{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Postcards\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Postcards\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Postcards\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=2\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":13,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_720","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Edith Malleis nursing student scrapbook","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_720#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Malleis, Edith L., 1896-1985","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_720#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. 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Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/425\"\u003escrapbooks\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0326\"\u003eLenora Little scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0253\"\u003eVacation trip in the new Chevrolet scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other  scrapbooks , such as the  Lenora Little scrapbook  and the  Vacation trip in the new Chevrolet scrapbook ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA \"My Kodak Memory Book\" scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards that document Malleis' time as a nursing student at Newman Memorial County Hospital in Emporia, Kansas and Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. The photographs cover a range of subjects including hospital buildings, staff, daily student life, babies born at the hospital, leisure activities, and student accomplishments. Most photographs have identifications or playful captions written in pen on the image itself. The additional items include personal letters, a few still in envelopes, performance programs and other mementos, poems and pledges, buttons, greeting cards, business cards and handwritten notes from classmates, and numerous certificates, programs, and cards related to graduation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A \"My Kodak Memory Book\" scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards that document Malleis' time as a nursing student at Newman Memorial County Hospital in Emporia, Kansas and Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. The photographs cover a range of subjects including hospital buildings, staff, daily student life, babies born at the hospital, leisure activities, and student accomplishments. Most photographs have identifications or playful captions written in pen on the image itself. The additional items include personal letters, a few still in envelopes, performance programs and other mementos, poems and pledges, buttons, greeting cards, business cards and handwritten notes from classmates, and numerous certificates, programs, and cards related to graduation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c5d59132f2b7c786a8c1043cdc3adc1f\"\u003eScrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. 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The number of practicing, active nursing students rose rapidly over the course of the next 70 years, with 51,000 in 1910, 375,000 in 1940, and 700,000 by 1970."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith Malleis nursing student scrapbook, C0519, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edith Malleis nursing student scrapbook, C0519, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/425\"\u003escrapbooks\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0326\"\u003eLenora Little scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0253\"\u003eVacation trip in the new Chevrolet scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other  scrapbooks , such as the  Lenora Little scrapbook  and the  Vacation trip in the new Chevrolet scrapbook ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA \"My Kodak Memory Book\" scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards that document Malleis' time as a nursing student at Newman Memorial County Hospital in Emporia, Kansas and Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. The photographs cover a range of subjects including hospital buildings, staff, daily student life, babies born at the hospital, leisure activities, and student accomplishments. Most photographs have identifications or playful captions written in pen on the image itself. The additional items include personal letters, a few still in envelopes, performance programs and other mementos, poems and pledges, buttons, greeting cards, business cards and handwritten notes from classmates, and numerous certificates, programs, and cards related to graduation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A \"My Kodak Memory Book\" scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards that document Malleis' time as a nursing student at Newman Memorial County Hospital in Emporia, Kansas and Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. The photographs cover a range of subjects including hospital buildings, staff, daily student life, babies born at the hospital, leisure activities, and student accomplishments. Most photographs have identifications or playful captions written in pen on the image itself. The additional items include personal letters, a few still in envelopes, performance programs and other mementos, poems and pledges, buttons, greeting cards, business cards and handwritten notes from classmates, and numerous certificates, programs, and cards related to graduation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c5d59132f2b7c786a8c1043cdc3adc1f\"\u003eScrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Scrapbook compiled by nursing student Edith L. Malleis from 1924-1927. Contains photographs, ephemera, letters, and cards."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4ccd62f8c723a1cac63a536507aa7b62\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 5"],"names_coll_ssim":["Children's Mercy Hospital (Kansas City, Mo.)","Newman Memorial County Hospital (Emporia, Kansas)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Children's Mercy Hospital (Kansas City, Mo.)","Newman Memorial County Hospital (Emporia, Kansas)","Malleis, Edith L., 1896-1985"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Children's Mercy Hospital (Kansas City, Mo.)","Newman Memorial County Hospital (Emporia, Kansas)"],"persname_ssim":["Malleis, Edith L., 1896-1985"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:27:54.262Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_720"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Edith McChesney Ker papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_659.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Edith McChesney Ker papers","title_ssm":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1948 - 2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948 - 2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"text":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659","Edith McChesney Ker papers","Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America","Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here:  .","This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.","An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the  .","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.","\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"collection_ssim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"geogname_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"creator_ssm":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"places_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Jean Moretti in October 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~7~7\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here:  ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0020\" title=\"Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5ecc6784c7a511e9af0c236d3d9eab1a\"\u003e\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":712,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-09T07:11:34.577Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_659.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Edith McChesney Ker papers","title_ssm":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1948 - 2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948 - 2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"text":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659","Edith McChesney Ker papers","Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America","Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here:  .","This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.","An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the  .","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.","\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0077","/repositories/2/resources/659"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"collection_ssim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"geogname_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"creator_ssm":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"places_ssim":["Africa -- Slides","Canada -- Photographs","Europe -- Geography -- Slides","Middle East","South America"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Jean Moretti in October 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nature","Slides (Photography)","Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Linear Feet 48 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards","Scrapbooks","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~7~7\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized versions of items in Boxes 11-17 and 46-48 can be found here:  ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was arranged by the following formats: paper documents, slides, and scrapbooks, with the exception of audio visual materials, which are housed in Boxes 1 and 34."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["An avid photographer of wildlife and nature, Edith \"Edie\" Ker dedicated her life to traveling around the world taking photographs and writing journal entries about her experiences. During the course of her career, Ker participated in more than 70 professional photographic camping safaris in Africa, including expeditions with primatologist Jane Goodall. She also served as president of the Society of Woman Geographers from 1997 to 1999. Born in 1924, she died in 2003."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edith McChesney Ker papers, C0077, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Inventory created by Brittney Falter in October 2017. Finding aid completed by Brittney Falter in November 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2019, December 2022, and February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0020\" title=\"Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, as well as photographs, scrapbooks, publications, and audio visual materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions. Aside from visiting safaris in Africa, she traveled all over the world to countries like Canada, Russia, Australia, Turkey, Namibia, Argentina, and around the United States. She kept scrapbooks of each trip to showcase postcards, articles, research notes, itineraries, pictures, and brochures from her travels. Her photographs capture a variety of different animals from around the world as well as buildings, landscapes, and people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThis collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 10,000 slides, scrapbooks, publications, and archival materials relating to Edith Ker's nature expeditions and travels around the world."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5ecc6784c7a511e9af0c236d3d9eab1a\"\u003e\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR 29, C 2, S 5-7\n\n\nR 29, C 3, S 1-2\n\n\nR 29, C 4, S 1\n"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Ker, Edith McChesney, 1924-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":712,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-09T07:11:34.577Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_659"}},{"id":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Gustav Klemp German World War I collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_gustavklempcollection#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Klemp, Gustav","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_gustavklempcollection#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Contains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_gustavklempcollection#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","ead_ssi":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","_root_":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/gustavklempcollection.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/gustavklempcollection.html","title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-1922"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1922"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0250"],"text":["C0250","Gustav Klemp German World War I collection","World War, 1914-1918","Postcards","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized versions of items in Series 1-3 can be found here:  \n                 .","Materials are arranged into three series by format.","Series 1: Certificates, 1901, 1910 (pages 1-2) Series 2: Postcards, 1906-1922 (pages 3-17, 21, 23-28, 32, 35) Series 3: Artwork, 1915-1918 (pages 18-22, 28-34, 36) Series 4: Medallions, circa 1914 Series 5: Notebook, circa post-1918","Gustav Klemp (1882-1941) was an artist from West Prussia in what was Germany until 1919 and is now western Poland. He was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association). Klemp was in his mid-thirties at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he served as a medic with the German Army. He sent a number of postcards from the Eastern front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and he also painted watercolors that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war and troops. After the war and the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. They emigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then in Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May, 1941, six months before the United States entered World War II.","Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD revised by Elizabeth Beckman in December 2016. Finding aid updated by Lana Mason in December 2018.","The collection consists of 2 certificates, several postcards and artworks, 4 medallions, and a notebook that primarliy document people and places during World War I, particularly German soldiers on the Eastern Front. Many of the postcards are group portraits of soldiers in military uniforms. Several have messages from Gustav Klemp (the primary recipient appears to have been Frau Martha Klemp) and postmarks from areas along the Eastern Front, such as Russia, Poland, and Romania. One postcard from page 15 is postmarked Lautenburg on August 15, 1914, suggesting that Klemp may have been present at the nearby Battle of Tannenberg later that month. The artworks consist of both drawings and watercolors that document similar subject matter found in the postcards. The drawings and watercolors were created by the donor's grandfather, Gustav Klemp. ","Series one contains two certificates, one from the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) in 1901 and one from the Handwerkskammer fur Westprussen zu Danzig in 1910. Series two contains postcards that feature soldiers and landscapes of the Eastern Front during World War I (1914-1918), as well as an artists' group from before the war (1906) and a group of soldiers after the war (1922). Series 3 contains sketches and watercolors illustrating camp life, soldiers, and landscapes on the Eastern Front from 1915-1918. Series four contains four medallions circa 1914, one of Kaiser Willhelm II of Germany, one of Kaiser Willhelm with Emperor Franz-Jozef of Austria, one of Vice Admiral Von Spee, and one of General von Mackensen. Series five consists of a journal circa post-1918 in which Gustav Klemp seems to have written a narrative of the World War I years. The majority of the collection is in German, with some postcards containing text in Hungarian and Polish. ","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","Contains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Klemp, Gustav","German\n            "],"unitid_tesim":["C0250"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"collection_ssim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Klemp, Gustav"],"creator_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"creators_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Richard Passig in September 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 linear feet (1 box)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 linear feet (1 box)"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized versions of items in Series 1-3 can be found here:  \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Gustav Klemp German World War I collection\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~11~11\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized versions of items in Series 1-3 can be found here:  \n                 ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged into three series by format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Certificates, 1901, 1910 (pages 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Postcards, 1906-1922 (pages 3-17, 21, 23-28, 32, 35)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Artwork, 1915-1918 (pages 18-22, 28-34, 36)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Medallions, circa 1914\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Notebook, circa post-1918\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged into three series by format.","Series 1: Certificates, 1901, 1910 (pages 1-2) Series 2: Postcards, 1906-1922 (pages 3-17, 21, 23-28, 32, 35) Series 3: Artwork, 1915-1918 (pages 18-22, 28-34, 36) Series 4: Medallions, circa 1914 Series 5: Notebook, circa post-1918"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp (1882-1941) was an artist from West Prussia in what was Germany until 1919 and is now western Poland. He was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association). Klemp was in his mid-thirties at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he served as a medic with the German Army. He sent a number of postcards from the Eastern front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and he also painted watercolors that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war and troops. After the war and the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. They emigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then in Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May, 1941, six months before the United States entered World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gustav Klemp (1882-1941) was an artist from West Prussia in what was Germany until 1919 and is now western Poland. He was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association). Klemp was in his mid-thirties at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he served as a medic with the German Army. He sent a number of postcards from the Eastern front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and he also painted watercolors that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war and troops. After the war and the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. They emigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then in Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May, 1941, six months before the United States entered World War II."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp German World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD revised by Elizabeth Beckman in December 2016. Finding aid updated by Lana Mason in December 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD revised by Elizabeth Beckman in December 2016. Finding aid updated by Lana Mason in December 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 2 certificates, several postcards and artworks, 4 medallions, and a notebook that primarliy document people and places during World War I, particularly German soldiers on the Eastern Front. Many of the postcards are group portraits of soldiers in military uniforms. Several have messages from Gustav Klemp (the primary recipient appears to have been Frau Martha Klemp) and postmarks from areas along the Eastern Front, such as Russia, Poland, and Romania. One postcard from page 15 is postmarked Lautenburg on August 15, 1914, suggesting that Klemp may have been present at the nearby Battle of Tannenberg later that month. The artworks consist of both drawings and watercolors that document similar subject matter found in the postcards. The drawings and watercolors were created by the donor's grandfather, Gustav Klemp. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries one contains two certificates, one from the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) in 1901 and one from the Handwerkskammer fur Westprussen zu Danzig in 1910. Series two contains postcards that feature soldiers and landscapes of the Eastern Front during World War I (1914-1918), as well as an artists' group from before the war (1906) and a group of soldiers after the war (1922). Series 3 contains sketches and watercolors illustrating camp life, soldiers, and landscapes on the Eastern Front from 1915-1918. Series four contains four medallions circa 1914, one of Kaiser Willhelm II of Germany, one of Kaiser Willhelm with Emperor Franz-Jozef of Austria, one of Vice Admiral Von Spee, and one of General von Mackensen. Series five consists of a journal circa post-1918 in which Gustav Klemp seems to have written a narrative of the World War I years. The majority of the collection is in German, with some postcards containing text in Hungarian and Polish. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of 2 certificates, several postcards and artworks, 4 medallions, and a notebook that primarliy document people and places during World War I, particularly German soldiers on the Eastern Front. Many of the postcards are group portraits of soldiers in military uniforms. Several have messages from Gustav Klemp (the primary recipient appears to have been Frau Martha Klemp) and postmarks from areas along the Eastern Front, such as Russia, Poland, and Romania. One postcard from page 15 is postmarked Lautenburg on August 15, 1914, suggesting that Klemp may have been present at the nearby Battle of Tannenberg later that month. The artworks consist of both drawings and watercolors that document similar subject matter found in the postcards. The drawings and watercolors were created by the donor's grandfather, Gustav Klemp. ","Series one contains two certificates, one from the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) in 1901 and one from the Handwerkskammer fur Westprussen zu Danzig in 1910. Series two contains postcards that feature soldiers and landscapes of the Eastern Front during World War I (1914-1918), as well as an artists' group from before the war (1906) and a group of soldiers after the war (1922). Series 3 contains sketches and watercolors illustrating camp life, soldiers, and landscapes on the Eastern Front from 1915-1918. Series four contains four medallions circa 1914, one of Kaiser Willhelm II of Germany, one of Kaiser Willhelm with Emperor Franz-Jozef of Austria, one of Vice Admiral Von Spee, and one of General von Mackensen. Series five consists of a journal circa post-1918 in which Gustav Klemp seems to have written a narrative of the World War I years. The majority of the collection is in German, with some postcards containing text in Hungarian and Polish. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Contains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Klemp, Gustav"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center."],"persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"language_ssim":["German\n            "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:54:47.290Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","ead_ssi":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","_root_":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_gustavklempcollection","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/gustavklempcollection.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/gustavklempcollection.html","title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-1922"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1922"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0250"],"text":["C0250","Gustav Klemp German World War I collection","World War, 1914-1918","Postcards","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized versions of items in Series 1-3 can be found here:  \n                 .","Materials are arranged into three series by format.","Series 1: Certificates, 1901, 1910 (pages 1-2) Series 2: Postcards, 1906-1922 (pages 3-17, 21, 23-28, 32, 35) Series 3: Artwork, 1915-1918 (pages 18-22, 28-34, 36) Series 4: Medallions, circa 1914 Series 5: Notebook, circa post-1918","Gustav Klemp (1882-1941) was an artist from West Prussia in what was Germany until 1919 and is now western Poland. He was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association). Klemp was in his mid-thirties at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he served as a medic with the German Army. He sent a number of postcards from the Eastern front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and he also painted watercolors that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war and troops. After the war and the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. They emigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then in Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May, 1941, six months before the United States entered World War II.","Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD revised by Elizabeth Beckman in December 2016. Finding aid updated by Lana Mason in December 2018.","The collection consists of 2 certificates, several postcards and artworks, 4 medallions, and a notebook that primarliy document people and places during World War I, particularly German soldiers on the Eastern Front. Many of the postcards are group portraits of soldiers in military uniforms. Several have messages from Gustav Klemp (the primary recipient appears to have been Frau Martha Klemp) and postmarks from areas along the Eastern Front, such as Russia, Poland, and Romania. One postcard from page 15 is postmarked Lautenburg on August 15, 1914, suggesting that Klemp may have been present at the nearby Battle of Tannenberg later that month. The artworks consist of both drawings and watercolors that document similar subject matter found in the postcards. The drawings and watercolors were created by the donor's grandfather, Gustav Klemp. ","Series one contains two certificates, one from the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) in 1901 and one from the Handwerkskammer fur Westprussen zu Danzig in 1910. Series two contains postcards that feature soldiers and landscapes of the Eastern Front during World War I (1914-1918), as well as an artists' group from before the war (1906) and a group of soldiers after the war (1922). Series 3 contains sketches and watercolors illustrating camp life, soldiers, and landscapes on the Eastern Front from 1915-1918. Series four contains four medallions circa 1914, one of Kaiser Willhelm II of Germany, one of Kaiser Willhelm with Emperor Franz-Jozef of Austria, one of Vice Admiral Von Spee, and one of General von Mackensen. Series five consists of a journal circa post-1918 in which Gustav Klemp seems to have written a narrative of the World War I years. The majority of the collection is in German, with some postcards containing text in Hungarian and Polish. ","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","Contains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Klemp, Gustav","German\n            "],"unitid_tesim":["C0250"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"collection_ssim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Klemp, Gustav"],"creator_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"creators_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Richard Passig in September 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 linear feet (1 box)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 linear feet (1 box)"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized versions of items in Series 1-3 can be found here:  \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Gustav Klemp German World War I collection\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~11~11\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized versions of items in Series 1-3 can be found here:  \n                 ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged into three series by format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Certificates, 1901, 1910 (pages 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Postcards, 1906-1922 (pages 3-17, 21, 23-28, 32, 35)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Artwork, 1915-1918 (pages 18-22, 28-34, 36)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Medallions, circa 1914\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Notebook, circa post-1918\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged into three series by format.","Series 1: Certificates, 1901, 1910 (pages 1-2) Series 2: Postcards, 1906-1922 (pages 3-17, 21, 23-28, 32, 35) Series 3: Artwork, 1915-1918 (pages 18-22, 28-34, 36) Series 4: Medallions, circa 1914 Series 5: Notebook, circa post-1918"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp (1882-1941) was an artist from West Prussia in what was Germany until 1919 and is now western Poland. He was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association). Klemp was in his mid-thirties at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he served as a medic with the German Army. He sent a number of postcards from the Eastern front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and he also painted watercolors that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war and troops. After the war and the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. They emigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then in Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May, 1941, six months before the United States entered World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gustav Klemp (1882-1941) was an artist from West Prussia in what was Germany until 1919 and is now western Poland. He was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association). Klemp was in his mid-thirties at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he served as a medic with the German Army. He sent a number of postcards from the Eastern front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and he also painted watercolors that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war and troops. After the war and the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. They emigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then in Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May, 1941, six months before the United States entered World War II."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp German World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Gustav Klemp German World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD revised by Elizabeth Beckman in December 2016. Finding aid updated by Lana Mason in December 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD revised by Elizabeth Beckman in December 2016. Finding aid updated by Lana Mason in December 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 2 certificates, several postcards and artworks, 4 medallions, and a notebook that primarliy document people and places during World War I, particularly German soldiers on the Eastern Front. Many of the postcards are group portraits of soldiers in military uniforms. Several have messages from Gustav Klemp (the primary recipient appears to have been Frau Martha Klemp) and postmarks from areas along the Eastern Front, such as Russia, Poland, and Romania. One postcard from page 15 is postmarked Lautenburg on August 15, 1914, suggesting that Klemp may have been present at the nearby Battle of Tannenberg later that month. The artworks consist of both drawings and watercolors that document similar subject matter found in the postcards. The drawings and watercolors were created by the donor's grandfather, Gustav Klemp. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries one contains two certificates, one from the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) in 1901 and one from the Handwerkskammer fur Westprussen zu Danzig in 1910. Series two contains postcards that feature soldiers and landscapes of the Eastern Front during World War I (1914-1918), as well as an artists' group from before the war (1906) and a group of soldiers after the war (1922). Series 3 contains sketches and watercolors illustrating camp life, soldiers, and landscapes on the Eastern Front from 1915-1918. Series four contains four medallions circa 1914, one of Kaiser Willhelm II of Germany, one of Kaiser Willhelm with Emperor Franz-Jozef of Austria, one of Vice Admiral Von Spee, and one of General von Mackensen. Series five consists of a journal circa post-1918 in which Gustav Klemp seems to have written a narrative of the World War I years. The majority of the collection is in German, with some postcards containing text in Hungarian and Polish. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of 2 certificates, several postcards and artworks, 4 medallions, and a notebook that primarliy document people and places during World War I, particularly German soldiers on the Eastern Front. Many of the postcards are group portraits of soldiers in military uniforms. Several have messages from Gustav Klemp (the primary recipient appears to have been Frau Martha Klemp) and postmarks from areas along the Eastern Front, such as Russia, Poland, and Romania. One postcard from page 15 is postmarked Lautenburg on August 15, 1914, suggesting that Klemp may have been present at the nearby Battle of Tannenberg later that month. The artworks consist of both drawings and watercolors that document similar subject matter found in the postcards. The drawings and watercolors were created by the donor's grandfather, Gustav Klemp. ","Series one contains two certificates, one from the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) in 1901 and one from the Handwerkskammer fur Westprussen zu Danzig in 1910. Series two contains postcards that feature soldiers and landscapes of the Eastern Front during World War I (1914-1918), as well as an artists' group from before the war (1906) and a group of soldiers after the war (1922). Series 3 contains sketches and watercolors illustrating camp life, soldiers, and landscapes on the Eastern Front from 1915-1918. Series four contains four medallions circa 1914, one of Kaiser Willhelm II of Germany, one of Kaiser Willhelm with Emperor Franz-Jozef of Austria, one of Vice Admiral Von Spee, and one of General von Mackensen. Series five consists of a journal circa post-1918 in which Gustav Klemp seems to have written a narrative of the World War I years. The majority of the collection is in German, with some postcards containing text in Hungarian and Polish. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Gustav Klemp German World War I collection must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Contains certificates, postcards, artwork, and a notebook by Gustav Klemp (1882-1941), an artist and German army medic during the First World War, as well as First World War-era medallions."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Klemp, Gustav"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center."],"persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav"],"language_ssim":["German\n            "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:54:47.290Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_gustavklempcollection"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Gustav Klemp World War I collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_377.xml","title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1892-1920s","1914-1918"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1914-1918"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1892-1920s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0250","/repositories/2/resources/377"],"text":["C0250","/repositories/2/resources/377","Gustav Klemp World War I collection","World War, 1914-1918","Photographs","Military camps","Art","Postcards","The handwritten narrative is restricted due to preservation concerns. It was digitized and is available to view   There are no other restrictions.","The majority of this collection was digitized and is available to view ","This collection is arranged by item format: certificates, postcards and photographs, artworks, commemorative medallions, and the handwritten narrative.","Gustav Klemp (May 16, 1882-April 1, 1941) was a house painter, photographer, and artist who resided in West Prussia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Klemp was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) and owned a house painting business, as well as a side photography business, in Podgórz, then West Prussia. Podgórz, which still exists, is a district of the city of Toruń in now Poland. Klemp was 32 at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he reluctantly served as a medic with the German Army. He sent dozens of postcards from the Eastern Front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Many of these postcards were photographic, and were shot and developed by Klemp during his military service.","Klemp also created watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. Klemp survived the war, and after the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. The Klemp family then immigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May 1941 at the age of 59, six months before the United States entered World War II.","\nProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2022.","\nCollection reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from January-February 2024. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2024. Inventory assistance provided by Meghan Glasbrenner.","\nGerman transcription and translation provided by Dorothee Schubel, Metadata and Cataloging Librarian at George Mason University Libraries. Transkribus by READ-COOP was used for the Kurrent Script transcription.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections on World War I, including the   and the ","\nThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection consists of postcards (both photographic and printed), photographs, artworks, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative that document the military service experience of Gustav Klemp, a Prussian medic with the German army who served on the Eastern Front during World War I. The materials were created from circa 1892-1920s, with the bulk of materials created from 1914-1918. Many of the photographic postcards are group portraits of German soldiers, as well as images of military camp life, many of which feature Klemp. Several of the postcards have messages written in Kurrent and Latin script from Klemp to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Klemp sent postcards from across the Eastern Front, including Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine.\n","\nAlso included in the collection are artworks created by Klemp during his time on the Eastern Front. These include watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. A couple of the pieces of art in this collection were likely painted by one of his fellow soldiers and acquired by Klemp during his service.\n","\nTranscription and translation of text is provided where applicable in the inventory scope notes.\n","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","The Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922.","R 50, C 2, S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941","German \n,        Hungarian \n,        Polish \n,        Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0250","/repositories/2/resources/377"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"collection_ssim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"creator_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"creators_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Klemp's grandson, Richard Passig, in September 2014, and February-March 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","Photographs","Military camps","Art","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","Photographs","Military camps","Art","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.75 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.75 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe handwritten narrative is restricted due to preservation concerns. It was digitized and is available to view \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/detail/GMU~11~11~1098~188409:Narrative-of-World-War-I-journal?sort=title%2Cdate%2Ccreator%2Csubject\u0026amp;qvq=sort:title%2Cdate%2Ccreator%2Csubject;lc:GMU~11~11\u0026amp;mi=29\u0026amp;trs=129\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e There are no other restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The handwritten narrative is restricted due to preservation concerns. It was digitized and is available to view   There are no other restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection was digitized and is available to view \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~11~11\" title=\"here.