{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Slaveholders+--+Virginia+--+York+County\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Slaveholders+--+Virginia+--+York+County\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi02631","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02631","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02631","_root_":"vi_vi02631","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02631","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02631.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859\n"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1156325-1156326\n"],"text":["1156325-1156326\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859","African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County","0.90 cu. ft. (2 boxes)","Chronological\n","York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death.   \n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1156325-1156326\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) 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(2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWarrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVerdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death.   \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death.   \n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:30:58.757Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02631","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02631","_root_":"vi_vi02631","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02631","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02631.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859\n"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) 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The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death.   \n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1156325-1156326\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n 1778-1859"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from York County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.90 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWarrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVerdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. 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Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death.   \n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:30:58.757Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631"}},{"id":"vi_vi02493","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02493#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02493#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02493#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02493","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02493","_root_":"vi_vi02493","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02493","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02493.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)\n"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1141497-1141501\n"],"text":["1141497-1141501\n","York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County","5 cu. ft. (5 boxes)","Chronological\n","York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","The collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1141497-1141501\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from York County. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 cu. ft. (5 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634.  The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) 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If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. 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Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","The collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. 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