{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=11","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=10","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=12","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=16"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":11,"next_page":12,"prev_page":10,"total_pages":16,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":100,"total_count":152,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"New Farmers of America. 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The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1980.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_ssim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_ssim":["New Farmers of America. 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Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1f181c86d2b146290a62975b600541ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association."],"names_coll_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:16.326Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1345.xml","title_filing_ssi":"New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1980.002"],"text":["Ms.1980.002","New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology","The collection is open to research.","The items in this collection are ordered alphabetically.","The New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members.","The guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","This collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","The six volumes of the  Guide for the New Farmers of America , 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1980.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_ssim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creators_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in this collection are ordered alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The items in this collection are ordered alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. 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By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association, Ms1980-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association, Ms1980-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe six volumes of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGuide for the New Farmers of America\u003c/title\u003e, 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The six volumes of the  Guide for the New Farmers of America , 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1f181c86d2b146290a62975b600541ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association."],"names_coll_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:16.326Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"New Jersey Zinc Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1841.xml","title_filing_ssi":"New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records","title_ssm":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"title_tesim":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.032"],"text":["Ms.1991.032","New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records","Coal mines and mining","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","The collection is in its original order.","The lead mines of southwest Virginia were first discovered by Colonel John Chiswell in 1756. Chiswell mined lead ore on the New River in Augusta County (now Wythe County) from 1760 to 1766, and furnished large supplies of lead to Virginia during the French and Indian War. A fort and trading post were sut up at this time near the mines. Chiswell died in 1766, and ownership of the mines was trasnferred to William Byrd. The mines were leased to the state during the Revolutionary War. ","In 1789 Moses and Stephen Austin contacted for the lead mines and bought them from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Due to mismanagement, the lead mines reverted back to the state in 1802. In 1806, Thomas Jackson bought the proerty, now in the town of Austinville, in Wythe County, at a public auction in Richmond. He constructed a shot-tower on the New River, which operated from 1812 to 1830 and still stands today. ","From 1830 to 1898, the property was mined by Daniel Sheffey and David Pierce or their descendants. From 1838 to the 1850s, the firm was called the Wythe Lead Mines Company. The Union Lead Mine Company, as it was called in 1860, contributed more than 2,000 tons of lead to Confederate troops in the Civil War. After the discovery of zinc in the 1860s, the Union Lead Company formed the Wythe Lead and Zinc Company.","The Wythe Lead and Zinc Company sold all of its ore in 1898 to the Bertha Mineral Company, which operated in Pulaski, six miles northeast of Austinville. In 1902, the New Jersey Zinc Corporation purchased Bertha holdings and the Austinville property.","For more information on the early history of the Austinville lead and zinc mines, see: Austin, Vera Lee. 1977.  The Southwest Virginia Lead Works, 1756-1802 . Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1977.","The guide to the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The majority of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records are unprocessed. A preliminary inventory was created in 1991, and the maps and blueprints were added in 2018.","See the  New Jersey Zinc Corporation (Austinville, VA) Records II, Ms2011-037  also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina. Maps in the collection, dating from the 1930s-1960s, describe the geological plans, the Ivanhoe mines, hydrology, ore reserves, and geochemistry of the area, including portions of North Carolina. Eight rolls of blueprints depict equipment and furnace works. ","Files include superintendent memos, tenant applications, Ivanhoe property records, employment records and correspondence, senoirity lists, unemployment compensation forms, contracts, deeds, death claims, and company rules and regulations. The collection also has some information on the Ivanhoe Furnace Company (1911-1913). ","In addition, there are 31 volumes (1888-1908) of published materials: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1880.  Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers . New York City: The Society.","Please note:  The majority of this collection is unprocessed, and the inventory is preliminary only.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina.","Please note:  All boxes of this collection are in off-site storage and require 1-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Jersey Zinc Company","Bertha Mineral Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.032"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"collection_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"creator_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"creators_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mines and mining","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mines and mining","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["55 Cubic Feet 58 boxes; 3 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["55 Cubic Feet 58 boxes; 3 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is in its original order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is in its original order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe lead mines of southwest Virginia were first discovered by Colonel John Chiswell in 1756. Chiswell mined lead ore on the New River in Augusta County (now Wythe County) from 1760 to 1766, and furnished large supplies of lead to Virginia during the French and Indian War. A fort and trading post were sut up at this time near the mines. Chiswell died in 1766, and ownership of the mines was trasnferred to William Byrd. The mines were leased to the state during the Revolutionary War. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1789 Moses and Stephen Austin contacted for the lead mines and bought them from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Due to mismanagement, the lead mines reverted back to the state in 1802. In 1806, Thomas Jackson bought the proerty, now in the town of Austinville, in Wythe County, at a public auction in Richmond. He constructed a shot-tower on the New River, which operated from 1812 to 1830 and still stands today. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1830 to 1898, the property was mined by Daniel Sheffey and David Pierce or their descendants. From 1838 to the 1850s, the firm was called the Wythe Lead Mines Company. The Union Lead Mine Company, as it was called in 1860, contributed more than 2,000 tons of lead to Confederate troops in the Civil War. After the discovery of zinc in the 1860s, the Union Lead Company formed the Wythe Lead and Zinc Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Wythe Lead and Zinc Company sold all of its ore in 1898 to the Bertha Mineral Company, which operated in Pulaski, six miles northeast of Austinville. In 1902, the New Jersey Zinc Corporation purchased Bertha holdings and the Austinville property.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information on the early history of the Austinville lead and zinc mines, see: Austin, Vera Lee. 1977. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Southwest Virginia Lead Works, 1756-1802\u003c/title\u003e. Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The lead mines of southwest Virginia were first discovered by Colonel John Chiswell in 1756. Chiswell mined lead ore on the New River in Augusta County (now Wythe County) from 1760 to 1766, and furnished large supplies of lead to Virginia during the French and Indian War. A fort and trading post were sut up at this time near the mines. Chiswell died in 1766, and ownership of the mines was trasnferred to William Byrd. The mines were leased to the state during the Revolutionary War. ","In 1789 Moses and Stephen Austin contacted for the lead mines and bought them from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Due to mismanagement, the lead mines reverted back to the state in 1802. In 1806, Thomas Jackson bought the proerty, now in the town of Austinville, in Wythe County, at a public auction in Richmond. He constructed a shot-tower on the New River, which operated from 1812 to 1830 and still stands today. ","From 1830 to 1898, the property was mined by Daniel Sheffey and David Pierce or their descendants. From 1838 to the 1850s, the firm was called the Wythe Lead Mines Company. The Union Lead Mine Company, as it was called in 1860, contributed more than 2,000 tons of lead to Confederate troops in the Civil War. After the discovery of zinc in the 1860s, the Union Lead Company formed the Wythe Lead and Zinc Company.","The Wythe Lead and Zinc Company sold all of its ore in 1898 to the Bertha Mineral Company, which operated in Pulaski, six miles northeast of Austinville. In 1902, the New Jersey Zinc Corporation purchased Bertha holdings and the Austinville property.","For more information on the early history of the Austinville lead and zinc mines, see: Austin, Vera Lee. 1977.  The Southwest Virginia Lead Works, 1756-1802 . Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1977."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records, Ms1991-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records, Ms1991-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records are unprocessed. A preliminary inventory was created in 1991, and the maps and blueprints were added in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The majority of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records are unprocessed. A preliminary inventory was created in 1991, and the maps and blueprints were added in 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2677.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eNew Jersey Zinc Corporation (Austinville, VA) Records II, Ms2011-037\u003c/a\u003e also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  New Jersey Zinc Corporation (Austinville, VA) Records II, Ms2011-037  also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina. Maps in the collection, dating from the 1930s-1960s, describe the geological plans, the Ivanhoe mines, hydrology, ore reserves, and geochemistry of the area, including portions of North Carolina. Eight rolls of blueprints depict equipment and furnace works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFiles include superintendent memos, tenant applications, Ivanhoe property records, employment records and correspondence, senoirity lists, unemployment compensation forms, contracts, deeds, death claims, and company rules and regulations. The collection also has some information on the Ivanhoe Furnace Company (1911-1913). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, there are 31 volumes (1888-1908) of published materials: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1880. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTransactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers\u003c/title\u003e. New York City: The Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The majority of this collection is unprocessed, and the inventory is preliminary only.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina. Maps in the collection, dating from the 1930s-1960s, describe the geological plans, the Ivanhoe mines, hydrology, ore reserves, and geochemistry of the area, including portions of North Carolina. Eight rolls of blueprints depict equipment and furnace works. ","Files include superintendent memos, tenant applications, Ivanhoe property records, employment records and correspondence, senoirity lists, unemployment compensation forms, contracts, deeds, death claims, and company rules and regulations. The collection also has some information on the Ivanhoe Furnace Company (1911-1913). ","In addition, there are 31 volumes (1888-1908) of published materials: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1880.  Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers . New York City: The Society.","Please note:  The majority of this collection is unprocessed, and the inventory is preliminary only."