{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Sharecropping+--+United+States+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1922","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Sharecropping+--+United+States+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1922\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":1,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2529.xml","title_filing_ssi":"African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia","title_ssm":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"title_tesim":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1920-1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c.1920-1930"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.110"],"text":["Ms.2009.110","African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Farm tenancy -- Virginia","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","This collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Tenant farming was common after the abolition of slavery. Agriculture in many parts of the United States had been built upon the work of enslaved people. Once enslaving people was no longer legal, landowners had to find another method to farm their land. At the same time, former enslaved people needed homes and jobs. Tenant farming was the solution chosen by many landowners and former enslaved people. A landowner would rent a portion of their land to a tenant for a price that was, many times, half of the crop or a significant amount of money. Farming was unpredictable and this type of arrangement often proved problematic for tenant farmers if their crops failed.","The guide to the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, commenced and was completed in August 2009.","These photographs depict the conditions of a tenant farmer known as Aaron working a piece of land on the John T. Lewis, Jr., estate in Clarksville, Virginia. These photographs, taken around 1930, show the conditions in which tenant farmers lived and worked during the Great Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted to improve the conditions of farmers around the country with his New Deal legislation, making parity payments to landowners who were then expected to share these payments with their tenants; however, some of these landowners took the opportunity to keep the money for themselves. By the late 1930s, nearly forty per cent of all farmers were tenant farmers.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.110"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"collection_title_tesim":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, were purchased by Special Collections in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Farm tenancy -- Virginia","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Farm tenancy -- Virginia","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2009-110\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTenant farming was common after the abolition of slavery. Agriculture in many parts of the United States had been built upon the work of enslaved people. Once enslaving people was no longer legal, landowners had to find another method to farm their land. At the same time, former enslaved people needed homes and jobs. Tenant farming was the solution chosen by many landowners and former enslaved people. A landowner would rent a portion of their land to a tenant for a price that was, many times, half of the crop or a significant amount of money. Farming was unpredictable and this type of arrangement often proved problematic for tenant farmers if their crops failed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Tenant farming was common after the abolition of slavery. Agriculture in many parts of the United States had been built upon the work of enslaved people. Once enslaving people was no longer legal, landowners had to find another method to farm their land. At the same time, former enslaved people needed homes and jobs. Tenant farming was the solution chosen by many landowners and former enslaved people. A landowner would rent a portion of their land to a tenant for a price that was, many times, half of the crop or a significant amount of money. Farming was unpredictable and this type of arrangement often proved problematic for tenant farmers if their crops failed."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, Ms2009-110, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, Ms2009-110, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, commenced and was completed in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, commenced and was completed in August 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese photographs depict the conditions of a tenant farmer known as Aaron working a piece of land on the John T. Lewis, Jr., estate in Clarksville, Virginia. These photographs, taken around 1930, show the conditions in which tenant farmers lived and worked during the Great Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted to improve the conditions of farmers around the country with his New Deal legislation, making parity payments to landowners who were then expected to share these payments with their tenants; however, some of these landowners took the opportunity to keep the money for themselves. By the late 1930s, nearly forty per cent of all farmers were tenant farmers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These photographs depict the conditions of a tenant farmer known as Aaron working a piece of land on the John T. Lewis, Jr., estate in Clarksville, Virginia. These photographs, taken around 1930, show the conditions in which tenant farmers lived and worked during the Great Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted to improve the conditions of farmers around the country with his New Deal legislation, making parity payments to landowners who were then expected to share these payments with their tenants; however, some of these landowners took the opportunity to keep the money for themselves. By the late 1930s, nearly forty per cent of all farmers were tenant farmers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_96454355b15dc5662917088a47dff12c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:41.366Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2529","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2529.xml","title_filing_ssi":"African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia","title_ssm":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"title_tesim":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1920-1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c.1920-1930"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.110"],"text":["Ms.2009.110","African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Farm tenancy -- Virginia","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","This collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Tenant farming was common after the abolition of slavery. 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Farming was unpredictable and this type of arrangement often proved problematic for tenant farmers if their crops failed.","The guide to the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, commenced and was completed in August 2009.","These photographs depict the conditions of a tenant farmer known as Aaron working a piece of land on the John T. Lewis, Jr., estate in Clarksville, Virginia. These photographs, taken around 1930, show the conditions in which tenant farmers lived and worked during the Great Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted to improve the conditions of farmers around the country with his New Deal legislation, making parity payments to landowners who were then expected to share these payments with their tenants; however, some of these landowners took the opportunity to keep the money for themselves. By the late 1930s, nearly forty per cent of all farmers were tenant farmers.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.110"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"collection_title_tesim":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, were purchased by Special Collections in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Farm tenancy -- Virginia","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Farm tenancy -- Virginia","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2009-110\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTenant farming was common after the abolition of slavery. 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At the same time, former enslaved people needed homes and jobs. Tenant farming was the solution chosen by many landowners and former enslaved people. A landowner would rent a portion of their land to a tenant for a price that was, many times, half of the crop or a significant amount of money. Farming was unpredictable and this type of arrangement often proved problematic for tenant farmers if their crops failed."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, Ms2009-110, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, Ms2009-110, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, commenced and was completed in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the African-American Tenant Farmer Photographs, Clarksville, Virginia, commenced and was completed in August 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese photographs depict the conditions of a tenant farmer known as Aaron working a piece of land on the John T. 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Roosevelt attempted to improve the conditions of farmers around the country with his New Deal legislation, making parity payments to landowners who were then expected to share these payments with their tenants; however, some of these landowners took the opportunity to keep the money for themselves. By the late 1930s, nearly forty per cent of all farmers were tenant farmers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_96454355b15dc5662917088a47dff12c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains six black and white photographs of a tenant farm in Clarksville, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content 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