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The majority of this collection was digitized and is available to view "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by item format: certificates, postcards and photographs, artworks, commemorative medallions, and the handwritten narrative.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by item format: certificates, postcards and photographs, artworks, commemorative medallions, and the handwritten narrative."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp (May 16, 1882-April 1, 1941) was a house painter, photographer, and artist who resided in West Prussia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Klemp was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) and owned a house painting business, as well as a side photography business, in Podgórz, then West Prussia. Podgórz, which still exists, is a district of the city of Toruń in now Poland. Klemp was 32 at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he reluctantly served as a medic with the German Army. He sent dozens of postcards from the Eastern Front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Many of these postcards were photographic, and were shot and developed by Klemp during his military service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKlemp also created watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. Klemp survived the war, and after the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. The Klemp family then immigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May 1941 at the age of 59, six months before the United States entered World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gustav Klemp (May 16, 1882-April 1, 1941) was a house painter, photographer, and artist who resided in West Prussia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Klemp was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) and owned a house painting business, as well as a side photography business, in Podgórz, then West Prussia. Podgórz, which still exists, is a district of the city of Toruń in now Poland. Klemp was 32 at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he reluctantly served as a medic with the German Army. He sent dozens of postcards from the Eastern Front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Many of these postcards were photographic, and were shot and developed by Klemp during his military service.","Klemp also created watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. Klemp survived the war, and after the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. The Klemp family then immigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May 1941 at the age of 59, six months before the United States entered World War II."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCollection reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from January-February 2024. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2024. Inventory assistance provided by Meghan Glasbrenner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nGerman transcription and translation provided by Dorothee Schubel, Metadata and Cataloging Librarian at George Mason University Libraries. Transkribus by READ-COOP was used for the Kurrent Script transcription.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["\nProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2022.","\nCollection reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from January-February 2024. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2024. Inventory assistance provided by Meghan Glasbrenner.","\nGerman transcription and translation provided by Dorothee Schubel, Metadata and Cataloging Librarian at George Mason University Libraries. Transkribus by READ-COOP was used for the Kurrent Script transcription."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections on World War I, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Underwood and Underwood World War I press photographs\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0502\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Diary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop.\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0393\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections on World War I, including the   and the "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection consists of postcards (both photographic and printed), photographs, artworks, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative that document the military service experience of Gustav Klemp, a Prussian medic with the German army who served on the Eastern Front during World War I. The materials were created from circa 1892-1920s, with the bulk of materials created from 1914-1918. Many of the photographic postcards are group portraits of German soldiers, as well as images of military camp life, many of which feature Klemp. Several of the postcards have messages written in Kurrent and Latin script from Klemp to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Klemp sent postcards from across the Eastern Front, including Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso included in the collection are artworks created by Klemp during his time on the Eastern Front. These include watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. A couple of the pieces of art in this collection were likely painted by one of his fellow soldiers and acquired by Klemp during his service.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTranscription and translation of text is provided where applicable in the inventory scope notes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection consists of postcards (both photographic and printed), photographs, artworks, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative that document the military service experience of Gustav Klemp, a Prussian medic with the German army who served on the Eastern Front during World War I. The materials were created from circa 1892-1920s, with the bulk of materials created from 1914-1918. Many of the photographic postcards are group portraits of German soldiers, as well as images of military camp life, many of which feature Klemp. Several of the postcards have messages written in Kurrent and Latin script from Klemp to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Klemp sent postcards from across the Eastern Front, including Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine.\n","\nAlso included in the collection are artworks created by Klemp during his time on the Eastern Front. These include watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. A couple of the pieces of art in this collection were likely painted by one of his fellow soldiers and acquired by Klemp during his service.\n","\nTranscription and translation of text is provided where applicable in the inventory scope notes.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab8d973788edc0af114bd2dede8e8cc5\"\u003eThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a5b7b886b0c743560c24b9c1235a62dd\"\u003eR 50, C 2, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 50, C 2, S 7"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"language_ssim":["German \n,        Hungarian \n,        Polish \n,        Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":130,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:26:58.476Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_377.xml","title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1892-1920s","1914-1918"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1914-1918"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1892-1920s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0250","/repositories/2/resources/377"],"text":["C0250","/repositories/2/resources/377","Gustav Klemp World War I collection","World War, 1914-1918","Photographs","Military camps","Art","Postcards","The handwritten narrative is restricted due to preservation concerns. It was digitized and is available to view   There are no other restrictions.","The majority of this collection was digitized and is available to view ","This collection is arranged by item format: certificates, postcards and photographs, artworks, commemorative medallions, and the handwritten narrative.","Gustav Klemp (May 16, 1882-April 1, 1941) was a house painter, photographer, and artist who resided in West Prussia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Klemp was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) and owned a house painting business, as well as a side photography business, in Podgórz, then West Prussia. Podgórz, which still exists, is a district of the city of Toruń in now Poland. Klemp was 32 at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he reluctantly served as a medic with the German Army. He sent dozens of postcards from the Eastern Front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Many of these postcards were photographic, and were shot and developed by Klemp during his military service.","Klemp also created watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. Klemp survived the war, and after the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. The Klemp family then immigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May 1941 at the age of 59, six months before the United States entered World War II.","\nProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2022.","\nCollection reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from January-February 2024. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2024. Inventory assistance provided by Meghan Glasbrenner.","\nGerman transcription and translation provided by Dorothee Schubel, Metadata and Cataloging Librarian at George Mason University Libraries. Transkribus by READ-COOP was used for the Kurrent Script transcription.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections on World War I, including the   and the ","\nThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection consists of postcards (both photographic and printed), photographs, artworks, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative that document the military service experience of Gustav Klemp, a Prussian medic with the German army who served on the Eastern Front during World War I. The materials were created from circa 1892-1920s, with the bulk of materials created from 1914-1918. Many of the photographic postcards are group portraits of German soldiers, as well as images of military camp life, many of which feature Klemp. Several of the postcards have messages written in Kurrent and Latin script from Klemp to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Klemp sent postcards from across the Eastern Front, including Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine.\n","\nAlso included in the collection are artworks created by Klemp during his time on the Eastern Front. These include watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. A couple of the pieces of art in this collection were likely painted by one of his fellow soldiers and acquired by Klemp during his service.\n","\nTranscription and translation of text is provided where applicable in the inventory scope notes.\n","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","The Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922.","R 50, C 2, S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941","German \n,        Hungarian \n,        Polish \n,        Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0250","/repositories/2/resources/377"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"collection_ssim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"creator_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"creators_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Klemp's grandson, Richard Passig, in September 2014, and February-March 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","Photographs","Military camps","Art","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","Photographs","Military camps","Art","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.75 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.75 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe handwritten narrative is restricted due to preservation concerns. It was digitized and is available to view \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/detail/GMU~11~11~1098~188409:Narrative-of-World-War-I-journal?sort=title%2Cdate%2Ccreator%2Csubject\u0026amp;qvq=sort:title%2Cdate%2Ccreator%2Csubject;lc:GMU~11~11\u0026amp;mi=29\u0026amp;trs=129\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e There are no other restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The handwritten narrative is restricted due to preservation concerns. It was digitized and is available to view   There are no other restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection was digitized and is available to view \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~11~11\" title=\"here.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The majority of this collection was digitized and is available to view "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by item format: certificates, postcards and photographs, artworks, commemorative medallions, and the handwritten narrative.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by item format: certificates, postcards and photographs, artworks, commemorative medallions, and the handwritten narrative."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp (May 16, 1882-April 1, 1941) was a house painter, photographer, and artist who resided in West Prussia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Klemp was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) and owned a house painting business, as well as a side photography business, in Podgórz, then West Prussia. Podgórz, which still exists, is a district of the city of Toruń in now Poland. Klemp was 32 at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he reluctantly served as a medic with the German Army. He sent dozens of postcards from the Eastern Front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Many of these postcards were photographic, and were shot and developed by Klemp during his military service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKlemp also created watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. Klemp survived the war, and after the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. The Klemp family then immigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May 1941 at the age of 59, six months before the United States entered World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gustav Klemp (May 16, 1882-April 1, 1941) was a house painter, photographer, and artist who resided in West Prussia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Klemp was a member of the Deutschen Maler-Bundes (German Painters' Association) and owned a house painting business, as well as a side photography business, in Podgórz, then West Prussia. Podgórz, which still exists, is a district of the city of Toruń in now Poland. Klemp was 32 at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and he reluctantly served as a medic with the German Army. He sent dozens of postcards from the Eastern Front to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Many of these postcards were photographic, and were shot and developed by Klemp during his military service.","Klemp also created watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. Klemp survived the war, and after the creation of an independent Poland, he and his family were given the decision to become Polish citizens or emigrate. The Klemp family then immigrated to the United States and settled in the upper midwest, first in Iowa and then Wisconsin. Klemp made his living in the United States primarily by painting murals for churches. He died in May 1941 at the age of 59, six months before the United States entered World War II."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGustav Klemp World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Gustav Klemp World War I collection, C0250, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCollection reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from January-February 2024. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2024. Inventory assistance provided by Meghan Glasbrenner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nGerman transcription and translation provided by Dorothee Schubel, Metadata and Cataloging Librarian at George Mason University Libraries. Transkribus by READ-COOP was used for the Kurrent Script transcription.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["\nProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in November 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2022.","\nCollection reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from January-February 2024. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2024. Inventory assistance provided by Meghan Glasbrenner.","\nGerman transcription and translation provided by Dorothee Schubel, Metadata and Cataloging Librarian at George Mason University Libraries. Transkribus by READ-COOP was used for the Kurrent Script transcription."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections on World War I, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Underwood and Underwood World War I press photographs\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0502\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Diary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop.\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0393\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections on World War I, including the   and the "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection consists of postcards (both photographic and printed), photographs, artworks, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative that document the military service experience of Gustav Klemp, a Prussian medic with the German army who served on the Eastern Front during World War I. The materials were created from circa 1892-1920s, with the bulk of materials created from 1914-1918. Many of the photographic postcards are group portraits of German soldiers, as well as images of military camp life, many of which feature Klemp. Several of the postcards have messages written in Kurrent and Latin script from Klemp to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Klemp sent postcards from across the Eastern Front, including Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso included in the collection are artworks created by Klemp during his time on the Eastern Front. These include watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. A couple of the pieces of art in this collection were likely painted by one of his fellow soldiers and acquired by Klemp during his service.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTranscription and translation of text is provided where applicable in the inventory scope notes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection consists of postcards (both photographic and printed), photographs, artworks, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative that document the military service experience of Gustav Klemp, a Prussian medic with the German army who served on the Eastern Front during World War I. The materials were created from circa 1892-1920s, with the bulk of materials created from 1914-1918. Many of the photographic postcards are group portraits of German soldiers, as well as images of military camp life, many of which feature Klemp. Several of the postcards have messages written in Kurrent and Latin script from Klemp to his wife, Martha Klemp, and other friends and family. Klemp sent postcards from across the Eastern Front, including Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine.\n","\nAlso included in the collection are artworks created by Klemp during his time on the Eastern Front. These include watercolors, and ink and graphite drawings that portrayed camp life, landscapes of the war, and German troops. A couple of the pieces of art in this collection were likely painted by one of his fellow soldiers and acquired by Klemp during his service.\n","\nTranscription and translation of text is provided where applicable in the inventory scope notes.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab8d973788edc0af114bd2dede8e8cc5\"\u003eThe Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Gustav Klemp World War I collection contains certificates, postcards, artwork, commemorative medals, and a handwritten narrative by Gustav Klemp, a Prussian artist and German army medic during the First World War, from circa 1892-1922."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a5b7b886b0c743560c24b9c1235a62dd\"\u003eR 50, C 2, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 50, C 2, S 7"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Klemp, Gustav, 1882-1941"],"language_ssim":["German \n,        Hungarian \n,        Polish \n,        Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":130,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:26:58.476Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_377"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hugh Goodwin family collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Goodwin, Hugh","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_736.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hugh Goodwin family collection","title_ssm":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1910s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1910s-1980s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0527","/repositories/2/resources/736"],"text":["C0527","/repositories/2/resources/736","Hugh Goodwin family collection","Africa","Africa, West","World War, 1914-1918","Creative writing","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.","\"Helles Memorial in Çanakkale.\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2133479/helles-memorial.","\"John Henry Davy Clarke (Unknown-1915).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/56006482/john_henry_davy-clarke.","\"Lance Serjeant John Henry Davy Clarke.\" n.d. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/697186/john-henry-davy-clarke/.","Beatrice (also known as Trix) Emma Suzanne Clarke was born on September 6, 1891 in London, England to Frank Randall and concert pianist Mary Elizabeth (formerly Morgan) Clarke (known professionally as E.W. Ellis). Beatrice attended Owens College (now Victoria University of Manchester) before moving to the United States in 1913 where she met American Charles C. Goodwin. Born on September 10, 1890, Charles Clement Goodwin was a native of Portland, Maine and the son of Charles Henry and Susan (formerly Sanders) Goodwin. Beatrice and Charles married on June 8, 1914 and their first of four children, son Robert (father of Hugh Goodwin), was born just over a year later on July 13, 1915. Over the course of their marriage, Charles' work as an engineer required that he travel overseas for extended periods of time, leaving Beatrice at home to raise their children. Beatrice also devoted her time to serving as a Girl Scout leader, a role she held for 30 years, a Red Cross volunteer, receiving a citation for her work during World War II, and working as a news reporter and lecturer. Following the end of the war in 1946, and with their children now grown, Beatrice was able to join Charles in West Africa, where he had been working for eight years as an engineer for a manganese mining company. Sometime in the 1950s, the couple returned to America and eventually made one final move to St. Petersburg, Florida. Charles passed away on October 15, 1969 at the age of 79. Beatrice passed away on March 7, 1972 at the age of 80.","John Henry David Clarke (also known as Jack Clarke) was born in 1890 in London, England, the elder brother of Beatrice Clarke. In 1914, he enlisted with the British Army and served as a Lance Serjeant in the Manchester Regiment during World War I. As part of the 1/6th Battalion, Clarke was initially stationed in Egypt as part of the East Lancashire Division and later took part in the eight month campaign on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula. Clarke was one of over 21,000 Commonwealth servicemen killed in action during this campaign, with his death listed on the Helles Memorial obelisk as August 7, 1915 at the age of 26.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in February 2025. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from March - April 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  Lavinia Scott papers .","The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt. Correspondence includes letters sent by Jack Clarke to his family while stationed in Egypt during World War I, letters and postcards sent to family and friends by Charles and Beatrice Goodwin, and letters sent to Charles and Beatrice by others, including several individuals they met while living in West Africa. ","The majority of the materials include typed and handwritten notes and manuscripts of articles and stories, most dealing with experiences and people in West Africa, written by Beatrice under the pen name Trix Goodwyn, as well as a manuscript written by Jack Clarke titled \"Clarke's History of the War.\" The collection also includes a large number of photographs and scrapbooks, most documenting Charles and Beatrice's time living in West Africa, as well as two small albums containing photographs of Jack Clarke's experiences in Egypt during World War I, as well as newspaper clippings, most dealing with West Africa or stories about the Goodwin family, and general mementos and ephemera.","All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt.","R 73 , C 2 , S 2\nR 73 , C 3 , S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Goodwin, Hugh","Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0527","/repositories/2/resources/736"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Africa","Africa, West"],"geogname_ssim":["Africa","Africa, West"],"creator_ssm":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"creator_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"creators_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"places_ssim":["Africa","Africa, West"],"access_terms_ssm":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Hugh Goodwin, grandson of Beatrice \u0026 Charles Goodwin, in October 2023 and February 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","Creative writing","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","Creative writing","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Helles Memorial in Çanakkale.\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2133479/helles-memorial.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"John Henry Davy Clarke (Unknown-1915).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/56006482/john_henry_davy-clarke.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Lance Serjeant John Henry Davy Clarke.\" n.d. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/697186/john-henry-davy-clarke/.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Helles Memorial in Çanakkale.\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2133479/helles-memorial.","\"John Henry Davy Clarke (Unknown-1915).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/56006482/john_henry_davy-clarke.","\"Lance Serjeant John Henry Davy Clarke.\" n.d. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/697186/john-henry-davy-clarke/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeatrice (also known as Trix) Emma Suzanne Clarke was born on September 6, 1891 in London, England to Frank Randall and concert pianist Mary Elizabeth (formerly Morgan) Clarke (known professionally as E.W. Ellis). Beatrice attended Owens College (now Victoria University of Manchester) before moving to the United States in 1913 where she met American Charles C. Goodwin. Born on September 10, 1890, Charles Clement Goodwin was a native of Portland, Maine and the son of Charles Henry and Susan (formerly Sanders) Goodwin. Beatrice and Charles married on June 8, 1914 and their first of four children, son Robert (father of Hugh Goodwin), was born just over a year later on July 13, 1915. Over the course of their marriage, Charles' work as an engineer required that he travel overseas for extended periods of time, leaving Beatrice at home to raise their children. Beatrice also devoted her time to serving as a Girl Scout leader, a role she held for 30 years, a Red Cross volunteer, receiving a citation for her work during World War II, and working as a news reporter and lecturer. Following the end of the war in 1946, and with their children now grown, Beatrice was able to join Charles in West Africa, where he had been working for eight years as an engineer for a manganese mining company. Sometime in the 1950s, the couple returned to America and eventually made one final move to St. Petersburg, Florida. Charles passed away on October 15, 1969 at the age of 79. Beatrice passed away on March 7, 1972 at the age of 80.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Henry David Clarke (also known as Jack Clarke) was born in 1890 in London, England, the elder brother of Beatrice Clarke. In 1914, he enlisted with the British Army and served as a Lance Serjeant in the Manchester Regiment during World War I. As part of the 1/6th Battalion, Clarke was initially stationed in Egypt as part of the East Lancashire Division and later took part in the eight month campaign on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula. Clarke was one of over 21,000 Commonwealth servicemen killed in action during this campaign, with his death listed on the Helles Memorial obelisk as August 7, 1915 at the age of 26.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beatrice (also known as Trix) Emma Suzanne Clarke was born on September 6, 1891 in London, England to Frank Randall and concert pianist Mary Elizabeth (formerly Morgan) Clarke (known professionally as E.W. Ellis). Beatrice attended Owens College (now Victoria University of Manchester) before moving to the United States in 1913 where she met American Charles C. Goodwin. Born on September 10, 1890, Charles Clement Goodwin was a native of Portland, Maine and the son of Charles Henry and Susan (formerly Sanders) Goodwin. Beatrice and Charles married on June 8, 1914 and their first of four children, son Robert (father of Hugh Goodwin), was born just over a year later on July 13, 1915. Over the course of their marriage, Charles' work as an engineer required that he travel overseas for extended periods of time, leaving Beatrice at home to raise their children. Beatrice also devoted her time to serving as a Girl Scout leader, a role she held for 30 years, a Red Cross volunteer, receiving a citation for her work during World War II, and working as a news reporter and lecturer. Following the end of the war in 1946, and with their children now grown, Beatrice was able to join Charles in West Africa, where he had been working for eight years as an engineer for a manganese mining company. Sometime in the 1950s, the couple returned to America and eventually made one final move to St. Petersburg, Florida. Charles passed away on October 15, 1969 at the age of 79. Beatrice passed away on March 7, 1972 at the age of 80.","John Henry David Clarke (also known as Jack Clarke) was born in 1890 in London, England, the elder brother of Beatrice Clarke. In 1914, he enlisted with the British Army and served as a Lance Serjeant in the Manchester Regiment during World War I. As part of the 1/6th Battalion, Clarke was initially stationed in Egypt as part of the East Lancashire Division and later took part in the eight month campaign on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula. Clarke was one of over 21,000 Commonwealth servicemen killed in action during this campaign, with his death listed on the Helles Memorial obelisk as August 7, 1915 at the age of 26."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Goodwin family collection, C0527, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection, C0527, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in February 2025. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from March - April 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in February 2025. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from March - April 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0506\"\u003eLavinia Scott papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  Lavinia Scott papers ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt. Correspondence includes letters sent by Jack Clarke to his family while stationed in Egypt during World War I, letters and postcards sent to family and friends by Charles and Beatrice Goodwin, and letters sent to Charles and Beatrice by others, including several individuals they met while living in West Africa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the materials include typed and handwritten notes and manuscripts of articles and stories, most dealing with experiences and people in West Africa, written by Beatrice under the pen name Trix Goodwyn, as well as a manuscript written by Jack Clarke titled \"Clarke's History of the War.\" The collection also includes a large number of photographs and scrapbooks, most documenting Charles and Beatrice's time living in West Africa, as well as two small albums containing photographs of Jack Clarke's experiences in Egypt during World War I, as well as newspaper clippings, most dealing with West Africa or stories about the Goodwin family, and general mementos and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt. Correspondence includes letters sent by Jack Clarke to his family while stationed in Egypt during World War I, letters and postcards sent to family and friends by Charles and Beatrice Goodwin, and letters sent to Charles and Beatrice by others, including several individuals they met while living in West Africa. ","The majority of the materials include typed and handwritten notes and manuscripts of articles and stories, most dealing with experiences and people in West Africa, written by Beatrice under the pen name Trix Goodwyn, as well as a manuscript written by Jack Clarke titled \"Clarke's History of the War.\" The collection also includes a large number of photographs and scrapbooks, most documenting Charles and Beatrice's time living in West Africa, as well as two small albums containing photographs of Jack Clarke's experiences in Egypt during World War I, as well as newspaper clippings, most dealing with West Africa or stories about the Goodwin family, and general mementos and ephemera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_04f9f7184a71a44f2c3b8bddb92f0532\"\u003eThe Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_69bcb353677c325ff7c0605c48bc2660\"\u003eR 73 , C 2 , S 2\nR 73 , C 3 , S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 73 , C 2 , S 2\nR 73 , C 3 , S 1"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Goodwin, Hugh","Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969"],"persname_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh","Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_736.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hugh Goodwin family collection","title_ssm":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1910s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1910s-1980s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0527","/repositories/2/resources/736"],"text":["C0527","/repositories/2/resources/736","Hugh Goodwin family collection","Africa","Africa, West","World War, 1914-1918","Creative writing","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.","\"Helles Memorial in Çanakkale.\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2133479/helles-memorial.","\"John Henry Davy Clarke (Unknown-1915).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/56006482/john_henry_davy-clarke.","\"Lance Serjeant John Henry Davy Clarke.\" n.d. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/697186/john-henry-davy-clarke/.","Beatrice (also known as Trix) Emma Suzanne Clarke was born on September 6, 1891 in London, England to Frank Randall and concert pianist Mary Elizabeth (formerly Morgan) Clarke (known professionally as E.W. Ellis). Beatrice attended Owens College (now Victoria University of Manchester) before moving to the United States in 1913 where she met American Charles C. Goodwin. Born on September 10, 1890, Charles Clement Goodwin was a native of Portland, Maine and the son of Charles Henry and Susan (formerly Sanders) Goodwin. Beatrice and Charles married on June 8, 1914 and their first of four children, son Robert (father of Hugh Goodwin), was born just over a year later on July 13, 1915. Over the course of their marriage, Charles' work as an engineer required that he travel overseas for extended periods of time, leaving Beatrice at home to raise their children. Beatrice also devoted her time to serving as a Girl Scout leader, a role she held for 30 years, a Red Cross volunteer, receiving a citation for her work during World War II, and working as a news reporter and lecturer. Following the end of the war in 1946, and with their children now grown, Beatrice was able to join Charles in West Africa, where he had been working for eight years as an engineer for a manganese mining company. Sometime in the 1950s, the couple returned to America and eventually made one final move to St. Petersburg, Florida. Charles passed away on October 15, 1969 at the age of 79. Beatrice passed away on March 7, 1972 at the age of 80.","John Henry David Clarke (also known as Jack Clarke) was born in 1890 in London, England, the elder brother of Beatrice Clarke. In 1914, he enlisted with the British Army and served as a Lance Serjeant in the Manchester Regiment during World War I. As part of the 1/6th Battalion, Clarke was initially stationed in Egypt as part of the East Lancashire Division and later took part in the eight month campaign on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula. Clarke was one of over 21,000 Commonwealth servicemen killed in action during this campaign, with his death listed on the Helles Memorial obelisk as August 7, 1915 at the age of 26.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in February 2025. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from March - April 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  Lavinia Scott papers .","The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt. Correspondence includes letters sent by Jack Clarke to his family while stationed in Egypt during World War I, letters and postcards sent to family and friends by Charles and Beatrice Goodwin, and letters sent to Charles and Beatrice by others, including several individuals they met while living in West Africa. ","The majority of the materials include typed and handwritten notes and manuscripts of articles and stories, most dealing with experiences and people in West Africa, written by Beatrice under the pen name Trix Goodwyn, as well as a manuscript written by Jack Clarke titled \"Clarke's History of the War.\" The collection also includes a large number of photographs and scrapbooks, most documenting Charles and Beatrice's time living in West Africa, as well as two small albums containing photographs of Jack Clarke's experiences in Egypt during World War I, as well as newspaper clippings, most dealing with West Africa or stories about the Goodwin family, and general mementos and ephemera.","All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt.","R 73 , C 2 , S 2\nR 73 , C 3 , S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Goodwin, Hugh","Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0527","/repositories/2/resources/736"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Africa","Africa, West"],"geogname_ssim":["Africa","Africa, West"],"creator_ssm":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"creator_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"creators_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh"],"places_ssim":["Africa","Africa, West"],"access_terms_ssm":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Hugh Goodwin, grandson of Beatrice \u0026 Charles Goodwin, in October 2023 and February 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","Creative writing","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","Creative writing","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Photographs","Correspondence","Postcards","Newspapers"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Helles Memorial in Çanakkale.