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7d60796df329cdb1fc5d57b3798a3cf2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_029cec61b1c4670f4efdb54a48db9f29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e All boxes of this collection are in off-site storage and require 1-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  All boxes of this collection are in off-site storage and require 1-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bertha Mineral Company","New Jersey Zinc Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Jersey Zinc Company","Bertha Mineral Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Jersey Zinc Company","Bertha Mineral Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":70,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1841.xml","title_filing_ssi":"New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records","title_ssm":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"title_tesim":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.032"],"text":["Ms.1991.032","New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records","Coal mines and mining","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","The collection is in its original order.","The lead mines of southwest Virginia were first discovered by Colonel John Chiswell in 1756. Chiswell mined lead ore on the New River in Augusta County (now Wythe County) from 1760 to 1766, and furnished large supplies of lead to Virginia during the French and Indian War. A fort and trading post were sut up at this time near the mines. Chiswell died in 1766, and ownership of the mines was trasnferred to William Byrd. The mines were leased to the state during the Revolutionary War. ","In 1789 Moses and Stephen Austin contacted for the lead mines and bought them from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Due to mismanagement, the lead mines reverted back to the state in 1802. In 1806, Thomas Jackson bought the proerty, now in the town of Austinville, in Wythe County, at a public auction in Richmond. He constructed a shot-tower on the New River, which operated from 1812 to 1830 and still stands today. ","From 1830 to 1898, the property was mined by Daniel Sheffey and David Pierce or their descendants. From 1838 to the 1850s, the firm was called the Wythe Lead Mines Company. The Union Lead Mine Company, as it was called in 1860, contributed more than 2,000 tons of lead to Confederate troops in the Civil War. After the discovery of zinc in the 1860s, the Union Lead Company formed the Wythe Lead and Zinc Company.","The Wythe Lead and Zinc Company sold all of its ore in 1898 to the Bertha Mineral Company, which operated in Pulaski, six miles northeast of Austinville. In 1902, the New Jersey Zinc Corporation purchased Bertha holdings and the Austinville property.","For more information on the early history of the Austinville lead and zinc mines, see: Austin, Vera Lee. 1977.  The Southwest Virginia Lead Works, 1756-1802 . Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1977.","The guide to the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The majority of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records are unprocessed. A preliminary inventory was created in 1991, and the maps and blueprints were added in 2018.","See the  New Jersey Zinc Corporation (Austinville, VA) Records II, Ms2011-037  also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina. Maps in the collection, dating from the 1930s-1960s, describe the geological plans, the Ivanhoe mines, hydrology, ore reserves, and geochemistry of the area, including portions of North Carolina. Eight rolls of blueprints depict equipment and furnace works. ","Files include superintendent memos, tenant applications, Ivanhoe property records, employment records and correspondence, senoirity lists, unemployment compensation forms, contracts, deeds, death claims, and company rules and regulations. The collection also has some information on the Ivanhoe Furnace Company (1911-1913). ","In addition, there are 31 volumes (1888-1908) of published materials: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1880.  Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers . New York City: The Society.","Please note:  The majority of this collection is unprocessed, and the inventory is preliminary only.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina.","Please note:  All boxes of this collection are in off-site storage and require 1-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Jersey Zinc Company","Bertha Mineral Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.032"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"collection_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, VA] Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"creator_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"creators_ssim":["New Jersey Zinc Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mines and mining","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mines and mining","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["55 Cubic Feet 58 boxes; 3 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["55 Cubic Feet 58 boxes; 3 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is in its original order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is in its original order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe lead mines of southwest Virginia were first discovered by Colonel John Chiswell in 1756. Chiswell mined lead ore on the New River in Augusta County (now Wythe County) from 1760 to 1766, and furnished large supplies of lead to Virginia during the French and Indian War. A fort and trading post were sut up at this time near the mines. Chiswell died in 1766, and ownership of the mines was trasnferred to William Byrd. The mines were leased to the state during the Revolutionary War. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1789 Moses and Stephen Austin contacted for the lead mines and bought them from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Due to mismanagement, the lead mines reverted back to the state in 1802. In 1806, Thomas Jackson bought the proerty, now in the town of Austinville, in Wythe County, at a public auction in Richmond. He constructed a shot-tower on the New River, which operated from 1812 to 1830 and still stands today. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1830 to 1898, the property was mined by Daniel Sheffey and David Pierce or their descendants. From 1838 to the 1850s, the firm was called the Wythe Lead Mines Company. The Union Lead Mine Company, as it was called in 1860, contributed more than 2,000 tons of lead to Confederate troops in the Civil War. After the discovery of zinc in the 1860s, the Union Lead Company formed the Wythe Lead and Zinc Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Wythe Lead and Zinc Company sold all of its ore in 1898 to the Bertha Mineral Company, which operated in Pulaski, six miles northeast of Austinville. In 1902, the New Jersey Zinc Corporation purchased Bertha holdings and the Austinville property.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information on the early history of the Austinville lead and zinc mines, see: Austin, Vera Lee. 1977. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Southwest Virginia Lead Works, 1756-1802\u003c/title\u003e. Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The lead mines of southwest Virginia were first discovered by Colonel John Chiswell in 1756. Chiswell mined lead ore on the New River in Augusta County (now Wythe County) from 1760 to 1766, and furnished large supplies of lead to Virginia during the French and Indian War. A fort and trading post were sut up at this time near the mines. Chiswell died in 1766, and ownership of the mines was trasnferred to William Byrd. The mines were leased to the state during the Revolutionary War. ","In 1789 Moses and Stephen Austin contacted for the lead mines and bought them from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Due to mismanagement, the lead mines reverted back to the state in 1802. In 1806, Thomas Jackson bought the proerty, now in the town of Austinville, in Wythe County, at a public auction in Richmond. He constructed a shot-tower on the New River, which operated from 1812 to 1830 and still stands today. ","From 1830 to 1898, the property was mined by Daniel Sheffey and David Pierce or their descendants. From 1838 to the 1850s, the firm was called the Wythe Lead Mines Company. The Union Lead Mine Company, as it was called in 1860, contributed more than 2,000 tons of lead to Confederate troops in the Civil War. After the discovery of zinc in the 1860s, the Union Lead Company formed the Wythe Lead and Zinc Company.","The Wythe Lead and Zinc Company sold all of its ore in 1898 to the Bertha Mineral Company, which operated in Pulaski, six miles northeast of Austinville. In 1902, the New Jersey Zinc Corporation purchased Bertha holdings and the Austinville property.","For more information on the early history of the Austinville lead and zinc mines, see: Austin, Vera Lee. 1977.  The Southwest Virginia Lead Works, 1756-1802 . Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1977."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records, Ms1991-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records, Ms1991-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records are unprocessed. A preliminary inventory was created in 1991, and the maps and blueprints were added in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The majority of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation [Austinville, Virginia] Records are unprocessed. A preliminary inventory was created in 1991, and the maps and blueprints were added in 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2677.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eNew Jersey Zinc Corporation (Austinville, VA) Records II, Ms2011-037\u003c/a\u003e also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  New Jersey Zinc Corporation (Austinville, VA) Records II, Ms2011-037  also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina. Maps in the collection, dating from the 1930s-1960s, describe the geological plans, the Ivanhoe mines, hydrology, ore reserves, and geochemistry of the area, including portions of North Carolina. Eight rolls of blueprints depict equipment and furnace works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFiles include superintendent memos, tenant applications, Ivanhoe property records, employment records and correspondence, senoirity lists, unemployment compensation forms, contracts, deeds, death claims, and company rules and regulations. The collection also has some information on the Ivanhoe Furnace Company (1911-1913). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, there are 31 volumes (1888-1908) of published materials: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1880. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTransactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers\u003c/title\u003e. New York City: The Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The majority of this collection is unprocessed, and the inventory is preliminary only.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina. Maps in the collection, dating from the 1930s-1960s, describe the geological plans, the Ivanhoe mines, hydrology, ore reserves, and geochemistry of the area, including portions of North Carolina. Eight rolls of blueprints depict equipment and furnace works. ","Files include superintendent memos, tenant applications, Ivanhoe property records, employment records and correspondence, senoirity lists, unemployment compensation forms, contracts, deeds, death claims, and company rules and regulations. The collection also has some information on the Ivanhoe Furnace Company (1911-1913). ","In addition, there are 31 volumes (1888-1908) of published materials: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1880.  Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers . New York City: The Society.","Please note:  The majority of this collection is unprocessed, and the inventory is preliminary only."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7d60796df329cdb1fc5d57b3798a3cf2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of maps, blueprints, and files of the New Jersey Zinc Corporation operations in Austinville, Virgina."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_029cec61b1c4670f4efdb54a48db9f29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e All boxes of this collection are in off-site storage and require 1-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  All boxes of this collection are in off-site storage and require 1-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bertha Mineral Company","New Jersey Zinc Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Jersey Zinc Company","Bertha Mineral Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Jersey Zinc Company","Bertha Mineral Company","Union Lead Mining Company (Austinville, Va.)","Wythe Lead and Zinc Mine Company"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":70,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1841"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Nicholas C. Mullins Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mullins, Nicholas C.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1552.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Mullins, Nicholas C., Papers","title_ssm":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"title_tesim":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.046"],"text":["Ms.1988.046","Nicholas C. Mullins Papers","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is in the original order in which it was received in 1988. Additional materials received in 2009 are located in Box 31. Data tapes were removed from Box 13 and are located in Box 32. Audio cassettes, floppy disks, and films were removed from Boxes 13, 23, and 30 and are located in Box 33.","Nicholas C. Mullins (1939-1988) was a professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech from 1984 to 1988. Prior to joining the faculty at Tech, he taught sociology at Indiana University from 1971 to 1984. Mullins was an internationally recognized scholar in field of social theory and science technology and knowledge, as well as a founding member, past president, and executive board member of the Society for the Social Studies of Science.","The guide to the Nicholas C. Mullins Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","A box-level inventory of general topics and formats was completed in January 2013. Audio, video, and data materials were separated out in February 2013, prior to the completion of the finding aid.","This collection consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. A majority of the collection contains working papers and articles by other scholars. Other materials include correspondence, papers relating to professional organizations and memberships, grant paperwork, audio tapes of interviews, and microfiche copies of research.","Two books were removed from the collection and were cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","China: 7000 Years of Discovery. China Science and Technology Palace Preparatory Committee, 1982. Testing Theories of Scientific Change. 1986.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988.","Please note:  Boxes 1-31 of this collection are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days for retrieval. Contact Special Collections and University Arhicves for more information.\n\nBoxes 32 and 33 contain audio/visual materials and are available at Special Collections and University Archives.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Mullins, Nicholas C.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.046"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"creator_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"creators_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The bulk of the collection (30 boxes) was donated to Special Collections in 1988. A single folder of floppy disks was donated in 1991, and additional box was received in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["46.2 Cubic Feet 33 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["46.2 Cubic Feet 33 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is in the original order in which it was received in 1988. Additional materials received in 2009 are located in Box 31. Data tapes were removed from Box 13 and are located in Box 32. Audio cassettes, floppy disks, and films were removed from Boxes 13, 23, and 30 and are located in Box 33.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is in the original order in which it was received in 1988. Additional materials received in 2009 are located in Box 31. Data tapes were removed from Box 13 and are located in Box 32. Audio cassettes, floppy disks, and films were removed from Boxes 13, 23, and 30 and are located in Box 33."