{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Video+recordings\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2001","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Video+recordings\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2001\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Video+recordings\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2001\u0026page=3"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":23,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8445","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ann Buckles Papers, 1950/2008","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8445#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Buckles, Ann","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8445#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the personal papers of Ann Buckles, College of William and Mary class of 1951, and includes materials from her time at William and Mary, her subsequent career on Broadway and in television and film, and her tenure at Harper's Bazaar. There are photographs, video recordings, clippings, correspondence, and materials regarding Benjamin Bray, Glenn Close, and members of the Department of Theatre and Speech. 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Acc. 2009.090 was received on 3/13/09 from Ann Buckles. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member.","Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in December 2009 and Jeffrey Flanagan, SCRC Staff, in December 2009-January 2010. Acc. 2012.178 accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in May 2012.","Department of Theatre, Speech, and Dance Records (UA 59); Benjamin F. Bray Scrapbook (UA 5.071).","This collection consists of the personal papers of Ann Buckles, College of William and Mary class of 1951, and includes materials from her time at William and Mary, her subsequent career on Broadway and in television and film, and her tenure at Harper's Bazaar. There are photographs, video recordings, clippings, correspondence, and materials regarding Benjamin Bray, Glenn Close, and members of the Department of Theatre and Speech. 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Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Acc. 2006.005 was received on 4/3/2006 from Ann Buckles. Acc. 2009.090 was received on 3/13/09 from Ann Buckles. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnn Buckles Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Ann Buckles Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in December 2009 and Jeffrey Flanagan, SCRC Staff, in December 2009-January 2010. 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Bray Scrapbook (UA 5.071)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the personal papers of Ann Buckles, College of William and Mary class of 1951, and includes materials from her time at William and Mary, her subsequent career on Broadway and in television and film, and her tenure at Harper's Bazaar. There are photographs, video recordings, clippings, correspondence, and materials regarding Benjamin Bray, Glenn Close, and members of the Department of Theatre and Speech. 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Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","Harper's Bazaar"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","Harper's Bazaar","Bray, Benjamin","Close, Glenn, 1947-"],"persname_ssim":["Buckles, Ann","Bray, Benjamin","Close, Glenn, 1947-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","Harper's Bazaar","Buckles, Ann","Bray, Benjamin","Close, Glenn, 1947-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":79,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:03:58.803Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8445","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8445","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8445","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8445","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8445.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Buckles, Ann","title_ssm":["Ann Buckles Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ann Buckles Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ann Buckles Papers, 1950/2008"],"text":["Ann Buckles Papers, 1950/2008","UA 5.035","/repositories/2/resources/8445","Theater","Correspondence","Photographs","Scripts (documents)","Video recordings","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organized into four series: Series 1: Acting; Series 2: Correspondence; Series 3: Personal Material; and Series 4: Clippings. Acc. 2012.178 is arranged and described separately.","Acc. 2006.005 was received on 4/3/2006 from Ann Buckles. Acc. 2009.090 was received on 3/13/09 from Ann Buckles. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member.","Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in December 2009 and Jeffrey Flanagan, SCRC Staff, in December 2009-January 2010. Acc. 2012.178 accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in May 2012.","Department of Theatre, Speech, and Dance Records (UA 59); Benjamin F. Bray Scrapbook (UA 5.071).","This collection consists of the personal papers of Ann Buckles, College of William and Mary class of 1951, and includes materials from her time at William and Mary, her subsequent career on Broadway and in television and film, and her tenure at Harper's Bazaar. There are photographs, video recordings, clippings, correspondence, and materials regarding Benjamin Bray, Glenn Close, and members of the Department of Theatre and Speech. 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Bray Scrapbook (UA 5.071)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the personal papers of Ann Buckles, College of William and Mary class of 1951, and includes materials from her time at William and Mary, her subsequent career on Broadway and in television and film, and her tenure at Harper's Bazaar. There are photographs, video recordings, clippings, correspondence, and materials regarding Benjamin Bray, Glenn Close, and members of the Department of Theatre and Speech. 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Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","Harper's Bazaar"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","Harper's Bazaar","Bray, Benjamin","Close, Glenn, 1947-"],"persname_ssim":["Buckles, Ann","Bray, Benjamin","Close, Glenn, 1947-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","Harper's Bazaar","Buckles, Ann","Bray, Benjamin","Close, Glenn, 1947-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":79,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:03:58.803Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8445"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Arena Stage records, 1949/2010","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_416.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Arena Stage records","title_ssm":["Arena Stage records"],"title_tesim":["Arena Stage records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949 - 2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949 - 2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010"],"text":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010","C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints","There are no access restrictions.","to this collection are expected.","The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series\n      Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\n      Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\n      Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\n      Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\n      Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)","Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.","From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records.","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.","R 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416"],"unitid_tesim":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creators_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000-2024.","This collection has additional unprocessed accessions 2023.040-C and 2024.088-C, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["369.5 Linear Feet 739 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["369.5 Linear Feet 739 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eto this collection are expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["to this collection are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series\n      Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\n      Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\n      Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\n      Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\n      Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"http://www.arenastage.org/plan-your-visit/the-mead-center/\" title=\"'Arena Stage at the Mead Center for American Theater.' Arena Stage. Accessed February 3, 2016.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n            ","\u003cp\u003e Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cextptr href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/theater/features/arena51205.htm\" title=\"Richards, David. 'For Arena Stage, a Pioneering Selection.' Washington Post. December 5, 1997\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's \u003citalic\u003eShe Stoops to Conquer.\u003c/italic\u003e Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: \u003citalic\u003eThe Great White Hope.\u003c/italic\u003e \u003citalic\u003eThe Great White Hope\u003c/italic\u003e included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like \u003citalic\u003eKing Lear\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Threepenny Opera\u003c/italic\u003e, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, \u003citalic\u003eOur Town\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/italic\u003e to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of \u003citalic\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/italic\u003e at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of \u003citalic\u003eK2\u003c/italic\u003e, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of \u003citalic\u003eThe Crucible\u003c/italic\u003e at the Israel Festival.