\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2133479/helles-memorial.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"John Henry Davy Clarke (Unknown-1915).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/56006482/john_henry_davy-clarke.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Lance Serjeant John Henry Davy Clarke.\" n.d. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/697186/john-henry-davy-clarke/.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Helles Memorial in Çanakkale.\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2133479/helles-memorial.","\"John Henry Davy Clarke (Unknown-1915).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/56006482/john_henry_davy-clarke.","\"Lance Serjeant John Henry Davy Clarke.\" n.d. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/697186/john-henry-davy-clarke/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeatrice (also known as Trix) Emma Suzanne Clarke was born on September 6, 1891 in London, England to Frank Randall and concert pianist Mary Elizabeth (formerly Morgan) Clarke (known professionally as E.W. Ellis). Beatrice attended Owens College (now Victoria University of Manchester) before moving to the United States in 1913 where she met American Charles C. Goodwin. Born on September 10, 1890, Charles Clement Goodwin was a native of Portland, Maine and the son of Charles Henry and Susan (formerly Sanders) Goodwin. Beatrice and Charles married on June 8, 1914 and their first of four children, son Robert (father of Hugh Goodwin), was born just over a year later on July 13, 1915. Over the course of their marriage, Charles' work as an engineer required that he travel overseas for extended periods of time, leaving Beatrice at home to raise their children. Beatrice also devoted her time to serving as a Girl Scout leader, a role she held for 30 years, a Red Cross volunteer, receiving a citation for her work during World War II, and working as a news reporter and lecturer. Following the end of the war in 1946, and with their children now grown, Beatrice was able to join Charles in West Africa, where he had been working for eight years as an engineer for a manganese mining company. Sometime in the 1950s, the couple returned to America and eventually made one final move to St. Petersburg, Florida. Charles passed away on October 15, 1969 at the age of 79. Beatrice passed away on March 7, 1972 at the age of 80.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Henry David Clarke (also known as Jack Clarke) was born in 1890 in London, England, the elder brother of Beatrice Clarke. In 1914, he enlisted with the British Army and served as a Lance Serjeant in the Manchester Regiment during World War I. As part of the 1/6th Battalion, Clarke was initially stationed in Egypt as part of the East Lancashire Division and later took part in the eight month campaign on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula. Clarke was one of over 21,000 Commonwealth servicemen killed in action during this campaign, with his death listed on the Helles Memorial obelisk as August 7, 1915 at the age of 26.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beatrice (also known as Trix) Emma Suzanne Clarke was born on September 6, 1891 in London, England to Frank Randall and concert pianist Mary Elizabeth (formerly Morgan) Clarke (known professionally as E.W. Ellis). Beatrice attended Owens College (now Victoria University of Manchester) before moving to the United States in 1913 where she met American Charles C. Goodwin. Born on September 10, 1890, Charles Clement Goodwin was a native of Portland, Maine and the son of Charles Henry and Susan (formerly Sanders) Goodwin. Beatrice and Charles married on June 8, 1914 and their first of four children, son Robert (father of Hugh Goodwin), was born just over a year later on July 13, 1915. Over the course of their marriage, Charles' work as an engineer required that he travel overseas for extended periods of time, leaving Beatrice at home to raise their children. Beatrice also devoted her time to serving as a Girl Scout leader, a role she held for 30 years, a Red Cross volunteer, receiving a citation for her work during World War II, and working as a news reporter and lecturer. Following the end of the war in 1946, and with their children now grown, Beatrice was able to join Charles in West Africa, where he had been working for eight years as an engineer for a manganese mining company. Sometime in the 1950s, the couple returned to America and eventually made one final move to St. Petersburg, Florida. Charles passed away on October 15, 1969 at the age of 79. Beatrice passed away on March 7, 1972 at the age of 80.","John Henry David Clarke (also known as Jack Clarke) was born in 1890 in London, England, the elder brother of Beatrice Clarke. In 1914, he enlisted with the British Army and served as a Lance Serjeant in the Manchester Regiment during World War I. As part of the 1/6th Battalion, Clarke was initially stationed in Egypt as part of the East Lancashire Division and later took part in the eight month campaign on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula. Clarke was one of over 21,000 Commonwealth servicemen killed in action during this campaign, with his death listed on the Helles Memorial obelisk as August 7, 1915 at the age of 26."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Goodwin family collection, C0527, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Hugh Goodwin family collection, C0527, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in February 2025. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from March - April 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in February 2025. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from March - April 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0506\"\u003eLavinia Scott papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  Lavinia Scott papers ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt. Correspondence includes letters sent by Jack Clarke to his family while stationed in Egypt during World War I, letters and postcards sent to family and friends by Charles and Beatrice Goodwin, and letters sent to Charles and Beatrice by others, including several individuals they met while living in West Africa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the materials include typed and handwritten notes and manuscripts of articles and stories, most dealing with experiences and people in West Africa, written by Beatrice under the pen name Trix Goodwyn, as well as a manuscript written by Jack Clarke titled \"Clarke's History of the War.\" The collection also includes a large number of photographs and scrapbooks, most documenting Charles and Beatrice's time living in West Africa, as well as two small albums containing photographs of Jack Clarke's experiences in Egypt during World War I, as well as newspaper clippings, most dealing with West Africa or stories about the Goodwin family, and general mementos and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt. Correspondence includes letters sent by Jack Clarke to his family while stationed in Egypt during World War I, letters and postcards sent to family and friends by Charles and Beatrice Goodwin, and letters sent to Charles and Beatrice by others, including several individuals they met while living in West Africa. ","The majority of the materials include typed and handwritten notes and manuscripts of articles and stories, most dealing with experiences and people in West Africa, written by Beatrice under the pen name Trix Goodwyn, as well as a manuscript written by Jack Clarke titled \"Clarke's History of the War.\" The collection also includes a large number of photographs and scrapbooks, most documenting Charles and Beatrice's time living in West Africa, as well as two small albums containing photographs of Jack Clarke's experiences in Egypt during World War I, as well as newspaper clippings, most dealing with West Africa or stories about the Goodwin family, and general mementos and ephemera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_04f9f7184a71a44f2c3b8bddb92f0532\"\u003eThe Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Hugh Goodwin family collection contains correspondence, writings, scrapbooks, photographs, and other materials created and collected by Hugh's grandparents Charles and Beatrice (also known as Trix) Goodwin and his Great Uncle Jack Clarke documenting their work and travels in West Africa and Egypt."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_69bcb353677c325ff7c0605c48bc2660\"\u003eR 73 , C 2 , S 2\nR 73 , C 3 , S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 73 , C 2 , S 2\nR 73 , C 3 , S 1"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Goodwin, Hugh","Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969"],"persname_ssim":["Goodwin, Hugh","Clarke, Jack (John Henry David), 1890-1915","Goodwin, Beatrice, 1891-1972","Goodwin, Charles C., 1890-1969"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_736"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jamestown, Virginia postcards","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Two Jamestown, Virginia postcards from 1907.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_483","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_483.xml","title_ssm":["Jamestown, Virginia postcards"],"title_tesim":["Jamestown, Virginia postcards"],"unitdate_ssm":["1907"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0369","/repositories/2/resources/483"],"text":["C0369","/repositories/2/resources/483","Jamestown, Virginia postcards","Jamestown (Va.)","Virginia -- History","Postcards","There are no access restrictions.","This collection was digitized and is available ","This is a single folder collection.","de Ruiter, Brian. \"Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exposition of 1907.\" Encyclopedia Virginia. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Jamestown_Ter-Centennial_Exposition_of_1907#start_entry (accessed July 12, 2019).","The Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exhibition was a World's Fair held in 1907 in Norfolk, Virginia. It was intended to be a celebration of the 300th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown and the colony of Virginia, following in the successful tradition of similar exhibitions across the United States. The fair was plagued with organizational and financial problems, and eventually was deemed a commercial failure, but did see some success in its exhibitions, particularly one on African Americans.","Reprocessing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2019. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2019. This collection used to be a part of the Virginia historical documents collection, C0034.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections about Virginia and its history. It also holds the Sallie Montgomery travel diary, which pertains to the Panama-Pacific International Exhibition of 1915.","Two Jamestown, Virginia postcards from 1907. The postards depicts an aerial view of the Jamestown Exposition of 1907 and a colored illustration of the founding of Jamestown, including portraits of John Smith, Pocahontas, and a group of Native Americans, presumably the Indigenous Algonquian People, also known as the Powhatans. The postcards were written and sent by separate individuals who likely attended the Exposition in September and April of 1907, respectively.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","Two Jamestown, Virginia postcards from 1907.","R 72, C 3, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0369","/repositories/2/resources/483"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jamestown, Virginia postcards"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jamestown, Virginia postcards"],"collection_ssim":["Jamestown, Virginia postcards"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Jamestown (Va.)","Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Jamestown (Va.)","Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["Jamestown (Va.)","Virginia -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The donor is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"Jamestown, Virginia postcards\",\"href\":\"https://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~17~17\"}"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was digitized and is available \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~17~17\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection was digitized and is available "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ede Ruiter, Brian. \"Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exposition of 1907.\" Encyclopedia Virginia. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Jamestown_Ter-Centennial_Exposition_of_1907#start_entry (accessed July 12, 2019).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["de Ruiter, Brian. \"Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exposition of 1907.\" Encyclopedia Virginia. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Jamestown_Ter-Centennial_Exposition_of_1907#start_entry (accessed July 12, 2019)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exhibition was a World's Fair held in 1907 in Norfolk, Virginia. It was intended to be a celebration of the 300th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown and the colony of Virginia, following in the successful tradition of similar exhibitions across the United States. The fair was plagued with organizational and financial problems, and eventually was deemed a commercial failure, but did see some success in its exhibitions, particularly one on African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exhibition was a World's Fair held in 1907 in Norfolk, Virginia. It was intended to be a celebration of the 300th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown and the colony of Virginia, following in the successful tradition of similar exhibitions across the United States. 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Urice, Jr., including during his time serving in the Korean War as a Private, First Class in the U.S. Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_620.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers","title_ssm":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1930s-1950s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0327","/repositories/2/resources/620"],"text":["C0327","/repositories/2/resources/620","Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers","United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life","Korean War, 1950-1953","Domestic life","Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Participation, American","Correspondence","Photographs","Postcards","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.","\"Jay Adams Urice Jr. (1927-2007).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed October 23, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/96285501/jay_adams-urice.","\"Korean War.\" 2024. In  Wikipedia . https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_War\u0026oldid=1252265646#Names.","Millett, Allan R. 2024. \"Korean War.\" In  Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/event/Korean-War.","Jay Adams Urice, Jr. was born on April 22, 1927 in Mt. Kisco, New York to Jay Adams, Sr. and Marguerite (Nesbitt) Urice. Raised in an upper middle class family, Jay, Jr. spent his early years in Pleasantville, New York, and attended the Scarborough School, a private day school in Scarborough-on-Hudson, New York. Urice briefly attended Champlain College in Plattsburgh, New York, before withdrawing and joining the Merchant Marine as a cook on the S.S. Pocket Canyon. During the Korean War he continued his services as a cook, joining the U.S. Army as a Private First Class in the Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team, spending time stationed in both Japan and Korea. Following his time in the U.S. Army, Urice married Doris Meinweiser and moved to Barrett Township, Pennsylvania, where he spent most of his life working in hotel management at nearby Buck Hill Falls and Skytop Lodge. Urice passed away on April 3, 2007 at the age of 79 and is buried in Laurelwood Cemetery in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.","The Korean War was a Cold War conflict that lasted from 1950-1953. 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Following his time in the U.S. Army, Urice married Doris Meinweiser and moved to Barrett Township, Pennsylvania, where he spent most of his life working in hotel management at nearby Buck Hill Falls and Skytop Lodge. Urice passed away on April 3, 2007 at the age of 79 and is buried in Laurelwood Cemetery in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Korean War was a Cold War conflict that lasted from 1950-1953. The conflict centered around the June 1950 invasion of South Korea (also known as the Republic of Korea) by the Soviet-allied and supported North Korea (also known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea), with the United Nations intervening (using mostly U.S. forces) to aid South Korea. The war suffered over a million casualties with no final resolution between the two countries. Fighting formally ending in July 1953 with signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement and the creation of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) at the 38th parallel, but without signing of a peace treaty. As of 2024, Korea remains divided at this de facto boundary between North and South Korea.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jay Adams Urice, Jr. was born on April 22, 1927 in Mt. Kisco, New York to Jay Adams, Sr. and Marguerite (Nesbitt) Urice. Raised in an upper middle class family, Jay, Jr. spent his early years in Pleasantville, New York, and attended the Scarborough School, a private day school in Scarborough-on-Hudson, New York. Urice briefly attended Champlain College in Plattsburgh, New York, before withdrawing and joining the Merchant Marine as a cook on the S.S. Pocket Canyon. During the Korean War he continued his services as a cook, joining the U.S. Army as a Private First Class in the Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team, spending time stationed in both Japan and Korea. Following his time in the U.S. Army, Urice married Doris Meinweiser and moved to Barrett Township, Pennsylvania, where he spent most of his life working in hotel management at nearby Buck Hill Falls and Skytop Lodge. Urice passed away on April 3, 2007 at the age of 79 and is buried in Laurelwood Cemetery in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.","The Korean War was a Cold War conflict that lasted from 1950-1953. The conflict centered around the June 1950 invasion of South Korea (also known as the Republic of Korea) by the Soviet-allied and supported North Korea (also known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea), with the United Nations intervening (using mostly U.S. forces) to aid South Korea. The war suffered over a million casualties with no final resolution between the two countries. Fighting formally ending in July 1953 with signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement and the creation of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) at the 38th parallel, but without signing of a peace treaty. As of 2024, Korea remains divided at this de facto boundary between North and South Korea."