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNicholas C. Mullins (1939-1988) was a professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech from 1984 to 1988. Prior to joining the faculty at Tech, he taught sociology at Indiana University from 1971 to 1984. Mullins was an internationally recognized scholar in field of social theory and science technology and knowledge, as well as a founding member, past president, and executive board member of the Society for the Social Studies of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Nicholas C. Mullins (1939-1988) was a professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech from 1984 to 1988. Prior to joining the faculty at Tech, he taught sociology at Indiana University from 1971 to 1984. Mullins was an internationally recognized scholar in field of social theory and science technology and knowledge, as well as a founding member, past president, and executive board member of the Society for the Social Studies of Science."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Nicholas C. Mullins Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Nicholas C. Mullins Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nicholas C. Mullins Papers, Ms1988-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nicholas C. Mullins Papers, Ms1988-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA box-level inventory of general topics and formats was completed in January 2013. Audio, video, and data materials were separated out in February 2013, prior to the completion of the finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A box-level inventory of general topics and formats was completed in January 2013. Audio, video, and data materials were separated out in February 2013, prior to the completion of the finding aid."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. A majority of the collection contains working papers and articles by other scholars. Other materials include correspondence, papers relating to professional organizations and memberships, grant paperwork, audio tapes of interviews, and microfiche copies of research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. A majority of the collection contains working papers and articles by other scholars. Other materials include correspondence, papers relating to professional organizations and memberships, grant paperwork, audio tapes of interviews, and microfiche copies of research."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo books were removed from the collection and were cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChina: 7000 Years of Discovery. China Science and Technology Palace Preparatory Committee, 1982.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTesting Theories of Scientific Change. 1986.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two books were removed from the collection and were cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","China: 7000 Years of Discovery. China Science and Technology Palace Preparatory Committee, 1982. Testing Theories of Scientific Change. 1986."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_45a13f85f265b3e4e5e76abf49f8dce2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7e57c01d4c5be7de144322a88fc7ba0d\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-31 of this collection are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days for retrieval. Contact Special Collections and University Arhicves for more information.\n\nBoxes 32 and 33 contain audio/visual materials and are available at Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-31 of this collection are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days for retrieval. Contact Special Collections and University Arhicves for more information.\n\nBoxes 32 and 33 contain audio/visual materials and are available at Special Collections and University Archives."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Mullins, Nicholas C."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Mullins, Nicholas C."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:36:41.686Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1552.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Mullins, Nicholas C., Papers","title_ssm":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"title_tesim":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.046"],"text":["Ms.1988.046","Nicholas C. Mullins Papers","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is in the original order in which it was received in 1988. Additional materials received in 2009 are located in Box 31. Data tapes were removed from Box 13 and are located in Box 32. Audio cassettes, floppy disks, and films were removed from Boxes 13, 23, and 30 and are located in Box 33.","Nicholas C. Mullins (1939-1988) was a professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech from 1984 to 1988. Prior to joining the faculty at Tech, he taught sociology at Indiana University from 1971 to 1984. Mullins was an internationally recognized scholar in field of social theory and science technology and knowledge, as well as a founding member, past president, and executive board member of the Society for the Social Studies of Science.","The guide to the Nicholas C. Mullins Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","A box-level inventory of general topics and formats was completed in January 2013. Audio, video, and data materials were separated out in February 2013, prior to the completion of the finding aid.","This collection consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. A majority of the collection contains working papers and articles by other scholars. Other materials include correspondence, papers relating to professional organizations and memberships, grant paperwork, audio tapes of interviews, and microfiche copies of research.","Two books were removed from the collection and were cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","China: 7000 Years of Discovery. China Science and Technology Palace Preparatory Committee, 1982. Testing Theories of Scientific Change. 1986.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988.","Please note:  Boxes 1-31 of this collection are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days for retrieval. Contact Special Collections and University Arhicves for more information.\n\nBoxes 32 and 33 contain audio/visual materials and are available at Special Collections and University Archives.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Mullins, Nicholas C.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.046"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Nicholas C. Mullins Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"creator_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"creators_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The bulk of the collection (30 boxes) was donated to Special Collections in 1988. A single folder of floppy disks was donated in 1991, and additional box was received in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["46.2 Cubic Feet 33 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["46.2 Cubic Feet 33 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is in the original order in which it was received in 1988. Additional materials received in 2009 are located in Box 31. Data tapes were removed from Box 13 and are located in Box 32. Audio cassettes, floppy disks, and films were removed from Boxes 13, 23, and 30 and are located in Box 33.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is in the original order in which it was received in 1988. Additional materials received in 2009 are located in Box 31. Data tapes were removed from Box 13 and are located in Box 32. Audio cassettes, floppy disks, and films were removed from Boxes 13, 23, and 30 and are located in Box 33."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNicholas C. Mullins (1939-1988) was a professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech from 1984 to 1988. Prior to joining the faculty at Tech, he taught sociology at Indiana University from 1971 to 1984. Mullins was an internationally recognized scholar in field of social theory and science technology and knowledge, as well as a founding member, past president, and executive board member of the Society for the Social Studies of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Nicholas C. Mullins (1939-1988) was a professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech from 1984 to 1988. Prior to joining the faculty at Tech, he taught sociology at Indiana University from 1971 to 1984. Mullins was an internationally recognized scholar in field of social theory and science technology and knowledge, as well as a founding member, past president, and executive board member of the Society for the Social Studies of Science."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Nicholas C. Mullins Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Nicholas C. Mullins Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nicholas C. Mullins Papers, Ms1988-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nicholas C. Mullins Papers, Ms1988-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA box-level inventory of general topics and formats was completed in January 2013. Audio, video, and data materials were separated out in February 2013, prior to the completion of the finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A box-level inventory of general topics and formats was completed in January 2013. Audio, video, and data materials were separated out in February 2013, prior to the completion of the finding aid."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. A majority of the collection contains working papers and articles by other scholars. Other materials include correspondence, papers relating to professional organizations and memberships, grant paperwork, audio tapes of interviews, and microfiche copies of research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. A majority of the collection contains working papers and articles by other scholars. Other materials include correspondence, papers relating to professional organizations and memberships, grant paperwork, audio tapes of interviews, and microfiche copies of research."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo books were removed from the collection and were cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChina: 7000 Years of Discovery. China Science and Technology Palace Preparatory Committee, 1982.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTesting Theories of Scientific Change. 1986.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two books were removed from the collection and were cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","China: 7000 Years of Discovery. China Science and Technology Palace Preparatory Committee, 1982. Testing Theories of Scientific Change. 1986."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_45a13f85f265b3e4e5e76abf49f8dce2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Nicholas C. Mullins Papers consists primarily of material concerning a ten year research project studying sociology citations in international journals. The collection includes working papers, correspondence, grant materials, and audio interviews from the 1960s-1988."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7e57c01d4c5be7de144322a88fc7ba0d\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-31 of this collection are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days for retrieval. Contact Special Collections and University Arhicves for more information.\n\nBoxes 32 and 33 contain audio/visual materials and are available at Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-31 of this collection are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days for retrieval. Contact Special Collections and University Arhicves for more information.\n\nBoxes 32 and 33 contain audio/visual materials and are available at Special Collections and University Archives."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Mullins, Nicholas C."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Mullins, Nicholas C."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Mullins, Nicholas C."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:36:41.686Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1552"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4128.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger","title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.078"],"text":["Ms.2023.078","Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger","Science and Technology","Railroad","The collection is open for research.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railways was a profitable coal-hauler connection Norfolk, Virginia to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1982 Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway merged with Southern Railway to become what is known today as Norfolk Southern. ","External source:","\"Norfolk and Western Railway (N\u0026W), 'Precision Transportation'\", American-rails.com,  https://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html , accessed on July 19, 2023. ","The guide to the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger was completed in July 2023.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.078"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in April 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Railroad"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Railroad"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railways was a profitable coal-hauler connection Norfolk, Virginia to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1982 Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway merged with Southern Railway to become what is known today as Norfolk Southern. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal source:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Norfolk and Western Railway (N\u0026amp;W), 'Precision Transportation'\", American-rails.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html\"\u003ehttps://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on July 19, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railways was a profitable coal-hauler connection Norfolk, Virginia to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1982 Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway merged with Southern Railway to become what is known today as Norfolk Southern. ","External source:","\"Norfolk and Western Railway (N\u0026W), 'Precision Transportation'\", American-rails.com,  https://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html , accessed on July 19, 2023. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger, 1880-1941, Ms2023-078, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger, 1880-1941, Ms2023-078, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger was completed in July 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger was completed in July 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a00391060302feb23a09e0264e1714e6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:08.462Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4128.