{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1968\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1968\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Science+and+Technology\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1968\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=8"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":8,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":74,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Al Gross Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gross, Al, d.2000","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2145.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gross, Al, Papers","title_ssm":["Al Gross Papers"],"title_tesim":["Al Gross Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.011"],"text":["Ms.2001.011","Al Gross Papers","Science and Technology","Collection is open to research.","This collection is arranged according to subject matter.","Al Gross was born in Toronto, Ontario, but was raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Known as the father of wireless communications, Gross invented the walkie-talkie in 1938 at age 20 and by 1941 the Office of Strategic Services (now known as the CIA) was eager to develop a lightweight, portable communications system for air-to-ground contact. The OSS recruited Gross and he devised the \"Joan-Eleanor System\" using Hertzian radio waves which were virtually impossible to intercept even from behind emeny lines. Gross' invention was a huge success and was praised by the US Joint Chiefs of Staff as being one of the most successful wireless intelligence gathering methods ever employed.","After the war, Gross formed the Citizens Radio Corporation and sold his units to the public, mostly to farmers and the US Coast Guard. In 1949 Gross had another breakthrough invention, the telephone pager. That same year Gross attended a medical conference in Philadelphia to introduce the pager system to doctors. Unfortunately, many of the doctors were apprehensive of the device stating it would interfere with their leisure time or upset their patients. The pager never caught on for Gross, proving he was decades ahead of his time.","Gross continued to invent for his entire lifespan, compiling 12 patents. But Gross' patents expired long before the world was ready for pagers, cell phones, and CB radio. Instead of reaping the monetary benefits of his inventions, Gross is rich in awards and recognitions. Most recently, Gross became the sixth person to be awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. Eight months later on December 28, 2000, Gross died at his Arizona home.","The guide to the Gross, Al Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","The Employment series (1944-81, n.d.) contains detailed materials from his first companies such as the Citizens Radio Corporation, Gross Communications, and Royalcall - the first telephone pager company ever. With his contributions in the wireless field, Al Gross became well known worldwide in the wireless front and companies such as True Temper and GTE Sylvania hired Gross not only for his engineering skill but for public relations as well. One example is Gross appearing on the popular television show \"To Tell the Truth\" while he worked for True Temper. Photographs of Gross on \"To Tell the Truth\" are located in the Personal Material series (1918-2000, n.d.) which also includes material spanning from Gross' Junior High School to notes on retirement. Also included are correspondence letters, resumes, and personal certificates.","The Publications series (1945-2000, n.d.) contains a comprehensive list of articles written about Gross and his work as well as articles written by Gross himself. Other publications used primarily for reference are found in the Technical Data series (1943-99, n.d.). Highlighting the series are technical diagrams, charts, and manuals. More information on the work of Al Gross can be found in the Inventions and Patents series (1909-2000, n.d.). Included in the series is a comprehensive photo collection and early drawings of inventions such as the Antenna, Citizens Transceiver, and the wrist-watch walkie-talkie. Complementing the material are photocopied patents with descriptions.","The Government series (1937-90, n.d.) includes materials from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which recruited Gross and his walkie-talkies in World War II. Also included are five folders from the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) which gave Gross the rights to the first \"Citizens Radio Service\" after World War II. The FCC also served as the distributor of radio licenses. Original and photocopied licenses of Gross can be found in the Radio Material series (1934-86, n.d.) which also includes material from his amateur radio station W8PAL such as a station log and data book.","Complementing his lifetime of work in the wireless field is a vast collection of recognitions found in the Awards, Achievements series (1959-2000, n.d.). The series includes eighteen different awards and recognitions Al Gross received including awards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) of which he was a Fellow member. Other awards of Gross are found in boxes 16, 17, and 21. More information on the IEEE can be found in the Subject Files series (1947-96, n.d.) which includes theses, stock certificates, and material highlighting Gross' visit to Virginia Tech.","The Oversize Materials series consists of items such as his awards, blueprints, and original documents which were pulled from the other series as they were too large for inclusion with other items in the series. Key items highlighting the inventor's career are on permanent exhibit in Torgerson Hall.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gross, Al, d.2000","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Al Gross Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Al Gross Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Al Gross Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"creator_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"creators_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Cubic Feet 21 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10 Cubic Feet 21 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged according to subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged according to subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAl Gross was born in Toronto, Ontario, but was raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Known as the father of wireless communications, Gross invented the walkie-talkie in 1938 at age 20 and by 1941 the Office of Strategic Services (now known as the CIA) was eager to develop a lightweight, portable communications system for air-to-ground contact. The OSS recruited Gross and he devised the \"Joan-Eleanor System\" using Hertzian radio waves which were virtually impossible to intercept even from behind emeny lines. Gross' invention was a huge success and was praised by the US Joint Chiefs of Staff as being one of the most successful wireless intelligence gathering methods ever employed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Gross formed the Citizens Radio Corporation and sold his units to the public, mostly to farmers and the US Coast Guard. In 1949 Gross had another breakthrough invention, the telephone pager. That same year Gross attended a medical conference in Philadelphia to introduce the pager system to doctors. Unfortunately, many of the doctors were apprehensive of the device stating it would interfere with their leisure time or upset their patients. The pager never caught on for Gross, proving he was decades ahead of his time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGross continued to invent for his entire lifespan, compiling 12 patents. But Gross' patents expired long before the world was ready for pagers, cell phones, and CB radio. Instead of reaping the monetary benefits of his inventions, Gross is rich in awards and recognitions. Most recently, Gross became the sixth person to be awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. Eight months later on December 28, 2000, Gross died at his Arizona home.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Al Gross was born in Toronto, Ontario, but was raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Known as the father of wireless communications, Gross invented the walkie-talkie in 1938 at age 20 and by 1941 the Office of Strategic Services (now known as the CIA) was eager to develop a lightweight, portable communications system for air-to-ground contact. The OSS recruited Gross and he devised the \"Joan-Eleanor System\" using Hertzian radio waves which were virtually impossible to intercept even from behind emeny lines. Gross' invention was a huge success and was praised by the US Joint Chiefs of Staff as being one of the most successful wireless intelligence gathering methods ever employed.","After the war, Gross formed the Citizens Radio Corporation and sold his units to the public, mostly to farmers and the US Coast Guard. In 1949 Gross had another breakthrough invention, the telephone pager. That same year Gross attended a medical conference in Philadelphia to introduce the pager system to doctors. Unfortunately, many of the doctors were apprehensive of the device stating it would interfere with their leisure time or upset their patients. The pager never caught on for Gross, proving he was decades ahead of his time.","Gross continued to invent for his entire lifespan, compiling 12 patents. But Gross' patents expired long before the world was ready for pagers, cell phones, and CB radio. Instead of reaping the monetary benefits of his inventions, Gross is rich in awards and recognitions. Most recently, Gross became the sixth person to be awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. Eight months later on December 28, 2000, Gross died at his Arizona home."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Gross, Al Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Gross, Al Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Gross, Al Papers, Ms2001-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Gross, Al Papers, Ms2001-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Employment series (1944-81, n.d.) contains detailed materials from his first companies such as the Citizens Radio Corporation, Gross Communications, and Royalcall - the first telephone pager company ever. With his contributions in the wireless field, Al Gross became well known worldwide in the wireless front and companies such as True Temper and GTE Sylvania hired Gross not only for his engineering skill but for public relations as well. One example is Gross appearing on the popular television show \"To Tell the Truth\" while he worked for True Temper. Photographs of Gross on \"To Tell the Truth\" are located in the Personal Material series (1918-2000, n.d.) which also includes material spanning from Gross' Junior High School to notes on retirement. Also included are correspondence letters, resumes, and personal certificates.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Publications series (1945-2000, n.d.) contains a comprehensive list of articles written about Gross and his work as well as articles written by Gross himself. Other publications used primarily for reference are found in the Technical Data series (1943-99, n.d.). Highlighting the series are technical diagrams, charts, and manuals. More information on the work of Al Gross can be found in the Inventions and Patents series (1909-2000, n.d.). Included in the series is a comprehensive photo collection and early drawings of inventions such as the Antenna, Citizens Transceiver, and the wrist-watch walkie-talkie. Complementing the material are photocopied patents with descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Government series (1937-90, n.d.) includes materials from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which recruited Gross and his walkie-talkies in World War II. Also included are five folders from the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) which gave Gross the rights to the first \"Citizens Radio Service\" after World War II. The FCC also served as the distributor of radio licenses. Original and photocopied licenses of Gross can be found in the Radio Material series (1934-86, n.d.) which also includes material from his amateur radio station W8PAL such as a station log and data book.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComplementing his lifetime of work in the wireless field is a vast collection of recognitions found in the Awards, Achievements series (1959-2000, n.d.). The series includes eighteen different awards and recognitions Al Gross received including awards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) of which he was a Fellow member. Other awards of Gross are found in boxes 16, 17, and 21. More information on the IEEE can be found in the Subject Files series (1947-96, n.d.) which includes theses, stock certificates, and material highlighting Gross' visit to Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Oversize Materials series consists of items such as his awards, blueprints, and original documents which were pulled from the other series as they were too large for inclusion with other items in the series. Key items highlighting the inventor's career are on permanent exhibit in Torgerson Hall.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","The Employment series (1944-81, n.d.) contains detailed materials from his first companies such as the Citizens Radio Corporation, Gross Communications, and Royalcall - the first telephone pager company ever. With his contributions in the wireless field, Al Gross became well known worldwide in the wireless front and companies such as True Temper and GTE Sylvania hired Gross not only for his engineering skill but for public relations as well. One example is Gross appearing on the popular television show \"To Tell the Truth\" while he worked for True Temper. Photographs of Gross on \"To Tell the Truth\" are located in the Personal Material series (1918-2000, n.d.) which also includes material spanning from Gross' Junior High School to notes on retirement. Also included are correspondence letters, resumes, and personal certificates.","The Publications series (1945-2000, n.d.) contains a comprehensive list of articles written about Gross and his work as well as articles written by Gross himself. Other publications used primarily for reference are found in the Technical Data series (1943-99, n.d.). Highlighting the series are technical diagrams, charts, and manuals. More information on the work of Al Gross can be found in the Inventions and Patents series (1909-2000, n.d.). Included in the series is a comprehensive photo collection and early drawings of inventions such as the Antenna, Citizens Transceiver, and the wrist-watch walkie-talkie. Complementing the material are photocopied patents with descriptions.","The Government series (1937-90, n.d.) includes materials from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which recruited Gross and his walkie-talkies in World War II. Also included are five folders from the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) which gave Gross the rights to the first \"Citizens Radio Service\" after World War II. The FCC also served as the distributor of radio licenses. Original and photocopied licenses of Gross can be found in the Radio Material series (1934-86, n.d.) which also includes material from his amateur radio station W8PAL such as a station log and data book.","Complementing his lifetime of work in the wireless field is a vast collection of recognitions found in the Awards, Achievements series (1959-2000, n.d.). The series includes eighteen different awards and recognitions Al Gross received including awards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) of which he was a Fellow member. Other awards of Gross are found in boxes 16, 17, and 21. More information on the IEEE can be found in the Subject Files series (1947-96, n.d.) which includes theses, stock certificates, and material highlighting Gross' visit to Virginia Tech.","The Oversize Materials series consists of items such as his awards, blueprints, and original documents which were pulled from the other series as they were too large for inclusion with other items in the series. Key items highlighting the inventor's career are on permanent exhibit in Torgerson Hall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4705b01ad0a8f0bc957e95d98bd1bf8f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gross, Al, d.2000"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":116,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:41:59.155Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2145.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gross, Al, Papers","title_ssm":["Al Gross Papers"],"title_tesim":["Al Gross Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.011"],"text":["Ms.2001.011","Al Gross Papers","Science and Technology","Collection is open to research.","This collection is arranged according to subject matter.","Al Gross was born in Toronto, Ontario, but was raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Known as the father of wireless communications, Gross invented the walkie-talkie in 1938 at age 20 and by 1941 the Office of Strategic Services (now known as the CIA) was eager to develop a lightweight, portable communications system for air-to-ground contact. The OSS recruited Gross and he devised the \"Joan-Eleanor System\" using Hertzian radio waves which were virtually impossible to intercept even from behind emeny lines. Gross' invention was a huge success and was praised by the US Joint Chiefs of Staff as being one of the most successful wireless intelligence gathering methods ever employed.","After the war, Gross formed the Citizens Radio Corporation and sold his units to the public, mostly to farmers and the US Coast Guard. In 1949 Gross had another breakthrough invention, the telephone pager. That same year Gross attended a medical conference in Philadelphia to introduce the pager system to doctors. Unfortunately, many of the doctors were apprehensive of the device stating it would interfere with their leisure time or upset their patients. The pager never caught on for Gross, proving he was decades ahead of his time.","Gross continued to invent for his entire lifespan, compiling 12 patents. But Gross' patents expired long before the world was ready for pagers, cell phones, and CB radio. Instead of reaping the monetary benefits of his inventions, Gross is rich in awards and recognitions. Most recently, Gross became the sixth person to be awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. Eight months later on December 28, 2000, Gross died at his Arizona home.","The guide to the Gross, Al Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","The Employment series (1944-81, n.d.) contains detailed materials from his first companies such as the Citizens Radio Corporation, Gross Communications, and Royalcall - the first telephone pager company ever. With his contributions in the wireless field, Al Gross became well known worldwide in the wireless front and companies such as True Temper and GTE Sylvania hired Gross not only for his engineering skill but for public relations as well. One example is Gross appearing on the popular television show \"To Tell the Truth\" while he worked for True Temper. Photographs of Gross on \"To Tell the Truth\" are located in the Personal Material series (1918-2000, n.d.) which also includes material spanning from Gross' Junior High School to notes on retirement. Also included are correspondence letters, resumes, and personal certificates.","The Publications series (1945-2000, n.d.) contains a comprehensive list of articles written about Gross and his work as well as articles written by Gross himself. Other publications used primarily for reference are found in the Technical Data series (1943-99, n.d.). Highlighting the series are technical diagrams, charts, and manuals. More information on the work of Al Gross can be found in the Inventions and Patents series (1909-2000, n.d.). Included in the series is a comprehensive photo collection and early drawings of inventions such as the Antenna, Citizens Transceiver, and the wrist-watch walkie-talkie. Complementing the material are photocopied patents with descriptions.","The Government series (1937-90, n.d.) includes materials from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which recruited Gross and his walkie-talkies in World War II. Also included are five folders from the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) which gave Gross the rights to the first \"Citizens Radio Service\" after World War II. The FCC also served as the distributor of radio licenses. Original and photocopied licenses of Gross can be found in the Radio Material series (1934-86, n.d.) which also includes material from his amateur radio station W8PAL such as a station log and data book.","Complementing his lifetime of work in the wireless field is a vast collection of recognitions found in the Awards, Achievements series (1959-2000, n.d.). The series includes eighteen different awards and recognitions Al Gross received including awards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) of which he was a Fellow member. Other awards of Gross are found in boxes 16, 17, and 21. More information on the IEEE can be found in the Subject Files series (1947-96, n.d.) which includes theses, stock certificates, and material highlighting Gross' visit to Virginia Tech.","The Oversize Materials series consists of items such as his awards, blueprints, and original documents which were pulled from the other series as they were too large for inclusion with other items in the series. Key items highlighting the inventor's career are on permanent exhibit in Torgerson Hall.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gross, Al, d.2000","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Al Gross Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Al Gross Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Al Gross Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"creator_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"creators_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Cubic Feet 21 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10 Cubic Feet 21 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged according to subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged according to subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAl Gross was born in Toronto, Ontario, but was raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Known as the father of wireless communications, Gross invented the walkie-talkie in 1938 at age 20 and by 1941 the Office of Strategic Services (now known as the CIA) was eager to develop a lightweight, portable communications system for air-to-ground contact. The OSS recruited Gross and he devised the \"Joan-Eleanor System\" using Hertzian radio waves which were virtually impossible to intercept even from behind emeny lines. Gross' invention was a huge success and was praised by the US Joint Chiefs of Staff as being one of the most successful wireless intelligence gathering methods ever employed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Gross formed the Citizens Radio Corporation and sold his units to the public, mostly to farmers and the US Coast Guard. In 1949 Gross had another breakthrough invention, the telephone pager. That same year Gross attended a medical conference in Philadelphia to introduce the pager system to doctors. Unfortunately, many of the doctors were apprehensive of the device stating it would interfere with their leisure time or upset their patients. The pager never caught on for Gross, proving he was decades ahead of his time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGross continued to invent for his entire lifespan, compiling 12 patents. But Gross' patents expired long before the world was ready for pagers, cell phones, and CB radio. Instead of reaping the monetary benefits of his inventions, Gross is rich in awards and recognitions. Most recently, Gross became the sixth person to be awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. Eight months later on December 28, 2000, Gross died at his Arizona home.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Al Gross was born in Toronto, Ontario, but was raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Known as the father of wireless communications, Gross invented the walkie-talkie in 1938 at age 20 and by 1941 the Office of Strategic Services (now known as the CIA) was eager to develop a lightweight, portable communications system for air-to-ground contact. The OSS recruited Gross and he devised the \"Joan-Eleanor System\" using Hertzian radio waves which were virtually impossible to intercept even from behind emeny lines. Gross' invention was a huge success and was praised by the US Joint Chiefs of Staff as being one of the most successful wireless intelligence gathering methods ever employed.","After the war, Gross formed the Citizens Radio Corporation and sold his units to the public, mostly to farmers and the US Coast Guard. In 1949 Gross had another breakthrough invention, the telephone pager. That same year Gross attended a medical conference in Philadelphia to introduce the pager system to doctors. Unfortunately, many of the doctors were apprehensive of the device stating it would interfere with their leisure time or upset their patients. The pager never caught on for Gross, proving he was decades ahead of his time.","Gross continued to invent for his entire lifespan, compiling 12 patents. But Gross' patents expired long before the world was ready for pagers, cell phones, and CB radio. Instead of reaping the monetary benefits of his inventions, Gross is rich in awards and recognitions. Most recently, Gross became the sixth person to be awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. Eight months later on December 28, 2000, Gross died at his Arizona home."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Gross, Al Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Gross, Al Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Gross, Al Papers, Ms2001-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Gross, Al Papers, Ms2001-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Employment series (1944-81, n.d.) contains detailed materials from his first companies such as the Citizens Radio Corporation, Gross Communications, and Royalcall - the first telephone pager company ever. With his contributions in the wireless field, Al Gross became well known worldwide in the wireless front and companies such as True Temper and GTE Sylvania hired Gross not only for his engineering skill but for public relations as well. One example is Gross appearing on the popular television show \"To Tell the Truth\" while he worked for True Temper. Photographs of Gross on \"To Tell the Truth\" are located in the Personal Material series (1918-2000, n.d.) which also includes material spanning from Gross' Junior High School to notes on retirement. Also included are correspondence letters, resumes, and personal certificates.