1817-1845). He entered VMI on September 7, 1854 and graduated on July 4, 1858, standing first in his class. Following graduation he joined the faculty at VMI, teaching chemistry and other subjects until the beginning of the Civil War. ","Hardin served with the 33rd and 9th Virginia Infantry Regiments and with the 18th Battalion Virginia Heavy Artillery. He was captured at Sayler's Creek, Virginia on April 6, 1865 and held at Old Capitol and Johnson's Island prisons. He was released on oath on July 3, 1865 (some records say June 27).","Following the War, Hardin established an analytical chemistry business in New York City, New York where he resided until July 1867. From summer 1867 to September 1890 he was a Professor of Chemistry at VMI. From September 1890 to 1910 he taught at Clemson University, South Carolina.","Hardin married Mary Massie Payne of Warrenton, Virginia, on August 4, 1869, and the couple had eight children. He died on April 26, 1916 in Clemson, South Carolina and is buried at the Old Stone Church Cemetery, Clemson.","This letter was written to Augusta Lane Hardin, Lauriston B. Hardin's second wife and Mark B. Hardin's stepmother. At the time, Mark was 11 years old and his stepmother was visiting her family in Wilmington. This letter was sent to Augusta Hardin in care of Levin Lane, Esq. (1793-1863). Mark's family was then living in Washington, D.C. where Lauriston was the Clerk and Registrar of the Department of the Navy.","At the time of this letter, Mark B. Hardin was serving in the Confederate Army as a Major in command of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, 18th Virginia, assigned to the defenses at Richmond, Virginia.","The Hooe family was kin to the Hardins through the marriage of Lauriston B. Hardin to his first wife, Anna M. H. Hooe. She was Mark B. Hardin's mother. After Lauriston's (second) marriage to Augusta Lane Hardin, the children of that marriage, Susan L. Hardin and John H. Hardin, adopted the Hooes as their \"Grandparents.\" In this letter, Susan's \"Grandfather,\" Bernard Hooe (1791-1869), is writing for the first time after mail communications were established.","During the time period following the Civil War, Mark B. Hardin attempted to start a business in New York City, New York in partnership with William Gilham (1818-1872). Gilham was a West Pointer (Class of 1840) and the former Commandant of Cadets at VMI during Hardin's tenure there before the War.","Washington. April 21st 1849","My dear Mother \nAs today is a holiday I thought I would write you a few lines telling you all the news.","Last night there was a very large fire, destroying two or three houses and injuring two or three very much, - the fire began about twelve o'clock and lasted about an hour. A stable was set on fire behind those taverns near the canal, the taverns caught and burnt very badly. There were also several pigeons burnt during the fire. I went up to father's office today and spent the day with him and I had a very fine time.","I heard that there was a very deep snow in Wilmington not long ago. We have had very bad weather too, one day it snowed and rained both.","Father has not determined to get the house near the Fraily's, but he will, if he does not get Captain Powell's near Gadsby's Hotel, he will know tomorrow whether Captain Powell will let him have his for $350 or not.","Father has been suffering for some time with the pain in his shoulder, but I am happy to say that he is getting a great deal better.","We have had two or three serenades since you have been gone. The gentlemen came in the parlor and played for almost an hour then went down the front steps and sat on the boxes and played Oh! Susannah, then they went away.\nGive my love to Your Mother and your sisters and Eddy. Miss Anna Tanney has gone to Philadelphia to take a little trip for the benefit of her health, which has been rather bad.\nAfter the cold spell we have had, it is now quite mild again.","Captain Powell's house has a great deal of nice fruit in the garden, which is a very pretty one.","And now as it is getting late I must end my letter. \nFrom \nYour Affectionate \nSon \nM B Hardin","P.S.Father is going to write you a few lines. Grand Father sends his love to you and Miss Virginia.","Apl. 24, 1849 \nI have but a moment, my dearest wife, to put a short P.S. to your son's letter. He began it on Saturday, but did not finish it till last night. The mail closes early this morning so I must necessarily be short. I was quite disappointed last evening at not receiving a letter from you. I learned, however, that there was no mail south of Petersburg, which I suppose will account for your letters' not coming, as I take if for granted it was started in due time. Well, 'most two weeks have passed since you left us; they have passed quite heavily with me, \u0026 I begin to feel quite anxious for the hour of meeting to arrive. I am unable to say how soon I may be able to get off, for as yet, business seems to be increasing rather than falling off; but I will be better able to judge of the prospects when I answer your letter, which I expect tonight or tomorrow. In the near time, I hope you will enjoy yourself, and not get homesick or husband-sick. I have quite recovered from my attack, or rather I feel a great deal better. The pain in my breast and shoulder has \"left for parts unknown\" and I have no cough at all; so on the (subject?) of my health you need not be uneasy.","Best love to all the family. How did you enjoy the snow \u0026 green peas \u0026 perhaps strawberries?","Mr. Hooe is in Alexandria, which accounts for Mr. Hooe's love coming alone. Good bye - \nyour devoted husband \nL B Hardin","Battery 8, Richmond \nJan'y 3rd 1864","Dear Sue \nI received your letter yesterday \u0026 was truly glad to hear from you. I should have written before, but your last letter was in some way misplaced and I did not know where to address. You say that if I do not pay you a visit soon that you will never forgive me. If you won't forgive, you'll never forget me, so I am almost determined never to go to see you. But I am sure that such a course will be unnecessary to keep me in your memory, and whenever I can make it conveniently, I shall certainly pay you the visit. Just now it will not be possible to do so.","It is true that I am allowing my soldiers to go on furlough, but I do not feel disposed to ask a leave of absence for myself. This is not my dear sister because I am not truly anxious to see you, but because I am now, \u0026 will be for some time, quite busy in settling up my official transactions \u0026 accounts for the last quarter of the old year. I have not had, Sue, a leave of absence for a single day since I have been in service, and it has become a sort of matter of pride to be able to know that I have never asked for such an indulgence. I determined when I entered the service that I would not apply for a leave unless it was upon a matter of absolute necessity, and I am sure you would not have me break through this resolution. Some of these days when I can convince myself that it is necessary to take a short respite from the duties \u0026 troubles of the camp, I will make it a duty, as it will always be my greatest pleasure, to run down \u0026 visit you.","Do not think my dear sister, that I am forgetful, or that my affection for you is in the least diminished. I constantly think of you, and am more \u0026 more solicitous about you as you grow older. I look forward to the time when this direful war will cease, and anticipate the most delightful seasons of companionship with you. God grant in His Mercy \u0026 Providence that these anticipations may be realized.","I hope you had a pleasant Christmas \u0026 that your New Year promises to be a happy one. My Christmas was very dull. No Santa Claus, no merry faces, no big bowl of egg-nog, no family gathering, no luxurious table, nothing, in such, to remind me of the Christmas of the good old times. The New Year has passed upon us, as the old one passed away. Such is the fate of the soldiers. But what else should we expect. We are not in the service to make merry and have fun. Many, very many unpleasant things have to be submitted to. These we must bear as patiently and cheerfully as possible, and recollect the cause in which we are engaged and the mighty interests, which are at stake.","An under regard for self-enjoyment has probably caused some of our reverses; our motto for the New Year should be \"Duty\".","You write in such excellent spirits that I am sure you have been enjoying yourself much. This fully compensates for my dull Christmas.","By the way, Sue, you said something in one of your letters about a very dear friend of yours who was going to pay a visit to Richmond this winter. You stated that she intended staying at Capt Miles Selden's, but did not tell me the name of the young lady. You must let me know who she is, so that I may call on her.","You must look around too, and try \u0026 find me a nice little sweet-heart by the time I pay you the visit. I can not find anyone to suit me up this way, and I understand that there are some very sweet girls in N.C.","Cousin Jimmy(?) has, I see, been giving you quite an account of my younger days - days before your were born, Sue. I have changed much since then and I daresay Jimmy would not recollect the little curly headed boy who could neither ride nor climb. I should like very much to see him \u0026 you must give my love to him. Tell him his instructions were profited by and that the pupil will almost be willing to hazard a trial of powers with his master.","I met a gentleman not long ago who told me that a cousin of mine was stationed in Raleigh. He was on duty in the Provost Marshal's Office. I did not learn his first name but suffice it must be either Jimmy(?) or his brother. If you know what cousin it is, you must tell me in your next letter.","Phil is out in east Tennessee. I heard from him a few days ago. He was very well. Have not heard from Washington lately. Give my love to Johnny \u0026 tell him not to grow so fast that I will not know him when I see him. Remember me to your Grandma, Uncle Walter, and all other members of the family. Always send love to Cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. I feel toward them much as if they were near relatives, and never shall forget the pleasant associations with Julia or the sweet little face \u0026 manners of Eliza. It seems strange to think that Eliza is now a \"?\". I can scarcely realize it, for it seems but yesterday when she used to play about our house as a mere child. Girls grow so much more rapidly than boys that I expect to find you almost a woman when I pay that visit.","Write soon, Sue, and tell me what you \u0026 Johnny are doing. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","Who directed the last two letters you sent me? I am not familiar with the handwriting. It is very pretty.","To Susan L. Hardin \n\u0026 John H. Hardin  \nElizabeth, New Jersey \nJune 19, 1865","My dear children \nI have anxiously desired, for the four last and eventful years to write to you and afford a proper manifestation of that kind interest and regard which I feel to be preeminently due to you. But my hands have been tied, and I have been denied that privilege by the intervention of causes beyond my control, and resulting most disastrously to our Southern Country, in whose desolation I have been, as you may naturally suppose, an earnest sympathizer.","The struggle in which all the energies of our dear people have been most zealously and patriotically enlisted may be regarded as now ended, and I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to begin a correspondence with you which would never have been delayed or suspended but for the distracted state of the country, necessarily interrupting all our social relations \u0026 friendly intercourse.","Since we had the happiness of seeing each other, sad changes have occurred in our respective families and gloom, amounting almost to despondency, has supervened as resulting from the desolation of our own firesides.","Within one year after the commencement of the late conflict in which your brother and my youngest son felt impelled to hazard all, in vindication of their inalienable rights, in addition to the sore privation of their society and intercourses, I have been subjected to the deepest affliction in the loss of your dear and devoted Grand-ma, as you were always pleased to call her, of whose presence and good counsel I was deprived on the 14th July 1862, since which time the world has, to me, appeared a desert, offering little inducement to a man of nearly seventy five years, to desire longer to witness its' constant fluctuations and instability.","And I regret to have learned that it has fallen also to your lot to have experienced a similar affliction in the loss of your Grandfather Lane, on which event I beg to assure you that you and your excellent Grandmother have my cordial sympathy and condolence.","You will desire to receive some information in regard to your brother, Mark Bernard, which, at this instance, I hasten to communicate, to relieve your anxiety in rogation to him. In the last battle of the army about Richmond, he was captured with a large number of Confederate officers and men attached to the command of Genl. Ewell, and they arrived in Washington City D.C. in the afternoon of that day on which the assassination of the late President, A. Lincoln took place, and but a few hours before that tragic event. The Prisoners, thus captured, were detained in the old Capitol Prison until 4o'c. in the afternoon of Monday the 16th of April, whereby an opportunity was afforded to many of his friends to see him.","Mrs. Johnston, his aunt, Doct. Johnston, his uncle Bernard and I were among those who enjoyed that privilege, and were gratified by a brief interview with him; and profited by the opportunity of furnishing such article of necessary clothing as he was then enabled to take with him and a small sum of money to supply such wants as were not likely to be gratified by the liberality of the United States' Government. After our hurried interview, the Prisoners were conducted to the cars, and were carried to Johnson's Island, (Sandusky, Ohio) where they arrived in about 48 hours, and were as comfortable situated as was consistent with their condition, deprived of their accustomed liberty.","In a few days after his arrival at that place, he wrote to me and gave the information above communicated to you; and has corresponded pretty regularly with his aunts Mrs. Johnston in Washington, and Mrs. Fowle \u0026 myself here.","His aunts have promptly supplied him with such articles of clothing as he has desired, the list of which was furnished by himself; and by a letter written by him on the 25th day of May, inst., and received by me on Monday last 29th May, the receipt of those articles is acknowledged by him, so that, as far as clothing may be necessary for his comfort, he has been abundantly supplied, according to his own declaration. A further sum of money has been also sent to him in pursuance of the privilege obtained from the authorities at Johnson's Island, and, as long as he may be detained there, every necessary attention will be given to secure his comfort.","Both his aunts and I have written to him, offering him all the consolation in our power, and we have made an earnest appeal to him to avail himself of the earliest opportunity which may be presented, and take the requisite oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, (there being none other now organized or recognized) and come again, and without longer delay, to his friends and relations. This we earnestly hope he will do, and thus place himself in a position to begin life anew, and establish himself in such position as cannot fail to ensure him success and prosperity.","Your uncle Philip B. Hooe was on the same battlefield on which it was your brother's misfortune to be captured, and in which too Genl. Corse, to whose staff Philip belonged, became also a Prisoner; but by sudden movement as Genl. Corse informs me by letter from Fort Warren, Philip was at the head of the column which escaped the fate of his comrades. I recd. from him yesterday a letter written at Lynchburg, Va. on the 25th of May, informing us that he expects to be in Richmond about this time, and hopes to be with his family in a few days. He was probably a paroled Prisoner embraced in Genl. Lee's surrender, and may thus be enabled to come home at once.","We will continue to look with ceaseless anxiety for the safe and speedy return of both our dear boys, of whose honorable deportment their friends here all feel most proud.","All the members of my family both here and in Washington are well and unite in kind regards for your dear Grandmother, Mrs. Lane, and in affectionate remembrance of you both. I sent your brother's address, which, if you wish, may enable you to write to him, if the mail communication between your residence and Sandusky, Ohio, (Johnson's Island) shall be open. \nYour anxious Grandfather, \nB. Hooe","Washington D.C. \nJune 25 1865","My dear Susan, \nYour letter of the 14th inst. was received today \u0026 it gives me great pleasure to be able to convey to you favorable news of the health of your talented and gallant brother. He reached Washington, a prisoner of war, a day or two after the surrender of Lee's army. Your Aunt Mary \u0026 myself, \u0026 also Mr. Hooe, had the pleasure of seeing him. He was quite well \u0026 in good spirits. After being detained here a day or two he was sent to Johnson's Island.","It is now about two weeks since I obtained from the President an order for his release. I have just learned that he was not released in consequence of an error in the office of the Governor General of Prisoners. They have promised to send on the order by telegraph today. While in prison he has been supplied with money \u0026 clothing.","I cannot say how much money you will be entitled to in the (?) of your father's estate. The farm was sold \u0026 a portion of the money received by the Commissioner, who has since died. I presume the whole amount of purchase money may still be collected. The house at the corner of 14 \u0026 H. Sts. was sold, under the decree of the court, to satisfy two claims against the estate; the property sold well \u0026 there remains over \u0026 above these claims between 4 \u0026 5 thousand dollars, which is still in bank \u0026 held by the court.","Besides this your grandfather interest from the proceeds of the rent of the house the sum of $900 in Washington City stock, \u0026 a small amt. has been also invested in U.S. stock, about $200 I think.","I hold also in my business $69 in Virginia funds which Mr. Hooe received on the sale of certain articles from the farm. These may earn additional sums which I cannot recall at present.","We are all well \u0026 living in Washington (?) (?) in much love to you \u0026 your brother \u0026 in kindest regards to Mrs. Lane \nMost affectionately \nYours \nW.P. Johnston","PS Mr. Hooe is well \u0026 at present living with the Geo Fowle's family at Elizabeth, New Jersey \nJ.","Elizabeth - New Jersey \nJune 29th 1865","My dear Susan, \nI hasten to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, addressed to Dr. Wm. P. Johnston of Washington, D.C. dated on the 14th inst., forwarded to me from the latter place, and received by mail of yesterday.","You will perceive by the enclosed letter, that I had written to you some time previous to the receipt of your acceptable favor, and it's transmission has been unavoidably delayed by the absence of mail facilities of which distant friends in the South have been hitherto deprived.","Having in that former letter given you a somewhat detailed account of our own family in which no changes have since occurred, it will not now be necessary that I should repeat anything then mentioned.","Dr. Johnston has informed me by his letter of yesterday that he has answered your enquiries as far as he could, and expresses the hope that your dear brother M.B.H. may arrive here as soon as your letter enclosed to me by him should reach me at this place. Such, however, is not the case, but we are in the constant expectation of having the extreme happiness of greeting his return to his family and friends after his absence of four long \u0026 anxious years.","More than two weeks have elapsed since Dr. Johnston obtained from the President an order for our dear boy's release, which, as I presume he has advised you, was by him handed to the proper officer (General Hoffman, the Commissary General of Prisoners) to be by him forwarded to the commanding officer at Johnson's Island, and it was therefore naturally and reasonably expected that he would have been immediately discharged. The delay to do so has been occasioned by some official oversight or inadvertence which a subordinate in the Commissary's Bureau has assured Dr. J. should be immediately remedied by a telegraphic dispatch from that office. You will therefore perceive the ground on which our hope and expectation of his early restoration to us are based, and we most earnestly and anxiously hope we shall be no longer doomed to disappointment.","I am not, my dear child, surprised to hear of the deplorable condition in which you have been left by the late cruel war, by which the whole Southern country has been devastated; and my most anxious desire, in which I am seconded by all the friends of your beloved father and his children, has been, and is to do all in our power for your relief, and as speedily as may be practicable, but there is reason to fear that some time will expire before the desired object can be consummated. Some two creditors of your father, being uneasy in regard to their respective claims against his estate, and being the more apprehensive of tedious delay necessarily resulting from the war, determined to institute legal proceedings for the recovery of their claims; no private arrangement could be made by any of us here, because you and your younger brother were, what is termed in the law infants, whose interests were to be guarded by the court, to which it's supervision properly belongs.","A Decree was obtained in the court at Washington for the sale of the Real Estate in that City, and from the proceeds thereof the only remaining debts due from the estate have been discharged, and a balance is left amounting to some six thousand five or six hundred dollars, which has been vested, under the direction of the Court, in United States 7/30 bonds, bearing interest, \u0026 subject to the future order of the court.","In addition to that amount, the proceeds to be derived from the sale of the farm in the country, expects to produce some $5000 or $6000, will be held subject to such disposition as the Courts may direct; we hope therefore that a sum not less that $12,000 may be realized and held subject to the future orders of the Courts in which the proceedings have been instituted, and without the knowledge or consent of myself or any of your friends in Washington or elsewhere.","We will resort to any legal and proper one and to protect the funds from confiscation or other action of the Government.","When your brother shall arrive here, he will be informed of the circumstances herein detailed, and which have not been yet communicated to him, and after taking such steps as may be deemed proper for the protection of the interest of all the children, as far as that can be effected, you shall be more particularly informed by him and by myself.","This statement is now made in justice to you all and should have been earlier communicated if I had known your address.","Your Aunt Ellen and all her family unite with me in the assurance of constant and undiminished interest in, and affection for your little brother John and yourself, and in their high regard for you dear Grandmother Lane, to whom we desire to be presented in terms of kind remembrance.","Uncertain whether there is a direct communication open to Fayetteville, this will be sent from New York via Wilmington, where your letter to Dr. J. was mailed. \nYou anxious and affectionate Grandfather \nB. Hooe","I will be very happy to hear from you, according to the date of this letter. Excuse any interlineations and omissions and make every proper allowance for the nervous writing of your Septuagenarian Grandfather, who does not now find writing as easy as he did five or six year ago. When you write tell Johnny to add a Post Script.","Washington, July 10th (1865)","My dear Sue \nI have just arrived here \u0026 have seen your letter to Dr. W.P.J. I am now attending to the business referred to in your letter. I think we can so arrange it as to secure all due us - about 11 or 12,000 dollars. It will be necessary for you \u0026 John to have a guardian appointed in North Carolina or else to come on here. To save the expense of travel, it will be much better to have, if possible, the guardian appointed in N. Carolina. If the Courts are in operation, have this done at once or let me know when it can be effected. I wish to hear immediately about this, as I will have a petition drawn up \u0026 sent in for your guardian to sign. I hope we may be able to avoid the necessity of bringing you here just at this time because we can ill afford it. Great as is my desire to see you, it is necessary for the interest of both of us to be as economical as possible just now, and I must try \u0026 establish myself in some business. I have not yet determined where to settle, but will keep you advised.","I wish your Uncle Walter or your Grandmother would write \u0026 let me know exactly how your affairs stand in N.C. Whether you \u0026 John have anything left. I supposed that you had property or money in such shape as not to have been effected by the war. Thankful we (must) be that we have all been preserved, \u0026 deplorable and heart rending as the times have been, we must look \u0026 bend our energies to the future.","When you write, address (it) care of Dr. Johnston.","Remember me kindly to you Grandma \u0026 friends. Love to John. As you see, I write in great haste \u0026 will give you more news at another time. \nEver your devoted brother \nBunny","Washington \nAug 9th (1865)","My dear Sue \nYour most welcome letter has been received and I am truly glad to hear that you are all well. I wrote to you about a month ago, and fearing irregularities of the mail, addressed the letter to care of Messrs. DeRosset \u0026 Co. Wilmington. I was exceedingly anxious to hear from you, (apprehending?) from your letter to Dr. Johnston that the family has been sorely troubled by the march of troops last spring. Your letter just received gives therefore great relief to the anxiety felt.","I told you in my last that the proceeds of sale of Alexa(ndria) property could not be gotten at first (?). The payments have not been completed \u0026 little or nothing can be done in the case until the November Court.","With regard to the funds in Washington - you and John have each have about $2300, which the court will order to be payed (sic) to your guardian.","Since writing to you, Judge Wylie has informed me that a guardian can be appointed here without the presence of John \u0026 yourself. Therefore if you choose not to have the matter deferred, I will see if the amount in the hands of the court cannot be obtained.","Phil is still your guardian in Va. \u0026 he may possibly get the money without further proceeding in the way of appointments, etc. I will not do anything until I hear from you, but let me know at once whether you wish the money sent on to you. It is at present invested in 7 3/10 bonds. See your Uncle Walter \u0026 Grandma \u0026 ask their advice.","Let me know what disposition you wish made of the money. I have written this, for fear that you and John may have immediate wants. Tell me also whether you have yet a guardian in North Carolina.","I will not be able to visit you for some time, my dear Sue, as I am yet unemployed \u0026 can not think of traveling just now. If I should be fortunate enough to get something to do, I hope to run down and see you all this fall or in the winter. Everything is so compromising, that it is enough to depress anyone. I will keep you constantly informed of my movements and hope soon to tell you that. I am no longer a gentleman of elegance \u0026 leisure.","Address all your letters for the present to care of Dr. W.P. Johnston. Your affectionate remembrances of Grandfather \u0026 the family are highly appreciated and all returning most warmly their love to you \u0026 John. Write often Sue \u0026 do not be ceremonious. Kindest regards to your grandma \u0026 family. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","I sent you 33 stamps \nWashington \nSep 7th (1865)","My dear Sue, \nI have just returned from Virginia where I have been for two weeks attending to business. Your letter has just been placed in my hands \u0026 I hasten to answer it. I have this morning written to your Uncle Walter, and I hope he will answer without delay, so that I may have the matter of business attended to at once.","Just as soon as a guardian files a proper petition for that portion of the money remaining from the estate in Washington it can be obtained. The money is invested in 7 3/10 bonds \u0026 is drawing a good interest, but if you wish it, that is need it, you can get it. It can be placed in the hands of your N. Car. guardian. We can do nothing here until we know whether you have a guardian (or can have one appointed in N.Ca.) Do have the matter attended to at once.","I have not determined what to do; will let you know as soon as I settle. I will try \u0026 go on this fall \u0026 see you. The expense of travel is all that prevents me now. I am particularly anxious about the education of Johnny. It must not be neglected.","Grandfather is in Elizabeth N. Jersey \u0026 remembers you most kindly, as do all other members of the family. I am glad to hear that you are progressing so well with your studies \u0026 that you are so much pleased with your Cousin Rosa's instruction.","I hope to be established some of these days \u0026 have a house of my own where you \u0026 I \u0026 John can take care of each other. Many days of hard work must pass before that can be however, and we must hope for the best.","I feel relieved when I know that you \u0026 John will not suffer \u0026 that you have enough money to supply wants for some time to come.","This fall we hope to get hold of the money for the Alexa(ndria) estate. Altogether then each of us will have about $5000 (five thousand) so there is at least no danger of starving.","You must be hopeful \u0026 not allow yourself to despair. Write soon \u0026 write often. It will not be long before you hear from me again.","I have written very hurriedly, for I have a number of business letters in hand which must be attended to right off. Best of love to all - \nYour devoted bro(ther) \nBunny","Elizabeth, New Jersey \nSeptember 26, 1865","My dear Susie, \nI cannot find language suitably to express the gratification I have derived from the receipt of your most acceptable letter of 5th inst. Which came to me yesterday thro' the Post Office at New York, to which I hasten to reply, to show my high appreciation of your kind remembrance of me.","If I know myself I can never cease to feel an abiding interest in, and affection for the dear children of your beloved parents, both of whom I have always regarded with the most devoted and earnest attachment. And for the sake of yourself and dear little Johnnie, as well as because of my regard for your dear deceased parents, I can never entertain any other sentiments than those of kindness and affection.","You have perceived, by the date of my former letter, that it had been written a considerable time before it was transmitted, awaiting the re-establishment of mail facilities, of which I availed myself at the earliest moment after I had been advised, thro' your letter to Dr. Johnston of Washington City, D.C. as to your address.","I congratulate you on the safety of your brother Bunnie, who passed so successfully thro' the perils to which he was always exposed for the four eventful years of his life, and that he has been restored to his family and friends in that state of health and security which leaves his capacity for future usefulness unimpaired. He is now here, and desires me to say that he has written to you some weeks ago, and addressed his letter to your uncle Walter Lane, Wilmington, N. Carolina: and at the same time he wrote also to him, as your Guardian, informing him what is required by the Courts to be done by him in order that he may receive the share of Johnnie and yourself which has been decreed by the Courts in your favor, and which, if I mistake not, amounts to something near Six thousand dollars, derived from the property in Washington and the farm in Virginia: There will be still a balance coming from the latter source, in regard to which, other proceedings in the Alexandria Court will yet be necessary: what that amount may be I am not now able to inform you.","Your uncle Walter, as Guardian for you \u0026 Johnnie should present his petition in writing to the Circuit Superior Court of Washington County in the District of Columbia, praying an order directing the money now in the First National Bank in Washington (Jay Cooke's) to be paid to him, as Guardian etc., and, in addition, he should also execute a Power of Attorney, to authorize such person as he may designate, to receive the said money. Your brother Bernard is now here, but expects to locate himself, professionally as Chemist, etc., in the City of New York. He has just been appointed by the Board of Visitors of the Military School at Lexington, in Virginia, \"Adjunct Professor of Mineralogy, Chemistry \u0026 Geology,\" which, I think, he is disinclined to accept, because of apprehension that the salaries the Institute will be enabled to pay, will be wholly inadequate, and that his prospect of success in New York is more encouraging. He may not therefore be in Washington to give the necessary attention to the collection of the money above referred to, and to avoid any further delay or difficulty about that matter, I would suggest that your Uncle Walter should come to Washington, and, in person, attend to the business. If, however, he shall decline to do so, either because it may be inconvenient for him or for any other reasons, he might give a Power of Attorney to your uncle Philip B. Hooe, who resides in Alexandria \u0026 would take pleasure in doing anything in his power to serve him or you. If your uncle shall adopt that course, he can enclose his Petition to the Court, together with the Power of Attorney, to you uncle Phil, in Alexandria.","In the losses you have sustained and the privations to which you have been subjected, you have my sincere sympathy, which is also extended to your dear Grandma, whose health I regret to hear has been injuriously affected by the trials she has had to encounter.","I am pleased to hear that you will probably be at school in Washington next winter: if so, I will have the opportunity to see you, as I think of visiting that City in December, and will perhaps pass the winter there.","Johnnie must follow your good example and write to me: it will afford me the pleasant opportunity of seeing his proficiency, as well as evince his kind remembrance of me: and you must recollect that I will be always most happy to read your letters which you can find time to write to me.","Present my kind remembrance to your dear Grandma, in which your Aunt Ellen unites.","Your uncles Bernard \u0026 Phil are in good health - the former retaining his office in the Coast Survey in Washington - and the latter has gone to establish himself in business at Alexandria, which he fears will be an uphill business. Your Aunt Mary Johnston, with the Doct. and all their children are well - Belle at home - Willie, an M.D. and resident Physician in the Hospital in New York - Bunnie has a position in Jay Cooke's Bank in Washington - Jemmie still at school and of good promise \u0026 very sprightly - and little George, the baby, rather delicate in health, about eight years old. Your aunt Ellen's health a good deal impaired; the children all well - Nannie at school, now \u0026 then only - 18 years old - Nellie, Birdie \u0026 Geo, regularly at school - \u0026 Philip Rollins, the youngest, a fine boy of four years \u0026 much fatter and spoiled, of course. I feel the compliment you pay me and am flattered by your asking for my likeness, which is cheerfully enclosed to you. It is the last I have, but cannot refuse to send it. Accept for your self \u0026 Johnnie the assurances of my constant \u0026 unchanged affection. My kind remembrance for your Grandma \u0026 all the other members of your dear mother's family. Your Grandpa, \nB. Hooe","My dear Sue, \nI have just received your letter \u0026 hasten to answer it. I am really ashamed of myself for not answering your last before this, but I have put it off from day to day in hopes of being able to write more cheerfully. Please don't stand upon ceremony with me; write whenever you can \u0026 if I don't answer promptly know that it is not because I don't think of you.","My business has improved some lately \u0026 I am in hope that it will pay next year. In that belief I have refused three very handsome offers lately. By the way, speaking of business matters, please tell your Uncle Walter that Phil Hooe wrote to him on important business some time since but has no answer. It would be well for your Uncle Walter to write to him.","I do so long for the time when I can settle down \u0026 have you and Johnny with me. Tell the boy that he must study \u0026 improve himself. I do not wish to be disappointed when I see him. And you Sue, must take care of yourself \u0026 not frolic too much at parties. I am delighted to hear at any time that you are enjoying yourself, but be careful of your health \u0026 don't always sit up or dance until morning. I am pleased to know that your representation as a house-keeper is so good. I am prodigiously fond of good bread \u0026 ginger snaps. I hope to eat some of your making one of these days. I have here a short time since Cousin Sue Hardin, her sister Cynthia, \u0026 Jimmy. The second time I called upon them, they had left the city.","Hope however to see them here again soon. It was a great pleasure to meet them.","Grandfather \u0026 Aunts Mary \u0026 Ellen, Phil, \u0026 in fact all the family, ask after you frequently. I always send love.\nI have written in great haste, my dear Sue, because I am fortunately busy, and I would not put off an answer a single moment lest it might be deferred disgracefully long. Be assured that I often think of you \u0026 Johnny \u0026 that I hope our \"brief acquaintances\" may in (?) ripen into something like affection. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nBunny","June 6th 1867","My dear Sue \nI have been so constantly on the go since I received your letter that I have really not had time to answer it in a way at all satisfactory to myself.","I shall probably remain in Alexandria for a week or two as a middle point between New York \u0026 Lexington. In the present unsettled condition of my business \u0026 the uncertainty as to the future, it is absolutely impossible for me to think of paying you a visit. You cannot be, my dear Sue, more anxious to see me than I am to see you.","I have not been since the war ended in a situation, which would admit of absence from my business. Until I feel that I am settled, it must be a positive \u0026 serious disadvantage to me to leave the busy part of the world. I have been \u0026 am endeavoring to find a place, which I can make my home. As yet I have not decided, but think it more than probable that I shall accept the chair of Chemistry at the Va Military Institute. So soon as I can possibly go south I shall go to see you. Meantime you must feel that my interest in you is unaltered and that it is only a stern necessity, which keeps us so long apart.","The invention is now in the hands of manufacturer \u0026 I do not know what will come of it. They seem very hopeful.","Grandfather is here with us. He is quite feeble with age but his health in other respects is good. He always asks (as do the whole family) most affectionately after you \u0026 sends now his love to Johnny \u0026 yourself. Rest assured\nthat you shall see me as soon as I can take \"a leave\" \u0026 that I am always your \nDevoted brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va July 28 (1867)","My dear Sue, \nI do not know which of us is the debtor, but it is a matter of small moment should it be considered worth something to wish on such a hot afternoon. Our pastor, the Rev. (William) Pendleton, deferred services on account of the offensive heat, \u0026 in reflecting over my short comings I numbered among the most prominent the infrequency of my letters to you.","You have probably heard or at least \"guessed\" that I have been appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Institute. I have accepted the position, believing it the best thing that I can do - certainly at present.","If we are not interfered with in any way (and there seems to be no possibility of it) the school promises to be a great success. I do hope that I may be able to settle down in a home at last.","I saw young Mr. Goelet in Alexa(ndria) a short time (?) \u0026 was glad to meet him \u0026 hear from you and cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. When I left them in Alexa(ndria) \u0026 Washington Grandfather, Aunt Mary \u0026 Belle were all recovering from sickness - and as I have not heard since I presume they are still recovering.","I will when the weather is not so terribly (?) (?) you (?) account of Lexington and its improvements. Remember me kindly to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 tell Johnny he is certainly old enough to write.","I enclose a photograph. When you \u0026 Johnny can have some taken send me one. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va \nNov 2, 67","My dear Sue \nI would have written sooner but I have but recently returned from a trip to N. York. Phil Hooe was married to Miss Mary Dangerfield in Alexandria on the 15th Oct. and I went on to wait on him. The Superintendent at the same time sent me to N. York on business for the Institute.","I only stayed three days in Alexandria. The wedding was a very quiet one no one being present except the members of the family. The loss of Phil will be keenly felt by Aunt Ellen who has looked almost entirely to him as a protector since the death of Mr. Fowle. He will however be so near her in the same town that she will soon become reconciled, I hope, to the new state of things.","Grandfather's health is somewhat improved though he does not seem to be entirely free from recurrences of the complaint of last summer. Bunny Johnston was not well when I left - the rest of the family in good health.","I met Will Hardin in N. York. Told him to give my love to you when he sees you \u0026 to tell you how I regretted the necessity, which kept me from seeing you.","The Institute is progressing satisfactorily. We have now 250 cadets, as many as our buildings can accommodate in their present condition. We expect to have the restoration of the barracks completed by next Spring or Summer - Give love to Johnny \u0026 your grandma \u0026 remember me to your Uncle Walter. \nYours affectionately \nBunny","Va Military Institute \nLexington Va \nDec 6th 67","Your letter has just reached me, my dear Sue, and I can scarcely express my astonishment at the news it contains. I thought from your previous letters that you were either in jest or that you were, like most girls of your age, building castles to play with in the air.","I had no idea that you were serious, and could scarcely believe it now but for the womanly and dispassionate way in which you write.","I should have been much pleased to have met Mr. McPherson.