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger","title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.078"],"text":["Ms.2023.078","Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger","Science and Technology","Railroad","The collection is open for research.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railways was a profitable coal-hauler connection Norfolk, Virginia to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1982 Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway merged with Southern Railway to become what is known today as Norfolk Southern. ","External source:","\"Norfolk and Western Railway (N\u0026W), 'Precision Transportation'\", American-rails.com,  https://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html , accessed on July 19, 2023. ","The guide to the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger was completed in July 2023.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.078"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in April 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Railroad"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Railroad"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railways was a profitable coal-hauler connection Norfolk, Virginia to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1982 Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway merged with Southern Railway to become what is known today as Norfolk Southern. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal source:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Norfolk and Western Railway (N\u0026amp;W), 'Precision Transportation'\", American-rails.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html\"\u003ehttps://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on July 19, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railways was a profitable coal-hauler connection Norfolk, Virginia to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1982 Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway merged with Southern Railway to become what is known today as Norfolk Southern. ","External source:","\"Norfolk and Western Railway (N\u0026W), 'Precision Transportation'\", American-rails.com,  https://www.american-rails.com/norfolk.html , accessed on July 19, 2023. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger, 1880-1941, Ms2023-078, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger, 1880-1941, Ms2023-078, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger was completed in July 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger was completed in July 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a00391060302feb23a09e0264e1714e6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Ledger contains summaries for all districts covered by the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:08.462Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4128"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2060.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs","title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-1981, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-1981, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.027"],"text":["Ms.1997.027","Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Railroad","Science and Technology","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The photographs are organized in chronological order, with undated photographs at the end.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway was established through a reorganization of the bankrupt Norfolk and Western Railroad in 1896, the latter company itself having arisen from the Atlantic, Mississippi \u0026 Ohio Railroad, a successor to the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. In order to raise capital to pay off debt, meet its payroll and other obligations, and make continued improvements to the line, the new company issued $23 million in preferred stock, $66 million in common stock, and $62.5 million gold bonds paying four percent, secured through a consolidated mortgage to the Mercantile Trust Company of New York.","Through expansion and various mergers, the company grew to become a major U.S. carrier, serving 14 states. The company manufactured steam locomotives at its own Roanoke Machine Works (established in Roanoke, Virginia in 1882), and among the railroad's affiliated holdings were several hotels. In 1982, the N\u0026W combined with the Southern Railway to form Norfolk Southern Corporation.","The guide to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs was completed in 1997. Additional description was completed in 2015.","Special Collections and University Archives includes many other collections relating to railroad history in this region, as well as Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, and various subsidiaries. You can browse and search within a  list of these collections online .","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs were purchased by Special Collections in 1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Railroad","Science and Technology","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Railroad","Science and Technology","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs are organized in chronological order, with undated photographs at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The photographs are organized in chronological order, with undated photographs at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway was established through a reorganization of the bankrupt Norfolk and Western Railroad in 1896, the latter company itself having arisen from the Atlantic, Mississippi \u0026amp; Ohio Railroad, a successor to the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. In order to raise capital to pay off debt, meet its payroll and other obligations, and make continued improvements to the line, the new company issued $23 million in preferred stock, $66 million in common stock, and $62.5 million gold bonds paying four percent, secured through a consolidated mortgage to the Mercantile Trust Company of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThrough expansion and various mergers, the company grew to become a major U.S. carrier, serving 14 states. The company manufactured steam locomotives at its own Roanoke Machine Works (established in Roanoke, Virginia in 1882), and among the railroad's affiliated holdings were several hotels. In 1982, the N\u0026amp;W combined with the Southern Railway to form Norfolk Southern Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway was established through a reorganization of the bankrupt Norfolk and Western Railroad in 1896, the latter company itself having arisen from the Atlantic, Mississippi \u0026 Ohio Railroad, a successor to the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. In order to raise capital to pay off debt, meet its payroll and other obligations, and make continued improvements to the line, the new company issued $23 million in preferred stock, $66 million in common stock, and $62.5 million gold bonds paying four percent, secured through a consolidated mortgage to the Mercantile Trust Company of New York.","Through expansion and various mergers, the company grew to become a major U.S. carrier, serving 14 states. The company manufactured steam locomotives at its own Roanoke Machine Works (established in Roanoke, Virginia in 1882), and among the railroad's affiliated holdings were several hotels. In 1982, the N\u0026W combined with the Southern Railway to form Norfolk Southern Corporation."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs, Ms1997-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs, Ms1997-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInitial processing, arrangement, and description of the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs was completed in 1997. Additional description was completed in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs was completed in 1997. Additional description was completed in 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and University Archives includes many other collections relating to railroad history in this region, as well as Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad, and various subsidiaries. You can browse and search within a \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/search?smode=browse;f1-publisher=Virginia%20Polytechnic%20Institute%20and%20State%20University;expand=subject;f2-subject=Railroad\" target=\"_blank\"\u003elist of these collections online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and University Archives includes many other collections relating to railroad history in this region, as well as Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, and various subsidiaries. You can browse and search within a  list of these collections online ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fa17fa0e7d51222299b1afb965420283\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":26,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:54.031Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2060.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs","title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-1981, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-1981, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.027"],"text":["Ms.1997.027","Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Railroad","Science and Technology","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The photographs are organized in chronological order, with undated photographs at the end.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway was established through a reorganization of the bankrupt Norfolk and Western Railroad in 1896, the latter company itself having arisen from the Atlantic, Mississippi \u0026 Ohio Railroad, a successor to the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. In order to raise capital to pay off debt, meet its payroll and other obligations, and make continued improvements to the line, the new company issued $23 million in preferred stock, $66 million in common stock, and $62.5 million gold bonds paying four percent, secured through a consolidated mortgage to the Mercantile Trust Company of New York.","Through expansion and various mergers, the company grew to become a major U.S. carrier, serving 14 states. The company manufactured steam locomotives at its own Roanoke Machine Works (established in Roanoke, Virginia in 1882), and among the railroad's affiliated holdings were several hotels. In 1982, the N\u0026W combined with the Southern Railway to form Norfolk Southern Corporation.","The guide to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs was completed in 1997. Additional description was completed in 2015.","Special Collections and University Archives includes many other collections relating to railroad history in this region, as well as Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, and various subsidiaries. You can browse and search within a  list of these collections online .","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs were purchased by Special Collections in 1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Railroad","Science and Technology","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Railroad","Science and Technology","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs are organized in chronological order, with undated photographs at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The photographs are organized in chronological order, with undated photographs at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway was established through a reorganization of the bankrupt Norfolk and Western Railroad in 1896, the latter company itself having arisen from the Atlantic, Mississippi \u0026amp; Ohio Railroad, a successor to the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. In order to raise capital to pay off debt, meet its payroll and other obligations, and make continued improvements to the line, the new company issued $23 million in preferred stock, $66 million in common stock, and $62.5 million gold bonds paying four percent, secured through a consolidated mortgage to the Mercantile Trust Company of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThrough expansion and various mergers, the company grew to become a major U.S. carrier, serving 14 states. The company manufactured steam locomotives at its own Roanoke Machine Works (established in Roanoke, Virginia in 1882), and among the railroad's affiliated holdings were several hotels. In 1982, the N\u0026amp;W combined with the Southern Railway to form Norfolk Southern Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway was established through a reorganization of the bankrupt Norfolk and Western Railroad in 1896, the latter company itself having arisen from the Atlantic, Mississippi \u0026 Ohio Railroad, a successor to the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. In order to raise capital to pay off debt, meet its payroll and other obligations, and make continued improvements to the line, the new company issued $23 million in preferred stock, $66 million in common stock, and $62.5 million gold bonds paying four percent, secured through a consolidated mortgage to the Mercantile Trust Company of New York.","Through expansion and various mergers, the company grew to become a major U.S. carrier, serving 14 states. The company manufactured steam locomotives at its own Roanoke Machine Works (established in Roanoke, Virginia in 1882), and among the railroad's affiliated holdings were several hotels. In 1982, the N\u0026W combined with the Southern Railway to form Norfolk Southern Corporation."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs, Ms1997-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs, Ms1997-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInitial processing, arrangement, and description of the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs was completed in 1997. Additional description was completed in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs was completed in 1997. Additional description was completed in 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and University Archives includes many other collections relating to railroad history in this region, as well as Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad, and various subsidiaries. You can browse and search within a \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/search?smode=browse;f1-publisher=Virginia%20Polytechnic%20Institute%20and%20State%20University;expand=subject;f2-subject=Railroad\" target=\"_blank\"\u003elist of these collections online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and University Archives includes many other collections relating to railroad history in this region, as well as Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad, and various subsidiaries. You can browse and search within a  list of these collections online ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fa17fa0e7d51222299b1afb965420283\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway Company Construction Site Photographs includes approximately 360 photographs (and in some cases, photocopies of photographs) of railroad construction in Southwest Virginia. The majority of images date from 1967-1981."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Norfolk and Western Railway Company (1896-1982)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":26,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:54.031Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2060"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1936.