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay A. Urice, Jr. papers, C0327, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers, C0327, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from August-September 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in October 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from August-September 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in October 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections documenting the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85073117\"\u003eKorean War\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85139855\"\u003emilitary life\u003c/a\u003e, including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0036\"\u003eOliver F. Atkins photograph collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections documenting the  Korean War  and  military life , including the  Oliver F. Atkins photograph collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr. Correspondence consists primarily of letters sent by Jay, Jr. to his parents Jay, Sr. and Marguerite Urice, during his time station in Japan and Korea during the Korean War. These letters document his time serving with the U.S. Army and discuss his experiences in temporary bivouac shelters, daily camp life and work in Sendai, Japan, and his arrival and experiences in Korea starting in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional correspondence includes personal letters received by Jay, Jr. during the 1940s – early 1950s from family and friends, including a large number from Barbara \"Tommy\" Tompkins (possibly Jay, Jr.'s girlfriend at the time), as well as two formal letters regarding his education, including transcripts and a diploma. The collection also includes photographs and negatives, depicting both Jay, Jr.'s family and friends and his military service, newspaper clippings, souvenir postcards, and general mementoes and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr. Correspondence consists primarily of letters sent by Jay, Jr. to his parents Jay, Sr. and Marguerite Urice, during his time station in Japan and Korea during the Korean War. These letters document his time serving with the U.S. Army and discuss his experiences in temporary bivouac shelters, daily camp life and work in Sendai, Japan, and his arrival and experiences in Korea starting in 1952.","Additional correspondence includes personal letters received by Jay, Jr. during the 1940s – early 1950s from family and friends, including a large number from Barbara \"Tommy\" Tompkins (possibly Jay, Jr.'s girlfriend at the time), as well as two formal letters regarding his education, including transcripts and a diploma. The collection also includes photographs and negatives, depicting both Jay, Jr.'s family and friends and his military service, newspaper clippings, souvenir postcards, and general mementoes and ephemera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7b5620611a51f8b83049ec8101822c55\"\u003eA collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr., including during his time serving in the Korean War as a Private, First Class in the U.S. Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr., including during his time serving in the Korean War as a Private, First Class in the U.S. Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1fea6cabd5d0a55cccde7dd8832a9ff0\"\u003eR 73, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 3, S 5"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army","Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army"],"persname_ssim":["Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:33:57.755Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_620.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers","title_ssm":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1930s-1950s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0327","/repositories/2/resources/620"],"text":["C0327","/repositories/2/resources/620","Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers","United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life","Korean War, 1950-1953","Domestic life","Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Participation, American","Correspondence","Photographs","Postcards","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.","\"Jay Adams Urice Jr. (1927-2007).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed October 23, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/96285501/jay_adams-urice.","\"Korean War.\" 2024. In  Wikipedia . https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_War\u0026oldid=1252265646#Names.","Millett, Allan R. 2024. \"Korean War.\" In  Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/event/Korean-War.","Jay Adams Urice, Jr. was born on April 22, 1927 in Mt. Kisco, New York to Jay Adams, Sr. and Marguerite (Nesbitt) Urice. Raised in an upper middle class family, Jay, Jr. spent his early years in Pleasantville, New York, and attended the Scarborough School, a private day school in Scarborough-on-Hudson, New York. Urice briefly attended Champlain College in Plattsburgh, New York, before withdrawing and joining the Merchant Marine as a cook on the S.S. Pocket Canyon. During the Korean War he continued his services as a cook, joining the U.S. Army as a Private First Class in the Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team, spending time stationed in both Japan and Korea. Following his time in the U.S. Army, Urice married Doris Meinweiser and moved to Barrett Township, Pennsylvania, where he spent most of his life working in hotel management at nearby Buck Hill Falls and Skytop Lodge. Urice passed away on April 3, 2007 at the age of 79 and is buried in Laurelwood Cemetery in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.","The Korean War was a Cold War conflict that lasted from 1950-1953. The conflict centered around the June 1950 invasion of South Korea (also known as the Republic of Korea) by the Soviet-allied and supported North Korea (also known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea), with the United Nations intervening (using mostly U.S. forces) to aid South Korea. The war suffered over a million casualties with no final resolution between the two countries. Fighting formally ending in July 1953 with signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement and the creation of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) at the 38th parallel, but without signing of a peace treaty. As of 2024, Korea remains divided at this de facto boundary between North and South Korea.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from August-September 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in October 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections documenting the  Korean War  and  military life , including the  Oliver F. Atkins photograph collection .","A collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr. Correspondence consists primarily of letters sent by Jay, Jr. to his parents Jay, Sr. and Marguerite Urice, during his time station in Japan and Korea during the Korean War. These letters document his time serving with the U.S. Army and discuss his experiences in temporary bivouac shelters, daily camp life and work in Sendai, Japan, and his arrival and experiences in Korea starting in 1952.","Additional correspondence includes personal letters received by Jay, Jr. during the 1940s – early 1950s from family and friends, including a large number from Barbara \"Tommy\" Tompkins (possibly Jay, Jr.'s girlfriend at the time), as well as two formal letters regarding his education, including transcripts and a diploma. The collection also includes photographs and negatives, depicting both Jay, Jr.'s family and friends and his military service, newspaper clippings, souvenir postcards, and general mementoes and ephemera.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","A collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr., including during his time serving in the Korean War as a Private, First Class in the U.S. Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team.","R 73, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army","Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0327","/repositories/2/resources/620"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life"],"creator_ssm":["Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"creator_ssim":["Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"creators_ssim":["Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Lynn Eaton from Caroliniana Books in April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Korean War, 1950-1953","Domestic life","Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Participation, American","Correspondence","Photographs","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Korean War, 1950-1953","Domestic life","Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Participation, American","Correspondence","Photographs","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","Postcards"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type or function and then chronologically where possible."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Jay Adams Urice Jr. (1927-2007).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed October 23, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/96285501/jay_adams-urice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Korean War.\" 2024. In \u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_War\u0026amp;oldid=1252265646#Names.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMillett, Allan R. 2024. \"Korean War.\" In \u003ctitle\u003eBritannica\u003c/title\u003e. https://www.britannica.com/event/Korean-War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Jay Adams Urice Jr. (1927-2007).\" n.d. Find a Grave. Accessed October 23, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/96285501/jay_adams-urice.","\"Korean War.\" 2024. In  Wikipedia . https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_War\u0026oldid=1252265646#Names.","Millett, Allan R. 2024. \"Korean War.\" In  Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/event/Korean-War."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay Adams Urice, Jr. was born on April 22, 1927 in Mt. Kisco, New York to Jay Adams, Sr. and Marguerite (Nesbitt) Urice. Raised in an upper middle class family, Jay, Jr. spent his early years in Pleasantville, New York, and attended the Scarborough School, a private day school in Scarborough-on-Hudson, New York. Urice briefly attended Champlain College in Plattsburgh, New York, before withdrawing and joining the Merchant Marine as a cook on the S.S. Pocket Canyon. During the Korean War he continued his services as a cook, joining the U.S. Army as a Private First Class in the Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team, spending time stationed in both Japan and Korea. Following his time in the U.S. Army, Urice married Doris Meinweiser and moved to Barrett Township, Pennsylvania, where he spent most of his life working in hotel management at nearby Buck Hill Falls and Skytop Lodge. Urice passed away on April 3, 2007 at the age of 79 and is buried in Laurelwood Cemetery in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Korean War was a Cold War conflict that lasted from 1950-1953. The conflict centered around the June 1950 invasion of South Korea (also known as the Republic of Korea) by the Soviet-allied and supported North Korea (also known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea), with the United Nations intervening (using mostly U.S. forces) to aid South Korea. The war suffered over a million casualties with no final resolution between the two countries. Fighting formally ending in July 1953 with signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement and the creation of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) at the 38th parallel, but without signing of a peace treaty. As of 2024, Korea remains divided at this de facto boundary between North and South Korea.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jay Adams Urice, Jr. was born on April 22, 1927 in Mt. Kisco, New York to Jay Adams, Sr. and Marguerite (Nesbitt) Urice. Raised in an upper middle class family, Jay, Jr. spent his early years in Pleasantville, New York, and attended the Scarborough School, a private day school in Scarborough-on-Hudson, New York. Urice briefly attended Champlain College in Plattsburgh, New York, before withdrawing and joining the Merchant Marine as a cook on the S.S. Pocket Canyon. During the Korean War he continued his services as a cook, joining the U.S. Army as a Private First Class in the Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team, spending time stationed in both Japan and Korea. Following his time in the U.S. Army, Urice married Doris Meinweiser and moved to Barrett Township, Pennsylvania, where he spent most of his life working in hotel management at nearby Buck Hill Falls and Skytop Lodge. Urice passed away on April 3, 2007 at the age of 79 and is buried in Laurelwood Cemetery in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.","The Korean War was a Cold War conflict that lasted from 1950-1953. The conflict centered around the June 1950 invasion of South Korea (also known as the Republic of Korea) by the Soviet-allied and supported North Korea (also known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea), with the United Nations intervening (using mostly U.S. forces) to aid South Korea. The war suffered over a million casualties with no final resolution between the two countries. Fighting formally ending in July 1953 with signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement and the creation of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) at the 38th parallel, but without signing of a peace treaty. As of 2024, Korea remains divided at this de facto boundary between North and South Korea."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay A. Urice, Jr. papers, C0327, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jay A. Urice, Jr. papers, C0327, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from August-September 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in October 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from August-September 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in October 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections documenting the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85073117\"\u003eKorean War\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85139855\"\u003emilitary life\u003c/a\u003e, including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0036\"\u003eOliver F. Atkins photograph collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections documenting the  Korean War  and  military life , including the  Oliver F. Atkins photograph collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr. Correspondence consists primarily of letters sent by Jay, Jr. to his parents Jay, Sr. and Marguerite Urice, during his time station in Japan and Korea during the Korean War. These letters document his time serving with the U.S. Army and discuss his experiences in temporary bivouac shelters, daily camp life and work in Sendai, Japan, and his arrival and experiences in Korea starting in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional correspondence includes personal letters received by Jay, Jr. during the 1940s – early 1950s from family and friends, including a large number from Barbara \"Tommy\" Tompkins (possibly Jay, Jr.'s girlfriend at the time), as well as two formal letters regarding his education, including transcripts and a diploma. The collection also includes photographs and negatives, depicting both Jay, Jr.'s family and friends and his military service, newspaper clippings, souvenir postcards, and general mementoes and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr. Correspondence consists primarily of letters sent by Jay, Jr. to his parents Jay, Sr. and Marguerite Urice, during his time station in Japan and Korea during the Korean War. These letters document his time serving with the U.S. Army and discuss his experiences in temporary bivouac shelters, daily camp life and work in Sendai, Japan, and his arrival and experiences in Korea starting in 1952.","Additional correspondence includes personal letters received by Jay, Jr. during the 1940s – early 1950s from family and friends, including a large number from Barbara \"Tommy\" Tompkins (possibly Jay, Jr.'s girlfriend at the time), as well as two formal letters regarding his education, including transcripts and a diploma. The collection also includes photographs and negatives, depicting both Jay, Jr.'s family and friends and his military service, newspaper clippings, souvenir postcards, and general mementoes and ephemera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7b5620611a51f8b83049ec8101822c55\"\u003eA collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr., including during his time serving in the Korean War as a Private, First Class in the U.S. Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of correspondence, photographs, and ephemera created and collected by Jay A. Urice, Jr., including during his time serving in the Korean War as a Private, First Class in the U.S. Army 40th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion, 223rd Regimental Combat Team."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1fea6cabd5d0a55cccde7dd8832a9ff0\"\u003eR 73, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 3, S 5"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army","Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army"],"persname_ssim":["Urice, Jr., Jay A., 1927-2007"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:33:57.755Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_620"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lavinia Scott papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_651.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lavinia Scott papers","title_ssm":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"title_tesim":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1860s-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1860s-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0506","/repositories/2/resources/651"],"text":["C0506","/repositories/2/resources/651","Lavinia Scott papers","South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Education, Higher","Nguni (African people)","Nguni languages","Missions, South African","Education -- South Africa","Women missionaries","Apartheid","Anti-apartheid movements -- South Africa","South African newspapers","Social justice -- Religious aspects -- Christianity","Zulu (African people)","Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides","Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to personally identifiable information.","The collection is arranged in seven series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Professional activities Series 3: Personal materials Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals Series 5: Photographs and negatives Series 6: Audiovisual materials Series 7: South African artifacts","Lavinia Scott (also known as Clara Lavinia Scott) was born on March 21, 1907 in Yankton, South Dakota to George Harvey and Mary Maud Cole Scott. The youngest of four children, including the future Dr. Franklin Scott, Lavinia spent her life surrounded by education. As a child she attended local public schools, including Jacksonville High School, and in 1923 enrolled in a Bachelor's degree program at Illinois College, where her father served as a Dean for eight years before his sudden death in 1926. Lavinia graduated the following year (1927) with a B.A. in History and it was here that she began to devote her life to education full-time, securing a teaching position with Illinois' Harvard Community High School District Number 153 which she held for approximately two years.","Around the beginning of the 1930s, Lavinia's focus shifted from secular education to international educational missionary work. She enrolled in a Master's program with the Yale Divinity School and upon moving to Connecticut spent two years in training with the United Congregational Church in Bridgeport. In August 1932, less than two months after receiving her Master of Art's degree in June, Lavinia was assigned a teaching position at Adams College (formerly Amanzimtoti Institute) in South Africa under the direction of the Congregational Church affiliated American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). ","Lavinia remained at Adams College until she was transferred to nearby Inanda Seminary in 1936 where she assumed the role of Principal, a title which she held for over 30 years. During this time, she fought back against the South African government's discriminatory Apartheid policies, particularly the Bantu Education Act of 1953, which both significantly lowered the quality of education available to Black South Africans and removed government funding for private missionary schools. She also oversaw the school's Centenary Celebration in 1969, as well as several expansions to the campus, including the beginning of what would become the \"Lavinia Scott Chapel\". In 1969, she left Inanda Seminary, transferring to the newly formed Federal Theological Seminary where she returned to a teaching position until her formal retirement circa 1974.","While her retirement saw a return to the United States, ultimately assuming residence in Claremont, California, it did not mean the end of her mission work. For the next 20 years, Lavinia was an active speaker on behalf of the newly formed United Church of Christ as a South African mission representative for the United Church Board for World Ministries (UCBWM), formerly the ABCFM. She also continued her social justice advocacy, working on behalf of both domestic and international causes, including extensive work throughout the 1980s with the Claremont branch of the Task Force on Central America. Despite her busy schedule, Lavinia still found time to continue her love of traveling, including domestic trips with family and friends, and several returns to South Africa and Inanda Seminary.","While Lavinia never fully stopped her missionary work, she did eventually move to a UCC affiliated retirement community in Claremont known as Pilgrim Place where she lived until her passing on July 10, 1997 at the age of 90. She is buried near her family in Jacksonville's Diamond Grove Cemetery.