\nI am gratified to know that you are not acting hastily and that the engagement has the entire sanction of your relatives. It would give me pleasure to visit you this winter \u0026 I would like to be present at your wedding, but I do not see how I can possibly go.","Thank my little coquette of a cousin for her thoughtfulness, and tell her if she is satisfied, of course I am. She speaks very authoritatively, however, and I should like above all things to give her a little lecture on the subject.","I am glad to hear that Johnnie is improving \u0026 taking some interest in his studies.","Remember me to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 believe me yours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","V.M.I. Lexington Va \nJany 18th 1868","Why have you not written, my dear Sue? I should have made this inquiry before, but we have been so busy during the day lately with our examinations and so thoroughly worn out at night that I have really been unable to do more that to wait for an answer to my last. This answer I have anxiously look for, as you said in your letter announcing your engagement that the day for the marriage was not definitely fixed. I took it for granted that you would let me know the day appointed, for while I could not leave the Institute to be present at the wedding, yet I expected to be present with you in spirit. I suffice therefore that the wedding has been deferred. Let me know all about it.","Grandfather \u0026 all the family wrote me that they wished you much happiness, \u0026 Grandfather has written to congratulate you if he has been well enough to do so. He wrote for your address, saying that he would certainly write to you, but he has been subject to so many attacks lately, that I fear he may not have been (?) enough to do so.","I can scarcely forgive you for keeping me in such suspense \u0026 hope you will say(?) and atone for the past by writing without delay. Let me know the time fixed.","Love to your Grandma \u0026 Johnny \u0026 remembrance to your Uncle Walter - Love to cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza when you see them \u0026 tell the latter I hope to have that quarrel with her yet. \nWith best love yours affectionately \nBunny","Jany 23rd 1873","My dear Sue, \nI have been intending for some time to answer your letter which has very (?) indeed. But you know how it is as well as I can tell you everyone who has many duties \u0026 cases find it difficult to write just when he thinks of it or feel like it. I know that I am not thoughtless - I sent you some days ago one of Lauriston's pictures. I intended sending you a \"head\" which shows his face \u0026 expression better, but Mother thought the full length figure would give one who had never seen him a better idea of the child. When I have more of the \"head\" printed I will send you one also.","I am glad that you \u0026 your family are well \u0026 that Johnny is about to go to work. I wish he could have made himself a physician \u0026 established himself where he could have had a lucrative practice \u0026 made a reputation.","Still if he prefers business to practicing medicine I would not have him go against his inclination or tastes.","A wholesale Gr(ocer)y business if properly managed is a very profitable one, and even the ordinary retail business can be made to pay well.","I have not learned anything more my dear Sue about your mother's grave. As I told you, I went to Alexandria \u0026 asked everyone that I thought likely to know anything about it. I was not present at the funeral nor at that of Father. Father was buried in our little family lot, and I do not see how there could have been room for either your mother or little Fannie.","The lot is small - These lie in it. Grandfather, Grandmother, (?) Bernard, Mr. Fowle, \u0026 the children lost by Aunt Mary \u0026 Aunt Ellen. In one corner of it my Mother \u0026 little brother Lauriston \u0026 next to them our father. So little space has there that I could not erect a memorial to Father such as I wished \u0026 therefore had to place two small marble stones to mark the spot \u0026 to put the dates on the side of my mother's monument which faces his grave.\nThis is a painful subject to me as well as your self \u0026 I would not enter into such details except to make the case clear to you.","The only possible place in the lot it seems to me was in the corner next to my mother's grave, but the sexton said he did not think there was room there \u0026 he could not dig to see without removing, or endangering, my mother's monument.\nThe only person I have not yet asked about it is Aunt Mary in Washington. I will do this, and if I go on next summer will try my best to ascertain something about it. I was at little Fannie's funeral, but cannot recollect (though I have tried again \u0026 again) where she was buried. It is very strange that no one seems to know anything about the matter - but as I told you, I never had, until I wrote you a few years ago about father's death, the slightest idea that your mother was buried in Alexa(ndria). May you not after all be mistaken?","Love to your Grandma, \u0026 Johnny, remembrances to your Uncle Walter, regards to McPherson, kisses to the children \u0026 yourself. \nYours affectionately \nMBH","Clemson College, S.C. \nMay 7th 1895","Dear John \nI enclose money order for $1.23 which according to your letter is my share of taxes on Montgomery Co property for 1894 - You do not state whether state of taxation has been diminished or whether you have surrendered some of the land, or finally whether we have ceased to pay taxes in the Hill share. Please explain - Mr. Cutler (?) - Section Missing - ...to hear that you have had sickness in your family. Love to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","Clemson College S.C. \nSept 28 1897","Dear John \nWhen I wrote you last year about the tax on Montgomery Co N.C. property you said that you were just going to attend to it, but you have not written about it since - Please let me know what I owe to (?) - My last payment according to my books was May 7th 1895 $1.23.","I hope you are well. I was in Marlborough Co S.C. last spring and was surely tempted to run over \u0026 see you \u0026 Sue but found that I could not spare the time.","I am sorry we can not see something of each other \u0026 that Sue's girls \u0026 mine can not manage to exchange visits - My girls have been in Va this month. \nLove to all - \nAffectionately your brother \nM.B. Hardin","March 24 99","Dear John \nYour letter is quite a treat. Mary has been with you a long time but as you are all so good as to wish her to say until after Easter I will give my consent as I understand that Sue will come on with her. I hope Eliza will come also.\nMary has enjoyed, and is enjoying, herself greatly, and I am very glad she has had the chance of knowing you all - I only whish I could go down and bring the party back with me. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","This collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards family news. The letter includes an addition (dated April 24, 1849) from Lauriston B. Hardin.","Written from \"Battery 8, Richmond,\" Virgnia. Letter regards Civil War service and family news.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter laments separation of families caused by War and references Mark B. Hardin's situation as a prisoner of war.","When Mark B. Hardin was taken prisoner, the family swung into action to obtain his release. Dr. William P. Johnston, an uncle and a physician of some influence, wrote this letter regarding Hardin's release. The letter also mentions the status of Lauriston B. Hardin's estate, which was tied up in court prior to the Civil War.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's pending release from prison and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards family news and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin attempting to start a consulting chemist business.","Written from Alexandria, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin potentially accepting a faculty position as Professor of Chemistry at VMI.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's position at VMI and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and mentions that VMI is making progress on the restoration of war-damaged barracks.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's engagement to James Berrien MacPherson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's upcoming marriage.","Letter regards family news and explains the layout of the family burial plot.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter encloses money for Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter regards family news and Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards family news.","Written from Holy Trinity Church, Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards the Hardin Family memorial window.","Manuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Hardin Family","Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0440","/repositories/3/resources/628"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"collection_ssim":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"creator_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"creators_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1858","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1858","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20 items"],"extent_tesim":["20 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMark Bernard \"Bunny\" Hardin was born on August 14, 1838 in Alexandria, Virginia to Lauriston Bonaparte Hardin (1804-1858) and Anna Maria Hanson Hooe (1817-1845). He entered VMI on September 7, 1854 and graduated on July 4, 1858, standing first in his class. Following graduation he joined the faculty at VMI, teaching chemistry and other subjects until the beginning of the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHardin served with the 33rd and 9th Virginia Infantry Regiments and with the 18th Battalion Virginia Heavy Artillery. He was captured at Sayler's Creek, Virginia on April 6, 1865 and held at Old Capitol and Johnson's Island prisons. He was released on oath on July 3, 1865 (some records say June 27).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the War, Hardin established an analytical chemistry business in New York City, New York where he resided until July 1867. From summer 1867 to September 1890 he was a Professor of Chemistry at VMI. From September 1890 to 1910 he taught at Clemson University, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHardin married Mary Massie Payne of Warrenton, Virginia, on August 4, 1869, and the couple had eight children. He died on April 26, 1916 in Clemson, South Carolina and is buried at the Old Stone Church Cemetery, Clemson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written to Augusta Lane Hardin, Lauriston B. Hardin's second wife and Mark B. Hardin's stepmother. At the time, Mark was 11 years old and his stepmother was visiting her family in Wilmington. This letter was sent to Augusta Hardin in care of Levin Lane, Esq. (1793-1863). Mark's family was then living in Washington, D.C. where Lauriston was the Clerk and Registrar of the Department of the Navy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the time of this letter, Mark B. Hardin was serving in the Confederate Army as a Major in command of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, 18th Virginia, assigned to the defenses at Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hooe family was kin to the Hardins through the marriage of Lauriston B. Hardin to his first wife, Anna M. H. Hooe. She was Mark B. Hardin's mother. After Lauriston's (second) marriage to Augusta Lane Hardin, the children of that marriage, Susan L. Hardin and John H. Hardin, adopted the Hooes as their \"Grandparents.\" In this letter, Susan's \"Grandfather,\" Bernard Hooe (1791-1869), is writing for the first time after mail communications were established.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the time period following the Civil War, Mark B. Hardin attempted to start a business in New York City, New York in partnership with William Gilham (1818-1872). Gilham was a West Pointer (Class of 1840) and the former Commandant of Cadets at VMI during Hardin's tenure there before the War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mark Bernard \"Bunny\" Hardin was born on August 14, 1838 in Alexandria, Virginia to Lauriston Bonaparte Hardin (1804-1858) and Anna Maria Hanson Hooe (1817-1845). He entered VMI on September 7, 1854 and graduated on July 4, 1858, standing first in his class. Following graduation he joined the faculty at VMI, teaching chemistry and other subjects until the beginning of the Civil War. ","Hardin served with the 33rd and 9th Virginia Infantry Regiments and with the 18th Battalion Virginia Heavy Artillery. He was captured at Sayler's Creek, Virginia on April 6, 1865 and held at Old Capitol and Johnson's Island prisons. He was released on oath on July 3, 1865 (some records say June 27).","Following the War, Hardin established an analytical chemistry business in New York City, New York where he resided until July 1867. From summer 1867 to September 1890 he was a Professor of Chemistry at VMI. From September 1890 to 1910 he taught at Clemson University, South Carolina.","Hardin married Mary Massie Payne of Warrenton, Virginia, on August 4, 1869, and the couple had eight children. He died on April 26, 1916 in Clemson, South Carolina and is buried at the Old Stone Church Cemetery, Clemson.","This letter was written to Augusta Lane Hardin, Lauriston B. Hardin's second wife and Mark B. Hardin's stepmother. At the time, Mark was 11 years old and his stepmother was visiting her family in Wilmington. This letter was sent to Augusta Hardin in care of Levin Lane, Esq. (1793-1863). Mark's family was then living in Washington, D.C. where Lauriston was the Clerk and Registrar of the Department of the Navy.","At the time of this letter, Mark B. Hardin was serving in the Confederate Army as a Major in command of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, 18th Virginia, assigned to the defenses at Richmond, Virginia.","The Hooe family was kin to the Hardins through the marriage of Lauriston B. Hardin to his first wife, Anna M. H. Hooe. She was Mark B. Hardin's mother. After Lauriston's (second) marriage to Augusta Lane Hardin, the children of that marriage, Susan L. Hardin and John H. Hardin, adopted the Hooes as their \"Grandparents.\" In this letter, Susan's \"Grandfather,\" Bernard Hooe (1791-1869), is writing for the first time after mail communications were established.","During the time period following the Civil War, Mark B. Hardin attempted to start a business in New York City, New York in partnership with William Gilham (1818-1872). Gilham was a West Pointer (Class of 1840) and the former Commandant of Cadets at VMI during Hardin's tenure there before the War."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWashington. April 21st 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Mother\u003cbr\u003e\nAs today is a holiday I thought I would write you a few lines telling you all the news.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLast night there was a very large fire, destroying two or three houses and injuring two or three very much, - the fire began about twelve o'clock and lasted about an hour. A stable was set on fire behind those taverns near the canal, the taverns caught and burnt very badly. There were also several pigeons burnt during the fire. I went up to father's office today and spent the day with him and I had a very fine time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard that there was a very deep snow in Wilmington not long ago. We have had very bad weather too, one day it snowed and rained both.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFather has not determined to get the house near the Fraily's, but he will, if he does not get Captain Powell's near Gadsby's Hotel, he will know tomorrow whether Captain Powell will let him have his for $350 or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFather has been suffering for some time with the pain in his shoulder, but I am happy to say that he is getting a great deal better.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had two or three serenades since you have been gone. The gentlemen came in the parlor and played for almost an hour then went down the front steps and sat on the boxes and played Oh! Susannah, then they went away.\nGive my love to Your Mother and your sisters and Eddy. Miss Anna Tanney has gone to Philadelphia to take a little trip for the benefit of her health, which has been rather bad.\nAfter the cold spell we have had, it is now quite mild again.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaptain Powell's house has a great deal of nice fruit in the garden, which is a very pretty one.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd now as it is getting late I must end my letter.\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Affectionate\u003cbr\u003e\nSon\u003cbr\u003e\nM B Hardin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S.Father is going to write you a few lines. Grand Father sends his love to you and Miss Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eApl. 24, 1849\u003cbr\u003e\nI have but a moment, my dearest wife, to put a short P.S. to your son's letter. He began it on Saturday, but did not finish it till last night. The mail closes early this morning so I must necessarily be short. I was quite disappointed last evening at not receiving a letter from you. I learned, however, that there was no mail south of Petersburg, which I suppose will account for your letters' not coming, as I take if for granted it was started in due time. Well, 'most two weeks have passed since you left us; they have passed quite heavily with me, \u0026amp; I begin to feel quite anxious for the hour of meeting to arrive. I am unable to say how soon I may be able to get off, for as yet, business seems to be increasing rather than falling off; but I will be better able to judge of the prospects when I answer your letter, which I expect tonight or tomorrow. In the near time, I hope you will enjoy yourself, and not get homesick or husband-sick. I have quite recovered from my attack, or rather I feel a great deal better. The pain in my breast and shoulder has \"left for parts unknown\" and I have no cough at all; so on the (subject?) of my health you need not be uneasy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBest love to all the family. How did you enjoy the snow \u0026amp; green peas \u0026amp; perhaps strawberries?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hooe is in Alexandria, which accounts for Mr. Hooe's love coming alone. Good bye -\u003cbr\u003e\nyour devoted husband\u003cbr\u003e\nL B Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBattery 8, Richmond\u003cbr\u003e\nJan'y 3rd 1864\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI received your letter yesterday \u0026amp; was truly glad to hear from you. I should have written before, but your last letter was in some way misplaced and I did not know where to address. You say that if I do not pay you a visit soon that you will never forgive me. If you won't forgive, you'll never forget me, so I am almost determined never to go to see you. But I am sure that such a course will be unnecessary to keep me in your memory, and whenever I can make it conveniently, I shall certainly pay you the visit. Just now it will not be possible to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is true that I am allowing my soldiers to go on furlough, but I do not feel disposed to ask a leave of absence for myself. This is not my dear sister because I am not truly anxious to see you, but because I am now, \u0026amp; will be for some time, quite busy in settling up my official transactions \u0026amp; accounts for the last quarter of the old year. I have not had, Sue, a leave of absence for a single day since I have been in service, and it has become a sort of matter of pride to be able to know that I have never asked for such an indulgence. I determined when I entered the service that I would not apply for a leave unless it was upon a matter of absolute necessity, and I am sure you would not have me break through this resolution. Some of these days when I can convince myself that it is necessary to take a short respite from the duties \u0026amp; troubles of the camp, I will make it a duty, as it will always be my greatest pleasure, to run down \u0026amp; visit you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not think my dear sister, that I am forgetful, or that my affection for you is in the least diminished. I constantly think of you, and am more \u0026amp; more solicitous about you as you grow older. I look forward to the time when this direful war will cease, and anticipate the most delightful seasons of companionship with you. God grant in His Mercy \u0026amp; Providence that these anticipations may be realized.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope you had a pleasant Christmas \u0026amp; that your New Year promises to be a happy one. My Christmas was very dull. No Santa Claus, no merry faces, no big bowl of egg-nog, no family gathering, no luxurious table, nothing, in such, to remind me of the Christmas of the good old times. The New Year has passed upon us, as the old one passed away. Such is the fate of the soldiers. But what else should we expect. We are not in the service to make merry and have fun. Many, very many unpleasant things have to be submitted to. These we must bear as patiently and cheerfully as possible, and recollect the cause in which we are engaged and the mighty interests, which are at stake.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn under regard for self-enjoyment has probably caused some of our reverses; our motto for the New Year should be \"Duty\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou write in such excellent spirits that I am sure you have been enjoying yourself much. This fully compensates for my dull Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the way, Sue, you said something in one of your letters about a very dear friend of yours who was going to pay a visit to Richmond this winter. You stated that she intended staying at Capt Miles Selden's, but did not tell me the name of the young lady. You must let me know who she is, so that I may call on her.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must look around too, and try \u0026amp; find me a nice little sweet-heart by the time I pay you the visit. I can not find anyone to suit me up this way, and I understand that there are some very sweet girls in N.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Jimmy(?) has, I see, been giving you quite an account of my younger days - days before your were born, Sue. I have changed much since then and I daresay Jimmy would not recollect the little curly headed boy who could neither ride nor climb. I should like very much to see him \u0026amp; you must give my love to him. Tell him his instructions were profited by and that the pupil will almost be willing to hazard a trial of powers with his master.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI met a gentleman not long ago who told me that a cousin of mine was stationed in Raleigh. He was on duty in the Provost Marshal's Office. I did not learn his first name but suffice it must be either Jimmy(?) or his brother. If you know what cousin it is, you must tell me in your next letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhil is out in east Tennessee. I heard from him a few days ago. He was very well. Have not heard from Washington lately. Give my love to Johnny \u0026amp; tell him not to grow so fast that I will not know him when I see him. Remember me to your Grandma, Uncle Walter, and all other members of the family. Always send love to Cousins Julia \u0026amp; Eliza. I feel toward them much as if they were near relatives, and never shall forget the pleasant associations with Julia or the sweet little face \u0026amp; manners of Eliza. It seems strange to think that Eliza is now a \"?\". I can scarcely realize it, for it seems but yesterday when she used to play about our house as a mere child. Girls grow so much more rapidly than boys that I expect to find you almost a woman when I pay that visit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite soon, Sue, and tell me what you \u0026amp; Johnny are doing.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWho directed the last two letters you sent me? I am not familiar with the handwriting. It is very pretty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTo Susan L. Hardin\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026amp; John H. Hardin \u003cbr\u003e\nElizabeth, New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 19, 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear children\u003cbr\u003e\nI have anxiously desired, for the four last and eventful years to write to you and afford a proper manifestation of that kind interest and regard which I feel to be preeminently due to you. But my hands have been tied, and I have been denied that privilege by the intervention of causes beyond my control, and resulting most disastrously to our Southern Country, in whose desolation I have been, as you may naturally suppose, an earnest sympathizer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe struggle in which all the energies of our dear people have been most zealously and patriotically enlisted may be regarded as now ended, and I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to begin a correspondence with you which would never have been delayed or suspended but for the distracted state of the country, necessarily interrupting all our social relations \u0026amp; friendly intercourse.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince we had the happiness of seeing each other, sad changes have occurred in our respective families and gloom, amounting almost to despondency, has supervened as resulting from the desolation of our own firesides.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWithin one year after the commencement of the late conflict in which your brother and my youngest son felt impelled to hazard all, in vindication of their inalienable rights, in addition to the sore privation of their society and intercourses, I have been subjected to the deepest affliction in the loss of your dear and devoted Grand-ma, as you were always pleased to call her, of whose presence and good counsel I was deprived on the 14th July 1862, since which time the world has, to me, appeared a desert, offering little inducement to a man of nearly seventy five years, to desire longer to witness its' constant fluctuations and instability.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd I regret to have learned that it has fallen also to your lot to have experienced a similar affliction in the loss of your Grandfather Lane, on which event I beg to assure you that you and your excellent Grandmother have my cordial sympathy and condolence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou will desire to receive some information in regard to your brother, Mark Bernard, which, at this instance, I hasten to communicate, to relieve your anxiety in rogation to him. In the last battle of the army about Richmond, he was captured with a large number of Confederate officers and men attached to the command of Genl. Ewell, and they arrived in Washington City D.C. in the afternoon of that day on which the assassination of the late President, A. Lincoln took place, and but a few hours before that tragic event. The Prisoners, thus captured, were detained in the old Capitol Prison until 4o'c. in the afternoon of Monday the 16th of April, whereby an opportunity was afforded to many of his friends to see him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Johnston, his aunt, Doct. Johnston, his uncle Bernard and I were among those who enjoyed that privilege, and were gratified by a brief interview with him; and profited by the opportunity of furnishing such article of necessary clothing as he was then enabled to take with him and a small sum of money to supply such wants as were not likely to be gratified by the liberality of the United States' Government. After our hurried interview, the Prisoners were conducted to the cars, and were carried to Johnson's Island, (Sandusky, Ohio) where they arrived in about 48 hours, and were as comfortable situated as was consistent with their condition, deprived of their accustomed liberty.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn a few days after his arrival at that place, he wrote to me and gave the information above communicated to you; and has corresponded pretty regularly with his aunts Mrs. Johnston in Washington, and Mrs. Fowle \u0026amp; myself here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis aunts have promptly supplied him with such articles of clothing as he has desired, the list of which was furnished by himself; and by a letter written by him on the 25th day of May, inst., and received by me on Monday last 29th May, the receipt of those articles is acknowledged by him, so that, as far as clothing may be necessary for his comfort, he has been abundantly supplied, according to his own declaration. A further sum of money has been also sent to him in pursuance of the privilege obtained from the authorities at Johnson's Island, and, as long as he may be detained there, every necessary attention will be given to secure his comfort.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoth his aunts and I have written to him, offering him all the consolation in our power, and we have made an earnest appeal to him to avail himself of the earliest opportunity which may be presented, and take the requisite oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, (there being none other now organized or recognized) and come again, and without longer delay, to his friends and relations. This we earnestly hope he will do, and thus place himself in a position to begin life anew, and establish himself in such position as cannot fail to ensure him success and prosperity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour uncle Philip B. Hooe was on the same battlefield on which it was your brother's misfortune to be captured, and in which too Genl. Corse, to whose staff Philip belonged, became also a Prisoner; but by sudden movement as Genl. Corse informs me by letter from Fort Warren, Philip was at the head of the column which escaped the fate of his comrades. I recd. from him yesterday a letter written at Lynchburg, Va. on the 25th of May, informing us that he expects to be in Richmond about this time, and hopes to be with his family in a few days. He was probably a paroled Prisoner embraced in Genl. Lee's surrender, and may thus be enabled to come home at once.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe will continue to look with ceaseless anxiety for the safe and speedy return of both our dear boys, of whose honorable deportment their friends here all feel most proud.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the members of my family both here and in Washington are well and unite in kind regards for your dear Grandmother, Mrs. Lane, and in affectionate remembrance of you both. I sent your brother's address, which, if you wish, may enable you to write to him, if the mail communication between your residence and Sandusky, Ohio, (Johnson's Island) shall be open.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour anxious Grandfather,\u003cbr\u003e\nB. Hooe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington D.C.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 25 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Susan,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 14th inst. was received today \u0026amp; it gives me great pleasure to be able to convey to you favorable news of the health of your talented and gallant brother. He reached Washington, a prisoner of war, a day or two after the surrender of Lee's army. Your Aunt Mary \u0026amp; myself, \u0026amp; also Mr. Hooe, had the pleasure of seeing him. He was quite well \u0026amp; in good spirits. After being detained here a day or two he was sent to Johnson's Island.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is now about two weeks since I obtained from the President an order for his release. I have just learned that he was not released in consequence of an error in the office of the Governor General of Prisoners. They have promised to send on the order by telegraph today. While in prison he has been supplied with money \u0026amp; clothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI cannot say how much money you will be entitled to in the (?) of your father's estate. The farm was sold \u0026amp; a portion of the money received by the Commissioner, who has since died. I presume the whole amount of purchase money may still be collected. The house at the corner of 14 \u0026amp; H. Sts. was sold, under the decree of the court, to satisfy two claims against the estate; the property sold well \u0026amp; there remains over \u0026amp; above these claims between 4 \u0026amp; 5 thousand dollars, which is still in bank \u0026amp; held by the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBesides this your grandfather interest from the proceeds of the rent of the house the sum of $900 in Washington City stock, \u0026amp; a small amt. has been also invested in U.S. stock, about $200 I think.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hold also in my business $69 in Virginia funds which Mr. Hooe received on the sale of certain articles from the farm. These may earn additional sums which I cannot recall at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe are all well \u0026amp; living in Washington (?) (?) in much love to you \u0026amp; your brother \u0026amp; in kindest regards to Mrs. Lane\u003cbr\u003e\nMost affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nYours\u003cbr\u003e\nW.P. Johnston\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePS Mr. Hooe is well \u0026amp; at present living with the Geo Fowle's family at Elizabeth, New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nJ.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth - New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 29th 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Susan,\u003cbr\u003e\nI hasten to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, addressed to Dr. Wm. P. Johnston of Washington, D.C. dated on the 14th inst., forwarded to me from the latter place, and received by mail of yesterday.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou will perceive by the enclosed letter, that I had written to you some time previous to the receipt of your acceptable favor, and it's transmission has been unavoidably delayed by the absence of mail facilities of which distant friends in the South have been hitherto deprived.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaving in that former letter given you a somewhat detailed account of our own family in which no changes have since occurred, it will not now be necessary that I should repeat anything then mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Johnston has informed me by his letter of yesterday that he has answered your enquiries as far as he could, and expresses the hope that your dear brother M.B.H. may arrive here as soon as your letter enclosed to me by him should reach me at this place. Such, however, is not the case, but we are in the constant expectation of having the extreme happiness of greeting his return to his family and friends after his absence of four long \u0026amp; anxious years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMore than two weeks have elapsed since Dr. Johnston obtained from the President an order for our dear boy's release, which, as I presume he has advised you, was by him handed to the proper officer (General Hoffman, the Commissary General of Prisoners) to be by him forwarded to the commanding officer at Johnson's Island, and it was therefore naturally and reasonably expected that he would have been immediately discharged. The delay to do so has been occasioned by some official oversight or inadvertence which a subordinate in the Commissary's Bureau has assured Dr. J. should be immediately remedied by a telegraphic dispatch from that office. You will therefore perceive the ground on which our hope and expectation of his early restoration to us are based, and we most earnestly and anxiously hope we shall be no longer doomed to disappointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am not, my dear child, surprised to hear of the deplorable condition in which you have been left by the late cruel war, by which the whole Southern country has been devastated; and my most anxious desire, in which I am seconded by all the friends of your beloved father and his children, has been, and is to do all in our power for your relief, and as speedily as may be practicable, but there is reason to fear that some time will expire before the desired object can be consummated. Some two creditors of your father, being uneasy in regard to their respective claims against his estate, and being the more apprehensive of tedious delay necessarily resulting from the war, determined to institute legal proceedings for the recovery of their claims; no private arrangement could be made by any of us here, because you and your younger brother were, what is termed in the law infants, whose interests were to be guarded by the court, to which it's supervision properly belongs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA Decree was obtained in the court at Washington for the sale of the Real Estate in that City, and from the proceeds thereof the only remaining debts due from the estate have been discharged, and a balance is left amounting to some six thousand five or six hundred dollars, which has been vested, under the direction of the Court, in United States 7/30 bonds, bearing interest, \u0026amp; subject to the future order of the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to that amount, the proceeds to be derived from the sale of the farm in the country, expects to produce some $5000 or $6000, will be held subject to such disposition as the Courts may direct; we hope therefore that a sum not less that $12,000 may be realized and held subject to the future orders of the Courts in which the proceedings have been instituted, and without the knowledge or consent of myself or any of your friends in Washington or elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe will resort to any legal and proper one and to protect the funds from confiscation or other action of the Government.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen your brother shall arrive here, he will be informed of the circumstances herein detailed, and which have not been yet communicated to him, and after taking such steps as may be deemed proper for the protection of the interest of all the children, as far as that can be effected, you shall be more particularly informed by him and by myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis statement is now made in justice to you all and should have been earlier communicated if I had known your address.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt Ellen and all her family unite with me in the assurance of constant and undiminished interest in, and affection for your little brother John and yourself, and in their high regard for you dear Grandmother Lane, to whom we desire to be presented in terms of kind remembrance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUncertain whether there is a direct communication open to Fayetteville, this will be sent from New York via Wilmington, where your letter to Dr. J. was mailed.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou anxious and affectionate Grandfather\u003cbr\u003e\nB. Hooe\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will be very happy to hear from you, according to the date of this letter. Excuse any interlineations and omissions and make every proper allowance for the nervous writing of your Septuagenarian Grandfather, who does not now find writing as easy as he did five or six year ago. When you write tell Johnny to add a Post Script.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, July 10th (1865)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just arrived here \u0026amp; have seen your letter to Dr. W.P.J. I am now attending to the business referred to in your letter. I think we can so arrange it as to secure all due us - about 11 or 12,000 dollars. It will be necessary for you \u0026amp; John to have a guardian appointed in North Carolina or else to come on here. To save the expense of travel, it will be much better to have, if possible, the guardian appointed in N. Carolina. If the Courts are in operation, have this done at once or let me know when it can be effected. I wish to hear immediately about this, as I will have a petition drawn up \u0026amp; sent in for your guardian to sign. I hope we may be able to avoid the necessity of bringing you here just at this time because we can ill afford it. Great as is my desire to see you, it is necessary for the interest of both of us to be as economical as possible just now, and I must try \u0026amp; establish myself in some business. I have not yet determined where to settle, but will keep you advised.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish your Uncle Walter or your Grandmother would write \u0026amp; let me know exactly how your affairs stand in N.C. Whether you \u0026amp; John have anything left. I supposed that you had property or money in such shape as not to have been effected by the war. Thankful we (must) be that we have all been preserved, \u0026amp; deplorable and heart rending as the times have been, we must look \u0026amp; bend our energies to the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen you write, address (it) care of Dr. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me kindly to you Grandma \u0026amp; friends. Love to John. As you see, I write in great haste \u0026amp; will give you more news at another time.\u003cbr\u003e\nEver your devoted brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 9th (1865)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nYour most welcome letter has been received and I am truly glad to hear that you are all well. I wrote to you about a month ago, and fearing irregularities of the mail, addressed the letter to care of Messrs. DeRosset \u0026amp; Co. Wilmington. I was exceedingly anxious to hear from you, (apprehending?) from your letter to Dr. Johnston that the family has been sorely troubled by the march of troops last spring. Your letter just received gives therefore great relief to the anxiety felt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI told you in my last that the proceeds of sale of Alexa(ndria) property could not be gotten at first (?). The payments have not been completed \u0026amp; little or nothing can be done in the case until the November Court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith regard to the funds in Washington - you and John have each have about $2300, which the court will order to be payed (sic) to your guardian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince writing to you, Judge Wylie has informed me that a guardian can be appointed here without the presence of John \u0026amp; yourself. Therefore if you choose not to have the matter deferred, I will see if the amount in the hands of the court cannot be obtained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhil is still your guardian in Va. \u0026amp; he may possibly get the money without further proceeding in the way of appointments, etc. I will not do anything until I hear from you, but let me know at once whether you wish the money sent on to you. It is at present invested in 7 3/10 bonds. See your Uncle Walter \u0026amp; Grandma \u0026amp; ask their advice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me know what disposition you wish made of the money. I have written this, for fear that you and John may have immediate wants. Tell me also whether you have yet a guardian in North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will not be able to visit you for some time, my dear Sue, as I am yet unemployed \u0026amp; can not think of traveling just now. If I should be fortunate enough to get something to do, I hope to run down and see you all this fall or in the winter. Everything is so compromising, that it is enough to depress anyone. I will keep you constantly informed of my movements and hope soon to tell you that. I am no longer a gentleman of elegance \u0026amp; leisure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddress all your letters for the present to care of Dr. W.P. Johnston. Your affectionate remembrances of Grandfather \u0026amp; the family are highly appreciated and all returning most warmly their love to you \u0026amp; John. Write often Sue \u0026amp; do not be ceremonious. Kindest regards to your grandma \u0026amp; family.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI sent you 33 stamps\u003cbr\u003e\nWashington\u003cbr\u003e\nSep 7th (1865)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just returned from Virginia where I have been for two weeks attending to business. Your letter has just been placed in my hands \u0026amp; I hasten to answer it. I have this morning written to your Uncle Walter, and I hope he will answer without delay, so that I may have the matter of business attended to at once.