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(1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Joseph and Henry Bennett Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1731, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Joseph and Henry Bennett Papers, A\u0026M 1731, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e90f618f87978a1d4ee6bfcaa7926bfa\"\u003eLetters of Henry and Joseph Bennett concerning travel by sea from New York to Chagres, Panama, overland across Panama and by ship to San Francisco in 1851. Letters from California, 1852-1853, discuss arrival of immigrants; employment conditions and wages; gambling and social life in San Francisco; investment opportunities; conditions in the gold mines; travel by steamboat to Hangtown (Placerville); churches; crime; Indians; mining profits; cost of land; ranching; blacksmith and plough shop in Santa Clara; digging a canal to take water from the American River to supply Hangtown, Coon Hollow, and Gold Hill; and Webber Run. Two letters by Joseph Bennett from Australia in l853 comment on mining, living conditions, profits of mining, and criminals sent from Great Britain. There is one 1849 letter to Samuel Bennett from relatives in Sheffield, England. There are several items of Jacobs family correspondence, 1880-1923, concerning family affairs, schools, economic conditions in Jackson County, and Monongalia County taxes in 1907.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letters of Henry and Joseph Bennett concerning travel by sea from New York to Chagres, Panama, overland across Panama and by ship to San Francisco in 1851. Letters from California, 1852-1853, discuss arrival of immigrants; employment conditions and wages; gambling and social life in San Francisco; investment opportunities; conditions in the gold mines; travel by steamboat to Hangtown (Placerville); churches; crime; Indians; mining profits; cost of land; ranching; blacksmith and plough shop in Santa Clara; digging a canal to take water from the American River to supply Hangtown, Coon Hollow, and Gold Hill; and Webber Run. Two letters by Joseph Bennett from Australia in l853 comment on mining, living conditions, profits of mining, and criminals sent from Great Britain. There is one 1849 letter to Samuel Bennett from relatives in Sheffield, England. There are several items of Jacobs family correspondence, 1880-1923, concerning family affairs, schools, economic conditions in Jackson County, and Monongalia County taxes in 1907."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6d8612d3892f96ca3c4dcd144169e05c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Panama","San Francisco (Calif.)","California -- Gold discoveries","Blacksmithing","Church buildings","Education","Genealogy","Mining. SEE ALSO Coal mining.","Indians of North America","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Steamboats","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letters of Henry and Joseph Bennett concerning travel by sea from New York to Chagres, Panama, overland across Panama and by ship to San Francisco in 1851. Letters from California, 1852-1853, discuss arrival of immigrants; employment conditions and wages; gambling and social life in San Francisco; investment opportunities; conditions in the gold mines; travel by steamboat to Hangtown (Placerville); churches; crime; Indians; mining profits; cost of land; ranching; blacksmith and plough shop in Santa Clara; digging a canal to take water from the American River to supply Hangtown, Coon Hollow, and Gold Hill; and Webber Run. Two letters by Joseph Bennett from Australia in l853 comment on mining, living conditions, profits of mining, and criminals sent from Great Britain. There is one 1849 letter to Samuel Bennett from relatives in Sheffield, England. There are several items of Jacobs family correspondence, 1880-1923, concerning family affairs, schools, economic conditions in Jackson County, and Monongalia County taxes in 1907.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Bennett, Joseph and Henry","Bennett, Henry.","Bennett, Joseph.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1731","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5313"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph and Henry Bennett Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph and Henry Bennett Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph and Henry Bennett Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Australia","California","England","Jackson County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Panama","San Francisco (Calif.)","California -- Gold discoveries"],"geogname_ssim":["Australia","California","England","Jackson County (W. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e90f618f87978a1d4ee6bfcaa7926bfa\"\u003eLetters of Henry and Joseph Bennett concerning travel by sea from New York to Chagres, Panama, overland across Panama and by ship to San Francisco in 1851. Letters from California, 1852-1853, discuss arrival of immigrants; employment conditions and wages; gambling and social life in San Francisco; investment opportunities; conditions in the gold mines; travel by steamboat to Hangtown (Placerville); churches; crime; Indians; mining profits; cost of land; ranching; blacksmith and plough shop in Santa Clara; digging a canal to take water from the American River to supply Hangtown, Coon Hollow, and Gold Hill; and Webber Run. Two letters by Joseph Bennett from Australia in l853 comment on mining, living conditions, profits of mining, and criminals sent from Great Britain. There is one 1849 letter to Samuel Bennett from relatives in Sheffield, England. There are several items of Jacobs family correspondence, 1880-1923, concerning family affairs, schools, economic conditions in Jackson County, and Monongalia County taxes in 1907.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letters of Henry and Joseph Bennett concerning travel by sea from New York to Chagres, Panama, overland across Panama and by ship to San Francisco in 1851. Letters from California, 1852-1853, discuss arrival of immigrants; employment conditions and wages; gambling and social life in San Francisco; investment opportunities; conditions in the gold mines; travel by steamboat to Hangtown (Placerville); churches; crime; Indians; mining profits; cost of land; ranching; blacksmith and plough shop in Santa Clara; digging a canal to take water from the American River to supply Hangtown, Coon Hollow, and Gold Hill; and Webber Run. Two letters by Joseph Bennett from Australia in l853 comment on mining, living conditions, profits of mining, and criminals sent from Great Britain. 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Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Bennett, Joseph and Henry","Bennett, Henry.","Bennett, Joseph."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bennett, Henry.","Bennett, Joseph."],"persname_ssim":["Bennett, Joseph and Henry","Bennett, Henry.","Bennett, Joseph."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:20:27.630Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5313"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eJustus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5444.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198682","title_ssm":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1887-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1824","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5444"],"text":["A\u0026M 1824","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5444","Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers","Account books","Church buildings","Coal mining - coal and coke sales.","Coal mining - coal operators associations.","Coal mining - Regulation.","Coal mining - Safety.","Coal mining -- Strikes","Coal mining.","Education","Maps.","New River coalfields.","Pocahontas-Flat Top coalfield.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Railroads - Virginia Railway - Winding Gulf Branch.","Virginian Railroad -- Railroads","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Taxation","New Deal, 1933-1939","Winding Gulf (W. Va.) -- coalfields","Coal mining - New River field.","Coal mining - Winding Gulf field.","Coal Mining - Tug River field","No special access restriction applies.","1784, 1824","Justus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. ","The materials include correspondence, agreements, contracts, deeds, financial statements, ledger books, magazines, maps, minute books, pamphlets, photographs, production and shipping records, reports, and stock books. ","The bulk of the collection concerns the development of the law volatile, or smokeless, coal fields of Southern West Virginia, ca. 1900-1934. Subjects include: Coal company operation, (coal and coke sales, costs, marketing conditions, price-fixing, profits, salaries, taxes); coal operators' associations; government investigation and regulation of the coal industry (Interstate Commerce Commission, mining legislation, N.R.A. code, U.S. Railroad Administration) labor (insurance \"on transportation\", strikes, United Mine Workers of America, wages, workman's compensation, \"yellow-dog\" contract); law and order (Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, courts, injunctions, mine guard system, National Guard, secret operatives, state troopers); life in mining camps (amusements, churches, health, housing, recreation, schools, stores); mining safety; railroads (Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway, coal car distribution, freight rates, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, railway fuel contracts, and Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch); and  state and local politics. Other non-coal subjects include cement business, lumber business, tire and tire gauge manufacturing, and oil and gas drilling.","Correspondents include: S.R. Anderson; G. R. Collins; Jairus Collins; Justus Collins; Raymond DuPuy; W. J. Elgin; Lamar Epperly; H.D. Everett; T. L. Felts; A.M. Herndon; J.J. Holloway; L. E. Johnson; P. H. Kelly; E.W.  Knight; John Laing; I. T. Mann; C. H. Mead; C. J. Milton; J. H. Renahan, P. J. RIley: P. M. Snyder; Holly Stover; W. P. Tams; Jr.: J.J. Tierney; E.E. White; and George Wolfe.\n \nSeries include: \n1. General Correspondence, 1896–1934 (boxes 1-36)  \n2. Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, 1905–1934 (box 36)  \n3. Coal Operators Association, 1911–1934 (boxes 37-39)  \n4. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Sales Managers' Correspondence, 1914-1915, undated (boxes 40-42) \n5. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Smithing and Other Sales, 1914–1922 (boxes 43-44)  \n6. Superior Portland Cement Company, 1905–1924 (boxes 45-47)  \n7. Miscellaneous Printed Materials, 1899–1954 (boxes 48-56)  \n8. Oversize Maps, Blueprints, and Charts, 1916-1962, undated (oversize folder)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch","Collins family","Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George.","English \n.    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(56 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["23.3 Linear Feet Summary: 23 ft. 4 1/4 in. (56 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1824, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers, A\u0026M 1824, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1784, 1824\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1784, 1824"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials include correspondence, agreements, contracts, deeds, financial statements, ledger books, magazines, maps, minute books, pamphlets, photographs, production and shipping records, reports, and stock books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection concerns the development of the law volatile, or smokeless, coal fields of Southern West Virginia, ca. 1900-1934. Subjects include: Coal company operation, (coal and coke sales, costs, marketing conditions, price-fixing, profits, salaries, taxes); coal operators' associations; government investigation and regulation of the coal industry (Interstate Commerce Commission, mining legislation, N.R.A. code, U.S. Railroad Administration) labor (insurance \"on transportation\", strikes, United Mine Workers of America, wages, workman's compensation, \"yellow-dog\" contract); law and order (Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, courts, injunctions, mine guard system, National Guard, secret operatives, state troopers); life in mining camps (amusements, churches, health, housing, recreation, schools, stores); mining safety; railroads (Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Railway, coal car distribution, freight rates, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad, railway fuel contracts, and Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch); and  state and local politics. Other non-coal subjects include cement business, lumber business, tire and tire gauge manufacturing, and oil and gas drilling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: S.R. Anderson; G. R. Collins; Jairus Collins; Justus Collins; Raymond DuPuy; W. J. Elgin; Lamar Epperly; H.D. Everett; T. L. Felts; A.M. Herndon; J.J. Holloway; L. E. Johnson; P. H. Kelly; E.W.  Knight; John Laing; I. T. Mann; C. H. Mead; C. J. Milton; J. H. Renahan, P. J. RIley: P. M. Snyder; Holly Stover; W. P. Tams; Jr.: J.J. Tierney; E.E. White; and George Wolfe.\n \nSeries include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1. General Correspondence, 1896–1934 (boxes 1-36) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, 1905–1934 (box 36) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Coal Operators Association, 1911–1934 (boxes 37-39) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n4. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Sales Managers' Correspondence, 1914-1915, undated (boxes 40-42)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n5. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Smithing and Other Sales, 1914–1922 (boxes 43-44) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n6. Superior Portland Cement Company, 1905–1924 (boxes 45-47) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n7. Miscellaneous Printed Materials, 1899–1954 (boxes 48-56) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n8. Oversize Maps, Blueprints, and Charts, 1916-1962, undated (oversize folder)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Justus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. ","The materials include correspondence, agreements, contracts, deeds, financial statements, ledger books, magazines, maps, minute books, pamphlets, photographs, production and shipping records, reports, and stock books. ","The bulk of the collection concerns the development of the law volatile, or smokeless, coal fields of Southern West Virginia, ca. 1900-1934. Subjects include: Coal company operation, (coal and coke sales, costs, marketing conditions, price-fixing, profits, salaries, taxes); coal operators' associations; government investigation and regulation of the coal industry (Interstate Commerce Commission, mining legislation, N.R.A. code, U.S. Railroad Administration) labor (insurance \"on transportation\", strikes, United Mine Workers of America, wages, workman's compensation, \"yellow-dog\" contract); law and order (Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, courts, injunctions, mine guard system, National Guard, secret operatives, state troopers); life in mining camps (amusements, churches, health, housing, recreation, schools, stores); mining safety; railroads (Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway, coal car distribution, freight rates, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, railway fuel contracts, and Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch); and  state and local politics. Other non-coal subjects include cement business, lumber business, tire and tire gauge manufacturing, and oil and gas drilling.","Correspondents include: S.R. Anderson; G. R. Collins; Jairus Collins; Justus Collins; Raymond DuPuy; W. J. Elgin; Lamar Epperly; H.D. Everett; T. L. Felts; A.M. Herndon; J.J. Holloway; L. E. Johnson; P. H. Kelly; E.W.  Knight; John Laing; I. T. Mann; C. H. Mead; C. J. Milton; J. H. Renahan, P. J. RIley: P. M. Snyder; Holly Stover; W. P. Tams; Jr.: J.J. Tierney; E.E. White; and George Wolfe.\n \nSeries include: \n1. General Correspondence, 1896–1934 (boxes 1-36)  \n2. Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, 1905–1934 (box 36)  \n3. Coal Operators Association, 1911–1934 (boxes 37-39)  \n4. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Sales Managers' Correspondence, 1914-1915, undated (boxes 40-42) \n5. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Smithing and Other Sales, 1914–1922 (boxes 43-44)  \n6. Superior Portland Cement Company, 1905–1924 (boxes 45-47)  \n7. Miscellaneous Printed Materials, 1899–1954 (boxes 48-56)  \n8. Oversize Maps, Blueprints, and Charts, 1916-1962, undated (oversize folder)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_34a483e0d98d950847652ad89abd4398\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch","Collins family","Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch","Collins family","Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch"],"famname_ssim":["Collins family"],"persname_ssim":["Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:06:04.270Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5444.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198682","title_ssm":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1887-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1824","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5444"],"text":["A\u0026M 1824","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5444","Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers","Account books","Church buildings","Coal mining - coal and coke sales.","Coal mining - coal operators associations.","Coal mining - Regulation.","Coal mining - Safety.","Coal mining -- Strikes","Coal mining.","Education","Maps.","New River coalfields.","Pocahontas-Flat Top coalfield.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Railroads - Virginia Railway - Winding Gulf Branch.","Virginian Railroad -- Railroads","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Taxation","New Deal, 1933-1939","Winding Gulf (W. Va.) -- coalfields","Coal mining - New River field.","Coal mining - Winding Gulf field.","Coal Mining - Tug River field","No special access restriction applies.","1784, 1824","Justus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. ","The materials include correspondence, agreements, contracts, deeds, financial statements, ledger books, magazines, maps, minute books, pamphlets, photographs, production and shipping records, reports, and stock books. ","The bulk of the collection concerns the development of the law volatile, or smokeless, coal fields of Southern West Virginia, ca. 1900-1934. Subjects include: Coal company operation, (coal and coke sales, costs, marketing conditions, price-fixing, profits, salaries, taxes); coal operators' associations; government investigation and regulation of the coal industry (Interstate Commerce Commission, mining legislation, N.R.A. code, U.S. Railroad Administration) labor (insurance \"on transportation\", strikes, United Mine Workers of America, wages, workman's compensation, \"yellow-dog\" contract); law and order (Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, courts, injunctions, mine guard system, National Guard, secret operatives, state troopers); life in mining camps (amusements, churches, health, housing, recreation, schools, stores); mining safety; railroads (Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway, coal car distribution, freight rates, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, railway fuel contracts, and Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch); and  state and local politics. Other non-coal subjects include cement business, lumber business, tire and tire gauge manufacturing, and oil and gas drilling.","Correspondents include: S.R. Anderson; G. R. Collins; Jairus Collins; Justus Collins; Raymond DuPuy; W. J. Elgin; Lamar Epperly; H.D. Everett; T. L. Felts; A.M. Herndon; J.J. Holloway; L. E. Johnson; P. H. Kelly; E.W.  Knight; John Laing; I. T. Mann; C. H. Mead; C. J. Milton; J. H. Renahan, P. J. RIley: P. M. Snyder; Holly Stover; W. P. Tams; Jr.: J.J. Tierney; E.E. White; and George Wolfe.\n \nSeries include: \n1. General Correspondence, 1896–1934 (boxes 1-36)  \n2. Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, 1905–1934 (box 36)  \n3. Coal Operators Association, 1911–1934 (boxes 37-39)  \n4. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Sales Managers' Correspondence, 1914-1915, undated (boxes 40-42) \n5. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Smithing and Other Sales, 1914–1922 (boxes 43-44)  \n6. Superior Portland Cement Company, 1905–1924 (boxes 45-47)  \n7. Miscellaneous Printed Materials, 1899–1954 (boxes 48-56)  \n8. Oversize Maps, Blueprints, and Charts, 1916-1962, undated (oversize folder)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch","Collins family","Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1824","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5444"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Collins, Justus, 1857-1934"],"creator_ssim":["Collins, Justus, 1857-1934"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Collins, Justus, 1857-1934"],"creators_ssim":["Collins, Justus, 1857-1934"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Church buildings","Coal mining - coal and coke sales.","Coal mining - coal operators associations.","Coal mining - Regulation.","Coal mining - Safety.","Coal mining -- Strikes","Coal mining.","Education","Maps.","New River coalfields.","Pocahontas-Flat Top coalfield.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Railroads - Virginia Railway - Winding Gulf Branch.","Virginian Railroad -- Railroads","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Taxation","New Deal, 1933-1939","Winding Gulf (W. 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(56 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["23.3 Linear Feet Summary: 23 ft. 4 1/4 in. (56 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1824, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Justus Collins (1857-1934) Papers, A\u0026M 1824, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1784, 1824\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1784, 1824"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials include correspondence, agreements, contracts, deeds, financial statements, ledger books, magazines, maps, minute books, pamphlets, photographs, production and shipping records, reports, and stock books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection concerns the development of the law volatile, or smokeless, coal fields of Southern West Virginia, ca. 1900-1934. Subjects include: Coal company operation, (coal and coke sales, costs, marketing conditions, price-fixing, profits, salaries, taxes); coal operators' associations; government investigation and regulation of the coal industry (Interstate Commerce Commission, mining legislation, N.R.A. code, U.S. Railroad Administration) labor (insurance \"on transportation\", strikes, United Mine Workers of America, wages, workman's compensation, \"yellow-dog\" contract); law and order (Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, courts, injunctions, mine guard system, National Guard, secret operatives, state troopers); life in mining camps (amusements, churches, health, housing, recreation, schools, stores); mining safety; railroads (Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Railway, coal car distribution, freight rates, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad, railway fuel contracts, and Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch); and  state and local politics. Other non-coal subjects include cement business, lumber business, tire and tire gauge manufacturing, and oil and gas drilling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: S.R. Anderson; G. R. Collins; Jairus Collins; Justus Collins; Raymond DuPuy; W. J. Elgin; Lamar Epperly; H.D. Everett; T. L. Felts; A.M. Herndon; J.J. Holloway; L. E. Johnson; P. H. Kelly; E.W.  Knight; John Laing; I. T. Mann; C. H. Mead; C. J. Milton; J. H. Renahan, P. J. RIley: P. M. Snyder; Holly Stover; W. P. Tams; Jr.: J.J. Tierney; E.E. White; and George Wolfe.\n \nSeries include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1. General Correspondence, 1896–1934 (boxes 1-36) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, 1905–1934 (box 36) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Coal Operators Association, 1911–1934 (boxes 37-39) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n4. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Sales Managers' Correspondence, 1914-1915, undated (boxes 40-42)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n5. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Smithing and Other Sales, 1914–1922 (boxes 43-44) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n6. Superior Portland Cement Company, 1905–1924 (boxes 45-47) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n7. Miscellaneous Printed Materials, 1899–1954 (boxes 48-56) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n8. Oversize Maps, Blueprints, and Charts, 1916-1962, undated (oversize folder)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Justus Collins [1857-1934] was an entrepreneur who opened his first coal mine in the Pocahontas- Flat Top coal field of Southern West Virginia, and thereafter operated mines in the New River, Tug River, and Winding Gulf coal fields. He headed a coal sales agency, speculated in coal and timber lands, headed a cement company, and was interested financially in rubber, oil, and gas companies. He played an important role in organizing the Tug River Coal Operators Association, the Winding Gulf Operators' Association, and the Smokeless Coal Operators Association of West Virginia. ","The materials include correspondence, agreements, contracts, deeds, financial statements, ledger books, magazines, maps, minute books, pamphlets, photographs, production and shipping records, reports, and stock books. ","The bulk of the collection concerns the development of the law volatile, or smokeless, coal fields of Southern West Virginia, ca. 1900-1934. Subjects include: Coal company operation, (coal and coke sales, costs, marketing conditions, price-fixing, profits, salaries, taxes); coal operators' associations; government investigation and regulation of the coal industry (Interstate Commerce Commission, mining legislation, N.R.A. code, U.S. Railroad Administration) labor (insurance \"on transportation\", strikes, United Mine Workers of America, wages, workman's compensation, \"yellow-dog\" contract); law and order (Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, courts, injunctions, mine guard system, National Guard, secret operatives, state troopers); life in mining camps (amusements, churches, health, housing, recreation, schools, stores); mining safety; railroads (Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway, coal car distribution, freight rates, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, railway fuel contracts, and Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch); and  state and local politics. Other non-coal subjects include cement business, lumber business, tire and tire gauge manufacturing, and oil and gas drilling.","Correspondents include: S.R. Anderson; G. R. Collins; Jairus Collins; Justus Collins; Raymond DuPuy; W. J. Elgin; Lamar Epperly; H.D. Everett; T. L. Felts; A.M. Herndon; J.J. Holloway; L. E. Johnson; P. H. Kelly; E.W.  Knight; John Laing; I. T. Mann; C. H. Mead; C. J. Milton; J. H. Renahan, P. J. RIley: P. M. Snyder; Holly Stover; W. P. Tams; Jr.: J.J. Tierney; E.E. White; and George Wolfe.\n \nSeries include: \n1. General Correspondence, 1896–1934 (boxes 1-36)  \n2. Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency, 1905–1934 (box 36)  \n3. Coal Operators Association, 1911–1934 (boxes 37-39)  \n4. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Sales Managers' Correspondence, 1914-1915, undated (boxes 40-42) \n5. Smokeless Fuel Company -- Smithing and Other Sales, 1914–1922 (boxes 43-44)  \n6. Superior Portland Cement Company, 1905–1924 (boxes 45-47)  \n7. Miscellaneous Printed Materials, 1899–1954 (boxes 48-56)  \n8. Oversize Maps, Blueprints, and Charts, 1916-1962, undated (oversize folder)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_34a483e0d98d950847652ad89abd4398\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch","Collins family","Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch","Collins family","Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Baldwin-Felts Detective Inc.","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Smokeless Coal Operators Association","Tug River Coal Operators Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Coal Commission","United States. Fuel Administration","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States - Railway Administration.","Winding Gulf Operators Association","Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company","Norfolk and Western Railroad.","Virginian Railway- Organization of Winding Gulf Branch"],"famname_ssim":["Collins family"],"persname_ssim":["Collins, Justus, 1857-1934","Collins, Jarius.","Felts, T.L.","Holloway, J.J.","Laing, John B.","Mann, Isaac T. (Isaac Thomas), 1864-1932","Tams, W. P., Jr. (William Purviance), 1883-1977","Wolfe, George."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:06:04.270Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5444"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lightburn Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lightburn family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026amp; Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2685.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196751","title_ssm":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1836-1935"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1836-1935"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0292","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2685"],"text":["A\u0026M 0292","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2685","Lightburn Family Papers","Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Account books","Agriculture  ","Baptists","Mills and mill-work","Ministers - letters and papers.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026 Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company","Lightburn family","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0292","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2685"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Lightburn family"],"creator_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"creators_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"places_ssim":["Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Agriculture  ","Baptists","Mills and mill-work","Ministers - letters and papers.","Taxation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Agriculture  ","Baptists","Mills and mill-work","Ministers - letters and papers.","Taxation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (1 small flat storage box)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (1 small flat storage box)"],"date_range_isim":[1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Lightburn Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0292, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Lightburn Family Papers, A\u0026M 0292, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4579cfcc9b0882ae06c308dd28866497\"\u003eLetters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026amp; Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026 Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b64b4fa6e6cf572722c6c5f799a121a8\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company","Lightburn family","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company","Lightburn family","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company"],"famname_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"persname_ssim":["Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:11:49.866Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2685.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196751","title_ssm":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1836-1935"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1836-1935"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0292","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2685"],"text":["A\u0026M 0292","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2685","Lightburn Family Papers","Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Account books","Agriculture  ","Baptists","Mills and mill-work","Ministers - letters and papers.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026 Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company","Lightburn family","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0292","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2685"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lightburn Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Lightburn family"],"creator_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"creators_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"places_ssim":["Lewis County.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Agriculture  ","Baptists","Mills and mill-work","Ministers - letters and papers.","Taxation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Agriculture  ","Baptists","Mills and mill-work","Ministers - letters and papers.","Taxation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (1 small flat storage box)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (1 small flat storage box)"],"date_range_isim":[1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Lightburn Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0292, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Lightburn Family Papers, A\u0026M 0292, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4579cfcc9b0882ae06c308dd28866497\"\u003eLetters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026amp; Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letters, legal and land papers, tax receipts, and other papers of Benjamin, John F.C.L., Benjamin F.M.V. and J.A.J. Lightburn in Lewis County. Included are a pocket account book of the Lightburn Mill, 1836-1855; 32 items bearing on General J.A.J. Lightburn's Civil War activities, including correspondence, orders, and reports (including battle reports in connection with the Atlanta campaign, 3 items, June-July, 1864); correspondence between J.A.J. Lightburn and Soule \u0026 Co., relative to pension claims; agricultural implement advertisements, 1890; notebooks of sermon outlines written by General Lightburn who was ordained a Baptist minister in 1867; and newspaper clippings bearing on the Lightburn family."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b64b4fa6e6cf572722c6c5f799a121a8\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company","Lightburn family","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company","Lightburn family","Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lightburn Mill","Soule and Company"],"famname_ssim":["Lightburn family"],"persname_ssim":["Lightbourne, Benjamin, approximately 1753-1802","Lightburn, John F.C.L.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:11:49.866Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2685"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_365","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Max Mathers Collection Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_365#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mathers, Max","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_365#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Correspondence, financial papers, diaries, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and photographs relating to the Max Mathers family and Monongalia County, West Virginia. The activities of Anna DeGant Mathers, wife of Max Mathers, and Margaret Mathers Barrick, his daughter, as well as of Margaret's two sons, William Mathers Barrick and George Milton Barrick, Jr. are well represented in the family papers. Max Mather's own papers document his personal life, Republican party activities, genealogical and local history interests, and his participation in civil defense planning for Morgantown, as well as his service on the local selective service board. There are letters and financial records of earlier members of the Morgan family, mostly of the Civil War period and later, but including two early 19th century account books and some early letters. Some of the names of Morgan ancestors are Elijah Morgan, Elizabeth Morgan, H.M. Morgan, H.D. McGeorge, N.H. McGeorge, and John R. Morgan. Photographs are largely of the Mathers family, but there are a few of the 175th anniversary of Monongalia County, and the dedication of a monument to Col. Zackquill Morgan, ancestor of Mathers and founder of Morgantown. The newspaper clippings cover personal mentions of Max Mathers and his family as well as local history articles, local events, and the family's involvement in the search for missing soldiers after the Korean conflict. The scrapbook was put together by Eugene L. Mathers, Max Mathers' father, and documents Monongalia County events, 1838-1951. 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Nashville, Tenn: Battery Press, 1979. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Separated to book collection:","\nCombat History of the Second Infantry Division in World War II. Nashville, Tenn: Battery Press, 1979. Print."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5cf44b73771d38fed4927099cd7c6259\"\u003eCorrespondence, financial papers, diaries, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and photographs relating to the Max Mathers family and Monongalia County, West Virginia. The activities of Anna DeGant Mathers, wife of Max Mathers, and Margaret Mathers Barrick, his daughter, as well as of Margaret's two sons, William Mathers Barrick and George Milton Barrick, Jr. are well represented in the family papers. Max Mather's own papers document his personal life, Republican party activities, genealogical and local history interests, and his participation in civil defense planning for Morgantown, as well as his service on the local selective service board. There are letters and financial records of earlier members of the Morgan family, mostly of the Civil War period and later, but including two early 19th century account books and some early letters. Some of the names of Morgan ancestors are Elijah Morgan, Elizabeth Morgan, H.M. Morgan, H.D. McGeorge, N.H. McGeorge, and John R. Morgan. Photographs are largely of the Mathers family, but there are a few of the 175th anniversary of Monongalia County, and the dedication of a monument to Col. Zackquill Morgan, ancestor of Mathers and founder of Morgantown. The newspaper clippings cover personal mentions of Max Mathers and his family as well as local history articles, local events, and the family's involvement in the search for missing soldiers after the Korean conflict. The scrapbook was put together by Eugene L. Mathers, Max Mathers' father, and documents Monongalia County events, 1838-1951. In addition, there is a collection of greeting cards covering the first half of the 20th century and a collection of broadsides going back to the 1850s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, financial papers, diaries, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and photographs relating to the Max Mathers family and Monongalia County, West Virginia. The activities of Anna DeGant Mathers, wife of Max Mathers, and Margaret Mathers Barrick, his daughter, as well as of Margaret's two sons, William Mathers Barrick and George Milton Barrick, Jr. are well represented in the family papers. Max Mather's own papers document his personal life, Republican party activities, genealogical and local history interests, and his participation in civil defense planning for Morgantown, as well as his service on the local selective service board. There are letters and financial records of earlier members of the Morgan family, mostly of the Civil War period and later, but including two early 19th century account books and some early letters. Some of the names of Morgan ancestors are Elijah Morgan, Elizabeth Morgan, H.M. Morgan, H.D. McGeorge, N.H. McGeorge, and John R. Morgan. Photographs are largely of the Mathers family, but there are a few of the 175th anniversary of Monongalia County, and the dedication of a monument to Col. Zackquill Morgan, ancestor of Mathers and founder of Morgantown. The newspaper clippings cover personal mentions of Max Mathers and his family as well as local history articles, local events, and the family's involvement in the search for missing soldiers after the Korean conflict. The scrapbook was put together by Eugene L. Mathers, Max Mathers' father, and documents Monongalia County events, 1838-1951. 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Va.)","World War, 1939-1945"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Broadsides.","Civil defense  -- West Virginia","Civil War - soldier's letters.","Diaries and journals.","Greeting cards","Korean Conflict.","Korean War, 1950-1953","Monongalia County - 175th anniversary celebration.","Morgantown (W. Va.) -- Photographs","Newspapers -- West Virginia -- Morgantown","Photographs.","Scrapbooks","Taxation","United States Army - 2nd Infantry Division - WW II and Korea.","West Virginia University - Armory.","West Virginia University - buildings.","West Virginia University - Student organizations.","West Virginia University  -- Students","West Virginia University  -- History -- World War, 1939-1945 ","Women authors -- Diaries","Women's letters and papers.","World War, 1939-1945 -- Monongalia County (W. Va.)","World War, 1939-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.6 Linear Feet Summary: 6 ft. 6 1/2 in. (13 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (2 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["6.6 Linear Feet Summary: 6 ft. 6 1/2 in. (13 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (2 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Max Mathers Collection Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2386, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Max Mathers Collection Papers, A\u0026M 2386, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeparated to book collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCombat History of the Second Infantry Division in World War II. Nashville, Tenn: Battery Press, 1979. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Separated to book collection:","\nCombat History of the Second Infantry Division in World War II. Nashville, Tenn: Battery Press, 1979. Print."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5cf44b73771d38fed4927099cd7c6259\"\u003eCorrespondence, financial papers, diaries, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and photographs relating to the Max Mathers family and Monongalia County, West Virginia. The activities of Anna DeGant Mathers, wife of Max Mathers, and Margaret Mathers Barrick, his daughter, as well as of Margaret's two sons, William Mathers Barrick and George Milton Barrick, Jr. are well represented in the family papers. Max Mather's own papers document his personal life, Republican party activities, genealogical and local history interests, and his participation in civil defense planning for Morgantown, as well as his service on the local selective service board. There are letters and financial records of earlier members of the Morgan family, mostly of the Civil War period and later, but including two early 19th century account books and some early letters. Some of the names of Morgan ancestors are Elijah Morgan, Elizabeth Morgan, H.M. Morgan, H.D. McGeorge, N.H. McGeorge, and John R. Morgan. Photographs are largely of the Mathers family, but there are a few of the 175th anniversary of Monongalia County, and the dedication of a monument to Col. Zackquill Morgan, ancestor of Mathers and founder of Morgantown. The newspaper clippings cover personal mentions of Max Mathers and his family as well as local history articles, local events, and the family's involvement in the search for missing soldiers after the Korean conflict. The scrapbook was put together by Eugene L. Mathers, Max Mathers' father, and documents Monongalia County events, 1838-1951. In addition, there is a collection of greeting cards covering the first half of the 20th century and a collection of broadsides going back to the 1850s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, financial papers, diaries, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and photographs relating to the Max Mathers family and Monongalia County, West Virginia. The activities of Anna DeGant Mathers, wife of Max Mathers, and Margaret Mathers Barrick, his daughter, as well as of Margaret's two sons, William Mathers Barrick and George Milton Barrick, Jr. are well represented in the family papers. Max Mather's own papers document his personal life, Republican party activities, genealogical and local history interests, and his participation in civil defense planning for Morgantown, as well as his service on the local selective service board. There are letters and financial records of earlier members of the Morgan family, mostly of the Civil War period and later, but including two early 19th century account books and some early letters. Some of the names of Morgan ancestors are Elijah Morgan, Elizabeth Morgan, H.M. Morgan, H.D. McGeorge, N.H. McGeorge, and John R. Morgan. Photographs are largely of the Mathers family, but there are a few of the 175th anniversary of Monongalia County, and the dedication of a monument to Col. Zackquill Morgan, ancestor of Mathers and founder of Morgantown. The newspaper clippings cover personal mentions of Max Mathers and his family as well as local history articles, local events, and the family's involvement in the search for missing soldiers after the Korean conflict. The scrapbook was put together by Eugene L. Mathers, Max Mathers' father, and documents Monongalia County events, 1838-1951. In addition, there is a collection of greeting cards covering the first half of the 20th century and a collection of broadsides going back to the 1850s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fa0cee188e9cd3dbbcd40df16162855e\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Daughters of the American Revolution. Colonel John Evans Chapter  (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Monongalia Historical Society (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Morgantown Youth Center","Mount de Chantal Academy  (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","United States. Bureau of Selective Service","United States Selective Service System - WV.","Republican Party (W. Va.)","DeGant family - Genealogy","Mathers family - Genealogy","Mathers family - Photographs","Mather family","Morgan family - Genealogy","Morgan family","Barrick, George Milton, Jr.","Barrick, Margaret Mathers.","Barrick, Milton Jr.","Barrick, William Mathers.","Mathers, Anna DeGant.","Mathers, E.L.","Mathers, Eugene L.","Mathers, Max","McGeorge, Henry D.","McGeorge, Nimrod H.","Morgan, Elijah.","Morgan, Elizabeth.","Morgan, Henry M.","Morgan, John R.","Morgan, Zackquill."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Daughters of the American Revolution. Colonel John Evans Chapter  (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Monongalia Historical Society (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Morgantown Youth Center","Mount de Chantal Academy  (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","United States. Bureau of Selective Service","United States Selective Service System - WV.","Republican Party (W. Va.)","DeGant family - Genealogy","Mathers family - Genealogy","Mathers family - Photographs","Mather family","Morgan family - Genealogy","Morgan family","Mathers, Max","Barrick, George Milton, Jr.","Barrick, Margaret Mathers.","Barrick, Milton Jr.","Barrick, William Mathers.","Mathers, Anna DeGant.","Mathers, E.L.","Mathers, Eugene L.","McGeorge, Henry D.","McGeorge, Nimrod H.","Morgan, Elijah.","Morgan, Elizabeth.","Morgan, Henry M.","Morgan, John R.","Morgan, Zackquill."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Daughters of the American Revolution. Colonel John Evans Chapter  (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Monongalia Historical Society (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Morgantown Youth Center","Mount de Chantal Academy  (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","United States. Bureau of Selective Service","United States Selective Service System - WV.","Republican Party (W. Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["DeGant family - Genealogy","Mathers family - Genealogy","Mathers family - Photographs","Mather family","Morgan family - Genealogy","Morgan family"],"persname_ssim":["Mathers, Max","Barrick, George Milton, Jr.","Barrick, Margaret Mathers.","Barrick, Milton Jr.","Barrick, William Mathers.","Mathers, Anna DeGant.","Mathers, E.L.","Mathers, Eugene L.","McGeorge, Henry D.","McGeorge, Nimrod H.","Morgan, Elijah.","Morgan, Elizabeth.","Morgan, Henry M.","Morgan, John R.","Morgan, Zackquill."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:25:24.341Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_365"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Monongalia County Court","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCounty court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2357.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196423","title_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"title_tesim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1774-1954"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1774-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0026","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2357"],"text":["A\u0026M 0026","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2357","Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Court records","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","West Virginia - Politics and government.","County courts","Court records","Debt, Imprisonment for","Justice, Administration of","Deeds","Land deeds and grants - Monongalia County.","Probate records","Public records","Real property","Naturalization","Enslaved persons","Slaves and slavery.","Indexes Surveyor Books 240-244 have a typed name index in the control folder, available upon request. Series Two is completley indexed, card index can be accessed on microfilm reels MON 293-MON 350, or the originals can be seen upon request.","Certificates of Naturalization, Personal Property Books, and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343 are not microfilmed, originals are open for research. For materials in boxes 1-240 and all other record books, researchers should use microfilm.","Microfilm error: Some of the title cards on reels MON 1-MON 238 incorrectly identify the box number. To ensure accuracy, refer to the envelope numbers on the reel, rather than the box number, when finding corresponding original materials. ","Paper materials are in envelopes, arranged chronologically by year and court.  ","The T-envelopes in boxes 324-341 appear to have originally been intended to be temporary locations for these materials, possibly preceding a project to sort them into boxes 1-323. The items in these boxes do not appear to have been arranged in any particular order. ","Personal property books, the addendum of 2026 March (boxes 348-520), are located offsite, please make an appointment before visiting.","This collection was indexed in the 1940s(?) and the card index contains outdated terminology to refer to African Americans. In order to make sure the card index is still useful in locating Black historical materials, this terminology has been retained where it was originally used.","Bound Volumes: ","There are 12 volumes of Monongalia County, (West) Virginia, records of the district, superior, and county courts, by Melba Pender Zinn, which are typed abstracts of the court case papers found on reels MON 1- MON 95, Envelope 308. The volumes include the transcript, reference to the original Microfilm reel and envelopes, and each has an index in the back. The volumes are located at 929.375452 Z66m in the Regional History Center. ","Monongalia County (West) Virginia Deedbook Records, 1784-1810, by Toothman. 929.375452 T619m ","Monongalia County, West Virginia, naturalization records, 1776-1906, by Williams. 929.375452 W674m ","Other A\u0026M Collections: ","A\u0026M 0091, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers. A\u0026M 0091 contains copies of Revolutionary war records from this collection, some of which were used as wrappers for later case papers in this collection, and are not indexed in this collection. ","Other collections with Monongalia County Court and Public records include: ","A\u0026M 2410, Monongalia County Court Records, Fiduciary Settlements   ","A\u0026M 0926, Monongalia County Justice Dockets and Case Files ","A\u0026M 0044, Monongalia County World War I Draft Records ","A\u0026M 0406, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers Typed Document ","A\u0026Ms 0404, 0405, 0585, 0586, 0700, 0701, 2410, 1953, 2774, 0388, 4719, 0586, 4183, 0980, 2269, 3562, 2741, 1875, and 3601. ","County court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. ","The first series, Microfilm, consists of 398 reels of microfilm. The first 238 reels are microfilm copies of the court papers in boxes 1-239, and part of box 240. Reels MON 293-MON 350 are copies of the alphabetical name and subject sections of the card index for the collection. The remainder of the reels are film of the record books of this collection. These record books are records of the County, Circuit, and Circuit Superior Courts for Monongalia, and give information on the types of cases, court administration, and financing. There are a significant number of indexes for deeds and marriages, as well as some deed, land, and survey books, records of the Sheriff, and some records of private businesses and organizations.  ","Series 2 contains 341 boxes of court record papers from 1774-1934. These papers consist primarily of case related papers, and include various types of records such as orders, commitments, bills, warrants, and transcripts. There are many records relating to early families in Monongalia County. The material in this series is completely indexed, and the card index can be used to locate records for a specific person/family, in a specific year or court (County, Circuit, Circuit Superior), or by subject. Please note that a copy of the Alphabetical and Subject indexes, including a list of the subjects on each reel drawer, can be found on MON 293-MON 350, in Series 2. No copy of the chronological index exists, ask for assistance using this section. Boxes 324-341 at the end of this series contain envelopes T1-T148, which hold similar records to the rest of the paper materials. There is a separate drawer of the card index for the \"T\" envelopes, but it has not been microfilmed.","Series 3 consists of 107 record books spanning 1781 to 1936. The bulk of these records (70 books) are indexes to deeds and marriages. There are also 13 volumes of Naturalization records, as well as survey, land, deed, and estate books. There are two minute books of private organizations, the Humane Society (item 254, 1900-1902) and the Order of the Sons of Temperance (262, 1851-1857). Except for the Naturalization records and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343, the remainder of the books have been filmed. ","An addendum was added to this collection in March of 2026. This addendum consists of 175 personal property tax ledgers from 1851-1954. These ledgers contain information on citizens of Monongalia County by district, and volumes prior to 1863 contain information on enslavement and freedpeople.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia Justices of the Peace","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0026","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2357"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives"],"geogname_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives"],"creator_ssm":["Monongalia County Court"],"creator_ssim":["Monongalia County Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Monongalia County Court"],"creators_ssim":["Monongalia County Court"],"places_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Monongalia County Courthouse, 1938 February 24. ","Addendum: gift of Rodney Pyles, assessor of the Monongalia County Courthouse, 2012 December. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Birth, marriage, and death records.","Court records","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","West Virginia - Politics and government.","County courts","Court records","Debt, Imprisonment for","Justice, Administration of","Deeds","Land deeds and grants - Monongalia County.","Probate records","Public records","Real property","Naturalization","Enslaved persons","Slaves and slavery."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Birth, marriage, and death records.","Court records","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","West Virginia - Politics and government.","County courts","Court records","Debt, Imprisonment for","Justice, Administration of","Deeds","Land deeds and grants - Monongalia County.","Probate records","Public records","Real property","Naturalization","Enslaved persons","Slaves and slavery."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["273.54 Linear Feet (343 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 records carton, 15 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 in.); (83 record books, 17 ft. 7 in.); (175 flat boxes (nonstandard), 4 in. each); (340 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (58 reels of microfilm, 0.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["273.54 Linear Feet (343 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 records carton, 15 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 in.); (83 record books, 17 ft. 7 in.); (175 flat boxes (nonstandard), 4 in. each); (340 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (58 reels of microfilm, 0.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954],"indexes_html_tesm":["\u003cindex id=\"aspace_1724e63bb9569018faeffc72852676cd\"\u003e\n    \u003chead\u003eIndexes\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurveyor Books 240-244 have a typed name index in the control folder, available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSeries Two is completley indexed, card index can be accessed on microfilm reels MON 293-MON 350, or the originals can be seen upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  \u003c/index\u003e"],"indexes_tesim":["Indexes Surveyor Books 240-244 have a typed name index in the control folder, available upon request. Series Two is completley indexed, card index can be accessed on microfilm reels MON 293-MON 350, or the originals can be seen upon request."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCertificates of Naturalization, Personal Property Books, and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343 are not microfilmed, originals are open for research. For materials in boxes 1-240 and all other record books, researchers should use microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certificates of Naturalization, Personal Property Books, and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343 are not microfilmed, originals are open for research. For materials in boxes 1-240 and all other record books, researchers should use microfilm."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm error: Some of the title cards on reels MON 1-MON 238 incorrectly identify the box number. To ensure accuracy, refer to the envelope numbers on the reel, rather than the box number, when finding corresponding original materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePaper materials are in envelopes, arranged chronologically by year and court.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe T-envelopes in boxes 324-341 appear to have originally been intended to be temporary locations for these materials, possibly preceding a project to sort them into boxes 1-323. The items in these boxes do not appear to have been arranged in any particular order. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Microfilm error: Some of the title cards on reels MON 1-MON 238 incorrectly identify the box number. To ensure accuracy, refer to the envelope numbers on the reel, rather than the box number, when finding corresponding original materials. ","Paper materials are in envelopes, arranged chronologically by year and court.  ","The T-envelopes in boxes 324-341 appear to have originally been intended to be temporary locations for these materials, possibly preceding a project to sort them into boxes 1-323. The items in these boxes do not appear to have been arranged in any particular order. "],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal property books, the addendum of 2026 March (boxes 348-520), are located offsite, please make an appointment before visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Personal property books, the addendum of 2026 March (boxes 348-520), are located offsite, please make an appointment before visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0026, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026M 0026, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was indexed in the 1940s(?) and the card index contains outdated terminology to refer to African Americans. In order to make sure the card index is still useful in locating Black historical materials, this terminology has been retained where it was originally used.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was indexed in the 1940s(?) and the card index contains outdated terminology to refer to African Americans. In order to make sure the card index is still useful in locating Black historical materials, this terminology has been retained where it was originally used."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound Volumes: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are 12 volumes of Monongalia County, (West) Virginia, records of the district, superior, and county courts, by Melba Pender Zinn, which are typed abstracts of the court case papers found on reels MON 1- MON 95, Envelope 308. The volumes include the transcript, reference to the original Microfilm reel and envelopes, and each has an index in the back. The volumes are located at 929.375452 Z66m in the Regional History Center. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMonongalia County (West) Virginia Deedbook Records, 1784-1810, by Toothman. 929.375452 T619m \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMonongalia County, West Virginia, naturalization records, 1776-1906, by Williams. 929.375452 W674m \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther A\u0026amp;M Collections: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0091, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers. A\u0026amp;M 0091 contains copies of Revolutionary war records from this collection, some of which were used as wrappers for later case papers in this collection, and are not indexed in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther collections with Monongalia County Court and Public records include: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 2410, Monongalia County Court Records, Fiduciary Settlements   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0926, Monongalia County Justice Dockets and Case Files \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0044, Monongalia County World War I Draft Records \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0406, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers Typed Document \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;Ms 0404, 0405, 0585, 0586, 0700, 0701, 2410, 1953, 2774, 0388, 4719, 0586, 4183, 0980, 2269, 3562, 2741, 1875, and 3601. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["See Also"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bound Volumes: ","There are 12 volumes of Monongalia County, (West) Virginia, records of the district, superior, and county courts, by Melba Pender Zinn, which are typed abstracts of the court case papers found on reels MON 1- MON 95, Envelope 308. The volumes include the transcript, reference to the original Microfilm reel and envelopes, and each has an index in the back. The volumes are located at 929.375452 Z66m in the Regional History Center. ","Monongalia County (West) Virginia Deedbook Records, 1784-1810, by Toothman. 929.375452 T619m ","Monongalia County, West Virginia, naturalization records, 1776-1906, by Williams. 929.375452 W674m ","Other A\u0026M Collections: ","A\u0026M 0091, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers. A\u0026M 0091 contains copies of Revolutionary war records from this collection, some of which were used as wrappers for later case papers in this collection, and are not indexed in this collection. ","Other collections with Monongalia County Court and Public records include: ","A\u0026M 2410, Monongalia County Court Records, Fiduciary Settlements   ","A\u0026M 0926, Monongalia County Justice Dockets and Case Files ","A\u0026M 0044, Monongalia County World War I Draft Records ","A\u0026M 0406, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers Typed Document ","A\u0026Ms 0404, 0405, 0585, 0586, 0700, 0701, 2410, 1953, 2774, 0388, 4719, 0586, 4183, 0980, 2269, 3562, 2741, 1875, and 3601. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCounty court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series, Microfilm, consists of 398 reels of microfilm. The first 238 reels are microfilm copies of the court papers in boxes 1-239, and part of box 240. Reels MON 293-MON 350 are copies of the alphabetical name and subject sections of the card index for the collection. The remainder of the reels are film of the record books of this collection. These record books are records of the County, Circuit, and Circuit Superior Courts for Monongalia, and give information on the types of cases, court administration, and financing. There are a significant number of indexes for deeds and marriages, as well as some deed, land, and survey books, records of the Sheriff, and some records of private businesses and organizations.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 contains 341 boxes of court record papers from 1774-1934. These papers consist primarily of case related papers, and include various types of records such as orders, commitments, bills, warrants, and transcripts. There are many records relating to early families in Monongalia County. The material in this series is completely indexed, and the card index can be used to locate records for a specific person/family, in a specific year or court (County, Circuit, Circuit Superior), or by subject. Please note that a copy of the Alphabetical and Subject indexes, including a list of the subjects on each reel drawer, can be found on MON 293-MON 350, in Series 2. No copy of the chronological index exists, ask for assistance using this section. Boxes 324-341 at the end of this series contain envelopes T1-T148, which hold similar records to the rest of the paper materials. There is a separate drawer of the card index for the \"T\" envelopes, but it has not been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 consists of 107 record books spanning 1781 to 1936. The bulk of these records (70 books) are indexes to deeds and marriages. There are also 13 volumes of Naturalization records, as well as survey, land, deed, and estate books. There are two minute books of private organizations, the Humane Society (item 254, 1900-1902) and the Order of the Sons of Temperance (262, 1851-1857). Except for the Naturalization records and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343, the remainder of the books have been filmed. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn addendum was added to this collection in March of 2026. This addendum consists of 175 personal property tax ledgers from 1851-1954. These ledgers contain information on citizens of Monongalia County by district, and volumes prior to 1863 contain information on enslavement and freedpeople.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["County court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. ","The first series, Microfilm, consists of 398 reels of microfilm. The first 238 reels are microfilm copies of the court papers in boxes 1-239, and part of box 240. Reels MON 293-MON 350 are copies of the alphabetical name and subject sections of the card index for the collection. The remainder of the reels are film of the record books of this collection. These record books are records of the County, Circuit, and Circuit Superior Courts for Monongalia, and give information on the types of cases, court administration, and financing. There are a significant number of indexes for deeds and marriages, as well as some deed, land, and survey books, records of the Sheriff, and some records of private businesses and organizations.  ","Series 2 contains 341 boxes of court record papers from 1774-1934. These papers consist primarily of case related papers, and include various types of records such as orders, commitments, bills, warrants, and transcripts. There are many records relating to early families in Monongalia County. The material in this series is completely indexed, and the card index can be used to locate records for a specific person/family, in a specific year or court (County, Circuit, Circuit Superior), or by subject. Please note that a copy of the Alphabetical and Subject indexes, including a list of the subjects on each reel drawer, can be found on MON 293-MON 350, in Series 2. No copy of the chronological index exists, ask for assistance using this section. Boxes 324-341 at the end of this series contain envelopes T1-T148, which hold similar records to the rest of the paper materials. There is a separate drawer of the card index for the \"T\" envelopes, but it has not been microfilmed.","Series 3 consists of 107 record books spanning 1781 to 1936. The bulk of these records (70 books) are indexes to deeds and marriages. There are also 13 volumes of Naturalization records, as well as survey, land, deed, and estate books. There are two minute books of private organizations, the Humane Society (item 254, 1900-1902) and the Order of the Sons of Temperance (262, 1851-1857). Except for the Naturalization records and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343, the remainder of the books have been filmed. ","An addendum was added to this collection in March of 2026. This addendum consists of 175 personal property tax ledgers from 1851-1954. These ledgers contain information on citizens of Monongalia County by district, and volumes prior to 1863 contain information on enslavement and freedpeople."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_32df60d6228efe19f0b95eaaba107351\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia Justices of the Peace"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia Justices of the Peace"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia Justices of the Peace"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1133,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:06:30.023Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2357.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196423","title_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"title_tesim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1774-1954"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1774-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0026","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2357"],"text":["A\u0026M 0026","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2357","Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Court records","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","West Virginia - Politics and government.","County courts","Court records","Debt, Imprisonment for","Justice, Administration of","Deeds","Land deeds and grants - Monongalia County.","Probate records","Public records","Real property","Naturalization","Enslaved persons","Slaves and slavery.","Indexes Surveyor Books 240-244 have a typed name index in the control folder, available upon request. Series Two is completley indexed, card index can be accessed on microfilm reels MON 293-MON 350, or the originals can be seen upon request.","Certificates of Naturalization, Personal Property Books, and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343 are not microfilmed, originals are open for research. For materials in boxes 1-240 and all other record books, researchers should use microfilm.","Microfilm error: Some of the title cards on reels MON 1-MON 238 incorrectly identify the box number. To ensure accuracy, refer to the envelope numbers on the reel, rather than the box number, when finding corresponding original materials. ","Paper materials are in envelopes, arranged chronologically by year and court.  ","The T-envelopes in boxes 324-341 appear to have originally been intended to be temporary locations for these materials, possibly preceding a project to sort them into boxes 1-323. The items in these boxes do not appear to have been arranged in any particular order. ","Personal property books, the addendum of 2026 March (boxes 348-520), are located offsite, please make an appointment before visiting.","This collection was indexed in the 1940s(?) and the card index contains outdated terminology to refer to African Americans. In order to make sure the card index is still useful in locating Black historical materials, this terminology has been retained where it was originally used.","Bound Volumes: ","There are 12 volumes of Monongalia County, (West) Virginia, records of the district, superior, and county courts, by Melba Pender Zinn, which are typed abstracts of the court case papers found on reels MON 1- MON 95, Envelope 308. The volumes include the transcript, reference to the original Microfilm reel and envelopes, and each has an index in the back. The volumes are located at 929.375452 Z66m in the Regional History Center. ","Monongalia County (West) Virginia Deedbook Records, 1784-1810, by Toothman. 929.375452 T619m ","Monongalia County, West Virginia, naturalization records, 1776-1906, by Williams. 929.375452 W674m ","Other A\u0026M Collections: ","A\u0026M 0091, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers. A\u0026M 0091 contains copies of Revolutionary war records from this collection, some of which were used as wrappers for later case papers in this collection, and are not indexed in this collection. ","Other collections with Monongalia County Court and Public records include: ","A\u0026M 2410, Monongalia County Court Records, Fiduciary Settlements   ","A\u0026M 0926, Monongalia County Justice Dockets and Case Files ","A\u0026M 0044, Monongalia County World War I Draft Records ","A\u0026M 0406, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers Typed Document ","A\u0026Ms 0404, 0405, 0585, 0586, 0700, 0701, 2410, 1953, 2774, 0388, 4719, 0586, 4183, 0980, 2269, 3562, 2741, 1875, and 3601. ","County court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. ","The first series, Microfilm, consists of 398 reels of microfilm. The first 238 reels are microfilm copies of the court papers in boxes 1-239, and part of box 240. Reels MON 293-MON 350 are copies of the alphabetical name and subject sections of the card index for the collection. The remainder of the reels are film of the record books of this collection. These record books are records of the County, Circuit, and Circuit Superior Courts for Monongalia, and give information on the types of cases, court administration, and financing. There are a significant number of indexes for deeds and marriages, as well as some deed, land, and survey books, records of the Sheriff, and some records of private businesses and organizations.  ","Series 2 contains 341 boxes of court record papers from 1774-1934. These papers consist primarily of case related papers, and include various types of records such as orders, commitments, bills, warrants, and transcripts. There are many records relating to early families in Monongalia County. The material in this series is completely indexed, and the card index can be used to locate records for a specific person/family, in a specific year or court (County, Circuit, Circuit Superior), or by subject. Please note that a copy of the Alphabetical and Subject indexes, including a list of the subjects on each reel drawer, can be found on MON 293-MON 350, in Series 2. No copy of the chronological index exists, ask for assistance using this section. Boxes 324-341 at the end of this series contain envelopes T1-T148, which hold similar records to the rest of the paper materials. There is a separate drawer of the card index for the \"T\" envelopes, but it has not been microfilmed.","Series 3 consists of 107 record books spanning 1781 to 1936. The bulk of these records (70 books) are indexes to deeds and marriages. There are also 13 volumes of Naturalization records, as well as survey, land, deed, and estate books. There are two minute books of private organizations, the Humane Society (item 254, 1900-1902) and the Order of the Sons of Temperance (262, 1851-1857). Except for the Naturalization records and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343, the remainder of the books have been filmed. ","An addendum was added to this collection in March of 2026. This addendum consists of 175 personal property tax ledgers from 1851-1954. These ledgers contain information on citizens of Monongalia County by district, and volumes prior to 1863 contain information on enslavement and freedpeople.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia Justices of the Peace","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0026","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2357"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives"],"geogname_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives"],"creator_ssm":["Monongalia County Court"],"creator_ssim":["Monongalia County Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Monongalia County Court"],"creators_ssim":["Monongalia County Court"],"places_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County -- archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Series Two is completley indexed, card index can be accessed on microfilm reels MON 293-MON 350, or the originals can be seen upon request."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCertificates of Naturalization, Personal Property Books, and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343 are not microfilmed, originals are open for research. For materials in boxes 1-240 and all other record books, researchers should use microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certificates of Naturalization, Personal Property Books, and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343 are not microfilmed, originals are open for research. For materials in boxes 1-240 and all other record books, researchers should use microfilm."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm error: Some of the title cards on reels MON 1-MON 238 incorrectly identify the box number. To ensure accuracy, refer to the envelope numbers on the reel, rather than the box number, when finding corresponding original materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePaper materials are in envelopes, arranged chronologically by year and court.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe T-envelopes in boxes 324-341 appear to have originally been intended to be temporary locations for these materials, possibly preceding a project to sort them into boxes 1-323. The items in these boxes do not appear to have been arranged in any particular order. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Microfilm error: Some of the title cards on reels MON 1-MON 238 incorrectly identify the box number. To ensure accuracy, refer to the envelope numbers on the reel, rather than the box number, when finding corresponding original materials. ","Paper materials are in envelopes, arranged chronologically by year and court.  ","The T-envelopes in boxes 324-341 appear to have originally been intended to be temporary locations for these materials, possibly preceding a project to sort them into boxes 1-323. The items in these boxes do not appear to have been arranged in any particular order. "],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal property books, the addendum of 2026 March (boxes 348-520), are located offsite, please make an appointment before visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Personal property books, the addendum of 2026 March (boxes 348-520), are located offsite, please make an appointment before visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0026, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monongalia County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026M 0026, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was indexed in the 1940s(?) and the card index contains outdated terminology to refer to African Americans. In order to make sure the card index is still useful in locating Black historical materials, this terminology has been retained where it was originally used.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was indexed in the 1940s(?) and the card index contains outdated terminology to refer to African Americans. In order to make sure the card index is still useful in locating Black historical materials, this terminology has been retained where it was originally used."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound Volumes: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are 12 volumes of Monongalia County, (West) Virginia, records of the district, superior, and county courts, by Melba Pender Zinn, which are typed abstracts of the court case papers found on reels MON 1- MON 95, Envelope 308. The volumes include the transcript, reference to the original Microfilm reel and envelopes, and each has an index in the back. The volumes are located at 929.375452 Z66m in the Regional History Center. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMonongalia County (West) Virginia Deedbook Records, 1784-1810, by Toothman. 929.375452 T619m \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMonongalia County, West Virginia, naturalization records, 1776-1906, by Williams. 929.375452 W674m \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther A\u0026amp;M Collections: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0091, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers. A\u0026amp;M 0091 contains copies of Revolutionary war records from this collection, some of which were used as wrappers for later case papers in this collection, and are not indexed in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther collections with Monongalia County Court and Public records include: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 2410, Monongalia County Court Records, Fiduciary Settlements   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0926, Monongalia County Justice Dockets and Case Files \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0044, Monongalia County World War I Draft Records \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0406, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers Typed Document \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;Ms 0404, 0405, 0585, 0586, 0700, 0701, 2410, 1953, 2774, 0388, 4719, 0586, 4183, 0980, 2269, 3562, 2741, 1875, and 3601. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["See Also"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bound Volumes: ","There are 12 volumes of Monongalia County, (West) Virginia, records of the district, superior, and county courts, by Melba Pender Zinn, which are typed abstracts of the court case papers found on reels MON 1- MON 95, Envelope 308. The volumes include the transcript, reference to the original Microfilm reel and envelopes, and each has an index in the back. The volumes are located at 929.375452 Z66m in the Regional History Center. ","Monongalia County (West) Virginia Deedbook Records, 1784-1810, by Toothman. 929.375452 T619m ","Monongalia County, West Virginia, naturalization records, 1776-1906, by Williams. 929.375452 W674m ","Other A\u0026M Collections: ","A\u0026M 0091, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers. A\u0026M 0091 contains copies of Revolutionary war records from this collection, some of which were used as wrappers for later case papers in this collection, and are not indexed in this collection. ","Other collections with Monongalia County Court and Public records include: ","A\u0026M 2410, Monongalia County Court Records, Fiduciary Settlements   ","A\u0026M 0926, Monongalia County Justice Dockets and Case Files ","A\u0026M 0044, Monongalia County World War I Draft Records ","A\u0026M 0406, Monongalia County Revolutionary Soldiers Typed Document ","A\u0026Ms 0404, 0405, 0585, 0586, 0700, 0701, 2410, 1953, 2774, 0388, 4719, 0586, 4183, 0980, 2269, 3562, 2741, 1875, and 3601. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCounty court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series, Microfilm, consists of 398 reels of microfilm. The first 238 reels are microfilm copies of the court papers in boxes 1-239, and part of box 240. Reels MON 293-MON 350 are copies of the alphabetical name and subject sections of the card index for the collection. The remainder of the reels are film of the record books of this collection. These record books are records of the County, Circuit, and Circuit Superior Courts for Monongalia, and give information on the types of cases, court administration, and financing. There are a significant number of indexes for deeds and marriages, as well as some deed, land, and survey books, records of the Sheriff, and some records of private businesses and organizations.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 contains 341 boxes of court record papers from 1774-1934. These papers consist primarily of case related papers, and include various types of records such as orders, commitments, bills, warrants, and transcripts. There are many records relating to early families in Monongalia County. The material in this series is completely indexed, and the card index can be used to locate records for a specific person/family, in a specific year or court (County, Circuit, Circuit Superior), or by subject. Please note that a copy of the Alphabetical and Subject indexes, including a list of the subjects on each reel drawer, can be found on MON 293-MON 350, in Series 2. No copy of the chronological index exists, ask for assistance using this section. Boxes 324-341 at the end of this series contain envelopes T1-T148, which hold similar records to the rest of the paper materials. There is a separate drawer of the card index for the \"T\" envelopes, but it has not been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 consists of 107 record books spanning 1781 to 1936. The bulk of these records (70 books) are indexes to deeds and marriages. There are also 13 volumes of Naturalization records, as well as survey, land, deed, and estate books. There are two minute books of private organizations, the Humane Society (item 254, 1900-1902) and the Order of the Sons of Temperance (262, 1851-1857). Except for the Naturalization records and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343, the remainder of the books have been filmed. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn addendum was added to this collection in March of 2026. This addendum consists of 175 personal property tax ledgers from 1851-1954. These ledgers contain information on citizens of Monongalia County by district, and volumes prior to 1863 contain information on enslavement and freedpeople.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["County court records consisting primarily of records of court proceedings including dockets, executions, orders, and fees as well as case papers and public records consisting primarily of land and property records including deeds, land, and personal property books. There are also some records of private businesses, private organizations, Sheriff's records, and voting records. This collection consists of three series and an addendum. ","The first series, Microfilm, consists of 398 reels of microfilm. The first 238 reels are microfilm copies of the court papers in boxes 1-239, and part of box 240. Reels MON 293-MON 350 are copies of the alphabetical name and subject sections of the card index for the collection. The remainder of the reels are film of the record books of this collection. These record books are records of the County, Circuit, and Circuit Superior Courts for Monongalia, and give information on the types of cases, court administration, and financing. There are a significant number of indexes for deeds and marriages, as well as some deed, land, and survey books, records of the Sheriff, and some records of private businesses and organizations.  ","Series 2 contains 341 boxes of court record papers from 1774-1934. These papers consist primarily of case related papers, and include various types of records such as orders, commitments, bills, warrants, and transcripts. There are many records relating to early families in Monongalia County. The material in this series is completely indexed, and the card index can be used to locate records for a specific person/family, in a specific year or court (County, Circuit, Circuit Superior), or by subject. Please note that a copy of the Alphabetical and Subject indexes, including a list of the subjects on each reel drawer, can be found on MON 293-MON 350, in Series 2. No copy of the chronological index exists, ask for assistance using this section. Boxes 324-341 at the end of this series contain envelopes T1-T148, which hold similar records to the rest of the paper materials. There is a separate drawer of the card index for the \"T\" envelopes, but it has not been microfilmed.","Series 3 consists of 107 record books spanning 1781 to 1936. The bulk of these records (70 books) are indexes to deeds and marriages. There are also 13 volumes of Naturalization records, as well as survey, land, deed, and estate books. There are two minute books of private organizations, the Humane Society (item 254, 1900-1902) and the Order of the Sons of Temperance (262, 1851-1857). Except for the Naturalization records and items 271, 194, 207, 208, 246, and 343, the remainder of the books have been filmed. ","An addendum was added to this collection in March of 2026. This addendum consists of 175 personal property tax ledgers from 1851-1954. These ledgers contain information on citizens of Monongalia County by district, and volumes prior to 1863 contain information on enslavement and freedpeople."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_32df60d6228efe19f0b95eaaba107351\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia Justices of the Peace"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia Justices of the Peace"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monongalia County Court","Monongalia District Court","Monongalia Superior Courts of Law","Monongalia Circuit 1 Superior Courts of Law and Chancery","Monongalia Justices of the Peace"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1133,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:06:30.023Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2357"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Monroe County Archives","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Monroe County Court","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Court case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2432.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196498","title_ssm":["Monroe County Archives"],"title_tesim":["Monroe County Archives"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1772-1923"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1772-1923"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0102","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2432"],"text":["A\u0026M 0102","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2432","Monroe County Archives","Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union.","Account books","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Court records","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Petroleum industry and trade","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","Taverns (Inns)","Taxation","Transportation","All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Court case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monroe County Court","Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0102","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2432"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Monroe County Archives"],"collection_title_tesim":["Monroe County Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Monroe County Archives"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union."],"geogname_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union."],"creator_ssm":["Monroe County Court"],"creator_ssim":["Monroe County Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Monroe County Court"],"creators_ssim":["Monroe County Court"],"places_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Court records","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Petroleum industry and trade","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","Taverns (Inns)","Taxation","Transportation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Court records","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Petroleum industry and trade","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","Taverns (Inns)","Taxation","Transportation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["65.08 Linear Feet Summary: 65 ft. 1 in. (96 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 records carton, 17 in.); (19 ledgers, 2 ft. 5 in.); (120 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["65.08 Linear Feet Summary: 65 ft. 1 in. (96 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 records carton, 17 in.); (19 ledgers, 2 ft. 5 in.); (120 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monroe County Archives, A\u0026amp;M 0102, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monroe County Archives, A\u0026M 0102, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f2cb3ae909ece313f0fb1925ac4ae3a4\"\u003eCourt case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Court case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c0b493bef36cc0ebc0cbecf7bc000ecc\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monroe County Court","Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monroe County Court","Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:43.822Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2432.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196498","title_ssm":["Monroe County Archives"],"title_tesim":["Monroe County Archives"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1772-1923"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1772-1923"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0102","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2432"],"text":["A\u0026M 0102","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2432","Monroe County Archives","Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union.","Account books","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Court records","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Petroleum industry and trade","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","Taverns (Inns)","Taxation","Transportation","All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Court case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monroe County Court","Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0102","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2432"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Monroe County Archives"],"collection_title_tesim":["Monroe County Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Monroe County Archives"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union."],"geogname_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union."],"creator_ssm":["Monroe County Court"],"creator_ssim":["Monroe County Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Monroe County Court"],"creators_ssim":["Monroe County Court"],"places_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Union."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Court records","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Petroleum industry and trade","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","Taverns (Inns)","Taxation","Transportation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Court records","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Petroleum industry and trade","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","Taverns (Inns)","Taxation","Transportation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["65.08 Linear Feet Summary: 65 ft. 1 in. (96 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 records carton, 17 in.); (19 ledgers, 2 ft. 5 in.); (120 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["65.08 Linear Feet Summary: 65 ft. 1 in. (96 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 records carton, 17 in.); (19 ledgers, 2 ft. 5 in.); (120 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monroe County Archives, A\u0026amp;M 0102, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Monroe County Archives, A\u0026M 0102, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f2cb3ae909ece313f0fb1925ac4ae3a4\"\u003eCourt case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Court case papers, wills, deeds, surveys and plats, ca.1772-1879, along with bound volumes of court records, deeds, estrays, road and tax records, a register for free blacks, and private account books, 1783-1923. The account books include: records of a U.S. Army post hospital at Union, 1867-1869; oil well drilling, 1886-1890; Union and Fort Spring Stage Line, 1876-1877; newspapers, 1867-1903; taverns, 1815-1872; and Union Lyceum minutes, 1845-1847."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c0b493bef36cc0ebc0cbecf7bc000ecc\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monroe County Court","Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Monroe County Court","Union and Fort Spring Stage Line.","Union Lyceum (West Virginia)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:43.822Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2432"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Henderson, Noah","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePersonal papers of Noah Henderson of Monongalia County, West Virginia, consisting mainly of incoming correspondence and financial and legal documents from 1859 to 1926. Collection chiefly contains deeds, state and county tax receipts, a survey and plat, and oil and gas lease documents from the 1860s to the 1900s. Other financial documents from 1910 to 1926 relate to bank accounts and settlement of Henderson's estate after his death in 1920. Letters from relatives in the 1890s and 1900s primarily describe the correspondents' health and weather. Also included are several letters written to Henderson by Alpheus Garrison, a Union soldier during the Civil War in the 17th West Virginia Infantry, between 1863 and 1866. Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3299.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197227","title_ssm":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859-1926"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1859-1926"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0787","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3299"],"text":["A\u0026M 0787","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3299","Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Account books","Gas industry","Petroleum industry and trade","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Personal papers of Noah Henderson of Monongalia County, West Virginia, consisting mainly of incoming correspondence and financial and legal documents from 1859 to 1926. Collection chiefly contains deeds, state and county tax receipts, a survey and plat, and oil and gas lease documents from the 1860s to the 1900s. Other financial documents from 1910 to 1926 relate to bank accounts and settlement of Henderson's estate after his death in 1920. Letters from relatives in the 1890s and 1900s primarily describe the correspondents' health and weather. Also included are several letters written to Henderson by Alpheus Garrison, a Union soldier during the Civil War in the 17th West Virginia Infantry, between 1863 and 1866. Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill.","Issues of the Wheeling (WV)  Weekly Intelligencer  from 1889, 1990, and 1892 were removed from the collection and stored in the Special Microfilm Pam. File.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Henderson, Noah","Garrison, Alpheus.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0787","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3299"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. 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(4 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet Summary: 2 in. (4 folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0787, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers, A\u0026M 0787, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal papers of Noah Henderson of Monongalia County, West Virginia, consisting mainly of incoming correspondence and financial and legal documents from 1859 to 1926. Collection chiefly contains deeds, state and county tax receipts, a survey and plat, and oil and gas lease documents from the 1860s to the 1900s. Other financial documents from 1910 to 1926 relate to bank accounts and settlement of Henderson's estate after his death in 1920. Letters from relatives in the 1890s and 1900s primarily describe the correspondents' health and weather. Also included are several letters written to Henderson by Alpheus Garrison, a Union soldier during the Civil War in the 17th West Virginia Infantry, between 1863 and 1866. Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal papers of Noah Henderson of Monongalia County, West Virginia, consisting mainly of incoming correspondence and financial and legal documents from 1859 to 1926. Collection chiefly contains deeds, state and county tax receipts, a survey and plat, and oil and gas lease documents from the 1860s to the 1900s. Other financial documents from 1910 to 1926 relate to bank accounts and settlement of Henderson's estate after his death in 1920. Letters from relatives in the 1890s and 1900s primarily describe the correspondents' health and weather. Also included are several letters written to Henderson by Alpheus Garrison, a Union soldier during the Civil War in the 17th West Virginia Infantry, between 1863 and 1866. Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIssues of the Wheeling (WV) \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWeekly Intelligencer\u003c/title\u003e from 1889, 1990, and 1892 were removed from the collection and stored in the Special Microfilm Pam. File.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Issues of the Wheeling (WV)  Weekly Intelligencer  from 1889, 1990, and 1892 were removed from the collection and stored in the Special Microfilm Pam. File."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a47b381e9b09584cf7c4533259b44e05\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill.","Issues of the Wheeling (WV)  Weekly Intelligencer  from 1889, 1990, and 1892 were removed from the collection and stored in the Special Microfilm Pam. File.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Henderson, Noah","Garrison, Alpheus.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0787","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3299"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. 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(4 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet Summary: 2 in. (4 folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0787, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Noah Henderson (Monongalia County, W.Va.) Financial and Legal Papers, A\u0026M 0787, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal papers of Noah Henderson of Monongalia County, West Virginia, consisting mainly of incoming correspondence and financial and legal documents from 1859 to 1926. Collection chiefly contains deeds, state and county tax receipts, a survey and plat, and oil and gas lease documents from the 1860s to the 1900s. Other financial documents from 1910 to 1926 relate to bank accounts and settlement of Henderson's estate after his death in 1920. Letters from relatives in the 1890s and 1900s primarily describe the correspondents' health and weather. Also included are several letters written to Henderson by Alpheus Garrison, a Union soldier during the Civil War in the 17th West Virginia Infantry, between 1863 and 1866. Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal papers of Noah Henderson of Monongalia County, West Virginia, consisting mainly of incoming correspondence and financial and legal documents from 1859 to 1926. Collection chiefly contains deeds, state and county tax receipts, a survey and plat, and oil and gas lease documents from the 1860s to the 1900s. Other financial documents from 1910 to 1926 relate to bank accounts and settlement of Henderson's estate after his death in 1920. Letters from relatives in the 1890s and 1900s primarily describe the correspondents' health and weather. Also included are several letters written to Henderson by Alpheus Garrison, a Union soldier during the Civil War in the 17th West Virginia Infantry, between 1863 and 1866. Garrison writes briefly about winter quarters, a snowball fight, food, Confederate prisoners, and his mill."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIssues of the Wheeling (WV) \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWeekly Intelligencer\u003c/title\u003e from 1889, 1990, and 1892 were removed from the collection and stored in the Special Microfilm Pam. File.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Issues of the Wheeling (WV)  Weekly Intelligencer  from 1889, 1990, and 1892 were removed from the collection and stored in the Special Microfilm Pam. File."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a47b381e9b09584cf7c4533259b44e05\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Henderson, Noah","Garrison, Alpheus."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Garrison, Alpheus.","Henderson, Noah"],"persname_ssim":["Henderson, Noah","Garrison, Alpheus."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":66,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:03:19.077Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3299"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Preston County Court","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026amp; McGrew dry goods store.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_715.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195206","title_ssm":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"title_tesim":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"unitdate_ssm":["1818-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1818-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2578","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/715"],"text":["A\u0026M 2578","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/715","Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books","Preston County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.) -- archives","Court records","Public records","County courts","Court calendars","Real property","Taxation","Justice, Administration of","No special access restriction applies.","During the 2026 reprocessing project, A\u0026M 0214 was merged into this collection. Reels PRE 1- PRE 15 were formerly A\u0026M 0214; since they were already connected with A\u0026M 2578 and there were no other materials for A\u0026M 0214, the decision was made to merge them. ","Item 13 was a collection of papers, which were moved into a folder as part of the 2026 reprocessing project. ","Realted: A\u0026M 0956, Preston County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","Other Collections:\nA\u0026M 1084, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 1062, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 0279, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 0429, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 1296, Preston County Board of Education Records ","A\u0026M 0810, James H. Carroll, County Circuit Court Clerk, Papers ","A\u0026M 0571, Samuel T. Wiley, Author, Notebook regarding Publication of \"History of Preston County\"","County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail and other court proceedings books including jury, process, and rule books.  ","Additionally, there is one volume of an Alien Declaration Book, which contains immigration records from 1906-1909, a List of Qualified Voters (1876), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store (1870-1874). ","The majority of the materials in this collection exist only as microfilm, but there are also 13 physical record books, which have not been microfilmed. Additionally, there is one folder of paper records from Preston County, which include election records from 1896, and financial records such as war risk insurance, and certificates of stock.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Preston County Court","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2578","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/715"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"collection_title_tesim":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"collection_ssim":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Preston County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.) -- archives"],"geogname_ssim":["Preston County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.) -- archives"],"creator_ssm":["Preston County Court"],"creator_ssim":["Preston County Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Preston County Court"],"creators_ssim":["Preston County Court"],"places_ssim":["Preston County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.) -- archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Sheriff Wade Graham of the Preston County Jail, 1978 September 1 and December 11.","Reels PRE 1-15 were formerly A\u0026M 0214, which was a gift of the Preston County Courthouse in Kingwood, WV, 1987 March 31."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Court records","Public records","County courts","Court calendars","Real property","Taxation","Justice, Administration of"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Court records","Public records","County courts","Court calendars","Real property","Taxation","Justice, Administration of"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.34 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (7 unboxed ledgers, 1 ft. 5 in.); (1 record carton, 15 in.); (128 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (1 folder, .1 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["21.34 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (7 unboxed ledgers, 1 ft. 5 in.); (1 record carton, 15 in.); (128 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (1 folder, .1 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books, A\u0026amp;M 2578, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books, A\u0026M 2578, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the 2026 reprocessing project, A\u0026amp;M 0214 was merged into this collection. Reels PRE 1- PRE 15 were formerly A\u0026amp;M 0214; since they were already connected with A\u0026amp;M 2578 and there were no other materials for A\u0026amp;M 0214, the decision was made to merge them. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem 13 was a collection of papers, which were moved into a folder as part of the 2026 reprocessing project. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["During the 2026 reprocessing project, A\u0026M 0214 was merged into this collection. Reels PRE 1- PRE 15 were formerly A\u0026M 0214; since they were already connected with A\u0026M 2578 and there were no other materials for A\u0026M 0214, the decision was made to merge them. ","Item 13 was a collection of papers, which were moved into a folder as part of the 2026 reprocessing project. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRealted: A\u0026amp;M 0956, Preston County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Collections:\nA\u0026amp;M 1084, George W. Fairfax Papers \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 1062, George W. Fairfax Papers \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0279, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0429, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 1296, Preston County Board of Education Records \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0810, James H. Carroll, County Circuit Court Clerk, Papers \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0571, Samuel T. Wiley, Author, Notebook regarding Publication of \"History of Preston County\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["See Also"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Realted: A\u0026M 0956, Preston County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","Other Collections:\nA\u0026M 1084, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 1062, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 0279, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 0429, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 1296, Preston County Board of Education Records ","A\u0026M 0810, James H. Carroll, County Circuit Court Clerk, Papers ","A\u0026M 0571, Samuel T. Wiley, Author, Notebook regarding Publication of \"History of Preston County\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail and other court proceedings books including jury, process, and rule books.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, there is one volume of an Alien Declaration Book, which contains immigration records from 1906-1909, a List of Qualified Voters (1876), and a private account book of the Park \u0026amp; McGrew dry goods store (1870-1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the materials in this collection exist only as microfilm, but there are also 13 physical record books, which have not been microfilmed. Additionally, there is one folder of paper records from Preston County, which include election records from 1896, and financial records such as war risk insurance, and certificates of stock.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail and other court proceedings books including jury, process, and rule books.  ","Additionally, there is one volume of an Alien Declaration Book, which contains immigration records from 1906-1909, a List of Qualified Voters (1876), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store (1870-1874). ","The majority of the materials in this collection exist only as microfilm, but there are also 13 physical record books, which have not been microfilmed. Additionally, there is one folder of paper records from Preston County, which include election records from 1896, and financial records such as war risk insurance, and certificates of stock."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4215b00466640f6685f63b13862a9f7c\"\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026amp; McGrew dry goods store.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fc92105b15ee3e9f06aa232c76ca374d\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Preston County Court"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Preston County Court"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":161,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T15:08:29.263Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_715.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195206","title_ssm":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"title_tesim":["Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books"],"unitdate_ssm":["1818-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1818-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2578","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/715"],"text":["A\u0026M 2578","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/715","Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books","Preston County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.) -- archives","Court records","Public records","County courts","Court calendars","Real property","Taxation","Justice, Administration of","No special access restriction applies.","During the 2026 reprocessing project, A\u0026M 0214 was merged into this collection. Reels PRE 1- PRE 15 were formerly A\u0026M 0214; since they were already connected with A\u0026M 2578 and there were no other materials for A\u0026M 0214, the decision was made to merge them. ","Item 13 was a collection of papers, which were moved into a folder as part of the 2026 reprocessing project. ","Realted: A\u0026M 0956, Preston County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","Other Collections:\nA\u0026M 1084, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 1062, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 0279, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 0429, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 1296, Preston County Board of Education Records ","A\u0026M 0810, James H. Carroll, County Circuit Court Clerk, Papers ","A\u0026M 0571, Samuel T. Wiley, Author, Notebook regarding Publication of \"History of Preston County\"","County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail and other court proceedings books including jury, process, and rule books.  ","Additionally, there is one volume of an Alien Declaration Book, which contains immigration records from 1906-1909, a List of Qualified Voters (1876), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store (1870-1874). ","The majority of the materials in this collection exist only as microfilm, but there are also 13 physical record books, which have not been microfilmed. Additionally, there is one folder of paper records from Preston County, which include election records from 1896, and financial records such as war risk insurance, and certificates of stock.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Preston County Court","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2578","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/715"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Preston County (W. Va.) 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Sheriff Wade Graham of the Preston County Jail, 1978 September 1 and December 11.","Reels PRE 1-15 were formerly A\u0026M 0214, which was a gift of the Preston County Courthouse in Kingwood, WV, 1987 March 31."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Court records","Public records","County courts","Court calendars","Real property","Taxation","Justice, Administration of"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Court records","Public records","County courts","Court calendars","Real property","Taxation","Justice, Administration of"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.34 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (7 unboxed ledgers, 1 ft. 5 in.); (1 record carton, 15 in.); (128 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (1 folder, .1 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["21.34 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (7 unboxed ledgers, 1 ft. 5 in.); (1 record carton, 15 in.); (128 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (1 folder, .1 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books, A\u0026amp;M 2578, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Preston County (W. Va.) Court Record Books, A\u0026M 2578, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the 2026 reprocessing project, A\u0026amp;M 0214 was merged into this collection. Reels PRE 1- PRE 15 were formerly A\u0026amp;M 0214; since they were already connected with A\u0026amp;M 2578 and there were no other materials for A\u0026amp;M 0214, the decision was made to merge them. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem 13 was a collection of papers, which were moved into a folder as part of the 2026 reprocessing project. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["During the 2026 reprocessing project, A\u0026M 0214 was merged into this collection. Reels PRE 1- PRE 15 were formerly A\u0026M 0214; since they were already connected with A\u0026M 2578 and there were no other materials for A\u0026M 0214, the decision was made to merge them. ","Item 13 was a collection of papers, which were moved into a folder as part of the 2026 reprocessing project. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRealted: A\u0026amp;M 0956, Preston County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Collections:\nA\u0026amp;M 1084, George W. Fairfax Papers \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 1062, George W. Fairfax Papers \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0279, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0429, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 1296, Preston County Board of Education Records \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0810, James H. Carroll, County Circuit Court Clerk, Papers \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0571, Samuel T. Wiley, Author, Notebook regarding Publication of \"History of Preston County\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["See Also"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Realted: A\u0026M 0956, Preston County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers","Other Collections:\nA\u0026M 1084, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 1062, George W. Fairfax Papers ","A\u0026M 0279, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 0429, Surveyor's Field Book, Preston County  ","A\u0026M 1296, Preston County Board of Education Records ","A\u0026M 0810, James H. Carroll, County Circuit Court Clerk, Papers ","A\u0026M 0571, Samuel T. Wiley, Author, Notebook regarding Publication of \"History of Preston County\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail and other court proceedings books including jury, process, and rule books.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, there is one volume of an Alien Declaration Book, which contains immigration records from 1906-1909, a List of Qualified Voters (1876), and a private account book of the Park \u0026amp; McGrew dry goods store (1870-1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the materials in this collection exist only as microfilm, but there are also 13 physical record books, which have not been microfilmed. Additionally, there is one folder of paper records from Preston County, which include election records from 1896, and financial records such as war risk insurance, and certificates of stock.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail and other court proceedings books including jury, process, and rule books.  ","Additionally, there is one volume of an Alien Declaration Book, which contains immigration records from 1906-1909, a List of Qualified Voters (1876), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store (1870-1874). ","The majority of the materials in this collection exist only as microfilm, but there are also 13 physical record books, which have not been microfilmed. Additionally, there is one folder of paper records from Preston County, which include election records from 1896, and financial records such as war risk insurance, and certificates of stock."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4215b00466640f6685f63b13862a9f7c\"\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026amp; McGrew dry goods store.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of land and personal property tax books and civil and criminal dockets. There are also a few other record books of the jail, other court proceedings (such as jury, process, and rule books), and a private account book of the Park \u0026 McGrew dry goods store."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fc92105b15ee3e9f06aa232c76ca374d\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Preston County Court"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Preston County Court"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":161,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T15:08:29.263Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_715"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated), Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated), Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated), Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated), Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated), and Administrative Files (1937-1940).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3687.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/208740","title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1840-2003","1918-1955"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1918-1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1840-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0873","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3687"],"text":["A\u0026M 0873","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3687","Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers","Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Coal mining - Labor organization.","Education","Elections","Guffey Coal Act.","New Deal, 1933-1939","Politics and government.","Public utilities","Taxation","Unions.","United States - Social Security.","Social Security -- United States","Wheeler-Rayburn Holding Company Act","Isolationism -- United States -- History -- 20th Century","World War, 1939-1945","Politicians -- United States","No special access restriction applies.","This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 1858, 4218, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers.","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center.    ","Rush Dew Holt was born in Weston, West Virginia, on June 19, 1905 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Chihela (Dew) Holt. From an early age, Holt displayed scholarly potential. By age three, he was able to read first-grade primers, and eventually became interested in numerous topics for which he was able to provide detailed statistics. Among these interests was politics, and by age six, Holt had decided he would become a Democrat.","The potential displayed by Holt as a child continued into his school years. At age five, he began public education in the second grade, and he skipped grades on two more occasions. He attended Weston High School, and after graduating with honors at age fourteen, Holt applied to the University of Cincinnati; however, the register rejected the application because Holt, while academically qualified, was considered too young. Not one to admit defeat, a trait that would prove to be a lifelong characteristic, Holt turned to West Virginia University where he was accepted. As the youngest member of the freshman class, Holt found it difficult to obtain full acceptance as a college student, and his academic record reflected his apparent dissatisfaction. After two years at West Virginia University, Holt transferred to Salem College where the enrollment was smaller (approximately 300 students) and where he was able to live with his uncle, Professor Samuel Dew. It was at Salem College that Holt regained his self-confidence. His academic performance improved, and he maintained a B-plus average. In addition to academics, Holt excelled on the debate team. He was the editor-in-chief of the school paper, and he managed the tennis team.","In 1924, Holt received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and qualification to teach at secondary schools. Shortly after his graduation, he was hired to teach at Bedford High School in Virginia where he taught English and history in addition to serving as the school's athletic director. After one academic year, Holt returned to Weston, West Virginia, where he took a position at St. Patrick's High School as the athletic director. Holt also coached the basketball team with abundant success, leading the team to two national tournaments for Catholic schools. During this time, Holt also taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College, but his fascination with athletics persisted. In addition to coaching and occasional officiating, Holt also began writing about sports. Eventually, he began to contribute columns to daily West Virginia newspapers.","By the late 1920s, Holt was attracted to the political environment, and he began to contribute to candidates who were friends of and/or who shared the views of his father. In the summer of 1928, Holt went one step further by announcing his candidacy as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates. Despite Lewis County having been predominately Republican, in addition to not having received significant party backing, Holt still obtained a higher-than-expected amount of support, losing his race by only 500 votes. Once again, however, Holt would not admit defeat. In 1930 Holt again announced his candidacy for the West Virginia House of Delegates. During the campaign, he visited locations all around Lewis County, spoke to anyone who would listen, and ensured that the grievances such as those concerning government cost, increased taxes, and the power of privately owned public utilities would all be addressed. As expected with any campaign, Holt received criticism, and those who opposed him likened the young politician to his father who they declared was a radical, a socialist, and an atheist. Despite the scornful claims, Holt, by a margin of 2,150 votes, was elected to his first public office as a Democrat to the West Virginia Legislature where he served from 1931-1935. During his years as a delegate, as promised during his campaign, Holt spoke out against corrupt practices such as government spending, an issue he addressed not even a week into the 1931 session. In addition to debating issues in the House, Holt also wrote to state supported universities, highway commissioners, and auditors in West Virginia and numerous other states to gather financial figures concerning spending, salaries, and taxes among others. Holt also began an investigation in 1931 to uncover rates, operating costs, and profits of privately and publically owned utility companies. All of these endeavors were only the first chapter in Holt's political career.","By 1934 he had gained the political support and the backing of union workers which was enough to defeat incumbent United States Senator Henry Hatfield. At age twenty-nine, Holt became the youngest person to win a United States Senate seat; however, there was immediate criticism. No sooner had the votes been tallied before a protest was filed concerning Holt's credentials: the fact that he had run for an office when he had not been of the required age. In addition to discontent within his own state, Holt also received overwhelming opposition in Washington, D.C. from Senate Republicans who threatened to object on the grounds of the constitutional age requirement. Despite the criticism, Holt's election was not overturned; however, he had to wait until he turned thirty, over five months after the Seventy-forth Congress had convened, before he could participate in senatorial proceedings.","Just as he had been active in the West Virginia Legislature, Holt did not hesitate to address both major and minor issues on Capitol Hill either. During his time in the Senate, Holt served on several committees including Education and Labor, Immigration, Mines and Mining, Naval Affairs, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He also served as a member of the United States delegation to the 1939 Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway.","Although Holt had once been referred to as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's \"Golden Boy,\" such alliances and the policies that had formed them began to dissolve by 1936. He became estranged from fellow Democrat and West Virginian Senator Matthew Neely, and Holt ended his support for the United Mine Workers of America and the Works Progress Administration, the latter of which he claimed was corrupt. Eventually, Holt criticized the Roosevelt administration for its New Deal policies, he adamantly fought Roosevelt's attempt to alter the Supreme Court by changing the number of sitting justices from nine to twelve, and he spoke out against the proposition of allowing a presidential third term. Furthermore, as unrest began in Europe with Germany's invasion of Poland, Holt campaigned against any attempts by the administration to involve the United States in the War. The responses from constituents about Holt's actions were mixed; nevertheless, the young senator's sudden change led to his unsuccessful renomination attempt in 1940. Holt did not even make it past the primary election.","After his Senate term ended, Holt remained in Washington, D.C. and began to support himself as a lecturer and a writer of political issues, particularly neutrality for which he received the support of the America First Committee. It was also during this time that Holt met Helen Louise Froelich, a biology teacher at National Park College near Washington. They were married a year later and moved to West Virginia. The couple had two children: a daughter, Helen Jane Holt (born in 1945) and a son, Rush Dew Holt, Jr. (born in 1948). When Senator Holt's sister, Jane (Holt) Chase, died in 1952, the couple adopted her son, David. After the Holts returned to West Virginia in 1941, Holt stayed involved in politics by accepting speaking engagements. ","During the remainder of the 1940s, Holt ran several times for state offices with modest success. He was elected to the State House of Delegates in 1942 and was reelected in 1944 by write-in vote and 1946 without opposition. After a failed attempt to win the West Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1944 and the nomination for United States Senator in 1948, Holt changed political affiliation. Despite this, his lack of success to achieve positions beyond the House of Delegates continued. In 1950, he won the Republican nomination to represent West Virginia's Third District in the United States House of Representatives but lost in the general election, and in 1952 Holt came very close to winning the race for West Virginia governor as the Republican candidate but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes. Success returned in 1954 when Holt was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates by the voters of Lewis County, but he was unable to finish his term due to illness.","Holt died on February 8, 1955 after a long, tough campaign against cancer.","Chronological List of Events:","June 19, 1905: born","1920: graduated from high school","1920-1922: attended West Virginia University","1922-1924: attended Salem College, received a BA degree ","1924-1925: taught English and history and served as athletic director at Bedford High School in Virginia","1925-1928: served as athletic director and basketball coach at St. Patrick's High School (Catholic school) in Weston, West Virginia; taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College; and contributed sport columns to daily West Virginia newspapers","1928: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, lost by 500 votes ","1930: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, won by 2,150 votes, served from 1931-1935 ","1934: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate and won despite being only twenty-nine years old","1939: served as a member of the United States delegation to the Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway","1940: ran for renomination to the Senate, failed to win the primary election","1941: married Helen Louise Froelich","1942: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won, reelected in 1944, 1946, and 1948, served until 1950.","1944: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia gubernatorial nomination but was unsuccessful  ","1945: birth of Helen Jane Holt","1948: birth of Rush Dew Holt, Jr.","1948: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate nomination but was unsuccessful ","1948: switched political affiliation to the Republican Party ","1952: ran as the Republican candidate for West Virginia Governor but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes","1954: ran as a Republican for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won","February 8, 1955: death ","Sources:","Coffey, William Ellis.  Rush Dew Holt: The Boy Senator.  Dissertation, West Virginia University, 1970. ","A\u0026M 0873, Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.  ","1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4218, 4386","Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated) includes correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; and material from college courses, among other material that represents Rush Holt's personal life and political career; and ephemera collected by Rush Holt. Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated) includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt. Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated) includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity. Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated) includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents providing political opinions to Holt or requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated) includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media. Administrative Files (1937-1940) includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.","The collection is divided into six series as follows:","Series 1. Personal and Political Papers; 1840-2000 and undated (bulk 1918-1955)","Includes material related to Rush Holt's personal, family, and political life. Additional material related to his work in politics can be found in Series 3 through 6. Types of material include correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; material from college courses; bills for recordings, radio station receipts, and election expenditures; typescripts, newsletters, manuscripts, and photocopies of material written by Rush Holt; publications to which Rush Holt subscribed and collected; photographs that represent Rush Holt's personal life and political career; ephemera collected by Rush Holt; and election results collected by Rush Holt.","Series 2. Artifacts; 1939-1952 and undated","Includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt.","Series 3. Legislative Records; 1920-1955 and undated","Includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity.","Series 4. Constituent Services; 1923-1954 and undated","Includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. In some cases, this series also includes typescript responses, many of which are generic.","Series 5. Press and Media Activity; 1925-2003 and undated (bulk 1925-1955)","Includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media.    ","Series 6. Administrative Files; 1937-1940","Includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.   ","Ephemeral items not specific to Rush Dew Holt were moved to the Printed Ephemera Collection. Several local basketball scorecards were moved to A\u0026M 4216, the Annual West Virginia State High School Basketball Tournament Programs collection.","17 reels of undated sound recordings, chiefly relating to the political career of Rush Dew Holt, were separated to the oral history collection, C432 R699-R715 (17 tapes). These tapes include some personal material as well.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated), Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated), Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated), Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated), Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated), and Administrative Files (1937-1940).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","America First Committee","American Federation of Labor","Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)","United States. National Bituminous Coal Commission","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Progressive Mine Workers of America","United Mine Workers of America","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States. Supreme Court","United States. Congress. Senate","West Virginia. Legislature","United States. Works Progress Administration","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Weston State Hospital","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Bittner, Van A. (Van Amberg), 1885-1949","Black, Hugo LaFayette, 1886-1971","Coughlin, Charles E.","Edmiston, Andrew.","Farley, James A. (James Aloysius), 1888-1976","Green, William.