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers","title_ssm":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"title_tesim":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1991"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1993.004"],"text":["Ms.1993.004","Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by folder title.","The guide to the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in May 2024. Initial description was created prior to 2002.","Virginia Tech University Libraries has circulating copies of the seven videotapes in this collection, under the title \"[Virginia Tech video history on nuclear developments, 1945-1963]\" (Call number: Video 4489).","This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. Five of the tapes cover four main topics in nuclear history during the period from about 1945 through 1965: weapons and the arms race, civilian vs. military control in post-World War II United States, peaceful uses of the atom and basic research, and international perspectives on research, development, and cooperation. Two additional tapes cover a two-hour public round table where the pioneers were interviewed by Jerry Bishop of the Wall Street Journal, Gloria Lubkin of Physics Today, Albert Moyer of Virginia Tech, and Paul Torgersen of Virginia Tech. ","In addition to the tapes, the collection includes supporting documentation and papers for the sessions such as event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1993.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"creators_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by folder title."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers, 1991, Ms1993-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers, 1991, Ms1993-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e in May 2024. Initial description was created prior to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in May 2024. Initial description was created prior to 2002."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech University Libraries has circulating copies of the seven videotapes in this collection, under the title \"[Virginia Tech video history on nuclear developments, 1945-1963]\" (Call number: Video 4489).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech University Libraries has circulating copies of the seven videotapes in this collection, under the title \"[Virginia Tech video history on nuclear developments, 1945-1963]\" (Call number: Video 4489)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. Five of the tapes cover four main topics in nuclear history during the period from about 1945 through 1965: weapons and the arms race, civilian vs. military control in post-World War II United States, peaceful uses of the atom and basic research, and international perspectives on research, development, and cooperation. Two additional tapes cover a two-hour public round table where the pioneers were interviewed by Jerry Bishop of the Wall Street Journal, Gloria Lubkin of Physics Today, Albert Moyer of Virginia Tech, and Paul Torgersen of Virginia Tech. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the tapes, the collection includes supporting documentation and papers for the sessions such as event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. Five of the tapes cover four main topics in nuclear history during the period from about 1945 through 1965: weapons and the arms race, civilian vs. military control in post-World War II United States, peaceful uses of the atom and basic research, and international perspectives on research, development, and cooperation. Two additional tapes cover a two-hour public round table where the pioneers were interviewed by Jerry Bishop of the Wall Street Journal, Gloria Lubkin of Physics Today, Albert Moyer of Virginia Tech, and Paul Torgersen of Virginia Tech. ","In addition to the tapes, the collection includes supporting documentation and papers for the sessions such as event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3c855582c56261e363176ef1d5656aa2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:29:01.314Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1936.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers","title_ssm":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"title_tesim":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1991"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1993.004"],"text":["Ms.1993.004","Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by folder title.","The guide to the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in May 2024. Initial description was created prior to 2002.","Virginia Tech University Libraries has circulating copies of the seven videotapes in this collection, under the title \"[Virginia Tech video history on nuclear developments, 1945-1963]\" (Call number: Video 4489).","This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. Five of the tapes cover four main topics in nuclear history during the period from about 1945 through 1965: weapons and the arms race, civilian vs. military control in post-World War II United States, peaceful uses of the atom and basic research, and international perspectives on research, development, and cooperation. Two additional tapes cover a two-hour public round table where the pioneers were interviewed by Jerry Bishop of the Wall Street Journal, Gloria Lubkin of Physics Today, Albert Moyer of Virginia Tech, and Paul Torgersen of Virginia Tech. ","In addition to the tapes, the collection includes supporting documentation and papers for the sessions such as event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1993.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"creators_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by folder title."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers, 1991, Ms1993-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers, 1991, Ms1993-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e in May 2024. Initial description was created prior to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Nuclear Pioneers: Conference on Nuclear Developments Videotapes and Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in May 2024. Initial description was created prior to 2002."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech University Libraries has circulating copies of the seven videotapes in this collection, under the title \"[Virginia Tech video history on nuclear developments, 1945-1963]\" (Call number: Video 4489).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech University Libraries has circulating copies of the seven videotapes in this collection, under the title \"[Virginia Tech video history on nuclear developments, 1945-1963]\" (Call number: Video 4489)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. Five of the tapes cover four main topics in nuclear history during the period from about 1945 through 1965: weapons and the arms race, civilian vs. military control in post-World War II United States, peaceful uses of the atom and basic research, and international perspectives on research, development, and cooperation. Two additional tapes cover a two-hour public round table where the pioneers were interviewed by Jerry Bishop of the Wall Street Journal, Gloria Lubkin of Physics Today, Albert Moyer of Virginia Tech, and Paul Torgersen of Virginia Tech. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the tapes, the collection includes supporting documentation and papers for the sessions such as event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. Five of the tapes cover four main topics in nuclear history during the period from about 1945 through 1965: weapons and the arms race, civilian vs. military control in post-World War II United States, peaceful uses of the atom and basic research, and international perspectives on research, development, and cooperation. Two additional tapes cover a two-hour public round table where the pioneers were interviewed by Jerry Bishop of the Wall Street Journal, Gloria Lubkin of Physics Today, Albert Moyer of Virginia Tech, and Paul Torgersen of Virginia Tech. ","In addition to the tapes, the collection includes supporting documentation and papers for the sessions such as event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3c855582c56261e363176ef1d5656aa2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of seven videotapes recorded at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (or Virginia Tech) in August 1991. The tapes contain interviews with six nuclear pioneers: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape, and Herbert F. York. They discuss topics such as the arms race, peaceful uses of the atom, and international perspectives on nuclear development. The collection also contains documentation and papers alongside the tapes, including event cards, partial transcripts, and planning information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Eklund, Sigvard Arne, 1911-2000","Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 1912-2002","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999","Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005","York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank), 1921-2009","Moyer, Albert E. (Albert Earl), 1945-2000","Bishop, Jerry E., 1931-2007","Lubkin, Gloria, 1933-2020","Torgersen, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1931-2015"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:29:01.314Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1936"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009","label":"Creator"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2401.xml","title_filing_ssi":"[OBSOLETE, See Ms2005-019] Phillips, William Hewitt Autobiography","title_ssm":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"title_tesim":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1995"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["ca. 1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.080"],"text":["Ms.2008.080","[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography","Science and Technology","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.080"],"normalized_title_ssm":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"collection_title_tesim":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"collection_ssim":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creators_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1995],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:37.762Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2401.xml","title_filing_ssi":"[OBSOLETE, See Ms2005-019] Phillips, William Hewitt Autobiography","title_ssm":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"title_tesim":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1995"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["ca. 1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.080"],"text":["Ms.2008.080","[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography","Science and Technology","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.080"],"normalized_title_ssm":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"collection_title_tesim":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"collection_ssim":["[OBSOLETE: Merged into Ms2005-019] William Hewitt Phillips Autobiography"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creators_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1995],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:37.762Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2401"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Osborne 1 Microcomputer","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3291.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Osborne 1 Microcomputer","title_ssm":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"title_tesim":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1982"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c. 1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Artifact.004"],"text":["Artifact.004","Osborne 1 Microcomputer","Science and Technology","Osborne 1 (Computer)","The collection is open for research.","The Osborne 1 portable microcomputer was first released in 1981. It was the first computer produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation and is generally regarded as the first commercially viable portable microcomputer.","The guide to the Osborne 1 Microcomputer by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Researchers wishing to use the Osborne 1 should schedule an appointment in advance with the University Libraries' Data Transformation Studio. Contact information for the studio is available on their website:  https://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/ .","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Osborne 1 Microcomputer commenced in August 2018 and was completed in September 2018.","Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","The computer includes the loop side of velcro fasteners where a magnifying device was previously affixed and a 3-prong to 2-prong electrical grounding adapter. There is a silver date label affixed near the handle with August 9, 1982 circled.","A repair tag from ComputerLand dated February 23, 1983 is affixed to the handle with a corresponding stub affixed to the computer casing. The stated work to be done is \"Double Density 80+ Upgrade\" for a price of US$480.00.","Permission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) for more information.","Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Artifact.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"collection_title_tesim":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"collection_ssim":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Osborne 1 (Computer)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Osborne 1 (Computer)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.3 Cubic Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":["1.3 Cubic Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Osborne 1 portable microcomputer was first released in 1981. It was the first computer produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation and is generally regarded as the first commercially viable portable microcomputer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Osborne 1 portable microcomputer was first released in 1981. It was the first computer produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation and is generally regarded as the first commercially viable portable microcomputer."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Osborne 1 Microcomputer by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Osborne 1 Microcomputer by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to use the Osborne 1 should schedule an appointment in advance with the University Libraries' Data Transformation Studio. Contact information for the studio is available on their website: \u003ca href=\"https://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Researchers wishing to use the Osborne 1 should schedule an appointment in advance with the University Libraries' Data Transformation Studio. Contact information for the studio is available on their website:  https://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/ ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Osborne 1 Microcomputer, Artifact.004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Osborne 1 Microcomputer, Artifact.004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Osborne 1 Microcomputer commenced in August 2018 and was completed in September 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Osborne 1 Microcomputer commenced in August 2018 and was completed in September 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOsborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe computer includes the loop side of velcro fasteners where a magnifying device was previously affixed and a 3-prong to 2-prong electrical grounding adapter. There is a silver date label affixed near the handle with August 9, 1982 circled.