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJust as soon as a guardian files a proper petition for that portion of the money remaining from the estate in Washington it can be obtained. The money is invested in 7 3/10 bonds \u0026amp; is drawing a good interest, but if you wish it, that is need it, you can get it. It can be placed in the hands of your N. Car. guardian. We can do nothing here until we know whether you have a guardian (or can have one appointed in N.Ca.) Do have the matter attended to at once.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not determined what to do; will let you know as soon as I settle. I will try \u0026amp; go on this fall \u0026amp; see you. The expense of travel is all that prevents me now. I am particularly anxious about the education of Johnny. It must not be neglected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather is in Elizabeth N. Jersey \u0026amp; remembers you most kindly, as do all other members of the family. I am glad to hear that you are progressing so well with your studies \u0026amp; that you are so much pleased with your Cousin Rosa's instruction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to be established some of these days \u0026amp; have a house of my own where you \u0026amp; I \u0026amp; John can take care of each other. Many days of hard work must pass before that can be however, and we must hope for the best.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel relieved when I know that you \u0026amp; John will not suffer \u0026amp; that you have enough money to supply wants for some time to come.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis fall we hope to get hold of the money for the Alexa(ndria) estate. Altogether then each of us will have about $5000 (five thousand) so there is at least no danger of starving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must be hopeful \u0026amp; not allow yourself to despair. Write soon \u0026amp; write often. It will not be long before you hear from me again.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have written very hurriedly, for I have a number of business letters in hand which must be attended to right off. Best of love to all -\u003cbr\u003e\nYour devoted bro(ther)\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth, New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 26, 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Susie,\u003cbr\u003e\nI cannot find language suitably to express the gratification I have derived from the receipt of your most acceptable letter of 5th inst. Which came to me yesterday thro' the Post Office at New York, to which I hasten to reply, to show my high appreciation of your kind remembrance of me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf I know myself I can never cease to feel an abiding interest in, and affection for the dear children of your beloved parents, both of whom I have always regarded with the most devoted and earnest attachment. And for the sake of yourself and dear little Johnnie, as well as because of my regard for your dear deceased parents, I can never entertain any other sentiments than those of kindness and affection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou have perceived, by the date of my former letter, that it had been written a considerable time before it was transmitted, awaiting the re-establishment of mail facilities, of which I availed myself at the earliest moment after I had been advised, thro' your letter to Dr. Johnston of Washington City, D.C. as to your address.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI congratulate you on the safety of your brother Bunnie, who passed so successfully thro' the perils to which he was always exposed for the four eventful years of his life, and that he has been restored to his family and friends in that state of health and security which leaves his capacity for future usefulness unimpaired. He is now here, and desires me to say that he has written to you some weeks ago, and addressed his letter to your uncle Walter Lane, Wilmington, N. Carolina: and at the same time he wrote also to him, as your Guardian, informing him what is required by the Courts to be done by him in order that he may receive the share of Johnnie and yourself which has been decreed by the Courts in your favor, and which, if I mistake not, amounts to something near Six thousand dollars, derived from the property in Washington and the farm in Virginia: There will be still a balance coming from the latter source, in regard to which, other proceedings in the Alexandria Court will yet be necessary: what that amount may be I am not now able to inform you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour uncle Walter, as Guardian for you \u0026amp; Johnnie should present his petition in writing to the Circuit Superior Court of Washington County in the District of Columbia, praying an order directing the money now in the First National Bank in Washington (Jay Cooke's) to be paid to him, as Guardian etc., and, in addition, he should also execute a Power of Attorney, to authorize such person as he may designate, to receive the said money. Your brother Bernard is now here, but expects to locate himself, professionally as Chemist, etc., in the City of New York. He has just been appointed by the Board of Visitors of the Military School at Lexington, in Virginia, \"Adjunct Professor of Mineralogy, Chemistry \u0026amp; Geology,\" which, I think, he is disinclined to accept, because of apprehension that the salaries the Institute will be enabled to pay, will be wholly inadequate, and that his prospect of success in New York is more encouraging. He may not therefore be in Washington to give the necessary attention to the collection of the money above referred to, and to avoid any further delay or difficulty about that matter, I would suggest that your Uncle Walter should come to Washington, and, in person, attend to the business. If, however, he shall decline to do so, either because it may be inconvenient for him or for any other reasons, he might give a Power of Attorney to your uncle Philip B. Hooe, who resides in Alexandria \u0026amp; would take pleasure in doing anything in his power to serve him or you. If your uncle shall adopt that course, he can enclose his Petition to the Court, together with the Power of Attorney, to you uncle Phil, in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the losses you have sustained and the privations to which you have been subjected, you have my sincere sympathy, which is also extended to your dear Grandma, whose health I regret to hear has been injuriously affected by the trials she has had to encounter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am pleased to hear that you will probably be at school in Washington next winter: if so, I will have the opportunity to see you, as I think of visiting that City in December, and will perhaps pass the winter there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnnie must follow your good example and write to me: it will afford me the pleasant opportunity of seeing his proficiency, as well as evince his kind remembrance of me: and you must recollect that I will be always most happy to read your letters which you can find time to write to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresent my kind remembrance to your dear Grandma, in which your Aunt Ellen unites.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour uncles Bernard \u0026amp; Phil are in good health - the former retaining his office in the Coast Survey in Washington - and the latter has gone to establish himself in business at Alexandria, which he fears will be an uphill business. Your Aunt Mary Johnston, with the Doct. and all their children are well - Belle at home - Willie, an M.D. and resident Physician in the Hospital in New York - Bunnie has a position in Jay Cooke's Bank in Washington - Jemmie still at school and of good promise \u0026amp; very sprightly - and little George, the baby, rather delicate in health, about eight years old. Your aunt Ellen's health a good deal impaired; the children all well - Nannie at school, now \u0026amp; then only - 18 years old - Nellie, Birdie \u0026amp; Geo, regularly at school - \u0026amp; Philip Rollins, the youngest, a fine boy of four years \u0026amp; much fatter and spoiled, of course. I feel the compliment you pay me and am flattered by your asking for my likeness, which is cheerfully enclosed to you. It is the last I have, but cannot refuse to send it. Accept for your self \u0026amp; Johnnie the assurances of my constant \u0026amp; unchanged affection. My kind remembrance for your Grandma \u0026amp; all the other members of your dear mother's family. Your Grandpa,\u003cbr\u003e\nB. Hooe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just received your letter \u0026amp; hasten to answer it. I am really ashamed of myself for not answering your last before this, but I have put it off from day to day in hopes of being able to write more cheerfully. Please don't stand upon ceremony with me; write whenever you can \u0026amp; if I don't answer promptly know that it is not because I don't think of you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy business has improved some lately \u0026amp; I am in hope that it will pay next year. In that belief I have refused three very handsome offers lately. By the way, speaking of business matters, please tell your Uncle Walter that Phil Hooe wrote to him on important business some time since but has no answer. It would be well for your Uncle Walter to write to him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI do so long for the time when I can settle down \u0026amp; have you and Johnny with me. Tell the boy that he must study \u0026amp; improve himself. I do not wish to be disappointed when I see him. And you Sue, must take care of yourself \u0026amp; not frolic too much at parties. I am delighted to hear at any time that you are enjoying yourself, but be careful of your health \u0026amp; don't always sit up or dance until morning. I am pleased to know that your representation as a house-keeper is so good. I am prodigiously fond of good bread \u0026amp; ginger snaps. I hope to eat some of your making one of these days. I have here a short time since Cousin Sue Hardin, her sister Cynthia, \u0026amp; Jimmy. The second time I called upon them, they had left the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHope however to see them here again soon. It was a great pleasure to meet them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather \u0026amp; Aunts Mary \u0026amp; Ellen, Phil, \u0026amp; in fact all the family, ask after you frequently. I always send love.\nI have written in great haste, my dear Sue, because I am fortunately busy, and I would not put off an answer a single moment lest it might be deferred disgracefully long. Be assured that I often think of you \u0026amp; Johnny \u0026amp; that I hope our \"brief acquaintances\" may in (?) ripen into something like affection.\u003cbr\u003e\nLove to all\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 6th 1867\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been so constantly on the go since I received your letter that I have really not had time to answer it in a way at all satisfactory to myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall probably remain in Alexandria for a week or two as a middle point between New York \u0026amp; Lexington. In the present unsettled condition of my business \u0026amp; the uncertainty as to the future, it is absolutely impossible for me to think of paying you a visit. You cannot be, my dear Sue, more anxious to see me than I am to see you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not been since the war ended in a situation, which would admit of absence from my business. Until I feel that I am settled, it must be a positive \u0026amp; serious disadvantage to me to leave the busy part of the world. I have been \u0026amp; am endeavoring to find a place, which I can make my home. As yet I have not decided, but think it more than probable that I shall accept the chair of Chemistry at the Va Military Institute. So soon as I can possibly go south I shall go to see you. Meantime you must feel that my interest in you is unaltered and that it is only a stern necessity, which keeps us so long apart.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe invention is now in the hands of manufacturer \u0026amp; I do not know what will come of it. They seem very hopeful.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather is here with us. He is quite feeble with age but his health in other respects is good. He always asks (as do the whole family) most affectionately after you \u0026amp; sends now his love to Johnny \u0026amp; yourself. Rest assured\nthat you shall see me as soon as I can take \"a leave\" \u0026amp; that I am always your\u003cbr\u003e\nDevoted brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I.\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va July 28 (1867)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI do not know which of us is the debtor, but it is a matter of small moment should it be considered worth something to wish on such a hot afternoon. Our pastor, the Rev. (William) Pendleton, deferred services on account of the offensive heat, \u0026amp; in reflecting over my short comings I numbered among the most prominent the infrequency of my letters to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou have probably heard or at least \"guessed\" that I have been appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Institute. I have accepted the position, believing it the best thing that I can do - certainly at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf we are not interfered with in any way (and there seems to be no possibility of it) the school promises to be a great success. I do hope that I may be able to settle down in a home at last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI saw young Mr. Goelet in Alexa(ndria) a short time (?) \u0026amp; was glad to meet him \u0026amp; hear from you and cousins Julia \u0026amp; Eliza. When I left them in Alexa(ndria) \u0026amp; Washington Grandfather, Aunt Mary \u0026amp; Belle were all recovering from sickness - and as I have not heard since I presume they are still recovering.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will when the weather is not so terribly (?) (?) you (?) account of Lexington and its improvements. Remember me kindly to your Grandma \u0026amp; Uncle Walter \u0026amp; tell Johnny he is certainly old enough to write.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI enclose a photograph. When you \u0026amp; Johnny can have some taken send me one.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I.\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nNov 2, 67\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI would have written sooner but I have but recently returned from a trip to N. York. Phil Hooe was married to Miss Mary Dangerfield in Alexandria on the 15th Oct. and I went on to wait on him. The Superintendent at the same time sent me to N. York on business for the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI only stayed three days in Alexandria. The wedding was a very quiet one no one being present except the members of the family. The loss of Phil will be keenly felt by Aunt Ellen who has looked almost entirely to him as a protector since the death of Mr. Fowle. He will however be so near her in the same town that she will soon become reconciled, I hope, to the new state of things.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather's health is somewhat improved though he does not seem to be entirely free from recurrences of the complaint of last summer. Bunny Johnston was not well when I left - the rest of the family in good health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI met Will Hardin in N. York. Told him to give my love to you when he sees you \u0026amp; to tell you how I regretted the necessity, which kept me from seeing you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Institute is progressing satisfactorily. We have now 250 cadets, as many as our buildings can accommodate in their present condition. We expect to have the restoration of the barracks completed by next Spring or Summer - Give love to Johnny \u0026amp; your grandma \u0026amp; remember me to your Uncle Walter.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington Va\u003cbr\u003e\nDec 6th 67\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour letter has just reached me, my dear Sue, and I can scarcely express my astonishment at the news it contains. I thought from your previous letters that you were either in jest or that you were, like most girls of your age, building castles to play with in the air.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI had no idea that you were serious, and could scarcely believe it now but for the womanly and dispassionate way in which you write.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI should have been much pleased to have met Mr. McPherson.\nI am gratified to know that you are not acting hastily and that the engagement has the entire sanction of your relatives. It would give me pleasure to visit you this winter \u0026amp; I would like to be present at your wedding, but I do not see how I can possibly go.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThank my little coquette of a cousin for her thoughtfulness, and tell her if she is satisfied, of course I am. She speaks very authoritatively, however, and I should like above all things to give her a little lecture on the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad to hear that Johnnie is improving \u0026amp; taking some interest in his studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to your Grandma \u0026amp; Uncle Walter \u0026amp; believe me yours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Lexington Va\u003cbr\u003e\nJany 18th 1868\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhy have you not written, my dear Sue? I should have made this inquiry before, but we have been so busy during the day lately with our examinations and so thoroughly worn out at night that I have really been unable to do more that to wait for an answer to my last. This answer I have anxiously look for, as you said in your letter announcing your engagement that the day for the marriage was not definitely fixed. I took it for granted that you would let me know the day appointed, for while I could not leave the Institute to be present at the wedding, yet I expected to be present with you in spirit. I suffice therefore that the wedding has been deferred. Let me know all about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather \u0026amp; all the family wrote me that they wished you much happiness, \u0026amp; Grandfather has written to congratulate you if he has been well enough to do so. He wrote for your address, saying that he would certainly write to you, but he has been subject to so many attacks lately, that I fear he may not have been (?) enough to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI can scarcely forgive you for keeping me in such suspense \u0026amp; hope you will say(?) and atone for the past by writing without delay. Let me know the time fixed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to your Grandma \u0026amp; Johnny \u0026amp; remembrance to your Uncle Walter - Love to cousins Julia \u0026amp; Eliza when you see them \u0026amp; tell the latter I hope to have that quarrel with her yet.\u003cbr\u003e\nWith best love yours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJany 23rd 1873\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been intending for some time to answer your letter which has very (?) indeed. But you know how it is as well as I can tell you everyone who has many duties \u0026amp; cases find it difficult to write just when he thinks of it or feel like it. I know that I am not thoughtless - I sent you some days ago one of Lauriston's pictures. I intended sending you a \"head\" which shows his face \u0026amp; expression better, but Mother thought the full length figure would give one who had never seen him a better idea of the child. When I have more of the \"head\" printed I will send you one also.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad that you \u0026amp; your family are well \u0026amp; that Johnny is about to go to work. I wish he could have made himself a physician \u0026amp; established himself where he could have had a lucrative practice \u0026amp; made a reputation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStill if he prefers business to practicing medicine I would not have him go against his inclination or tastes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA wholesale Gr(ocer)y business if properly managed is a very profitable one, and even the ordinary retail business can be made to pay well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not learned anything more my dear Sue about your mother's grave. As I told you, I went to Alexandria \u0026amp; asked everyone that I thought likely to know anything about it. I was not present at the funeral nor at that of Father. Father was buried in our little family lot, and I do not see how there could have been room for either your mother or little Fannie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe lot is small - These lie in it. Grandfather, Grandmother, (?) Bernard, Mr. Fowle, \u0026amp; the children lost by Aunt Mary \u0026amp; Aunt Ellen. In one corner of it my Mother \u0026amp; little brother Lauriston \u0026amp; next to them our father. So little space has there that I could not erect a memorial to Father such as I wished \u0026amp; therefore had to place two small marble stones to mark the spot \u0026amp; to put the dates on the side of my mother's monument which faces his grave.\nThis is a painful subject to me as well as your self \u0026amp; I would not enter into such details except to make the case clear to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe only possible place in the lot it seems to me was in the corner next to my mother's grave, but the sexton said he did not think there was room there \u0026amp; he could not dig to see without removing, or endangering, my mother's monument.\nThe only person I have not yet asked about it is Aunt Mary in Washington. I will do this, and if I go on next summer will try my best to ascertain something about it. I was at little Fannie's funeral, but cannot recollect (though I have tried again \u0026amp; again) where she was buried. It is very strange that no one seems to know anything about the matter - but as I told you, I never had, until I wrote you a few years ago about father's death, the slightest idea that your mother was buried in Alexa(ndria). May you not after all be mistaken?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to your Grandma, \u0026amp; Johnny, remembrances to your Uncle Walter, regards to McPherson, kisses to the children \u0026amp; yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nMBH\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClemson College, S.C.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 7th 1895\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear John\u003cbr\u003e\nI enclose money order for $1.23 which according to your letter is my share of taxes on Montgomery Co property for 1894 - You do not state whether state of taxation has been diminished or whether you have surrendered some of the land, or finally whether we have ceased to pay taxes in the Hill share. Please explain - Mr. Cutler (?) - Section Missing - ...to hear that you have had sickness in your family. Love to all\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClemson College S.C.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 28 1897\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear John\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen I wrote you last year about the tax on Montgomery Co N.C. property you said that you were just going to attend to it, but you have not written about it since - Please let me know what I owe to (?) - My last payment according to my books was May 7th 1895 $1.23.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope you are well. I was in Marlborough Co S.C. last spring and was surely tempted to run over \u0026amp; see you \u0026amp; Sue but found that I could not spare the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry we can not see something of each other \u0026amp; that Sue's girls \u0026amp; mine can not manage to exchange visits - My girls have been in Va this month.\u003cbr\u003e\nLove to all -\u003cbr\u003e\nAffectionately your brother\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 24 99\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear John\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter is quite a treat. Mary has been with you a long time but as you are all so good as to wish her to say until after Easter I will give my consent as I understand that Sue will come on with her. I hope Eliza will come also.\nMary has enjoyed, and is enjoying, herself greatly, and I am very glad she has had the chance of knowing you all - I only whish I could go down and bring the party back with me.\u003cbr\u003e\nLove to all\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","General","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Washington. April 21st 1849","My dear Mother \nAs today is a holiday I thought I would write you a few lines telling you all the news.","Last night there was a very large fire, destroying two or three houses and injuring two or three very much, - the fire began about twelve o'clock and lasted about an hour. A stable was set on fire behind those taverns near the canal, the taverns caught and burnt very badly. There were also several pigeons burnt during the fire. I went up to father's office today and spent the day with him and I had a very fine time.","I heard that there was a very deep snow in Wilmington not long ago. We have had very bad weather too, one day it snowed and rained both.","Father has not determined to get the house near the Fraily's, but he will, if he does not get Captain Powell's near Gadsby's Hotel, he will know tomorrow whether Captain Powell will let him have his for $350 or not.","Father has been suffering for some time with the pain in his shoulder, but I am happy to say that he is getting a great deal better.","We have had two or three serenades since you have been gone. The gentlemen came in the parlor and played for almost an hour then went down the front steps and sat on the boxes and played Oh! Susannah, then they went away.\nGive my love to Your Mother and your sisters and Eddy. Miss Anna Tanney has gone to Philadelphia to take a little trip for the benefit of her health, which has been rather bad.\nAfter the cold spell we have had, it is now quite mild again.","Captain Powell's house has a great deal of nice fruit in the garden, which is a very pretty one.","And now as it is getting late I must end my letter. \nFrom \nYour Affectionate \nSon \nM B Hardin","P.S.Father is going to write you a few lines. Grand Father sends his love to you and Miss Virginia.","Apl. 24, 1849 \nI have but a moment, my dearest wife, to put a short P.S. to your son's letter. He began it on Saturday, but did not finish it till last night. The mail closes early this morning so I must necessarily be short. I was quite disappointed last evening at not receiving a letter from you. I learned, however, that there was no mail south of Petersburg, which I suppose will account for your letters' not coming, as I take if for granted it was started in due time. Well, 'most two weeks have passed since you left us; they have passed quite heavily with me, \u0026 I begin to feel quite anxious for the hour of meeting to arrive. I am unable to say how soon I may be able to get off, for as yet, business seems to be increasing rather than falling off; but I will be better able to judge of the prospects when I answer your letter, which I expect tonight or tomorrow. In the near time, I hope you will enjoy yourself, and not get homesick or husband-sick. I have quite recovered from my attack, or rather I feel a great deal better. The pain in my breast and shoulder has \"left for parts unknown\" and I have no cough at all; so on the (subject?) of my health you need not be uneasy.","Best love to all the family. How did you enjoy the snow \u0026 green peas \u0026 perhaps strawberries?","Mr. Hooe is in Alexandria, which accounts for Mr. Hooe's love coming alone. Good bye - \nyour devoted husband \nL B Hardin","Battery 8, Richmond \nJan'y 3rd 1864","Dear Sue \nI received your letter yesterday \u0026 was truly glad to hear from you. I should have written before, but your last letter was in some way misplaced and I did not know where to address. You say that if I do not pay you a visit soon that you will never forgive me. If you won't forgive, you'll never forget me, so I am almost determined never to go to see you. But I am sure that such a course will be unnecessary to keep me in your memory, and whenever I can make it conveniently, I shall certainly pay you the visit. Just now it will not be possible to do so.","It is true that I am allowing my soldiers to go on furlough, but I do not feel disposed to ask a leave of absence for myself. This is not my dear sister because I am not truly anxious to see you, but because I am now, \u0026 will be for some time, quite busy in settling up my official transactions \u0026 accounts for the last quarter of the old year. I have not had, Sue, a leave of absence for a single day since I have been in service, and it has become a sort of matter of pride to be able to know that I have never asked for such an indulgence. I determined when I entered the service that I would not apply for a leave unless it was upon a matter of absolute necessity, and I am sure you would not have me break through this resolution. Some of these days when I can convince myself that it is necessary to take a short respite from the duties \u0026 troubles of the camp, I will make it a duty, as it will always be my greatest pleasure, to run down \u0026 visit you.","Do not think my dear sister, that I am forgetful, or that my affection for you is in the least diminished. I constantly think of you, and am more \u0026 more solicitous about you as you grow older. I look forward to the time when this direful war will cease, and anticipate the most delightful seasons of companionship with you. God grant in His Mercy \u0026 Providence that these anticipations may be realized.","I hope you had a pleasant Christmas \u0026 that your New Year promises to be a happy one. My Christmas was very dull. No Santa Claus, no merry faces, no big bowl of egg-nog, no family gathering, no luxurious table, nothing, in such, to remind me of the Christmas of the good old times. The New Year has passed upon us, as the old one passed away. Such is the fate of the soldiers. But what else should we expect. We are not in the service to make merry and have fun. Many, very many unpleasant things have to be submitted to. These we must bear as patiently and cheerfully as possible, and recollect the cause in which we are engaged and the mighty interests, which are at stake.","An under regard for self-enjoyment has probably caused some of our reverses; our motto for the New Year should be \"Duty\".","You write in such excellent spirits that I am sure you have been enjoying yourself much. This fully compensates for my dull Christmas.","By the way, Sue, you said something in one of your letters about a very dear friend of yours who was going to pay a visit to Richmond this winter. You stated that she intended staying at Capt Miles Selden's, but did not tell me the name of the young lady. You must let me know who she is, so that I may call on her.","You must look around too, and try \u0026 find me a nice little sweet-heart by the time I pay you the visit. I can not find anyone to suit me up this way, and I understand that there are some very sweet girls in N.C.","Cousin Jimmy(?) has, I see, been giving you quite an account of my younger days - days before your were born, Sue. I have changed much since then and I daresay Jimmy would not recollect the little curly headed boy who could neither ride nor climb. I should like very much to see him \u0026 you must give my love to him. Tell him his instructions were profited by and that the pupil will almost be willing to hazard a trial of powers with his master.","I met a gentleman not long ago who told me that a cousin of mine was stationed in Raleigh. He was on duty in the Provost Marshal's Office. I did not learn his first name but suffice it must be either Jimmy(?) or his brother. If you know what cousin it is, you must tell me in your next letter.","Phil is out in east Tennessee. I heard from him a few days ago. He was very well. Have not heard from Washington lately. Give my love to Johnny \u0026 tell him not to grow so fast that I will not know him when I see him. Remember me to your Grandma, Uncle Walter, and all other members of the family. Always send love to Cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. I feel toward them much as if they were near relatives, and never shall forget the pleasant associations with Julia or the sweet little face \u0026 manners of Eliza. It seems strange to think that Eliza is now a \"?\". I can scarcely realize it, for it seems but yesterday when she used to play about our house as a mere child. Girls grow so much more rapidly than boys that I expect to find you almost a woman when I pay that visit.","Write soon, Sue, and tell me what you \u0026 Johnny are doing. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","Who directed the last two letters you sent me? I am not familiar with the handwriting. It is very pretty.","To Susan L. Hardin \n\u0026 John H. Hardin  \nElizabeth, New Jersey \nJune 19, 1865","My dear children \nI have anxiously desired, for the four last and eventful years to write to you and afford a proper manifestation of that kind interest and regard which I feel to be preeminently due to you. But my hands have been tied, and I have been denied that privilege by the intervention of causes beyond my control, and resulting most disastrously to our Southern Country, in whose desolation I have been, as you may naturally suppose, an earnest sympathizer.","The struggle in which all the energies of our dear people have been most zealously and patriotically enlisted may be regarded as now ended, and I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to begin a correspondence with you which would never have been delayed or suspended but for the distracted state of the country, necessarily interrupting all our social relations \u0026 friendly intercourse.","Since we had the happiness of seeing each other, sad changes have occurred in our respective families and gloom, amounting almost to despondency, has supervened as resulting from the desolation of our own firesides.","Within one year after the commencement of the late conflict in which your brother and my youngest son felt impelled to hazard all, in vindication of their inalienable rights, in addition to the sore privation of their society and intercourses, I have been subjected to the deepest affliction in the loss of your dear and devoted Grand-ma, as you were always pleased to call her, of whose presence and good counsel I was deprived on the 14th July 1862, since which time the world has, to me, appeared a desert, offering little inducement to a man of nearly seventy five years, to desire longer to witness its' constant fluctuations and instability.","And I regret to have learned that it has fallen also to your lot to have experienced a similar affliction in the loss of your Grandfather Lane, on which event I beg to assure you that you and your excellent Grandmother have my cordial sympathy and condolence.","You will desire to receive some information in regard to your brother, Mark Bernard, which, at this instance, I hasten to communicate, to relieve your anxiety in rogation to him. In the last battle of the army about Richmond, he was captured with a large number of Confederate officers and men attached to the command of Genl. Ewell, and they arrived in Washington City D.C. in the afternoon of that day on which the assassination of the late President, A. Lincoln took place, and but a few hours before that tragic event. The Prisoners, thus captured, were detained in the old Capitol Prison until 4o'c. in the afternoon of Monday the 16th of April, whereby an opportunity was afforded to many of his friends to see him.","Mrs. Johnston, his aunt, Doct. Johnston, his uncle Bernard and I were among those who enjoyed that privilege, and were gratified by a brief interview with him; and profited by the opportunity of furnishing such article of necessary clothing as he was then enabled to take with him and a small sum of money to supply such wants as were not likely to be gratified by the liberality of the United States' Government. After our hurried interview, the Prisoners were conducted to the cars, and were carried to Johnson's Island, (Sandusky, Ohio) where they arrived in about 48 hours, and were as comfortable situated as was consistent with their condition, deprived of their accustomed liberty.","In a few days after his arrival at that place, he wrote to me and gave the information above communicated to you; and has corresponded pretty regularly with his aunts Mrs. Johnston in Washington, and Mrs. Fowle \u0026 myself here.","His aunts have promptly supplied him with such articles of clothing as he has desired, the list of which was furnished by himself; and by a letter written by him on the 25th day of May, inst., and received by me on Monday last 29th May, the receipt of those articles is acknowledged by him, so that, as far as clothing may be necessary for his comfort, he has been abundantly supplied, according to his own declaration. A further sum of money has been also sent to him in pursuance of the privilege obtained from the authorities at Johnson's Island, and, as long as he may be detained there, every necessary attention will be given to secure his comfort.","Both his aunts and I have written to him, offering him all the consolation in our power, and we have made an earnest appeal to him to avail himself of the earliest opportunity which may be presented, and take the requisite oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, (there being none other now organized or recognized) and come again, and without longer delay, to his friends and relations. This we earnestly hope he will do, and thus place himself in a position to begin life anew, and establish himself in such position as cannot fail to ensure him success and prosperity.","Your uncle Philip B. Hooe was on the same battlefield on which it was your brother's misfortune to be captured, and in which too Genl. Corse, to whose staff Philip belonged, became also a Prisoner; but by sudden movement as Genl. Corse informs me by letter from Fort Warren, Philip was at the head of the column which escaped the fate of his comrades. I recd. from him yesterday a letter written at Lynchburg, Va. on the 25th of May, informing us that he expects to be in Richmond about this time, and hopes to be with his family in a few days. He was probably a paroled Prisoner embraced in Genl. Lee's surrender, and may thus be enabled to come home at once.","We will continue to look with ceaseless anxiety for the safe and speedy return of both our dear boys, of whose honorable deportment their friends here all feel most proud.","All the members of my family both here and in Washington are well and unite in kind regards for your dear Grandmother, Mrs. Lane, and in affectionate remembrance of you both. I sent your brother's address, which, if you wish, may enable you to write to him, if the mail communication between your residence and Sandusky, Ohio, (Johnson's Island) shall be open. \nYour anxious Grandfather, \nB. Hooe","Washington D.C. \nJune 25 1865","My dear Susan, \nYour letter of the 14th inst. was received today \u0026 it gives me great pleasure to be able to convey to you favorable news of the health of your talented and gallant brother. He reached Washington, a prisoner of war, a day or two after the surrender of Lee's army. Your Aunt Mary \u0026 myself, \u0026 also Mr. Hooe, had the pleasure of seeing him. He was quite well \u0026 in good spirits. After being detained here a day or two he was sent to Johnson's Island.","It is now about two weeks since I obtained from the President an order for his release. I have just learned that he was not released in consequence of an error in the office of the Governor General of Prisoners. They have promised to send on the order by telegraph today. While in prison he has been supplied with money \u0026 clothing.","I cannot say how much money you will be entitled to in the (?) of your father's estate. The farm was sold \u0026 a portion of the money received by the Commissioner, who has since died. I presume the whole amount of purchase money may still be collected. The house at the corner of 14 \u0026 H. Sts. was sold, under the decree of the court, to satisfy two claims against the estate; the property sold well \u0026 there remains over \u0026 above these claims between 4 \u0026 5 thousand dollars, which is still in bank \u0026 held by the court.","Besides this your grandfather interest from the proceeds of the rent of the house the sum of $900 in Washington City stock, \u0026 a small amt. has been also invested in U.S. stock, about $200 I think.","I hold also in my business $69 in Virginia funds which Mr. Hooe received on the sale of certain articles from the farm. These may earn additional sums which I cannot recall at present.","We are all well \u0026 living in Washington (?) (?) in much love to you \u0026 your brother \u0026 in kindest regards to Mrs. Lane \nMost affectionately \nYours \nW.P. Johnston","PS Mr. Hooe is well \u0026 at present living with the Geo Fowle's family at Elizabeth, New Jersey \nJ.","Elizabeth - New Jersey \nJune 29th 1865","My dear Susan, \nI hasten to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, addressed to Dr. Wm. P. Johnston of Washington, D.C. dated on the 14th inst., forwarded to me from the latter place, and received by mail of yesterday.","You will perceive by the enclosed letter, that I had written to you some time previous to the receipt of your acceptable favor, and it's transmission has been unavoidably delayed by the absence of mail facilities of which distant friends in the South have been hitherto deprived.","Having in that former letter given you a somewhat detailed account of our own family in which no changes have since occurred, it will not now be necessary that I should repeat anything then mentioned.","Dr. Johnston has informed me by his letter of yesterday that he has answered your enquiries as far as he could, and expresses the hope that your dear brother M.B.H. may arrive here as soon as your letter enclosed to me by him should reach me at this place. Such, however, is not the case, but we are in the constant expectation of having the extreme happiness of greeting his return to his family and friends after his absence of four long \u0026 anxious years.","More than two weeks have elapsed since Dr. Johnston obtained from the President an order for our dear boy's release, which, as I presume he has advised you, was by him handed to the proper officer (General Hoffman, the Commissary General of Prisoners) to be by him forwarded to the commanding officer at Johnson's Island, and it was therefore naturally and reasonably expected that he would have been immediately discharged. The delay to do so has been occasioned by some official oversight or inadvertence which a subordinate in the Commissary's Bureau has assured Dr. J. should be immediately remedied by a telegraphic dispatch from that office. You will therefore perceive the ground on which our hope and expectation of his early restoration to us are based, and we most earnestly and anxiously hope we shall be no longer doomed to disappointment.","I am not, my dear child, surprised to hear of the deplorable condition in which you have been left by the late cruel war, by which the whole Southern country has been devastated; and my most anxious desire, in which I am seconded by all the friends of your beloved father and his children, has been, and is to