{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Slaveholders+--+Virginia+--+Northumberland+County\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Slaveholders+--+Virginia+--+Northumberland+County\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi02646","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Northumberland County (Va.) Citizens' Claims of Property Lost to British Army, \n 1815","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02646#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Northumberland County (Va.) 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It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Northumberland County probably was named for the English county.  It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland (Va.) Deeds, circa 1787-1921 consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, deeds of trust, and deeds of emancipation. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Northumberland (Va.) Deeds, circa 1787-1921 consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, deeds of trust, and deeds of emancipation. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia \n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia \n"],"names_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:38:32.745Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02644"}},{"id":"vi_vi02642","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02642#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02642#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02642#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02642","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02642","_root_":"vi_vi02642","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02642","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02642.xml","title_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912\n"],"title_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1182759\n"],"text":["1182759\n","Northumberland County (Va.) 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Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1182759\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912"],"collection_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) 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It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Northumberland County probably was named for the English county.  It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:25:32.074Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02642","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02642","_root_":"vi_vi02642","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02642","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02642.xml","title_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912\n"],"title_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1182759\n"],"text":["1182759\n","Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912","African Americans -- History","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Slavery -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Appraisals -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Estate inventories -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Fiduciary records -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","0.1 cu. ft.","Arranged chronologically.\n","Northumberland County probably was named for the English county.  It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n","Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1182759\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912"],"collection_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, \n 1859, 1912"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) 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It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Northumberland County probably was named for the English county.  It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:25:32.074Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02642"}},{"id":"vi_vi02649","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Northumberland County (Va.) Wills, \n circa 1792-1904","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02649#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Northumberland County\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02649#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland County (Va.) Wills circa 1792-1904, record the deceased's plan for how his or her estate was to be divided among his or her heirs following his or her death. Information commonly recorded in wills include the name of the deceased, also referred to as the testator; names of heirs; a listing of real and personal property (including slaves) and how it was to be divided among the heirs; names of individuals who were to be the will's executors; the date the will was written; and the date the will was recorded at the court house. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02649#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02649","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02649","_root_":"vi_vi02649","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02649","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02649.xml","title_ssm":["Northumberland County (Va.) Wills, \n circa 1792-1904\n"],"title_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Wills, \n circa 1792-1904\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1182759\n"],"text":["1182759\n","Northumberland County (Va.) Wills, \n circa 1792-1904","African Americans -- History","Estates (Law) -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Slavery -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Estate inventories -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Probate accounts -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","Wills -- Virginia -- Northumberland County","0.1 cu. t.","Arranged chronologically by date recorded in court.\n","Northumberland County probably was named for the English county.  It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n","Individuals dying with a written will died testate. After the death of an individual, his or her will was brought into court, where two of the subscribing witnesses swore that the document was genuine. After the will was proved, the executor was bonded to carry out his or her duties to settle the estate. The court then ordered the will to be recorded.\n","Northumberland County (Va.) Wills circa 1792-1904, record the deceased's plan for how his or her estate was to be divided among his or her heirs following his or her death. Information commonly recorded in wills include the name of the deceased, also referred to as the testator; names of heirs; a listing of real and personal property (including slaves) and how it was to be divided among the heirs; names of individuals who were to be the will's executors; the date the will was written; and the date the will was recorded at the court house.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Northumberland County (Va.) 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It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndividuals dying with a written will died testate. After the death of an individual, his or her will was brought into court, where two of the subscribing witnesses swore that the document was genuine. After the will was proved, the executor was bonded to carry out his or her duties to settle the estate. The court then ordered the will to be recorded.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Northumberland County probably was named for the English county.  It was formed about 1645 from the district of Chickacoan, the early-seventeenth-century name for the region between the Potomac and the Rappahannock rivers. \n","Individuals dying with a written will died testate. After the death of an individual, his or her will was brought into court, where two of the subscribing witnesses swore that the document was genuine. After the will was proved, the executor was bonded to carry out his or her duties to settle the estate. The court then ordered the will to be recorded.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland County (Va.) Wills circa 1792-1904, record the deceased's plan for how his or her estate was to be divided among his or her heirs following his or her death. Information commonly recorded in wills include the name of the deceased, also referred to as the testator; names of heirs; a listing of real and personal property (including slaves) and how it was to be divided among the heirs; names of individuals who were to be the will's executors; the date the will was written; and the date the will was recorded at the court house.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Wills circa 1792-1904, record the deceased's plan for how his or her estate was to be divided among his or her heirs following his or her death. Information commonly recorded in wills include the name of the deceased, also referred to as the testator; names of heirs; a listing of real and personal property (including slaves) and how it was to be divided among the heirs; names of individuals who were to be the will's executors; the date the will was written; and the date the will was recorded at the court house.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Northumberland County (Va.) 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After the death of an individual, his or her will was brought into court, where two of the subscribing witnesses swore that the document was genuine. After the will was proved, the executor was bonded to carry out his or her duties to settle the estate. The court then ordered the will to be recorded.\n","Northumberland County (Va.) Wills circa 1792-1904, record the deceased's plan for how his or her estate was to be divided among his or her heirs following his or her death. Information commonly recorded in wills include the name of the deceased, also referred to as the testator; names of heirs; a listing of real and personal property (including slaves) and how it was to be divided among the heirs; names of individuals who were to be the will's executors; the date the will was written; and the date the will was recorded at the court house.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Northumberland County (Va.) 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After the death of an individual, his or her will was brought into court, where two of the subscribing witnesses swore that the document was genuine. After the will was proved, the executor was bonded to carry out his or her duties to settle the estate. The court then ordered the will to be recorded.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthumberland County (Va.) Wills circa 1792-1904, record the deceased's plan for how his or her estate was to be divided among his or her heirs following his or her death. 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