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Arena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ec96c412f915842d3012676b73803163\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_22f8958322c3fdee6366a384bb686980\"\u003e\nR 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"names_coll_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8332,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:46.877Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_416.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Arena Stage records","title_ssm":["Arena Stage records"],"title_tesim":["Arena Stage records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949 - 2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949 - 2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010"],"text":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010","C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints","There are no access restrictions.","to this collection are expected.","The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series\n      Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\n      Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\n      Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\n      Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\n      Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)","Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.","From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records.","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.","R 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Arena Stage records, 1949/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416"],"unitid_tesim":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creators_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000-2024.","This collection has additional unprocessed accessions 2023.040-C and 2024.088-C, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["369.5 Linear Feet 739 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["369.5 Linear Feet 739 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eto this collection are expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["to this collection are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series\n      Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\n      Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\n      Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\n      Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\n      Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"http://www.arenastage.org/plan-your-visit/the-mead-center/\" title=\"'Arena Stage at the Mead Center for American Theater.' Arena Stage. Accessed February 3, 2016.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n            ","\u003cp\u003e Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cextptr href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/theater/features/arena51205.htm\" title=\"Richards, David. 'For Arena Stage, a Pioneering Selection.' Washington Post. December 5, 1997\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's \u003citalic\u003eShe Stoops to Conquer.\u003c/italic\u003e Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: \u003citalic\u003eThe Great White Hope.\u003c/italic\u003e \u003citalic\u003eThe Great White Hope\u003c/italic\u003e included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like \u003citalic\u003eKing Lear\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Threepenny Opera\u003c/italic\u003e, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, \u003citalic\u003eOur Town\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/italic\u003e to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of \u003citalic\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/italic\u003e at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of \u003citalic\u003eK2\u003c/italic\u003e, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of \u003citalic\u003eThe Crucible\u003c/italic\u003e at the Israel Festival.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Arena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ec96c412f915842d3012676b73803163\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_22f8958322c3fdee6366a384bb686980\"\u003e\nR 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"names_coll_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8332,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:46.877Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_82","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Charles A. Veatch papers, 1970/2004","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_82#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Veatch, Charles A., 1942-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_82#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. 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Veatch obtained his real estate license in 1960, while still a student at UVA. He started his own real estate development and consulting firm, Environmental Concepts, Inc., in 1970. He soon developed many residential and commercial projects throughout Northern Virginia, including ones in Reston.","For decades, Veatch has been an avid participant in Reston community organizations. During the early days of Reston, he was a founding member of the Reston Lions Club and the Reston Board of Commerce. He is currently a member of numerous nonprofit boards including Planned Community Archives, Reston Historic Trust, Greater Reston Arts Center, Natures Best Foundation, The Potomac Conservancy, and Fairfax County Parks Foundation. Furthermore, he has many other affiliations with nonprofit organizations such as the Friends of Shenandoah River, Friends of North Fork, and The French and Indian War Foundation. Veatch has been honored with many awards for his extensive community service. 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Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Collection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. 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Veatch was born in 1942 in Washington, D.C. He obtained his B.S. in Finance from the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1964. During the summer of 1964, he began working for Palindrome Corporation under Robert E. Simon, the developer of Reston, Virginia, and in 1968 moved to Reston with his wife and two children. Veatch obtained his real estate license in 1960, while still a student at UVA. He started his own real estate development and consulting firm, Environmental Concepts, Inc., in 1970. He soon developed many residential and commercial projects throughout Northern Virginia, including ones in Reston. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor decades, Veatch has been an avid participant in Reston community organizations. During the early days of Reston, he was a founding member of the Reston Lions Club and the Reston Board of Commerce. He is currently a member of numerous nonprofit boards including Planned Community Archives, Reston Historic Trust, Greater Reston Arts Center, Natures Best Foundation, The Potomac Conservancy, and Fairfax County Parks Foundation. Furthermore, he has many other affiliations with nonprofit organizations such as the Friends of Shenandoah River, Friends of North Fork, and The French and Indian War Foundation. Veatch has been honored with many awards for his extensive community service. In 1998 he was named the Best of Reston Honoree, and in 2004 he was chosen as the Fairfax County Citizen of the Year. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a fly fisherman and lover of nature, Veatch began photographing the scenes around him. Veatch published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Nature of Reston\u003c/title\u003e in 1999, a book of his photography of natural areas of Reston. Profits from this book went towards the construction of a Nature House in Reston. Currently, Charles Veatch is the president of The Charles A. Veatch Company.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles A. Veatch was born in 1942 in Washington, D.C. He obtained his B.S. in Finance from the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1964. During the summer of 1964, he began working for Palindrome Corporation under Robert E. Simon, the developer of Reston, Virginia, and in 1968 moved to Reston with his wife and two children. Veatch obtained his real estate license in 1960, while still a student at UVA. He started his own real estate development and consulting firm, Environmental Concepts, Inc., in 1970. He soon developed many residential and commercial projects throughout Northern Virginia, including ones in Reston.","For decades, Veatch has been an avid participant in Reston community organizations. During the early days of Reston, he was a founding member of the Reston Lions Club and the Reston Board of Commerce. He is currently a member of numerous nonprofit boards including Planned Community Archives, Reston Historic Trust, Greater Reston Arts Center, Natures Best Foundation, The Potomac Conservancy, and Fairfax County Parks Foundation. Furthermore, he has many other affiliations with nonprofit organizations such as the Friends of Shenandoah River, Friends of North Fork, and The French and Indian War Foundation. Veatch has been honored with many awards for his extensive community service. In 1998 he was named the Best of Reston Honoree, and in 2004 he was chosen as the Fairfax County Citizen of the Year.","As a fly fisherman and lover of nature, Veatch began photographing the scenes around him. Veatch published The Nature of Reston in 1999, a book of his photography of natural areas of Reston. Profits from this book went towards the construction of a Nature House in Reston. Currently, Charles Veatch is the president of The Charles A. Veatch Company."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles A. Veatch papers, C0138, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Charles A. Veatch papers, C0138, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in March 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in March 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other personal and organizational collections on the history and development of \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Reston, Virginia.\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93\u0026amp;op%5B%5D=\u0026amp;q%5B%5D=reston\u0026amp;limit=\u0026amp;field%5B%5D=\u0026amp;from_year%5B%5D=\u0026amp;to_year%5B%5D=\u0026amp;commit=Search\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other personal and organizational collections on the history and development of"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. 