do all in our power for your relief, and as speedily as may be practicable, but there is reason to fear that some time will expire before the desired object can be consummated. Some two creditors of your father, being uneasy in regard to their respective claims against his estate, and being the more apprehensive of tedious delay necessarily resulting from the war, determined to institute legal proceedings for the recovery of their claims; no private arrangement could be made by any of us here, because you and your younger brother were, what is termed in the law infants, whose interests were to be guarded by the court, to which it's supervision properly belongs.","A Decree was obtained in the court at Washington for the sale of the Real Estate in that City, and from the proceeds thereof the only remaining debts due from the estate have been discharged, and a balance is left amounting to some six thousand five or six hundred dollars, which has been vested, under the direction of the Court, in United States 7/30 bonds, bearing interest, \u0026 subject to the future order of the court.","In addition to that amount, the proceeds to be derived from the sale of the farm in the country, expects to produce some $5000 or $6000, will be held subject to such disposition as the Courts may direct; we hope therefore that a sum not less that $12,000 may be realized and held subject to the future orders of the Courts in which the proceedings have been instituted, and without the knowledge or consent of myself or any of your friends in Washington or elsewhere.","We will resort to any legal and proper one and to protect the funds from confiscation or other action of the Government.","When your brother shall arrive here, he will be informed of the circumstances herein detailed, and which have not been yet communicated to him, and after taking such steps as may be deemed proper for the protection of the interest of all the children, as far as that can be effected, you shall be more particularly informed by him and by myself.","This statement is now made in justice to you all and should have been earlier communicated if I had known your address.","Your Aunt Ellen and all her family unite with me in the assurance of constant and undiminished interest in, and affection for your little brother John and yourself, and in their high regard for you dear Grandmother Lane, to whom we desire to be presented in terms of kind remembrance.","Uncertain whether there is a direct communication open to Fayetteville, this will be sent from New York via Wilmington, where your letter to Dr. J. was mailed. \nYou anxious and affectionate Grandfather \nB. Hooe","I will be very happy to hear from you, according to the date of this letter. Excuse any interlineations and omissions and make every proper allowance for the nervous writing of your Septuagenarian Grandfather, who does not now find writing as easy as he did five or six year ago. When you write tell Johnny to add a Post Script.","Washington, July 10th (1865)","My dear Sue \nI have just arrived here \u0026 have seen your letter to Dr. W.P.J. I am now attending to the business referred to in your letter. I think we can so arrange it as to secure all due us - about 11 or 12,000 dollars. It will be necessary for you \u0026 John to have a guardian appointed in North Carolina or else to come on here. To save the expense of travel, it will be much better to have, if possible, the guardian appointed in N. Carolina. If the Courts are in operation, have this done at once or let me know when it can be effected. I wish to hear immediately about this, as I will have a petition drawn up \u0026 sent in for your guardian to sign. I hope we may be able to avoid the necessity of bringing you here just at this time because we can ill afford it. Great as is my desire to see you, it is necessary for the interest of both of us to be as economical as possible just now, and I must try \u0026 establish myself in some business. I have not yet determined where to settle, but will keep you advised.","I wish your Uncle Walter or your Grandmother would write \u0026 let me know exactly how your affairs stand in N.C. Whether you \u0026 John have anything left. I supposed that you had property or money in such shape as not to have been effected by the war. Thankful we (must) be that we have all been preserved, \u0026 deplorable and heart rending as the times have been, we must look \u0026 bend our energies to the future.","When you write, address (it) care of Dr. Johnston.","Remember me kindly to you Grandma \u0026 friends. Love to John. As you see, I write in great haste \u0026 will give you more news at another time. \nEver your devoted brother \nBunny","Washington \nAug 9th (1865)","My dear Sue \nYour most welcome letter has been received and I am truly glad to hear that you are all well. I wrote to you about a month ago, and fearing irregularities of the mail, addressed the letter to care of Messrs. DeRosset \u0026 Co. Wilmington. I was exceedingly anxious to hear from you, (apprehending?) from your letter to Dr. Johnston that the family has been sorely troubled by the march of troops last spring. Your letter just received gives therefore great relief to the anxiety felt.","I told you in my last that the proceeds of sale of Alexa(ndria) property could not be gotten at first (?). The payments have not been completed \u0026 little or nothing can be done in the case until the November Court.","With regard to the funds in Washington - you and John have each have about $2300, which the court will order to be payed (sic) to your guardian.","Since writing to you, Judge Wylie has informed me that a guardian can be appointed here without the presence of John \u0026 yourself. Therefore if you choose not to have the matter deferred, I will see if the amount in the hands of the court cannot be obtained.","Phil is still your guardian in Va. \u0026 he may possibly get the money without further proceeding in the way of appointments, etc. I will not do anything until I hear from you, but let me know at once whether you wish the money sent on to you. It is at present invested in 7 3/10 bonds. See your Uncle Walter \u0026 Grandma \u0026 ask their advice.","Let me know what disposition you wish made of the money. I have written this, for fear that you and John may have immediate wants. Tell me also whether you have yet a guardian in North Carolina.","I will not be able to visit you for some time, my dear Sue, as I am yet unemployed \u0026 can not think of traveling just now. If I should be fortunate enough to get something to do, I hope to run down and see you all this fall or in the winter. Everything is so compromising, that it is enough to depress anyone. I will keep you constantly informed of my movements and hope soon to tell you that. I am no longer a gentleman of elegance \u0026 leisure.","Address all your letters for the present to care of Dr. W.P. Johnston. Your affectionate remembrances of Grandfather \u0026 the family are highly appreciated and all returning most warmly their love to you \u0026 John. Write often Sue \u0026 do not be ceremonious. Kindest regards to your grandma \u0026 family. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","I sent you 33 stamps \nWashington \nSep 7th (1865)","My dear Sue, \nI have just returned from Virginia where I have been for two weeks attending to business. Your letter has just been placed in my hands \u0026 I hasten to answer it. I have this morning written to your Uncle Walter, and I hope he will answer without delay, so that I may have the matter of business attended to at once.","Just as soon as a guardian files a proper petition for that portion of the money remaining from the estate in Washington it can be obtained. The money is invested in 7 3/10 bonds \u0026 is drawing a good interest, but if you wish it, that is need it, you can get it. It can be placed in the hands of your N. Car. guardian. We can do nothing here until we know whether you have a guardian (or can have one appointed in N.Ca.) Do have the matter attended to at once.","I have not determined what to do; will let you know as soon as I settle. I will try \u0026 go on this fall \u0026 see you. The expense of travel is all that prevents me now. I am particularly anxious about the education of Johnny. It must not be neglected.","Grandfather is in Elizabeth N. Jersey \u0026 remembers you most kindly, as do all other members of the family. I am glad to hear that you are progressing so well with your studies \u0026 that you are so much pleased with your Cousin Rosa's instruction.","I hope to be established some of these days \u0026 have a house of my own where you \u0026 I \u0026 John can take care of each other. Many days of hard work must pass before that can be however, and we must hope for the best.","I feel relieved when I know that you \u0026 John will not suffer \u0026 that you have enough money to supply wants for some time to come.","This fall we hope to get hold of the money for the Alexa(ndria) estate. Altogether then each of us will have about $5000 (five thousand) so there is at least no danger of starving.","You must be hopeful \u0026 not allow yourself to despair. Write soon \u0026 write often. It will not be long before you hear from me again.","I have written very hurriedly, for I have a number of business letters in hand which must be attended to right off. Best of love to all - \nYour devoted bro(ther) \nBunny","Elizabeth, New Jersey \nSeptember 26, 1865","My dear Susie, \nI cannot find language suitably to express the gratification I have derived from the receipt of your most acceptable letter of 5th inst. Which came to me yesterday thro' the Post Office at New York, to which I hasten to reply, to show my high appreciation of your kind remembrance of me.","If I know myself I can never cease to feel an abiding interest in, and affection for the dear children of your beloved parents, both of whom I have always regarded with the most devoted and earnest attachment. And for the sake of yourself and dear little Johnnie, as well as because of my regard for your dear deceased parents, I can never entertain any other sentiments than those of kindness and affection.","You have perceived, by the date of my former letter, that it had been written a considerable time before it was transmitted, awaiting the re-establishment of mail facilities, of which I availed myself at the earliest moment after I had been advised, thro' your letter to Dr. Johnston of Washington City, D.C. as to your address.","I congratulate you on the safety of your brother Bunnie, who passed so successfully thro' the perils to which he was always exposed for the four eventful years of his life, and that he has been restored to his family and friends in that state of health and security which leaves his capacity for future usefulness unimpaired. He is now here, and desires me to say that he has written to you some weeks ago, and addressed his letter to your uncle Walter Lane, Wilmington, N. Carolina: and at the same time he wrote also to him, as your Guardian, informing him what is required by the Courts to be done by him in order that he may receive the share of Johnnie and yourself which has been decreed by the Courts in your favor, and which, if I mistake not, amounts to something near Six thousand dollars, derived from the property in Washington and the farm in Virginia: There will be still a balance coming from the latter source, in regard to which, other proceedings in the Alexandria Court will yet be necessary: what that amount may be I am not now able to inform you.","Your uncle Walter, as Guardian for you \u0026 Johnnie should present his petition in writing to the Circuit Superior Court of Washington County in the District of Columbia, praying an order directing the money now in the First National Bank in Washington (Jay Cooke's) to be paid to him, as Guardian etc., and, in addition, he should also execute a Power of Attorney, to authorize such person as he may designate, to receive the said money. Your brother Bernard is now here, but expects to locate himself, professionally as Chemist, etc., in the City of New York. He has just been appointed by the Board of Visitors of the Military School at Lexington, in Virginia, \"Adjunct Professor of Mineralogy, Chemistry \u0026 Geology,\" which, I think, he is disinclined to accept, because of apprehension that the salaries the Institute will be enabled to pay, will be wholly inadequate, and that his prospect of success in New York is more encouraging. He may not therefore be in Washington to give the necessary attention to the collection of the money above referred to, and to avoid any further delay or difficulty about that matter, I would suggest that your Uncle Walter should come to Washington, and, in person, attend to the business. If, however, he shall decline to do so, either because it may be inconvenient for him or for any other reasons, he might give a Power of Attorney to your uncle Philip B. Hooe, who resides in Alexandria \u0026 would take pleasure in doing anything in his power to serve him or you. If your uncle shall adopt that course, he can enclose his Petition to the Court, together with the Power of Attorney, to you uncle Phil, in Alexandria.","In the losses you have sustained and the privations to which you have been subjected, you have my sincere sympathy, which is also extended to your dear Grandma, whose health I regret to hear has been injuriously affected by the trials she has had to encounter.","I am pleased to hear that you will probably be at school in Washington next winter: if so, I will have the opportunity to see you, as I think of visiting that City in December, and will perhaps pass the winter there.","Johnnie must follow your good example and write to me: it will afford me the pleasant opportunity of seeing his proficiency, as well as evince his kind remembrance of me: and you must recollect that I will be always most happy to read your letters which you can find time to write to me.","Present my kind remembrance to your dear Grandma, in which your Aunt Ellen unites.","Your uncles Bernard \u0026 Phil are in good health - the former retaining his office in the Coast Survey in Washington - and the latter has gone to establish himself in business at Alexandria, which he fears will be an uphill business. Your Aunt Mary Johnston, with the Doct. and all their children are well - Belle at home - Willie, an M.D. and resident Physician in the Hospital in New York - Bunnie has a position in Jay Cooke's Bank in Washington - Jemmie still at school and of good promise \u0026 very sprightly - and little George, the baby, rather delicate in health, about eight years old. Your aunt Ellen's health a good deal impaired; the children all well - Nannie at school, now \u0026 then only - 18 years old - Nellie, Birdie \u0026 Geo, regularly at school - \u0026 Philip Rollins, the youngest, a fine boy of four years \u0026 much fatter and spoiled, of course. I feel the compliment you pay me and am flattered by your asking for my likeness, which is cheerfully enclosed to you. It is the last I have, but cannot refuse to send it. Accept for your self \u0026 Johnnie the assurances of my constant \u0026 unchanged affection. My kind remembrance for your Grandma \u0026 all the other members of your dear mother's family. Your Grandpa, \nB. Hooe","My dear Sue, \nI have just received your letter \u0026 hasten to answer it. I am really ashamed of myself for not answering your last before this, but I have put it off from day to day in hopes of being able to write more cheerfully. Please don't stand upon ceremony with me; write whenever you can \u0026 if I don't answer promptly know that it is not because I don't think of you.","My business has improved some lately \u0026 I am in hope that it will pay next year. In that belief I have refused three very handsome offers lately. By the way, speaking of business matters, please tell your Uncle Walter that Phil Hooe wrote to him on important business some time since but has no answer. It would be well for your Uncle Walter to write to him.","I do so long for the time when I can settle down \u0026 have you and Johnny with me. Tell the boy that he must study \u0026 improve himself. I do not wish to be disappointed when I see him. And you Sue, must take care of yourself \u0026 not frolic too much at parties. I am delighted to hear at any time that you are enjoying yourself, but be careful of your health \u0026 don't always sit up or dance until morning. I am pleased to know that your representation as a house-keeper is so good. I am prodigiously fond of good bread \u0026 ginger snaps. I hope to eat some of your making one of these days. I have here a short time since Cousin Sue Hardin, her sister Cynthia, \u0026 Jimmy. The second time I called upon them, they had left the city.","Hope however to see them here again soon. It was a great pleasure to meet them.","Grandfather \u0026 Aunts Mary \u0026 Ellen, Phil, \u0026 in fact all the family, ask after you frequently. I always send love.\nI have written in great haste, my dear Sue, because I am fortunately busy, and I would not put off an answer a single moment lest it might be deferred disgracefully long. Be assured that I often think of you \u0026 Johnny \u0026 that I hope our \"brief acquaintances\" may in (?) ripen into something like affection. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nBunny","June 6th 1867","My dear Sue \nI have been so constantly on the go since I received your letter that I have really not had time to answer it in a way at all satisfactory to myself.","I shall probably remain in Alexandria for a week or two as a middle point between New York \u0026 Lexington. In the present unsettled condition of my business \u0026 the uncertainty as to the future, it is absolutely impossible for me to think of paying you a visit. You cannot be, my dear Sue, more anxious to see me than I am to see you.","I have not been since the war ended in a situation, which would admit of absence from my business. Until I feel that I am settled, it must be a positive \u0026 serious disadvantage to me to leave the busy part of the world. I have been \u0026 am endeavoring to find a place, which I can make my home. As yet I have not decided, but think it more than probable that I shall accept the chair of Chemistry at the Va Military Institute. So soon as I can possibly go south I shall go to see you. Meantime you must feel that my interest in you is unaltered and that it is only a stern necessity, which keeps us so long apart.","The invention is now in the hands of manufacturer \u0026 I do not know what will come of it. They seem very hopeful.","Grandfather is here with us. He is quite feeble with age but his health in other respects is good. He always asks (as do the whole family) most affectionately after you \u0026 sends now his love to Johnny \u0026 yourself. Rest assured\nthat you shall see me as soon as I can take \"a leave\" \u0026 that I am always your \nDevoted brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va July 28 (1867)","My dear Sue, \nI do not know which of us is the debtor, but it is a matter of small moment should it be considered worth something to wish on such a hot afternoon. Our pastor, the Rev. (William) Pendleton, deferred services on account of the offensive heat, \u0026 in reflecting over my short comings I numbered among the most prominent the infrequency of my letters to you.","You have probably heard or at least \"guessed\" that I have been appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Institute. I have accepted the position, believing it the best thing that I can do - certainly at present.","If we are not interfered with in any way (and there seems to be no possibility of it) the school promises to be a great success. I do hope that I may be able to settle down in a home at last.","I saw young Mr. Goelet in Alexa(ndria) a short time (?) \u0026 was glad to meet him \u0026 hear from you and cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. When I left them in Alexa(ndria) \u0026 Washington Grandfather, Aunt Mary \u0026 Belle were all recovering from sickness - and as I have not heard since I presume they are still recovering.","I will when the weather is not so terribly (?) (?) you (?) account of Lexington and its improvements. Remember me kindly to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 tell Johnny he is certainly old enough to write.","I enclose a photograph. When you \u0026 Johnny can have some taken send me one. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va \nNov 2, 67","My dear Sue \nI would have written sooner but I have but recently returned from a trip to N. York. Phil Hooe was married to Miss Mary Dangerfield in Alexandria on the 15th Oct. and I went on to wait on him. The Superintendent at the same time sent me to N. York on business for the Institute.","I only stayed three days in Alexandria. The wedding was a very quiet one no one being present except the members of the family. The loss of Phil will be keenly felt by Aunt Ellen who has looked almost entirely to him as a protector since the death of Mr. Fowle. He will however be so near her in the same town that she will soon become reconciled, I hope, to the new state of things.","Grandfather's health is somewhat improved though he does not seem to be entirely free from recurrences of the complaint of last summer. Bunny Johnston was not well when I left - the rest of the family in good health.","I met Will Hardin in N. York. Told him to give my love to you when he sees you \u0026 to tell you how I regretted the necessity, which kept me from seeing you.","The Institute is progressing satisfactorily. We have now 250 cadets, as many as our buildings can accommodate in their present condition. We expect to have the restoration of the barracks completed by next Spring or Summer - Give love to Johnny \u0026 your grandma \u0026 remember me to your Uncle Walter. \nYours affectionately \nBunny","Va Military Institute \nLexington Va \nDec 6th 67","Your letter has just reached me, my dear Sue, and I can scarcely express my astonishment at the news it contains. I thought from your previous letters that you were either in jest or that you were, like most girls of your age, building castles to play with in the air.","I had no idea that you were serious, and could scarcely believe it now but for the womanly and dispassionate way in which you write.","I should have been much pleased to have met Mr. McPherson.\nI am gratified to know that you are not acting hastily and that the engagement has the entire sanction of your relatives. It would give me pleasure to visit you this winter \u0026 I would like to be present at your wedding, but I do not see how I can possibly go.","Thank my little coquette of a cousin for her thoughtfulness, and tell her if she is satisfied, of course I am. She speaks very authoritatively, however, and I should like above all things to give her a little lecture on the subject.","I am glad to hear that Johnnie is improving \u0026 taking some interest in his studies.","Remember me to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 believe me yours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","V.M.I. Lexington Va \nJany 18th 1868","Why have you not written, my dear Sue? I should have made this inquiry before, but we have been so busy during the day lately with our examinations and so thoroughly worn out at night that I have really been unable to do more that to wait for an answer to my last. This answer I have anxiously look for, as you said in your letter announcing your engagement that the day for the marriage was not definitely fixed. I took it for granted that you would let me know the day appointed, for while I could not leave the Institute to be present at the wedding, yet I expected to be present with you in spirit. I suffice therefore that the wedding has been deferred. Let me know all about it.","Grandfather \u0026 all the family wrote me that they wished you much happiness, \u0026 Grandfather has written to congratulate you if he has been well enough to do so. He wrote for your address, saying that he would certainly write to you, but he has been subject to so many attacks lately, that I fear he may not have been (?) enough to do so.","I can scarcely forgive you for keeping me in such suspense \u0026 hope you will say(?) and atone for the past by writing without delay. Let me know the time fixed.","Love to your Grandma \u0026 Johnny \u0026 remembrance to your Uncle Walter - Love to cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza when you see them \u0026 tell the latter I hope to have that quarrel with her yet. \nWith best love yours affectionately \nBunny","Jany 23rd 1873","My dear Sue, \nI have been intending for some time to answer your letter which has very (?) indeed. But you know how it is as well as I can tell you everyone who has many duties \u0026 cases find it difficult to write just when he thinks of it or feel like it. I know that I am not thoughtless - I sent you some days ago one of Lauriston's pictures. I intended sending you a \"head\" which shows his face \u0026 expression better, but Mother thought the full length figure would give one who had never seen him a better idea of the child. When I have more of the \"head\" printed I will send you one also.","I am glad that you \u0026 your family are well \u0026 that Johnny is about to go to work. I wish he could have made himself a physician \u0026 established himself where he could have had a lucrative practice \u0026 made a reputation.","Still if he prefers business to practicing medicine I would not have him go against his inclination or tastes.","A wholesale Gr(ocer)y business if properly managed is a very profitable one, and even the ordinary retail business can be made to pay well.","I have not learned anything more my dear Sue about your mother's grave. As I told you, I went to Alexandria \u0026 asked everyone that I thought likely to know anything about it. I was not present at the funeral nor at that of Father. Father was buried in our little family lot, and I do not see how there could have been room for either your mother or little Fannie.","The lot is small - These lie in it. Grandfather, Grandmother, (?) Bernard, Mr. Fowle, \u0026 the children lost by Aunt Mary \u0026 Aunt Ellen. In one corner of it my Mother \u0026 little brother Lauriston \u0026 next to them our father. So little space has there that I could not erect a memorial to Father such as I wished \u0026 therefore had to place two small marble stones to mark the spot \u0026 to put the dates on the side of my mother's monument which faces his grave.\nThis is a painful subject to me as well as your self \u0026 I would not enter into such details except to make the case clear to you.","The only possible place in the lot it seems to me was in the corner next to my mother's grave, but the sexton said he did not think there was room there \u0026 he could not dig to see without removing, or endangering, my mother's monument.\nThe only person I have not yet asked about it is Aunt Mary in Washington. I will do this, and if I go on next summer will try my best to ascertain something about it. I was at little Fannie's funeral, but cannot recollect (though I have tried again \u0026 again) where she was buried. It is very strange that no one seems to know anything about the matter - but as I told you, I never had, until I wrote you a few years ago about father's death, the slightest idea that your mother was buried in Alexa(ndria). May you not after all be mistaken?","Love to your Grandma, \u0026 Johnny, remembrances to your Uncle Walter, regards to McPherson, kisses to the children \u0026 yourself. \nYours affectionately \nMBH","Clemson College, S.C. \nMay 7th 1895","Dear John \nI enclose money order for $1.23 which according to your letter is my share of taxes on Montgomery Co property for 1894 - You do not state whether state of taxation has been diminished or whether you have surrendered some of the land, or finally whether we have ceased to pay taxes in the Hill share. Please explain - Mr. Cutler (?) - Section Missing - ...to hear that you have had sickness in your family. Love to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","Clemson College S.C. \nSept 28 1897","Dear John \nWhen I wrote you last year about the tax on Montgomery Co N.C. property you said that you were just going to attend to it, but you have not written about it since - Please let me know what I owe to (?) - My last payment according to my books was May 7th 1895 $1.23.","I hope you are well. I was in Marlborough Co S.C. last spring and was surely tempted to run over \u0026 see you \u0026 Sue but found that I could not spare the time.","I am sorry we can not see something of each other \u0026 that Sue's girls \u0026 mine can not manage to exchange visits - My girls have been in Va this month. \nLove to all - \nAffectionately your brother \nM.B. Hardin","March 24 99","Dear John \nYour letter is quite a treat. Mary has been with you a long time but as you are all so good as to wish her to say until after Easter I will give my consent as I understand that Sue will come on with her. I hope Eliza will come also.\nMary has enjoyed, and is enjoying, herself greatly, and I am very glad she has had the chance of knowing you all - I only whish I could go down and bring the party back with me. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMark B. Hardin papers, 1849-1947. MS 0440. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Mark B. Hardin papers, 1849-1947. MS 0440. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards family news. The letter includes an addition (dated April 24, 1849) from Lauriston B. Hardin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Battery 8, Richmond,\" Virgnia. Letter regards Civil War service and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter laments separation of families caused by War and references Mark B. Hardin's situation as a prisoner of war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen Mark B. Hardin was taken prisoner, the family swung into action to obtain his release. Dr. William P. Johnston, an uncle and a physician of some influence, wrote this letter regarding Hardin's release. The letter also mentions the status of Lauriston B. Hardin's estate, which was tied up in court prior to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's pending release from prison and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards family news and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from New York City, New York. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin attempting to start a consulting chemist business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Alexandria, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin potentially accepting a faculty position as Professor of Chemistry at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's position at VMI and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and mentions that VMI is making progress on the restoration of war-damaged barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's engagement to James Berrien MacPherson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's upcoming marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards family news and explains the layout of the family burial plot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter encloses money for Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter regards family news and Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Holy Trinity Church, Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards the Hardin Family memorial window.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards family news. The letter includes an addition (dated April 24, 1849) from Lauriston B. Hardin.","Written from \"Battery 8, Richmond,\" Virgnia. Letter regards Civil War service and family news.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter laments separation of families caused by War and references Mark B. Hardin's situation as a prisoner of war.","When Mark B. Hardin was taken prisoner, the family swung into action to obtain his release. Dr. William P. Johnston, an uncle and a physician of some influence, wrote this letter regarding Hardin's release. The letter also mentions the status of Lauriston B. Hardin's estate, which was tied up in court prior to the Civil War.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's pending release from prison and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards family news and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin attempting to start a consulting chemist business.","Written from Alexandria, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin potentially accepting a faculty position as Professor of Chemistry at VMI.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's position at VMI and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and mentions that VMI is making progress on the restoration of war-damaged barracks.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's engagement to James Berrien MacPherson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's upcoming marriage.","Letter regards family news and explains the layout of the family burial plot.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter encloses money for Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter regards family news and Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards family news.","Written from Holy Trinity Church, Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards the Hardin Family memorial window."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e0d9a120fef53a46cb1e04641aa99546\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Hardin Family","Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hardin Family"],"famname_ssim":["Hardin Family"],"persname_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":20,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:40.745Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_628.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00068.xml","title_ssm":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"title_tesim":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1947"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1947"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0440","/repositories/3/resources/628"],"text":["MS.0440","/repositories/3/resources/628","Mark B. Hardin collection","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1858","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Mark Bernard \"Bunny\" Hardin was born on August 14, 1838 in Alexandria, Virginia to Lauriston Bonaparte Hardin (1804-1858) and Anna Maria Hanson Hooe (1817-1845). He entered VMI on September 7, 1854 and graduated on July 4, 1858, standing first in his class. Following graduation he joined the faculty at VMI, teaching chemistry and other subjects until the beginning of the Civil War. ","Hardin served with the 33rd and 9th Virginia Infantry Regiments and with the 18th Battalion Virginia Heavy Artillery. He was captured at Sayler's Creek, Virginia on April 6, 1865 and held at Old Capitol and Johnson's Island prisons. He was released on oath on July 3, 1865 (some records say June 27).","Following the War, Hardin established an analytical chemistry business in New York City, New York where he resided until July 1867. From summer 1867 to September 1890 he was a Professor of Chemistry at VMI. From September 1890 to 1910 he taught at Clemson University, South Carolina.","Hardin married Mary Massie Payne of Warrenton, Virginia, on August 4, 1869, and the couple had eight children. He died on April 26, 1916 in Clemson, South Carolina and is buried at the Old Stone Church Cemetery, Clemson.","This letter was written to Augusta Lane Hardin, Lauriston B. Hardin's second wife and Mark B. Hardin's stepmother. At the time, Mark was 11 years old and his stepmother was visiting her family in Wilmington. This letter was sent to Augusta Hardin in care of Levin Lane, Esq. (1793-1863). Mark's family was then living in Washington, D.C. where Lauriston was the Clerk and Registrar of the Department of the Navy.","At the time of this letter, Mark B. Hardin was serving in the Confederate Army as a Major in command of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, 18th Virginia, assigned to the defenses at Richmond, Virginia.","The Hooe family was kin to the Hardins through the marriage of Lauriston B. Hardin to his first wife, Anna M. H. Hooe. She was Mark B. Hardin's mother. After Lauriston's (second) marriage to Augusta Lane Hardin, the children of that marriage, Susan L. Hardin and John H. Hardin, adopted the Hooes as their \"Grandparents.\" In this letter, Susan's \"Grandfather,\" Bernard Hooe (1791-1869), is writing for the first time after mail communications were established.","During the time period following the Civil War, Mark B. Hardin attempted to start a business in New York City, New York in partnership with William Gilham (1818-1872). Gilham was a West Pointer (Class of 1840) and the former Commandant of Cadets at VMI during Hardin's tenure there before the War.","Washington. April 21st 1849","My dear Mother \nAs today is a holiday I thought I would write you a few lines telling you all the news.","Last night there was a very large fire, destroying two or three houses and injuring two or three very much, - the fire began about twelve o'clock and lasted about an hour. A stable was set on fire behind those taverns near the canal, the taverns caught and burnt very badly. There were also several pigeons burnt during the fire. I went up to father's office today and spent the day with him and I had a very fine time.","I heard that there was a very deep snow in Wilmington not long ago. We have had very bad weather too, one day it snowed and rained both.","Father has not determined to get the house near the Fraily's, but he will, if he does not get Captain Powell's near Gadsby's Hotel, he will know tomorrow whether Captain Powell will let him have his for $350 or not.","Father has been suffering for some time with the pain in his shoulder, but I am happy to say that he is getting a great deal better.","We have had two or three serenades since you have been gone. The gentlemen came in the parlor and played for almost an hour then went down the front steps and sat on the boxes and played Oh! Susannah, then they went away.\nGive my love to Your Mother and your sisters and Eddy. Miss Anna Tanney has gone to Philadelphia to take a little trip for the benefit of her health, which has been rather bad.\nAfter the cold spell we have had, it is now quite mild again.","Captain Powell's house has a great deal of nice fruit in the garden, which is a very pretty one.","And now as it is getting late I must end my letter. \nFrom \nYour Affectionate \nSon \nM B Hardin","P.S.Father is going to write you a few lines. Grand Father sends his love to you and Miss Virginia.","Apl. 24, 1849 \nI have but a moment, my dearest wife, to put a short P.S. to your son's letter. He began it on Saturday, but did not finish it till last night. The mail closes early this morning so I must necessarily be short. I was quite disappointed last evening at not receiving a letter from you. I learned, however, that there was no mail south of Petersburg, which I suppose will account for your letters' not coming, as I take if for granted it was started in due time. Well, 'most two weeks have passed since you left us; they have passed quite heavily with me, \u0026 I begin to feel quite anxious for the hour of meeting to arrive. I am unable to say how soon I may be able to get off, for as yet, business seems to be increasing rather than falling off; but I will be better able to judge of the prospects when I answer your letter, which I expect tonight or tomorrow. In the near time, I hope you will enjoy yourself, and not get homesick or husband-sick. I have quite recovered from my attack, or rather I feel a great deal better. The pain in my breast and shoulder has \"left for parts unknown\" and I have no cough at all; so on the (subject?) of my health you need not be uneasy.","Best love to all the family. How did you enjoy the snow \u0026 green peas \u0026 perhaps strawberries?","Mr. Hooe is in Alexandria, which accounts for Mr. Hooe's love coming alone. Good bye - \nyour devoted husband \nL B Hardin","Battery 8, Richmond \nJan'y 3rd 1864","Dear Sue \nI received your letter yesterday \u0026 was truly glad to hear from you. I should have written before, but your last letter was in some way misplaced and I did not know where to address. You say that if I do not pay you a visit soon that you will never forgive me. If you won't forgive, you'll never forget me, so I am almost determined never to go to see you. But I am sure that such a course will be unnecessary to keep me in your memory, and whenever I can make it conveniently, I shall certainly pay you the visit. Just now it will not be possible to do so.","It is true that I am allowing my soldiers to go on furlough, but I do not feel disposed to ask a leave of absence for myself. This is not my dear sister because I am not truly anxious to see you, but because I am now, \u0026 will be for some time, quite busy in settling up my official transactions \u0026 accounts for the last quarter of the old year. I have not had, Sue, a leave of absence for a single day since I have been in service, and it has become a sort of matter of pride to be able to know that I have never asked for such an indulgence. I determined when I entered the service that I would not apply for a leave unless it was upon a matter of absolute necessity, and I am sure you would not have me break through this resolution. Some of these days when I can convince myself that it is necessary to take a short respite from the duties \u0026 troubles of the camp, I will make it a duty, as it will always be my greatest pleasure, to run down \u0026 visit you.","Do not think my dear sister, that I am forgetful, or that my affection for you is in the least diminished. I constantly think of you, and am more \u0026 more solicitous about you as you grow older. I look forward to the time when this direful war will cease, and anticipate the most delightful seasons of companionship with you. God grant in His Mercy \u0026 Providence that these anticipations may be realized.","I hope you had a pleasant Christmas \u0026 that your New Year promises to be a happy one. My Christmas was very dull. No Santa Claus, no merry faces, no big bowl of egg-nog, no family gathering, no luxurious table, nothing, in such, to remind me of the Christmas of the good old times. The New Year has passed upon us, as the old one passed away. Such is the fate of the soldiers. But what else should we expect. We are not in the service to make merry and have fun. Many, very many unpleasant things have to be submitted to. These we must bear as patiently and cheerfully as possible, and recollect the cause in which we are engaged and the mighty interests, which are at stake.","An under regard for self-enjoyment has probably caused some of our reverses; our motto for the New Year should be \"Duty\".","You write in such excellent spirits that I am sure you have been enjoying yourself much. This fully compensates for my dull Christmas.","By the way, Sue, you said something in one of your letters about a very dear friend of yours who was going to pay a visit to Richmond this winter. You stated that she intended staying at Capt Miles Selden's, but did not tell me the name of the young lady. You must let me know who she is, so that I may call on her.","You must look around too, and try \u0026 find me a nice little sweet-heart by the time I pay you the visit. I can not find anyone to suit me up this way, and I understand that there are some very sweet girls in N.C.","Cousin Jimmy(?) has, I see, been giving you quite an account of my younger days - days before your were born, Sue. I have changed much since then and I daresay Jimmy would not recollect the little curly headed boy who could neither ride nor climb. I should like very much to see him \u0026 you must give my love to him. Tell him his instructions were profited by and that the pupil will almost be willing to hazard a trial of powers with his master.","I met a gentleman not long ago who told me that a cousin of mine was stationed in Raleigh. He was on duty in the Provost Marshal's Office. I did not learn his first name but suffice it must be either Jimmy(?) or his brother. If you know what cousin it is, you must tell me in your next letter.","Phil is out in east Tennessee. I heard from him a few days ago. He was very well. Have not heard from Washington lately. Give my love to Johnny \u0026 tell him not to grow so fast that I will not know him when I see him. Remember me to your Grandma, Uncle Walter, and all other members of the family. Always send love to Cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. I feel toward them much as if they were near relatives, and never shall forget the pleasant associations with Julia or the sweet little face \u0026 manners of Eliza. It seems strange to think that Eliza is now a \"?