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Publications series (1945-2000, n.d.) contains a comprehensive list of articles written about Gross and his work as well as articles written by Gross himself. Other publications used primarily for reference are found in the Technical Data series (1943-99, n.d.). Highlighting the series are technical diagrams, charts, and manuals. More information on the work of Al Gross can be found in the Inventions and Patents series (1909-2000, n.d.). Included in the series is a comprehensive photo collection and early drawings of inventions such as the Antenna, Citizens Transceiver, and the wrist-watch walkie-talkie. Complementing the material are photocopied patents with descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Government series (1937-90, n.d.) includes materials from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which recruited Gross and his walkie-talkies in World War II. Also included are five folders from the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) which gave Gross the rights to the first \"Citizens Radio Service\" after World War II. The FCC also served as the distributor of radio licenses. Original and photocopied licenses of Gross can be found in the Radio Material series (1934-86, n.d.) which also includes material from his amateur radio station W8PAL such as a station log and data book.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComplementing his lifetime of work in the wireless field is a vast collection of recognitions found in the Awards, Achievements series (1959-2000, n.d.). The series includes eighteen different awards and recognitions Al Gross received including awards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) of which he was a Fellow member. Other awards of Gross are found in boxes 16, 17, and 21. More information on the IEEE can be found in the Subject Files series (1947-96, n.d.) which includes theses, stock certificates, and material highlighting Gross' visit to Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Oversize Materials series consists of items such as his awards, blueprints, and original documents which were pulled from the other series as they were too large for inclusion with other items in the series. Key items highlighting the inventor's career are on permanent exhibit in Torgerson Hall.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.","The Employment series (1944-81, n.d.) contains detailed materials from his first companies such as the Citizens Radio Corporation, Gross Communications, and Royalcall - the first telephone pager company ever. With his contributions in the wireless field, Al Gross became well known worldwide in the wireless front and companies such as True Temper and GTE Sylvania hired Gross not only for his engineering skill but for public relations as well. One example is Gross appearing on the popular television show \"To Tell the Truth\" while he worked for True Temper. Photographs of Gross on \"To Tell the Truth\" are located in the Personal Material series (1918-2000, n.d.) which also includes material spanning from Gross' Junior High School to notes on retirement. Also included are correspondence letters, resumes, and personal certificates.","The Publications series (1945-2000, n.d.) contains a comprehensive list of articles written about Gross and his work as well as articles written by Gross himself. Other publications used primarily for reference are found in the Technical Data series (1943-99, n.d.). Highlighting the series are technical diagrams, charts, and manuals. More information on the work of Al Gross can be found in the Inventions and Patents series (1909-2000, n.d.). Included in the series is a comprehensive photo collection and early drawings of inventions such as the Antenna, Citizens Transceiver, and the wrist-watch walkie-talkie. Complementing the material are photocopied patents with descriptions.","The Government series (1937-90, n.d.) includes materials from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which recruited Gross and his walkie-talkies in World War II. Also included are five folders from the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) which gave Gross the rights to the first \"Citizens Radio Service\" after World War II. The FCC also served as the distributor of radio licenses. Original and photocopied licenses of Gross can be found in the Radio Material series (1934-86, n.d.) which also includes material from his amateur radio station W8PAL such as a station log and data book.","Complementing his lifetime of work in the wireless field is a vast collection of recognitions found in the Awards, Achievements series (1959-2000, n.d.). The series includes eighteen different awards and recognitions Al Gross received including awards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) of which he was a Fellow member. Other awards of Gross are found in boxes 16, 17, and 21. More information on the IEEE can be found in the Subject Files series (1947-96, n.d.) which includes theses, stock certificates, and material highlighting Gross' visit to Virginia Tech.","The Oversize Materials series consists of items such as his awards, blueprints, and original documents which were pulled from the other series as they were too large for inclusion with other items in the series. Key items highlighting the inventor's career are on permanent exhibit in Torgerson Hall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4705b01ad0a8f0bc957e95d98bd1bf8f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Al Gross papers are comprised of the following series: Employment, Publications, Inventions and Patents, Awards and Achievements, Personal Material, Technical Data, Radio Material, Government, Subject Files, and Oversize Materials. The collection also includes Gross' book collection and electronic parts. This collection contains materials relating to the significant contributions Al Gross made in the advancement of wireless technology. The collection provides a detailed look at the evolution of the walkie-talkie from a weapon against the Axis Powers in World War II to its functional and convenient purposes today. Throughout the progression of wireless technology, Al Gross remained an integral part of designing and updating wireless devices such as cellular phones and pagers to its now diminutive form using microminituarization and other scientific methods."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gross, Al, d.2000"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Gross, Al, d.2000"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":116,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:41:59.155Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2145"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1339.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hsieh, Alice Langley, Papers","title_ssm":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"title_tesim":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1979.004"],"text":["Ms.1979.004","Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,","Women -- History","Science and Technology","Collection is open for research.","The Hsieh collection consists of 8 boxes.  The collection contains three series: Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers; Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers; and Series III: Subject Files. ","Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers contains biographical information, correspondence, manuscript materials, publications, work files, and presentation notes. This series is arranged by material type. Within each material type, items are arranged chronologically, whenever possible.","Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers contains manuscript chapters from publications, as well as research notes. This series is in its orignal order.","Series III: Subject Files contains reference materials collected by Hsieh throughout her career. Topics generally related to China and other parts of Asia.  Please note:  Many items or files in this series are cross-referenced with previous series. Notes regarding cross-references are included in the item/file description. This series is arranged alphabetically by subject file title. Within each subject file, items are arranged chronologically. ","Born Alice Edith Langley, Hsieh graduated from Queens College (Flushing, New York) in 1943 and did graduate work at Clark University (history and international relations), Stanford University (history and U.S. Foreign Policy), George Washington University (law), and the University of California at Berkeley (Chinese). She became an International Relations Officer and Foreign Service Officer for the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs of the U.S. State Department (1945-1955) and was a member of the U.S. Delegation to the Far Eastern Commission (1946-1952). In 1951, she served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Political Advisor to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan.","From 1955 to 1958, Hsieh served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation and became a member of the RAND Senior Staff (1958-1969), specializing in Communist China's foreign policy, military doctrine and developments (including nuclear), internal Army-Party relations, Sino-Japanese relations, and general security matters in the Far East. ","In 1969, she joined the International and Social Studies Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) as a research staff member, continuing to specialize in the same areas. From 1971 to 1973, she was incapacitated be a serious illness, regaining a limited level of activity in the latter year. She continued to write, do research, and accumulate reference materials through 1978, but her active publication period is confined to the earlier years. Hsieh served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department throughout her later career, and appeared several times before Congressional committees, testifying on Communist China's nuclear capability and intentions, and on the development of a U.S. Anti-China anti-ballistic missile system. ","Hsieh died in November 1979.","The guide to the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers was completed prior to 2006. The exisiting paper finding aid was converted to an electronic finding aid in 2010.","The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.","Collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval.  Please contact Special Collections for further information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1979.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"collection_ssim":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Alice Langley Hsieh Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hsieh collection consists of 8 boxes.  The collection contains three series: Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers; Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers; and Series III: Subject Files. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers contains biographical information, correspondence, manuscript materials, publications, work files, and presentation notes. This series is arranged by material type. Within each material type, items are arranged chronologically, whenever possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers contains manuscript chapters from publications, as well as research notes. This series is in its orignal order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Subject Files contains reference materials collected by Hsieh throughout her career. Topics generally related to China and other parts of Asia. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Many items or files in this series are cross-referenced with previous series. Notes regarding cross-references are included in the item/file description. This series is arranged alphabetically by subject file title. Within each subject file, items are arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hsieh collection consists of 8 boxes.  The collection contains three series: Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers; Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers; and Series III: Subject Files. ","Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers contains biographical information, correspondence, manuscript materials, publications, work files, and presentation notes. This series is arranged by material type. Within each material type, items are arranged chronologically, whenever possible.","Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers contains manuscript chapters from publications, as well as research notes. This series is in its orignal order.","Series III: Subject Files contains reference materials collected by Hsieh throughout her career. Topics generally related to China and other parts of Asia.  Please note:  Many items or files in this series are cross-referenced with previous series. Notes regarding cross-references are included in the item/file description. This series is arranged alphabetically by subject file title. Within each subject file, items are arranged chronologically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn Alice Edith Langley, Hsieh graduated from Queens College (Flushing, New York) in 1943 and did graduate work at Clark University (history and international relations), Stanford University (history and U.S. Foreign Policy), George Washington University (law), and the University of California at Berkeley (Chinese). She became an International Relations Officer and Foreign Service Officer for the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs of the U.S. State Department (1945-1955) and was a member of the U.S. Delegation to the Far Eastern Commission (1946-1952). In 1951, she served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Political Advisor to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1955 to 1958, Hsieh served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation and became a member of the RAND Senior Staff (1958-1969), specializing in Communist China's foreign policy, military doctrine and developments (including nuclear), internal Army-Party relations, Sino-Japanese relations, and general security matters in the Far East. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1969, she joined the International and Social Studies Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) as a research staff member, continuing to specialize in the same areas. From 1971 to 1973, she was incapacitated be a serious illness, regaining a limited level of activity in the latter year. She continued to write, do research, and accumulate reference materials through 1978, but her active publication period is confined to the earlier years. Hsieh served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department throughout her later career, and appeared several times before Congressional committees, testifying on Communist China's nuclear capability and intentions, and on the development of a U.S. Anti-China anti-ballistic missile system. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHsieh died in November 1979.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born Alice Edith Langley, Hsieh graduated from Queens College (Flushing, New York) in 1943 and did graduate work at Clark University (history and international relations), Stanford University (history and U.S. Foreign Policy), George Washington University (law), and the University of California at Berkeley (Chinese). She became an International Relations Officer and Foreign Service Officer for the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs of the U.S. State Department (1945-1955) and was a member of the U.S. Delegation to the Far Eastern Commission (1946-1952). In 1951, she served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Political Advisor to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan.","From 1955 to 1958, Hsieh served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation and became a member of the RAND Senior Staff (1958-1969), specializing in Communist China's foreign policy, military doctrine and developments (including nuclear), internal Army-Party relations, Sino-Japanese relations, and general security matters in the Far East. ","In 1969, she joined the International and Social Studies Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) as a research staff member, continuing to specialize in the same areas. From 1971 to 1973, she was incapacitated be a serious illness, regaining a limited level of activity in the latter year. She continued to write, do research, and accumulate reference materials through 1978, but her active publication period is confined to the earlier years. Hsieh served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department throughout her later career, and appeared several times before Congressional committees, testifying on Communist China's nuclear capability and intentions, and on the development of a U.S. Anti-China anti-ballistic missile system. ","Hsieh died in November 1979."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alice Langley Hsieh Papers, Ms1979-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alice Langley Hsieh Papers, Ms1979-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers was completed prior to 2006. The exisiting paper finding aid was converted to an electronic finding aid in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers was completed prior to 2006. The exisiting paper finding aid was converted to an electronic finding aid in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5517738440ea293d728935323d2ad373\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dccefa63c932109175fa9f4cde75c4aa\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eCollection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval.\u003c/emph\u003e Please contact Special Collections for further information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval.  Please contact Special Collections for further information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:19.532Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1339.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hsieh, Alice Langley, Papers","title_ssm":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"title_tesim":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1979.004"],"text":["Ms.1979.004","Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,","Women -- History","Science and Technology","Collection is open for research.","The Hsieh collection consists of 8 boxes.  The collection contains three series: Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers; Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers; and Series III: Subject Files. ","Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers contains biographical information, correspondence, manuscript materials, publications, work files, and presentation notes. This series is arranged by material type. Within each material type, items are arranged chronologically, whenever possible.","Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers contains manuscript chapters from publications, as well as research notes. This series is in its orignal order.","Series III: Subject Files contains reference materials collected by Hsieh throughout her career. Topics generally related to China and other parts of Asia.  Please note:  Many items or files in this series are cross-referenced with previous series. Notes regarding cross-references are included in the item/file description. This series is arranged alphabetically by subject file title. Within each subject file, items are arranged chronologically. ","Born Alice Edith Langley, Hsieh graduated from Queens College (Flushing, New York) in 1943 and did graduate work at Clark University (history and international relations), Stanford University (history and U.S. Foreign Policy), George Washington University (law), and the University of California at Berkeley (Chinese). She became an International Relations Officer and Foreign Service Officer for the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs of the U.S. State Department (1945-1955) and was a member of the U.S. Delegation to the Far Eastern Commission (1946-1952). In 1951, she served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Political Advisor to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan.","From 1955 to 1958, Hsieh served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation and became a member of the RAND Senior Staff (1958-1969), specializing in Communist China's foreign policy, military doctrine and developments (including nuclear), internal Army-Party relations, Sino-Japanese relations, and general security matters in the Far East. ","In 1969, she joined the International and Social Studies Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) as a research staff member, continuing to specialize in the same areas. From 1971 to 1973, she was incapacitated be a serious illness, regaining a limited level of activity in the latter year. She continued to write, do research, and accumulate reference materials through 1978, but her active publication period is confined to the earlier years. Hsieh served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department throughout her later career, and appeared several times before Congressional committees, testifying on Communist China's nuclear capability and intentions, and on the development of a U.S. Anti-China anti-ballistic missile system. ","Hsieh died in November 1979.","The guide to the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers was completed prior to 2006. The exisiting paper finding aid was converted to an electronic finding aid in 2010.","The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.","Collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval.  Please contact Special Collections for further information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1979.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"collection_ssim":["Alice Langley Hsieh Papers,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Alice Langley Hsieh Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hsieh collection consists of 8 boxes.  The collection contains three series: Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers; Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers; and Series III: Subject Files. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers contains biographical information, correspondence, manuscript materials, publications, work files, and presentation notes. This series is arranged by material type. Within each material type, items are arranged chronologically, whenever possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers contains manuscript chapters from publications, as well as research notes. This series is in its orignal order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Subject Files contains reference materials collected by Hsieh throughout her career. Topics generally related to China and other parts of Asia. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Many items or files in this series are cross-referenced with previous series. Notes regarding cross-references are included in the item/file description. This series is arranged alphabetically by subject file title. Within each subject file, items are arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hsieh collection consists of 8 boxes.  The collection contains three series: Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers; Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers; and Series III: Subject Files. ","Series I: Alice Langley Hsieh Papers contains biographical information, correspondence, manuscript materials, publications, work files, and presentation notes. This series is arranged by material type. Within each material type, items are arranged chronologically, whenever possible.","Series II: C. Kien Hsieh Papers contains manuscript chapters from publications, as well as research notes. This series is in its orignal order.","Series III: Subject Files contains reference materials collected by Hsieh throughout her career. Topics generally related to China and other parts of Asia.  Please note:  Many items or files in this series are cross-referenced with previous series. Notes regarding cross-references are included in the item/file description. This series is arranged alphabetically by subject file title. Within each subject file, items are arranged chronologically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn Alice Edith Langley, Hsieh graduated from Queens College (Flushing, New York) in 1943 and did graduate work at Clark University (history and international relations), Stanford University (history and U.S. Foreign Policy), George Washington University (law), and the University of California at Berkeley (Chinese). She became an International Relations Officer and Foreign Service Officer for the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs of the U.S. State Department (1945-1955) and was a member of the U.S. Delegation to the Far Eastern Commission (1946-1952). In 1951, she served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Political Advisor to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1955 to 1958, Hsieh served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation and became a member of the RAND Senior Staff (1958-1969), specializing in Communist China's foreign policy, military doctrine and developments (including nuclear), internal Army-Party relations, Sino-Japanese relations, and general security matters in the Far East. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1969, she joined the International and Social Studies Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) as a research staff member, continuing to specialize in the same areas. From 1971 to 1973, she was incapacitated be a serious illness, regaining a limited level of activity in the latter year. She continued to write, do research, and accumulate reference materials through 1978, but her active publication period is confined to the earlier years. Hsieh served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department throughout her later career, and appeared several times before Congressional committees, testifying on Communist China's nuclear capability and intentions, and on the development of a U.S. Anti-China anti-ballistic missile system. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHsieh died in November 1979.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born Alice Edith Langley, Hsieh graduated from Queens College (Flushing, New York) in 1943 and did graduate work at Clark University (history and international relations), Stanford University (history and U.S. Foreign Policy), George Washington University (law), and the University of California at Berkeley (Chinese). She became an International Relations Officer and Foreign Service Officer for the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs of the U.S. State Department (1945-1955) and was a member of the U.S. Delegation to the Far Eastern Commission (1946-1952). In 1951, she served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Political Advisor to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Tokyo, Japan.","From 1955 to 1958, Hsieh served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation and became a member of the RAND Senior Staff (1958-1969), specializing in Communist China's foreign policy, military doctrine and developments (including nuclear), internal Army-Party relations, Sino-Japanese relations, and general security matters in the Far East. ","In 1969, she joined the International and Social Studies Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) as a research staff member, continuing to specialize in the same areas. From 1971 to 1973, she was incapacitated be a serious illness, regaining a limited level of activity in the latter year. She continued to write, do research, and accumulate reference materials through 1978, but her active publication period is confined to the earlier years. Hsieh served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department throughout her later career, and appeared several times before Congressional committees, testifying on Communist China's nuclear capability and intentions, and on the development of a U.S. Anti-China anti-ballistic missile system. ","Hsieh died in November 1979."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alice Langley Hsieh Papers, Ms1979-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alice Langley Hsieh Papers, Ms1979-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers was completed prior to 2006. The exisiting paper finding aid was converted to an electronic finding aid in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alice Langley Hsieh Papers was completed prior to 2006. The exisiting paper finding aid was converted to an electronic finding aid in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5517738440ea293d728935323d2ad373\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Alice Langley Hsieh collection consists of three parts: (1) the personal papers and publications of Alice Langley Hsieh (1922-1979), a U.S. State Department, RAND corporation, and Institute for the Defense Analyses specialist on the military of the People's Republic of China; (2) the manuscripts of books written by her spouse, C. Kien Hsieh, himself an authority on Communist China; and (3) collateral publications from A. L. Hsieh's library on the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), the Maoist Cultural Revolution, Chinese nuclear capability, Japanese security fources, and other Far Eastern topics and issues."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dccefa63c932109175fa9f4cde75c4aa\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eCollection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval.\u003c/emph\u003e Please contact Special Collections for further information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval.  Please contact Special Collections for further information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Hsieh, Alice Langley, 1922-1979"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:19.532Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1339"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Arthur M. Squires Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1449.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Squires, Arthur M., Papers","title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1987","1940-1987"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.006"],"text":["Ms.1987.006","Arthur M. Squires Papers","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10.","University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. ","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). ","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University. ","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. ","Author of  The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change  (1986). ","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. ","Born 1916. Died 2012.","The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.","The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.","Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: ","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note:  A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creators_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987 and 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note: There is no Box 10.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEmployment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026amp; State University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConsultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAuthor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change\u003c/emph\u003e (1986). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExpert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1916. Died 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. ","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). ","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University. ","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. ","Author of  The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change  (1986). ","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. ","Born 1916. Died 2012."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Enriched Air\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: ","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8ada9e8fb68f1484eb84e7a03592017b\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1700,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:43:53.309Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1449.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Squires, Arthur M., Papers","title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1987","1940-1987"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.006"],"text":["Ms.1987.006","Arthur M. Squires Papers","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10.","University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. ","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). ","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University. ","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. ","Author of  The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change  (1986). ","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. ","Born 1916. Died 2012.","The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.","The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.","Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: ","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note:  A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creators_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987 and 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note: There is no Box 10.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEmployment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026amp; State University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConsultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAuthor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change\u003c/emph\u003e (1986). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExpert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1916. Died 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. ","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). ","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University. ","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. ","Author of  The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change  (1986). ","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. ","Born 1916. Died 2012."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Enriched Air\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: ","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8ada9e8fb68f1484eb84e7a03592017b\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1700,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:43:53.309Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"American Brake Shoe Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2009.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.025"],"text":["Ms.1995.025","Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records","The collection is open for research.","The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).","The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.","The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel","Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 .","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company"],"creators_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","American Brake Shoe Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals from 1995-1997. One report donated in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"extent_tesim":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Condition Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History - American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex Corporation)","Biographical Note - Howard S. Avery"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e, which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/researcht/local-history/howard-s-avery/\"\u003eHoward Avery Archives\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/archival-collections/finding-aids/american-brake-shoe-foundry-collection/\"\u003eAmerican Brake Shoe \u0026amp; Foundry Collection\u003c/a\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.njdigitalhistory.org/mahwah/collections/show/17\"\u003eSome of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSA - Howard S. Avery\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eASM - American Society for Metals\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eACI - Alloy Casting Institute\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books were separated to the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?idx=\u0026amp;q=avery-abex\u0026amp;sort_by=relevance_dsc\u0026amp;count=20\u0026amp;limit=location:slg\"\u003eRare Book Collection\u003c/a\u003e and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_43927231dd0b57a808bff041f8f8a86e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_53b95e0cbb25f176806bb59ceb410b92\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company"],"persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:46.862Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2009.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.025"],"text":["Ms.1995.025","Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records","The collection is open for research.","The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).","The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.","The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel","Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 .","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company"],"creators_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","American Brake Shoe Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals from 1995-1997. One report donated in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"extent_tesim":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Condition Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History - American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex Corporation)","Biographical Note - Howard S. Avery"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e, which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/researcht/local-history/howard-s-avery/\"\u003eHoward Avery Archives\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/archival-collections/finding-aids/american-brake-shoe-foundry-collection/\"\u003eAmerican Brake Shoe \u0026amp; Foundry Collection\u003c/a\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.njdigitalhistory.org/mahwah/collections/show/17\"\u003eSome of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSA - Howard S. Avery\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eASM - American Society for Metals\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eACI - Alloy Casting Institute\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books were separated to the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?idx=\u0026amp;q=avery-abex\u0026amp;sort_by=relevance_dsc\u0026amp;count=20\u0026amp;limit=location:slg\"\u003eRare Book Collection\u003c/a\u003e and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_43927231dd0b57a808bff041f8f8a86e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_53b95e0cbb25f176806bb59ceb410b92\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company"],"persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:46.862Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Bailey-Law Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003cem\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/em\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1788.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Corson, Blake W., Jr., Papers \n","title_ssm":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"title_tesim":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1984","1934-1979"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1934-1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.055"],"text":["Ms.1990.055","Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Physics","Science and Technology","Aeronautical engineers","Physicists","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums","The collection is open for research.","This collection is organized into five series by material type.","Series I: Personal Papers, 1861-1865, 1962-1966, n.d.  includes Corson's resume, personal photographs, and materials relating to the Corson family history, genealogy, and copies of family correspondence. This series is arranged by material type.","Series II: Personal Projects, 1941-1979, n.d.  consists of research, subject files, patent forms, and extensive notes on a variety of research projects conducted by Corson outside of his work for Langley. The majority of this series surrounds two projects: \"Toward Energy Independence\" and Corson's interest in environmental clean up in the Newport News area. This series is arranged by project/topic.","Series III: Correspondence/Memorandum, 1938-1978, n.d.  contains letters to and from a variety of scientists, researchers, community members, government employees, and some corporations and agencies. In addition, there are extensive memos written reporting on projects of which Corson was a part. There is a list of major correspondents below. This series in in chronological order. ","Major correspondents in this collection include:\n A.W. Vogley Abe Silverstien Acoustics Division (Position Transfer) Admiral Ralph W. Cousins (Cleaning Up Newport News) Anita Cavagnara Associate Director (Cooperation and Research with Boeing) Bill Greathoose Booth (High Speed Tunnel) Chief Of Aerodynamics (High Speed Tunnel Reports) Chief of Compressibility Research (16ft High Speed Tunnel Rotating Seal) Chief of Compressibility Research (Project Z) Chief of Research (Mechanical Sink) Chief of Research (Propeller Projects and Papers) Chief of Research (Thermal Deiceing Propeller and Jet Driven Propeller) Clyde Lumpkin Construction Office, John D.R. Zeno (ASME Talk on Propeller Theory) David Biermann (Moffett Field/Langley Field Fans, R-2800 Engine)  Director John R. Erwin (Shadow Graph Wing Shock) Donald D. Amos (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Donald D. Baals Dr. Adolph Busemann Dr. Clinton C. Kemp E. Boxer (Compressor Noise Reduction) E. J. Manganilleo E. Johnson (Moffett Field Fans) Edgar M. Cartright Energy Research and Development Administration Engineer in Charge (High Speed Tunnel) Engineer in Charge (Servo Control) FAECT-- PAC Committee of Chapter 15 Frank Smiley (Newport News City Manager) G.W. Lewis George R. Kinney H. J. E. Reid H.B. Edwards (16 foot Wind Tunnel Fan Blades) Hamilton Standard Division Harleth G. Wiley (Research and Technology Resume Numbering System) Harry E. Shanner Henry Balfour Howard J. Osborn; Office of Patent Council LRC (Mutiple Cell Toridal Vortex Tube) Hugh L. Dryden (University Conference on Aerodynamics) J. G. McHugh J.M. Carson, Jr. (Office Patent Council) J.O. Tresansky (Office Patent Council) J.W. Crowly James B. Delanor John L. Crigler John N. Randolph (Patent, Improved Type of Crate for Bottled Beverages) John V. Becker (Moffett Field Tunnel Fans) Keffer (Langley Field Rear Propeller) L. R. Quarles (Blade Elements) Lawrence K. Loftin, Jr. (McDonnel Douglas Review) Leland B. Salters, Jr. Lindsey I . Turner (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Lowell Hasel Manned Spacecraft Center Mark R. Nichols (VTOL, FSRD) Mason (16 ft Wind Tunnel Study and Alteration) Mason (Gust Tunnel) Messick (Langley Field Rear Fan) Michael A. Chaszeyka (McDonnel Douglas Review) Mr. DeFraue (Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel) Mr.Wood (Free-Flight Tunnel) NACA/LMAL Travel Permission Norman Silvers P.W. Mangen (Hotel New Yorker) Paul Taynton (Texaco; Hydrazine in Fuel) Peninsula Planning District Commission (Cleaning Up Newport News) Planning Office of the Technical Service Division President Jimmy Carter (Energy Crisis) R.C. Platt R.J. Landberg (McDonnell Douglas Review) Ray W. Hooker (Gust Tunnel) Ribner Richard O. Carden Robert R. Gilruth S. Walter Hixton Jr. (Management Training) State Corporation Commission Sylvia Thomas (S.A.E.) Tab Smith (York County Board of Supervisors) Travel Request and Authorization U.S. Office of Patents (Purox System) Union Carbide Corporation (Cleaning up Newport News/ Towards Energy Independence) William A. Harding William A. Scheller","Series IV: Professional Projects, 1937-1984, n.d.  includes a small group of outlines and reports. This series primarily consist of five subseries, organized by topic/project, consisting of a variety of formats from Corson's work as an Aerospace Engineer with NASA. ","Subseries A: Research Tunnels includes papers and research relating to a variety of tunnels on which Corson worked (other than the 16 foot Transonic Tunnel (which is its own subseries below). ","Subseries B: Propellers and Propeller Research includes notes, graphs, calculations, and subject files on propellers and fan designs. ","Subseries C: Nozzles and Nozzle Research includes reports, notes, figures, proposals, and designs for nozzles.","Subseries D: Research Projects contains drawings, calculations, notes, and subject files on topics relating to aspects of flight and engineering, especially certain parts or processes. ","Subseries E: 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel and Research includes extensive notes, photographs, calculations, notes, and reports on one of Corson's major projects and research topics. Materials in these series, subseries, and sub-subseries are organized by topic/subject. ","Major projects in this series include: \n 19 Foot Pressure Tunnel 20 Spin Tunnel AERL Ice Tunnel Air Breathing Propulsions Systems Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central base Annular Nozzle with a Semi Toridal Base Carderock Wind Tunnel Cascade Plug Nozzle Convergent Divergent Nozzle Exhaust Nozzle and Jet Nozzle Performance High Speed Tunnel Jet Interference Program McDonnell Douglas Review Moffett Field Perforated Diffuser Nozzle Bifurcated Rotary Joint Propeller Research Tunnel Stability Tunnel Swept Wing Transonic Tunnel Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel","Series V: Publications, Journals, and Reports, 1934-1982  contains published works by Corson or collected by him for research purposes. The majority are directly related to projects on which Corson worked. This series includes six subseries, organized by type of publication (Publications, Reports, Papers, Journals, Articles, and Pamphlets, Brochures, and Directories). Materials in each subseries are organized alphabetically by title.","Family History \nBlake Wilson Corson, Sr., was born in Cumberland Virginia in 1874. Wilson Corson had five sisters. Corson attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1895. Corson married Anne Mason \"Annie\" White on April 23, 1907. ","Blake Wilson Corson, Jr., was born to Blake Wilson Corson, Sr. (1874-1962) and Anne Mason Corson (1874-1968) on October 1, 1908, in Henrico, Virginia. Corson had two youngers sisters Juidith Parker (born July 20, 1911) and Georgina White (born June 26, 1915). Blake W. Corson, Jr., married Shirley Huxter (1921-2014) on December 6, 1947. They had one daughter.","Corson, Sr., died in 1962, and Anne Corson died in 1968. They were buried together at Grace Episcopal Church.","Blake W. Corson, Jr., died at 83 on December 23, 1991. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Corson was burried in Peninsula Memorial Park Newport News. Shirley Corson died in 2014 at the age of 93.","Education and Work \nBlake W. Corson, Jr., graduated from John Marshall High School. Corson, Jr., attended the University of Richmond and earned a B.S. in Mathmatics and Physics in 1932. In 1935 Corson, Jr., began working with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the Natioanl Aeronautical and Space Association. Corson, Jr., retired in 1972. ","Patents Cascade Plug Nozzle, Filed :1974, 07, 12, Publication: 1976, 02, 17 Nozzle: Filed: 1960, 05 , 23; Publication: 1961,12,12","Publications \"The Aerodynamics of a Wind Tunnel Fan.\" NASA. 1941. \"Model Tests of a Wing-Duct System for Auxiliary Air Supply.\" NASA. 1941. \"The Belt Method for Measuring Pressure Distribution.\" NASA. 1943. \"Cooling Characteristics of a Pratt and Whitney R-2800 Engine Installed in an NACA Short-nose High-inlet-velocity Cowling.\" NASA. 1944. \"Analysis of Propeller Efficiency Losses Associated with Heated-air Thermal De-icing.\" NASA. 1946. \"The Effect of Simulated  Icing on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"Investigation of the Effect of a Tip Modification and Thermal De-icing Air Flow on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"A Review Of Propeller Theory\" NASA. 1948. \"The Langley 2,000 Horsspower propeller Dynamometer and Tests at High Speed of an NACA 10-(3)(08)-03 Two Blade Propeller\". NASA. 1952. \"Static Thrust of an Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central Base.\" NASA. 1960. \"Transonic Thrust and Drag Characteristics of an Annular Nozzle Having a Semitoroidal Concave Plug.\" NASA. 1964. \"Summary of Research on Jet Exit Installations.\" NASA. 1966. \"Calibration of the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with Test Section Air Removal.\" NASA. 1974.","Sources: \n\"Black Wilson Corson Jr.\" obituary,  Daily Press  (Newport News, Va.), Dec. 25, 1991, p. A16, available online from Newsbank at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC \"Blake Wilson Corson Sr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson \"Blake Wilson Corson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson Ancestry.com Library Edition\n","The guide to the Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to his career as an engineer at NASA Langley. Topics include aerodynamic performance of aircraft propellers and manned aircraft; wind tunnel fans, jet noise suppression, and tunnel calibration. This collection is organized into five series by material type.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley.","Please note:  The majority collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence","Johnson, E. -- Correspondence","Quarles, L. R. ","Bierman, David","Messick, Mr.","Keffer, Percy","Edwards, H. B.