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA repair tag from ComputerLand dated February 23, 1983 is affixed to the handle with a corresponding stub affixed to the computer casing. The stated work to be done is \"Double Density 80+ Upgrade\" for a price of US$480.00.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","The computer includes the loop side of velcro fasteners where a magnifying device was previously affixed and a 3-prong to 2-prong electrical grounding adapter. There is a silver date label affixed near the handle with August 9, 1982 circled.","A repair tag from ComputerLand dated February 23, 1983 is affixed to the handle with a corresponding stub affixed to the computer casing. The stated work to be done is \"Double Density 80+ Upgrade\" for a price of US$480.00."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c97dec8bdb9f2afcec14d3405547d819\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eOsborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:19.679Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3291.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Osborne 1 Microcomputer","title_ssm":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"title_tesim":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1982"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c. 1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Artifact.004"],"text":["Artifact.004","Osborne 1 Microcomputer","Science and Technology","Osborne 1 (Computer)","The collection is open for research.","The Osborne 1 portable microcomputer was first released in 1981. It was the first computer produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation and is generally regarded as the first commercially viable portable microcomputer.","The guide to the Osborne 1 Microcomputer by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Researchers wishing to use the Osborne 1 should schedule an appointment in advance with the University Libraries' Data Transformation Studio. Contact information for the studio is available on their website:  https://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/ .","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Osborne 1 Microcomputer commenced in August 2018 and was completed in September 2018.","Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","The computer includes the loop side of velcro fasteners where a magnifying device was previously affixed and a 3-prong to 2-prong electrical grounding adapter. There is a silver date label affixed near the handle with August 9, 1982 circled.","A repair tag from ComputerLand dated February 23, 1983 is affixed to the handle with a corresponding stub affixed to the computer casing. The stated work to be done is \"Double Density 80+ Upgrade\" for a price of US$480.00.","Permission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) for more information.","Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Artifact.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"collection_title_tesim":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"collection_ssim":["Osborne 1 Microcomputer"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Osborne 1 (Computer)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Osborne 1 (Computer)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.3 Cubic Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":["1.3 Cubic Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Osborne 1 portable microcomputer was first released in 1981. It was the first computer produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation and is generally regarded as the first commercially viable portable microcomputer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Osborne 1 portable microcomputer was first released in 1981. It was the first computer produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation and is generally regarded as the first commercially viable portable microcomputer."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Osborne 1 Microcomputer by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Osborne 1 Microcomputer by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to use the Osborne 1 should schedule an appointment in advance with the University Libraries' Data Transformation Studio. Contact information for the studio is available on their website: \u003ca href=\"https://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Researchers wishing to use the Osborne 1 should schedule an appointment in advance with the University Libraries' Data Transformation Studio. Contact information for the studio is available on their website:  https://spaces.lib.vt.edu/dtstudio/ ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Osborne 1 Microcomputer, Artifact.004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Osborne 1 Microcomputer, Artifact.004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Osborne 1 Microcomputer commenced in August 2018 and was completed in September 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Osborne 1 Microcomputer commenced in August 2018 and was completed in September 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOsborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe computer includes the loop side of velcro fasteners where a magnifying device was previously affixed and a 3-prong to 2-prong electrical grounding adapter. There is a silver date label affixed near the handle with August 9, 1982 circled.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA repair tag from ComputerLand dated February 23, 1983 is affixed to the handle with a corresponding stub affixed to the computer casing. The stated work to be done is \"Double Density 80+ Upgrade\" for a price of US$480.00.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.","The computer includes the loop side of velcro fasteners where a magnifying device was previously affixed and a 3-prong to 2-prong electrical grounding adapter. There is a silver date label affixed near the handle with August 9, 1982 circled.","A repair tag from ComputerLand dated February 23, 1983 is affixed to the handle with a corresponding stub affixed to the computer casing. The stated work to be done is \"Double Density 80+ Upgrade\" for a price of US$480.00."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material found on the floppy disks must be obtained from the original software publishers or their agents. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c97dec8bdb9f2afcec14d3405547d819\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eOsborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Osborne 1 microcomputer, c. 1982, with boot disk for CP/M operating system, WordStar word processing software, Boardroom Graphics (Ver. 3.0) analytical software, and additional 5.25\" floppy disks."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:19.679Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3291"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Otis Jerome Parker Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1507.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Parker, Otis Jerome, Papers","title_ssm":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"title_tesim":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1963-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1963-1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.065"],"text":["Ms.1987.065","Otis Jerome Parker Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Inventors","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by document type, then chronologically.","Otis Jerome Parker (1918-1995), an aerospace engineer, was employed by NASA's Langley Research Center during the 1960s and 1970s. He worked in the Flight Vehicles and Systems Division during the Gemini program and was named assistant manager of Langley's Apollo Applications Program Experiments Systems in 1969. In 1971, he was assigned the same position in the Skylab program. Parker was largely involved with the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide maneuverability during astronauts' extravehicular activity in spaceflight. During his work at NASA, Parker was granted patents as inventor or co-inventor of a despin weight release mechanism, a spacecraft separation system, an ullage compensator and a flared tube strainer.","The guide to the Otis Jerome Parker Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Otis Jerome Parker Papers were completed in May 2005.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also holds a manuscript collection on Parker's brother, William Dale. The finding aid for the W. Dale Parker Papers can be found  here.","This collection contains the papers of Otis Jerome Parker, an aerospace engineer employed at NASA's Langley Research Center during the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab projects. The collection consists largely of a few NASA publications regarding the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide propulsion and maneuverability during extravehicular activity (EVA) in spaceflight. The collection also includes Langley inter-office communications regarding Parker and the projects on which he worked, as well as a small set of photographs of Parker and EVA propulsion devices. With the exception of one photograph, this collection consists of photocopied materials.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.065"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"creators_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Otis Jerome Parker Papers were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Inventors"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Inventors"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by document type, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by document type, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOtis Jerome Parker (1918-1995), an aerospace engineer, was employed by NASA's Langley Research Center during the 1960s and 1970s. He worked in the Flight Vehicles and Systems Division during the Gemini program and was named assistant manager of Langley's Apollo Applications Program Experiments Systems in 1969. In 1971, he was assigned the same position in the Skylab program. Parker was largely involved with the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide maneuverability during astronauts' extravehicular activity in spaceflight. During his work at NASA, Parker was granted patents as inventor or co-inventor of a despin weight release mechanism, a spacecraft separation system, an ullage compensator and a flared tube strainer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Otis Jerome Parker (1918-1995), an aerospace engineer, was employed by NASA's Langley Research Center during the 1960s and 1970s. He worked in the Flight Vehicles and Systems Division during the Gemini program and was named assistant manager of Langley's Apollo Applications Program Experiments Systems in 1969. In 1971, he was assigned the same position in the Skylab program. Parker was largely involved with the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide maneuverability during astronauts' extravehicular activity in spaceflight. During his work at NASA, Parker was granted patents as inventor or co-inventor of a despin weight release mechanism, a spacecraft separation system, an ullage compensator and a flared tube strainer."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Otis Jerome Parker Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Otis Jerome Parker Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Otis Jerome Parker Papers, Ms1987-065, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Otis Jerome Parker Papers, Ms1987-065, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Otis Jerome Parker Papers were completed in May 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Otis Jerome Parker Papers were completed in May 2005."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also holds a manuscript collection on Parker's brother, William Dale. The finding aid for the W. Dale Parker Papers can be found \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1718.xml\u0026amp;chunk.id=\u0026amp;toc.depth=1\u0026amp;toc.id=\u0026amp;brand=default\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehere.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also holds a manuscript collection on Parker's brother, William Dale. The finding aid for the W. Dale Parker Papers can be found  here."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Otis Jerome Parker, an aerospace engineer employed at NASA's Langley Research Center during the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab projects. The collection consists largely of a few NASA publications regarding the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide propulsion and maneuverability during extravehicular activity (EVA) in spaceflight. The collection also includes Langley inter-office communications regarding Parker and the projects on which he worked, as well as a small set of photographs of Parker and EVA propulsion devices. With the exception of one photograph, this collection consists of photocopied materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Otis Jerome Parker, an aerospace engineer employed at NASA's Langley Research Center during the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab projects. The collection consists largely of a few NASA publications regarding the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide propulsion and maneuverability during extravehicular activity (EVA) in spaceflight. The collection also includes Langley inter-office communications regarding Parker and the projects on which he worked, as well as a small set of photographs of Parker and EVA propulsion devices. With the exception of one photograph, this collection consists of photocopied materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c04351c0b6ec7363f52cb1c9ff9f62ee\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"persname_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:11.431Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1507.