\". I can scarcely realize it, for it seems but yesterday when she used to play about our house as a mere child. Girls grow so much more rapidly than boys that I expect to find you almost a woman when I pay that visit.","Write soon, Sue, and tell me what you \u0026 Johnny are doing. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","Who directed the last two letters you sent me? I am not familiar with the handwriting. It is very pretty.","To Susan L. Hardin \n\u0026 John H. Hardin  \nElizabeth, New Jersey \nJune 19, 1865","My dear children \nI have anxiously desired, for the four last and eventful years to write to you and afford a proper manifestation of that kind interest and regard which I feel to be preeminently due to you. But my hands have been tied, and I have been denied that privilege by the intervention of causes beyond my control, and resulting most disastrously to our Southern Country, in whose desolation I have been, as you may naturally suppose, an earnest sympathizer.","The struggle in which all the energies of our dear people have been most zealously and patriotically enlisted may be regarded as now ended, and I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to begin a correspondence with you which would never have been delayed or suspended but for the distracted state of the country, necessarily interrupting all our social relations \u0026 friendly intercourse.","Since we had the happiness of seeing each other, sad changes have occurred in our respective families and gloom, amounting almost to despondency, has supervened as resulting from the desolation of our own firesides.","Within one year after the commencement of the late conflict in which your brother and my youngest son felt impelled to hazard all, in vindication of their inalienable rights, in addition to the sore privation of their society and intercourses, I have been subjected to the deepest affliction in the loss of your dear and devoted Grand-ma, as you were always pleased to call her, of whose presence and good counsel I was deprived on the 14th July 1862, since which time the world has, to me, appeared a desert, offering little inducement to a man of nearly seventy five years, to desire longer to witness its' constant fluctuations and instability.","And I regret to have learned that it has fallen also to your lot to have experienced a similar affliction in the loss of your Grandfather Lane, on which event I beg to assure you that you and your excellent Grandmother have my cordial sympathy and condolence.","You will desire to receive some information in regard to your brother, Mark Bernard, which, at this instance, I hasten to communicate, to relieve your anxiety in rogation to him. In the last battle of the army about Richmond, he was captured with a large number of Confederate officers and men attached to the command of Genl. Ewell, and they arrived in Washington City D.C. in the afternoon of that day on which the assassination of the late President, A. Lincoln took place, and but a few hours before that tragic event. The Prisoners, thus captured, were detained in the old Capitol Prison until 4o'c. in the afternoon of Monday the 16th of April, whereby an opportunity was afforded to many of his friends to see him.","Mrs. Johnston, his aunt, Doct. Johnston, his uncle Bernard and I were among those who enjoyed that privilege, and were gratified by a brief interview with him; and profited by the opportunity of furnishing such article of necessary clothing as he was then enabled to take with him and a small sum of money to supply such wants as were not likely to be gratified by the liberality of the United States' Government. After our hurried interview, the Prisoners were conducted to the cars, and were carried to Johnson's Island, (Sandusky, Ohio) where they arrived in about 48 hours, and were as comfortable situated as was consistent with their condition, deprived of their accustomed liberty.","In a few days after his arrival at that place, he wrote to me and gave the information above communicated to you; and has corresponded pretty regularly with his aunts Mrs. Johnston in Washington, and Mrs. Fowle \u0026 myself here.","His aunts have promptly supplied him with such articles of clothing as he has desired, the list of which was furnished by himself; and by a letter written by him on the 25th day of May, inst., and received by me on Monday last 29th May, the receipt of those articles is acknowledged by him, so that, as far as clothing may be necessary for his comfort, he has been abundantly supplied, according to his own declaration. A further sum of money has been also sent to him in pursuance of the privilege obtained from the authorities at Johnson's Island, and, as long as he may be detained there, every necessary attention will be given to secure his comfort.","Both his aunts and I have written to him, offering him all the consolation in our power, and we have made an earnest appeal to him to avail himself of the earliest opportunity which may be presented, and take the requisite oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, (there being none other now organized or recognized) and come again, and without longer delay, to his friends and relations. This we earnestly hope he will do, and thus place himself in a position to begin life anew, and establish himself in such position as cannot fail to ensure him success and prosperity.","Your uncle Philip B. Hooe was on the same battlefield on which it was your brother's misfortune to be captured, and in which too Genl. Corse, to whose staff Philip belonged, became also a Prisoner; but by sudden movement as Genl. Corse informs me by letter from Fort Warren, Philip was at the head of the column which escaped the fate of his comrades. I recd. from him yesterday a letter written at Lynchburg, Va. on the 25th of May, informing us that he expects to be in Richmond about this time, and hopes to be with his family in a few days. He was probably a paroled Prisoner embraced in Genl. Lee's surrender, and may thus be enabled to come home at once.","We will continue to look with ceaseless anxiety for the safe and speedy return of both our dear boys, of whose honorable deportment their friends here all feel most proud.","All the members of my family both here and in Washington are well and unite in kind regards for your dear Grandmother, Mrs. Lane, and in affectionate remembrance of you both. I sent your brother's address, which, if you wish, may enable you to write to him, if the mail communication between your residence and Sandusky, Ohio, (Johnson's Island) shall be open. \nYour anxious Grandfather, \nB. Hooe","Washington D.C. \nJune 25 1865","My dear Susan, \nYour letter of the 14th inst. was received today \u0026 it gives me great pleasure to be able to convey to you favorable news of the health of your talented and gallant brother. He reached Washington, a prisoner of war, a day or two after the surrender of Lee's army. Your Aunt Mary \u0026 myself, \u0026 also Mr. Hooe, had the pleasure of seeing him. He was quite well \u0026 in good spirits. After being detained here a day or two he was sent to Johnson's Island.","It is now about two weeks since I obtained from the President an order for his release. I have just learned that he was not released in consequence of an error in the office of the Governor General of Prisoners. They have promised to send on the order by telegraph today. While in prison he has been supplied with money \u0026 clothing.","I cannot say how much money you will be entitled to in the (?) of your father's estate. The farm was sold \u0026 a portion of the money received by the Commissioner, who has since died. I presume the whole amount of purchase money may still be collected. The house at the corner of 14 \u0026 H. Sts. was sold, under the decree of the court, to satisfy two claims against the estate; the property sold well \u0026 there remains over \u0026 above these claims between 4 \u0026 5 thousand dollars, which is still in bank \u0026 held by the court.","Besides this your grandfather interest from the proceeds of the rent of the house the sum of $900 in Washington City stock, \u0026 a small amt. has been also invested in U.S. stock, about $200 I think.","I hold also in my business $69 in Virginia funds which Mr. Hooe received on the sale of certain articles from the farm. These may earn additional sums which I cannot recall at present.","We are all well \u0026 living in Washington (?) (?) in much love to you \u0026 your brother \u0026 in kindest regards to Mrs. Lane \nMost affectionately \nYours \nW.P. Johnston","PS Mr. Hooe is well \u0026 at present living with the Geo Fowle's family at Elizabeth, New Jersey \nJ.","Elizabeth - New Jersey \nJune 29th 1865","My dear Susan, \nI hasten to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, addressed to Dr. Wm. P. Johnston of Washington, D.C. dated on the 14th inst., forwarded to me from the latter place, and received by mail of yesterday.","You will perceive by the enclosed letter, that I had written to you some time previous to the receipt of your acceptable favor, and it's transmission has been unavoidably delayed by the absence of mail facilities of which distant friends in the South have been hitherto deprived.","Having in that former letter given you a somewhat detailed account of our own family in which no changes have since occurred, it will not now be necessary that I should repeat anything then mentioned.","Dr. Johnston has informed me by his letter of yesterday that he has answered your enquiries as far as he could, and expresses the hope that your dear brother M.B.H. may arrive here as soon as your letter enclosed to me by him should reach me at this place. Such, however, is not the case, but we are in the constant expectation of having the extreme happiness of greeting his return to his family and friends after his absence of four long \u0026 anxious years.","More than two weeks have elapsed since Dr. Johnston obtained from the President an order for our dear boy's release, which, as I presume he has advised you, was by him handed to the proper officer (General Hoffman, the Commissary General of Prisoners) to be by him forwarded to the commanding officer at Johnson's Island, and it was therefore naturally and reasonably expected that he would have been immediately discharged. The delay to do so has been occasioned by some official oversight or inadvertence which a subordinate in the Commissary's Bureau has assured Dr. J. should be immediately remedied by a telegraphic dispatch from that office. You will therefore perceive the ground on which our hope and expectation of his early restoration to us are based, and we most earnestly and anxiously hope we shall be no longer doomed to disappointment.","I am not, my dear child, surprised to hear of the deplorable condition in which you have been left by the late cruel war, by which the whole Southern country has been devastated; and my most anxious desire, in which I am seconded by all the friends of your beloved father and his children, has been, and is to do all in our power for your relief, and as speedily as may be practicable, but there is reason to fear that some time will expire before the desired object can be consummated. Some two creditors of your father, being uneasy in regard to their respective claims against his estate, and being the more apprehensive of tedious delay necessarily resulting from the war, determined to institute legal proceedings for the recovery of their claims; no private arrangement could be made by any of us here, because you and your younger brother were, what is termed in the law infants, whose interests were to be guarded by the court, to which it's supervision properly belongs.","A Decree was obtained in the court at Washington for the sale of the Real Estate in that City, and from the proceeds thereof the only remaining debts due from the estate have been discharged, and a balance is left amounting to some six thousand five or six hundred dollars, which has been vested, under the direction of the Court, in United States 7/30 bonds, bearing interest, \u0026 subject to the future order of the court.","In addition to that amount, the proceeds to be derived from the sale of the farm in the country, expects to produce some $5000 or $6000, will be held subject to such disposition as the Courts may direct; we hope therefore that a sum not less that $12,000 may be realized and held subject to the future orders of the Courts in which the proceedings have been instituted, and without the knowledge or consent of myself or any of your friends in Washington or elsewhere.","We will resort to any legal and proper one and to protect the funds from confiscation or other action of the Government.","When your brother shall arrive here, he will be informed of the circumstances herein detailed, and which have not been yet communicated to him, and after taking such steps as may be deemed proper for the protection of the interest of all the children, as far as that can be effected, you shall be more particularly informed by him and by myself.","This statement is now made in justice to you all and should have been earlier communicated if I had known your address.","Your Aunt Ellen and all her family unite with me in the assurance of constant and undiminished interest in, and affection for your little brother John and yourself, and in their high regard for you dear Grandmother Lane, to whom we desire to be presented in terms of kind remembrance.","Uncertain whether there is a direct communication open to Fayetteville, this will be sent from New York via Wilmington, where your letter to Dr. J. was mailed. \nYou anxious and affectionate Grandfather \nB. Hooe","I will be very happy to hear from you, according to the date of this letter. Excuse any interlineations and omissions and make every proper allowance for the nervous writing of your Septuagenarian Grandfather, who does not now find writing as easy as he did five or six year ago. When you write tell Johnny to add a Post Script.","Washington, July 10th (1865)","My dear Sue \nI have just arrived here \u0026 have seen your letter to Dr. W.P.J. I am now attending to the business referred to in your letter. I think we can so arrange it as to secure all due us - about 11 or 12,000 dollars. It will be necessary for you \u0026 John to have a guardian appointed in North Carolina or else to come on here. To save the expense of travel, it will be much better to have, if possible, the guardian appointed in N. Carolina. If the Courts are in operation, have this done at once or let me know when it can be effected. I wish to hear immediately about this, as I will have a petition drawn up \u0026 sent in for your guardian to sign. I hope we may be able to avoid the necessity of bringing you here just at this time because we can ill afford it. Great as is my desire to see you, it is necessary for the interest of both of us to be as economical as possible just now, and I must try \u0026 establish myself in some business. I have not yet determined where to settle, but will keep you advised.","I wish your Uncle Walter or your Grandmother would write \u0026 let me know exactly how your affairs stand in N.C. Whether you \u0026 John have anything left. I supposed that you had property or money in such shape as not to have been effected by the war. Thankful we (must) be that we have all been preserved, \u0026 deplorable and heart rending as the times have been, we must look \u0026 bend our energies to the future.","When you write, address (it) care of Dr. Johnston.","Remember me kindly to you Grandma \u0026 friends. Love to John. As you see, I write in great haste \u0026 will give you more news at another time. \nEver your devoted brother \nBunny","Washington \nAug 9th (1865)","My dear Sue \nYour most welcome letter has been received and I am truly glad to hear that you are all well. I wrote to you about a month ago, and fearing irregularities of the mail, addressed the letter to care of Messrs. DeRosset \u0026 Co. Wilmington. I was exceedingly anxious to hear from you, (apprehending?) from your letter to Dr. Johnston that the family has been sorely troubled by the march of troops last spring. Your letter just received gives therefore great relief to the anxiety felt.","I told you in my last that the proceeds of sale of Alexa(ndria) property could not be gotten at first (?). The payments have not been completed \u0026 little or nothing can be done in the case until the November Court.","With regard to the funds in Washington - you and John have each have about $2300, which the court will order to be payed (sic) to your guardian.","Since writing to you, Judge Wylie has informed me that a guardian can be appointed here without the presence of John \u0026 yourself. Therefore if you choose not to have the matter deferred, I will see if the amount in the hands of the court cannot be obtained.","Phil is still your guardian in Va. \u0026 he may possibly get the money without further proceeding in the way of appointments, etc. I will not do anything until I hear from you, but let me know at once whether you wish the money sent on to you. It is at present invested in 7 3/10 bonds. See your Uncle Walter \u0026 Grandma \u0026 ask their advice.","Let me know what disposition you wish made of the money. I have written this, for fear that you and John may have immediate wants. Tell me also whether you have yet a guardian in North Carolina.","I will not be able to visit you for some time, my dear Sue, as I am yet unemployed \u0026 can not think of traveling just now. If I should be fortunate enough to get something to do, I hope to run down and see you all this fall or in the winter. Everything is so compromising, that it is enough to depress anyone. I will keep you constantly informed of my movements and hope soon to tell you that. I am no longer a gentleman of elegance \u0026 leisure.","Address all your letters for the present to care of Dr. W.P. Johnston. Your affectionate remembrances of Grandfather \u0026 the family are highly appreciated and all returning most warmly their love to you \u0026 John. Write often Sue \u0026 do not be ceremonious. Kindest regards to your grandma \u0026 family. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","I sent you 33 stamps \nWashington \nSep 7th (1865)","My dear Sue, \nI have just returned from Virginia where I have been for two weeks attending to business. Your letter has just been placed in my hands \u0026 I hasten to answer it. I have this morning written to your Uncle Walter, and I hope he will answer without delay, so that I may have the matter of business attended to at once.","Just as soon as a guardian files a proper petition for that portion of the money remaining from the estate in Washington it can be obtained. The money is invested in 7 3/10 bonds \u0026 is drawing a good interest, but if you wish it, that is need it, you can get it. It can be placed in the hands of your N. Car. guardian. We can do nothing here until we know whether you have a guardian (or can have one appointed in N.Ca.) Do have the matter attended to at once.","I have not determined what to do; will let you know as soon as I settle. I will try \u0026 go on this fall \u0026 see you. The expense of travel is all that prevents me now. I am particularly anxious about the education of Johnny. It must not be neglected.","Grandfather is in Elizabeth N. Jersey \u0026 remembers you most kindly, as do all other members of the family. I am glad to hear that you are progressing so well with your studies \u0026 that you are so much pleased with your Cousin Rosa's instruction.","I hope to be established some of these days \u0026 have a house of my own where you \u0026 I \u0026 John can take care of each other. Many days of hard work must pass before that can be however, and we must hope for the best.","I feel relieved when I know that you \u0026 John will not suffer \u0026 that you have enough money to supply wants for some time to come.","This fall we hope to get hold of the money for the Alexa(ndria) estate. Altogether then each of us will have about $5000 (five thousand) so there is at least no danger of starving.","You must be hopeful \u0026 not allow yourself to despair. Write soon \u0026 write often. It will not be long before you hear from me again.","I have written very hurriedly, for I have a number of business letters in hand which must be attended to right off. Best of love to all - \nYour devoted bro(ther) \nBunny","Elizabeth, New Jersey \nSeptember 26, 1865","My dear Susie, \nI cannot find language suitably to express the gratification I have derived from the receipt of your most acceptable letter of 5th inst. Which came to me yesterday thro' the Post Office at New York, to which I hasten to reply, to show my high appreciation of your kind remembrance of me.","If I know myself I can never cease to feel an abiding interest in, and affection for the dear children of your beloved parents, both of whom I have always regarded with the most devoted and earnest attachment. And for the sake of yourself and dear little Johnnie, as well as because of my regard for your dear deceased parents, I can never entertain any other sentiments than those of kindness and affection.","You have perceived, by the date of my former letter, that it had been written a considerable time before it was transmitted, awaiting the re-establishment of mail facilities, of which I availed myself at the earliest moment after I had been advised, thro' your letter to Dr. Johnston of Washington City, D.C. as to your address.","I congratulate you on the safety of your brother Bunnie, who passed so successfully thro' the perils to which he was always exposed for the four eventful years of his life, and that he has been restored to his family and friends in that state of health and security which leaves his capacity for future usefulness unimpaired. He is now here, and desires me to say that he has written to you some weeks ago, and addressed his letter to your uncle Walter Lane, Wilmington, N. Carolina: and at the same time he wrote also to him, as your Guardian, informing him what is required by the Courts to be done by him in order that he may receive the share of Johnnie and yourself which has been decreed by the Courts in your favor, and which, if I mistake not, amounts to something near Six thousand dollars, derived from the property in Washington and the farm in Virginia: There will be still a balance coming from the latter source, in regard to which, other proceedings in the Alexandria Court will yet be necessary: what that amount may be I am not now able to inform you.","Your uncle Walter, as Guardian for you \u0026 Johnnie should present his petition in writing to the Circuit Superior Court of Washington County in the District of Columbia, praying an order directing the money now in the First National Bank in Washington (Jay Cooke's) to be paid to him, as Guardian etc., and, in addition, he should also execute a Power of Attorney, to authorize such person as he may designate, to receive the said money. Your brother Bernard is now here, but expects to locate himself, professionally as Chemist, etc., in the City of New York. He has just been appointed by the Board of Visitors of the Military School at Lexington, in Virginia, \"Adjunct Professor of Mineralogy, Chemistry \u0026 Geology,\" which, I think, he is disinclined to accept, because of apprehension that the salaries the Institute will be enabled to pay, will be wholly inadequate, and that his prospect of success in New York is more encouraging. He may not therefore be in Washington to give the necessary attention to the collection of the money above referred to, and to avoid any further delay or difficulty about that matter, I would suggest that your Uncle Walter should come to Washington, and, in person, attend to the business. If, however, he shall decline to do so, either because it may be inconvenient for him or for any other reasons, he might give a Power of Attorney to your uncle Philip B. Hooe, who resides in Alexandria \u0026 would take pleasure in doing anything in his power to serve him or you. If your uncle shall adopt that course, he can enclose his Petition to the Court, together with the Power of Attorney, to you uncle Phil, in Alexandria.","In the losses you have sustained and the privations to which you have been subjected, you have my sincere sympathy, which is also extended to your dear Grandma, whose health I regret to hear has been injuriously affected by the trials she has had to encounter.","I am pleased to hear that you will probably be at school in Washington next winter: if so, I will have the opportunity to see you, as I think of visiting that City in December, and will perhaps pass the winter there.","Johnnie must follow your good example and write to me: it will afford me the pleasant opportunity of seeing his proficiency, as well as evince his kind remembrance of me: and you must recollect that I will be always most happy to read your letters which you can find time to write to me.","Present my kind remembrance to your dear Grandma, in which your Aunt Ellen unites.","Your uncles Bernard \u0026 Phil are in good health - the former retaining his office in the Coast Survey in Washington - and the latter has gone to establish himself in business at Alexandria, which he fears will be an uphill business. Your Aunt Mary Johnston, with the Doct. and all their children are well - Belle at home - Willie, an M.D. and resident Physician in the Hospital in New York - Bunnie has a position in Jay Cooke's Bank in Washington - Jemmie still at school and of good promise \u0026 very sprightly - and little George, the baby, rather delicate in health, about eight years old. Your aunt Ellen's health a good deal impaired; the children all well - Nannie at school, now \u0026 then only - 18 years old - Nellie, Birdie \u0026 Geo, regularly at school - \u0026 Philip Rollins, the youngest, a fine boy of four years \u0026 much fatter and spoiled, of course. I feel the compliment you pay me and am flattered by your asking for my likeness, which is cheerfully enclosed to you. It is the last I have, but cannot refuse to send it. Accept for your self \u0026 Johnnie the assurances of my constant \u0026 unchanged affection. My kind remembrance for your Grandma \u0026 all the other members of your dear mother's family. Your Grandpa, \nB. Hooe","My dear Sue, \nI have just received your letter \u0026 hasten to answer it. I am really ashamed of myself for not answering your last before this, but I have put it off from day to day in hopes of being able to write more cheerfully. Please don't stand upon ceremony with me; write whenever you can \u0026 if I don't answer promptly know that it is not because I don't think of you.","My business has improved some lately \u0026 I am in hope that it will pay next year. In that belief I have refused three very handsome offers lately. By the way, speaking of business matters, please tell your Uncle Walter that Phil Hooe wrote to him on important business some time since but has no answer. It would be well for your Uncle Walter to write to him.","I do so long for the time when I can settle down \u0026 have you and Johnny with me. Tell the boy that he must study \u0026 improve himself. I do not wish to be disappointed when I see him. And you Sue, must take care of yourself \u0026 not frolic too much at parties. I am delighted to hear at any time that you are enjoying yourself, but be careful of your health \u0026 don't always sit up or dance until morning. I am pleased to know that your representation as a house-keeper is so good. I am prodigiously fond of good bread \u0026 ginger snaps. I hope to eat some of your making one of these days. I have here a short time since Cousin Sue Hardin, her sister Cynthia, \u0026 Jimmy. The second time I called upon them, they had left the city.","Hope however to see them here again soon. It was a great pleasure to meet them.","Grandfather \u0026 Aunts Mary \u0026 Ellen, Phil, \u0026 in fact all the family, ask after you frequently. I always send love.\nI have written in great haste, my dear Sue, because I am fortunately busy, and I would not put off an answer a single moment lest it might be deferred disgracefully long. Be assured that I often think of you \u0026 Johnny \u0026 that I hope our \"brief acquaintances\" may in (?) ripen into something like affection. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nBunny","June 6th 1867","My dear Sue \nI have been so constantly on the go since I received your letter that I have really not had time to answer it in a way at all satisfactory to myself.","I shall probably remain in Alexandria for a week or two as a middle point between New York \u0026 Lexington. In the present unsettled condition of my business \u0026 the uncertainty as to the future, it is absolutely impossible for me to think of paying you a visit. You cannot be, my dear Sue, more anxious to see me than I am to see you.","I have not been since the war ended in a situation, which would admit of absence from my business. Until I feel that I am settled, it must be a positive \u0026 serious disadvantage to me to leave the busy part of the world. I have been \u0026 am endeavoring to find a place, which I can make my home. As yet I have not decided, but think it more than probable that I shall accept the chair of Chemistry at the Va Military Institute. So soon as I can possibly go south I shall go to see you. Meantime you must feel that my interest in you is unaltered and that it is only a stern necessity, which keeps us so long apart.","The invention is now in the hands of manufacturer \u0026 I do not know what will come of it. They seem very hopeful.","Grandfather is here with us. He is quite feeble with age but his health in other respects is good. He always asks (as do the whole family) most affectionately after you \u0026 sends now his love to Johnny \u0026 yourself. Rest assured\nthat you shall see me as soon as I can take \"a leave\" \u0026 that I am always your \nDevoted brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va July 28 (1867)","My dear Sue, \nI do not know which of us is the debtor, but it is a matter of small moment should it be considered worth something to wish on such a hot afternoon. Our pastor, the Rev. (William) Pendleton, deferred services on account of the offensive heat, \u0026 in reflecting over my short comings I numbered among the most prominent the infrequency of my letters to you.","You have probably heard or at least \"guessed\" that I have been appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Institute. I have accepted the position, believing it the best thing that I can do - certainly at present.","If we are not interfered with in any way (and there seems to be no possibility of it) the school promises to be a great success. I do hope that I may be able to settle down in a home at last.","I saw young Mr. Goelet in Alexa(ndria) a short time (?) \u0026 was glad to meet him \u0026 hear from you and cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. When I left them in Alexa(ndria) \u0026 Washington Grandfather, Aunt Mary \u0026 Belle were all recovering from sickness - and as I have not heard since I presume they are still recovering.","I will when the weather is not so terribly (?) (?) you (?) account of Lexington and its improvements. Remember me kindly to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 tell Johnny he is certainly old enough to write.","I enclose a photograph. When you \u0026 Johnny can have some taken send me one. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va \nNov 2, 67","My dear Sue \nI would have written sooner but I have but recently returned from a trip to N. York. Phil Hooe was married to Miss Mary Dangerfield in Alexandria on the 15th Oct. and I went on to wait on him. The Superintendent at the same time sent me to N. York on business for the Institute.","I only stayed three days in Alexandria. The wedding was a very quiet one no one being present except the members of the family. The loss of Phil will be keenly felt by Aunt Ellen who has looked almost entirely to him as a protector since the death of Mr. Fowle. He will however be so near her in the same town that she will soon become reconciled, I hope, to the new state of things.","Grandfather's health is somewhat improved though he does not seem to be entirely free from recurrences of the complaint of last summer. Bunny Johnston was not well when I left - the rest of the family in good health.","I met Will Hardin in N. York. Told him to give my love to you when he sees you \u0026 to tell you how I regretted the necessity, which kept me from seeing you.","The Institute is progressing satisfactorily. We have now 250 cadets, as many as our buildings can accommodate in their present condition. We expect to have the restoration of the barracks completed by next Spring or Summer - Give love to Johnny \u0026 your grandma \u0026 remember me to your Uncle Walter. \nYours affectionately \nBunny","Va Military Institute \nLexington Va \nDec 6th 67","Your letter has just reached me, my dear Sue, and I can scarcely express my astonishment at the news it contains. I thought from your previous letters that you were either in jest or that you were, like most girls of your age, building castles to play with in the air.","I had no idea that you were serious, and could scarcely believe it now but for the womanly and dispassionate way in which you write.","I should have been much pleased to have met Mr. McPherson.\nI am gratified to know that you are not acting hastily and that the engagement has the entire sanction of your relatives. It would give me pleasure to visit you this winter \u0026 I would like to be present at your wedding, but I do not see how I can possibly go.","Thank my little coquette of a cousin for her thoughtfulness, and tell her if she is satisfied, of course I am. She speaks very authoritatively, however, and I should like above all things to give her a little lecture on the subject.","I am glad to hear that Johnnie is improving \u0026 taking some interest in his studies.","Remember me to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 believe me yours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","V.M.I. Lexington Va \nJany 18th 1868","Why have you not written, my dear Sue? I should have made this inquiry before, but we have been so busy during the day lately with our examinations and so thoroughly worn out at night that I have really been unable to do more that to wait for an answer to my last. This answer I have anxiously look for, as you said in your letter announcing your engagement that the day for the marriage was not definitely fixed. I took it for granted that you would let me know the day appointed, for while I could not leave the Institute to be present at the wedding, yet I expected to be present with you in spirit. I suffice therefore that the wedding has been deferred. Let me know all about it.","Grandfather \u0026 all the family wrote me that they wished you much happiness, \u0026 Grandfather has written to congratulate you if he has been well enough to do so. He wrote for your address, saying that he would certainly write to you, but he has been subject to so many attacks lately, that I fear he may not have been (?) enough to do so.","I can scarcely forgive you for keeping me in such suspense \u0026 hope you will say(?) and atone for the past by writing without delay. Let me know the time fixed.","Love to your Grandma \u0026 Johnny \u0026 remembrance to your Uncle Walter - Love to cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza when you see them \u0026 tell the latter I hope to have that quarrel with her yet. \nWith best love yours affectionately \nBunny","Jany 23rd 1873","My dear Sue, \nI have been intending for some time to answer your letter which has very (?) indeed. But you know how it is as well as I can tell you everyone who has many duties \u0026 cases find it difficult to write just when he thinks of it or feel like it. I know that I am not thoughtless - I sent you some days ago one of Lauriston's pictures. I intended sending you a \"head\" which shows his face \u0026 expression better, but Mother thought the full length figure would give one who had never seen him a better idea of the child. When I have more of the \"head\" printed I will send you one also.","I am glad that you \u0026 your family are well \u0026 that Johnny is about to go to work. I wish he could have made himself a physician \u0026 established himself where he could have had a lucrative practice \u0026 made a reputation.","Still if he prefers business to practicing medicine I would not have him go against his inclination or tastes.","A wholesale Gr(ocer)y business if properly managed is a very profitable one, and even the ordinary retail business can be made to pay well.","I have not learned anything more my dear Sue about your mother's grave. As I told you, I went to Alexandria \u0026 asked everyone that I thought likely to know anything about it. I was not present at the funeral nor at that of Father. Father was buried in our little family lot, and I do not see how there could have been room for either your mother or little Fannie.","The lot is small - These lie in it. Grandfather, Grandmother, (?) Bernard, Mr. Fowle, \u0026 the children lost by Aunt Mary \u0026 Aunt Ellen. In one corner of it my Mother \u0026 little brother Lauriston \u0026 next to them our father. So little space has there that I could not erect a memorial to Father such as I wished \u0026 therefore had to place two small marble stones to mark the spot \u0026 to put the dates on the side of my mother's monument which faces his grave.\nThis is a painful subject to me as well as your self \u0026 I would not enter into such details except to make the case clear to you.","The only possible place in the lot it seems to me was in the corner next to my mother's grave, but the sexton said he did not think there was room there \u0026 he could not dig to see without removing, or endangering, my mother's monument.\nThe only person I have not yet asked about it is Aunt Mary in Washington. I will do this, and if I go on next summer will try my best to ascertain something about it. I was at little Fannie's funeral, but cannot recollect (though I have tried again \u0026 again) where she was buried. It is very strange that no one seems to know anything about the matter - but as I told you, I never had, until I wrote you a few years ago about father's death, the slightest idea that your mother was buried in Alexa(ndria). May you not after all be mistaken?","Love to your Grandma, \u0026 Johnny, remembrances to your Uncle Walter, regards to McPherson, kisses to the children \u0026 yourself. \nYours affectionately \nMBH","Clemson College, S.C. \nMay 7th 1895","Dear John \nI enclose money order for $1.23 which according to your letter is my share of taxes on Montgomery Co property for 1894 - You do not state whether state of taxation has been diminished or whether you have surrendered some of the land, or finally whether we have ceased to pay taxes in the Hill share. Please explain - Mr. Cutler (?) - Section Missing - ...to hear that you have had sickness in your family. Love to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","Clemson College S.C. \nSept 28 1897","Dear John \nWhen I wrote you last year about the tax on Montgomery Co N.C. property you said that you were just going to attend to it, but you have not written about it since - Please let me know what I owe to (?) - My last payment according to my books was May 7th 1895 $1.23.","I hope you are well. I was in Marlborough Co S.C. last spring and was surely tempted to run over \u0026 see you \u0026 Sue but found that I could not spare the time.","I am sorry we can not see something of each other \u0026 that Sue's girls \u0026 mine can not manage to exchange visits - My girls have been in Va this month. \nLove to all - \nAffectionately your brother \nM.B. Hardin","March 24 99","Dear John \nYour letter is quite a treat. Mary has been with you a long time but as you are all so good as to wish her to say until after Easter I will give my consent as I understand that Sue will come on with her. I hope Eliza will come also.\nMary has enjoyed, and is enjoying, herself greatly, and I am very glad she has had the chance of knowing you all - I only whish I could go down and bring the party back with me. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","This collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards family news. The letter includes an addition (dated April 24, 1849) from Lauriston B. Hardin.","Written from \"Battery 8, Richmond,\" Virgnia. Letter regards Civil War service and family news.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter laments separation of families caused by War and references Mark B. Hardin's situation as a prisoner of war.","When Mark B. Hardin was taken prisoner, the family swung into action to obtain his release. Dr. William P. Johnston, an uncle and a physician of some influence, wrote this letter regarding Hardin's release. The letter also mentions the status of Lauriston B. Hardin's estate, which was tied up in court prior to the Civil War.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's pending release from prison and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards family news and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin attempting to start a consulting chemist business.","Written from Alexandria, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin potentially accepting a faculty position as Professor of Chemistry at VMI.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's position at VMI and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and mentions that VMI is making progress on the restoration of war-damaged barracks.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's engagement to James Berrien MacPherson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's upcoming marriage.","Letter regards family news and explains the layout of the family burial plot.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter encloses money for Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter regards family news and Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards family news.","Written from Holy Trinity Church, Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards the Hardin Family memorial window.","Manuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Hardin Family","Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0440","/repositories/3/resources/628"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"collection_ssim":["Mark B. Hardin collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"creator_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"creators_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1858","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1858","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20 items"],"extent_tesim":["20 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMark Bernard \"Bunny\" Hardin was born on August 14, 1838 in Alexandria, Virginia to Lauriston Bonaparte Hardin (1804-1858) and Anna Maria Hanson Hooe (1817-1845). He entered VMI on September 7, 1854 and graduated on July 4, 1858, standing first in his class. Following graduation he joined the faculty at VMI, teaching chemistry and other subjects until the beginning of the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHardin served with the 33rd and 9th Virginia Infantry Regiments and with the 18th Battalion Virginia Heavy Artillery. He was captured at Sayler's Creek, Virginia on April 6, 1865 and held at Old Capitol and Johnson's Island prisons. He was released on oath on July 3, 1865 (some records say June 27).