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Hopkins, Harry L. (Harry Lloyd), 1890-1946","Ickes, Harold L. (Harold LeClair), 1874-1952","Kump, Herman Guy, 1877-1962","La Follette, Robert M. (Robert Marion), 1855-1925","Neely, Matthew Mansfield, 1874-1958","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Long, Huey Pierce, 1893-1935","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0873","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3687"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"creators_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"places_ssim":["Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts of Holt, Helen F., 1956-2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mining - Labor organization.","Education","Elections","Guffey Coal Act.","New Deal, 1933-1939","Politics and government.","Public utilities","Taxation","Unions.","United States - Social Security.","Social Security -- United States","Wheeler-Rayburn Holding Company Act","Isolationism -- United States -- History -- 20th Century","World War, 1939-1945","Politicians -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mining - Labor organization.","Education","Elections","Guffey Coal Act.","New Deal, 1933-1939","Politics and government.","Public utilities","Taxation","Unions.","United States - Social Security.","Social Security -- United States","Wheeler-Rayburn Holding Company Act","Isolationism -- United States -- History -- 20th Century","World War, 1939-1945","Politicians -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["156.21 Linear Feet 156 ft. 2 1/2 in. (360 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (14 document cases, 2 1/2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 1/2 in. each); (9 flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (\n44 photos in photograph filing cabinets)","11.7 Gigabytes 131 TIFF files, 2 PDF files"],"extent_tesim":["156.21 Linear Feet 156 ft. 2 1/2 in. (360 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (14 document cases, 2 1/2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 1/2 in. each); (9 flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (\n44 photos in photograph filing cabinets)","11.7 Gigabytes 131 TIFF files, 2 PDF files"],"date_range_isim":[1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp style=\"color: red;\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is one of five (see also A\u0026amp;M 1858, 4218, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026amp;M 873 and A\u0026amp;M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026amp;M 1858. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026amp;M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026amp;M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026amp;M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center.    \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 1858, 4218, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers.","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center.    "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRush Dew Holt was born in Weston, West Virginia, on June 19, 1905 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Chihela (Dew) Holt. From an early age, Holt displayed scholarly potential. By age three, he was able to read first-grade primers, and eventually became interested in numerous topics for which he was able to provide detailed statistics. Among these interests was politics, and by age six, Holt had decided he would become a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe potential displayed by Holt as a child continued into his school years. At age five, he began public education in the second grade, and he skipped grades on two more occasions. He attended Weston High School, and after graduating with honors at age fourteen, Holt applied to the University of Cincinnati; however, the register rejected the application because Holt, while academically qualified, was considered too young. Not one to admit defeat, a trait that would prove to be a lifelong characteristic, Holt turned to West Virginia University where he was accepted. As the youngest member of the freshman class, Holt found it difficult to obtain full acceptance as a college student, and his academic record reflected his apparent dissatisfaction. After two years at West Virginia University, Holt transferred to Salem College where the enrollment was smaller (approximately 300 students) and where he was able to live with his uncle, Professor Samuel Dew. It was at Salem College that Holt regained his self-confidence. His academic performance improved, and he maintained a B-plus average. In addition to academics, Holt excelled on the debate team. He was the editor-in-chief of the school paper, and he managed the tennis team.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1924, Holt received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and qualification to teach at secondary schools. Shortly after his graduation, he was hired to teach at Bedford High School in Virginia where he taught English and history in addition to serving as the school's athletic director. After one academic year, Holt returned to Weston, West Virginia, where he took a position at St. Patrick's High School as the athletic director. Holt also coached the basketball team with abundant success, leading the team to two national tournaments for Catholic schools. During this time, Holt also taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College, but his fascination with athletics persisted. In addition to coaching and occasional officiating, Holt also began writing about sports. Eventually, he began to contribute columns to daily West Virginia newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the late 1920s, Holt was attracted to the political environment, and he began to contribute to candidates who were friends of and/or who shared the views of his father. In the summer of 1928, Holt went one step further by announcing his candidacy as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates. Despite Lewis County having been predominately Republican, in addition to not having received significant party backing, Holt still obtained a higher-than-expected amount of support, losing his race by only 500 votes. Once again, however, Holt would not admit defeat. In 1930 Holt again announced his candidacy for the West Virginia House of Delegates. During the campaign, he visited locations all around Lewis County, spoke to anyone who would listen, and ensured that the grievances such as those concerning government cost, increased taxes, and the power of privately owned public utilities would all be addressed. As expected with any campaign, Holt received criticism, and those who opposed him likened the young politician to his father who they declared was a radical, a socialist, and an atheist. Despite the scornful claims, Holt, by a margin of 2,150 votes, was elected to his first public office as a Democrat to the West Virginia Legislature where he served from 1931-1935. During his years as a delegate, as promised during his campaign, Holt spoke out against corrupt practices such as government spending, an issue he addressed not even a week into the 1931 session. In addition to debating issues in the House, Holt also wrote to state supported universities, highway commissioners, and auditors in West Virginia and numerous other states to gather financial figures concerning spending, salaries, and taxes among others. Holt also began an investigation in 1931 to uncover rates, operating costs, and profits of privately and publically owned utility companies. All of these endeavors were only the first chapter in Holt's political career.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1934 he had gained the political support and the backing of union workers which was enough to defeat incumbent United States Senator Henry Hatfield. At age twenty-nine, Holt became the youngest person to win a United States Senate seat; however, there was immediate criticism. No sooner had the votes been tallied before a protest was filed concerning Holt's credentials: the fact that he had run for an office when he had not been of the required age. In addition to discontent within his own state, Holt also received overwhelming opposition in Washington, D.C. from Senate Republicans who threatened to object on the grounds of the constitutional age requirement. Despite the criticism, Holt's election was not overturned; however, he had to wait until he turned thirty, over five months after the Seventy-forth Congress had convened, before he could participate in senatorial proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJust as he had been active in the West Virginia Legislature, Holt did not hesitate to address both major and minor issues on Capitol Hill either. During his time in the Senate, Holt served on several committees including Education and Labor, Immigration, Mines and Mining, Naval Affairs, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He also served as a member of the United States delegation to the 1939 Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Holt had once been referred to as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's \"Golden Boy,\" such alliances and the policies that had formed them began to dissolve by 1936. He became estranged from fellow Democrat and West Virginian Senator Matthew Neely, and Holt ended his support for the United Mine Workers of America and the Works Progress Administration, the latter of which he claimed was corrupt. Eventually, Holt criticized the Roosevelt administration for its New Deal policies, he adamantly fought Roosevelt's attempt to alter the Supreme Court by changing the number of sitting justices from nine to twelve, and he spoke out against the proposition of allowing a presidential third term. Furthermore, as unrest began in Europe with Germany's invasion of Poland, Holt campaigned against any attempts by the administration to involve the United States in the War. The responses from constituents about Holt's actions were mixed; nevertheless, the young senator's sudden change led to his unsuccessful renomination attempt in 1940. Holt did not even make it past the primary election.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter his Senate term ended, Holt remained in Washington, D.C. and began to support himself as a lecturer and a writer of political issues, particularly neutrality for which he received the support of the America First Committee. It was also during this time that Holt met Helen Louise Froelich, a biology teacher at National Park College near Washington. They were married a year later and moved to West Virginia. The couple had two children: a daughter, Helen Jane Holt (born in 1945) and a son, Rush Dew Holt, Jr. (born in 1948). When Senator Holt's sister, Jane (Holt) Chase, died in 1952, the couple adopted her son, David. After the Holts returned to West Virginia in 1941, Holt stayed involved in politics by accepting speaking engagements. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the remainder of the 1940s, Holt ran several times for state offices with modest success. He was elected to the State House of Delegates in 1942 and was reelected in 1944 by write-in vote and 1946 without opposition. After a failed attempt to win the West Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1944 and the nomination for United States Senator in 1948, Holt changed political affiliation. Despite this, his lack of success to achieve positions beyond the House of Delegates continued. In 1950, he won the Republican nomination to represent West Virginia's Third District in the United States House of Representatives but lost in the general election, and in 1952 Holt came very close to winning the race for West Virginia governor as the Republican candidate but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes. Success returned in 1954 when Holt was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates by the voters of Lewis County, but he was unable to finish his term due to illness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHolt died on February 8, 1955 after a long, tough campaign against cancer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eChronological List of Events:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJune 19, 1905: born\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1920: graduated from high school\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1920-1922: attended West Virginia University\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1922-1924: attended Salem College, received a BA degree \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1924-1925: taught English and history and served as athletic director at Bedford High School in Virginia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1925-1928: served as athletic director and basketball coach at St. Patrick's High School (Catholic school) in Weston, West Virginia; taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College; and contributed sport columns to daily West Virginia newspapers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1928: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, lost by 500 votes \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1930: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, won by 2,150 votes, served from 1931-1935 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1934: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate and won despite being only twenty-nine years old\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1939: served as a member of the United States delegation to the Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1940: ran for renomination to the Senate, failed to win the primary election\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1941: married Helen Louise Froelich\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1942: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won, reelected in 1944, 1946, and 1948, served until 1950.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1944: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia gubernatorial nomination but was unsuccessful  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1945: birth of Helen Jane Holt\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948: birth of Rush Dew Holt, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate nomination but was unsuccessful \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948: switched political affiliation to the Republican Party \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1952: ran as the Republican candidate for West Virginia Governor but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1954: ran as a Republican for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 8, 1955: death \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSources:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCoffey, William Ellis. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRush Dew Holt: The Boy Senator.\u003c/emph\u003e Dissertation, West Virginia University, 1970. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0873, Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt was born in Weston, West Virginia, on June 19, 1905 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Chihela (Dew) Holt. From an early age, Holt displayed scholarly potential. By age three, he was able to read first-grade primers, and eventually became interested in numerous topics for which he was able to provide detailed statistics. Among these interests was politics, and by age six, Holt had decided he would become a Democrat.","The potential displayed by Holt as a child continued into his school years. At age five, he began public education in the second grade, and he skipped grades on two more occasions. He attended Weston High School, and after graduating with honors at age fourteen, Holt applied to the University of Cincinnati; however, the register rejected the application because Holt, while academically qualified, was considered too young. Not one to admit defeat, a trait that would prove to be a lifelong characteristic, Holt turned to West Virginia University where he was accepted. As the youngest member of the freshman class, Holt found it difficult to obtain full acceptance as a college student, and his academic record reflected his apparent dissatisfaction. After two years at West Virginia University, Holt transferred to Salem College where the enrollment was smaller (approximately 300 students) and where he was able to live with his uncle, Professor Samuel Dew. It was at Salem College that Holt regained his self-confidence. His academic performance improved, and he maintained a B-plus average. In addition to academics, Holt excelled on the debate team. He was the editor-in-chief of the school paper, and he managed the tennis team.","In 1924, Holt received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and qualification to teach at secondary schools. Shortly after his graduation, he was hired to teach at Bedford High School in Virginia where he taught English and history in addition to serving as the school's athletic director. After one academic year, Holt returned to Weston, West Virginia, where he took a position at St. Patrick's High School as the athletic director. Holt also coached the basketball team with abundant success, leading the team to two national tournaments for Catholic schools. During this time, Holt also taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College, but his fascination with athletics persisted. In addition to coaching and occasional officiating, Holt also began writing about sports. Eventually, he began to contribute columns to daily West Virginia newspapers.","By the late 1920s, Holt was attracted to the political environment, and he began to contribute to candidates who were friends of and/or who shared the views of his father. In the summer of 1928, Holt went one step further by announcing his candidacy as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates. Despite Lewis County having been predominately Republican, in addition to not having received significant party backing, Holt still obtained a higher-than-expected amount of support, losing his race by only 500 votes. Once again, however, Holt would not admit defeat. In 1930 Holt again announced his candidacy for the West Virginia House of Delegates. During the campaign, he visited locations all around Lewis County, spoke to anyone who would listen, and ensured that the grievances such as those concerning government cost, increased taxes, and the power of privately owned public utilities would all be addressed. As expected with any campaign, Holt received criticism, and those who opposed him likened the young politician to his father who they declared was a radical, a socialist, and an atheist. Despite the scornful claims, Holt, by a margin of 2,150 votes, was elected to his first public office as a Democrat to the West Virginia Legislature where he served from 1931-1935. During his years as a delegate, as promised during his campaign, Holt spoke out against corrupt practices such as government spending, an issue he addressed not even a week into the 1931 session. In addition to debating issues in the House, Holt also wrote to state supported universities, highway commissioners, and auditors in West Virginia and numerous other states to gather financial figures concerning spending, salaries, and taxes among others. Holt also began an investigation in 1931 to uncover rates, operating costs, and profits of privately and publically owned utility companies. All of these endeavors were only the first chapter in Holt's political career.","By 1934 he had gained the political support and the backing of union workers which was enough to defeat incumbent United States Senator Henry Hatfield. At age twenty-nine, Holt became the youngest person to win a United States Senate seat; however, there was immediate criticism. No sooner had the votes been tallied before a protest was filed concerning Holt's credentials: the fact that he had run for an office when he had not been of the required age. In addition to discontent within his own state, Holt also received overwhelming opposition in Washington, D.C. from Senate Republicans who threatened to object on the grounds of the constitutional age requirement. Despite the criticism, Holt's election was not overturned; however, he had to wait until he turned thirty, over five months after the Seventy-forth Congress had convened, before he could participate in senatorial proceedings.","Just as he had been active in the West Virginia Legislature, Holt did not hesitate to address both major and minor issues on Capitol Hill either. During his time in the Senate, Holt served on several committees including Education and Labor, Immigration, Mines and Mining, Naval Affairs, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He also served as a member of the United States delegation to the 1939 Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway.","Although Holt had once been referred to as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's \"Golden Boy,\" such alliances and the policies that had formed them began to dissolve by 1936. He became estranged from fellow Democrat and West Virginian Senator Matthew Neely, and Holt ended his support for the United Mine Workers of America and the Works Progress Administration, the latter of which he claimed was corrupt. Eventually, Holt criticized the Roosevelt administration for its New Deal policies, he adamantly fought Roosevelt's attempt to alter the Supreme Court by changing the number of sitting justices from nine to twelve, and he spoke out against the proposition of allowing a presidential third term. Furthermore, as unrest began in Europe with Germany's invasion of Poland, Holt campaigned against any attempts by the administration to involve the United States in the War. The responses from constituents about Holt's actions were mixed; nevertheless, the young senator's sudden change led to his unsuccessful renomination attempt in 1940. Holt did not even make it past the primary election.","After his Senate term ended, Holt remained in Washington, D.C. and began to support himself as a lecturer and a writer of political issues, particularly neutrality for which he received the support of the America First Committee. It was also during this time that Holt met Helen Louise Froelich, a biology teacher at National Park College near Washington. They were married a year later and moved to West Virginia. The couple had two children: a daughter, Helen Jane Holt (born in 1945) and a son, Rush Dew Holt, Jr. (born in 1948). When Senator Holt's sister, Jane (Holt) Chase, died in 1952, the couple adopted her son, David. After the Holts returned to West Virginia in 1941, Holt stayed involved in politics by accepting speaking engagements. ","During the remainder of the 1940s, Holt ran several times for state offices with modest success. He was elected to the State House of Delegates in 1942 and was reelected in 1944 by write-in vote and 1946 without opposition. After a failed attempt to win the West Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1944 and the nomination for United States Senator in 1948, Holt changed political affiliation. Despite this, his lack of success to achieve positions beyond the House of Delegates continued. In 1950, he won the Republican nomination to represent West Virginia's Third District in the United States House of Representatives but lost in the general election, and in 1952 Holt came very close to winning the race for West Virginia governor as the Republican candidate but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes. Success returned in 1954 when Holt was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates by the voters of Lewis County, but he was unable to finish his term due to illness.","Holt died on February 8, 1955 after a long, tough campaign against cancer.","Chronological List of Events:","June 19, 1905: born","1920: graduated from high school","1920-1922: attended West Virginia University","1922-1924: attended Salem College, received a BA degree ","1924-1925: taught English and history and served as athletic director at Bedford High School in Virginia","1925-1928: served as athletic director and basketball coach at St. Patrick's High School (Catholic school) in Weston, West Virginia; taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College; and contributed sport columns to daily West Virginia newspapers","1928: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, lost by 500 votes ","1930: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, won by 2,150 votes, served from 1931-1935 ","1934: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate and won despite being only twenty-nine years old","1939: served as a member of the United States delegation to the Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway","1940: ran for renomination to the Senate, failed to win the primary election","1941: married Helen Louise Froelich","1942: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won, reelected in 1944, 1946, and 1948, served until 1950.","1944: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia gubernatorial nomination but was unsuccessful  ","1945: birth of Helen Jane Holt","1948: birth of Rush Dew Holt, Jr.","1948: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate nomination but was unsuccessful ","1948: switched political affiliation to the Republican Party ","1952: ran as the Republican candidate for West Virginia Governor but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes","1954: ran as a Republican for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won","February 8, 1955: death ","Sources:","Coffey, William Ellis.  Rush Dew Holt: The Boy Senator.  Dissertation, West Virginia University, 1970. ","A\u0026M 0873, Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.  "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0873, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, A\u0026M 0873, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4218, 4386\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4218, 4386"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated) includes correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; and material from college courses, among other material that represents Rush Holt's personal life and political career; and ephemera collected by Rush Holt. Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated) includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt. Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated) includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity. Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated) includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents providing political opinions to Holt or requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated) includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media. Administrative Files (1937-1940) includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into six series as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Personal and Political Papers; 1840-2000 and undated (bulk 1918-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes material related to Rush Holt's personal, family, and political life. Additional material related to his work in politics can be found in Series 3 through 6. Types of material include correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; material from college courses; bills for recordings, radio station receipts, and election expenditures; typescripts, newsletters, manuscripts, and photocopies of material written by Rush Holt; publications to which Rush Holt subscribed and collected; photographs that represent Rush Holt's personal life and political career; ephemera collected by Rush Holt; and election results collected by Rush Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Artifacts; 1939-1952 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Legislative Records; 1920-1955 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Constituent Services; 1923-1954 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. In some cases, this series also includes typescript responses, many of which are generic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Press and Media Activity; 1925-2003 and undated (bulk 1925-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media.    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6. Administrative Files; 1937-1940\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.   \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated) includes correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; and material from college courses, among other material that represents Rush Holt's personal life and political career; and ephemera collected by Rush Holt. Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated) includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt. Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated) includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity. Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated) includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents providing political opinions to Holt or requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated) includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media. Administrative Files (1937-1940) includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.","The collection is divided into six series as follows:","Series 1. Personal and Political Papers; 1840-2000 and undated (bulk 1918-1955)","Includes material related to Rush Holt's personal, family, and political life. Additional material related to his work in politics can be found in Series 3 through 6. Types of material include correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; material from college courses; bills for recordings, radio station receipts, and election expenditures; typescripts, newsletters, manuscripts, and photocopies of material written by Rush Holt; publications to which Rush Holt subscribed and collected; photographs that represent Rush Holt's personal life and political career; ephemera collected by Rush Holt; and election results collected by Rush Holt.","Series 2. Artifacts; 1939-1952 and undated","Includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt.","Series 3. Legislative Records; 1920-1955 and undated","Includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity.","Series 4. Constituent Services; 1923-1954 and undated","Includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. In some cases, this series also includes typescript responses, many of which are generic.","Series 5. Press and Media Activity; 1925-2003 and undated (bulk 1925-1955)","Includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media.    ","Series 6. Administrative Files; 1937-1940","Includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.   "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEphemeral items not specific to Rush Dew Holt were moved to the Printed Ephemera Collection. Several local basketball scorecards were moved to A\u0026amp;M 4216, the Annual West Virginia State High School Basketball Tournament Programs collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e17 reels of undated sound recordings, chiefly relating to the political career of Rush Dew Holt, were separated to the oral history collection, C432 R699-R715 (17 tapes). These tapes include some personal material as well.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Ephemeral items not specific to Rush Dew Holt were moved to the Printed Ephemera Collection. Several local basketball scorecards were moved to A\u0026M 4216, the Annual West Virginia State High School Basketball Tournament Programs collection.","17 reels of undated sound recordings, chiefly relating to the political career of Rush Dew Holt, were separated to the oral history collection, C432 R699-R715 (17 tapes). These tapes include some personal material as well."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f7aca18f594cb9e240c48f7fdefc04e\"\u003ePapers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated), Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated), Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated), Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated), Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated), and Administrative Files (1937-1940).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated), Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated), Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated), Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated), Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated), and Administrative Files (1937-1940)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c13cef4864374dc7a447894b02986413\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["America First Committee","American Federation of Labor","Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)","United States. National Bituminous Coal Commission","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Progressive Mine Workers of America","United Mine Workers of America","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States. Supreme Court","United States. Congress. Senate","West Virginia. Legislature","United States. Works Progress Administration","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Weston State Hospital","Bittner, Van A. (Van Amberg), 1885-1949","Black, Hugo LaFayette, 1886-1971","Coughlin, Charles E.","Edmiston, Andrew.","Farley, James A. (James Aloysius), 1888-1976","Green, William.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Hopkins, Harry L. (Harry Lloyd), 1890-1946","Ickes, Harold L. (Harold LeClair), 1874-1952","Kump, Herman Guy, 1877-1962","La Follette, Robert M. (Robert Marion), 1855-1925","Neely, Matthew Mansfield, 1874-1958","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Long, Huey Pierce, 1893-1935"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","America First Committee","American Federation of Labor","Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)","United States. National Bituminous Coal Commission","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Progressive Mine Workers of America","United Mine Workers of America","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States. Supreme Court","United States. Congress. Senate","West Virginia. Legislature","United States. Works Progress Administration","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Weston State Hospital","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Bittner, Van A. (Van Amberg), 1885-1949","Black, Hugo LaFayette, 1886-1971","Coughlin, Charles E.","Edmiston, Andrew.","Farley, James A. (James Aloysius), 1888-1976","Green, William.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Hopkins, Harry L. (Harry Lloyd), 1890-1946","Ickes, Harold L. (Harold LeClair), 1874-1952","Kump, Herman Guy, 1877-1962","La Follette, Robert M. (Robert Marion), 1855-1925","Neely, Matthew Mansfield, 1874-1958","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Long, Huey Pierce, 1893-1935"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","America First Committee","American Federation of Labor","Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)","United States. National Bituminous Coal Commission","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Progressive Mine Workers of America","United Mine Workers of America","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States. Supreme Court","United States. Congress. Senate","West Virginia. Legislature","United States. Works Progress Administration","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Weston State Hospital"],"persname_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Bittner, Van A. (Van Amberg), 1885-1949","Black, Hugo LaFayette, 1886-1971","Coughlin, Charles E.","Edmiston, Andrew.","Farley, James A. (James Aloysius), 1888-1976","Green, William.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Hopkins, Harry L. (Harry Lloyd), 1890-1946","Ickes, Harold L. (Harold LeClair), 1874-1952","Kump, Herman Guy, 1877-1962","La Follette, Robert M. (Robert Marion), 1855-1925","Neely, Matthew Mansfield, 1874-1958","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Long, Huey Pierce, 1893-1935"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":938,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:15:13.029Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3687","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3687.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/208740","title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1840-2003","1918-1955"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1918-1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1840-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0873","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3687"],"text":["A\u0026M 0873","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3687","Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers","Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Coal mining - Labor organization.","Education","Elections","Guffey Coal Act.","New Deal, 1933-1939","Politics and government.","Public utilities","Taxation","Unions.","United States - Social Security.","Social Security -- United States","Wheeler-Rayburn Holding Company Act","Isolationism -- United States -- History -- 20th Century","World War, 1939-1945","Politicians -- United States","No special access restriction applies.","This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 1858, 4218, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers.","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center.    ","Rush Dew Holt was born in Weston, West Virginia, on June 19, 1905 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Chihela (Dew) Holt. From an early age, Holt displayed scholarly potential. By age three, he was able to read first-grade primers, and eventually became interested in numerous topics for which he was able to provide detailed statistics. Among these interests was politics, and by age six, Holt had decided he would become a Democrat.","The potential displayed by Holt as a child continued into his school years. At age five, he began public education in the second grade, and he skipped grades on two more occasions. He attended Weston High School, and after graduating with honors at age fourteen, Holt applied to the University of Cincinnati; however, the register rejected the application because Holt, while academically qualified, was considered too young. Not one to admit defeat, a trait that would prove to be a lifelong characteristic, Holt turned to West Virginia University where he was accepted. As the youngest member of the freshman class, Holt found it difficult to obtain full acceptance as a college student, and his academic record reflected his apparent dissatisfaction. After two years at West Virginia University, Holt transferred to Salem College where the enrollment was smaller (approximately 300 students) and where he was able to live with his uncle, Professor Samuel Dew. It was at Salem College that Holt regained his self-confidence. His academic performance improved, and he maintained a B-plus average. In addition to academics, Holt excelled on the debate team. He was the editor-in-chief of the school paper, and he managed the tennis team.","In 1924, Holt received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and qualification to teach at secondary schools. Shortly after his graduation, he was hired to teach at Bedford High School in Virginia where he taught English and history in addition to serving as the school's athletic director. After one academic year, Holt returned to Weston, West Virginia, where he took a position at St. Patrick's High School as the athletic director. Holt also coached the basketball team with abundant success, leading the team to two national tournaments for Catholic schools. During this time, Holt also taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College, but his fascination with athletics persisted. In addition to coaching and occasional officiating, Holt also began writing about sports. Eventually, he began to contribute columns to daily West Virginia newspapers.","By the late 1920s, Holt was attracted to the political environment, and he began to contribute to candidates who were friends of and/or who shared the views of his father. In the summer of 1928, Holt went one step further by announcing his candidacy as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates. Despite Lewis County having been predominately Republican, in addition to not having received significant party backing, Holt still obtained a higher-than-expected amount of support, losing his race by only 500 votes. Once again, however, Holt would not admit defeat. In 1930 Holt again announced his candidacy for the West Virginia House of Delegates. During the campaign, he visited locations all around Lewis County, spoke to anyone who would listen, and ensured that the grievances such as those concerning government cost, increased taxes, and the power of privately owned public utilities would all be addressed. As expected with any campaign, Holt received criticism, and those who opposed him likened the young politician to his father who they declared was a radical, a socialist, and an atheist. Despite the scornful claims, Holt, by a margin of 2,150 votes, was elected to his first public office as a Democrat to the West Virginia Legislature where he served from 1931-1935. During his years as a delegate, as promised during his campaign, Holt spoke out against corrupt practices such as government spending, an issue he addressed not even a week into the 1931 session. In addition to debating issues in the House, Holt also wrote to state supported universities, highway commissioners, and auditors in West Virginia and numerous other states to gather financial figures concerning spending, salaries, and taxes among others. Holt also began an investigation in 1931 to uncover rates, operating costs, and profits of privately and publically owned utility companies. All of these endeavors were only the first chapter in Holt's political career.","By 1934 he had gained the political support and the backing of union workers which was enough to defeat incumbent United States Senator Henry Hatfield. At age twenty-nine, Holt became the youngest person to win a United States Senate seat; however, there was immediate criticism. No sooner had the votes been tallied before a protest was filed concerning Holt's credentials: the fact that he had run for an office when he had not been of the required age. In addition to discontent within his own state, Holt also received overwhelming opposition in Washington, D.C. from Senate Republicans who threatened to object on the grounds of the constitutional age requirement. Despite the criticism, Holt's election was not overturned; however, he had to wait until he turned thirty, over five months after the Seventy-forth Congress had convened, before he could participate in senatorial proceedings.","Just as he had been active in the West Virginia Legislature, Holt did not hesitate to address both major and minor issues on Capitol Hill either. During his time in the Senate, Holt served on several committees including Education and Labor, Immigration, Mines and Mining, Naval Affairs, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He also served as a member of the United States delegation to the 1939 Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway.","Although Holt had once been referred to as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's \"Golden Boy,\" such alliances and the policies that had formed them began to dissolve by 1936. He became estranged from fellow Democrat and West Virginian Senator Matthew Neely, and Holt ended his support for the United Mine Workers of America and the Works Progress Administration, the latter of which he claimed was corrupt. Eventually, Holt criticized the Roosevelt administration for its New Deal policies, he adamantly fought Roosevelt's attempt to alter the Supreme Court by changing the number of sitting justices from nine to twelve, and he spoke out against the proposition of allowing a presidential third term. Furthermore, as unrest began in Europe with Germany's invasion of Poland, Holt campaigned against any attempts by the administration to involve the United States in the War. The responses from constituents about Holt's actions were mixed; nevertheless, the young senator's sudden change led to his unsuccessful renomination attempt in 1940. Holt did not even make it past the primary election.","After his Senate term ended, Holt remained in Washington, D.C. and began to support himself as a lecturer and a writer of political issues, particularly neutrality for which he received the support of the America First Committee. It was also during this time that Holt met Helen Louise Froelich, a biology teacher at National Park College near Washington. They were married a year later and moved to West Virginia. The couple had two children: a daughter, Helen Jane Holt (born in 1945) and a son, Rush Dew Holt, Jr. (born in 1948). When Senator Holt's sister, Jane (Holt) Chase, died in 1952, the couple adopted her son, David. After the Holts returned to West Virginia in 1941, Holt stayed involved in politics by accepting speaking engagements. ","During the remainder of the 1940s, Holt ran several times for state offices with modest success. He was elected to the State House of Delegates in 1942 and was reelected in 1944 by write-in vote and 1946 without opposition. After a failed attempt to win the West Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1944 and the nomination for United States Senator in 1948, Holt changed political affiliation. Despite this, his lack of success to achieve positions beyond the House of Delegates continued. In 1950, he won the Republican nomination to represent West Virginia's Third District in the United States House of Representatives but lost in the general election, and in 1952 Holt came very close to winning the race for West Virginia governor as the Republican candidate but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes. Success returned in 1954 when Holt was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates by the voters of Lewis County, but he was unable to finish his term due to illness.","Holt died on February 8, 1955 after a long, tough campaign against cancer.","Chronological List of Events:","June 19, 1905: born","1920: graduated from high school","1920-1922: attended West Virginia University","1922-1924: attended Salem College, received a BA degree ","1924-1925: taught English and history and served as athletic director at Bedford High School in Virginia","1925-1928: served as athletic director and basketball coach at St. Patrick's High School (Catholic school) in Weston, West Virginia; taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College; and contributed sport columns to daily West Virginia newspapers","1928: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, lost by 500 votes ","1930: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, won by 2,150 votes, served from 1931-1935 ","1934: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate and won despite being only twenty-nine years old","1939: served as a member of the United States delegation to the Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway","1940: ran for renomination to the Senate, failed to win the primary election","1941: married Helen Louise Froelich","1942: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won, reelected in 1944, 1946, and 1948, served until 1950.","1944: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia gubernatorial nomination but was unsuccessful  ","1945: birth of Helen Jane Holt","1948: birth of Rush Dew Holt, Jr.","1948: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate nomination but was unsuccessful ","1948: switched political affiliation to the Republican Party ","1952: ran as the Republican candidate for West Virginia Governor but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes","1954: ran as a Republican for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won","February 8, 1955: death ","Sources:","Coffey, William Ellis.  Rush Dew Holt: The Boy Senator.  Dissertation, West Virginia University, 1970. ","A\u0026M 0873, Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.  ","1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4218, 4386","Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated) includes correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; and material from college courses, among other material that represents Rush Holt's personal life and political career; and ephemera collected by Rush Holt. Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated) includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt. Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated) includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity. Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated) includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents providing political opinions to Holt or requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated) includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media. Administrative Files (1937-1940) includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.","The collection is divided into six series as follows:","Series 1. Personal and Political Papers; 1840-2000 and undated (bulk 1918-1955)","Includes material related to Rush Holt's personal, family, and political life. Additional material related to his work in politics can be found in Series 3 through 6. Types of material include correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; material from college courses; bills for recordings, radio station receipts, and election expenditures; typescripts, newsletters, manuscripts, and photocopies of material written by Rush Holt; publications to which Rush Holt subscribed and collected; photographs that represent Rush Holt's personal life and political career; ephemera collected by Rush Holt; and election results collected by Rush Holt.","Series 2. Artifacts; 1939-1952 and undated","Includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt.","Series 3. Legislative Records; 1920-1955 and undated","Includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity.","Series 4. Constituent Services; 1923-1954 and undated","Includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. In some cases, this series also includes typescript responses, many of which are generic.","Series 5. Press and Media Activity; 1925-2003 and undated (bulk 1925-1955)","Includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media.    ","Series 6. Administrative Files; 1937-1940","Includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.   ","Ephemeral items not specific to Rush Dew Holt were moved to the Printed Ephemera Collection. Several local basketball scorecards were moved to A\u0026M 4216, the Annual West Virginia State High School Basketball Tournament Programs collection.","17 reels of undated sound recordings, chiefly relating to the political career of Rush Dew Holt, were separated to the oral history collection, C432 R699-R715 (17 tapes). These tapes include some personal material as well.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated), Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated), Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated), Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated), Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated), and Administrative Files (1937-1940).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","America First Committee","American Federation of Labor","Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)","United States. National Bituminous Coal Commission","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Progressive Mine Workers of America","United Mine Workers of America","United States. National Recovery Administration","United States. Supreme Court","United States. Congress. Senate","West Virginia. Legislature","United States. Works Progress Administration","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Weston State Hospital","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Bittner, Van A. (Van Amberg), 1885-1949","Black, Hugo LaFayette, 1886-1971","Coughlin, Charles E.","Edmiston, Andrew.","Farley, James A. (James Aloysius), 1888-1976","Green, William.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Hopkins, Harry L. (Harry Lloyd), 1890-1946","Ickes, Harold L. (Harold LeClair), 1874-1952","Kump, Herman Guy, 1877-1962","La Follette, Robert M. (Robert Marion), 1855-1925","Neely, Matthew Mansfield, 1874-1958","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Long, Huey Pierce, 1893-1935","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0873","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3687"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"creators_ssim":["Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955"],"places_ssim":["Lewis County.","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts of Holt, Helen F., 1956-2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mining - Labor organization.","Education","Elections","Guffey Coal Act.","New Deal, 1933-1939","Politics and government.","Public utilities","Taxation","Unions.","United States - Social Security.","Social Security -- United States","Wheeler-Rayburn Holding Company Act","Isolationism -- United States -- History -- 20th Century","World War, 1939-1945","Politicians -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mining - Labor organization.","Education","Elections","Guffey Coal Act.","New Deal, 1933-1939","Politics and government.","Public utilities","Taxation","Unions.","United States - Social Security.","Social Security -- United States","Wheeler-Rayburn Holding Company Act","Isolationism -- United States -- History -- 20th Century","World War, 1939-1945","Politicians -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["156.21 Linear Feet 156 ft. 2 1/2 in. (360 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (14 document cases, 2 1/2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 1/2 in. each); (9 flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (\n44 photos in photograph filing cabinets)","11.7 Gigabytes 131 TIFF files, 2 PDF files"],"extent_tesim":["156.21 Linear Feet 156 ft. 2 1/2 in. (360 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (14 document cases, 2 1/2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 1/2 in. each); (9 flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (\n44 photos in photograph filing cabinets)","11.7 Gigabytes 131 TIFF files, 2 PDF files"],"date_range_isim":[1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp style=\"color: red;\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is one of five (see also A\u0026amp;M 1858, 4218, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026amp;M 873 and A\u0026amp;M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026amp;M 1858. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026amp;M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026amp;M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026amp;M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center.    \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 1858, 4218, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers.","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center.    "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRush Dew Holt was born in Weston, West Virginia, on June 19, 1905 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Chihela (Dew) Holt. From an early age, Holt displayed scholarly potential. By age three, he was able to read first-grade primers, and eventually became interested in numerous topics for which he was able to provide detailed statistics. Among these interests was politics, and by age six, Holt had decided he would become a Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe potential displayed by Holt as a child continued into his school years. At age five, he began public education in the second grade, and he skipped grades on two more occasions. He attended Weston High School, and after graduating with honors at age fourteen, Holt applied to the University of Cincinnati; however, the register rejected the application because Holt, while academically qualified, was considered too young. Not one to admit defeat, a trait that would prove to be a lifelong characteristic, Holt turned to West Virginia University where he was accepted. As the youngest member of the freshman class, Holt found it difficult to obtain full acceptance as a college student, and his academic record reflected his apparent dissatisfaction. After two years at West Virginia University, Holt transferred to Salem College where the enrollment was smaller (approximately 300 students) and where he was able to live with his uncle, Professor Samuel Dew. It was at Salem College that Holt regained his self-confidence. His academic performance improved, and he maintained a B-plus average. In addition to academics, Holt excelled on the debate team. He was the editor-in-chief of the school paper, and he managed the tennis team.