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Parker, Otis Jerome, Papers","title_ssm":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"title_tesim":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1963-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1963-1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.065"],"text":["Ms.1987.065","Otis Jerome Parker Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Inventors","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by document type, then chronologically.","Otis Jerome Parker (1918-1995), an aerospace engineer, was employed by NASA's Langley Research Center during the 1960s and 1970s. He worked in the Flight Vehicles and Systems Division during the Gemini program and was named assistant manager of Langley's Apollo Applications Program Experiments Systems in 1969. In 1971, he was assigned the same position in the Skylab program. Parker was largely involved with the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide maneuverability during astronauts' extravehicular activity in spaceflight. During his work at NASA, Parker was granted patents as inventor or co-inventor of a despin weight release mechanism, a spacecraft separation system, an ullage compensator and a flared tube strainer.","The guide to the Otis Jerome Parker Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Otis Jerome Parker Papers were completed in May 2005.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also holds a manuscript collection on Parker's brother, William Dale. The finding aid for the W. Dale Parker Papers can be found  here.","This collection contains the papers of Otis Jerome Parker, an aerospace engineer employed at NASA's Langley Research Center during the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab projects. The collection consists largely of a few NASA publications regarding the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide propulsion and maneuverability during extravehicular activity (EVA) in spaceflight. The collection also includes Langley inter-office communications regarding Parker and the projects on which he worked, as well as a small set of photographs of Parker and EVA propulsion devices. With the exception of one photograph, this collection consists of photocopied materials.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.065"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Otis Jerome Parker Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"creators_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Otis Jerome Parker Papers were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Inventors"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Inventors"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by document type, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by document type, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOtis Jerome Parker (1918-1995), an aerospace engineer, was employed by NASA's Langley Research Center during the 1960s and 1970s. He worked in the Flight Vehicles and Systems Division during the Gemini program and was named assistant manager of Langley's Apollo Applications Program Experiments Systems in 1969. In 1971, he was assigned the same position in the Skylab program. Parker was largely involved with the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide maneuverability during astronauts' extravehicular activity in spaceflight. During his work at NASA, Parker was granted patents as inventor or co-inventor of a despin weight release mechanism, a spacecraft separation system, an ullage compensator and a flared tube strainer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Otis Jerome Parker (1918-1995), an aerospace engineer, was employed by NASA's Langley Research Center during the 1960s and 1970s. He worked in the Flight Vehicles and Systems Division during the Gemini program and was named assistant manager of Langley's Apollo Applications Program Experiments Systems in 1969. In 1971, he was assigned the same position in the Skylab program. Parker was largely involved with the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide maneuverability during astronauts' extravehicular activity in spaceflight. During his work at NASA, Parker was granted patents as inventor or co-inventor of a despin weight release mechanism, a spacecraft separation system, an ullage compensator and a flared tube strainer."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Otis Jerome Parker Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Otis Jerome Parker Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Otis Jerome Parker Papers, Ms1987-065, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Otis Jerome Parker Papers, Ms1987-065, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Otis Jerome Parker Papers were completed in May 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Otis Jerome Parker Papers were completed in May 2005."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also holds a manuscript collection on Parker's brother, William Dale. The finding aid for the W. Dale Parker Papers can be found \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1718.xml\u0026amp;chunk.id=\u0026amp;toc.depth=1\u0026amp;toc.id=\u0026amp;brand=default\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehere.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also holds a manuscript collection on Parker's brother, William Dale. The finding aid for the W. Dale Parker Papers can be found  here."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Otis Jerome Parker, an aerospace engineer employed at NASA's Langley Research Center during the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab projects. The collection consists largely of a few NASA publications regarding the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide propulsion and maneuverability during extravehicular activity (EVA) in spaceflight. The collection also includes Langley inter-office communications regarding Parker and the projects on which he worked, as well as a small set of photographs of Parker and EVA propulsion devices. With the exception of one photograph, this collection consists of photocopied materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Otis Jerome Parker, an aerospace engineer employed at NASA's Langley Research Center during the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab projects. The collection consists largely of a few NASA publications regarding the design and development of \"jet shoes\" and other devices intended to provide propulsion and maneuverability during extravehicular activity (EVA) in spaceflight. The collection also includes Langley inter-office communications regarding Parker and the projects on which he worked, as well as a small set of photographs of Parker and EVA propulsion devices. With the exception of one photograph, this collection consists of photocopied materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c04351c0b6ec7363f52cb1c9ff9f62ee\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes the technical publications and internal communications from NASA's Langley Research Center, largely relating to Parker's work on \"jet shoes\" and other devices designed for extravehicular activity propulsion and maneuverability during the Apollo and Skylab projects."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"persname_ssim":["Parker, Otis Jerome, 1918-1995"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:11.431Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1507"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Passenger Pigeon Correspondence","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2721.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Passenger Pigeon Correspondence","title_ssm":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.082"],"text":["Ms.2011.082","Passenger Pigeon Correspondence","Faculty and staff","Ornithology","Science and Technology","University Archives","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Ralph Minthorne Brown, head librarian of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) from 1926 to 1947, was born at Fort Shaw, Montana, in 1878. He graduated from Cornell University in 1901 and served as a librarian in Chicago and Buffalo, New York before becoming chief of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey's Division of Library and Archives in 1906. He remained in that position until serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. After the war, Brown worked as an editor for Rand McNally, then for Popular Mechanics , and finally as a librarian at North Dakota State College before arriving at Virginia Tech in 1926.","When not working, Brown indulged in his many personal interests, including poetry and genealogy; he was also an avid book collector, amateur historian and naturalist. During his time in Blacksburg, Brown actively collected and recorded the history of both Virginia Tech and the New River Valley, his chief accomplishment here perhaps being the compilation of V.P.I. Historical Index, 1872-1942 . Other projects included legislative histories of both the school and Blacksburg as well as a bibliography of Matthew Fontaine Maury. Brown's interest in nature led him to keep and compile notes on local ornithological and weather observations. He frequently presented talks on these and other subjects to campus and community groups.","Brown retired from Virginia Tech in 1947 and died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 30, 1958, survived by one daughter.","The guide to the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence was completed in September 2011.","See the following materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Ralph Minthorne Brown Papers, Ms1970-002 , which includes ornithological observations","Ralph M. Brown, Library Director, Records, RG 23/1/1, on the finding aid for  Records of the Virginia Tech University Libraries, RG 23","The collection consists of Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons. ","Brown was a Virginia Tech librarian working under the request of a professor A. L. Dean of the V. P. I. Agricultural extension division. The latter had made inquiries to ornithologists regarding \"the possibility that the extermination of the passenger pigeon was caused by disease.\" ","All the six ornithologists contacted disagreed with Dean's hypothesis. \"Market hunting,\" not illness, they affirmed, brought about the end to the passenger pigeon. ","More specifically, Dr. S. C. Bishop of the University of Rochester wrote that \"so far as [he] is concerned, there [was] no particular mystery about the end of the Passenger Pigeon. It was slaughtered by the millions.\" John T. Zimmer and A. C. Bent who represent the American Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Institution, respectively, also agreed. Nonetheless, Bent offers some hope to the initial theory by noting that \"there may have been some disease or weakening from in-breeding, which brought about the end.\" Similarly the Smithsonian's Dr. A. Wetmore and Virginia's J. J. Murray provide Dean with some additional readings on ornithological history. ","Brown sent the compilation, upon completion, to Dr. W. A. Murrell of the University of Florida.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.082"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"creator_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"creators_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was transferred to Special Collections in July 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Ornithology","Science and Technology","University Archives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Ornithology","Science and Technology","University Archives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRalph Minthorne Brown, head librarian of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) from 1926 to 1947, was born at Fort Shaw, Montana, in 1878. He graduated from Cornell University in 1901 and served as a librarian in Chicago and Buffalo, New York before becoming chief of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey's Division of Library and Archives in 1906. He remained in that position until serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. After the war, Brown worked as an editor for Rand McNally, then for Popular Mechanics , and finally as a librarian at North Dakota State College before arriving at Virginia Tech in 1926.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen not working, Brown indulged in his many personal interests, including poetry and genealogy; he was also an avid book collector, amateur historian and naturalist. During his time in Blacksburg, Brown actively collected and recorded the history of both Virginia Tech and the New River Valley, his chief accomplishment here perhaps being the compilation of V.P.I. Historical Index, 1872-1942 . Other projects included legislative histories of both the school and Blacksburg as well as a bibliography of Matthew Fontaine Maury. Brown's interest in nature led him to keep and compile notes on local ornithological and weather observations. He frequently presented talks on these and other subjects to campus and community groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown retired from Virginia Tech in 1947 and died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 30, 1958, survived by one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note "],"bioghist_tesim":["Ralph Minthorne Brown, head librarian of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) from 1926 to 1947, was born at Fort Shaw, Montana, in 1878. He graduated from Cornell University in 1901 and served as a librarian in Chicago and Buffalo, New York before becoming chief of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey's Division of Library and Archives in 1906. He remained in that position until serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. After the war, Brown worked as an editor for Rand McNally, then for Popular Mechanics , and finally as a librarian at North Dakota State College before arriving at Virginia Tech in 1926.","When not working, Brown indulged in his many personal interests, including poetry and genealogy; he was also an avid book collector, amateur historian and naturalist. During his time in Blacksburg, Brown actively collected and recorded the history of both Virginia Tech and the New River Valley, his chief accomplishment here perhaps being the compilation of V.P.I. Historical Index, 1872-1942 . Other projects included legislative histories of both the school and Blacksburg as well as a bibliography of Matthew Fontaine Maury. Brown's interest in nature led him to keep and compile notes on local ornithological and weather observations. He frequently presented talks on these and other subjects to campus and community groups.","Brown retired from Virginia Tech in 1947 and died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 30, 1958, survived by one daughter."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Passenger Pigeon Correspondence, Ms2011-082, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Passenger Pigeon Correspondence, Ms2011-082, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence was completed in September 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence was completed in September 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1257.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eRalph Minthorne Brown Papers, Ms1970-002\u003c/a\u003e, which includes ornithological observations\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRalph M. Brown, Library Director, Records, RG 23/1/1, on the finding aid for \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3057.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eRecords of the Virginia Tech University Libraries, RG 23\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Ralph Minthorne Brown Papers, Ms1970-002 , which includes ornithological observations","Ralph M. Brown, Library Director, Records, RG 23/1/1, on the finding aid for  Records of the Virginia Tech University Libraries, RG 23"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown was a Virginia Tech librarian working under the request of a professor A. L. Dean of the V. P. I. Agricultural extension division. The latter had made inquiries to ornithologists regarding \"the possibility that the extermination of the passenger pigeon was caused by disease.