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the War, Hardin established an analytical chemistry business in New York City, New York where he resided until July 1867. From summer 1867 to September 1890 he was a Professor of Chemistry at VMI. From September 1890 to 1910 he taught at Clemson University, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHardin married Mary Massie Payne of Warrenton, Virginia, on August 4, 1869, and the couple had eight children. He died on April 26, 1916 in Clemson, South Carolina and is buried at the Old Stone Church Cemetery, Clemson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written to Augusta Lane Hardin, Lauriston B. Hardin's second wife and Mark B. Hardin's stepmother. At the time, Mark was 11 years old and his stepmother was visiting her family in Wilmington. This letter was sent to Augusta Hardin in care of Levin Lane, Esq. (1793-1863). Mark's family was then living in Washington, D.C. where Lauriston was the Clerk and Registrar of the Department of the Navy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the time of this letter, Mark B. Hardin was serving in the Confederate Army as a Major in command of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, 18th Virginia, assigned to the defenses at Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hooe family was kin to the Hardins through the marriage of Lauriston B. Hardin to his first wife, Anna M. H. Hooe. She was Mark B. Hardin's mother. After Lauriston's (second) marriage to Augusta Lane Hardin, the children of that marriage, Susan L. Hardin and John H. Hardin, adopted the Hooes as their \"Grandparents.\" In this letter, Susan's \"Grandfather,\" Bernard Hooe (1791-1869), is writing for the first time after mail communications were established.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the time period following the Civil War, Mark B. Hardin attempted to start a business in New York City, New York in partnership with William Gilham (1818-1872). Gilham was a West Pointer (Class of 1840) and the former Commandant of Cadets at VMI during Hardin's tenure there before the War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mark Bernard \"Bunny\" Hardin was born on August 14, 1838 in Alexandria, Virginia to Lauriston Bonaparte Hardin (1804-1858) and Anna Maria Hanson Hooe (1817-1845). He entered VMI on September 7, 1854 and graduated on July 4, 1858, standing first in his class. Following graduation he joined the faculty at VMI, teaching chemistry and other subjects until the beginning of the Civil War. ","Hardin served with the 33rd and 9th Virginia Infantry Regiments and with the 18th Battalion Virginia Heavy Artillery. He was captured at Sayler's Creek, Virginia on April 6, 1865 and held at Old Capitol and Johnson's Island prisons. He was released on oath on July 3, 1865 (some records say June 27).","Following the War, Hardin established an analytical chemistry business in New York City, New York where he resided until July 1867. From summer 1867 to September 1890 he was a Professor of Chemistry at VMI. From September 1890 to 1910 he taught at Clemson University, South Carolina.","Hardin married Mary Massie Payne of Warrenton, Virginia, on August 4, 1869, and the couple had eight children. He died on April 26, 1916 in Clemson, South Carolina and is buried at the Old Stone Church Cemetery, Clemson.","This letter was written to Augusta Lane Hardin, Lauriston B. Hardin's second wife and Mark B. Hardin's stepmother. At the time, Mark was 11 years old and his stepmother was visiting her family in Wilmington. This letter was sent to Augusta Hardin in care of Levin Lane, Esq. (1793-1863). Mark's family was then living in Washington, D.C. where Lauriston was the Clerk and Registrar of the Department of the Navy.","At the time of this letter, Mark B. Hardin was serving in the Confederate Army as a Major in command of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, 18th Virginia, assigned to the defenses at Richmond, Virginia.","The Hooe family was kin to the Hardins through the marriage of Lauriston B. Hardin to his first wife, Anna M. H. Hooe. She was Mark B. Hardin's mother. After Lauriston's (second) marriage to Augusta Lane Hardin, the children of that marriage, Susan L. Hardin and John H. Hardin, adopted the Hooes as their \"Grandparents.\" In this letter, Susan's \"Grandfather,\" Bernard Hooe (1791-1869), is writing for the first time after mail communications were established.","During the time period following the Civil War, Mark B. Hardin attempted to start a business in New York City, New York in partnership with William Gilham (1818-1872). Gilham was a West Pointer (Class of 1840) and the former Commandant of Cadets at VMI during Hardin's tenure there before the War."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWashington. April 21st 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Mother\u003cbr\u003e\nAs today is a holiday I thought I would write you a few lines telling you all the news.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLast night there was a very large fire, destroying two or three houses and injuring two or three very much, - the fire began about twelve o'clock and lasted about an hour. A stable was set on fire behind those taverns near the canal, the taverns caught and burnt very badly. There were also several pigeons burnt during the fire. I went up to father's office today and spent the day with him and I had a very fine time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard that there was a very deep snow in Wilmington not long ago. We have had very bad weather too, one day it snowed and rained both.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFather has not determined to get the house near the Fraily's, but he will, if he does not get Captain Powell's near Gadsby's Hotel, he will know tomorrow whether Captain Powell will let him have his for $350 or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFather has been suffering for some time with the pain in his shoulder, but I am happy to say that he is getting a great deal better.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had two or three serenades since you have been gone. The gentlemen came in the parlor and played for almost an hour then went down the front steps and sat on the boxes and played Oh! Susannah, then they went away.\nGive my love to Your Mother and your sisters and Eddy. Miss Anna Tanney has gone to Philadelphia to take a little trip for the benefit of her health, which has been rather bad.\nAfter the cold spell we have had, it is now quite mild again.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaptain Powell's house has a great deal of nice fruit in the garden, which is a very pretty one.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd now as it is getting late I must end my letter.\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Affectionate\u003cbr\u003e\nSon\u003cbr\u003e\nM B Hardin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S.Father is going to write you a few lines. Grand Father sends his love to you and Miss Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eApl. 24, 1849\u003cbr\u003e\nI have but a moment, my dearest wife, to put a short P.S. to your son's letter. He began it on Saturday, but did not finish it till last night. The mail closes early this morning so I must necessarily be short. I was quite disappointed last evening at not receiving a letter from you. I learned, however, that there was no mail south of Petersburg, which I suppose will account for your letters' not coming, as I take if for granted it was started in due time. Well, 'most two weeks have passed since you left us; they have passed quite heavily with me, \u0026amp; I begin to feel quite anxious for the hour of meeting to arrive. I am unable to say how soon I may be able to get off, for as yet, business seems to be increasing rather than falling off; but I will be better able to judge of the prospects when I answer your letter, which I expect tonight or tomorrow. In the near time, I hope you will enjoy yourself, and not get homesick or husband-sick. I have quite recovered from my attack, or rather I feel a great deal better. The pain in my breast and shoulder has \"left for parts unknown\" and I have no cough at all; so on the (subject?) of my health you need not be uneasy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBest love to all the family. How did you enjoy the snow \u0026amp; green peas \u0026amp; perhaps strawberries?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hooe is in Alexandria, which accounts for Mr. Hooe's love coming alone. Good bye -\u003cbr\u003e\nyour devoted husband\u003cbr\u003e\nL B Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBattery 8, Richmond\u003cbr\u003e\nJan'y 3rd 1864\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI received your letter yesterday \u0026amp; was truly glad to hear from you. I should have written before, but your last letter was in some way misplaced and I did not know where to address. You say that if I do not pay you a visit soon that you will never forgive me. If you won't forgive, you'll never forget me, so I am almost determined never to go to see you. But I am sure that such a course will be unnecessary to keep me in your memory, and whenever I can make it conveniently, I shall certainly pay you the visit. Just now it will not be possible to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is true that I am allowing my soldiers to go on furlough, but I do not feel disposed to ask a leave of absence for myself. This is not my dear sister because I am not truly anxious to see you, but because I am now, \u0026amp; will be for some time, quite busy in settling up my official transactions \u0026amp; accounts for the last quarter of the old year. I have not had, Sue, a leave of absence for a single day since I have been in service, and it has become a sort of matter of pride to be able to know that I have never asked for such an indulgence. I determined when I entered the service that I would not apply for a leave unless it was upon a matter of absolute necessity, and I am sure you would not have me break through this resolution. Some of these days when I can convince myself that it is necessary to take a short respite from the duties \u0026amp; troubles of the camp, I will make it a duty, as it will always be my greatest pleasure, to run down \u0026amp; visit you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not think my dear sister, that I am forgetful, or that my affection for you is in the least diminished. I constantly think of you, and am more \u0026amp; more solicitous about you as you grow older. I look forward to the time when this direful war will cease, and anticipate the most delightful seasons of companionship with you. God grant in His Mercy \u0026amp; Providence that these anticipations may be realized.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope you had a pleasant Christmas \u0026amp; that your New Year promises to be a happy one. My Christmas was very dull. No Santa Claus, no merry faces, no big bowl of egg-nog, no family gathering, no luxurious table, nothing, in such, to remind me of the Christmas of the good old times. The New Year has passed upon us, as the old one passed away. Such is the fate of the soldiers. But what else should we expect. We are not in the service to make merry and have fun. Many, very many unpleasant things have to be submitted to. These we must bear as patiently and cheerfully as possible, and recollect the cause in which we are engaged and the mighty interests, which are at stake.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn under regard for self-enjoyment has probably caused some of our reverses; our motto for the New Year should be \"Duty\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou write in such excellent spirits that I am sure you have been enjoying yourself much. This fully compensates for my dull Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the way, Sue, you said something in one of your letters about a very dear friend of yours who was going to pay a visit to Richmond this winter. You stated that she intended staying at Capt Miles Selden's, but did not tell me the name of the young lady. You must let me know who she is, so that I may call on her.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must look around too, and try \u0026amp; find me a nice little sweet-heart by the time I pay you the visit. I can not find anyone to suit me up this way, and I understand that there are some very sweet girls in N.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Jimmy(?) has, I see, been giving you quite an account of my younger days - days before your were born, Sue. I have changed much since then and I daresay Jimmy would not recollect the little curly headed boy who could neither ride nor climb. I should like very much to see him \u0026amp; you must give my love to him. Tell him his instructions were profited by and that the pupil will almost be willing to hazard a trial of powers with his master.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI met a gentleman not long ago who told me that a cousin of mine was stationed in Raleigh. He was on duty in the Provost Marshal's Office. I did not learn his first name but suffice it must be either Jimmy(?) or his brother. If you know what cousin it is, you must tell me in your next letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhil is out in east Tennessee. I heard from him a few days ago. He was very well. Have not heard from Washington lately. Give my love to Johnny \u0026amp; tell him not to grow so fast that I will not know him when I see him. Remember me to your Grandma, Uncle Walter, and all other members of the family. Always send love to Cousins Julia \u0026amp; Eliza. I feel toward them much as if they were near relatives, and never shall forget the pleasant associations with Julia or the sweet little face \u0026amp; manners of Eliza. It seems strange to think that Eliza is now a \"?\". I can scarcely realize it, for it seems but yesterday when she used to play about our house as a mere child. Girls grow so much more rapidly than boys that I expect to find you almost a woman when I pay that visit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite soon, Sue, and tell me what you \u0026amp; Johnny are doing.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWho directed the last two letters you sent me? I am not familiar with the handwriting. It is very pretty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTo Susan L. Hardin\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026amp; John H. Hardin \u003cbr\u003e\nElizabeth, New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 19, 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear children\u003cbr\u003e\nI have anxiously desired, for the four last and eventful years to write to you and afford a proper manifestation of that kind interest and regard which I feel to be preeminently due to you. But my hands have been tied, and I have been denied that privilege by the intervention of causes beyond my control, and resulting most disastrously to our Southern Country, in whose desolation I have been, as you may naturally suppose, an earnest sympathizer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe struggle in which all the energies of our dear people have been most zealously and patriotically enlisted may be regarded as now ended, and I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to begin a correspondence with you which would never have been delayed or suspended but for the distracted state of the country, necessarily interrupting all our social relations \u0026amp; friendly intercourse.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince we had the happiness of seeing each other, sad changes have occurred in our respective families and gloom, amounting almost to despondency, has supervened as resulting from the desolation of our own firesides.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWithin one year after the commencement of the late conflict in which your brother and my youngest son felt impelled to hazard all, in vindication of their inalienable rights, in addition to the sore privation of their society and intercourses, I have been subjected to the deepest affliction in the loss of your dear and devoted Grand-ma, as you were always pleased to call her, of whose presence and good counsel I was deprived on the 14th July 1862, since which time the world has, to me, appeared a desert, offering little inducement to a man of nearly seventy five years, to desire longer to witness its' constant fluctuations and instability.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd I regret to have learned that it has fallen also to your lot to have experienced a similar affliction in the loss of your Grandfather Lane, on which event I beg to assure you that you and your excellent Grandmother have my cordial sympathy and condolence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou will desire to receive some information in regard to your brother, Mark Bernard, which, at this instance, I hasten to communicate, to relieve your anxiety in rogation to him. In the last battle of the army about Richmond, he was captured with a large number of Confederate officers and men attached to the command of Genl. Ewell, and they arrived in Washington City D.C. in the afternoon of that day on which the assassination of the late President, A. Lincoln took place, and but a few hours before that tragic event. The Prisoners, thus captured, were detained in the old Capitol Prison until 4o'c. in the afternoon of Monday the 16th of April, whereby an opportunity was afforded to many of his friends to see him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Johnston, his aunt, Doct. Johnston, his uncle Bernard and I were among those who enjoyed that privilege, and were gratified by a brief interview with him; and profited by the opportunity of furnishing such article of necessary clothing as he was then enabled to take with him and a small sum of money to supply such wants as were not likely to be gratified by the liberality of the United States' Government. After our hurried interview, the Prisoners were conducted to the cars, and were carried to Johnson's Island, (Sandusky, Ohio) where they arrived in about 48 hours, and were as comfortable situated as was consistent with their condition, deprived of their accustomed liberty.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn a few days after his arrival at that place, he wrote to me and gave the information above communicated to you; and has corresponded pretty regularly with his aunts Mrs. Johnston in Washington, and Mrs. Fowle \u0026amp; myself here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis aunts have promptly supplied him with such articles of clothing as he has desired, the list of which was furnished by himself; and by a letter written by him on the 25th day of May, inst., and received by me on Monday last 29th May, the receipt of those articles is acknowledged by him, so that, as far as clothing may be necessary for his comfort, he has been abundantly supplied, according to his own declaration. A further sum of money has been also sent to him in pursuance of the privilege obtained from the authorities at Johnson's Island, and, as long as he may be detained there, every necessary attention will be given to secure his comfort.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoth his aunts and I have written to him, offering him all the consolation in our power, and we have made an earnest appeal to him to avail himself of the earliest opportunity which may be presented, and take the requisite oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, (there being none other now organized or recognized) and come again, and without longer delay, to his friends and relations. This we earnestly hope he will do, and thus place himself in a position to begin life anew, and establish himself in such position as cannot fail to ensure him success and prosperity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour uncle Philip B. Hooe was on the same battlefield on which it was your brother's misfortune to be captured, and in which too Genl. Corse, to whose staff Philip belonged, became also a Prisoner; but by sudden movement as Genl. Corse informs me by letter from Fort Warren, Philip was at the head of the column which escaped the fate of his comrades. I recd. from him yesterday a letter written at Lynchburg, Va. on the 25th of May, informing us that he expects to be in Richmond about this time, and hopes to be with his family in a few days. He was probably a paroled Prisoner embraced in Genl. Lee's surrender, and may thus be enabled to come home at once.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe will continue to look with ceaseless anxiety for the safe and speedy return of both our dear boys, of whose honorable deportment their friends here all feel most proud.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the members of my family both here and in Washington are well and unite in kind regards for your dear Grandmother, Mrs. Lane, and in affectionate remembrance of you both. I sent your brother's address, which, if you wish, may enable you to write to him, if the mail communication between your residence and Sandusky, Ohio, (Johnson's Island) shall be open.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour anxious Grandfather,\u003cbr\u003e\nB. Hooe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington D.C.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 25 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Susan,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 14th inst. was received today \u0026amp; it gives me great pleasure to be able to convey to you favorable news of the health of your talented and gallant brother. He reached Washington, a prisoner of war, a day or two after the surrender of Lee's army. Your Aunt Mary \u0026amp; myself, \u0026amp; also Mr. Hooe, had the pleasure of seeing him. He was quite well \u0026amp; in good spirits. After being detained here a day or two he was sent to Johnson's Island.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is now about two weeks since I obtained from the President an order for his release. I have just learned that he was not released in consequence of an error in the office of the Governor General of Prisoners. They have promised to send on the order by telegraph today. While in prison he has been supplied with money \u0026amp; clothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI cannot say how much money you will be entitled to in the (?) of your father's estate. The farm was sold \u0026amp; a portion of the money received by the Commissioner, who has since died. I presume the whole amount of purchase money may still be collected. The house at the corner of 14 \u0026amp; H. Sts. was sold, under the decree of the court, to satisfy two claims against the estate; the property sold well \u0026amp; there remains over \u0026amp; above these claims between 4 \u0026amp; 5 thousand dollars, which is still in bank \u0026amp; held by the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBesides this your grandfather interest from the proceeds of the rent of the house the sum of $900 in Washington City stock, \u0026amp; a small amt. has been also invested in U.S. stock, about $200 I think.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hold also in my business $69 in Virginia funds which Mr. Hooe received on the sale of certain articles from the farm. These may earn additional sums which I cannot recall at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe are all well \u0026amp; living in Washington (?) (?) in much love to you \u0026amp; your brother \u0026amp; in kindest regards to Mrs. Lane\u003cbr\u003e\nMost affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nYours\u003cbr\u003e\nW.P. Johnston\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePS Mr. Hooe is well \u0026amp; at present living with the Geo Fowle's family at Elizabeth, New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nJ.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth - New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 29th 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Susan,\u003cbr\u003e\nI hasten to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, addressed to Dr. Wm. P. Johnston of Washington, D.C. dated on the 14th inst., forwarded to me from the latter place, and received by mail of yesterday.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou will perceive by the enclosed letter, that I had written to you some time previous to the receipt of your acceptable favor, and it's transmission has been unavoidably delayed by the absence of mail facilities of which distant friends in the South have been hitherto deprived.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaving in that former letter given you a somewhat detailed account of our own family in which no changes have since occurred, it will not now be necessary that I should repeat anything then mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Johnston has informed me by his letter of yesterday that he has answered your enquiries as far as he could, and expresses the hope that your dear brother M.B.H. may arrive here as soon as your letter enclosed to me by him should reach me at this place. Such, however, is not the case, but we are in the constant expectation of having the extreme happiness of greeting his return to his family and friends after his absence of four long \u0026amp; anxious years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMore than two weeks have elapsed since Dr. Johnston obtained from the President an order for our dear boy's release, which, as I presume he has advised you, was by him handed to the proper officer (General Hoffman, the Commissary General of Prisoners) to be by him forwarded to the commanding officer at Johnson's Island, and it was therefore naturally and reasonably expected that he would have been immediately discharged. The delay to do so has been occasioned by some official oversight or inadvertence which a subordinate in the Commissary's Bureau has assured Dr. J. should be immediately remedied by a telegraphic dispatch from that office. You will therefore perceive the ground on which our hope and expectation of his early restoration to us are based, and we most earnestly and anxiously hope we shall be no longer doomed to disappointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am not, my dear child, surprised to hear of the deplorable condition in which you have been left by the late cruel war, by which the whole Southern country has been devastated; and my most anxious desire, in which I am seconded by all the friends of your beloved father and his children, has been, and is to do all in our power for your relief, and as speedily as may be practicable, but there is reason to fear that some time will expire before the desired object can be consummated. Some two creditors of your father, being uneasy in regard to their respective claims against his estate, and being the more apprehensive of tedious delay necessarily resulting from the war, determined to institute legal proceedings for the recovery of their claims; no private arrangement could be made by any of us here, because you and your younger brother were, what is termed in the law infants, whose interests were to be guarded by the court, to which it's supervision properly belongs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA Decree was obtained in the court at Washington for the sale of the Real Estate in that City, and from the proceeds thereof the only remaining debts due from the estate have been discharged, and a balance is left amounting to some six thousand five or six hundred dollars, which has been vested, under the direction of the Court, in United States 7/30 bonds, bearing interest, \u0026amp; subject to the future order of the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to that amount, the proceeds to be derived from the sale of the farm in the country, expects to produce some $5000 or $6000, will be held subject to such disposition as the Courts may direct; we hope therefore that a sum not less that $12,000 may be realized and held subject to the future orders of the Courts in which the proceedings have been instituted, and without the knowledge or consent of myself or any of your friends in Washington or elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe will resort to any legal and proper one and to protect the funds from confiscation or other action of the Government.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen your brother shall arrive here, he will be informed of the circumstances herein detailed, and which have not been yet communicated to him, and after taking such steps as may be deemed proper for the protection of the interest of all the children, as far as that can be effected, you shall be more particularly informed by him and by myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis statement is now made in justice to you all and should have been earlier communicated if I had known your address.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt Ellen and all her family unite with me in the assurance of constant and undiminished interest in, and affection for your little brother John and yourself, and in their high regard for you dear Grandmother Lane, to whom we desire to be presented in terms of kind remembrance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUncertain whether there is a direct communication open to Fayetteville, this will be sent from New York via Wilmington, where your letter to Dr. J. was mailed.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou anxious and affectionate Grandfather\u003cbr\u003e\nB. Hooe\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will be very happy to hear from you, according to the date of this letter. Excuse any interlineations and omissions and make every proper allowance for the nervous writing of your Septuagenarian Grandfather, who does not now find writing as easy as he did five or six year ago. When you write tell Johnny to add a Post Script.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, July 10th (1865)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just arrived here \u0026amp; have seen your letter to Dr. W.P.J. I am now attending to the business referred to in your letter. I think we can so arrange it as to secure all due us - about 11 or 12,000 dollars. It will be necessary for you \u0026amp; John to have a guardian appointed in North Carolina or else to come on here. To save the expense of travel, it will be much better to have, if possible, the guardian appointed in N. Carolina. If the Courts are in operation, have this done at once or let me know when it can be effected. I wish to hear immediately about this, as I will have a petition drawn up \u0026amp; sent in for your guardian to sign. I hope we may be able to avoid the necessity of bringing you here just at this time because we can ill afford it. Great as is my desire to see you, it is necessary for the interest of both of us to be as economical as possible just now, and I must try \u0026amp; establish myself in some business. I have not yet determined where to settle, but will keep you advised.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish your Uncle Walter or your Grandmother would write \u0026amp; let me know exactly how your affairs stand in N.C. Whether you \u0026amp; John have anything left. I supposed that you had property or money in such shape as not to have been effected by the war. Thankful we (must) be that we have all been preserved, \u0026amp; deplorable and heart rending as the times have been, we must look \u0026amp; bend our energies to the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen you write, address (it) care of Dr. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me kindly to you Grandma \u0026amp; friends. Love to John. As you see, I write in great haste \u0026amp; will give you more news at another time.\u003cbr\u003e\nEver your devoted brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 9th (1865)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nYour most welcome letter has been received and I am truly glad to hear that you are all well. I wrote to you about a month ago, and fearing irregularities of the mail, addressed the letter to care of Messrs. DeRosset \u0026amp; Co. Wilmington. I was exceedingly anxious to hear from you, (apprehending?) from your letter to Dr. Johnston that the family has been sorely troubled by the march of troops last spring. Your letter just received gives therefore great relief to the anxiety felt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI told you in my last that the proceeds of sale of Alexa(ndria) property could not be gotten at first (?). The payments have not been completed \u0026amp; little or nothing can be done in the case until the November Court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith regard to the funds in Washington - you and John have each have about $2300, which the court will order to be payed (sic) to your guardian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince writing to you, Judge Wylie has informed me that a guardian can be appointed here without the presence of John \u0026amp; yourself. Therefore if you choose not to have the matter deferred, I will see if the amount in the hands of the court cannot be obtained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhil is still your guardian in Va. \u0026amp; he may possibly get the money without further proceeding in the way of appointments, etc. I will not do anything until I hear from you, but let me know at once whether you wish the money sent on to you. It is at present invested in 7 3/10 bonds. See your Uncle Walter \u0026amp; Grandma \u0026amp; ask their advice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me know what disposition you wish made of the money. I have written this, for fear that you and John may have immediate wants. Tell me also whether you have yet a guardian in North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will not be able to visit you for some time, my dear Sue, as I am yet unemployed \u0026amp; can not think of traveling just now. If I should be fortunate enough to get something to do, I hope to run down and see you all this fall or in the winter. Everything is so compromising, that it is enough to depress anyone. I will keep you constantly informed of my movements and hope soon to tell you that. I am no longer a gentleman of elegance \u0026amp; leisure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddress all your letters for the present to care of Dr. W.P. Johnston. Your affectionate remembrances of Grandfather \u0026amp; the family are highly appreciated and all returning most warmly their love to you \u0026amp; John. Write often Sue \u0026amp; do not be ceremonious. Kindest regards to your grandma \u0026amp; family.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI sent you 33 stamps\u003cbr\u003e\nWashington\u003cbr\u003e\nSep 7th (1865)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just returned from Virginia where I have been for two weeks attending to business. Your letter has just been placed in my hands \u0026amp; I hasten to answer it. I have this morning written to your Uncle Walter, and I hope he will answer without delay, so that I may have the matter of business attended to at once.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJust as soon as a guardian files a proper petition for that portion of the money remaining from the estate in Washington it can be obtained. The money is invested in 7 3/10 bonds \u0026amp; is drawing a good interest, but if you wish it, that is need it, you can get it. It can be placed in the hands of your N. Car. guardian. We can do nothing here until we know whether you have a guardian (or can have one appointed in N.Ca.) Do have the matter attended to at once.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not determined what to do; will let you know as soon as I settle. I will try \u0026amp; go on this fall \u0026amp; see you. The expense of travel is all that prevents me now. I am particularly anxious about the education of Johnny. It must not be neglected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather is in Elizabeth N. Jersey \u0026amp; remembers you most kindly, as do all other members of the family. I am glad to hear that you are progressing so well with your studies \u0026amp; that you are so much pleased with your Cousin Rosa's instruction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to be established some of these days \u0026amp; have a house of my own where you \u0026amp; I \u0026amp; John can take care of each other. Many days of hard work must pass before that can be however, and we must hope for the best.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel relieved when I know that you \u0026amp; John will not suffer \u0026amp; that you have enough money to supply wants for some time to come.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis fall we hope to get hold of the money for the Alexa(ndria) estate. Altogether then each of us will have about $5000 (five thousand) so there is at least no danger of starving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must be hopeful \u0026amp; not allow yourself to despair. Write soon \u0026amp; write often. It will not be long before you hear from me again.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have written very hurriedly, for I have a number of business letters in hand which must be attended to right off. Best of love to all -\u003cbr\u003e\nYour devoted bro(ther)\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth, New Jersey\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 26, 1865\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Susie,\u003cbr\u003e\nI cannot find language suitably to express the gratification I have derived from the receipt of your most acceptable letter of 5th inst. Which came to me yesterday thro' the Post Office at New York, to which I hasten to reply, to show my high appreciation of your kind remembrance of me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf I know myself I can never cease to feel an abiding interest in, and affection for the dear children of your beloved parents, both of whom I have always regarded with the most devoted and earnest attachment. And for the sake of yourself and dear little Johnnie, as well as because of my regard for your dear deceased parents, I can never entertain any other sentiments than those of kindness and affection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou have perceived, by the date of my former letter, that it had been written a considerable time before it was transmitted, awaiting the re-establishment of mail facilities, of which I availed myself at the earliest moment after I had been advised, thro' your letter to Dr. Johnston of Washington City, D.C. as to your address.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI congratulate you on the safety of your brother Bunnie, who passed so successfully thro' the perils to which he was always exposed for the four eventful years of his life, and that he has been restored to his family and friends in that state of health and security which leaves his capacity for future usefulness unimpaired. He is now here, and desires me to say that he has written to you some weeks ago, and addressed his letter to your uncle Walter Lane, Wilmington, N. Carolina: and at the same time he wrote also to him, as your Guardian, informing him what is required by the Courts to be done by him in order that he may receive the share of Johnnie and yourself which has been decreed by the Courts in your favor, and which, if I mistake not, amounts to something near Six thousand dollars, derived from the property in Washington and the farm in Virginia: There will be still a balance coming from the latter source, in regard to which, other proceedings in the Alexandria Court will yet be necessary: what that amount may be I am not now able to inform you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour uncle Walter, as Guardian for you \u0026amp; Johnnie should present his petition in writing to the Circuit Superior Court of Washington County in the District of Columbia, praying an order directing the money now in the First National Bank in Washington (Jay Cooke's) to be paid to him, as Guardian etc., and, in addition, he should also execute a Power of Attorney, to authorize such person as he may designate, to receive the said money. Your brother Bernard is now here, but expects to locate himself, professionally as Chemist, etc., in the City of New York. He has just been appointed by the Board of Visitors of the Military School at Lexington, in Virginia, \"Adjunct Professor of Mineralogy, Chemistry \u0026amp; Geology,\" which, I think, he is disinclined to accept, because of apprehension that the salaries the Institute will be enabled to pay, will be wholly inadequate, and that his prospect of success in New York is more encouraging. He may not therefore be in Washington to give the necessary attention to the collection of the money above referred to, and to avoid any further delay or difficulty about that matter, I would suggest that your Uncle Walter should come to Washington, and, in person, attend to the business. If, however, he shall decline to do so, either because it may be inconvenient for him or for any other reasons, he might give a Power of Attorney to your uncle Philip B. Hooe, who resides in Alexandria \u0026amp; would take pleasure in doing anything in his power to serve him or you. If your uncle shall adopt that course, he can enclose his Petition to the Court, together with the Power of Attorney, to you uncle Phil, in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the losses you have sustained and the privations to which you have been subjected, you have my sincere sympathy, which is also extended to your dear Grandma, whose health I regret to hear has been injuriously affected by the trials she has had to encounter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am pleased to hear that you will probably be at school in Washington next winter: if so, I will have the opportunity to see you, as I think of visiting that City in December, and will perhaps pass the winter there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnnie must follow your good example and write to me: it will afford me the pleasant opportunity of seeing his proficiency, as well as evince his kind remembrance of me: and you must recollect that I will be always most happy to read your letters which you can find time to write to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresent my kind remembrance to your dear Grandma, in which your Aunt Ellen unites.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour uncles Bernard \u0026amp; Phil are in good health - the former retaining his office in the Coast Survey in Washington - and the latter has gone to establish himself in business at Alexandria, which he fears will be an uphill business. Your Aunt Mary Johnston, with the Doct. and all their children are well - Belle at home - Willie, an M.D. and resident Physician in the Hospital in New York - Bunnie has a position in Jay Cooke's Bank in Washington - Jemmie still at school and of good promise \u0026amp; very sprightly - and little George, the baby, rather delicate in health, about eight years old. Your aunt Ellen's health a good deal impaired; the children all well - Nannie at school, now \u0026amp; then only - 18 years old - Nellie, Birdie \u0026amp; Geo, regularly at school - \u0026amp; Philip Rollins, the youngest, a fine boy of four years \u0026amp; much fatter and spoiled, of course. I feel the compliment you pay me and am flattered by your asking for my likeness, which is cheerfully enclosed to you. It is the last I have, but cannot refuse to send it. Accept for your self \u0026amp; Johnnie the assurances of my constant \u0026amp; unchanged affection. My kind remembrance for your Grandma \u0026amp; all the other members of your dear mother's family. Your Grandpa,\u003cbr\u003e\nB. Hooe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just received your letter \u0026amp; hasten to answer it. I am really ashamed of myself for not answering your last before this, but I have put it off from day to day in hopes of being able to write more cheerfully. Please don't stand upon ceremony with me; write whenever you can \u0026amp; if I don't answer promptly know that it is not because I don't think of you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy business has improved some lately \u0026amp; I am in hope that it will pay next year. In that belief I have refused three very handsome offers lately. By the way, speaking of business matters, please tell your Uncle Walter that Phil Hooe wrote to him on important business some time since but has no answer. It would be well for your Uncle Walter to write to him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI do so long for the time when I can settle down \u0026amp; have you and Johnny with me. Tell the boy that he must study \u0026amp; improve himself. I do not wish to be disappointed when I see him. And you Sue, must take care of yourself \u0026amp; not frolic too much at parties. I am delighted to hear at any time that you are enjoying yourself, but be careful of your health \u0026amp; don't always sit up or dance until morning. I am pleased to know that your representation as a house-keeper is so good. I am prodigiously fond of good bread \u0026amp; ginger snaps. I hope to eat some of your making one of these days. I have here a short time since Cousin Sue Hardin, her sister Cynthia, \u0026amp; Jimmy. The second time I called upon them, they had left the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHope however to see them here again soon. It was a great pleasure to meet them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather \u0026amp; Aunts Mary \u0026amp; Ellen, Phil, \u0026amp; in fact all the family, ask after you frequently. I always send love.