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Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. 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Veatch papers, 1970/2004","C0138","/repositories/2/resources/82","Reston (Va.)","Reston (Va.) -- History","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Housing","Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Photography -- Negatives","Planned communities","Photographic prints","Video recordings","Newspapers","Negatives","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged according to subject.","Charles A. Veatch was born in 1942 in Washington, D.C. He obtained his B.S. in Finance from the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1964. During the summer of 1964, he began working for Palindrome Corporation under Robert E. Simon, the developer of Reston, Virginia, and in 1968 moved to Reston with his wife and two children. Veatch obtained his real estate license in 1960, while still a student at UVA. He started his own real estate development and consulting firm, Environmental Concepts, Inc., in 1970. 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Veatch papers, 1970/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0138","/repositories/2/resources/82"],"unitid_tesim":["C0138","/repositories/2/resources/82"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Reston (Va.)","Reston (Va.) -- History","Reston Town Center (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Reston (Va.)","Reston (Va.) -- History","Reston Town Center (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Reston (Va.)","Reston (Va.) -- History","Reston Town Center (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Veatch, Charles A., 1942-"],"creator_ssim":["Veatch, Charles A., 1942-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Veatch, Charles A., 1942-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Reston Land Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Veatch, Charles A., 1942-","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Reston Land Corporation"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Charles Veatch from 1999 - 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Housing","Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Photography -- Negatives","Planned communities","Photographic prints","Video recordings","Newspapers","Negatives","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Housing","Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Photography -- Negatives","Planned communities","Photographic prints","Video recordings","Newspapers","Negatives","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.9 Linear Feet 21 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.9 Linear Feet 21 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Video recordings","Newspapers","Negatives","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged according to subject.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged according to subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles A. Veatch was born in 1942 in Washington, D.C. He obtained his B.S. in Finance from the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1964. During the summer of 1964, he began working for Palindrome Corporation under Robert E. Simon, the developer of Reston, Virginia, and in 1968 moved to Reston with his wife and two children. Veatch obtained his real estate license in 1960, while still a student at UVA. He started his own real estate development and consulting firm, Environmental Concepts, Inc., in 1970. He soon developed many residential and commercial projects throughout Northern Virginia, including ones in Reston. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor decades, Veatch has been an avid participant in Reston community organizations. During the early days of Reston, he was a founding member of the Reston Lions Club and the Reston Board of Commerce. He is currently a member of numerous nonprofit boards including Planned Community Archives, Reston Historic Trust, Greater Reston Arts Center, Natures Best Foundation, The Potomac Conservancy, and Fairfax County Parks Foundation. Furthermore, he has many other affiliations with nonprofit organizations such as the Friends of Shenandoah River, Friends of North Fork, and The French and Indian War Foundation. Veatch has been honored with many awards for his extensive community service. In 1998 he was named the Best of Reston Honoree, and in 2004 he was chosen as the Fairfax County Citizen of the Year. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a fly fisherman and lover of nature, Veatch began photographing the scenes around him. Veatch published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Nature of Reston\u003c/title\u003e in 1999, a book of his photography of natural areas of Reston. Profits from this book went towards the construction of a Nature House in Reston. Currently, Charles Veatch is the president of The Charles A. Veatch Company.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles A. Veatch was born in 1942 in Washington, D.C. He obtained his B.S. in Finance from the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1964. During the summer of 1964, he began working for Palindrome Corporation under Robert E. Simon, the developer of Reston, Virginia, and in 1968 moved to Reston with his wife and two children. Veatch obtained his real estate license in 1960, while still a student at UVA. He started his own real estate development and consulting firm, Environmental Concepts, Inc., in 1970. He soon developed many residential and commercial projects throughout Northern Virginia, including ones in Reston.","For decades, Veatch has been an avid participant in Reston community organizations. During the early days of Reston, he was a founding member of the Reston Lions Club and the Reston Board of Commerce. He is currently a member of numerous nonprofit boards including Planned Community Archives, Reston Historic Trust, Greater Reston Arts Center, Natures Best Foundation, The Potomac Conservancy, and Fairfax County Parks Foundation. Furthermore, he has many other affiliations with nonprofit organizations such as the Friends of Shenandoah River, Friends of North Fork, and The French and Indian War Foundation. Veatch has been honored with many awards for his extensive community service. In 1998 he was named the Best of Reston Honoree, and in 2004 he was chosen as the Fairfax County Citizen of the Year.","As a fly fisherman and lover of nature, Veatch began photographing the scenes around him. Veatch published The Nature of Reston in 1999, a book of his photography of natural areas of Reston. Profits from this book went towards the construction of a Nature House in Reston. Currently, Charles Veatch is the president of The Charles A. Veatch Company."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles A. Veatch papers, C0138, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Charles A. Veatch papers, C0138, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in March 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in March 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other personal and organizational collections on the history and development of \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Reston, Virginia.\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93\u0026amp;op%5B%5D=\u0026amp;q%5B%5D=reston\u0026amp;limit=\u0026amp;field%5B%5D=\u0026amp;from_year%5B%5D=\u0026amp;to_year%5B%5D=\u0026amp;commit=Search\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other personal and organizational collections on the history and development of"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ff9e42668536e61587f2db3e6d18cb0c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collection contains materials pertaining to the history and development of Reston, Virginia. Types of materials include: newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Reston, photographs and negatives of structures in Reston, reports regarding Reston planning issues, video recordings, promotional materials regarding Reston attractions such as Reston Town Center, records pertaining to Planned Community Archives, Inc. and other materials."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_50266885e8753c36fd4505fa8bd89f34\"\u003e\nBoxes 1 - 11, 13 - 21: R 41, C 1, S 1 - S 4\n\nOS R5, C4, S5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Boxes 1 - 11, 13 - 21: R 41, C 1, S 1 - S 4\n\nOS R5, C4, S5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Reston Land Corporation"],"names_coll_ssim":["Reston Land Corporation","Veatch, Charles A., 1942-"],"persname_ssim":["Veatch, Charles A., 1942-"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Reston Land Corporation","Veatch, Charles A., 1942-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":295,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_82"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"C-SPAN Corporation","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_520.xml","title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978-2012","1809-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1978-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"text":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012","C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520","United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)","Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings","There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.","There are no other access restrictions.","Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed","Series\n      Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\n      Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\n      Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\n      Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\n      Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\n      Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\n      Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\n      Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\n      Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\n      Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\n      Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\n      Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)","C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to play obsolete audiovisual formats present in this collection. Additional time and money may be required to access this material.","Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.","George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the Booknotes television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the .","The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.","This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information.","The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"collection_ssim":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"unitid_tesim":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"creators_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the C-SPAN Corporation in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are no other access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.","There are no other access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"C-SPAN Portal\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Home/page/Home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/CSPANRecords/page/c-span-records\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series\n      Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\n      Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\n      Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\n      Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\n      Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\n      Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\n      Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\n      Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\n      Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\n      Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\n      Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\n      Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.c-span.org/\" title=\"C-SPAN.org\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.cla.purdue.edu/communication/about/lamb.html%20\" title=\"Purdue.edu\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to play obsolete audiovisual formats present in this collection. Additional time and money may be required to access this material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to play obsolete audiovisual formats present in this collection. Additional time and money may be required to access this material."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["C-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThrough financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \u003citalic\u003eBooknotes\u003c/italic\u003e television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Booknotes/page/Booknotes\" title=\"Booknotes collection website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://www.prf.org/researchpark/companies/c-companies/C-SPAN%20Archives.html\" title=\"Purdue website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the Booknotes television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6e98eea71e7aaf27fbc13ed54ff06f7a\"\u003eMap Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:54.802Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_520.xml","title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978-2012","1809-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1978-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"text":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012","C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520","United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)","Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings","There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.","There are no other access restrictions.","Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed","Series\n      Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\n      Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\n      Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\n      Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\n      Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\n      Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\n      Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\n      Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\n      Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\n      Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\n      Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\n      Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)","C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to play obsolete audiovisual formats present in this collection. Additional time and money may be required to access this material.","Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.","George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the Booknotes television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the .","The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.","This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information.","The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"collection_ssim":["C-SPAN records, 1809/2012, bulk 1978/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"unitid_tesim":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"creators_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the C-SPAN Corporation in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are no other access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.","There are no other access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"C-SPAN Portal\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Home/page/Home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/CSPANRecords/page/c-span-records\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series\n      Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\n      Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\n      Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\n      Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\n      Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\n      Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\n      Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\n      Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\n      Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\n      Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\n      Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\n      Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.c-span.org/\" title=\"C-SPAN.org\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.cla.purdue.edu/communication/about/lamb.html%20\" title=\"Purdue.edu\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to play obsolete audiovisual formats present in this collection. Additional time and money may be required to access this material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to play obsolete audiovisual formats present in this collection. Additional time and money may be required to access this material."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["C-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThrough financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \u003citalic\u003eBooknotes\u003c/italic\u003e television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Booknotes/page/Booknotes\" title=\"Booknotes collection website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://www.prf.org/researchpark/companies/c-companies/C-SPAN%20Archives.html\" title=\"Purdue website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the Booknotes television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) (https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en). The rights-holders are Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network and potentially others - please contact SCRC for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6e98eea71e7aaf27fbc13ed54ff06f7a\"\u003eMap Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:54.802Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1130","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Department of English records, 1922/2013","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1130#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Deptartment of English","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1130#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes administrative records, publications, and other material from the Department of English at the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1130#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1130","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1130","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1130","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1130","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1130.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Department of English records","title_ssm":["Department of English records"],"title_tesim":["Department of English records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1922-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1922-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1922/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Department of English records, 1922/2013"],"text":["Department of English records, 1922/2013","UA 205","/repositories/2/resources/1130","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Screenwriting","Audiocassettes","Fliers (printed matter)","Video recordings","Newsletters","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is not yet fully arranged and described. Researchers may wish to consult with a staff member for further information in advance of using the collection.","This collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection. The curriculum material was previously part of the University Archives Subject File Collection.","Box and folder list compiled by Vicky O'Brien, SCRC Staff, in April 2009. Acc. 2013.005 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2013.205 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in August 2013.","Offices of the Presidents, Office of the Provost, Dean of Arts \u0026 Sciences, and related units.","Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05).","This collection includes administrative records, publications, and other material from the Department of English at the College of William and Mary.","Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05).","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Deptartment of English","College of William and Mary. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is not yet fully arranged and described. Researchers may wish to consult with a staff member for further information in advance of using the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is not yet fully arranged and described. Researchers may wish to consult with a staff member for further information in advance of using the collection."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection. The curriculum material was previously part of the University Archives Subject File Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection. The curriculum material was previously part of the University Archives Subject File Collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDepartment of English records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Department of English records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder list compiled by Vicky O'Brien, SCRC Staff, in April 2009. Acc. 2013.005 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2013.205 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in August 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Box and folder list compiled by Vicky O'Brien, SCRC Staff, in April 2009. Acc. 2013.005 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2013.205 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in August 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOffices of the Presidents, Office of the Provost, Dean of Arts \u0026amp; Sciences, and related units.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Offices of the Presidents, Office of the Provost, Dean of Arts \u0026 Sciences, and related units.","Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes administrative records, publications, and other material from the Department of English at the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes administrative records, publications, and other material from the Department of English at the College of William and Mary."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Deptartment of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Deptartment of English","College of William and Mary. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is not yet fully arranged and described. Researchers may wish to consult with a staff member for further information in advance of using the collection.","This collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection. The curriculum material was previously part of the University Archives Subject File Collection.","Box and folder list compiled by Vicky O'Brien, SCRC Staff, in April 2009. Acc. 2013.005 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2013.205 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in August 2013.","Offices of the Presidents, Office of the Provost, Dean of Arts \u0026 Sciences, and related units.","Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05).","This collection includes administrative records, publications, and other material from the Department of English at the College of William and Mary.","Artifacts received with the Writing Resources Center Records (Acc. 2013.005) and transferred upon accessioning to the University Archives Artifact Collection (UA 13) include: \"Tectonic Tex\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.01), 4jit/Forgit Films, LLC Baseball Cap (UA 2013.005.02), Quicksilver Scentific \"Got Mercury?\" T-shirt (UA 2013.005.03), International Mercury Expo T-shirt (UA 2013.005.04), 40th Anniversary Earth Day SEAC Button Pin (UA 2013.005.05).","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Deptartment of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Department of English records, 1922/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Department of English records, 1922/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 205","/repositories/2/resources/1130"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 205","/repositories/2/resources/1130"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Deptartment of English"],"creator_ssim":["Deptartment of English"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Deptartment of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Deptartment of English","College of William and Mary. 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During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the .","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.","R 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, 1948/2003"],"collection_ssim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, 1948/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"unitid_tesim":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"geogname_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"places_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"creator_ssm":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Jean Moretti in October 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~7~7\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0020\" title=\"Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5ecc6784c7a511e9af0c236d3d9eab1a\"\u003e\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":712,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_659.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Edith McChesney Ker papers","title_ssm":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1948 - 2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948 - 2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, 1948/2003"],"text":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, 1948/2003","C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659","Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America","Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: .","This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.","An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the .","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.","R 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, 1948/2003"],"collection_ssim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, 1948/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"unitid_tesim":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"geogname_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"places_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"creator_ssm":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Jean Moretti in October 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~7~7\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0020\" title=\"Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5ecc6784c7a511e9af0c236d3d9eab1a\"\u003e\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":712,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_403.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/gmuaudiovisual.html","title_ssm":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2005","1980-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2005"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1980-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"text":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990","R0136","/repositories/2/resources/403","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)","Education -- Virginia","Education, Higher","Education, Higher -- Virginia","Video recordings","Sound recordings","There are no access restrictions on the physical items. There are access restrictions on listening to or viewing the contents since Special Collections and Archives does have the playback equipment for all of the formats.","The collection is organized into five series","Series Arrangement\n      Series 1: George Mason University Governance, 1964-2004 (Boxes 1-7, 10-11, 18-19, 45)\n      Series 2: George Mason Events, 1964-2005 (Boxes 8-9, 24-26, 33, 46, 47, 55)\n      Series 3: Distance Learning, 1950-1990s (Boxes 27-28, 34-39, 40-41, 53-54)\n      Series 4: Discussions and Radio Programs, 1976-2003 (Boxes 14-16, 31-32, 42-43, 48, 50-52, 59)\n      Series 5: Miscellaneous, 1982-2004 (Boxes 12-13, 17, 20-23, 29-30, 44, 49, 55-58)","Processing completed by Elizabeth Wycoff in July 2015. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in August 2015.","George Mason University's Special Collections and Archives holds the archival records from George Mason University.","This collection contains five series of audiovisual items covering a variety of topics pertaining to George Mason University from the 1950s onward with the bulk of the collection falling within the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the material is in the form of VHS with a noticeable amount in the formats of U-Matic, Betacam and audio cassettes.","Series 1 consists of 167 items, dated from 1964-2004 and primarily consisting of VHS videotapes, audiotape cassettes and U-Matic videotapes. The subject of the material focuses on the governing and running of George Mason University which includes faculty meetings, inaugural events, human resources material, Mason Reports, footage of the campus, and philosophy of the school and promotional material of the university.","Series 2 comprises 134 items, primarily VHS videotapes and U-Matic videotapes, dated from 1964-2005 with the bulk of the material dated in the 1990s. The overall concentration for series 2 is events pertaining to George Mason University including commencement, Art Gala, ground breaking of George Mason Buildings and campuses and panels on campus.","Series 3 encompass 238 items, largely in the VHS and Betacam videptape formats, dated from the 1950s to the 1990s with a focus on the 1990s. The focal theme pertains to distance learning, a large portion of this section containing lectures of George Mason Staff, projects/assignments of students and New Century College material.","Series 4 includes 193 items, principally in the formats of Betacam and U-Matic videotapes and audiotape cassettes with the material dated between 1976-2003. This series consists of material related to discussions and radio programs that George Mason Staff or Students participated in which include 'Up for Discussion', CCHENV public hearing, GMU Rendezvous Programs and WPRW Programs.","Series 5 contains 125 items primarily in VHS videotape and open reel formats dating from 1982-2004. This is chiefly a miscellaneous series consisting of several groupings of unrelated material. The subjects in this series are: Civil Rights and minorities at George Mason University, blank/unlabeled material, Explorer/Project Explorer and Nicaragua.