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the six ornithologists contacted disagreed with Dean's hypothesis. \"Market hunting,\" not illness, they affirmed, brought about the end to the passenger pigeon. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMore specifically, Dr. S. C. Bishop of the University of Rochester wrote that \"so far as [he] is concerned, there [was] no particular mystery about the end of the Passenger Pigeon. It was slaughtered by the millions.\" John T. Zimmer and A. C. Bent who represent the American Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Institution, respectively, also agreed. Nonetheless, Bent offers some hope to the initial theory by noting that \"there may have been some disease or weakening from in-breeding, which brought about the end.\" Similarly the Smithsonian's Dr. A. Wetmore and Virginia's J. J. Murray provide Dean with some additional readings on ornithological history. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown sent the compilation, upon completion, to Dr. W. A. Murrell of the University of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons. ","Brown was a Virginia Tech librarian working under the request of a professor A. L. Dean of the V. P. I. Agricultural extension division. The latter had made inquiries to ornithologists regarding \"the possibility that the extermination of the passenger pigeon was caused by disease.\" ","All the six ornithologists contacted disagreed with Dean's hypothesis. \"Market hunting,\" not illness, they affirmed, brought about the end to the passenger pigeon. ","More specifically, Dr. S. C. Bishop of the University of Rochester wrote that \"so far as [he] is concerned, there [was] no particular mystery about the end of the Passenger Pigeon. It was slaughtered by the millions.\" John T. Zimmer and A. C. Bent who represent the American Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Institution, respectively, also agreed. Nonetheless, Bent offers some hope to the initial theory by noting that \"there may have been some disease or weakening from in-breeding, which brought about the end.\" Similarly the Smithsonian's Dr. A. Wetmore and Virginia's J. J. Murray provide Dean with some additional readings on ornithological history. ","Brown sent the compilation, upon completion, to Dr. W. A. Murrell of the University of Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_479767151597d4a689daedaec2474c3d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:05.280Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2721.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Passenger Pigeon Correspondence","title_ssm":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.082"],"text":["Ms.2011.082","Passenger Pigeon Correspondence","Faculty and staff","Ornithology","Science and Technology","University Archives","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Ralph Minthorne Brown, head librarian of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) from 1926 to 1947, was born at Fort Shaw, Montana, in 1878. He graduated from Cornell University in 1901 and served as a librarian in Chicago and Buffalo, New York before becoming chief of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey's Division of Library and Archives in 1906. He remained in that position until serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. After the war, Brown worked as an editor for Rand McNally, then for Popular Mechanics , and finally as a librarian at North Dakota State College before arriving at Virginia Tech in 1926.","When not working, Brown indulged in his many personal interests, including poetry and genealogy; he was also an avid book collector, amateur historian and naturalist. During his time in Blacksburg, Brown actively collected and recorded the history of both Virginia Tech and the New River Valley, his chief accomplishment here perhaps being the compilation of V.P.I. Historical Index, 1872-1942 . Other projects included legislative histories of both the school and Blacksburg as well as a bibliography of Matthew Fontaine Maury. Brown's interest in nature led him to keep and compile notes on local ornithological and weather observations. He frequently presented talks on these and other subjects to campus and community groups.","Brown retired from Virginia Tech in 1947 and died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 30, 1958, survived by one daughter.","The guide to the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence was completed in September 2011.","See the following materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Ralph Minthorne Brown Papers, Ms1970-002 , which includes ornithological observations","Ralph M. Brown, Library Director, Records, RG 23/1/1, on the finding aid for  Records of the Virginia Tech University Libraries, RG 23","The collection consists of Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons. ","Brown was a Virginia Tech librarian working under the request of a professor A. L. Dean of the V. P. I. Agricultural extension division. The latter had made inquiries to ornithologists regarding \"the possibility that the extermination of the passenger pigeon was caused by disease.\" ","All the six ornithologists contacted disagreed with Dean's hypothesis. \"Market hunting,\" not illness, they affirmed, brought about the end to the passenger pigeon. ","More specifically, Dr. S. C. Bishop of the University of Rochester wrote that \"so far as [he] is concerned, there [was] no particular mystery about the end of the Passenger Pigeon. It was slaughtered by the millions.\" John T. Zimmer and A. C. Bent who represent the American Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Institution, respectively, also agreed. Nonetheless, Bent offers some hope to the initial theory by noting that \"there may have been some disease or weakening from in-breeding, which brought about the end.\" Similarly the Smithsonian's Dr. A. Wetmore and Virginia's J. J. Murray provide Dean with some additional readings on ornithological history. ","Brown sent the compilation, upon completion, to Dr. W. A. Murrell of the University of Florida.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.082"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Passenger Pigeon Correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"creator_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"creators_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was transferred to Special Collections in July 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Ornithology","Science and Technology","University Archives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Ornithology","Science and Technology","University Archives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRalph Minthorne Brown, head librarian of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) from 1926 to 1947, was born at Fort Shaw, Montana, in 1878. He graduated from Cornell University in 1901 and served as a librarian in Chicago and Buffalo, New York before becoming chief of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey's Division of Library and Archives in 1906. He remained in that position until serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. After the war, Brown worked as an editor for Rand McNally, then for Popular Mechanics , and finally as a librarian at North Dakota State College before arriving at Virginia Tech in 1926.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen not working, Brown indulged in his many personal interests, including poetry and genealogy; he was also an avid book collector, amateur historian and naturalist. During his time in Blacksburg, Brown actively collected and recorded the history of both Virginia Tech and the New River Valley, his chief accomplishment here perhaps being the compilation of V.P.I. Historical Index, 1872-1942 . Other projects included legislative histories of both the school and Blacksburg as well as a bibliography of Matthew Fontaine Maury. Brown's interest in nature led him to keep and compile notes on local ornithological and weather observations. He frequently presented talks on these and other subjects to campus and community groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown retired from Virginia Tech in 1947 and died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 30, 1958, survived by one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note "],"bioghist_tesim":["Ralph Minthorne Brown, head librarian of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) from 1926 to 1947, was born at Fort Shaw, Montana, in 1878. He graduated from Cornell University in 1901 and served as a librarian in Chicago and Buffalo, New York before becoming chief of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey's Division of Library and Archives in 1906. He remained in that position until serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. After the war, Brown worked as an editor for Rand McNally, then for Popular Mechanics , and finally as a librarian at North Dakota State College before arriving at Virginia Tech in 1926.","When not working, Brown indulged in his many personal interests, including poetry and genealogy; he was also an avid book collector, amateur historian and naturalist. During his time in Blacksburg, Brown actively collected and recorded the history of both Virginia Tech and the New River Valley, his chief accomplishment here perhaps being the compilation of V.P.I. Historical Index, 1872-1942 . Other projects included legislative histories of both the school and Blacksburg as well as a bibliography of Matthew Fontaine Maury. Brown's interest in nature led him to keep and compile notes on local ornithological and weather observations. He frequently presented talks on these and other subjects to campus and community groups.","Brown retired from Virginia Tech in 1947 and died in Tulsa, Oklahoma on November 30, 1958, survived by one daughter."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Passenger Pigeon Correspondence, Ms2011-082, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Passenger Pigeon Correspondence, Ms2011-082, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence was completed in September 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Passenger Pigeon Correspondence was completed in September 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1257.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eRalph Minthorne Brown Papers, Ms1970-002\u003c/a\u003e, which includes ornithological observations\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRalph M. Brown, Library Director, Records, RG 23/1/1, on the finding aid for \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3057.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eRecords of the Virginia Tech University Libraries, RG 23\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Ralph Minthorne Brown Papers, Ms1970-002 , which includes ornithological observations","Ralph M. Brown, Library Director, Records, RG 23/1/1, on the finding aid for  Records of the Virginia Tech University Libraries, RG 23"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown was a Virginia Tech librarian working under the request of a professor A. L. Dean of the V. P. I. Agricultural extension division. The latter had made inquiries to ornithologists regarding \"the possibility that the extermination of the passenger pigeon was caused by disease.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the six ornithologists contacted disagreed with Dean's hypothesis. \"Market hunting,\" not illness, they affirmed, brought about the end to the passenger pigeon. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMore specifically, Dr. S. C. Bishop of the University of Rochester wrote that \"so far as [he] is concerned, there [was] no particular mystery about the end of the Passenger Pigeon. It was slaughtered by the millions.\" John T. Zimmer and A. C. Bent who represent the American Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Institution, respectively, also agreed. Nonetheless, Bent offers some hope to the initial theory by noting that \"there may have been some disease or weakening from in-breeding, which brought about the end.\" Similarly the Smithsonian's Dr. A. Wetmore and Virginia's J. J. Murray provide Dean with some additional readings on ornithological history. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown sent the compilation, upon completion, to Dr. W. A. Murrell of the University of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons. ","Brown was a Virginia Tech librarian working under the request of a professor A. L. Dean of the V. P. I. Agricultural extension division. The latter had made inquiries to ornithologists regarding \"the possibility that the extermination of the passenger pigeon was caused by disease.\" ","All the six ornithologists contacted disagreed with Dean's hypothesis. \"Market hunting,\" not illness, they affirmed, brought about the end to the passenger pigeon. ","More specifically, Dr. S. C. Bishop of the University of Rochester wrote that \"so far as [he] is concerned, there [was] no particular mystery about the end of the Passenger Pigeon. It was slaughtered by the millions.\" John T. Zimmer and A. C. Bent who represent the American Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Institution, respectively, also agreed. Nonetheless, Bent offers some hope to the initial theory by noting that \"there may have been some disease or weakening from in-breeding, which brought about the end.\" Similarly the Smithsonian's Dr. A. Wetmore and Virginia's J. J. Murray provide Dean with some additional readings on ornithological history. ","Brown sent the compilation, upon completion, to Dr. W. A. Murrell of the University of Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_479767151597d4a689daedaec2474c3d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Virginia Tech librarian Ralph Brown's 1945 compilation of correspondence on passenger pigeons."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Brown, Ralph Minthorne, 1878-1958"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:05.280Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2721"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":152},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026facet.sort=count"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Twenty-Five Years of FORTRAN\" (Exhibit, 1957-1982) International Business Machines Corporation Collection","value":"\"Twenty-Five Years of FORTRAN\" (Exhibit, 1957-1982) International Business Machines Corporation Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Twenty-Five+Years+of+FORTRAN%22+%28Exhibit%2C+1957-1982%29+International+Business+Machines+Corporation+Collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Al Gross Papers","value":"Al Gross Papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Al+Gross+Papers"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aldo Leopold Charts","value":"Aldo Leopold Charts","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Aldo+Leopold+Charts"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alfred W. 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