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.055"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"creator_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"creators_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Physics","Science and Technology","Aeronautical engineers","Physicists","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Physics","Science and Technology","Aeronautical engineers","Physicists","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.7 Cubic Feet 9 boxes; 17 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["17.7 Cubic Feet 9 boxes; 17 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into five series by material type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Personal Papers, 1861-1865, 1962-1966, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e includes Corson's resume, personal photographs, and materials relating to the Corson family history, genealogy, and copies of family correspondence. This series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Personal Projects, 1941-1979, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e consists of research, subject files, patent forms, and extensive notes on a variety of research projects conducted by Corson outside of his work for Langley. The majority of this series surrounds two projects: \"Toward Energy Independence\" and Corson's interest in environmental clean up in the Newport News area. This series is arranged by project/topic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Correspondence/Memorandum, 1938-1978, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e contains letters to and from a variety of scientists, researchers, community members, government employees, and some corporations and agencies. In addition, there are extensive memos written reporting on projects of which Corson was a part. There is a list of major correspondents below. This series in in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor correspondents in this collection include:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eA.W. Vogley\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAbe Silverstien\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAcoustics Division (Position Transfer)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAdmiral Ralph W. Cousins (Cleaning Up Newport News)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnita Cavagnara Associate Director (Cooperation and Research with Boeing)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBill Greathoose Booth (High Speed Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief Of Aerodynamics (High Speed Tunnel Reports)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Compressibility Research (16ft High Speed Tunnel Rotating Seal)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Compressibility Research (Project Z)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Research (Mechanical Sink)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Research (Propeller Projects and Papers)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Research (Thermal Deiceing Propeller and Jet Driven Propeller)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClyde Lumpkin Construction Office, John D.R. Zeno (ASME Talk on Propeller Theory)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDavid Biermann (Moffett Field/Langley Field Fans, R-2800 Engine)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e Director John R. Erwin (Shadow Graph Wing Shock)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDonald D. Amos (Oscillating Orfice Pump)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDonald D. Baals\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Adolph Busemann\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Clinton C. Kemp E. Boxer (Compressor Noise Reduction)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eE. J. Manganilleo E. Johnson (Moffett Field Fans)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEdgar M. Cartright Energy Research and Development Administration Engineer in Charge (High Speed Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEngineer in Charge (Servo Control) FAECT-- PAC Committee of Chapter 15\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFrank Smiley (Newport News City Manager)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eG.W. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeorge R. Kinney\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eH. J. E. Reid\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eH.B. Edwards (16 foot Wind Tunnel Fan Blades)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHamilton Standard Division\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarleth G. Wiley (Research and Technology Resume Numbering System)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarry E. Shanner\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHenry Balfour\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHoward J. Osborn; Office of Patent Council LRC (Mutiple Cell Toridal Vortex Tube)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHugh L. Dryden (University Conference on Aerodynamics)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ. G. McHugh\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ.M. Carson, Jr. (Office Patent Council)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ.O. Tresansky (Office Patent Council)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ.W. Crowly\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJames B. Delanor\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eJohn L. Crigler\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohn N. Randolph (Patent, Improved Type of Crate for Bottled Beverages)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohn V. Becker (Moffett Field Tunnel Fans)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKeffer (Langley Field Rear Propeller)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL. R. Quarles (Blade Elements)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLawrence K. Loftin, Jr. (McDonnel Douglas Review)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLeland B. Salters, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLindsey I . Turner (Oscillating Orfice Pump)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLowell Hasel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eManned Spacecraft Center\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMark R. Nichols (VTOL, FSRD)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMason (16 ft Wind Tunnel Study and Alteration)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMason (Gust Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMessick (Langley Field Rear Fan)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMichael A. Chaszeyka (McDonnel Douglas Review)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMr. DeFraue (Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMr.Wood (Free-Flight Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNACA/LMAL Travel Permission\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNorman Silvers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eP.W. Mangen (Hotel New Yorker)\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003ePaul Taynton (Texaco; Hydrazine in Fuel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePeninsula Planning District Commission (Cleaning Up Newport News)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePlanning Office of the Technical Service Division\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePresident Jimmy Carter (Energy Crisis)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR.C. Platt\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR.J. Landberg (McDonnell Douglas Review)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRay W. Hooker (Gust Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRibner\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRichard O. Carden\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRobert R. Gilruth\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eS. Walter Hixton Jr. (Management Training)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eState Corporation Commission\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSylvia Thomas (S.A.E.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTab Smith (York County Board of Supervisors)\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eTravel Request and Authorization U.S. Office of Patents (Purox System)\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eUnion Carbide Corporation (Cleaning up Newport News/ Towards Energy Independence)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eWilliam A. Harding\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWilliam A. Scheller\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Professional Projects, 1937-1984, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e includes a small group of outlines and reports. This series primarily consist of five subseries, organized by topic/project, consisting of a variety of formats from Corson's work as an Aerospace Engineer with NASA. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Research Tunnels includes papers and research relating to a variety of tunnels on which Corson worked (other than the 16 foot Transonic Tunnel (which is its own subseries below). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Propellers and Propeller Research includes notes, graphs, calculations, and subject files on propellers and fan designs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Nozzles and Nozzle Research includes reports, notes, figures, proposals, and designs for nozzles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Research Projects contains drawings, calculations, notes, and subject files on topics relating to aspects of flight and engineering, especially certain parts or processes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel and Research includes extensive notes, photographs, calculations, notes, and reports on one of Corson's major projects and research topics. Materials in these series, subseries, and sub-subseries are organized by topic/subject. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor projects in this series include: \n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e19 Foot Pressure Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e20 Spin Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAERL Ice Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAir Breathing Propulsions Systems\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAnnular Nozzle with a Concave Central base\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAnnular Nozzle with a Semi Toridal Base\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eCarderock Wind Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eCascade Plug Nozzle\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eConvergent Divergent Nozzle\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eExhaust Nozzle and Jet Nozzle Performance\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eHigh Speed Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eJet Interference Program\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eMcDonnell Douglas Review\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eMoffett Field\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003ePerforated Diffuser Nozzle Bifurcated Rotary Joint\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003ePropeller Research Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eStability Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eSwept Wing\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eTransonic Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eTwo Dimensional Pressure Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Publications, Journals, and Reports, 1934-1982\u003c/emph\u003e contains published works by Corson or collected by him for research purposes. The majority are directly related to projects on which Corson worked. This series includes six subseries, organized by type of publication (Publications, Reports, Papers, Journals, Articles, and Pamphlets, Brochures, and Directories). Materials in each subseries are organized alphabetically by title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into five series by material type.","Series I: Personal Papers, 1861-1865, 1962-1966, n.d.  includes Corson's resume, personal photographs, and materials relating to the Corson family history, genealogy, and copies of family correspondence. This series is arranged by material type.","Series II: Personal Projects, 1941-1979, n.d.  consists of research, subject files, patent forms, and extensive notes on a variety of research projects conducted by Corson outside of his work for Langley. The majority of this series surrounds two projects: \"Toward Energy Independence\" and Corson's interest in environmental clean up in the Newport News area. This series is arranged by project/topic.","Series III: Correspondence/Memorandum, 1938-1978, n.d.  contains letters to and from a variety of scientists, researchers, community members, government employees, and some corporations and agencies. In addition, there are extensive memos written reporting on projects of which Corson was a part. There is a list of major correspondents below. This series in in chronological order. ","Major correspondents in this collection include:\n A.W. Vogley Abe Silverstien Acoustics Division (Position Transfer) Admiral Ralph W. Cousins (Cleaning Up Newport News) Anita Cavagnara Associate Director (Cooperation and Research with Boeing) Bill Greathoose Booth (High Speed Tunnel) Chief Of Aerodynamics (High Speed Tunnel Reports) Chief of Compressibility Research (16ft High Speed Tunnel Rotating Seal) Chief of Compressibility Research (Project Z) Chief of Research (Mechanical Sink) Chief of Research (Propeller Projects and Papers) Chief of Research (Thermal Deiceing Propeller and Jet Driven Propeller) Clyde Lumpkin Construction Office, John D.R. Zeno (ASME Talk on Propeller Theory) David Biermann (Moffett Field/Langley Field Fans, R-2800 Engine)  Director John R. Erwin (Shadow Graph Wing Shock) Donald D. Amos (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Donald D. Baals Dr. Adolph Busemann Dr. Clinton C. Kemp E. Boxer (Compressor Noise Reduction) E. J. Manganilleo E. Johnson (Moffett Field Fans) Edgar M. Cartright Energy Research and Development Administration Engineer in Charge (High Speed Tunnel) Engineer in Charge (Servo Control) FAECT-- PAC Committee of Chapter 15 Frank Smiley (Newport News City Manager) G.W. Lewis George R. Kinney H. J. E. Reid H.B. Edwards (16 foot Wind Tunnel Fan Blades) Hamilton Standard Division Harleth G. Wiley (Research and Technology Resume Numbering System) Harry E. Shanner Henry Balfour Howard J. Osborn; Office of Patent Council LRC (Mutiple Cell Toridal Vortex Tube) Hugh L. Dryden (University Conference on Aerodynamics) J. G. McHugh J.M. Carson, Jr. (Office Patent Council) J.O. Tresansky (Office Patent Council) J.W. Crowly James B. Delanor John L. Crigler John N. Randolph (Patent, Improved Type of Crate for Bottled Beverages) John V. Becker (Moffett Field Tunnel Fans) Keffer (Langley Field Rear Propeller) L. R. Quarles (Blade Elements) Lawrence K. Loftin, Jr. (McDonnel Douglas Review) Leland B. Salters, Jr. Lindsey I . Turner (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Lowell Hasel Manned Spacecraft Center Mark R. Nichols (VTOL, FSRD) Mason (16 ft Wind Tunnel Study and Alteration) Mason (Gust Tunnel) Messick (Langley Field Rear Fan) Michael A. Chaszeyka (McDonnel Douglas Review) Mr. DeFraue (Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel) Mr.Wood (Free-Flight Tunnel) NACA/LMAL Travel Permission Norman Silvers P.W. Mangen (Hotel New Yorker) Paul Taynton (Texaco; Hydrazine in Fuel) Peninsula Planning District Commission (Cleaning Up Newport News) Planning Office of the Technical Service Division President Jimmy Carter (Energy Crisis) R.C. Platt R.J. Landberg (McDonnell Douglas Review) Ray W. Hooker (Gust Tunnel) Ribner Richard O. Carden Robert R. Gilruth S. Walter Hixton Jr. (Management Training) State Corporation Commission Sylvia Thomas (S.A.E.) Tab Smith (York County Board of Supervisors) Travel Request and Authorization U.S. Office of Patents (Purox System) Union Carbide Corporation (Cleaning up Newport News/ Towards Energy Independence) William A. Harding William A. Scheller","Series IV: Professional Projects, 1937-1984, n.d.  includes a small group of outlines and reports. This series primarily consist of five subseries, organized by topic/project, consisting of a variety of formats from Corson's work as an Aerospace Engineer with NASA. ","Subseries A: Research Tunnels includes papers and research relating to a variety of tunnels on which Corson worked (other than the 16 foot Transonic Tunnel (which is its own subseries below). ","Subseries B: Propellers and Propeller Research includes notes, graphs, calculations, and subject files on propellers and fan designs. ","Subseries C: Nozzles and Nozzle Research includes reports, notes, figures, proposals, and designs for nozzles.","Subseries D: Research Projects contains drawings, calculations, notes, and subject files on topics relating to aspects of flight and engineering, especially certain parts or processes. ","Subseries E: 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel and Research includes extensive notes, photographs, calculations, notes, and reports on one of Corson's major projects and research topics. Materials in these series, subseries, and sub-subseries are organized by topic/subject. ","Major projects in this series include: \n 19 Foot Pressure Tunnel 20 Spin Tunnel AERL Ice Tunnel Air Breathing Propulsions Systems Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central base Annular Nozzle with a Semi Toridal Base Carderock Wind Tunnel Cascade Plug Nozzle Convergent Divergent Nozzle Exhaust Nozzle and Jet Nozzle Performance High Speed Tunnel Jet Interference Program McDonnell Douglas Review Moffett Field Perforated Diffuser Nozzle Bifurcated Rotary Joint Propeller Research Tunnel Stability Tunnel Swept Wing Transonic Tunnel Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel","Series V: Publications, Journals, and Reports, 1934-1982  contains published works by Corson or collected by him for research purposes. The majority are directly related to projects on which Corson worked. This series includes six subseries, organized by type of publication (Publications, Reports, Papers, Journals, Articles, and Pamphlets, Brochures, and Directories). Materials in each subseries are organized alphabetically by title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFamily History\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBlake Wilson Corson, Sr., was born in Cumberland Virginia in 1874. Wilson Corson had five sisters. Corson attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1895. Corson married Anne Mason \"Annie\" White on April 23, 1907. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlake Wilson Corson, Jr., was born to Blake Wilson Corson, Sr. (1874-1962) and Anne Mason Corson (1874-1968) on October 1, 1908, in Henrico, Virginia. Corson had two youngers sisters Juidith Parker (born July 20, 1911) and Georgina White (born June 26, 1915). Blake W. Corson, Jr., married Shirley Huxter (1921-2014) on December 6, 1947. They had one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorson, Sr., died in 1962, and Anne Corson died in 1968. They were buried together at Grace Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlake W. Corson, Jr., died at 83 on December 23, 1991. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Corson was burried in Peninsula Memorial Park Newport News. Shirley Corson died in 2014 at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eEducation and Work\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBlake W. Corson, Jr., graduated from John Marshall High School. Corson, Jr., attended the University of Richmond and earned a B.S. in Mathmatics and Physics in 1932. In 1935 Corson, Jr., began working with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the Natioanl Aeronautical and Space Association. Corson, Jr., retired in 1972. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePatents\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCascade Plug Nozzle, Filed :1974, 07, 12, Publication: 1976, 02, 17\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNozzle: Filed: 1960, 05 , 23; Publication: 1961,12,12\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePublications\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Aerodynamics of a Wind Tunnel Fan.\" NASA. 1941.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Model Tests of a Wing-Duct System for Auxiliary Air Supply.\" NASA. 1941.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Belt Method for Measuring Pressure Distribution.\" NASA. 1943.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Cooling Characteristics of a Pratt and Whitney R-2800 Engine Installed in an NACA Short-nose High-inlet-velocity Cowling.\" NASA. 1944.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Analysis of Propeller Efficiency Losses Associated with Heated-air Thermal De-icing.\" NASA. 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Effect of Simulated  Icing on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Investigation of the Effect of a Tip Modification and Thermal De-icing Air Flow on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"A Review Of Propeller Theory\" NASA. 1948.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Langley 2,000 Horsspower propeller Dynamometer and Tests at High Speed of an NACA 10-(3)(08)-03 Two Blade Propeller\". NASA. 1952.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Static Thrust of an Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central Base.\" NASA. 1960.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Transonic Thrust and Drag Characteristics of an Annular Nozzle Having a Semitoroidal Concave Plug.\" NASA. 1964.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Summary of Research on Jet Exit Installations.\" NASA. 1966.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Calibration of the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with Test Section Air Removal.\" NASA. 1974.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSources:\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\n\"Black Wilson Corson Jr.\" obituary, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily Press\u003c/title\u003e (Newport News, Va.), Dec. 25, 1991, p. A16, available online from Newsbank at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC\"\u003ehttps://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Blake Wilson Corson Sr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Blake Wilson Corson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAncestry.com Library Edition\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Family History \nBlake Wilson Corson, Sr., was born in Cumberland Virginia in 1874. Wilson Corson had five sisters. Corson attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1895. Corson married Anne Mason \"Annie\" White on April 23, 1907. ","Blake Wilson Corson, Jr., was born to Blake Wilson Corson, Sr. (1874-1962) and Anne Mason Corson (1874-1968) on October 1, 1908, in Henrico, Virginia. Corson had two youngers sisters Juidith Parker (born July 20, 1911) and Georgina White (born June 26, 1915). Blake W. Corson, Jr., married Shirley Huxter (1921-2014) on December 6, 1947. They had one daughter.","Corson, Sr., died in 1962, and Anne Corson died in 1968. They were buried together at Grace Episcopal Church.","Blake W. Corson, Jr., died at 83 on December 23, 1991. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Corson was burried in Peninsula Memorial Park Newport News. Shirley Corson died in 2014 at the age of 93.","Education and Work \nBlake W. Corson, Jr., graduated from John Marshall High School. Corson, Jr., attended the University of Richmond and earned a B.S. in Mathmatics and Physics in 1932. In 1935 Corson, Jr., began working with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the Natioanl Aeronautical and Space Association. Corson, Jr., retired in 1972. ","Patents Cascade Plug Nozzle, Filed :1974, 07, 12, Publication: 1976, 02, 17 Nozzle: Filed: 1960, 05 , 23; Publication: 1961,12,12","Publications \"The Aerodynamics of a Wind Tunnel Fan.\" NASA. 1941. \"Model Tests of a Wing-Duct System for Auxiliary Air Supply.\" NASA. 1941. \"The Belt Method for Measuring Pressure Distribution.\" NASA. 1943. \"Cooling Characteristics of a Pratt and Whitney R-2800 Engine Installed in an NACA Short-nose High-inlet-velocity Cowling.\" NASA. 1944. \"Analysis of Propeller Efficiency Losses Associated with Heated-air Thermal De-icing.\" NASA. 1946. \"The Effect of Simulated  Icing on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"Investigation of the Effect of a Tip Modification and Thermal De-icing Air Flow on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"A Review Of Propeller Theory\" NASA. 1948. \"The Langley 2,000 Horsspower propeller Dynamometer and Tests at High Speed of an NACA 10-(3)(08)-03 Two Blade Propeller\". NASA. 1952. \"Static Thrust of an Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central Base.\" NASA. 1960. \"Transonic Thrust and Drag Characteristics of an Annular Nozzle Having a Semitoroidal Concave Plug.\" NASA. 1964. \"Summary of Research on Jet Exit Installations.\" NASA. 1966. \"Calibration of the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with Test Section Air Removal.\" NASA. 1974.","Sources: \n\"Black Wilson Corson Jr.\" obituary,  Daily Press  (Newport News, Va.), Dec. 25, 1991, p. A16, available online from Newsbank at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC \"Blake Wilson Corson Sr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson \"Blake Wilson Corson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson Ancestry.com Library Edition\n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers, Ms1990-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers, Ms1990-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to his career as an engineer at NASA Langley. Topics include aerodynamic performance of aircraft propellers and manned aircraft; wind tunnel fans, jet noise suppression, and tunnel calibration. This collection is organized into five series by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to his career as an engineer at NASA Langley. Topics include aerodynamic performance of aircraft propellers and manned aircraft; wind tunnel fans, jet noise suppression, and tunnel calibration. This collection is organized into five series by material type."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7a799cb0db65ef10e4ffe48a4d568355\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6b661db184ae833aebf7f839f3046ffd\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The majority collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  The majority collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence","Johnson, E. -- Correspondence","Quarles, L. R. ","Bierman, David","Messick, Mr.","Keffer, Percy","Edwards, H. B."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory"],"persname_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence","Johnson, E. -- Correspondence","Quarles, L. R. ","Bierman, David","Messick, Mr.","Keffer, Percy","Edwards, H. B."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":766,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:54.031Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1788.