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0136","/repositories/2/resources/403"],"unitid_tesim":["R0136","/repositories/2/resources/403"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education -- Virginia","Education, Higher","Education, Higher -- Virginia","Video recordings","Sound recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education -- Virginia","Education, Higher","Education, Higher -- Virginia","Video recordings","Sound recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48 Linear Feet (59 boxes)","(59 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["48 Linear Feet (59 boxes)","(59 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Video recordings","Sound recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions on the physical items. There are access restrictions on listening to or viewing the contents since Special Collections and Archives does have the playback equipment for all of the formats.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions on the physical items. There are access restrictions on listening to or viewing the contents since Special Collections and Archives does have the playback equipment for all of the formats."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries Arrangement\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: George Mason University Governance, 1964-2004 (Boxes 1-7, 10-11, 18-19, 45)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: George Mason Events, 1964-2005 (Boxes 8-9, 24-26, 33, 46, 47, 55)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Distance Learning, 1950-1990s (Boxes 27-28, 34-39, 40-41, 53-54)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Discussions and Radio Programs, 1976-2003 (Boxes 14-16, 31-32, 42-43, 48, 50-52, 59)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Miscellaneous, 1982-2004 (Boxes 12-13, 17, 20-23, 29-30, 44, 49, 55-58)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series","Series Arrangement\n      Series 1: George Mason University Governance, 1964-2004 (Boxes 1-7, 10-11, 18-19, 45)\n      Series 2: George Mason Events, 1964-2005 (Boxes 8-9, 24-26, 33, 46, 47, 55)\n      Series 3: Distance Learning, 1950-1990s (Boxes 27-28, 34-39, 40-41, 53-54)\n      Series 4: Discussions and Radio Programs, 1976-2003 (Boxes 14-16, 31-32, 42-43, 48, 50-52, 59)\n      Series 5: Miscellaneous, 1982-2004 (Boxes 12-13, 17, 20-23, 29-30, 44, 49, 55-58)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"For historical information about the university, see the George Mason University online history exhibit.\" href=\"https://masonlibraries.org/masonhistory/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason Audiovisual Collection, R0136, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason Audiovisual Collection, R0136, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Elizabeth Wycoff in July 2015. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in August 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Elizabeth Wycoff in July 2015. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in August 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University's Special Collections and Archives holds the archival records from George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University's Special Collections and Archives holds the archival records from George Mason University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains five series of audiovisual items covering a variety of topics pertaining to George Mason University from the 1950s onward with the bulk of the collection falling within the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the material is in the form of VHS with a noticeable amount in the formats of U-Matic, Betacam and audio cassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 consists of 167 items, dated from 1964-2004 and primarily consisting of VHS videotapes, audiotape cassettes and U-Matic videotapes. The subject of the material focuses on the governing and running of George Mason University which includes faculty meetings, inaugural events, human resources material, Mason Reports, footage of the campus, and philosophy of the school and promotional material of the university.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 comprises 134 items, primarily VHS videotapes and U-Matic videotapes, dated from 1964-2005 with the bulk of the material dated in the 1990s. The overall concentration for series 2 is events pertaining to George Mason University including commencement, Art Gala, ground breaking of George Mason Buildings and campuses and panels on campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 encompass 238 items, largely in the VHS and Betacam videptape formats, dated from the 1950s to the 1990s with a focus on the 1990s. The focal theme pertains to distance learning, a large portion of this section containing lectures of George Mason Staff, projects/assignments of students and New Century College material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 includes 193 items, principally in the formats of Betacam and U-Matic videotapes and audiotape cassettes with the material dated between 1976-2003. This series consists of material related to discussions and radio programs that George Mason Staff or Students participated in which include 'Up for Discussion', CCHENV public hearing, GMU Rendezvous Programs and WPRW Programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5 contains 125 items primarily in VHS videotape and open reel formats dating from 1982-2004. This is chiefly a miscellaneous series consisting of several groupings of unrelated material. The subjects in this series are: Civil Rights and minorities at George Mason University, blank/unlabeled material, Explorer/Project Explorer and Nicaragua.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains five series of audiovisual items covering a variety of topics pertaining to George Mason University from the 1950s onward with the bulk of the collection falling within the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the material is in the form of VHS with a noticeable amount in the formats of U-Matic, Betacam and audio cassettes.","Series 1 consists of 167 items, dated from 1964-2004 and primarily consisting of VHS videotapes, audiotape cassettes and U-Matic videotapes. The subject of the material focuses on the governing and running of George Mason University which includes faculty meetings, inaugural events, human resources material, Mason Reports, footage of the campus, and philosophy of the school and promotional material of the university.","Series 2 comprises 134 items, primarily VHS videotapes and U-Matic videotapes, dated from 1964-2005 with the bulk of the material dated in the 1990s. The overall concentration for series 2 is events pertaining to George Mason University including commencement, Art Gala, ground breaking of George Mason Buildings and campuses and panels on campus.","Series 3 encompass 238 items, largely in the VHS and Betacam videptape formats, dated from the 1950s to the 1990s with a focus on the 1990s. The focal theme pertains to distance learning, a large portion of this section containing lectures of George Mason Staff, projects/assignments of students and New Century College material.","Series 4 includes 193 items, principally in the formats of Betacam and U-Matic videotapes and audiotape cassettes with the material dated between 1976-2003. This series consists of material related to discussions and radio programs that George Mason Staff or Students participated in which include 'Up for Discussion', CCHENV public hearing, GMU Rendezvous Programs and WPRW Programs.","Series 5 contains 125 items primarily in VHS videotape and open reel formats dating from 1982-2004. This is chiefly a miscellaneous series consisting of several groupings of unrelated material. The subjects in this series are: Civil Rights and minorities at George Mason University, blank/unlabeled material, Explorer/Project Explorer and Nicaragua."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_349d044fbbb53d47db577e94df39f394\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":794,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:46.203Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_403","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_403.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/gmuaudiovisual.html","title_ssm":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2005","1980-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2005"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1980-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"text":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990","R0136","/repositories/2/resources/403","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)","Education -- Virginia","Education, Higher","Education, Higher -- Virginia","Video recordings","Sound recordings","There are no access restrictions on the physical items. There are access restrictions on listening to or viewing the contents since Special Collections and Archives does have the playback equipment for all of the formats.","The collection is organized into five series","Series Arrangement\n      Series 1: George Mason University Governance, 1964-2004 (Boxes 1-7, 10-11, 18-19, 45)\n      Series 2: George Mason Events, 1964-2005 (Boxes 8-9, 24-26, 33, 46, 47, 55)\n      Series 3: Distance Learning, 1950-1990s (Boxes 27-28, 34-39, 40-41, 53-54)\n      Series 4: Discussions and Radio Programs, 1976-2003 (Boxes 14-16, 31-32, 42-43, 48, 50-52, 59)\n      Series 5: Miscellaneous, 1982-2004 (Boxes 12-13, 17, 20-23, 29-30, 44, 49, 55-58)","Processing completed by Elizabeth Wycoff in July 2015. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in August 2015.","George Mason University's Special Collections and Archives holds the archival records from George Mason University.","This collection contains five series of audiovisual items covering a variety of topics pertaining to George Mason University from the 1950s onward with the bulk of the collection falling within the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the material is in the form of VHS with a noticeable amount in the formats of U-Matic, Betacam and audio cassettes.","Series 1 consists of 167 items, dated from 1964-2004 and primarily consisting of VHS videotapes, audiotape cassettes and U-Matic videotapes. The subject of the material focuses on the governing and running of George Mason University which includes faculty meetings, inaugural events, human resources material, Mason Reports, footage of the campus, and philosophy of the school and promotional material of the university.","Series 2 comprises 134 items, primarily VHS videotapes and U-Matic videotapes, dated from 1964-2005 with the bulk of the material dated in the 1990s. The overall concentration for series 2 is events pertaining to George Mason University including commencement, Art Gala, ground breaking of George Mason Buildings and campuses and panels on campus.","Series 3 encompass 238 items, largely in the VHS and Betacam videptape formats, dated from the 1950s to the 1990s with a focus on the 1990s. The focal theme pertains to distance learning, a large portion of this section containing lectures of George Mason Staff, projects/assignments of students and New Century College material.","Series 4 includes 193 items, principally in the formats of Betacam and U-Matic videotapes and audiotape cassettes with the material dated between 1976-2003. This series consists of material related to discussions and radio programs that George Mason Staff or Students participated in which include 'Up for Discussion', CCHENV public hearing, GMU Rendezvous Programs and WPRW Programs.","Series 5 contains 125 items primarily in VHS videotape and open reel formats dating from 1982-2004. This is chiefly a miscellaneous series consisting of several groupings of unrelated material. The subjects in this series are: Civil Rights and minorities at George Mason University, blank/unlabeled material, Explorer/Project Explorer and Nicaragua.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Audiovisual collection, 1950/2005, bulk 1980/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0136","/repositories/2/resources/403"],"unitid_tesim":["R0136","/repositories/2/resources/403"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education -- Virginia","Education, Higher","Education, Higher -- Virginia","Video recordings","Sound recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education -- Virginia","Education, Higher","Education, Higher -- Virginia","Video recordings","Sound recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48 Linear Feet (59 boxes)","(59 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["48 Linear Feet (59 boxes)","(59 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Video recordings","Sound recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions on the physical items. There are access restrictions on listening to or viewing the contents since Special Collections and Archives does have the playback equipment for all of the formats.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions on the physical items. There are access restrictions on listening to or viewing the contents since Special Collections and Archives does have the playback equipment for all of the formats."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries Arrangement\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: George Mason University Governance, 1964-2004 (Boxes 1-7, 10-11, 18-19, 45)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: George Mason Events, 1964-2005 (Boxes 8-9, 24-26, 33, 46, 47, 55)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Distance Learning, 1950-1990s (Boxes 27-28, 34-39, 40-41, 53-54)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Discussions and Radio Programs, 1976-2003 (Boxes 14-16, 31-32, 42-43, 48, 50-52, 59)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Miscellaneous, 1982-2004 (Boxes 12-13, 17, 20-23, 29-30, 44, 49, 55-58)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series","Series Arrangement\n      Series 1: George Mason University Governance, 1964-2004 (Boxes 1-7, 10-11, 18-19, 45)\n      Series 2: George Mason Events, 1964-2005 (Boxes 8-9, 24-26, 33, 46, 47, 55)\n      Series 3: Distance Learning, 1950-1990s (Boxes 27-28, 34-39, 40-41, 53-54)\n      Series 4: Discussions and Radio Programs, 1976-2003 (Boxes 14-16, 31-32, 42-43, 48, 50-52, 59)\n      Series 5: Miscellaneous, 1982-2004 (Boxes 12-13, 17, 20-23, 29-30, 44, 49, 55-58)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"For historical information about the university, see the George Mason University online history exhibit.\" href=\"https://masonlibraries.org/masonhistory/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason Audiovisual Collection, R0136, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason Audiovisual Collection, R0136, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Elizabeth Wycoff in July 2015. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in August 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Elizabeth Wycoff in July 2015. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in August 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University's Special Collections and Archives holds the archival records from George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University's Special Collections and Archives holds the archival records from George Mason University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains five series of audiovisual items covering a variety of topics pertaining to George Mason University from the 1950s onward with the bulk of the collection falling within the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the material is in the form of VHS with a noticeable amount in the formats of U-Matic, Betacam and audio cassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 consists of 167 items, dated from 1964-2004 and primarily consisting of VHS videotapes, audiotape cassettes and U-Matic videotapes. The subject of the material focuses on the governing and running of George Mason University which includes faculty meetings, inaugural events, human resources material, Mason Reports, footage of the campus, and philosophy of the school and promotional material of the university.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 comprises 134 items, primarily VHS videotapes and U-Matic videotapes, dated from 1964-2005 with the bulk of the material dated in the 1990s. The overall concentration for series 2 is events pertaining to George Mason University including commencement, Art Gala, ground breaking of George Mason Buildings and campuses and panels on campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 encompass 238 items, largely in the VHS and Betacam videptape formats, dated from the 1950s to the 1990s with a focus on the 1990s. The focal theme pertains to distance learning, a large portion of this section containing lectures of George Mason Staff, projects/assignments of students and New Century College material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 includes 193 items, principally in the formats of Betacam and U-Matic videotapes and audiotape cassettes with the material dated between 1976-2003. This series consists of material related to discussions and radio programs that George Mason Staff or Students participated in which include 'Up for Discussion', CCHENV public hearing, GMU Rendezvous Programs and WPRW Programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5 contains 125 items primarily in VHS videotape and open reel formats dating from 1982-2004. This is chiefly a miscellaneous series consisting of several groupings of unrelated material. The subjects in this series are: Civil Rights and minorities at George Mason University, blank/unlabeled material, Explorer/Project Explorer and Nicaragua.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains five series of audiovisual items covering a variety of topics pertaining to George Mason University from the 1950s onward with the bulk of the collection falling within the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the material is in the form of VHS with a noticeable amount in the formats of U-Matic, Betacam and audio cassettes.","Series 1 consists of 167 items, dated from 1964-2004 and primarily consisting of VHS videotapes, audiotape cassettes and U-Matic videotapes. The subject of the material focuses on the governing and running of George Mason University which includes faculty meetings, inaugural events, human resources material, Mason Reports, footage of the campus, and philosophy of the school and promotional material of the university.","Series 2 comprises 134 items, primarily VHS videotapes and U-Matic videotapes, dated from 1964-2005 with the bulk of the material dated in the 1990s. The overall concentration for series 2 is events pertaining to George Mason University including commencement, Art Gala, ground breaking of George Mason Buildings and campuses and panels on campus.","Series 3 encompass 238 items, largely in the VHS and Betacam videptape formats, dated from the 1950s to the 1990s with a focus on the 1990s. The focal theme pertains to distance learning, a large portion of this section containing lectures of George Mason Staff, projects/assignments of students and New Century College material.","Series 4 includes 193 items, principally in the formats of Betacam and U-Matic videotapes and audiotape cassettes with the material dated between 1976-2003. This series consists of material related to discussions and radio programs that George Mason Staff or Students participated in which include 'Up for Discussion', CCHENV public hearing, GMU Rendezvous Programs and WPRW Programs.","Series 5 contains 125 items primarily in VHS videotape and open reel formats dating from 1982-2004. This is chiefly a miscellaneous series consisting of several groupings of unrelated material. The subjects in this series are: Civil Rights and minorities at George Mason University, blank/unlabeled material, Explorer/Project Explorer and Nicaragua."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from George Mason Audiovisual collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_349d044fbbb53d47db577e94df39f394\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The George Mason Audiovisual Collection includes over 850 audiovisual materials taken between 1950 and 2004. The collection includes material covering commencement, distance learning lectures and assignments, faculty meetings and material that addresses civil rights and minorities."