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1924, Holt received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and qualification to teach at secondary schools. Shortly after his graduation, he was hired to teach at Bedford High School in Virginia where he taught English and history in addition to serving as the school's athletic director. After one academic year, Holt returned to Weston, West Virginia, where he took a position at St. Patrick's High School as the athletic director. Holt also coached the basketball team with abundant success, leading the team to two national tournaments for Catholic schools. During this time, Holt also taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College, but his fascination with athletics persisted. In addition to coaching and occasional officiating, Holt also began writing about sports. Eventually, he began to contribute columns to daily West Virginia newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the late 1920s, Holt was attracted to the political environment, and he began to contribute to candidates who were friends of and/or who shared the views of his father. In the summer of 1928, Holt went one step further by announcing his candidacy as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates. Despite Lewis County having been predominately Republican, in addition to not having received significant party backing, Holt still obtained a higher-than-expected amount of support, losing his race by only 500 votes. Once again, however, Holt would not admit defeat. In 1930 Holt again announced his candidacy for the West Virginia House of Delegates. During the campaign, he visited locations all around Lewis County, spoke to anyone who would listen, and ensured that the grievances such as those concerning government cost, increased taxes, and the power of privately owned public utilities would all be addressed. As expected with any campaign, Holt received criticism, and those who opposed him likened the young politician to his father who they declared was a radical, a socialist, and an atheist. Despite the scornful claims, Holt, by a margin of 2,150 votes, was elected to his first public office as a Democrat to the West Virginia Legislature where he served from 1931-1935. During his years as a delegate, as promised during his campaign, Holt spoke out against corrupt practices such as government spending, an issue he addressed not even a week into the 1931 session. In addition to debating issues in the House, Holt also wrote to state supported universities, highway commissioners, and auditors in West Virginia and numerous other states to gather financial figures concerning spending, salaries, and taxes among others. Holt also began an investigation in 1931 to uncover rates, operating costs, and profits of privately and publically owned utility companies. All of these endeavors were only the first chapter in Holt's political career.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1934 he had gained the political support and the backing of union workers which was enough to defeat incumbent United States Senator Henry Hatfield. At age twenty-nine, Holt became the youngest person to win a United States Senate seat; however, there was immediate criticism. No sooner had the votes been tallied before a protest was filed concerning Holt's credentials: the fact that he had run for an office when he had not been of the required age. In addition to discontent within his own state, Holt also received overwhelming opposition in Washington, D.C. from Senate Republicans who threatened to object on the grounds of the constitutional age requirement. Despite the criticism, Holt's election was not overturned; however, he had to wait until he turned thirty, over five months after the Seventy-forth Congress had convened, before he could participate in senatorial proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJust as he had been active in the West Virginia Legislature, Holt did not hesitate to address both major and minor issues on Capitol Hill either. During his time in the Senate, Holt served on several committees including Education and Labor, Immigration, Mines and Mining, Naval Affairs, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He also served as a member of the United States delegation to the 1939 Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Holt had once been referred to as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's \"Golden Boy,\" such alliances and the policies that had formed them began to dissolve by 1936. He became estranged from fellow Democrat and West Virginian Senator Matthew Neely, and Holt ended his support for the United Mine Workers of America and the Works Progress Administration, the latter of which he claimed was corrupt. Eventually, Holt criticized the Roosevelt administration for its New Deal policies, he adamantly fought Roosevelt's attempt to alter the Supreme Court by changing the number of sitting justices from nine to twelve, and he spoke out against the proposition of allowing a presidential third term. Furthermore, as unrest began in Europe with Germany's invasion of Poland, Holt campaigned against any attempts by the administration to involve the United States in the War. The responses from constituents about Holt's actions were mixed; nevertheless, the young senator's sudden change led to his unsuccessful renomination attempt in 1940. Holt did not even make it past the primary election.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter his Senate term ended, Holt remained in Washington, D.C. and began to support himself as a lecturer and a writer of political issues, particularly neutrality for which he received the support of the America First Committee. It was also during this time that Holt met Helen Louise Froelich, a biology teacher at National Park College near Washington. They were married a year later and moved to West Virginia. The couple had two children: a daughter, Helen Jane Holt (born in 1945) and a son, Rush Dew Holt, Jr. (born in 1948). When Senator Holt's sister, Jane (Holt) Chase, died in 1952, the couple adopted her son, David. After the Holts returned to West Virginia in 1941, Holt stayed involved in politics by accepting speaking engagements. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the remainder of the 1940s, Holt ran several times for state offices with modest success. He was elected to the State House of Delegates in 1942 and was reelected in 1944 by write-in vote and 1946 without opposition. After a failed attempt to win the West Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1944 and the nomination for United States Senator in 1948, Holt changed political affiliation. Despite this, his lack of success to achieve positions beyond the House of Delegates continued. In 1950, he won the Republican nomination to represent West Virginia's Third District in the United States House of Representatives but lost in the general election, and in 1952 Holt came very close to winning the race for West Virginia governor as the Republican candidate but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes. Success returned in 1954 when Holt was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates by the voters of Lewis County, but he was unable to finish his term due to illness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHolt died on February 8, 1955 after a long, tough campaign against cancer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eChronological List of Events:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJune 19, 1905: born\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1920: graduated from high school\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1920-1922: attended West Virginia University\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1922-1924: attended Salem College, received a BA degree \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1924-1925: taught English and history and served as athletic director at Bedford High School in Virginia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1925-1928: served as athletic director and basketball coach at St. Patrick's High School (Catholic school) in Weston, West Virginia; taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College; and contributed sport columns to daily West Virginia newspapers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1928: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, lost by 500 votes \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1930: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, won by 2,150 votes, served from 1931-1935 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1934: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate and won despite being only twenty-nine years old\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1939: served as a member of the United States delegation to the Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1940: ran for renomination to the Senate, failed to win the primary election\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1941: married Helen Louise Froelich\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1942: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won, reelected in 1944, 1946, and 1948, served until 1950.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1944: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia gubernatorial nomination but was unsuccessful  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1945: birth of Helen Jane Holt\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948: birth of Rush Dew Holt, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate nomination but was unsuccessful \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948: switched political affiliation to the Republican Party \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1952: ran as the Republican candidate for West Virginia Governor but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1954: ran as a Republican for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 8, 1955: death \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSources:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCoffey, William Ellis. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRush Dew Holt: The Boy Senator.\u003c/emph\u003e Dissertation, West Virginia University, 1970. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0873, Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt was born in Weston, West Virginia, on June 19, 1905 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Chihela (Dew) Holt. From an early age, Holt displayed scholarly potential. By age three, he was able to read first-grade primers, and eventually became interested in numerous topics for which he was able to provide detailed statistics. Among these interests was politics, and by age six, Holt had decided he would become a Democrat.","The potential displayed by Holt as a child continued into his school years. At age five, he began public education in the second grade, and he skipped grades on two more occasions. He attended Weston High School, and after graduating with honors at age fourteen, Holt applied to the University of Cincinnati; however, the register rejected the application because Holt, while academically qualified, was considered too young. Not one to admit defeat, a trait that would prove to be a lifelong characteristic, Holt turned to West Virginia University where he was accepted. As the youngest member of the freshman class, Holt found it difficult to obtain full acceptance as a college student, and his academic record reflected his apparent dissatisfaction. After two years at West Virginia University, Holt transferred to Salem College where the enrollment was smaller (approximately 300 students) and where he was able to live with his uncle, Professor Samuel Dew. It was at Salem College that Holt regained his self-confidence. His academic performance improved, and he maintained a B-plus average. In addition to academics, Holt excelled on the debate team. He was the editor-in-chief of the school paper, and he managed the tennis team.","In 1924, Holt received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and qualification to teach at secondary schools. Shortly after his graduation, he was hired to teach at Bedford High School in Virginia where he taught English and history in addition to serving as the school's athletic director. After one academic year, Holt returned to Weston, West Virginia, where he took a position at St. Patrick's High School as the athletic director. Holt also coached the basketball team with abundant success, leading the team to two national tournaments for Catholic schools. During this time, Holt also taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College, but his fascination with athletics persisted. In addition to coaching and occasional officiating, Holt also began writing about sports. Eventually, he began to contribute columns to daily West Virginia newspapers.","By the late 1920s, Holt was attracted to the political environment, and he began to contribute to candidates who were friends of and/or who shared the views of his father. In the summer of 1928, Holt went one step further by announcing his candidacy as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates. Despite Lewis County having been predominately Republican, in addition to not having received significant party backing, Holt still obtained a higher-than-expected amount of support, losing his race by only 500 votes. Once again, however, Holt would not admit defeat. In 1930 Holt again announced his candidacy for the West Virginia House of Delegates. During the campaign, he visited locations all around Lewis County, spoke to anyone who would listen, and ensured that the grievances such as those concerning government cost, increased taxes, and the power of privately owned public utilities would all be addressed. As expected with any campaign, Holt received criticism, and those who opposed him likened the young politician to his father who they declared was a radical, a socialist, and an atheist. Despite the scornful claims, Holt, by a margin of 2,150 votes, was elected to his first public office as a Democrat to the West Virginia Legislature where he served from 1931-1935. During his years as a delegate, as promised during his campaign, Holt spoke out against corrupt practices such as government spending, an issue he addressed not even a week into the 1931 session. In addition to debating issues in the House, Holt also wrote to state supported universities, highway commissioners, and auditors in West Virginia and numerous other states to gather financial figures concerning spending, salaries, and taxes among others. Holt also began an investigation in 1931 to uncover rates, operating costs, and profits of privately and publically owned utility companies. All of these endeavors were only the first chapter in Holt's political career.","By 1934 he had gained the political support and the backing of union workers which was enough to defeat incumbent United States Senator Henry Hatfield. At age twenty-nine, Holt became the youngest person to win a United States Senate seat; however, there was immediate criticism. No sooner had the votes been tallied before a protest was filed concerning Holt's credentials: the fact that he had run for an office when he had not been of the required age. In addition to discontent within his own state, Holt also received overwhelming opposition in Washington, D.C. from Senate Republicans who threatened to object on the grounds of the constitutional age requirement. Despite the criticism, Holt's election was not overturned; however, he had to wait until he turned thirty, over five months after the Seventy-forth Congress had convened, before he could participate in senatorial proceedings.","Just as he had been active in the West Virginia Legislature, Holt did not hesitate to address both major and minor issues on Capitol Hill either. During his time in the Senate, Holt served on several committees including Education and Labor, Immigration, Mines and Mining, Naval Affairs, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He also served as a member of the United States delegation to the 1939 Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway.","Although Holt had once been referred to as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's \"Golden Boy,\" such alliances and the policies that had formed them began to dissolve by 1936. He became estranged from fellow Democrat and West Virginian Senator Matthew Neely, and Holt ended his support for the United Mine Workers of America and the Works Progress Administration, the latter of which he claimed was corrupt. Eventually, Holt criticized the Roosevelt administration for its New Deal policies, he adamantly fought Roosevelt's attempt to alter the Supreme Court by changing the number of sitting justices from nine to twelve, and he spoke out against the proposition of allowing a presidential third term. Furthermore, as unrest began in Europe with Germany's invasion of Poland, Holt campaigned against any attempts by the administration to involve the United States in the War. The responses from constituents about Holt's actions were mixed; nevertheless, the young senator's sudden change led to his unsuccessful renomination attempt in 1940. Holt did not even make it past the primary election.","After his Senate term ended, Holt remained in Washington, D.C. and began to support himself as a lecturer and a writer of political issues, particularly neutrality for which he received the support of the America First Committee. It was also during this time that Holt met Helen Louise Froelich, a biology teacher at National Park College near Washington. They were married a year later and moved to West Virginia. The couple had two children: a daughter, Helen Jane Holt (born in 1945) and a son, Rush Dew Holt, Jr. (born in 1948). When Senator Holt's sister, Jane (Holt) Chase, died in 1952, the couple adopted her son, David. After the Holts returned to West Virginia in 1941, Holt stayed involved in politics by accepting speaking engagements. ","During the remainder of the 1940s, Holt ran several times for state offices with modest success. He was elected to the State House of Delegates in 1942 and was reelected in 1944 by write-in vote and 1946 without opposition. After a failed attempt to win the West Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1944 and the nomination for United States Senator in 1948, Holt changed political affiliation. Despite this, his lack of success to achieve positions beyond the House of Delegates continued. In 1950, he won the Republican nomination to represent West Virginia's Third District in the United States House of Representatives but lost in the general election, and in 1952 Holt came very close to winning the race for West Virginia governor as the Republican candidate but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes. Success returned in 1954 when Holt was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates by the voters of Lewis County, but he was unable to finish his term due to illness.","Holt died on February 8, 1955 after a long, tough campaign against cancer.","Chronological List of Events:","June 19, 1905: born","1920: graduated from high school","1920-1922: attended West Virginia University","1922-1924: attended Salem College, received a BA degree ","1924-1925: taught English and history and served as athletic director at Bedford High School in Virginia","1925-1928: served as athletic director and basketball coach at St. Patrick's High School (Catholic school) in Weston, West Virginia; taught history as a part-time instructor at Glenville Normal School and Salem College; and contributed sport columns to daily West Virginia newspapers","1928: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, lost by 500 votes ","1930: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates, won by 2,150 votes, served from 1931-1935 ","1934: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate and won despite being only twenty-nine years old","1939: served as a member of the United States delegation to the Interparliamentary Conference in Oslo, Norway","1940: ran for renomination to the Senate, failed to win the primary election","1941: married Helen Louise Froelich","1942: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won, reelected in 1944, 1946, and 1948, served until 1950.","1944: ran as a Democrat for the West Virginia gubernatorial nomination but was unsuccessful  ","1945: birth of Helen Jane Holt","1948: birth of Rush Dew Holt, Jr.","1948: ran as a Democrat for the United States Senate nomination but was unsuccessful ","1948: switched political affiliation to the Republican Party ","1952: ran as the Republican candidate for West Virginia Governor but lost to William Marland by fewer than 30,000 votes","1954: ran as a Republican for the West Virginia House of Delegates and won","February 8, 1955: death ","Sources:","Coffey, William Ellis.  Rush Dew Holt: The Boy Senator.  Dissertation, West Virginia University, 1970. ","A\u0026M 0873, Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.  "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0873, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers, A\u0026M 0873, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4218, 4386\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4218, 4386"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated) includes correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; and material from college courses, among other material that represents Rush Holt's personal life and political career; and ephemera collected by Rush Holt. Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated) includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt. Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated) includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity. Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated) includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents providing political opinions to Holt or requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated) includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media. Administrative Files (1937-1940) includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into six series as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Personal and Political Papers; 1840-2000 and undated (bulk 1918-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes material related to Rush Holt's personal, family, and political life. Additional material related to his work in politics can be found in Series 3 through 6. Types of material include correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; material from college courses; bills for recordings, radio station receipts, and election expenditures; typescripts, newsletters, manuscripts, and photocopies of material written by Rush Holt; publications to which Rush Holt subscribed and collected; photographs that represent Rush Holt's personal life and political career; ephemera collected by Rush Holt; and election results collected by Rush Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Artifacts; 1939-1952 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Legislative Records; 1920-1955 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Constituent Services; 1923-1954 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. In some cases, this series also includes typescript responses, many of which are generic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Press and Media Activity; 1925-2003 and undated (bulk 1925-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media.    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6. Administrative Files; 1937-1940\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.   \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated) includes correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; and material from college courses, among other material that represents Rush Holt's personal life and political career; and ephemera collected by Rush Holt. Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated) includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt. Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated) includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity. Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated) includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents providing political opinions to Holt or requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated) includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media. Administrative Files (1937-1940) includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.","The collection is divided into six series as follows:","Series 1. Personal and Political Papers; 1840-2000 and undated (bulk 1918-1955)","Includes material related to Rush Holt's personal, family, and political life. Additional material related to his work in politics can be found in Series 3 through 6. Types of material include correspondence; invitations and cards; material representing campaign activities; material from college courses; bills for recordings, radio station receipts, and election expenditures; typescripts, newsletters, manuscripts, and photocopies of material written by Rush Holt; publications to which Rush Holt subscribed and collected; photographs that represent Rush Holt's personal life and political career; ephemera collected by Rush Holt; and election results collected by Rush Holt.","Series 2. Artifacts; 1939-1952 and undated","Includes personal and political items collected by Rush Holt.","Series 3. Legislative Records; 1920-1955 and undated","Includes correspondence, reports, publications, clippings, statistics, transcripts, financial records, and project records, among other miscellaneous material relative to Rush Holt's committee-based and general legislative activity.","Series 4. Constituent Services; 1923-1954 and undated","Includes mail received by Rush Holt during his time in the West Virginia House of Delegates and the United States Senate from constituents requesting government publications and bulletins, copies of speeches, educational material, and Rush Holt's recommendation to the United States Military or Naval Academy. In some cases, this series also includes typescript responses, many of which are generic.","Series 5. Press and Media Activity; 1925-2003 and undated (bulk 1925-1955)","Includes original and photocopied articles from newspapers and similar publications, typescripts of press releases, pen-and-ink drawn political cartoons, transcripts of speeches, and sound recordings, among other material representing Rush Holt's involvement with the press and media.    ","Series 6. Administrative Files; 1937-1940","Includes material documenting the daily office activities of Rush Holt and his staff during the former's senatorial term.   "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEphemeral items not specific to Rush Dew Holt were moved to the Printed Ephemera Collection. Several local basketball scorecards were moved to A\u0026amp;M 4216, the Annual West Virginia State High School Basketball Tournament Programs collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e17 reels of undated sound recordings, chiefly relating to the political career of Rush Dew Holt, were separated to the oral history collection, C432 R699-R715 (17 tapes). These tapes include some personal material as well.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Ephemeral items not specific to Rush Dew Holt were moved to the Printed Ephemera Collection. Several local basketball scorecards were moved to A\u0026M 4216, the Annual West Virginia State High School Basketball Tournament Programs collection.","17 reels of undated sound recordings, chiefly relating to the political career of Rush Dew Holt, were separated to the oral history collection, C432 R699-R715 (17 tapes). These tapes include some personal material as well."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f7aca18f594cb9e240c48f7fdefc04e\"\u003ePapers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. The collection is divided into six series: Personal and Political Papers (1840-2000 and undated), Artifacts (1939-1952 and undated), Legislative Records (1920-1955 and undated), Constituent Services (1923-1954 and undated), Press and Media Activity (1925-2003 and undated), and Administrative Files (1937-1940).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. (1905-1955) relating to his personal and political activities. Types of material include publications, clippings, correspondence, photographs, and ephemera, among others. 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