\nI have written in great haste, my dear Sue, because I am fortunately busy, and I would not put off an answer a single moment lest it might be deferred disgracefully long. Be assured that I often think of you \u0026amp; Johnny \u0026amp; that I hope our \"brief acquaintances\" may in (?) ripen into something like affection.\u003cbr\u003e\nLove to all\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 6th 1867\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been so constantly on the go since I received your letter that I have really not had time to answer it in a way at all satisfactory to myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall probably remain in Alexandria for a week or two as a middle point between New York \u0026amp; Lexington. In the present unsettled condition of my business \u0026amp; the uncertainty as to the future, it is absolutely impossible for me to think of paying you a visit. You cannot be, my dear Sue, more anxious to see me than I am to see you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not been since the war ended in a situation, which would admit of absence from my business. Until I feel that I am settled, it must be a positive \u0026amp; serious disadvantage to me to leave the busy part of the world. I have been \u0026amp; am endeavoring to find a place, which I can make my home. As yet I have not decided, but think it more than probable that I shall accept the chair of Chemistry at the Va Military Institute. So soon as I can possibly go south I shall go to see you. Meantime you must feel that my interest in you is unaltered and that it is only a stern necessity, which keeps us so long apart.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe invention is now in the hands of manufacturer \u0026amp; I do not know what will come of it. They seem very hopeful.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather is here with us. He is quite feeble with age but his health in other respects is good. He always asks (as do the whole family) most affectionately after you \u0026amp; sends now his love to Johnny \u0026amp; yourself. Rest assured\nthat you shall see me as soon as I can take \"a leave\" \u0026amp; that I am always your\u003cbr\u003e\nDevoted brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I.\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va July 28 (1867)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI do not know which of us is the debtor, but it is a matter of small moment should it be considered worth something to wish on such a hot afternoon. Our pastor, the Rev. (William) Pendleton, deferred services on account of the offensive heat, \u0026amp; in reflecting over my short comings I numbered among the most prominent the infrequency of my letters to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou have probably heard or at least \"guessed\" that I have been appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Institute. I have accepted the position, believing it the best thing that I can do - certainly at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf we are not interfered with in any way (and there seems to be no possibility of it) the school promises to be a great success. I do hope that I may be able to settle down in a home at last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI saw young Mr. Goelet in Alexa(ndria) a short time (?) \u0026amp; was glad to meet him \u0026amp; hear from you and cousins Julia \u0026amp; Eliza. When I left them in Alexa(ndria) \u0026amp; Washington Grandfather, Aunt Mary \u0026amp; Belle were all recovering from sickness - and as I have not heard since I presume they are still recovering.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will when the weather is not so terribly (?) (?) you (?) account of Lexington and its improvements. Remember me kindly to your Grandma \u0026amp; Uncle Walter \u0026amp; tell Johnny he is certainly old enough to write.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI enclose a photograph. When you \u0026amp; Johnny can have some taken send me one.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I.\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nNov 2, 67\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue\u003cbr\u003e\nI would have written sooner but I have but recently returned from a trip to N. York. Phil Hooe was married to Miss Mary Dangerfield in Alexandria on the 15th Oct. and I went on to wait on him. The Superintendent at the same time sent me to N. York on business for the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI only stayed three days in Alexandria. The wedding was a very quiet one no one being present except the members of the family. The loss of Phil will be keenly felt by Aunt Ellen who has looked almost entirely to him as a protector since the death of Mr. Fowle. He will however be so near her in the same town that she will soon become reconciled, I hope, to the new state of things.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather's health is somewhat improved though he does not seem to be entirely free from recurrences of the complaint of last summer. Bunny Johnston was not well when I left - the rest of the family in good health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI met Will Hardin in N. York. Told him to give my love to you when he sees you \u0026amp; to tell you how I regretted the necessity, which kept me from seeing you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Institute is progressing satisfactorily. We have now 250 cadets, as many as our buildings can accommodate in their present condition. We expect to have the restoration of the barracks completed by next Spring or Summer - Give love to Johnny \u0026amp; your grandma \u0026amp; remember me to your Uncle Walter.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington Va\u003cbr\u003e\nDec 6th 67\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour letter has just reached me, my dear Sue, and I can scarcely express my astonishment at the news it contains. I thought from your previous letters that you were either in jest or that you were, like most girls of your age, building castles to play with in the air.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI had no idea that you were serious, and could scarcely believe it now but for the womanly and dispassionate way in which you write.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI should have been much pleased to have met Mr. McPherson.\nI am gratified to know that you are not acting hastily and that the engagement has the entire sanction of your relatives. It would give me pleasure to visit you this winter \u0026amp; I would like to be present at your wedding, but I do not see how I can possibly go.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThank my little coquette of a cousin for her thoughtfulness, and tell her if she is satisfied, of course I am. She speaks very authoritatively, however, and I should like above all things to give her a little lecture on the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad to hear that Johnnie is improving \u0026amp; taking some interest in his studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to your Grandma \u0026amp; Uncle Walter \u0026amp; believe me yours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Lexington Va\u003cbr\u003e\nJany 18th 1868\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhy have you not written, my dear Sue? I should have made this inquiry before, but we have been so busy during the day lately with our examinations and so thoroughly worn out at night that I have really been unable to do more that to wait for an answer to my last. This answer I have anxiously look for, as you said in your letter announcing your engagement that the day for the marriage was not definitely fixed. I took it for granted that you would let me know the day appointed, for while I could not leave the Institute to be present at the wedding, yet I expected to be present with you in spirit. I suffice therefore that the wedding has been deferred. Let me know all about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrandfather \u0026amp; all the family wrote me that they wished you much happiness, \u0026amp; Grandfather has written to congratulate you if he has been well enough to do so. He wrote for your address, saying that he would certainly write to you, but he has been subject to so many attacks lately, that I fear he may not have been (?) enough to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI can scarcely forgive you for keeping me in such suspense \u0026amp; hope you will say(?) and atone for the past by writing without delay. Let me know the time fixed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to your Grandma \u0026amp; Johnny \u0026amp; remembrance to your Uncle Walter - Love to cousins Julia \u0026amp; Eliza when you see them \u0026amp; tell the latter I hope to have that quarrel with her yet.\u003cbr\u003e\nWith best love yours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nBunny\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJany 23rd 1873\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sue,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been intending for some time to answer your letter which has very (?) indeed. But you know how it is as well as I can tell you everyone who has many duties \u0026amp; cases find it difficult to write just when he thinks of it or feel like it. I know that I am not thoughtless - I sent you some days ago one of Lauriston's pictures. I intended sending you a \"head\" which shows his face \u0026amp; expression better, but Mother thought the full length figure would give one who had never seen him a better idea of the child. When I have more of the \"head\" printed I will send you one also.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad that you \u0026amp; your family are well \u0026amp; that Johnny is about to go to work. I wish he could have made himself a physician \u0026amp; established himself where he could have had a lucrative practice \u0026amp; made a reputation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStill if he prefers business to practicing medicine I would not have him go against his inclination or tastes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA wholesale Gr(ocer)y business if properly managed is a very profitable one, and even the ordinary retail business can be made to pay well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not learned anything more my dear Sue about your mother's grave. As I told you, I went to Alexandria \u0026amp; asked everyone that I thought likely to know anything about it. I was not present at the funeral nor at that of Father. Father was buried in our little family lot, and I do not see how there could have been room for either your mother or little Fannie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe lot is small - These lie in it. Grandfather, Grandmother, (?) Bernard, Mr. Fowle, \u0026amp; the children lost by Aunt Mary \u0026amp; Aunt Ellen. In one corner of it my Mother \u0026amp; little brother Lauriston \u0026amp; next to them our father. So little space has there that I could not erect a memorial to Father such as I wished \u0026amp; therefore had to place two small marble stones to mark the spot \u0026amp; to put the dates on the side of my mother's monument which faces his grave.\nThis is a painful subject to me as well as your self \u0026amp; I would not enter into such details except to make the case clear to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe only possible place in the lot it seems to me was in the corner next to my mother's grave, but the sexton said he did not think there was room there \u0026amp; he could not dig to see without removing, or endangering, my mother's monument.\nThe only person I have not yet asked about it is Aunt Mary in Washington. I will do this, and if I go on next summer will try my best to ascertain something about it. I was at little Fannie's funeral, but cannot recollect (though I have tried again \u0026amp; again) where she was buried. It is very strange that no one seems to know anything about the matter - but as I told you, I never had, until I wrote you a few years ago about father's death, the slightest idea that your mother was buried in Alexa(ndria). May you not after all be mistaken?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to your Grandma, \u0026amp; Johnny, remembrances to your Uncle Walter, regards to McPherson, kisses to the children \u0026amp; yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nMBH\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClemson College, S.C.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 7th 1895\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear John\u003cbr\u003e\nI enclose money order for $1.23 which according to your letter is my share of taxes on Montgomery Co property for 1894 - You do not state whether state of taxation has been diminished or whether you have surrendered some of the land, or finally whether we have ceased to pay taxes in the Hill share. Please explain - Mr. Cutler (?) - Section Missing - ...to hear that you have had sickness in your family. Love to all\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClemson College S.C.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 28 1897\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear John\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen I wrote you last year about the tax on Montgomery Co N.C. property you said that you were just going to attend to it, but you have not written about it since - Please let me know what I owe to (?) - My last payment according to my books was May 7th 1895 $1.23.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope you are well. I was in Marlborough Co S.C. last spring and was surely tempted to run over \u0026amp; see you \u0026amp; Sue but found that I could not spare the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry we can not see something of each other \u0026amp; that Sue's girls \u0026amp; mine can not manage to exchange visits - My girls have been in Va this month.\u003cbr\u003e\nLove to all -\u003cbr\u003e\nAffectionately your brother\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 24 99\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear John\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter is quite a treat. Mary has been with you a long time but as you are all so good as to wish her to say until after Easter I will give my consent as I understand that Sue will come on with her. I hope Eliza will come also.\nMary has enjoyed, and is enjoying, herself greatly, and I am very glad she has had the chance of knowing you all - I only whish I could go down and bring the party back with me.\u003cbr\u003e\nLove to all\u003cbr\u003e\nYours affectionately\u003cbr\u003e\nM.B. Hardin\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","General","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Washington. April 21st 1849","My dear Mother \nAs today is a holiday I thought I would write you a few lines telling you all the news.","Last night there was a very large fire, destroying two or three houses and injuring two or three very much, - the fire began about twelve o'clock and lasted about an hour. A stable was set on fire behind those taverns near the canal, the taverns caught and burnt very badly. There were also several pigeons burnt during the fire. I went up to father's office today and spent the day with him and I had a very fine time.","I heard that there was a very deep snow in Wilmington not long ago. We have had very bad weather too, one day it snowed and rained both.","Father has not determined to get the house near the Fraily's, but he will, if he does not get Captain Powell's near Gadsby's Hotel, he will know tomorrow whether Captain Powell will let him have his for $350 or not.","Father has been suffering for some time with the pain in his shoulder, but I am happy to say that he is getting a great deal better.","We have had two or three serenades since you have been gone. The gentlemen came in the parlor and played for almost an hour then went down the front steps and sat on the boxes and played Oh! Susannah, then they went away.\nGive my love to Your Mother and your sisters and Eddy. Miss Anna Tanney has gone to Philadelphia to take a little trip for the benefit of her health, which has been rather bad.\nAfter the cold spell we have had, it is now quite mild again.","Captain Powell's house has a great deal of nice fruit in the garden, which is a very pretty one.","And now as it is getting late I must end my letter. \nFrom \nYour Affectionate \nSon \nM B Hardin","P.S.Father is going to write you a few lines. Grand Father sends his love to you and Miss Virginia.","Apl. 24, 1849 \nI have but a moment, my dearest wife, to put a short P.S. to your son's letter. He began it on Saturday, but did not finish it till last night. The mail closes early this morning so I must necessarily be short. I was quite disappointed last evening at not receiving a letter from you. I learned, however, that there was no mail south of Petersburg, which I suppose will account for your letters' not coming, as I take if for granted it was started in due time. Well, 'most two weeks have passed since you left us; they have passed quite heavily with me, \u0026 I begin to feel quite anxious for the hour of meeting to arrive. I am unable to say how soon I may be able to get off, for as yet, business seems to be increasing rather than falling off; but I will be better able to judge of the prospects when I answer your letter, which I expect tonight or tomorrow. In the near time, I hope you will enjoy yourself, and not get homesick or husband-sick. I have quite recovered from my attack, or rather I feel a great deal better. The pain in my breast and shoulder has \"left for parts unknown\" and I have no cough at all; so on the (subject?) of my health you need not be uneasy.","Best love to all the family. How did you enjoy the snow \u0026 green peas \u0026 perhaps strawberries?","Mr. Hooe is in Alexandria, which accounts for Mr. Hooe's love coming alone. Good bye - \nyour devoted husband \nL B Hardin","Battery 8, Richmond \nJan'y 3rd 1864","Dear Sue \nI received your letter yesterday \u0026 was truly glad to hear from you. I should have written before, but your last letter was in some way misplaced and I did not know where to address. You say that if I do not pay you a visit soon that you will never forgive me. If you won't forgive, you'll never forget me, so I am almost determined never to go to see you. But I am sure that such a course will be unnecessary to keep me in your memory, and whenever I can make it conveniently, I shall certainly pay you the visit. Just now it will not be possible to do so.","It is true that I am allowing my soldiers to go on furlough, but I do not feel disposed to ask a leave of absence for myself. This is not my dear sister because I am not truly anxious to see you, but because I am now, \u0026 will be for some time, quite busy in settling up my official transactions \u0026 accounts for the last quarter of the old year. I have not had, Sue, a leave of absence for a single day since I have been in service, and it has become a sort of matter of pride to be able to know that I have never asked for such an indulgence. I determined when I entered the service that I would not apply for a leave unless it was upon a matter of absolute necessity, and I am sure you would not have me break through this resolution. Some of these days when I can convince myself that it is necessary to take a short respite from the duties \u0026 troubles of the camp, I will make it a duty, as it will always be my greatest pleasure, to run down \u0026 visit you.","Do not think my dear sister, that I am forgetful, or that my affection for you is in the least diminished. I constantly think of you, and am more \u0026 more solicitous about you as you grow older. I look forward to the time when this direful war will cease, and anticipate the most delightful seasons of companionship with you. God grant in His Mercy \u0026 Providence that these anticipations may be realized.","I hope you had a pleasant Christmas \u0026 that your New Year promises to be a happy one. My Christmas was very dull. No Santa Claus, no merry faces, no big bowl of egg-nog, no family gathering, no luxurious table, nothing, in such, to remind me of the Christmas of the good old times. The New Year has passed upon us, as the old one passed away. Such is the fate of the soldiers. But what else should we expect. We are not in the service to make merry and have fun. Many, very many unpleasant things have to be submitted to. These we must bear as patiently and cheerfully as possible, and recollect the cause in which we are engaged and the mighty interests, which are at stake.","An under regard for self-enjoyment has probably caused some of our reverses; our motto for the New Year should be \"Duty\".","You write in such excellent spirits that I am sure you have been enjoying yourself much. This fully compensates for my dull Christmas.","By the way, Sue, you said something in one of your letters about a very dear friend of yours who was going to pay a visit to Richmond this winter. You stated that she intended staying at Capt Miles Selden's, but did not tell me the name of the young lady. You must let me know who she is, so that I may call on her.","You must look around too, and try \u0026 find me a nice little sweet-heart by the time I pay you the visit. I can not find anyone to suit me up this way, and I understand that there are some very sweet girls in N.C.","Cousin Jimmy(?) has, I see, been giving you quite an account of my younger days - days before your were born, Sue. I have changed much since then and I daresay Jimmy would not recollect the little curly headed boy who could neither ride nor climb. I should like very much to see him \u0026 you must give my love to him. Tell him his instructions were profited by and that the pupil will almost be willing to hazard a trial of powers with his master.","I met a gentleman not long ago who told me that a cousin of mine was stationed in Raleigh. He was on duty in the Provost Marshal's Office. I did not learn his first name but suffice it must be either Jimmy(?) or his brother. If you know what cousin it is, you must tell me in your next letter.","Phil is out in east Tennessee. I heard from him a few days ago. He was very well. Have not heard from Washington lately. Give my love to Johnny \u0026 tell him not to grow so fast that I will not know him when I see him. Remember me to your Grandma, Uncle Walter, and all other members of the family. Always send love to Cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. I feel toward them much as if they were near relatives, and never shall forget the pleasant associations with Julia or the sweet little face \u0026 manners of Eliza. It seems strange to think that Eliza is now a \"?\". I can scarcely realize it, for it seems but yesterday when she used to play about our house as a mere child. Girls grow so much more rapidly than boys that I expect to find you almost a woman when I pay that visit.","Write soon, Sue, and tell me what you \u0026 Johnny are doing. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","Who directed the last two letters you sent me? I am not familiar with the handwriting. It is very pretty.","To Susan L. Hardin \n\u0026 John H. Hardin  \nElizabeth, New Jersey \nJune 19, 1865","My dear children \nI have anxiously desired, for the four last and eventful years to write to you and afford a proper manifestation of that kind interest and regard which I feel to be preeminently due to you. But my hands have been tied, and I have been denied that privilege by the intervention of causes beyond my control, and resulting most disastrously to our Southern Country, in whose desolation I have been, as you may naturally suppose, an earnest sympathizer.","The struggle in which all the energies of our dear people have been most zealously and patriotically enlisted may be regarded as now ended, and I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to begin a correspondence with you which would never have been delayed or suspended but for the distracted state of the country, necessarily interrupting all our social relations \u0026 friendly intercourse.","Since we had the happiness of seeing each other, sad changes have occurred in our respective families and gloom, amounting almost to despondency, has supervened as resulting from the desolation of our own firesides.","Within one year after the commencement of the late conflict in which your brother and my youngest son felt impelled to hazard all, in vindication of their inalienable rights, in addition to the sore privation of their society and intercourses, I have been subjected to the deepest affliction in the loss of your dear and devoted Grand-ma, as you were always pleased to call her, of whose presence and good counsel I was deprived on the 14th July 1862, since which time the world has, to me, appeared a desert, offering little inducement to a man of nearly seventy five years, to desire longer to witness its' constant fluctuations and instability.","And I regret to have learned that it has fallen also to your lot to have experienced a similar affliction in the loss of your Grandfather Lane, on which event I beg to assure you that you and your excellent Grandmother have my cordial sympathy and condolence.","You will desire to receive some information in regard to your brother, Mark Bernard, which, at this instance, I hasten to communicate, to relieve your anxiety in rogation to him. In the last battle of the army about Richmond, he was captured with a large number of Confederate officers and men attached to the command of Genl. Ewell, and they arrived in Washington City D.C. in the afternoon of that day on which the assassination of the late President, A. Lincoln took place, and but a few hours before that tragic event. The Prisoners, thus captured, were detained in the old Capitol Prison until 4o'c. in the afternoon of Monday the 16th of April, whereby an opportunity was afforded to many of his friends to see him.","Mrs. Johnston, his aunt, Doct. Johnston, his uncle Bernard and I were among those who enjoyed that privilege, and were gratified by a brief interview with him; and profited by the opportunity of furnishing such article of necessary clothing as he was then enabled to take with him and a small sum of money to supply such wants as were not likely to be gratified by the liberality of the United States' Government. After our hurried interview, the Prisoners were conducted to the cars, and were carried to Johnson's Island, (Sandusky, Ohio) where they arrived in about 48 hours, and were as comfortable situated as was consistent with their condition, deprived of their accustomed liberty.","In a few days after his arrival at that place, he wrote to me and gave the information above communicated to you; and has corresponded pretty regularly with his aunts Mrs. Johnston in Washington, and Mrs. Fowle \u0026 myself here.","His aunts have promptly supplied him with such articles of clothing as he has desired, the list of which was furnished by himself; and by a letter written by him on the 25th day of May, inst., and received by me on Monday last 29th May, the receipt of those articles is acknowledged by him, so that, as far as clothing may be necessary for his comfort, he has been abundantly supplied, according to his own declaration. A further sum of money has been also sent to him in pursuance of the privilege obtained from the authorities at Johnson's Island, and, as long as he may be detained there, every necessary attention will be given to secure his comfort.","Both his aunts and I have written to him, offering him all the consolation in our power, and we have made an earnest appeal to him to avail himself of the earliest opportunity which may be presented, and take the requisite oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, (there being none other now organized or recognized) and come again, and without longer delay, to his friends and relations. This we earnestly hope he will do, and thus place himself in a position to begin life anew, and establish himself in such position as cannot fail to ensure him success and prosperity.","Your uncle Philip B. Hooe was on the same battlefield on which it was your brother's misfortune to be captured, and in which too Genl. Corse, to whose staff Philip belonged, became also a Prisoner; but by sudden movement as Genl. Corse informs me by letter from Fort Warren, Philip was at the head of the column which escaped the fate of his comrades. I recd. from him yesterday a letter written at Lynchburg, Va. on the 25th of May, informing us that he expects to be in Richmond about this time, and hopes to be with his family in a few days. He was probably a paroled Prisoner embraced in Genl. Lee's surrender, and may thus be enabled to come home at once.","We will continue to look with ceaseless anxiety for the safe and speedy return of both our dear boys, of whose honorable deportment their friends here all feel most proud.","All the members of my family both here and in Washington are well and unite in kind regards for your dear Grandmother, Mrs. Lane, and in affectionate remembrance of you both. I sent your brother's address, which, if you wish, may enable you to write to him, if the mail communication between your residence and Sandusky, Ohio, (Johnson's Island) shall be open. \nYour anxious Grandfather, \nB. Hooe","Washington D.C. \nJune 25 1865","My dear Susan, \nYour letter of the 14th inst. was received today \u0026 it gives me great pleasure to be able to convey to you favorable news of the health of your talented and gallant brother. He reached Washington, a prisoner of war, a day or two after the surrender of Lee's army. Your Aunt Mary \u0026 myself, \u0026 also Mr. Hooe, had the pleasure of seeing him. He was quite well \u0026 in good spirits. After being detained here a day or two he was sent to Johnson's Island.","It is now about two weeks since I obtained from the President an order for his release. I have just learned that he was not released in consequence of an error in the office of the Governor General of Prisoners. They have promised to send on the order by telegraph today. While in prison he has been supplied with money \u0026 clothing.","I cannot say how much money you will be entitled to in the (?) of your father's estate. The farm was sold \u0026 a portion of the money received by the Commissioner, who has since died. I presume the whole amount of purchase money may still be collected. The house at the corner of 14 \u0026 H. Sts. was sold, under the decree of the court, to satisfy two claims against the estate; the property sold well \u0026 there remains over \u0026 above these claims between 4 \u0026 5 thousand dollars, which is still in bank \u0026 held by the court.","Besides this your grandfather interest from the proceeds of the rent of the house the sum of $900 in Washington City stock, \u0026 a small amt. has been also invested in U.S. stock, about $200 I think.","I hold also in my business $69 in Virginia funds which Mr. Hooe received on the sale of certain articles from the farm. These may earn additional sums which I cannot recall at present.","We are all well \u0026 living in Washington (?) (?) in much love to you \u0026 your brother \u0026 in kindest regards to Mrs. Lane \nMost affectionately \nYours \nW.P. Johnston","PS Mr. Hooe is well \u0026 at present living with the Geo Fowle's family at Elizabeth, New Jersey \nJ.","Elizabeth - New Jersey \nJune 29th 1865","My dear Susan, \nI hasten to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, addressed to Dr. Wm. P. Johnston of Washington, D.C. dated on the 14th inst., forwarded to me from the latter place, and received by mail of yesterday.","You will perceive by the enclosed letter, that I had written to you some time previous to the receipt of your acceptable favor, and it's transmission has been unavoidably delayed by the absence of mail facilities of which distant friends in the South have been hitherto deprived.","Having in that former letter given you a somewhat detailed account of our own family in which no changes have since occurred, it will not now be necessary that I should repeat anything then mentioned.","Dr. Johnston has informed me by his letter of yesterday that he has answered your enquiries as far as he could, and expresses the hope that your dear brother M.B.H. may arrive here as soon as your letter enclosed to me by him should reach me at this place. Such, however, is not the case, but we are in the constant expectation of having the extreme happiness of greeting his return to his family and friends after his absence of four long \u0026 anxious years.","More than two weeks have elapsed since Dr. Johnston obtained from the President an order for our dear boy's release, which, as I presume he has advised you, was by him handed to the proper officer (General Hoffman, the Commissary General of Prisoners) to be by him forwarded to the commanding officer at Johnson's Island, and it was therefore naturally and reasonably expected that he would have been immediately discharged. The delay to do so has been occasioned by some official oversight or inadvertence which a subordinate in the Commissary's Bureau has assured Dr. J. should be immediately remedied by a telegraphic dispatch from that office. You will therefore perceive the ground on which our hope and expectation of his early restoration to us are based, and we most earnestly and anxiously hope we shall be no longer doomed to disappointment.","I am not, my dear child, surprised to hear of the deplorable condition in which you have been left by the late cruel war, by which the whole Southern country has been devastated; and my most anxious desire, in which I am seconded by all the friends of your beloved father and his children, has been, and is to do all in our power for your relief, and as speedily as may be practicable, but there is reason to fear that some time will expire before the desired object can be consummated. Some two creditors of your father, being uneasy in regard to their respective claims against his estate, and being the more apprehensive of tedious delay necessarily resulting from the war, determined to institute legal proceedings for the recovery of their claims; no private arrangement could be made by any of us here, because you and your younger brother were, what is termed in the law infants, whose interests were to be guarded by the court, to which it's supervision properly belongs.","A Decree was obtained in the court at Washington for the sale of the Real Estate in that City, and from the proceeds thereof the only remaining debts due from the estate have been discharged, and a balance is left amounting to some six thousand five or six hundred dollars, which has been vested, under the direction of the Court, in United States 7/30 bonds, bearing interest, \u0026 subject to the future order of the court.","In addition to that amount, the proceeds to be derived from the sale of the farm in the country, expects to produce some $5000 or $6000, will be held subject to such disposition as the Courts may direct; we hope therefore that a sum not less that $12,000 may be realized and held subject to the future orders of the Courts in which the proceedings have been instituted, and without the knowledge or consent of myself or any of your friends in Washington or elsewhere.","We will resort to any legal and proper one and to protect the funds from confiscation or other action of the Government.","When your brother shall arrive here, he will be informed of the circumstances herein detailed, and which have not been yet communicated to him, and after taking such steps as may be deemed proper for the protection of the interest of all the children, as far as that can be effected, you shall be more particularly informed by him and by myself.","This statement is now made in justice to you all and should have been earlier communicated if I had known your address.","Your Aunt Ellen and all her family unite with me in the assurance of constant and undiminished interest in, and affection for your little brother John and yourself, and in their high regard for you dear Grandmother Lane, to whom we desire to be presented in terms of kind remembrance.","Uncertain whether there is a direct communication open to Fayetteville, this will be sent from New York via Wilmington, where your letter to Dr. J. was mailed. \nYou anxious and affectionate Grandfather \nB. Hooe","I will be very happy to hear from you, according to the date of this letter. Excuse any interlineations and omissions and make every proper allowance for the nervous writing of your Septuagenarian Grandfather, who does not now find writing as easy as he did five or six year ago. When you write tell Johnny to add a Post Script.","Washington, July 10th (1865)","My dear Sue \nI have just arrived here \u0026 have seen your letter to Dr. W.P.J. I am now attending to the business referred to in your letter. I think we can so arrange it as to secure all due us - about 11 or 12,000 dollars. It will be necessary for you \u0026 John to have a guardian appointed in North Carolina or else to come on here. To save the expense of travel, it will be much better to have, if possible, the guardian appointed in N. Carolina. If the Courts are in operation, have this done at once or let me know when it can be effected. I wish to hear immediately about this, as I will have a petition drawn up \u0026 sent in for your guardian to sign. I hope we may be able to avoid the necessity of bringing you here just at this time because we can ill afford it. Great as is my desire to see you, it is necessary for the interest of both of us to be as economical as possible just now, and I must try \u0026 establish myself in some business. I have not yet determined where to settle, but will keep you advised.","I wish your Uncle Walter or your Grandmother would write \u0026 let me know exactly how your affairs stand in N.C. Whether you \u0026 John have anything left. I supposed that you had property or money in such shape as not to have been effected by the war. Thankful we (must) be that we have all been preserved, \u0026 deplorable and heart rending as the times have been, we must look \u0026 bend our energies to the future.","When you write, address (it) care of Dr. Johnston.","Remember me kindly to you Grandma \u0026 friends. Love to John. As you see, I write in great haste \u0026 will give you more news at another time. \nEver your devoted brother \nBunny","Washington \nAug 9th (1865)","My dear Sue \nYour most welcome letter has been received and I am truly glad to hear that you are all well. I wrote to you about a month ago, and fearing irregularities of the mail, addressed the letter to care of Messrs. DeRosset \u0026 Co. Wilmington. I was exceedingly anxious to hear from you, (apprehending?) from your letter to Dr. Johnston that the family has been sorely troubled by the march of troops last spring. Your letter just received gives therefore great relief to the anxiety felt.","I told you in my last that the proceeds of sale of Alexa(ndria) property could not be gotten at first (?). The payments have not been completed \u0026 little or nothing can be done in the case until the November Court.","With regard to the funds in Washington - you and John have each have about $2300, which the court will order to be payed (sic) to your guardian.","Since writing to you, Judge Wylie has informed me that a guardian can be appointed here without the presence of John \u0026 yourself. Therefore if you choose not to have the matter deferred, I will see if the amount in the hands of the court cannot be obtained.","Phil is still your guardian in Va. \u0026 he may possibly get the money without further proceeding in the way of appointments, etc. I will not do anything until I hear from you, but let me know at once whether you wish the money sent on to you. It is at present invested in 7 3/10 bonds. See your Uncle Walter \u0026 Grandma \u0026 ask their advice.","Let me know what disposition you wish made of the money. I have written this, for fear that you and John may have immediate wants. Tell me also whether you have yet a guardian in North Carolina.","I will not be able to visit you for some time, my dear Sue, as I am yet unemployed \u0026 can not think of traveling just now. If I should be fortunate enough to get something to do, I hope to run down and see you all this fall or in the winter. Everything is so compromising, that it is enough to depress anyone. I will keep you constantly informed of my movements and hope soon to tell you that. I am no longer a gentleman of elegance \u0026 leisure.","Address all your letters for the present to care of Dr. W.P. Johnston. Your affectionate remembrances of Grandfather \u0026 the family are highly appreciated and all returning most warmly their love to you \u0026 John. Write often Sue \u0026 do not be ceremonious. Kindest regards to your grandma \u0026 family. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","I sent you 33 stamps \nWashington \nSep 7th (1865)","My dear Sue, \nI have just returned from Virginia where I have been for two weeks attending to business. Your letter has just been placed in my hands \u0026 I hasten to answer it. I have this morning written to your Uncle Walter, and I hope he will answer without delay, so that I may have the matter of business attended to at once.","Just as soon as a guardian files a proper petition for that portion of the money remaining from the estate in Washington it can be obtained. The money is invested in 7 3/10 bonds \u0026 is drawing a good interest, but if you wish it, that is need it, you can get it. It can be placed in the hands of your N. Car. guardian. We can do nothing here until we know whether you have a guardian (or can have one appointed in N.Ca.) Do have the matter attended to at once.","I have not determined what to do; will let you know as soon as I settle. I will try \u0026 go on this fall \u0026 see you. The expense of travel is all that prevents me now. I am particularly anxious about the education of Johnny. It must not be neglected.","Grandfather is in Elizabeth N. Jersey \u0026 remembers you most kindly, as do all other members of the family. I am glad to hear that you are progressing so well with your studies \u0026 that you are so much pleased with your Cousin Rosa's instruction.","I hope to be established some of these days \u0026 have a house of my own where you \u0026 I \u0026 John can take care of each other. Many days of hard work must pass before that can be however, and we must hope for the best.","I feel relieved when I know that you \u0026 John will not suffer \u0026 that you have enough money to supply wants for some time to come.","This fall we hope to get hold of the money for the Alexa(ndria) estate. Altogether then each of us will have about $5000 (five thousand) so there is at least no danger of starving.","You must be hopeful \u0026 not allow yourself to despair. Write soon \u0026 write often. It will not be long before you hear from me again.","I have written very hurriedly, for I have a number of business letters in hand which must be attended to right off. Best of love to all - \nYour devoted bro(ther) \nBunny","Elizabeth, New Jersey \nSeptember 26, 1865","My dear Susie, \nI cannot find language suitably to express the gratification I have derived from the receipt of your most acceptable letter of 5th inst. Which came to me yesterday thro' the Post Office at New York, to which I hasten to reply, to show my high appreciation of your kind remembrance of me.","If I know myself I can never cease to feel an abiding interest in, and affection for the dear children of your beloved parents, both of whom I have always regarded with the most devoted and earnest attachment. And for the sake of yourself and dear little Johnnie, as well as because of my regard for your dear deceased parents, I can never entertain any other sentiments than those of kindness and affection.","You have perceived, by the date of my former letter, that it had been written a considerable time before it was transmitted, awaiting the re-establishment of mail facilities, of which I availed myself at the earliest moment after I had been advised, thro' your letter to Dr. Johnston of Washington City, D.C. as to your address.","I congratulate you on the safety of your brother Bunnie, who passed so successfully thro' the perils to which he was always exposed for the four eventful years of his life, and that he has been restored to his family and friends in that state of health and security which leaves his capacity for future usefulness unimpaired. He is now here, and desires me to say that he has written to you some weeks ago, and addressed his letter to your uncle Walter Lane, Wilmington, N. Carolina: and at the same time he wrote also to him, as your Guardian, informing him what is required by the Courts to be done by him in order that he may receive the share of Johnnie and yourself which has been decreed by the Courts in your favor, and which, if I mistake not, amounts to something near Six thousand dollars, derived from the property in Washington and the farm in Virginia: There will be still a balance coming from the latter source, in regard to which, other proceedings in the Alexandria Court will yet be necessary: what that amount may be I am not now able to inform you.","Your uncle Walter, as Guardian for you \u0026 Johnnie should present his petition in writing to the Circuit Superior Court of Washington County in the District of Columbia, praying an order directing the money now in the First National Bank in Washington (Jay Cooke's) to be paid to him, as Guardian etc., and, in addition, he should also execute a Power of Attorney, to authorize such person as he may designate, to receive the said money. Your brother Bernard is now here, but expects to locate himself, professionally as Chemist, etc., in the City of New York. He has just been appointed by the Board of Visitors of the Military School at Lexington, in Virginia, \"Adjunct Professor of Mineralogy, Chemistry \u0026 Geology,\" which, I think, he is disinclined to accept, because of apprehension that the salaries the Institute will be enabled to pay, will be wholly inadequate, and that his prospect of success in New York is more encouraging. He may not therefore be in Washington to give the necessary attention to the collection of the money above referred to, and to avoid any further delay or difficulty about that matter, I would suggest that your Uncle Walter should come to Washington, and, in person, attend to the business. If, however, he shall decline to do so, either because it may be inconvenient for him or for any other reasons, he might give a Power of Attorney to your uncle Philip B. Hooe, who resides in Alexandria \u0026 would take pleasure in doing anything in his power to serve him or you. If your uncle shall adopt that course, he can enclose his Petition to the Court, together with the Power of Attorney, to you uncle Phil, in Alexandria.","In the losses you have sustained and the privations to which you have been subjected, you have my sincere sympathy, which is also extended to your dear Grandma, whose health I regret to hear has been injuriously affected by the trials she has had to encounter.","I am pleased to hear that you will probably be at school in Washington next winter: if so, I will have the opportunity to see you, as I think of visiting that City in December, and will perhaps pass the winter there.","Johnnie must follow your good example and write to me: it will afford me the pleasant opportunity of seeing his proficiency, as well as evince his kind remembrance of me: and you must recollect that I will be always most happy to read your letters which you can find time to write to me.","Present my kind remembrance to your dear Grandma, in which your Aunt Ellen unites.","Your uncles Bernard \u0026 Phil are in good health - the former retaining his office in the Coast Survey in Washington - and the latter has gone to establish himself in business at Alexandria, which he fears will be an uphill business. Your Aunt Mary Johnston, with the Doct. and all their children are well - Belle at home - Willie, an M.D. and resident Physician in the Hospital in New York - Bunnie has a position in Jay Cooke's Bank in Washington - Jemmie still at school and of good promise \u0026 very sprightly - and little George, the baby, rather delicate in health, about eight years old. Your aunt Ellen's health a good deal impaired; the children all well - Nannie at school, now \u0026 then only - 18 years old - Nellie, Birdie \u0026 Geo, regularly at school - \u0026 Philip Rollins, the youngest, a fine boy of four years \u0026 much fatter and spoiled, of course. I feel the compliment you pay me and am flattered by your asking for my likeness, which is cheerfully enclosed to you. It is the last I have, but cannot refuse to send it. Accept for your self \u0026 Johnnie the assurances of my constant \u0026 unchanged affection. My kind remembrance for your Grandma \u0026 all the other members of your dear mother's family. Your Grandpa, \nB. Hooe","My dear Sue, \nI have just received your letter \u0026 hasten to answer it. I am really ashamed of myself for not answering your last before this, but I have put it off from day to day in hopes of being able to write more cheerfully. Please don't stand upon ceremony with me; write whenever you can \u0026 if I don't answer promptly know that it is not because I don't think of you.","My business has improved some lately \u0026 I am in hope that it will pay next year. In that belief I have refused three very handsome offers lately. By the way, speaking of business matters, please tell your Uncle Walter that Phil Hooe wrote to him on important business some time since but has no answer. It would be well for your Uncle Walter to write to him.","I do so long for the time when I can settle down \u0026 have you and Johnny with me. Tell the boy that he must study \u0026 improve himself. I do not wish to be disappointed when I see him. And you Sue, must take care of yourself \u0026 not frolic too much at parties. I am delighted to hear at any time that you are enjoying yourself, but be careful of your health \u0026 don't always sit up or dance until morning. I am pleased to know that your representation as a house-keeper is so good. I am prodigiously fond of good bread \u0026 ginger snaps. I hope to eat some of your making one of these days. I have here a short time since Cousin Sue Hardin, her sister Cynthia, \u0026 Jimmy. The second time I called upon them, they had left the city.","Hope however to see them here again soon. It was a great pleasure to meet them.","Grandfather \u0026 Aunts Mary \u0026 Ellen, Phil, \u0026 in fact all the family, ask after you frequently. I always send love.\nI have written in great haste, my dear Sue, because I am fortunately busy, and I would not put off an answer a single moment lest it might be deferred disgracefully long. Be assured that I often think of you \u0026 Johnny \u0026 that I hope our \"brief acquaintances\" may in (?) ripen into something like affection. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nBunny","June 6th 1867","My dear Sue \nI have been so constantly on the go since I received your letter that I have really not had time to answer it in a way at all satisfactory to myself.","I shall probably remain in Alexandria for a week or two as a middle point between New York \u0026 Lexington. In the present unsettled condition of my business \u0026 the uncertainty as to the future, it is absolutely impossible for me to think of paying you a visit. You cannot be, my dear Sue, more anxious to see me than I am to see you.","I have not been since the war ended in a situation, which would admit of absence from my business. Until I feel that I am settled, it must be a positive \u0026 serious disadvantage to me to leave the busy part of the world. I have been \u0026 am endeavoring to find a place, which I can make my home. As yet I have not decided, but think it more than probable that I shall accept the chair of Chemistry at the Va Military Institute. So soon as I can possibly go south I shall go to see you. Meantime you must feel that my interest in you is unaltered and that it is only a stern necessity, which keeps us so long apart.","The invention is now in the hands of manufacturer \u0026 I do not know what will come of it. They seem very hopeful.","Grandfather is here with us. He is quite feeble with age but his health in other respects is good. He always asks (as do the whole family) most affectionately after you \u0026 sends now his love to Johnny \u0026 yourself. Rest assured\nthat you shall see me as soon as I can take \"a leave\" \u0026 that I am always your \nDevoted brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va July 28 (1867)","My dear Sue, \nI do not know which of us is the debtor, but it is a matter of small moment should it be considered worth something to wish on such a hot afternoon. Our pastor, the Rev. (William) Pendleton, deferred services on account of the offensive heat, \u0026 in reflecting over my short comings I numbered among the most prominent the infrequency of my letters to you.","You have probably heard or at least \"guessed\" that I have been appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Institute. I have accepted the position, believing it the best thing that I can do - certainly at present.","If we are not interfered with in any way (and there seems to be no possibility of it) the school promises to be a great success. I do hope that I may be able to settle down in a home at last.","I saw young Mr. Goelet in Alexa(ndria) a short time (?) \u0026 was glad to meet him \u0026 hear from you and cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza. When I left them in Alexa(ndria) \u0026 Washington Grandfather, Aunt Mary \u0026 Belle were all recovering from sickness - and as I have not heard since I presume they are still recovering.","I will when the weather is not so terribly (?) (?) you (?) account of Lexington and its improvements. Remember me kindly to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 tell Johnny he is certainly old enough to write.","I enclose a photograph. When you \u0026 Johnny can have some taken send me one. \nYour affectionate brother \nBunny","V.M.I. \nLexington, Va \nNov 2, 67","My dear Sue \nI would have written sooner but I have but recently returned from a trip to N. York. Phil Hooe was married to Miss Mary Dangerfield in Alexandria on the 15th Oct. and I went on to wait on him. The Superintendent at the same time sent me to N. York on business for the Institute.","I only stayed three days in Alexandria. The wedding was a very quiet one no one being present except the members of the family. The loss of Phil will be keenly felt by Aunt Ellen who has looked almost entirely to him as a protector since the death of Mr. Fowle. He will however be so near her in the same town that she will soon become reconciled, I hope, to the new state of things.","Grandfather's health is somewhat improved though he does not seem to be entirely free from recurrences of the complaint of last summer. Bunny Johnston was not well when I left - the rest of the family in good health.","I met Will Hardin in N. York. Told him to give my love to you when he sees you \u0026 to tell you how I regretted the necessity, which kept me from seeing you.","The Institute is progressing satisfactorily. We have now 250 cadets, as many as our buildings can accommodate in their present condition. We expect to have the restoration of the barracks completed by next Spring or Summer - Give love to Johnny \u0026 your grandma \u0026 remember me to your Uncle Walter. \nYours affectionately \nBunny","Va Military Institute \nLexington Va \nDec 6th 67","Your letter has just reached me, my dear Sue, and I can scarcely express my astonishment at the news it contains. I thought from your previous letters that you were either in jest or that you were, like most girls of your age, building castles to play with in the air.","I had no idea that you were serious, and could scarcely believe it now but for the womanly and dispassionate way in which you write.","I should have been much pleased to have met Mr. McPherson.\nI am gratified to know that you are not acting hastily and that the engagement has the entire sanction of your relatives. It would give me pleasure to visit you this winter \u0026 I would like to be present at your wedding, but I do not see how I can possibly go.","Thank my little coquette of a cousin for her thoughtfulness, and tell her if she is satisfied, of course I am. She speaks very authoritatively, however, and I should like above all things to give her a little lecture on the subject.","I am glad to hear that Johnnie is improving \u0026 taking some interest in his studies.","Remember me to your Grandma \u0026 Uncle Walter \u0026 believe me yours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","V.M.I. Lexington Va \nJany 18th 1868","Why have you not written, my dear Sue? I should have made this inquiry before, but we have been so busy during the day lately with our examinations and so thoroughly worn out at night that I have really been unable to do more that to wait for an answer to my last. This answer I have anxiously look for, as you said in your letter announcing your engagement that the day for the marriage was not definitely fixed. I took it for granted that you would let me know the day appointed, for while I could not leave the Institute to be present at the wedding, yet I expected to be present with you in spirit. I suffice therefore that the wedding has been deferred. Let me know all about it.","Grandfather \u0026 all the family wrote me that they wished you much happiness, \u0026 Grandfather has written to congratulate you if he has been well enough to do so. He wrote for your address, saying that he would certainly write to you, but he has been subject to so many attacks lately, that I fear he may not have been (?) enough to do so.","I can scarcely forgive you for keeping me in such suspense \u0026 hope you will say(?) and atone for the past by writing without delay. Let me know the time fixed.","Love to your Grandma \u0026 Johnny \u0026 remembrance to your Uncle Walter - Love to cousins Julia \u0026 Eliza when you see them \u0026 tell the latter I hope to have that quarrel with her yet. \nWith best love yours affectionately \nBunny","Jany 23rd 1873","My dear Sue, \nI have been intending for some time to answer your letter which has very (?) indeed. But you know how it is as well as I can tell you everyone who has many duties \u0026 cases find it difficult to write just when he thinks of it or feel like it. I know that I am not thoughtless - I sent you some days ago one of Lauriston's pictures. I intended sending you a \"head\" which shows his face \u0026 expression better, but Mother thought the full length figure would give one who had never seen him a better idea of the child. When I have more of the \"head\" printed I will send you one also.","I am glad that you \u0026 your family are well \u0026 that Johnny is about to go to work. I wish he could have made himself a physician \u0026 established himself where he could have had a lucrative practice \u0026 made a reputation.","Still if he prefers business to practicing medicine I would not have him go against his inclination or tastes.","A wholesale Gr(ocer)y business if properly managed is a very profitable one, and even the ordinary retail business can be made to pay well.","I have not learned anything more my dear Sue about your mother's grave. As I told you, I went to Alexandria \u0026 asked everyone that I thought likely to know anything about it. I was not present at the funeral nor at that of Father. Father was buried in our little family lot, and I do not see how there could have been room for either your mother or little Fannie.","The lot is small - These lie in it. Grandfather, Grandmother, (?) Bernard, Mr. Fowle, \u0026 the children lost by Aunt Mary \u0026 Aunt Ellen. In one corner of it my Mother \u0026 little brother Lauriston \u0026 next to them our father. So little space has there that I could not erect a memorial to Father such as I wished \u0026 therefore had to place two small marble stones to mark the spot \u0026 to put the dates on the side of my mother's monument which faces his grave.\nThis is a painful subject to me as well as your self \u0026 I would not enter into such details except to make the case clear to you.","The only possible place in the lot it seems to me was in the corner next to my mother's grave, but the sexton said he did not think there was room there \u0026 he could not dig to see without removing, or endangering, my mother's monument.\nThe only person I have not yet asked about it is Aunt Mary in Washington. I will do this, and if I go on next summer will try my best to ascertain something about it. I was at little Fannie's funeral, but cannot recollect (though I have tried again \u0026 again) where she was buried. It is very strange that no one seems to know anything about the matter - but as I told you, I never had, until I wrote you a few years ago about father's death, the slightest idea that your mother was buried in Alexa(ndria). May you not after all be mistaken?","Love to your Grandma, \u0026 Johnny, remembrances to your Uncle Walter, regards to McPherson, kisses to the children \u0026 yourself. \nYours affectionately \nMBH","Clemson College, S.C. \nMay 7th 1895","Dear John \nI enclose money order for $1.23 which according to your letter is my share of taxes on Montgomery Co property for 1894 - You do not state whether state of taxation has been diminished or whether you have surrendered some of the land, or finally whether we have ceased to pay taxes in the Hill share. Please explain - Mr. Cutler (?) - Section Missing - ...to hear that you have had sickness in your family. Love to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin","Clemson College S.C. \nSept 28 1897","Dear John \nWhen I wrote you last year about the tax on Montgomery Co N.C. property you said that you were just going to attend to it, but you have not written about it since - Please let me know what I owe to (?) - My last payment according to my books was May 7th 1895 $1.23.","I hope you are well. I was in Marlborough Co S.C. last spring and was surely tempted to run over \u0026 see you \u0026 Sue but found that I could not spare the time.","I am sorry we can not see something of each other \u0026 that Sue's girls \u0026 mine can not manage to exchange visits - My girls have been in Va this month. \nLove to all - \nAffectionately your brother \nM.B. Hardin","March 24 99","Dear John \nYour letter is quite a treat. Mary has been with you a long time but as you are all so good as to wish her to say until after Easter I will give my consent as I understand that Sue will come on with her. I hope Eliza will come also.\nMary has enjoyed, and is enjoying, herself greatly, and I am very glad she has had the chance of knowing you all - I only whish I could go down and bring the party back with me. \nLove to all \nYours affectionately \nM.B. Hardin"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMark B. Hardin papers, 1849-1947. MS 0440. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Mark B. Hardin papers, 1849-1947. MS 0440. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards family news. The letter includes an addition (dated April 24, 1849) from Lauriston B. Hardin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Battery 8, Richmond,\" Virgnia. Letter regards Civil War service and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter laments separation of families caused by War and references Mark B. Hardin's situation as a prisoner of war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen Mark B. Hardin was taken prisoner, the family swung into action to obtain his release. Dr. William P. Johnston, an uncle and a physician of some influence, wrote this letter regarding Hardin's release. The letter also mentions the status of Lauriston B. Hardin's estate, which was tied up in court prior to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's pending release from prison and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards family news and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from New York City, New York. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin attempting to start a consulting chemist business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Alexandria, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin potentially accepting a faculty position as Professor of Chemistry at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's position at VMI and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and mentions that VMI is making progress on the restoration of war-damaged barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's engagement to James Berrien MacPherson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's upcoming marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards family news and explains the layout of the family burial plot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter encloses money for Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter regards family news and Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Holy Trinity Church, Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards the Hardin Family memorial window.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection (20 items) consists of correspondence, the bulk (1864-1899) of which was written by Mark B. Hardin to his siblings, Susan Lane Hardin (1850-1899) and John Haywood Hardin (1853-1932). In addition to family and personal news, the letters touch on various aspects of Hardin's career.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards family news. The letter includes an addition (dated April 24, 1849) from Lauriston B. Hardin.","Written from \"Battery 8, Richmond,\" Virgnia. Letter regards Civil War service and family news.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter laments separation of families caused by War and references Mark B. Hardin's situation as a prisoner of war.","When Mark B. Hardin was taken prisoner, the family swung into action to obtain his release. Dr. William P. Johnston, an uncle and a physician of some influence, wrote this letter regarding Hardin's release. The letter also mentions the status of Lauriston B. Hardin's estate, which was tied up in court prior to the Civil War.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's pending release from prison and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Washington, D.C. Letter regards Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from Elizabeth, New Jersey. Letter regards family news and Lauriston B. Hardin's estate.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin attempting to start a consulting chemist business.","Written from Alexandria, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin potentially accepting a faculty position as Professor of Chemistry at VMI.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Mark B. Hardin's position at VMI and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and mentions that VMI is making progress on the restoration of war-damaged barracks.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's engagement to James Berrien MacPherson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Susan L. Hardin's upcoming marriage.","Letter regards family news and explains the layout of the family burial plot.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter encloses money for Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson , South Carolina. Letter regards family news and Montgomery County, North Carolina property taxes.","Written from Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards family news.","Written from Holy Trinity Church, Clemson, South Carolina. Letter regards the Hardin Family memorial window."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e0d9a120fef53a46cb1e04641aa99546\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Hardin Family","Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hardin Family"],"famname_ssim":["Hardin Family"],"persname_ssim":["Hardin, Mark B. (Mark Bernard), 1838-1916"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":20,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:40.745Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_628"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Moncure Family papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_548.xml","title_ssm":["Moncure Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Moncure Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1953"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0468","/repositories/3/resources/548"],"text":["MS.0468","/repositories/3/resources/548","Moncure Family papers","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1853","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1840-1849","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Dear Pa: \nI will commence a few lines to you though I have very little to relate in them. You cannot expect much as I wrote to Ma a day or 2 ago and related my travels to the\nSprings. I have enjoyed splendid health since I've been here and better in the last two or three days than in my life before except when I am home at work.","The Board [VMI Board of Visitors] have been here a week. They inspected our rooms today. Col. Smith introduced them to me. Gen. Richardson enquired about you, though\nI could tell him nothing as I had not heard from you since I left home. I am very anxious to hear from you all, answer this as soon as you can and write word how many letters\nyou have started to me for I have not received but one since left.","We reviewed before the Board of Visitors this evening which we succeeded very well. I entered the fourth Class as I was not far enough advanced to enter the 3rd. To enter the\n3rd class you have to understand mathematicks to the equation of the 2nd degree and a part of the French grammar which I knew nothing about. So I was obliged to [enter] the\nfourth class.","I like this place as well as could be expected. As it is the first time I have ever left home you know that I cannot like it as well though I am very well satisfied with it. I think that I could now go through all the hard ships that any human can of our race. When I first got here I had to sleep in a very open tent and spread my blanket on the floor and cover with my comfort. I did not sleep any for two or three nights at first, but now I can't sleep\non a bed. I was so that I could hardly turn over for the first week after I got here from being dragged at night through the wet grass and then having a bucket of water thrown on me and then sleeping in my wet shirt all night. I could not turn over scarcely. We are now in Barrak [Barracks] and I have enjoyed a very comfortable time.\nI must now draw to a close as I am geting sleepy and it is nearly time for tattoo. Your Affectionate Son, \nThos. J. Moncure.","This collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards arrival at VMI and cadet life.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Moncure family","Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0468","/repositories/3/resources/548"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moncure Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moncure Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Moncure Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"creator_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"creators_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1853","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1840-1849","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1853","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1840-1849","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 items"],"extent_tesim":["9 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDear Pa:\u003cbr\u003e\nI will commence a few lines to you though I have very little to relate in them. You cannot expect much as I wrote to Ma a day or 2 ago and related my travels to the\nSprings. I have enjoyed splendid health since I've been here and better in the last two or three days than in my life before except when I am home at work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Board [VMI Board of Visitors] have been here a week. They inspected our rooms today. Col. Smith introduced them to me. Gen. Richardson enquired about you, though\nI could tell him nothing as I had not heard from you since I left home. I am very anxious to hear from you all, answer this as soon as you can and write word how many letters\nyou have started to me for I have not received but one since left.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe reviewed before the Board of Visitors this evening which we succeeded very well. I entered the fourth Class as I was not far enough advanced to enter the 3rd. To enter the\n3rd class you have to understand mathematicks to the equation of the 2nd degree and a part of the French grammar which I knew nothing about. So I was obliged to [enter] the\nfourth class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI like this place as well as could be expected. As it is the first time I have ever left home you know that I cannot like it as well though I am very well satisfied with it. I think that I could now go through all the hard ships that any human can of our race. When I first got here I had to sleep in a very open tent and spread my blanket on the floor and cover with my comfort. I did not sleep any for two or three nights at first, but now I can't sleep\non a bed. I was so that I could hardly turn over for the first week after I got here from being dragged at night through the wet grass and then having a bucket of water thrown on me and then sleeping in my wet shirt all night. I could not turn over scarcely. We are now in Barrak [Barracks] and I have enjoyed a very comfortable time.\nI must now draw to a close as I am geting sleepy and it is nearly time for tattoo. Your Affectionate Son,\u003cbr\u003e\nThos. J. Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Dear Pa: \nI will commence a few lines to you though I have very little to relate in them. You cannot expect much as I wrote to Ma a day or 2 ago and related my travels to the\nSprings. I have enjoyed splendid health since I've been here and better in the last two or three days than in my life before except when I am home at work.","The Board [VMI Board of Visitors] have been here a week. They inspected our rooms today. Col. Smith introduced them to me. Gen. Richardson enquired about you, though\nI could tell him nothing as I had not heard from you since I left home. I am very anxious to hear from you all, answer this as soon as you can and write word how many letters\nyou have started to me for I have not received but one since left.","We reviewed before the Board of Visitors this evening which we succeeded very well. I entered the fourth Class as I was not far enough advanced to enter the 3rd. To enter the\n3rd class you have to understand mathematicks to the equation of the 2nd degree and a part of the French grammar which I knew nothing about. So I was obliged to [enter] the\nfourth class.","I like this place as well as could be expected. As it is the first time I have ever left home you know that I cannot like it as well though I am very well satisfied with it. I think that I could now go through all the hard ships that any human can of our race. When I first got here I had to sleep in a very open tent and spread my blanket on the floor and cover with my comfort. I did not sleep any for two or three nights at first, but now I can't sleep\non a bed. I was so that I could hardly turn over for the first week after I got here from being dragged at night through the wet grass and then having a bucket of water thrown on me and then sleeping in my wet shirt all night. I could not turn over scarcely. We are now in Barrak [Barracks] and I have enjoyed a very comfortable time.\nI must now draw to a close as I am geting sleepy and it is nearly time for tattoo. Your Affectionate Son, \nThos. J. Moncure."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Family papers, 1809-1953. MS 0468. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Moncure Family papers, 1809-1953. MS 0468. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards arrival at VMI and cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards arrival at VMI and cadet life."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1a338f1c1b021a7a4035641d9e220277\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Moncure family","Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Moncure family"],"famname_ssim":["Moncure family"],"persname_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:11:28.119Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_548.xml","title_ssm":["Moncure Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Moncure Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1953"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0468","/repositories/3/resources/548"],"text":["MS.0468","/repositories/3/resources/548","Moncure Family papers","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1853","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1840-1849","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Dear Pa: \nI will commence a few lines to you though I have very little to relate in them. You cannot expect much as I wrote to Ma a day or 2 ago and related my travels to the\nSprings. I have enjoyed splendid health since I've been here and better in the last two or three days than in my life before except when I am home at work.","The Board [VMI Board of Visitors] have been here a week. They inspected our rooms today. Col. Smith introduced them to me. Gen. Richardson enquired about you, though\nI could tell him nothing as I had not heard from you since I left home. I am very anxious to hear from you all, answer this as soon as you can and write word how many letters\nyou have started to me for I have not received but one since left.","We reviewed before the Board of Visitors this evening which we succeeded very well. I entered the fourth Class as I was not far enough advanced to enter the 3rd. To enter the\n3rd class you have to understand mathematicks to the equation of the 2nd degree and a part of the French grammar which I knew nothing about. So I was obliged to [enter] the\nfourth class.","I like this place as well as could be expected. As it is the first time I have ever left home you know that I cannot like it as well though I am very well satisfied with it. I think that I could now go through all the hard ships that any human can of our race. When I first got here I had to sleep in a very open tent and spread my blanket on the floor and cover with my comfort. I did not sleep any for two or three nights at first, but now I can't sleep\non a bed. I was so that I could hardly turn over for the first week after I got here from being dragged at night through the wet grass and then having a bucket of water thrown on me and then sleeping in my wet shirt all night. I could not turn over scarcely. We are now in Barrak [Barracks] and I have enjoyed a very comfortable time.\nI must now draw to a close as I am geting sleepy and it is nearly time for tattoo. Your Affectionate Son, \nThos. J. Moncure.","This collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards arrival at VMI and cadet life.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Moncure family","Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0468","/repositories/3/resources/548"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moncure Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moncure Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Moncure Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"creator_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"creators_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1853","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1840-1849","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1853","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1840-1849","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 items"],"extent_tesim":["9 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDear Pa:\u003cbr\u003e\nI will commence a few lines to you though I have very little to relate in them. You cannot expect much as I wrote to Ma a day or 2 ago and related my travels to the\nSprings. I have enjoyed splendid health since I've been here and better in the last two or three days than in my life before except when I am home at work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Board [VMI Board of Visitors] have been here a week. They inspected our rooms today. Col. Smith introduced them to me. Gen. Richardson enquired about you, though\nI could tell him nothing as I had not heard from you since I left home. I am very anxious to hear from you all, answer this as soon as you can and write word how many letters\nyou have started to me for I have not received but one since left.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe reviewed before the Board of Visitors this evening which we succeeded very well. I entered the fourth Class as I was not far enough advanced to enter the 3rd. To enter the\n3rd class you have to understand mathematicks to the equation of the 2nd degree and a part of the French grammar which I knew nothing about. So I was obliged to [enter] the\nfourth class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI like this place as well as could be expected. As it is the first time I have ever left home you know that I cannot like it as well though I am very well satisfied with it. I think that I could now go through all the hard ships that any human can of our race. When I first got here I had to sleep in a very open tent and spread my blanket on the floor and cover with my comfort. I did not sleep any for two or three nights at first, but now I can't sleep\non a bed. I was so that I could hardly turn over for the first week after I got here from being dragged at night through the wet grass and then having a bucket of water thrown on me and then sleeping in my wet shirt all night. I could not turn over scarcely. We are now in Barrak [Barracks] and I have enjoyed a very comfortable time.\nI must now draw to a close as I am geting sleepy and it is nearly time for tattoo. Your Affectionate Son,\u003cbr\u003e\nThos. J. Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Dear Pa: \nI will commence a few lines to you though I have very little to relate in them. You cannot expect much as I wrote to Ma a day or 2 ago and related my travels to the\nSprings. I have enjoyed splendid health since I've been here and better in the last two or three days than in my life before except when I am home at work.","The Board [VMI Board of Visitors] have been here a week. They inspected our rooms today. Col. Smith introduced them to me. Gen. Richardson enquired about you, though\nI could tell him nothing as I had not heard from you since I left home. I am very anxious to hear from you all, answer this as soon as you can and write word how many letters\nyou have started to me for I have not received but one since left.","We reviewed before the Board of Visitors this evening which we succeeded very well. I entered the fourth Class as I was not far enough advanced to enter the 3rd. To enter the\n3rd class you have to understand mathematicks to the equation of the 2nd degree and a part of the French grammar which I knew nothing about. So I was obliged to [enter] the\nfourth class.","I like this place as well as could be expected. As it is the first time I have ever left home you know that I cannot like it as well though I am very well satisfied with it. I think that I could now go through all the hard ships that any human can of our race. When I first got here I had to sleep in a very open tent and spread my blanket on the floor and cover with my comfort. I did not sleep any for two or three nights at first, but now I can't sleep\non a bed. I was so that I could hardly turn over for the first week after I got here from being dragged at night through the wet grass and then having a bucket of water thrown on me and then sleeping in my wet shirt all night. I could not turn over scarcely. We are now in Barrak [Barracks] and I have enjoyed a very comfortable time.\nI must now draw to a close as I am geting sleepy and it is nearly time for tattoo. Your Affectionate Son, \nThos. J. Moncure."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Family papers, 1809-1953. MS 0468. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Moncure Family papers, 1809-1953. MS 0468. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards arrival at VMI and cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of letters and other documents to and from various members of the Moncure Family, who have a long association with VMI. Included is a letter (dated September 19, 1849) from Cadet Thomas J. Moncure (VMI Class of 1853) to his father, William A. Moncure.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards arrival at VMI and cadet life."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1a338f1c1b021a7a4035641d9e220277\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Moncure family","Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Moncure family"],"famname_ssim":["Moncure family"],"persname_ssim":["Moncure, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1832-1912"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:11:28.119Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_548"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rice M. Youell collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection (10 items) consists of of certificates and other items, primarily from the military career of Rice M. Youell, VMI Class of 1914. 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Youell collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0417","/repositories/3/resources/496"],"text":["MS.0417","/repositories/3/resources/496","Rice M. Youell collection","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1914","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","World War, 1914-1918","United States. Army—American Expeditionary Forces","United States. -- Army. -- Infantry Division, 1st","Military decorations","There are no restrictions","Rice M. Youell's World War I record, includes:\n Major, 26th Infantry, 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces Severely wounded in action Recommended for Major during the Meuse-Argonne battle, France, and received the promotion immediately Awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, Croix de Guerre and Chevalier, Legion of Honour, and received one Corps Citation Commanded vanguard of his division during their march into Germany","This collection (10 items) consists of of certificates and other items, primarily from the military career of Rice M. Youell, VMI Class of 1914. The collection includes the citations for the Croix de Guerre and the Distinguished Service Cross, dating from his service in France during World War I, and a published history titled \"Twenty-Sixth Infantry in France, American Expeditionary Forces\" (July 1919).","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0417","/repositories/3/resources/496"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rice M. Youell collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rice M. Youell collection"],"collection_ssim":["Rice M. Youell collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962"],"creator_ssim":["Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962"],"creators_ssim":["Youell, Rice M. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6d347bcf4c02ff469f7a2e51da7cbcf7\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Youell, Rice M. (Rice McNutt), 1891-1962"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:11:07.355Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_496","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_496.xml","title_ssm":["Rice M. Youell collection"],"title_tesim":["Rice M. 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