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Further included are oral history transcripts and documents relating to the Berlin Crises (1958-1961), the founding of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), the declassified Central Intelligence Agency documents (1945-1949), a German-English intelligence glossary, biographical files and correspondence. Includes some Holocaust materials and photographs of concentration camp victims.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2232#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2232.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Critchfield, James, Papers","title_ssm":["James H. Critchfield Papers"],"title_tesim":["James H. 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Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","James H. Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Some cassette tapes have been digitized. Tapes that have not been digitized will need to be digitized before accessing. Please contact Special Collections staff for more information. At least 72 hours advanced notice required to access cassette tape recordings.","Processed by Matthew Hopper, SCRC Staff, during 2003-2004. Addition accessioned in August 2009 ,and described and rehoused by Terry Noziglia, SCRC Staff, in October 2009.","The James H. Critchfield Papers relating to Oman are housed at the Georgetown University Library.","Primary source documents, research materials and drafts for James Critchfield's book, \"Partners at the Creation the Men behind Postwar Germany's Defense and Intelligence Establishments.\"\nIncludes information on Germans imprisoned by the Allies, and on De-Nazification, for which Critchfield conducted interviews; also included are two copies of a booklet about a camps for detainees (\"Camp 71\"). The illustrated booklet is written in German and one English translation insert is provided.\nFurther included are oral history transcripts and documents relating to the Berlin Crises (1958-1961), the founding of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), the declassified Central Intelligence Agency documents (1945-1949), a German-English intelligence glossary, biographical files and correspondence.  Includes some Holocaust materials and photographs of concentration camp victims.","Acc. 2009.367 consists of  photocopies of \"Foreign Intelligence and Partnership:CIA and the origins of the BND, 1945-49\"; as well as one bound and one loose-leaf set of copies of correspondence relating to Critchfield's post-war Intelligence tasks.","A framed autographed photo of Richard Helms has been transferred to the Manuscript Audiovisual Collection.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English\n      German"],"collection_title_tesim":["James H. Critchfield Papers, 1941/2003"],"collection_ssim":["James H. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/James_H._Critchfield\" title=\"James H. Critchfield\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["James H. Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome cassette tapes have been digitized. Tapes that have not been digitized will need to be digitized before accessing. Please contact Special Collections staff for more information. At least 72 hours advanced notice required to access cassette tape recordings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Some cassette tapes have been digitized. Tapes that have not been digitized will need to be digitized before accessing. Please contact Special Collections staff for more information. At least 72 hours advanced notice required to access cassette tape recordings."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Critchfield Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James H. Critchfield Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Matthew Hopper, SCRC Staff, during 2003-2004. Addition accessioned in August 2009 ,and described and rehoused by Terry Noziglia, SCRC Staff, in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Matthew Hopper, SCRC Staff, during 2003-2004. Addition accessioned in August 2009 ,and described and rehoused by Terry Noziglia, SCRC Staff, in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James H. Critchfield Papers relating to Oman are housed at the Georgetown University Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The James H. 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Includes some Holocaust materials and photographs of concentration camp victims.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n Acc. 2009.367 consists of  photocopies of \"Foreign Intelligence and Partnership:CIA and the origins of the BND, 1945-49\"; as well as one bound and one loose-leaf set of copies of correspondence relating to Critchfield's post-war Intelligence tasks.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Primary source documents, research materials and drafts for James Critchfield's book, \"Partners at the Creation the Men behind Postwar Germany's Defense and Intelligence Establishments.\"\nIncludes information on Germans imprisoned by the Allies, and on De-Nazification, for which Critchfield conducted interviews; also included are two copies of a booklet about a camps for detainees (\"Camp 71\"). The illustrated booklet is written in German and one English translation insert is provided.\nFurther included are oral history transcripts and documents relating to the Berlin Crises (1958-1961), the founding of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), the declassified Central Intelligence Agency documents (1945-1949), a German-English intelligence glossary, biographical files and correspondence.  Includes some Holocaust materials and photographs of concentration camp victims.","Acc. 2009.367 consists of  photocopies of \"Foreign Intelligence and Partnership:CIA and the origins of the BND, 1945-49\"; as well as one bound and one loose-leaf set of copies of correspondence relating to Critchfield's post-war Intelligence tasks."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA framed autographed photo of Richard Helms has been transferred to the Manuscript Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A framed autographed photo of Richard Helms has been transferred to the Manuscript Audiovisual Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English\n      German"],"total_component_count_is":486,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:01:05.763Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2232","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2232.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Critchfield, James, Papers","title_ssm":["James H. Critchfield Papers"],"title_tesim":["James H. Critchfield Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1941-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James H. Critchfield Papers, 1941/2003"],"text":["James H. Critchfield Papers, 1941/2003","MS 00209","/repositories/2/resources/2232","Germany. Bundesnachrichtendienst--History","Intelligence service--Germany--History","Interviews","National security--Germany--History","Denazification","Internment camps","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Publications","Speeches, addresses, etc.","Video recordings","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","James H. Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Some cassette tapes have been digitized. Tapes that have not been digitized will need to be digitized before accessing. Please contact Special Collections staff for more information. At least 72 hours advanced notice required to access cassette tape recordings.","Processed by Matthew Hopper, SCRC Staff, during 2003-2004. Addition accessioned in August 2009 ,and described and rehoused by Terry Noziglia, SCRC Staff, in October 2009.","The James H. Critchfield Papers relating to Oman are housed at the Georgetown University Library.","Primary source documents, research materials and drafts for James Critchfield's book, \"Partners at the Creation the Men behind Postwar Germany's Defense and Intelligence Establishments.\"\nIncludes information on Germans imprisoned by the Allies, and on De-Nazification, for which Critchfield conducted interviews; also included are two copies of a booklet about a camps for detainees (\"Camp 71\"). The illustrated booklet is written in German and one English translation insert is provided.\nFurther included are oral history transcripts and documents relating to the Berlin Crises (1958-1961), the founding of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), the declassified Central Intelligence Agency documents (1945-1949), a German-English intelligence glossary, biographical files and correspondence.  Includes some Holocaust materials and photographs of concentration camp victims.","Acc. 2009.367 consists of  photocopies of \"Foreign Intelligence and Partnership:CIA and the origins of the BND, 1945-49\"; as well as one bound and one loose-leaf set of copies of correspondence relating to Critchfield's post-war Intelligence tasks.","A framed autographed photo of Richard Helms has been transferred to the Manuscript Audiovisual Collection.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English\n      German"],"collection_title_tesim":["James H. Critchfield Papers, 1941/2003"],"collection_ssim":["James H. 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Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/James_H._Critchfield\" title=\"James H. Critchfield\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["James H. Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome cassette tapes have been digitized. Tapes that have not been digitized will need to be digitized before accessing. Please contact Special Collections staff for more information. At least 72 hours advanced notice required to access cassette tape recordings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Some cassette tapes have been digitized. Tapes that have not been digitized will need to be digitized before accessing. Please contact Special Collections staff for more information. At least 72 hours advanced notice required to access cassette tape recordings."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Critchfield Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James H. Critchfield Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Matthew Hopper, SCRC Staff, during 2003-2004. 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