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Corson, Blake W., Jr., Papers \n","title_ssm":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"title_tesim":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1984","1934-1979"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1934-1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.055"],"text":["Ms.1990.055","Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Physics","Science and Technology","Aeronautical engineers","Physicists","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums","The collection is open for research.","This collection is organized into five series by material type.","Series I: Personal Papers, 1861-1865, 1962-1966, n.d.  includes Corson's resume, personal photographs, and materials relating to the Corson family history, genealogy, and copies of family correspondence. This series is arranged by material type.","Series II: Personal Projects, 1941-1979, n.d.  consists of research, subject files, patent forms, and extensive notes on a variety of research projects conducted by Corson outside of his work for Langley. The majority of this series surrounds two projects: \"Toward Energy Independence\" and Corson's interest in environmental clean up in the Newport News area. This series is arranged by project/topic.","Series III: Correspondence/Memorandum, 1938-1978, n.d.  contains letters to and from a variety of scientists, researchers, community members, government employees, and some corporations and agencies. In addition, there are extensive memos written reporting on projects of which Corson was a part. There is a list of major correspondents below. This series in in chronological order. ","Major correspondents in this collection include:\n A.W. Vogley Abe Silverstien Acoustics Division (Position Transfer) Admiral Ralph W. Cousins (Cleaning Up Newport News) Anita Cavagnara Associate Director (Cooperation and Research with Boeing) Bill Greathoose Booth (High Speed Tunnel) Chief Of Aerodynamics (High Speed Tunnel Reports) Chief of Compressibility Research (16ft High Speed Tunnel Rotating Seal) Chief of Compressibility Research (Project Z) Chief of Research (Mechanical Sink) Chief of Research (Propeller Projects and Papers) Chief of Research (Thermal Deiceing Propeller and Jet Driven Propeller) Clyde Lumpkin Construction Office, John D.R. Zeno (ASME Talk on Propeller Theory) David Biermann (Moffett Field/Langley Field Fans, R-2800 Engine)  Director John R. Erwin (Shadow Graph Wing Shock) Donald D. Amos (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Donald D. Baals Dr. Adolph Busemann Dr. Clinton C. Kemp E. Boxer (Compressor Noise Reduction) E. J. Manganilleo E. Johnson (Moffett Field Fans) Edgar M. Cartright Energy Research and Development Administration Engineer in Charge (High Speed Tunnel) Engineer in Charge (Servo Control) FAECT-- PAC Committee of Chapter 15 Frank Smiley (Newport News City Manager) G.W. Lewis George R. Kinney H. J. E. Reid H.B. Edwards (16 foot Wind Tunnel Fan Blades) Hamilton Standard Division Harleth G. Wiley (Research and Technology Resume Numbering System) Harry E. Shanner Henry Balfour Howard J. Osborn; Office of Patent Council LRC (Mutiple Cell Toridal Vortex Tube) Hugh L. Dryden (University Conference on Aerodynamics) J. G. McHugh J.M. Carson, Jr. (Office Patent Council) J.O. Tresansky (Office Patent Council) J.W. Crowly James B. Delanor John L. Crigler John N. Randolph (Patent, Improved Type of Crate for Bottled Beverages) John V. Becker (Moffett Field Tunnel Fans) Keffer (Langley Field Rear Propeller) L. R. Quarles (Blade Elements) Lawrence K. Loftin, Jr. (McDonnel Douglas Review) Leland B. Salters, Jr. Lindsey I . Turner (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Lowell Hasel Manned Spacecraft Center Mark R. Nichols (VTOL, FSRD) Mason (16 ft Wind Tunnel Study and Alteration) Mason (Gust Tunnel) Messick (Langley Field Rear Fan) Michael A. Chaszeyka (McDonnel Douglas Review) Mr. DeFraue (Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel) Mr.Wood (Free-Flight Tunnel) NACA/LMAL Travel Permission Norman Silvers P.W. Mangen (Hotel New Yorker) Paul Taynton (Texaco; Hydrazine in Fuel) Peninsula Planning District Commission (Cleaning Up Newport News) Planning Office of the Technical Service Division President Jimmy Carter (Energy Crisis) R.C. Platt R.J. Landberg (McDonnell Douglas Review) Ray W. Hooker (Gust Tunnel) Ribner Richard O. Carden Robert R. Gilruth S. Walter Hixton Jr. (Management Training) State Corporation Commission Sylvia Thomas (S.A.E.) Tab Smith (York County Board of Supervisors) Travel Request and Authorization U.S. Office of Patents (Purox System) Union Carbide Corporation (Cleaning up Newport News/ Towards Energy Independence) William A. Harding William A. Scheller","Series IV: Professional Projects, 1937-1984, n.d.  includes a small group of outlines and reports. This series primarily consist of five subseries, organized by topic/project, consisting of a variety of formats from Corson's work as an Aerospace Engineer with NASA. ","Subseries A: Research Tunnels includes papers and research relating to a variety of tunnels on which Corson worked (other than the 16 foot Transonic Tunnel (which is its own subseries below). ","Subseries B: Propellers and Propeller Research includes notes, graphs, calculations, and subject files on propellers and fan designs. ","Subseries C: Nozzles and Nozzle Research includes reports, notes, figures, proposals, and designs for nozzles.","Subseries D: Research Projects contains drawings, calculations, notes, and subject files on topics relating to aspects of flight and engineering, especially certain parts or processes. ","Subseries E: 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel and Research includes extensive notes, photographs, calculations, notes, and reports on one of Corson's major projects and research topics. Materials in these series, subseries, and sub-subseries are organized by topic/subject. ","Major projects in this series include: \n 19 Foot Pressure Tunnel 20 Spin Tunnel AERL Ice Tunnel Air Breathing Propulsions Systems Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central base Annular Nozzle with a Semi Toridal Base Carderock Wind Tunnel Cascade Plug Nozzle Convergent Divergent Nozzle Exhaust Nozzle and Jet Nozzle Performance High Speed Tunnel Jet Interference Program McDonnell Douglas Review Moffett Field Perforated Diffuser Nozzle Bifurcated Rotary Joint Propeller Research Tunnel Stability Tunnel Swept Wing Transonic Tunnel Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel","Series V: Publications, Journals, and Reports, 1934-1982  contains published works by Corson or collected by him for research purposes. The majority are directly related to projects on which Corson worked. This series includes six subseries, organized by type of publication (Publications, Reports, Papers, Journals, Articles, and Pamphlets, Brochures, and Directories). Materials in each subseries are organized alphabetically by title.","Family History \nBlake Wilson Corson, Sr., was born in Cumberland Virginia in 1874. Wilson Corson had five sisters. Corson attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1895. Corson married Anne Mason \"Annie\" White on April 23, 1907. ","Blake Wilson Corson, Jr., was born to Blake Wilson Corson, Sr. (1874-1962) and Anne Mason Corson (1874-1968) on October 1, 1908, in Henrico, Virginia. Corson had two youngers sisters Juidith Parker (born July 20, 1911) and Georgina White (born June 26, 1915). Blake W. Corson, Jr., married Shirley Huxter (1921-2014) on December 6, 1947. They had one daughter.","Corson, Sr., died in 1962, and Anne Corson died in 1968. They were buried together at Grace Episcopal Church.","Blake W. Corson, Jr., died at 83 on December 23, 1991. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Corson was burried in Peninsula Memorial Park Newport News. Shirley Corson died in 2014 at the age of 93.","Education and Work \nBlake W. Corson, Jr., graduated from John Marshall High School. Corson, Jr., attended the University of Richmond and earned a B.S. in Mathmatics and Physics in 1932. In 1935 Corson, Jr., began working with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the Natioanl Aeronautical and Space Association. Corson, Jr., retired in 1972. ","Patents Cascade Plug Nozzle, Filed :1974, 07, 12, Publication: 1976, 02, 17 Nozzle: Filed: 1960, 05 , 23; Publication: 1961,12,12","Publications \"The Aerodynamics of a Wind Tunnel Fan.\" NASA. 1941. \"Model Tests of a Wing-Duct System for Auxiliary Air Supply.\" NASA. 1941. \"The Belt Method for Measuring Pressure Distribution.\" NASA. 1943. \"Cooling Characteristics of a Pratt and Whitney R-2800 Engine Installed in an NACA Short-nose High-inlet-velocity Cowling.\" NASA. 1944. \"Analysis of Propeller Efficiency Losses Associated with Heated-air Thermal De-icing.\" NASA. 1946. \"The Effect of Simulated  Icing on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"Investigation of the Effect of a Tip Modification and Thermal De-icing Air Flow on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"A Review Of Propeller Theory\" NASA. 1948. \"The Langley 2,000 Horsspower propeller Dynamometer and Tests at High Speed of an NACA 10-(3)(08)-03 Two Blade Propeller\". NASA. 1952. \"Static Thrust of an Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central Base.\" NASA. 1960. \"Transonic Thrust and Drag Characteristics of an Annular Nozzle Having a Semitoroidal Concave Plug.\" NASA. 1964. \"Summary of Research on Jet Exit Installations.\" NASA. 1966. \"Calibration of the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with Test Section Air Removal.\" NASA. 1974.","Sources: \n\"Black Wilson Corson Jr.\" obituary,  Daily Press  (Newport News, Va.), Dec. 25, 1991, p. A16, available online from Newsbank at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC \"Blake Wilson Corson Sr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson \"Blake Wilson Corson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson Ancestry.com Library Edition\n","The guide to the Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to his career as an engineer at NASA Langley. Topics include aerodynamic performance of aircraft propellers and manned aircraft; wind tunnel fans, jet noise suppression, and tunnel calibration. This collection is organized into five series by material type.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley.","Please note:  The majority collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence","Johnson, E. -- Correspondence","Quarles, L. R. ","Bierman, David","Messick, Mr.","Keffer, Percy","Edwards, H. B.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.055"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"creator_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"creators_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Physics","Science and Technology","Aeronautical engineers","Physicists","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Physics","Science and Technology","Aeronautical engineers","Physicists","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.7 Cubic Feet 9 boxes; 17 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["17.7 Cubic Feet 9 boxes; 17 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Correspondence","Engineering Drawings","Memorandums"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into five series by material type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Personal Papers, 1861-1865, 1962-1966, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e includes Corson's resume, personal photographs, and materials relating to the Corson family history, genealogy, and copies of family correspondence. This series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Personal Projects, 1941-1979, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e consists of research, subject files, patent forms, and extensive notes on a variety of research projects conducted by Corson outside of his work for Langley. The majority of this series surrounds two projects: \"Toward Energy Independence\" and Corson's interest in environmental clean up in the Newport News area. This series is arranged by project/topic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Correspondence/Memorandum, 1938-1978, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e contains letters to and from a variety of scientists, researchers, community members, government employees, and some corporations and agencies. In addition, there are extensive memos written reporting on projects of which Corson was a part. There is a list of major correspondents below. This series in in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor correspondents in this collection include:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eA.W. Vogley\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAbe Silverstien\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAcoustics Division (Position Transfer)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAdmiral Ralph W. Cousins (Cleaning Up Newport News)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnita Cavagnara Associate Director (Cooperation and Research with Boeing)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBill Greathoose Booth (High Speed Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief Of Aerodynamics (High Speed Tunnel Reports)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Compressibility Research (16ft High Speed Tunnel Rotating Seal)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Compressibility Research (Project Z)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Research (Mechanical Sink)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Research (Propeller Projects and Papers)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChief of Research (Thermal Deiceing Propeller and Jet Driven Propeller)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClyde Lumpkin Construction Office, John D.R. Zeno (ASME Talk on Propeller Theory)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDavid Biermann (Moffett Field/Langley Field Fans, R-2800 Engine)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e Director John R. Erwin (Shadow Graph Wing Shock)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDonald D. Amos (Oscillating Orfice Pump)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDonald D. Baals\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Adolph Busemann\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Clinton C. Kemp E. Boxer (Compressor Noise Reduction)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eE. J. Manganilleo E. Johnson (Moffett Field Fans)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEdgar M. Cartright Energy Research and Development Administration Engineer in Charge (High Speed Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEngineer in Charge (Servo Control) FAECT-- PAC Committee of Chapter 15\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFrank Smiley (Newport News City Manager)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eG.W. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeorge R. Kinney\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eH. J. E. Reid\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eH.B. Edwards (16 foot Wind Tunnel Fan Blades)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHamilton Standard Division\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarleth G. Wiley (Research and Technology Resume Numbering System)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarry E. Shanner\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHenry Balfour\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHoward J. Osborn; Office of Patent Council LRC (Mutiple Cell Toridal Vortex Tube)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHugh L. Dryden (University Conference on Aerodynamics)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ. G. McHugh\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ.M. Carson, Jr. (Office Patent Council)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ.O. Tresansky (Office Patent Council)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJ.W. Crowly\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJames B. Delanor\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eJohn L. Crigler\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohn N. Randolph (Patent, Improved Type of Crate for Bottled Beverages)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohn V. Becker (Moffett Field Tunnel Fans)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKeffer (Langley Field Rear Propeller)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL. R. Quarles (Blade Elements)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLawrence K. Loftin, Jr. (McDonnel Douglas Review)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLeland B. Salters, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLindsey I . Turner (Oscillating Orfice Pump)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLowell Hasel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eManned Spacecraft Center\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMark R. Nichols (VTOL, FSRD)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMason (16 ft Wind Tunnel Study and Alteration)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMason (Gust Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMessick (Langley Field Rear Fan)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMichael A. Chaszeyka (McDonnel Douglas Review)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMr. DeFraue (Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMr.Wood (Free-Flight Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNACA/LMAL Travel Permission\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNorman Silvers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eP.W. Mangen (Hotel New Yorker)\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003ePaul Taynton (Texaco; Hydrazine in Fuel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePeninsula Planning District Commission (Cleaning Up Newport News)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePlanning Office of the Technical Service Division\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePresident Jimmy Carter (Energy Crisis)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR.C. Platt\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR.J. Landberg (McDonnell Douglas Review)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRay W. Hooker (Gust Tunnel)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRibner\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRichard O. Carden\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRobert R. Gilruth\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eS. Walter Hixton Jr. (Management Training)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eState Corporation Commission\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSylvia Thomas (S.A.E.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTab Smith (York County Board of Supervisors)\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eTravel Request and Authorization U.S. Office of Patents (Purox System)\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eUnion Carbide Corporation (Cleaning up Newport News/ Towards Energy Independence)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eWilliam A. Harding\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWilliam A. Scheller\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Professional Projects, 1937-1984, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e includes a small group of outlines and reports. This series primarily consist of five subseries, organized by topic/project, consisting of a variety of formats from Corson's work as an Aerospace Engineer with NASA. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Research Tunnels includes papers and research relating to a variety of tunnels on which Corson worked (other than the 16 foot Transonic Tunnel (which is its own subseries below). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Propellers and Propeller Research includes notes, graphs, calculations, and subject files on propellers and fan designs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Nozzles and Nozzle Research includes reports, notes, figures, proposals, and designs for nozzles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Research Projects contains drawings, calculations, notes, and subject files on topics relating to aspects of flight and engineering, especially certain parts or processes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel and Research includes extensive notes, photographs, calculations, notes, and reports on one of Corson's major projects and research topics. Materials in these series, subseries, and sub-subseries are organized by topic/subject. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor projects in this series include: \n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e19 Foot Pressure Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e20 Spin Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAERL Ice Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAir Breathing Propulsions Systems\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAnnular Nozzle with a Concave Central base\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eAnnular Nozzle with a Semi Toridal Base\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eCarderock Wind Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eCascade Plug Nozzle\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eConvergent Divergent Nozzle\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eExhaust Nozzle and Jet Nozzle Performance\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eHigh Speed Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eJet Interference Program\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eMcDonnell Douglas Review\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eMoffett Field\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003ePerforated Diffuser Nozzle Bifurcated Rotary Joint\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003ePropeller Research Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eStability Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eSwept Wing\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eTransonic Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eTwo Dimensional Pressure Tunnel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Publications, Journals, and Reports, 1934-1982\u003c/emph\u003e contains published works by Corson or collected by him for research purposes. The majority are directly related to projects on which Corson worked. This series includes six subseries, organized by type of publication (Publications, Reports, Papers, Journals, Articles, and Pamphlets, Brochures, and Directories). Materials in each subseries are organized alphabetically by title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into five series by material type.","Series I: Personal Papers, 1861-1865, 1962-1966, n.d.  includes Corson's resume, personal photographs, and materials relating to the Corson family history, genealogy, and copies of family correspondence. This series is arranged by material type.","Series II: Personal Projects, 1941-1979, n.d.  consists of research, subject files, patent forms, and extensive notes on a variety of research projects conducted by Corson outside of his work for Langley. The majority of this series surrounds two projects: \"Toward Energy Independence\" and Corson's interest in environmental clean up in the Newport News area. This series is arranged by project/topic.","Series III: Correspondence/Memorandum, 1938-1978, n.d.  contains letters to and from a variety of scientists, researchers, community members, government employees, and some corporations and agencies. In addition, there are extensive memos written reporting on projects of which Corson was a part. There is a list of major correspondents below. This series in in chronological order. ","Major correspondents in this collection include:\n A.W. Vogley Abe Silverstien Acoustics Division (Position Transfer) Admiral Ralph W. Cousins (Cleaning Up Newport News) Anita Cavagnara Associate Director (Cooperation and Research with Boeing) Bill Greathoose Booth (High Speed Tunnel) Chief Of Aerodynamics (High Speed Tunnel Reports) Chief of Compressibility Research (16ft High Speed Tunnel Rotating Seal) Chief of Compressibility Research (Project Z) Chief of Research (Mechanical Sink) Chief of Research (Propeller Projects and Papers) Chief of Research (Thermal Deiceing Propeller and Jet Driven Propeller) Clyde Lumpkin Construction Office, John D.R. Zeno (ASME Talk on Propeller Theory) David Biermann (Moffett Field/Langley Field Fans, R-2800 Engine)  Director John R. Erwin (Shadow Graph Wing Shock) Donald D. Amos (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Donald D. Baals Dr. Adolph Busemann Dr. Clinton C. Kemp E. Boxer (Compressor Noise Reduction) E. J. Manganilleo E. Johnson (Moffett Field Fans) Edgar M. Cartright Energy Research and Development Administration Engineer in Charge (High Speed Tunnel) Engineer in Charge (Servo Control) FAECT-- PAC Committee of Chapter 15 Frank Smiley (Newport News City Manager) G.W. Lewis George R. Kinney H. J. E. Reid H.B. Edwards (16 foot Wind Tunnel Fan Blades) Hamilton Standard Division Harleth G. Wiley (Research and Technology Resume Numbering System) Harry E. Shanner Henry Balfour Howard J. Osborn; Office of Patent Council LRC (Mutiple Cell Toridal Vortex Tube) Hugh L. Dryden (University Conference on Aerodynamics) J. G. McHugh J.M. Carson, Jr. (Office Patent Council) J.O. Tresansky (Office Patent Council) J.W. Crowly James B. Delanor John L. Crigler John N. Randolph (Patent, Improved Type of Crate for Bottled Beverages) John V. Becker (Moffett Field Tunnel Fans) Keffer (Langley Field Rear Propeller) L. R. Quarles (Blade Elements) Lawrence K. Loftin, Jr. (McDonnel Douglas Review) Leland B. Salters, Jr. Lindsey I . Turner (Oscillating Orfice Pump) Lowell Hasel Manned Spacecraft Center Mark R. Nichols (VTOL, FSRD) Mason (16 ft Wind Tunnel Study and Alteration) Mason (Gust Tunnel) Messick (Langley Field Rear Fan) Michael A. Chaszeyka (McDonnel Douglas Review) Mr. DeFraue (Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel) Mr.Wood (Free-Flight Tunnel) NACA/LMAL Travel Permission Norman Silvers P.W. Mangen (Hotel New Yorker) Paul Taynton (Texaco; Hydrazine in Fuel) Peninsula Planning District Commission (Cleaning Up Newport News) Planning Office of the Technical Service Division President Jimmy Carter (Energy Crisis) R.C. Platt R.J. Landberg (McDonnell Douglas Review) Ray W. Hooker (Gust Tunnel) Ribner Richard O. Carden Robert R. Gilruth S. Walter Hixton Jr. (Management Training) State Corporation Commission Sylvia Thomas (S.A.E.) Tab Smith (York County Board of Supervisors) Travel Request and Authorization U.S. Office of Patents (Purox System) Union Carbide Corporation (Cleaning up Newport News/ Towards Energy Independence) William A. Harding William A. Scheller","Series IV: Professional Projects, 1937-1984, n.d.  includes a small group of outlines and reports. This series primarily consist of five subseries, organized by topic/project, consisting of a variety of formats from Corson's work as an Aerospace Engineer with NASA. ","Subseries A: Research Tunnels includes papers and research relating to a variety of tunnels on which Corson worked (other than the 16 foot Transonic Tunnel (which is its own subseries below). ","Subseries B: Propellers and Propeller Research includes notes, graphs, calculations, and subject files on propellers and fan designs. ","Subseries C: Nozzles and Nozzle Research includes reports, notes, figures, proposals, and designs for nozzles.","Subseries D: Research Projects contains drawings, calculations, notes, and subject files on topics relating to aspects of flight and engineering, especially certain parts or processes. ","Subseries E: 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel and Research includes extensive notes, photographs, calculations, notes, and reports on one of Corson's major projects and research topics. Materials in these series, subseries, and sub-subseries are organized by topic/subject. ","Major projects in this series include: \n 19 Foot Pressure Tunnel 20 Spin Tunnel AERL Ice Tunnel Air Breathing Propulsions Systems Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central base Annular Nozzle with a Semi Toridal Base Carderock Wind Tunnel Cascade Plug Nozzle Convergent Divergent Nozzle Exhaust Nozzle and Jet Nozzle Performance High Speed Tunnel Jet Interference Program McDonnell Douglas Review Moffett Field Perforated Diffuser Nozzle Bifurcated Rotary Joint Propeller Research Tunnel Stability Tunnel Swept Wing Transonic Tunnel Two Dimensional Pressure Tunnel","Series V: Publications, Journals, and Reports, 1934-1982  contains published works by Corson or collected by him for research purposes. The majority are directly related to projects on which Corson worked. This series includes six subseries, organized by type of publication (Publications, Reports, Papers, Journals, Articles, and Pamphlets, Brochures, and Directories). Materials in each subseries are organized alphabetically by title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFamily History\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBlake Wilson Corson, Sr., was born in Cumberland Virginia in 1874. Wilson Corson had five sisters. Corson attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1895. Corson married Anne Mason \"Annie\" White on April 23, 1907. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlake Wilson Corson, Jr., was born to Blake Wilson Corson, Sr. (1874-1962) and Anne Mason Corson (1874-1968) on October 1, 1908, in Henrico, Virginia. Corson had two youngers sisters Juidith Parker (born July 20, 1911) and Georgina White (born June 26, 1915). Blake W. Corson, Jr., married Shirley Huxter (1921-2014) on December 6, 1947. They had one daughter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorson, Sr., died in 1962, and Anne Corson died in 1968. They were buried together at Grace Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlake W. Corson, Jr., died at 83 on December 23, 1991. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Corson was burried in Peninsula Memorial Park Newport News. Shirley Corson died in 2014 at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eEducation and Work\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBlake W. Corson, Jr., graduated from John Marshall High School. Corson, Jr., attended the University of Richmond and earned a B.S. in Mathmatics and Physics in 1932. In 1935 Corson, Jr., began working with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the Natioanl Aeronautical and Space Association. Corson, Jr., retired in 1972. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePatents\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCascade Plug Nozzle, Filed :1974, 07, 12, Publication: 1976, 02, 17\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNozzle: Filed: 1960, 05 , 23; Publication: 1961,12,12\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePublications\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Aerodynamics of a Wind Tunnel Fan.\" NASA. 1941.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Model Tests of a Wing-Duct System for Auxiliary Air Supply.\" NASA. 1941.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Belt Method for Measuring Pressure Distribution.\" NASA. 1943.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Cooling Characteristics of a Pratt and Whitney R-2800 Engine Installed in an NACA Short-nose High-inlet-velocity Cowling.\" NASA. 1944.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Analysis of Propeller Efficiency Losses Associated with Heated-air Thermal De-icing.\" NASA. 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Effect of Simulated  Icing on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Investigation of the Effect of a Tip Modification and Thermal De-icing Air Flow on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"A Review Of Propeller Theory\" NASA. 1948.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Langley 2,000 Horsspower propeller Dynamometer and Tests at High Speed of an NACA 10-(3)(08)-03 Two Blade Propeller\". NASA. 1952.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Static Thrust of an Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central Base.\" NASA. 1960.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Transonic Thrust and Drag Characteristics of an Annular Nozzle Having a Semitoroidal Concave Plug.\" NASA. 1964.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Summary of Research on Jet Exit Installations.\" NASA. 1966.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Calibration of the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with Test Section Air Removal.\" NASA. 1974.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSources:\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\n\"Black Wilson Corson Jr.\" obituary, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily Press\u003c/title\u003e (Newport News, Va.), Dec. 25, 1991, p. A16, available online from Newsbank at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC\"\u003ehttps://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Blake Wilson Corson Sr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Blake Wilson Corson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAncestry.com Library Edition\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Family History \nBlake Wilson Corson, Sr., was born in Cumberland Virginia in 1874. Wilson Corson had five sisters. Corson attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1895. Corson married Anne Mason \"Annie\" White on April 23, 1907. ","Blake Wilson Corson, Jr., was born to Blake Wilson Corson, Sr. (1874-1962) and Anne Mason Corson (1874-1968) on October 1, 1908, in Henrico, Virginia. Corson had two youngers sisters Juidith Parker (born July 20, 1911) and Georgina White (born June 26, 1915). Blake W. Corson, Jr., married Shirley Huxter (1921-2014) on December 6, 1947. They had one daughter.","Corson, Sr., died in 1962, and Anne Corson died in 1968. They were buried together at Grace Episcopal Church.","Blake W. Corson, Jr., died at 83 on December 23, 1991. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Corson was burried in Peninsula Memorial Park Newport News. Shirley Corson died in 2014 at the age of 93.","Education and Work \nBlake W. Corson, Jr., graduated from John Marshall High School. Corson, Jr., attended the University of Richmond and earned a B.S. in Mathmatics and Physics in 1932. In 1935 Corson, Jr., began working with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the Natioanl Aeronautical and Space Association. Corson, Jr., retired in 1972. ","Patents Cascade Plug Nozzle, Filed :1974, 07, 12, Publication: 1976, 02, 17 Nozzle: Filed: 1960, 05 , 23; Publication: 1961,12,12","Publications \"The Aerodynamics of a Wind Tunnel Fan.\" NASA. 1941. \"Model Tests of a Wing-Duct System for Auxiliary Air Supply.\" NASA. 1941. \"The Belt Method for Measuring Pressure Distribution.\" NASA. 1943. \"Cooling Characteristics of a Pratt and Whitney R-2800 Engine Installed in an NACA Short-nose High-inlet-velocity Cowling.\" NASA. 1944. \"Analysis of Propeller Efficiency Losses Associated with Heated-air Thermal De-icing.\" NASA. 1946. \"The Effect of Simulated  Icing on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"Investigation of the Effect of a Tip Modification and Thermal De-icing Air Flow on Propeller Performance.\" NASA. 1946. \"A Review Of Propeller Theory\" NASA. 1948. \"The Langley 2,000 Horsspower propeller Dynamometer and Tests at High Speed of an NACA 10-(3)(08)-03 Two Blade Propeller\". NASA. 1952. \"Static Thrust of an Annular Nozzle with a Concave Central Base.\" NASA. 1960. \"Transonic Thrust and Drag Characteristics of an Annular Nozzle Having a Semitoroidal Concave Plug.\" NASA. 1964. \"Summary of Research on Jet Exit Installations.\" NASA. 1966. \"Calibration of the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with Test Section Air Removal.\" NASA. 1974.","Sources: \n\"Black Wilson Corson Jr.\" obituary,  Daily Press  (Newport News, Va.), Dec. 25, 1991, p. A16, available online from Newsbank at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB4E733E3BEA1FC \"Blake Wilson Corson Sr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5313978/blake-wilson-corson \"Blake Wilson Corson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/83447647/blake-wilson-corson Ancestry.com Library Edition\n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers, Ms1990-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers, Ms1990-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to his career as an engineer at NASA Langley. Topics include aerodynamic performance of aircraft propellers and manned aircraft; wind tunnel fans, jet noise suppression, and tunnel calibration. This collection is organized into five series by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to his career as an engineer at NASA Langley. Topics include aerodynamic performance of aircraft propellers and manned aircraft; wind tunnel fans, jet noise suppression, and tunnel calibration. This collection is organized into five series by material type."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7a799cb0db65ef10e4ffe48a4d568355\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blake W. Corson, Jr., Papers are comprised of professional and personal files, correspondence, and published materials from 1861-1984 (bulk, 1934-1979), primarily relating to Corson's (1908-1991) career as an engineer at NASA Langley."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6b661db184ae833aebf7f839f3046ffd\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The majority collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  The majority collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence","Johnson, E. -- Correspondence","Quarles, L. R. ","Bierman, David","Messick, Mr.","Keffer, Percy","Edwards, H. B."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory"],"persname_ssim":["Corson, Blake W., Jr. (Blake Wilson), 1908-1991","Becker, John V. (John Vernon), 1913-2020 -- Correspondence","Bierman, David -- Correspondence","Johnson, E. -- Correspondence","Quarles, L. R. ","Bierman, David","Messick, Mr.","Keffer, Percy","Edwards, H. B."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":766,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:54.031Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1788"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"B. P. Blasingame Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1453.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blasingame, B. P. Papers","title_ssm":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"title_tesim":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1962-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1962-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.010"],"text":["Ms.1987.010","B. P. Blasingame Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Apollo 12 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 14 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 16 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 17 (Spacecraft)","Apollo Soyuz Test Project","Skylab Program","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in two series by material type.","Dr. Benjamin Paul Blasingame was born on August 1, 1919 in State College, Pennsylvania. He majored in mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State College and was a cadet in the school's ROTC program. He graduated in 1940 and was called to active duty in the United States Air Force in 1941. While still in the Air Force, Blasingame received his Doctor of Science degree in 1950 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After his military career, Blasingame became the director of engineering at AC Spark Plug, the Electronics Division (Delco) of General Motors. Under his leadership Delco would become the leading contractor for NASA's Apollo guidance and navigation systems. ","For a more complete biographical sketch of Dr. Blasingame see:  http://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf ","The guide to the  B. P. Blasingame Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the B. P. Blasingame Papers was completed in April 2015.","The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s. Series I: Books and Record Albums includes three books related to the Skylab I-IV space projects, five books related to the Apollo 12, 14, 16, 17, and Apollo-Soyuz missions, and one guide to orbital flight, as well as two  copies of the CBS production \"Man on the Moon,\" narrated by Walter Cronkite. Series II: Papers and Reports consists of four official reports by Charles Stark Draper, of Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., regarding inertial guidance and navigation. There is also a report on the optical tracking of the Apollo 12 spacecraft, published by the Manned Spacecraft Center, and an unpublished report on inertial systems by Dr. Blasingame in this series.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"collection_ssim":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"creator_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"creators_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The B. P. Blasingame Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Apollo 12 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 14 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 16 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 17 (Spacecraft)","Apollo Soyuz Test Project","Skylab Program","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Apollo 12 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 14 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 16 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 17 (Spacecraft)","Apollo Soyuz Test Project","Skylab Program","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in two series by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in two series by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Benjamin Paul Blasingame was born on August 1, 1919 in State College, Pennsylvania. He majored in mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State College and was a cadet in the school's ROTC program. He graduated in 1940 and was called to active duty in the United States Air Force in 1941. While still in the Air Force, Blasingame received his Doctor of Science degree in 1950 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After his military career, Blasingame became the director of engineering at AC Spark Plug, the Electronics Division (Delco) of General Motors. Under his leadership Delco would become the leading contractor for NASA's Apollo guidance and navigation systems. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a more complete biographical sketch of Dr. Blasingame see: \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf%20\" show=\"new\"\u003ehttp://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Benjamin Paul Blasingame was born on August 1, 1919 in State College, Pennsylvania. He majored in mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State College and was a cadet in the school's ROTC program. He graduated in 1940 and was called to active duty in the United States Air Force in 1941. While still in the Air Force, Blasingame received his Doctor of Science degree in 1950 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After his military career, Blasingame became the director of engineering at AC Spark Plug, the Electronics Division (Delco) of General Motors. Under his leadership Delco would become the leading contractor for NASA's Apollo guidance and navigation systems. ","For a more complete biographical sketch of Dr. Blasingame see:  http://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  B. P. Blasingame Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  B. P. Blasingame Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], B. P. Blasingame Papers, Ms1987-010, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], B. P. Blasingame Papers, Ms1987-010, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the B. P. Blasingame Papers was completed in April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the B. P. Blasingame Papers was completed in April 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s. Series I: Books and Record Albums includes three books related to the Skylab I-IV space projects, five books related to the Apollo 12, 14, 16, 17, and Apollo-Soyuz missions, and one guide to orbital flight, as well as two  copies of the CBS production \"Man on the Moon,\" narrated by Walter Cronkite. Series II: Papers and Reports consists of four official reports by Charles Stark Draper, of Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., regarding inertial guidance and navigation. There is also a report on the optical tracking of the Apollo 12 spacecraft, published by the Manned Spacecraft Center, and an unpublished report on inertial systems by Dr. Blasingame in this series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s. Series I: Books and Record Albums includes three books related to the Skylab I-IV space projects, five books related to the Apollo 12, 14, 16, 17, and Apollo-Soyuz missions, and one guide to orbital flight, as well as two  copies of the CBS production \"Man on the Moon,\" narrated by Walter Cronkite. Series II: Papers and Reports consists of four official reports by Charles Stark Draper, of Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., regarding inertial guidance and navigation. There is also a report on the optical tracking of the Apollo 12 spacecraft, published by the Manned Spacecraft Center, and an unpublished report on inertial systems by Dr. Blasingame in this series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1faf59a121ec3bab9bca3dbf3ef1c9bf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:36:20.615Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1453.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blasingame, B. P. Papers","title_ssm":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"title_tesim":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1962-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1962-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.010"],"text":["Ms.1987.010","B. P. Blasingame Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Apollo 12 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 14 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 16 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 17 (Spacecraft)","Apollo Soyuz Test Project","Skylab Program","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in two series by material type.","Dr. Benjamin Paul Blasingame was born on August 1, 1919 in State College, Pennsylvania. He majored in mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State College and was a cadet in the school's ROTC program. He graduated in 1940 and was called to active duty in the United States Air Force in 1941. While still in the Air Force, Blasingame received his Doctor of Science degree in 1950 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After his military career, Blasingame became the director of engineering at AC Spark Plug, the Electronics Division (Delco) of General Motors. Under his leadership Delco would become the leading contractor for NASA's Apollo guidance and navigation systems. ","For a more complete biographical sketch of Dr. Blasingame see:  http://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf ","The guide to the  B. P. Blasingame Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the B. P. Blasingame Papers was completed in April 2015.","The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s. Series I: Books and Record Albums includes three books related to the Skylab I-IV space projects, five books related to the Apollo 12, 14, 16, 17, and Apollo-Soyuz missions, and one guide to orbital flight, as well as two  copies of the CBS production \"Man on the Moon,\" narrated by Walter Cronkite. Series II: Papers and Reports consists of four official reports by Charles Stark Draper, of Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., regarding inertial guidance and navigation. There is also a report on the optical tracking of the Apollo 12 spacecraft, published by the Manned Spacecraft Center, and an unpublished report on inertial systems by Dr. Blasingame in this series.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"collection_ssim":["B. P. Blasingame Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"creator_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"creators_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The B. P. Blasingame Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Apollo 12 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 14 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 16 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 17 (Spacecraft)","Apollo Soyuz Test Project","Skylab Program","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Apollo 12 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 14 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 16 (Spacecraft)","Apollo 17 (Spacecraft)","Apollo Soyuz Test Project","Skylab Program","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in two series by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in two series by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Benjamin Paul Blasingame was born on August 1, 1919 in State College, Pennsylvania. He majored in mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State College and was a cadet in the school's ROTC program. He graduated in 1940 and was called to active duty in the United States Air Force in 1941. While still in the Air Force, Blasingame received his Doctor of Science degree in 1950 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After his military career, Blasingame became the director of engineering at AC Spark Plug, the Electronics Division (Delco) of General Motors. Under his leadership Delco would become the leading contractor for NASA's Apollo guidance and navigation systems. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a more complete biographical sketch of Dr. Blasingame see: \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf%20\" show=\"new\"\u003ehttp://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Benjamin Paul Blasingame was born on August 1, 1919 in State College, Pennsylvania. He majored in mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State College and was a cadet in the school's ROTC program. He graduated in 1940 and was called to active duty in the United States Air Force in 1941. While still in the Air Force, Blasingame received his Doctor of Science degree in 1950 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After his military career, Blasingame became the director of engineering at AC Spark Plug, the Electronics Division (Delco) of General Motors. Under his leadership Delco would become the leading contractor for NASA's Apollo guidance and navigation systems. ","For a more complete biographical sketch of Dr. Blasingame see:  http://www.afspc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-100405-043.pdf "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  B. P. Blasingame Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  B. P. Blasingame Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], B. P. Blasingame Papers, Ms1987-010, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], B. P. Blasingame Papers, Ms1987-010, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the B. P. Blasingame Papers was completed in April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the B. P. Blasingame Papers was completed in April 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s. Series I: Books and Record Albums includes three books related to the Skylab I-IV space projects, five books related to the Apollo 12, 14, 16, 17, and Apollo-Soyuz missions, and one guide to orbital flight, as well as two  copies of the CBS production \"Man on the Moon,\" narrated by Walter Cronkite. Series II: Papers and Reports consists of four official reports by Charles Stark Draper, of Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., regarding inertial guidance and navigation. There is also a report on the optical tracking of the Apollo 12 spacecraft, published by the Manned Spacecraft Center, and an unpublished report on inertial systems by Dr. Blasingame in this series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s. Series I: Books and Record Albums includes three books related to the Skylab I-IV space projects, five books related to the Apollo 12, 14, 16, 17, and Apollo-Soyuz missions, and one guide to orbital flight, as well as two  copies of the CBS production \"Man on the Moon,\" narrated by Walter Cronkite. Series II: Papers and Reports consists of four official reports by Charles Stark Draper, of Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., regarding inertial guidance and navigation. There is also a report on the optical tracking of the Apollo 12 spacecraft, published by the Manned Spacecraft Center, and an unpublished report on inertial systems by Dr. Blasingame in this series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1faf59a121ec3bab9bca3dbf3ef1c9bf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The B. P. Blasingame Papers contains several books, reports, and papers about navigation, inertia, and space flight. Although the majority of the materials are undated, they are likely from the 1960s and 1970s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Draper, C. S. (Charles Stark), 1901-1987","Blasingame, B. P. (Benjamin Paul), 1919-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:36:20.615Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1453"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Byron Nelson Cooper Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cooper, Byron Nelson, Papers","title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1973.004"],"text":["Ms.1973.004","Byron Nelson Cooper Papers","Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.","Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.","The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.","See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.","This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.","The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1973.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creators_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Byron Nelson Cooper Papers were donated to the Geology Library and transferred to Special Collections in 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/265\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description "],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_439.xml\"\u003eVirginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,\u003c/a\u003e which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_31cd5bee886a7089cd4ccf48552ca42a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3121efb0439ebea330d36efebf9b0c51\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:32.857Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cooper, Byron Nelson, Papers","title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1973.004"],"text":["Ms.1973.004","Byron Nelson Cooper Papers","Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.","Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.","The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.","See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.","This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.","The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1973.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creators_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Byron Nelson Cooper Papers were donated to the Geology Library and transferred to Special Collections in 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/265\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description "],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_439.xml\"\u003eVirginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,\u003c/a\u003e which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_31cd5bee886a7089cd4ccf48552ca42a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3121efb0439ebea330d36efebf9b0c51\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:32.857Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carl George Krieger Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1373.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Krieger, Carl George, Papers","title_ssm":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.013"],"text":["Ms.1982.013","Carl George Krieger Papers","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","The collection is open for research.","The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. Boxes 1-2 contains biographical information and correspondence. Boxes 2-10 contain subject files. Boxes 11-13 include materials relating to Krieger's tenure at Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Boxes 14-16 contain publications. Boxes 17-19 include training films and video recordings relating to farm topics.","Carl George Krieger, Jr. (1905-1979) was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor. Krieger worked in the management structure of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation (1927-1969); was director of the Farm Equipment and Machinery Division of the War Production Board (WPB); was a special assistant to the WPB's chairman during World War II; and served as chairman of the Agricultural Development Committee of the American Petroleum Institute in the post-war years. ","A native of Portsmouth, Virginia, Krieger was born to Carl George and Belle Hunter (Brooks) Krieger on April 3, 1905. he was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926. He married his second wife, Millicent M. Roberts, on December 15, 1945, in Pennsylvania.","External sources:","U.S. Federal Census, 1910, 1930, 1950","\"Carl Krieger\" in the US Social Security Death Index, MyTrees.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/34479780:3693 , accessed April 22, 2024.","\"Carl G., Jr. Krieger\" in the Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriages, 1852-1968, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381 , accessed April 22, 2024.","George Krieger obituary, Newsday (Suffolk Edition), Sept. 27, 1979,  in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843 , accessed April 22, 2024.","The guide to the Carl George Krieger Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. The initial 43 boxes were condensed to 19 boxes and moved to off-site storage. A box-level inventory and collection description were created after the materials were donated. The finding aid was created from this inventory in January 2011.","The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger  (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers were donated to the University Libraries in September 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. Boxes 1-2 contains biographical information and correspondence. Boxes 2-10 contain subject files. Boxes 11-13 include materials relating to Krieger's tenure at Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Boxes 14-16 contain publications. Boxes 17-19 include training films and video recordings relating to farm topics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. Boxes 1-2 contains biographical information and correspondence. Boxes 2-10 contain subject files. Boxes 11-13 include materials relating to Krieger's tenure at Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Boxes 14-16 contain publications. Boxes 17-19 include training films and video recordings relating to farm topics."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl George Krieger, Jr. (1905-1979) was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor. Krieger worked in the management structure of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation (1927-1969); was director of the Farm Equipment and Machinery Division of the War Production Board (WPB); was a special assistant to the WPB's chairman during World War II; and served as chairman of the Agricultural Development Committee of the American Petroleum Institute in the post-war years. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA native of Portsmouth, Virginia, Krieger was born to Carl George and Belle Hunter (Brooks) Krieger on April 3, 1905. he was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926. He married his second wife, Millicent M. Roberts, on December 15, 1945, in Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Federal Census, 1910, 1930, 1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Carl Krieger\" in the US Social Security Death Index, MyTrees.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.mytrees.com/cgi-bin/yaossdirslt?ssdik.dat+224765725\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/34479780:3693\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Carl G., Jr. Krieger\" in the Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriages, 1852-1968, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Krieger obituary, Newsday (Suffolk Edition), Sept. 27, 1979,  in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl George Krieger, Jr. (1905-1979) was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor. Krieger worked in the management structure of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation (1927-1969); was director of the Farm Equipment and Machinery Division of the War Production Board (WPB); was a special assistant to the WPB's chairman during World War II; and served as chairman of the Agricultural Development Committee of the American Petroleum Institute in the post-war years. ","A native of Portsmouth, Virginia, Krieger was born to Carl George and Belle Hunter (Brooks) Krieger on April 3, 1905. he was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926. He married his second wife, Millicent M. Roberts, on December 15, 1945, in Pennsylvania.","External sources:","U.S. Federal Census, 1910, 1930, 1950","\"Carl Krieger\" in the US Social Security Death Index, MyTrees.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/34479780:3693 , accessed April 22, 2024.","\"Carl G., Jr. Krieger\" in the Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriages, 1852-1968, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381 , accessed April 22, 2024.","George Krieger obituary, Newsday (Suffolk Edition), Sept. 27, 1979,  in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843 , accessed April 22, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carl George Krieger Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carl George Krieger Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carl George Krieger Papers, Ms1982-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carl George Krieger Papers, Ms1982-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. The initial 43 boxes were condensed to 19 boxes and moved to off-site storage. A box-level inventory and collection description were created after the materials were donated. The finding aid was created from this inventory in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. The initial 43 boxes were condensed to 19 boxes and moved to off-site storage. A box-level inventory and collection description were created after the materials were donated. The finding aid was created from this inventory in January 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5ddac0b09ca84f8b724bce58cd19d4b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger  (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger  (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d96b179af05e1ddfbd3ea88acf16bc6f\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"persname_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:46:41.896Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1373.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Krieger, Carl George, Papers","title_ssm":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.013"],"text":["Ms.1982.013","Carl George Krieger Papers","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","The collection is open for research.","The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. Boxes 1-2 contains biographical information and correspondence. Boxes 2-10 contain subject files. Boxes 11-13 include materials relating to Krieger's tenure at Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Boxes 14-16 contain publications. Boxes 17-19 include training films and video recordings relating to farm topics.","Carl George Krieger, Jr. (1905-1979) was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor. Krieger worked in the management structure of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation (1927-1969); was director of the Farm Equipment and Machinery Division of the War Production Board (WPB); was a special assistant to the WPB's chairman during World War II; and served as chairman of the Agricultural Development Committee of the American Petroleum Institute in the post-war years. ","A native of Portsmouth, Virginia, Krieger was born to Carl George and Belle Hunter (Brooks) Krieger on April 3, 1905. he was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926. He married his second wife, Millicent M. Roberts, on December 15, 1945, in Pennsylvania.","External sources:","U.S. Federal Census, 1910, 1930, 1950","\"Carl Krieger\" in the US Social Security Death Index, MyTrees.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/34479780:3693 , accessed April 22, 2024.","\"Carl G., Jr. Krieger\" in the Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriages, 1852-1968, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381 , accessed April 22, 2024.","George Krieger obituary, Newsday (Suffolk Edition), Sept. 27, 1979,  in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843 , accessed April 22, 2024.","The guide to the Carl George Krieger Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. The initial 43 boxes were condensed to 19 boxes and moved to off-site storage. A box-level inventory and collection description were created after the materials were donated. The finding aid was created from this inventory in January 2011.","The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger  (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carl George Krieger Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers were donated to the University Libraries in September 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. Boxes 1-2 contains biographical information and correspondence. Boxes 2-10 contain subject files. Boxes 11-13 include materials relating to Krieger's tenure at Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Boxes 14-16 contain publications. Boxes 17-19 include training films and video recordings relating to farm topics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. Boxes 1-2 contains biographical information and correspondence. Boxes 2-10 contain subject files. Boxes 11-13 include materials relating to Krieger's tenure at Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Boxes 14-16 contain publications. Boxes 17-19 include training films and video recordings relating to farm topics."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl George Krieger, Jr. (1905-1979) was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor. Krieger worked in the management structure of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation (1927-1969); was director of the Farm Equipment and Machinery Division of the War Production Board (WPB); was a special assistant to the WPB's chairman during World War II; and served as chairman of the Agricultural Development Committee of the American Petroleum Institute in the post-war years. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA native of Portsmouth, Virginia, Krieger was born to Carl George and Belle Hunter (Brooks) Krieger on April 3, 1905. he was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926. He married his second wife, Millicent M. Roberts, on December 15, 1945, in Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Federal Census, 1910, 1930, 1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Carl Krieger\" in the US Social Security Death Index, MyTrees.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.mytrees.com/cgi-bin/yaossdirslt?ssdik.dat+224765725\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/34479780:3693\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Carl G., Jr. Krieger\" in the Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriages, 1852-1968, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Krieger obituary, Newsday (Suffolk Edition), Sept. 27, 1979,  in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl George Krieger, Jr. (1905-1979) was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor. Krieger worked in the management structure of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation (1927-1969); was director of the Farm Equipment and Machinery Division of the War Production Board (WPB); was a special assistant to the WPB's chairman during World War II; and served as chairman of the Agricultural Development Committee of the American Petroleum Institute in the post-war years. ","A native of Portsmouth, Virginia, Krieger was born to Carl George and Belle Hunter (Brooks) Krieger on April 3, 1905. he was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926. He married his second wife, Millicent M. Roberts, on December 15, 1945, in Pennsylvania.","External sources:","U.S. Federal Census, 1910, 1930, 1950","\"Carl Krieger\" in the US Social Security Death Index, MyTrees.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/34479780:3693 , accessed April 22, 2024.","\"Carl G., Jr. Krieger\" in the Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriages, 1852-1968, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2564456:61381 , accessed April 22, 2024.","George Krieger obituary, Newsday (Suffolk Edition), Sept. 27, 1979,  in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/926542719:61843 , accessed April 22, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carl George Krieger Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carl George Krieger Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carl George Krieger Papers, Ms1982-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carl George Krieger Papers, Ms1982-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. The initial 43 boxes were condensed to 19 boxes and moved to off-site storage. A box-level inventory and collection description were created after the materials were donated. The finding aid was created from this inventory in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers are in their original order. The initial 43 boxes were condensed to 19 boxes and moved to off-site storage. A box-level inventory and collection description were created after the materials were donated. The finding aid was created from this inventory in January 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5ddac0b09ca84f8b724bce58cd19d4b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger  (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carl George Krieger Papers include correspondence, speeches, notebooks, photographs, audio and video recordings, a scrapbook, and clippings and magazine articles on topics related to agriculture, gas, oil, tractors, air and water pollution, waste treatment, and public relations. Krieger  (1905-1979) was the first agricultural engineering graduate at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1926, and he was a gas engine specialist and a pioneer in the development of the high-compression tractor."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d96b179af05e1ddfbd3ea88acf16bc6f\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"persname_ssim":["Krieger, Carl George, 1905-1979"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:46:41.896Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1373"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Christopher C. Kraft Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1406.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kraft, Christopher C., Papers","title_ssm":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"title_tesim":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1941-1998","1941-1982"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1941-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1985.001"],"text":["Ms.1985.001","Christopher C. Kraft Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","Aeronautical engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","The collection is open for research.","For the most part, the collection in arranged in chronological order. Whenever the exact date is unknown, materials are filed at the end of the known month or year. Oversize drawings, sketches, blueprints, calculations, graphs, and charts were removed from the collection and are arranged in their original order in folders. Oversize newspaper clippings, for preservation purposes, are in a separate oversize folder.","Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. was born on February 28, 1924, in Phoebus, Virginia. He received his BS degree in aeronautical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in December 1944. ","Kraft joined the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1945 as a flight engineer. In October 1958, he was selected as one of the original members of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Task Group, which had been established to manage Project Mercury, the nation's first project to put a man in space. In the early phases of Project Mercury, Kraft was a prime contributor to the development of many of the basic mission and flight control techniques used in manned space flight. He personally served as Flight Director for all the Mercury missions and many of the Gemini missions. During the latter phase of Project Mercury, he directed the design and implementation of the Mission Control Center at the Johnson Space Center (originally the Manned Spacecraft Center) in Houston, from which all of NASA's manned space flights have been conducted. Kraft was named deputy director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1970, and later director in 1972. He retired from NASA in 1982 and and subsequently served as a consultant for various corporations. In 2001, Kraft's autobiography,  Flight: My Life in Mission Control  was published. ","Kraft has been the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including three honorary doctorates (Indiana Institute of Technology, 1966; St. Louis University, 1967; and Villanova University, 1979); the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal, 1963; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1969; the American Astronautical Society's Space Flight Award, 1970; and the Ambassador of Exploration Award, 2006. In 2011, the Johnson Space Center renamed its Mission Control Center the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center in his honor.","Kraft died on July 22, 2019, at the age of 95.","\nRecent News:\n NASA Names Mission Control for Legendary Flight Director Christopher Kraft, April 14, 2011 Air \u0026 Space Magazine Interview, March 17, 2010 Johnson Space Center Oral History Project","The guide to the Christopher C. Kraft Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Christopher C. Kraft Papers was completed in the late 1980s. During 2010 and 2011, materials were re-foldered and oversize items were removed from boxes. The existing folder list was revised against the collection contents, and a new finding aid was created.","There are also collections from several individuals with whom Kraft worked or knew available at Special Collections and University Archives: ","Ms2024-064, Christopher Kraft and Neil Armstrong Collection","Ms2024-065, Christopher Kraft Letter to Elizabeth Plank","Ms1987-057, Melvin N. Gough Papers","Ms1990-053, Robert R. Gilruth Papers","Ms2005-019, William Hewitt Phillips Papers","There is an  oral history with Christopher C. Kraft , available online, in the VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015.","The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for Kraft's autobiography. ","From Kraft's early years at Langley Flight Research Division, the collection includes notes, calculations, and drawings for many projects (testing the stability and control of the X-1, P-47 Thunderbolt, and P-51 H Mustang airplanes, for example). It also includes calculations and draft reports on the gust-alleviation system designed by Kraft and then-division head, William Hewitt Phillips. ","The collection contains heavily-annotated editions of \"Mission Rules\" for Project Mercury, extensive files of post-launch reports and astronaut debriefing transcripts from Kraft's early NASA years (1958-1970), as well as correspondence, notes, and memoranda. Materials from Kraft's later years at NASA (1970-1982) include professional notes, detailing meetings and telephone conversations, plus meeting agendas, memos, and other work documents. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center.","Please note:  The majority of this collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Oversize materials are on-site. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1985.001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"creator_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"creators_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The majority of the collection was given to Newman Library in November 1985 and formally donated in April 1986. 14 Apollo photographs were donated in March 1971 and merged with the rest of the collection after its donation in 1985/1986. Additional materials were donated to Special Collections in December 2002 and January 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","Aeronautical engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","Aeronautical engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["28 Cubic Feet 27 boxes; 6 folders [plus 2 boxes of duplicate materials]"],"extent_tesim":["28 Cubic Feet 27 boxes; 6 folders [plus 2 boxes of duplicate materials]"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor the most part, the collection in arranged in chronological order. Whenever the exact date is unknown, materials are filed at the end of the known month or year. Oversize drawings, sketches, blueprints, calculations, graphs, and charts were removed from the collection and are arranged in their original order in folders. Oversize newspaper clippings, for preservation purposes, are in a separate oversize folder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["For the most part, the collection in arranged in chronological order. Whenever the exact date is unknown, materials are filed at the end of the known month or year. Oversize drawings, sketches, blueprints, calculations, graphs, and charts were removed from the collection and are arranged in their original order in folders. Oversize newspaper clippings, for preservation purposes, are in a separate oversize folder."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChristopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. was born on February 28, 1924, in Phoebus, Virginia. He received his BS degree in aeronautical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in December 1944. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKraft joined the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1945 as a flight engineer. In October 1958, he was selected as one of the original members of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Task Group, which had been established to manage Project Mercury, the nation's first project to put a man in space. In the early phases of Project Mercury, Kraft was a prime contributor to the development of many of the basic mission and flight control techniques used in manned space flight. He personally served as Flight Director for all the Mercury missions and many of the Gemini missions. During the latter phase of Project Mercury, he directed the design and implementation of the Mission Control Center at the Johnson Space Center (originally the Manned Spacecraft Center) in Houston, from which all of NASA's manned space flights have been conducted. Kraft was named deputy director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1970, and later director in 1972. He retired from NASA in 1982 and and subsequently served as a consultant for various corporations. In 2001, Kraft's autobiography, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFlight: My Life in Mission Control\u003c/title\u003e was published. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKraft has been the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including three honorary doctorates (Indiana Institute of Technology, 1966; St. Louis University, 1967; and Villanova University, 1979); the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal, 1963; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1969; the American Astronautical Society's Space Flight Award, 1970; and the Ambassador of Exploration Award, 2006. In 2011, the Johnson Space Center renamed its Mission Control Center the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKraft died on July 22, 2019, at the age of 95.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nRecent News:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/kraft_mcc.html\"\u003eNASA Names Mission Control for Legendary Flight Director Christopher Kraft, April 14, 2011\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/AS-Interview-Chris-Kraft.html\"\u003eAir \u0026amp; Space Magazine Interview, March 17, 2010\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www11.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/oral_histories.htm\"\u003eJohnson Space Center Oral History Project\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. was born on February 28, 1924, in Phoebus, Virginia. He received his BS degree in aeronautical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in December 1944. ","Kraft joined the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1945 as a flight engineer. In October 1958, he was selected as one of the original members of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Task Group, which had been established to manage Project Mercury, the nation's first project to put a man in space. In the early phases of Project Mercury, Kraft was a prime contributor to the development of many of the basic mission and flight control techniques used in manned space flight. He personally served as Flight Director for all the Mercury missions and many of the Gemini missions. During the latter phase of Project Mercury, he directed the design and implementation of the Mission Control Center at the Johnson Space Center (originally the Manned Spacecraft Center) in Houston, from which all of NASA's manned space flights have been conducted. Kraft was named deputy director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1970, and later director in 1972. He retired from NASA in 1982 and and subsequently served as a consultant for various corporations. In 2001, Kraft's autobiography,  Flight: My Life in Mission Control  was published. ","Kraft has been the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including three honorary doctorates (Indiana Institute of Technology, 1966; St. Louis University, 1967; and Villanova University, 1979); the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal, 1963; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1969; the American Astronautical Society's Space Flight Award, 1970; and the Ambassador of Exploration Award, 2006. In 2011, the Johnson Space Center renamed its Mission Control Center the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center in his honor.","Kraft died on July 22, 2019, at the age of 95.","\nRecent News:\n NASA Names Mission Control for Legendary Flight Director Christopher Kraft, April 14, 2011 Air \u0026 Space Magazine Interview, March 17, 2010 Johnson Space Center Oral History Project"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Christopher C. Kraft Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Christopher C. Kraft Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Christopher C. Kraft Papers, Ms1985-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Christopher C. Kraft Papers, Ms1985-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInitial processing, arrangement, and description of the Christopher C. Kraft Papers was completed in the late 1980s. During 2010 and 2011, materials were re-foldered and oversize items were removed from boxes. The existing folder list was revised against the collection contents, and a new finding aid was created.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Christopher C. Kraft Papers was completed in the late 1980s. During 2010 and 2011, materials were re-foldered and oversize items were removed from boxes. The existing folder list was revised against the collection contents, and a new finding aid was created."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are also collections from several individuals with whom Kraft worked or knew available at Special Collections and University Archives: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4279.xml\u0026amp;chunk.id=\u0026amp;toc.depth=1\u0026amp;toc.id=\u0026amp;brand=default\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMs2024-064, Christopher Kraft and Neil Armstrong Collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4280.xml\u0026amp;chunk.id=\u0026amp;toc.depth=1\u0026amp;toc.id=\u0026amp;brand=default\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMs2024-065, Christopher Kraft Letter to Elizabeth Plank\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1500.xml\"\u003eMs1987-057, Melvin N. Gough Papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1786.xml\"\u003eMs1990-053, Robert R. Gilruth Papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2291.xml\"\u003eMs2005-019, William Hewitt Phillips Papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is an \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2016-015/Ms2016-015_ChrisKraft\"\u003eoral history with Christopher C. Kraft\u003c/a\u003e, available online, in the VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There are also collections from several individuals with whom Kraft worked or knew available at Special Collections and University Archives: ","Ms2024-064, Christopher Kraft and Neil Armstrong Collection","Ms2024-065, Christopher Kraft Letter to Elizabeth Plank","Ms1987-057, Melvin N. Gough Papers","Ms1990-053, Robert R. Gilruth Papers","Ms2005-019, William Hewitt Phillips Papers","There is an  oral history with Christopher C. Kraft , available online, in the VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for Kraft's autobiography. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom Kraft's early years at Langley Flight Research Division, the collection includes notes, calculations, and drawings for many projects (testing the stability and control of the X-1, P-47 Thunderbolt, and P-51 H Mustang airplanes, for example). It also includes calculations and draft reports on the gust-alleviation system designed by Kraft and then-division head, William Hewitt Phillips. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains heavily-annotated editions of \"Mission Rules\" for Project Mercury, extensive files of post-launch reports and astronaut debriefing transcripts from Kraft's early NASA years (1958-1970), as well as correspondence, notes, and memoranda. Materials from Kraft's later years at NASA (1970-1982) include professional notes, detailing meetings and telephone conversations, plus meeting agendas, memos, and other work documents. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for Kraft's autobiography. ","From Kraft's early years at Langley Flight Research Division, the collection includes notes, calculations, and drawings for many projects (testing the stability and control of the X-1, P-47 Thunderbolt, and P-51 H Mustang airplanes, for example). It also includes calculations and draft reports on the gust-alleviation system designed by Kraft and then-division head, William Hewitt Phillips. ","The collection contains heavily-annotated editions of \"Mission Rules\" for Project Mercury, extensive files of post-launch reports and astronaut debriefing transcripts from Kraft's early NASA years (1958-1970), as well as correspondence, notes, and memoranda. Materials from Kraft's later years at NASA (1970-1982) include professional notes, detailing meetings and telephone conversations, plus meeting agendas, memos, and other work documents. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f060fdb2c6d658d612688594ca6b49b6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a44187eecd7e8bf882782b367173acd0\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The majority of this collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Oversize materials are on-site. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  The majority of this collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Oversize materials are on-site. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":937,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:31:30.853Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1406","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1406.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kraft, Christopher C., Papers","title_ssm":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"title_tesim":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1941-1998","1941-1982"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1941-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1985.001"],"text":["Ms.1985.001","Christopher C. Kraft Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","Aeronautical engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","The collection is open for research.","For the most part, the collection in arranged in chronological order. Whenever the exact date is unknown, materials are filed at the end of the known month or year. Oversize drawings, sketches, blueprints, calculations, graphs, and charts were removed from the collection and are arranged in their original order in folders. Oversize newspaper clippings, for preservation purposes, are in a separate oversize folder.","Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. was born on February 28, 1924, in Phoebus, Virginia. He received his BS degree in aeronautical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in December 1944. ","Kraft joined the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1945 as a flight engineer. In October 1958, he was selected as one of the original members of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Task Group, which had been established to manage Project Mercury, the nation's first project to put a man in space. In the early phases of Project Mercury, Kraft was a prime contributor to the development of many of the basic mission and flight control techniques used in manned space flight. He personally served as Flight Director for all the Mercury missions and many of the Gemini missions. During the latter phase of Project Mercury, he directed the design and implementation of the Mission Control Center at the Johnson Space Center (originally the Manned Spacecraft Center) in Houston, from which all of NASA's manned space flights have been conducted. Kraft was named deputy director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1970, and later director in 1972. He retired from NASA in 1982 and and subsequently served as a consultant for various corporations. In 2001, Kraft's autobiography,  Flight: My Life in Mission Control  was published. ","Kraft has been the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including three honorary doctorates (Indiana Institute of Technology, 1966; St. Louis University, 1967; and Villanova University, 1979); the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal, 1963; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1969; the American Astronautical Society's Space Flight Award, 1970; and the Ambassador of Exploration Award, 2006. In 2011, the Johnson Space Center renamed its Mission Control Center the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center in his honor.","Kraft died on July 22, 2019, at the age of 95.","\nRecent News:\n NASA Names Mission Control for Legendary Flight Director Christopher Kraft, April 14, 2011 Air \u0026 Space Magazine Interview, March 17, 2010 Johnson Space Center Oral History Project","The guide to the Christopher C. Kraft Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Christopher C. Kraft Papers was completed in the late 1980s. During 2010 and 2011, materials were re-foldered and oversize items were removed from boxes. The existing folder list was revised against the collection contents, and a new finding aid was created.","There are also collections from several individuals with whom Kraft worked or knew available at Special Collections and University Archives: ","Ms2024-064, Christopher Kraft and Neil Armstrong Collection","Ms2024-065, Christopher Kraft Letter to Elizabeth Plank","Ms1987-057, Melvin N. Gough Papers","Ms1990-053, Robert R. Gilruth Papers","Ms2005-019, William Hewitt Phillips Papers","There is an  oral history with Christopher C. Kraft , available online, in the VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015.","The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for Kraft's autobiography. ","From Kraft's early years at Langley Flight Research Division, the collection includes notes, calculations, and drawings for many projects (testing the stability and control of the X-1, P-47 Thunderbolt, and P-51 H Mustang airplanes, for example). It also includes calculations and draft reports on the gust-alleviation system designed by Kraft and then-division head, William Hewitt Phillips. ","The collection contains heavily-annotated editions of \"Mission Rules\" for Project Mercury, extensive files of post-launch reports and astronaut debriefing transcripts from Kraft's early NASA years (1958-1970), as well as correspondence, notes, and memoranda. Materials from Kraft's later years at NASA (1970-1982) include professional notes, detailing meetings and telephone conversations, plus meeting agendas, memos, and other work documents. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center.","Please note:  The majority of this collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Oversize materials are on-site. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1985.001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Christopher C. Kraft Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"creator_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"creators_ssim":["Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The majority of the collection was given to Newman Library in November 1985 and formally donated in April 1986. 14 Apollo photographs were donated in March 1971 and merged with the rest of the collection after its donation in 1985/1986. Additional materials were donated to Special Collections in December 2002 and January 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","Aeronautical engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","University History","Aeronautical engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["28 Cubic Feet 27 boxes; 6 folders [plus 2 boxes of duplicate materials]"],"extent_tesim":["28 Cubic Feet 27 boxes; 6 folders [plus 2 boxes of duplicate materials]"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor the most part, the collection in arranged in chronological order. Whenever the exact date is unknown, materials are filed at the end of the known month or year. Oversize drawings, sketches, blueprints, calculations, graphs, and charts were removed from the collection and are arranged in their original order in folders. Oversize newspaper clippings, for preservation purposes, are in a separate oversize folder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["For the most part, the collection in arranged in chronological order. Whenever the exact date is unknown, materials are filed at the end of the known month or year. Oversize drawings, sketches, blueprints, calculations, graphs, and charts were removed from the collection and are arranged in their original order in folders. Oversize newspaper clippings, for preservation purposes, are in a separate oversize folder."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChristopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. was born on February 28, 1924, in Phoebus, Virginia. He received his BS degree in aeronautical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in December 1944. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKraft joined the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1945 as a flight engineer. In October 1958, he was selected as one of the original members of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Task Group, which had been established to manage Project Mercury, the nation's first project to put a man in space. In the early phases of Project Mercury, Kraft was a prime contributor to the development of many of the basic mission and flight control techniques used in manned space flight. He personally served as Flight Director for all the Mercury missions and many of the Gemini missions. During the latter phase of Project Mercury, he directed the design and implementation of the Mission Control Center at the Johnson Space Center (originally the Manned Spacecraft Center) in Houston, from which all of NASA's manned space flights have been conducted. Kraft was named deputy director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1970, and later director in 1972. He retired from NASA in 1982 and and subsequently served as a consultant for various corporations. In 2001, Kraft's autobiography, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFlight: My Life in Mission Control\u003c/title\u003e was published. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKraft has been the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including three honorary doctorates (Indiana Institute of Technology, 1966; St. Louis University, 1967; and Villanova University, 1979); the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal, 1963; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1969; the American Astronautical Society's Space Flight Award, 1970; and the Ambassador of Exploration Award, 2006. In 2011, the Johnson Space Center renamed its Mission Control Center the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKraft died on July 22, 2019, at the age of 95.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nRecent News:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/kraft_mcc.html\"\u003eNASA Names Mission Control for Legendary Flight Director Christopher Kraft, April 14, 2011\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/AS-Interview-Chris-Kraft.html\"\u003eAir \u0026amp; Space Magazine Interview, March 17, 2010\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www11.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/oral_histories.htm\"\u003eJohnson Space Center Oral History Project\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. was born on February 28, 1924, in Phoebus, Virginia. He received his BS degree in aeronautical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in December 1944. ","Kraft joined the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1945 as a flight engineer. In October 1958, he was selected as one of the original members of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Task Group, which had been established to manage Project Mercury, the nation's first project to put a man in space. In the early phases of Project Mercury, Kraft was a prime contributor to the development of many of the basic mission and flight control techniques used in manned space flight. He personally served as Flight Director for all the Mercury missions and many of the Gemini missions. During the latter phase of Project Mercury, he directed the design and implementation of the Mission Control Center at the Johnson Space Center (originally the Manned Spacecraft Center) in Houston, from which all of NASA's manned space flights have been conducted. Kraft was named deputy director of the Manned Spacecraft Center in 1970, and later director in 1972. He retired from NASA in 1982 and and subsequently served as a consultant for various corporations. In 2001, Kraft's autobiography,  Flight: My Life in Mission Control  was published. ","Kraft has been the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including three honorary doctorates (Indiana Institute of Technology, 1966; St. Louis University, 1967; and Villanova University, 1979); the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal, 1963; the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1969; the American Astronautical Society's Space Flight Award, 1970; and the Ambassador of Exploration Award, 2006. In 2011, the Johnson Space Center renamed its Mission Control Center the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center in his honor.","Kraft died on July 22, 2019, at the age of 95.","\nRecent News:\n NASA Names Mission Control for Legendary Flight Director Christopher Kraft, April 14, 2011 Air \u0026 Space Magazine Interview, March 17, 2010 Johnson Space Center Oral History Project"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Christopher C. Kraft Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Christopher C. Kraft Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Christopher C. Kraft Papers, Ms1985-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Christopher C. Kraft Papers, Ms1985-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInitial processing, arrangement, and description of the Christopher C. Kraft Papers was completed in the late 1980s. During 2010 and 2011, materials were re-foldered and oversize items were removed from boxes. The existing folder list was revised against the collection contents, and a new finding aid was created.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Initial processing, arrangement, and description of the Christopher C. Kraft Papers was completed in the late 1980s. During 2010 and 2011, materials were re-foldered and oversize items were removed from boxes. The existing folder list was revised against the collection contents, and a new finding aid was created."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are also collections from several individuals with whom Kraft worked or knew available at Special Collections and University Archives: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4279.xml\u0026amp;chunk.id=\u0026amp;toc.depth=1\u0026amp;toc.id=\u0026amp;brand=default\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMs2024-064, Christopher Kraft and Neil Armstrong Collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4280.xml\u0026amp;chunk.id=\u0026amp;toc.depth=1\u0026amp;toc.id=\u0026amp;brand=default\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMs2024-065, Christopher Kraft Letter to Elizabeth Plank\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1500.xml\"\u003eMs1987-057, Melvin N. Gough Papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1786.xml\"\u003eMs1990-053, Robert R. Gilruth Papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2291.xml\"\u003eMs2005-019, William Hewitt Phillips Papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is an \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2016-015/Ms2016-015_ChrisKraft\"\u003eoral history with Christopher C. Kraft\u003c/a\u003e, available online, in the VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There are also collections from several individuals with whom Kraft worked or knew available at Special Collections and University Archives: ","Ms2024-064, Christopher Kraft and Neil Armstrong Collection","Ms2024-065, Christopher Kraft Letter to Elizabeth Plank","Ms1987-057, Melvin N. Gough Papers","Ms1990-053, Robert R. Gilruth Papers","Ms2005-019, William Hewitt Phillips Papers","There is an  oral history with Christopher C. Kraft , available online, in the VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for Kraft's autobiography. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom Kraft's early years at Langley Flight Research Division, the collection includes notes, calculations, and drawings for many projects (testing the stability and control of the X-1, P-47 Thunderbolt, and P-51 H Mustang airplanes, for example). It also includes calculations and draft reports on the gust-alleviation system designed by Kraft and then-division head, William Hewitt Phillips. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains heavily-annotated editions of \"Mission Rules\" for Project Mercury, extensive files of post-launch reports and astronaut debriefing transcripts from Kraft's early NASA years (1958-1970), as well as correspondence, notes, and memoranda. Materials from Kraft's later years at NASA (1970-1982) include professional notes, detailing meetings and telephone conversations, plus meeting agendas, memos, and other work documents. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for Kraft's autobiography. ","From Kraft's early years at Langley Flight Research Division, the collection includes notes, calculations, and drawings for many projects (testing the stability and control of the X-1, P-47 Thunderbolt, and P-51 H Mustang airplanes, for example). It also includes calculations and draft reports on the gust-alleviation system designed by Kraft and then-division head, William Hewitt Phillips. ","The collection contains heavily-annotated editions of \"Mission Rules\" for Project Mercury, extensive files of post-launch reports and astronaut debriefing transcripts from Kraft's early NASA years (1958-1970), as well as correspondence, notes, and memoranda. Materials from Kraft's later years at NASA (1970-1982) include professional notes, detailing meetings and telephone conversations, plus meeting agendas, memos, and other work documents. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f060fdb2c6d658d612688594ca6b49b6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Christopher C. Kraft Papers consists of approximately 28 cu. ft. of manuscripts, particularly NACA and NASA reports and documents, meeting notes and agendas, and research materials. A later donation contains the manuscript for 2001 Kraft's autobiography. Kraft (1924-2019) graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) in 1944 and went on to become NASA's first flight director and the director of the Johnson Space Center."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a44187eecd7e8bf882782b367173acd0\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The majority of this collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Oversize materials are on-site. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  The majority of this collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Oversize materials are on-site. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Kraft, Christopher C. (Christopher Columbus), 1924-2019"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (1973-)","Project Mercury (U.S.)","Langley Aeronautical Laboratory","Manned Spacecraft Center (1961-1973) (U.S.)","Project Apollo (U.S.)","Project Gemini (U.S.)","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. 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