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September 2022 - August 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in August 2023.","Northwestern University holds the  Lavinia Scott (1907-1997) Papers  which consists mostly of correspondence, largely to Lavinia's mother Mary Maud Scott, as well as the full  Franklin D. Scott (1901-1994) Papers . Harvard University holds several archival collections for the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions divided by location, including the  African missions records , as well as the Finding Aid for the  Inanda Seminary Oral History Project  completed between 2008 – 2010.","The Lavinia Scott papers largely consist of correspondence, reports, newspapers, promotional materials, magazines, speeches, sermons, writings, educational records, travel maps and postcards, photographs, and audiovisual materials created between circa 1860s-1998. The collection contains 7 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (circa 1860s, 1900s-1997) includes sent and received correspondence, both personal and professional. Types of correspondence include postcards, letters on stationary, airmail letters, greeting cards, Christmas and general holiday letters, and carbon copies of sent letters. While the majority of the correspondence is between Lavinia Scott and others, this series also includes correspondence received by others that was then passed on to Lavinia either for review or after their passing. The bulk of the correspondence covers the 1920s – 1970s, with a slight gap in coverage during the 1980s, and a shift to more general cards and holiday letters in the 1990s. This series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent last name, group title, or type of correspondence, such as Family letters sent by Lavinia during her years in South Africa.","Series 2: Professional activities (1885, 1917-1997) includes both direct and indirect materials related to Lavinia's professional life as a Christian missionary speaker and educator. It is further divided into two subseries. Subseries 1: South African mission (1885, 1917-1990s) includes all materials related to both Lavinia's direct education work in South Africa (such as reports, magazines, newsletters, promotional materials, yearbooks, speech/sermon drafts), materials related to both American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and United Church Board for World Ministries themselves (reports, meeting minutes, policy guides, conference materials), and any general materials or writing related to South Africa, particularly regarding mission work and the fight against Apartheid. The bulk of the materials cover the 1930s – 1970s, with some more general materials from the 1980s – 1990s. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name (including Adams College, Inanda Seminary, and Federal Theological Seminary) or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: United Church of Christ (1919 – 1997) includes all other professional materials related to Lavinia's work with the United Church of Christ, and the earlier Congregational Christian Church, not directly connected to the South African mission. These include materials from local Congregational and United Church of Christ congregations, general conference materials, extensive materials from Lavinia's involvement with the Central American Task Force in Claremont, CA, and general writings and speeches related to Christianity. The bulk of the materials cover the 1920s – 1930s and the 1970s – 1990s. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Newsletters and periodicals published by affiliated professional and/or religious organizations can be found in Series 4.","Series 3: Personal materials (1891, circa 1909-1998) includes materials related to Lavinia's personal life, including family, friends, and personal travels. It is further divided into three subseries. Subseries 1: Records and mementos (1891, circa 1909 – 1998) includes educational records, creative writings by Lavinia and others, souvenirs and other mementos, travel maps and brochures, personal and correspondence notes, and publications by Lavinia's brother Dr. Franklin Scott. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by creator, organization, or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: Souvenir and travel postcards (circa 1930s – 1980s) includes all non-correspondence souvenir postcards grouped together by general location, starting with non-South African international, followed by United States, South Africa, and general Africa. Postcards used for correspondence can be found in Series 1 and personal photographic postcards can be found in Series 5. Subseries 3: Daily diaries (1920 – 1997) consists of Lavinia's 45 individual personal daily diaries, arranged chronologically. Several diaries contain entries for multiple years.","Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals (1920s – 1997) includes news and periodical print publications and newsletters, both full text and selections, including many from South Africa in both English and Afrikaans. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Full text editions (1927 - 1997) includes all full editions of newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Magazines and newsletters published by schools and colleges, such as Inanda Seminary and Illinois College, are kept in context and can be found in Series 2-3. Subseries 2: Clippings (1920s - 1997) includes article or section clippings from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Most articles cover social and political stories related to South Africa, Apartheid policies and resistance, Lavinia's speaking engagements or mission work, and members of the Scott and Stearns family, such as marriage announcements or community profiles.","Series 5: Photographs and negatives (circa 1870s – 1990s) includes photographs and negatives related to Lavinia's work and personal life. The contents cover a wide array of sizes and mediums, including gelatin prints, black and white and color snapshots, and color processed prints. Many, but not all, prints include some level of identifying inscription on the back, including stamps from local photographers. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: South African mission (1930s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's work as a missionary educator in South Africa. Major areas of coverage include Inanda Seminary, including campus development, Centennial Celebration, staff and student group and individual portraits, and visits by Lavinia and others after the 1970s, as well as Adams College, The Federal Theological Seminary, and visits by American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions representatives and South African political figures such as Chief Lutuli (also spelled Luthuli). Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time. Sub-series 2: Personal travel (1920s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's personal, non-mission related travel with family and friends mostly within the United States. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by location where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 3: Family (1870s – 1990s) includes photographs of Lavinia's family and friends, including formal portraits. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by subject and/or time period where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 4: Negatives (circa 1930s – 1990s) includes all negatives covering subjects from each of the three sub-series. Negatives have been grouped where possible by size and most do not include identifying information; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 6: Audiovisual materials (circa 1930s – 1997) includes all audiovisual materials including photographic slides, both labeled and unlabeled cassette and VHS tapes, three professional .45 records, and one unlabeled Magnetophoband BASF reel to reel tape. Cassette and VHS contents reflect Lavinia's mission work in South Africa, including recordings of sermons and ceremonies at Inanda Seminary, sermons and speeches on various religious and social issues, and oral history interviews with mission workers such as Lou Ann Parsons, as well as 6-7 tapes containing an extensive interview with Lavinia herself. The bulk of these materials cover the 1970s – 1980s. Additionally, the photographic slides depict both South African mission work and Inanda Seminary, as well as personal family events and travels, including numerous souvenir professional slides from international locations. The bulk of these materials cover the 1950s – 1970s. All items in this series have been grouped by medium; some photographic slides include identifying information but, further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 7: South African artifacts (circa 1970s – 1980s) includes carvings, beadwork, and other artifacts likely purchased by or gifted to Lavinia during a return trip to South Africa that reflect Zulu cultural traditions and crafts.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa.","R 71, C 1, S 2 - S 5\n\nR 72, C 3, S 7\n\nR 72, C 4, S 2 - S 7\n\nMap Case 8.3\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 3","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ","Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998","English Zulu Afrikaans"],"unitid_tesim":["C0506","/repositories/2/resources/651"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"creator_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"creators_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"places_ssim":["South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were brought to George Mason University by former Provost Peter Stearns, Lavinia Scott's nephew, in 2018. Before coming to Special Collections in early 2021, members of the George Mason University history faculty, as well as history graduate students, worked with the material."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education, Higher","Nguni (African people)","Nguni languages","Missions, South African","Education -- South Africa","Women missionaries","Apartheid","Anti-apartheid movements -- South Africa","South African newspapers","Social justice -- Religious aspects -- Christianity","Zulu (African people)","Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education, Higher","Nguni (African people)","Nguni languages","Missions, South African","Education -- South Africa","Women missionaries","Apartheid","Anti-apartheid movements -- South Africa","South African newspapers","Social justice -- Religious aspects -- Christianity","Zulu (African people)","Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Linear Feet 72 boxes, 1 map case"],"extent_tesim":["33 Linear Feet 72 boxes, 1 map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides"],"date_range_isim":[1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to personally identifiable information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to personally identifiable information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in seven series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Professional activities\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Personal materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Newspapers and periodicals\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Photographs and negatives\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Audiovisual materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: South African artifacts\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in seven series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Professional activities Series 3: Personal materials Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals Series 5: Photographs and negatives Series 6: Audiovisual materials Series 7: South African artifacts"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLavinia Scott (also known as Clara Lavinia Scott) was born on March 21, 1907 in Yankton, South Dakota to George Harvey and Mary Maud Cole Scott. The youngest of four children, including the future Dr. Franklin Scott, Lavinia spent her life surrounded by education. As a child she attended local public schools, including Jacksonville High School, and in 1923 enrolled in a Bachelor's degree program at Illinois College, where her father served as a Dean for eight years before his sudden death in 1926. Lavinia graduated the following year (1927) with a B.A. in History and it was here that she began to devote her life to education full-time, securing a teaching position with Illinois' Harvard Community High School District Number 153 which she held for approximately two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAround the beginning of the 1930s, Lavinia's focus shifted from secular education to international educational missionary work. She enrolled in a Master's program with the Yale Divinity School and upon moving to Connecticut spent two years in training with the United Congregational Church in Bridgeport. In August 1932, less than two months after receiving her Master of Art's degree in June, Lavinia was assigned a teaching position at Adams College (formerly Amanzimtoti Institute) in South Africa under the direction of the Congregational Church affiliated American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLavinia remained at Adams College until she was transferred to nearby Inanda Seminary in 1936 where she assumed the role of Principal, a title which she held for over 30 years. During this time, she fought back against the South African government's discriminatory Apartheid policies, particularly the Bantu Education Act of 1953, which both significantly lowered the quality of education available to Black South Africans and removed government funding for private missionary schools. She also oversaw the school's Centenary Celebration in 1969, as well as several expansions to the campus, including the beginning of what would become the \"Lavinia Scott Chapel\". In 1969, she left Inanda Seminary, transferring to the newly formed Federal Theological Seminary where she returned to a teaching position until her formal retirement circa 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile her retirement saw a return to the United States, ultimately assuming residence in Claremont, California, it did not mean the end of her mission work. For the next 20 years, Lavinia was an active speaker on behalf of the newly formed United Church of Christ as a South African mission representative for the United Church Board for World Ministries (UCBWM), formerly the ABCFM. She also continued her social justice advocacy, working on behalf of both domestic and international causes, including extensive work throughout the 1980s with the Claremont branch of the Task Force on Central America. Despite her busy schedule, Lavinia still found time to continue her love of traveling, including domestic trips with family and friends, and several returns to South Africa and Inanda Seminary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile Lavinia never fully stopped her missionary work, she did eventually move to a UCC affiliated retirement community in Claremont known as Pilgrim Place where she lived until her passing on July 10, 1997 at the age of 90. She is buried near her family in Jacksonville's Diamond Grove Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lavinia Scott (also known as Clara Lavinia Scott) was born on March 21, 1907 in Yankton, South Dakota to George Harvey and Mary Maud Cole Scott. The youngest of four children, including the future Dr. Franklin Scott, Lavinia spent her life surrounded by education. As a child she attended local public schools, including Jacksonville High School, and in 1923 enrolled in a Bachelor's degree program at Illinois College, where her father served as a Dean for eight years before his sudden death in 1926. Lavinia graduated the following year (1927) with a B.A. in History and it was here that she began to devote her life to education full-time, securing a teaching position with Illinois' Harvard Community High School District Number 153 which she held for approximately two years.","Around the beginning of the 1930s, Lavinia's focus shifted from secular education to international educational missionary work. She enrolled in a Master's program with the Yale Divinity School and upon moving to Connecticut spent two years in training with the United Congregational Church in Bridgeport. In August 1932, less than two months after receiving her Master of Art's degree in June, Lavinia was assigned a teaching position at Adams College (formerly Amanzimtoti Institute) in South Africa under the direction of the Congregational Church affiliated American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). ","Lavinia remained at Adams College until she was transferred to nearby Inanda Seminary in 1936 where she assumed the role of Principal, a title which she held for over 30 years. During this time, she fought back against the South African government's discriminatory Apartheid policies, particularly the Bantu Education Act of 1953, which both significantly lowered the quality of education available to Black South Africans and removed government funding for private missionary schools. She also oversaw the school's Centenary Celebration in 1969, as well as several expansions to the campus, including the beginning of what would become the \"Lavinia Scott Chapel\". In 1969, she left Inanda Seminary, transferring to the newly formed Federal Theological Seminary where she returned to a teaching position until her formal retirement circa 1974.","While her retirement saw a return to the United States, ultimately assuming residence in Claremont, California, it did not mean the end of her mission work. For the next 20 years, Lavinia was an active speaker on behalf of the newly formed United Church of Christ as a South African mission representative for the United Church Board for World Ministries (UCBWM), formerly the ABCFM. She also continued her social justice advocacy, working on behalf of both domestic and international causes, including extensive work throughout the 1980s with the Claremont branch of the Task Force on Central America. Despite her busy schedule, Lavinia still found time to continue her love of traveling, including domestic trips with family and friends, and several returns to South Africa and Inanda Seminary.","While Lavinia never fully stopped her missionary work, she did eventually move to a UCC affiliated retirement community in Claremont known as Pilgrim Place where she lived until her passing on July 10, 1997 at the age of 90. She is buried near her family in Jacksonville's Diamond Grove Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLavinia Scott papers, C0506, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason \nUniversity Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lavinia Scott papers, C0506, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason \nUniversity Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September 2022 - August 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September 2022 - August 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in August 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthwestern University holds the \u003ca href=\"https://findingaids.library.northwestern.edu/repositories/4/resources/829\"\u003eLavinia Scott (1907-1997) Papers\u003c/a\u003e which consists mostly of correspondence, largely to Lavinia's mother Mary Maud Scott, as well as the full \u003ca href=\"https://findingaids.library.northwestern.edu/repositories/6/resources/463\"\u003eFranklin D. Scott (1901-1994) Papers\u003c/a\u003e. Harvard University holds several archival collections for the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions divided by location, including the \u003ca href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3023\"\u003eAfrican missions records\u003c/a\u003e, as well as the Finding Aid for the \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.harvard.edu/mehealy/presentations\"\u003eInanda Seminary Oral History Project\u003c/a\u003e completed between 2008 – 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Northwestern University holds the  Lavinia Scott (1907-1997) Papers  which consists mostly of correspondence, largely to Lavinia's mother Mary Maud Scott, as well as the full  Franklin D. Scott (1901-1994) Papers . Harvard University holds several archival collections for the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions divided by location, including the  African missions records , as well as the Finding Aid for the  Inanda Seminary Oral History Project  completed between 2008 – 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lavinia Scott papers largely consist of correspondence, reports, newspapers, promotional materials, magazines, speeches, sermons, writings, educational records, travel maps and postcards, photographs, and audiovisual materials created between circa 1860s-1998. The collection contains 7 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence (circa 1860s, 1900s-1997) includes sent and received correspondence, both personal and professional. Types of correspondence include postcards, letters on stationary, airmail letters, greeting cards, Christmas and general holiday letters, and carbon copies of sent letters. While the majority of the correspondence is between Lavinia Scott and others, this series also includes correspondence received by others that was then passed on to Lavinia either for review or after their passing. The bulk of the correspondence covers the 1920s – 1970s, with a slight gap in coverage during the 1980s, and a shift to more general cards and holiday letters in the 1990s. This series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent last name, group title, or type of correspondence, such as Family letters sent by Lavinia during her years in South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional activities (1885, 1917-1997) includes both direct and indirect materials related to Lavinia's professional life as a Christian missionary speaker and educator. It is further divided into two subseries. Subseries 1: South African mission (1885, 1917-1990s) includes all materials related to both Lavinia's direct education work in South Africa (such as reports, magazines, newsletters, promotional materials, yearbooks, speech/sermon drafts), materials related to both American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and United Church Board for World Ministries themselves (reports, meeting minutes, policy guides, conference materials), and any general materials or writing related to South Africa, particularly regarding mission work and the fight against Apartheid. The bulk of the materials cover the 1930s – 1970s, with some more general materials from the 1980s – 1990s. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name (including Adams College, Inanda Seminary, and Federal Theological Seminary) or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: United Church of Christ (1919 – 1997) includes all other professional materials related to Lavinia's work with the United Church of Christ, and the earlier Congregational Christian Church, not directly connected to the South African mission. These include materials from local Congregational and United Church of Christ congregations, general conference materials, extensive materials from Lavinia's involvement with the Central American Task Force in Claremont, CA, and general writings and speeches related to Christianity. The bulk of the materials cover the 1920s – 1930s and the 1970s – 1990s. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Newsletters and periodicals published by affiliated professional and/or religious organizations can be found in Series 4.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal materials (1891, circa 1909-1998) includes materials related to Lavinia's personal life, including family, friends, and personal travels. It is further divided into three subseries. Subseries 1: Records and mementos (1891, circa 1909 – 1998) includes educational records, creative writings by Lavinia and others, souvenirs and other mementos, travel maps and brochures, personal and correspondence notes, and publications by Lavinia's brother Dr. Franklin Scott. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by creator, organization, or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: Souvenir and travel postcards (circa 1930s – 1980s) includes all non-correspondence souvenir postcards grouped together by general location, starting with non-South African international, followed by United States, South Africa, and general Africa. Postcards used for correspondence can be found in Series 1 and personal photographic postcards can be found in Series 5. Subseries 3: Daily diaries (1920 – 1997) consists of Lavinia's 45 individual personal daily diaries, arranged chronologically. Several diaries contain entries for multiple years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Newspapers and periodicals (1920s – 1997) includes news and periodical print publications and newsletters, both full text and selections, including many from South Africa in both English and Afrikaans. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Full text editions (1927 - 1997) includes all full editions of newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Magazines and newsletters published by schools and colleges, such as Inanda Seminary and Illinois College, are kept in context and can be found in Series 2-3. Subseries 2: Clippings (1920s - 1997) includes article or section clippings from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Most articles cover social and political stories related to South Africa, Apartheid policies and resistance, Lavinia's speaking engagements or mission work, and members of the Scott and Stearns family, such as marriage announcements or community profiles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Photographs and negatives (circa 1870s – 1990s) includes photographs and negatives related to Lavinia's work and personal life. The contents cover a wide array of sizes and mediums, including gelatin prints, black and white and color snapshots, and color processed prints. Many, but not all, prints include some level of identifying inscription on the back, including stamps from local photographers. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: South African mission (1930s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's work as a missionary educator in South Africa. Major areas of coverage include Inanda Seminary, including campus development, Centennial Celebration, staff and student group and individual portraits, and visits by Lavinia and others after the 1970s, as well as Adams College, The Federal Theological Seminary, and visits by American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions representatives and South African political figures such as Chief Lutuli (also spelled Luthuli). Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time. Sub-series 2: Personal travel (1920s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's personal, non-mission related travel with family and friends mostly within the United States. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by location where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 3: Family (1870s – 1990s) includes photographs of Lavinia's family and friends, including formal portraits. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by subject and/or time period where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 4: Negatives (circa 1930s – 1990s) includes all negatives covering subjects from each of the three sub-series. Negatives have been grouped where possible by size and most do not include identifying information; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Audiovisual materials (circa 1930s – 1997) includes all audiovisual materials including photographic slides, both labeled and unlabeled cassette and VHS tapes, three professional .45 records, and one unlabeled Magnetophoband BASF reel to reel tape. Cassette and VHS contents reflect Lavinia's mission work in South Africa, including recordings of sermons and ceremonies at Inanda Seminary, sermons and speeches on various religious and social issues, and oral history interviews with mission workers such as Lou Ann Parsons, as well as 6-7 tapes containing an extensive interview with Lavinia herself. The bulk of these materials cover the 1970s – 1980s. Additionally, the photographic slides depict both South African mission work and Inanda Seminary, as well as personal family events and travels, including numerous souvenir professional slides from international locations. The bulk of these materials cover the 1950s – 1970s. All items in this series have been grouped by medium; some photographic slides include identifying information but, further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: South African artifacts (circa 1970s – 1980s) includes carvings, beadwork, and other artifacts likely purchased by or gifted to Lavinia during a return trip to South Africa that reflect Zulu cultural traditions and crafts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":[" Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lavinia Scott papers largely consist of correspondence, reports, newspapers, promotional materials, magazines, speeches, sermons, writings, educational records, travel maps and postcards, photographs, and audiovisual materials created between circa 1860s-1998. The collection contains 7 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (circa 1860s, 1900s-1997) includes sent and received correspondence, both personal and professional. Types of correspondence include postcards, letters on stationary, airmail letters, greeting cards, Christmas and general holiday letters, and carbon copies of sent letters. While the majority of the correspondence is between Lavinia Scott and others, this series also includes correspondence received by others that was then passed on to Lavinia either for review or after their passing. The bulk of the correspondence covers the 1920s – 1970s, with a slight gap in coverage during the 1980s, and a shift to more general cards and holiday letters in the 1990s. This series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent last name, group title, or type of correspondence, such as Family letters sent by Lavinia during her years in South Africa.","Series 2: Professional activities (1885, 1917-1997) includes both direct and indirect materials related to Lavinia's professional life as a Christian missionary speaker and educator. It is further divided into two subseries. Subseries 1: South African mission (1885, 1917-1990s) includes all materials related to both Lavinia's direct education work in South Africa (such as reports, magazines, newsletters, promotional materials, yearbooks, speech/sermon drafts), materials related to both American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and United Church Board for World Ministries themselves (reports, meeting minutes, policy guides, conference materials), and any general materials or writing related to South Africa, particularly regarding mission work and the fight against Apartheid. The bulk of the materials cover the 1930s – 1970s, with some more general materials from the 1980s – 1990s. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name (including Adams College, Inanda Seminary, and Federal Theological Seminary) or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: United Church of Christ (1919 – 1997) includes all other professional materials related to Lavinia's work with the United Church of Christ, and the earlier Congregational Christian Church, not directly connected to the South African mission. These include materials from local Congregational and United Church of Christ congregations, general conference materials, extensive materials from Lavinia's involvement with the Central American Task Force in Claremont, CA, and general writings and speeches related to Christianity. The bulk of the materials cover the 1920s – 1930s and the 1970s – 1990s. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Newsletters and periodicals published by affiliated professional and/or religious organizations can be found in Series 4.","Series 3: Personal materials (1891, circa 1909-1998) includes materials related to Lavinia's personal life, including family, friends, and personal travels. It is further divided into three subseries. Subseries 1: Records and mementos (1891, circa 1909 – 1998) includes educational records, creative writings by Lavinia and others, souvenirs and other mementos, travel maps and brochures, personal and correspondence notes, and publications by Lavinia's brother Dr. Franklin Scott. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by creator, organization, or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: Souvenir and travel postcards (circa 1930s – 1980s) includes all non-correspondence souvenir postcards grouped together by general location, starting with non-South African international, followed by United States, South Africa, and general Africa. Postcards used for correspondence can be found in Series 1 and personal photographic postcards can be found in Series 5. Subseries 3: Daily diaries (1920 – 1997) consists of Lavinia's 45 individual personal daily diaries, arranged chronologically. Several diaries contain entries for multiple years.","Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals (1920s – 1997) includes news and periodical print publications and newsletters, both full text and selections, including many from South Africa in both English and Afrikaans. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Full text editions (1927 - 1997) includes all full editions of newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Magazines and newsletters published by schools and colleges, such as Inanda Seminary and Illinois College, are kept in context and can be found in Series 2-3. Subseries 2: Clippings (1920s - 1997) includes article or section clippings from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Most articles cover social and political stories related to South Africa, Apartheid policies and resistance, Lavinia's speaking engagements or mission work, and members of the Scott and Stearns family, such as marriage announcements or community profiles.","Series 5: Photographs and negatives (circa 1870s – 1990s) includes photographs and negatives related to Lavinia's work and personal life. The contents cover a wide array of sizes and mediums, including gelatin prints, black and white and color snapshots, and color processed prints. Many, but not all, prints include some level of identifying inscription on the back, including stamps from local photographers. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: South African mission (1930s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's work as a missionary educator in South Africa. Major areas of coverage include Inanda Seminary, including campus development, Centennial Celebration, staff and student group and individual portraits, and visits by Lavinia and others after the 1970s, as well as Adams College, The Federal Theological Seminary, and visits by American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions representatives and South African political figures such as Chief Lutuli (also spelled Luthuli). Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time. Sub-series 2: Personal travel (1920s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's personal, non-mission related travel with family and friends mostly within the United States. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by location where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 3: Family (1870s – 1990s) includes photographs of Lavinia's family and friends, including formal portraits. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by subject and/or time period where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 4: Negatives (circa 1930s – 1990s) includes all negatives covering subjects from each of the three sub-series. Negatives have been grouped where possible by size and most do not include identifying information; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 6: Audiovisual materials (circa 1930s – 1997) includes all audiovisual materials including photographic slides, both labeled and unlabeled cassette and VHS tapes, three professional .45 records, and one unlabeled Magnetophoband BASF reel to reel tape. Cassette and VHS contents reflect Lavinia's mission work in South Africa, including recordings of sermons and ceremonies at Inanda Seminary, sermons and speeches on various religious and social issues, and oral history interviews with mission workers such as Lou Ann Parsons, as well as 6-7 tapes containing an extensive interview with Lavinia herself. The bulk of these materials cover the 1970s – 1980s. Additionally, the photographic slides depict both South African mission work and Inanda Seminary, as well as personal family events and travels, including numerous souvenir professional slides from international locations. The bulk of these materials cover the 1950s – 1970s. All items in this series have been grouped by medium; some photographic slides include identifying information but, further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 7: South African artifacts (circa 1970s – 1980s) includes carvings, beadwork, and other artifacts likely purchased by or gifted to Lavinia during a return trip to South Africa that reflect Zulu cultural traditions and crafts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_80cc4e1315ef5dc6c32b4320325dcd33\"\u003eThe Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_81acf2a66423a9d0915a1666348eb948\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 2 - S 5\n\nR 72, C 3, S 7\n\nR 72, C 4, S 2 - S 7\n\nMap Case 8.3\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 3\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 2 - S 5\n\nR 72, C 3, S 7\n\nR 72, C 4, S 2 - S 7\n\nMap Case 8.3\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 3"],"names_coll_ssim":["Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ","Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ"],"persname_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998"],"language_ssim":["English Zulu Afrikaans"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":973,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:35:24.911Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_651.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lavinia Scott papers","title_ssm":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"title_tesim":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1860s-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1860s-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0506","/repositories/2/resources/651"],"text":["C0506","/repositories/2/resources/651","Lavinia Scott papers","South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Education, Higher","Nguni (African people)","Nguni languages","Missions, South African","Education -- South Africa","Women missionaries","Apartheid","Anti-apartheid movements -- South Africa","South African newspapers","Social justice -- Religious aspects -- Christianity","Zulu (African people)","Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides","Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to personally identifiable information.","The collection is arranged in seven series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Professional activities Series 3: Personal materials Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals Series 5: Photographs and negatives Series 6: Audiovisual materials Series 7: South African artifacts","Lavinia Scott (also known as Clara Lavinia Scott) was born on March 21, 1907 in Yankton, South Dakota to George Harvey and Mary Maud Cole Scott. The youngest of four children, including the future Dr. Franklin Scott, Lavinia spent her life surrounded by education. As a child she attended local public schools, including Jacksonville High School, and in 1923 enrolled in a Bachelor's degree program at Illinois College, where her father served as a Dean for eight years before his sudden death in 1926. Lavinia graduated the following year (1927) with a B.A. in History and it was here that she began to devote her life to education full-time, securing a teaching position with Illinois' Harvard Community High School District Number 153 which she held for approximately two years.","Around the beginning of the 1930s, Lavinia's focus shifted from secular education to international educational missionary work. She enrolled in a Master's program with the Yale Divinity School and upon moving to Connecticut spent two years in training with the United Congregational Church in Bridgeport. In August 1932, less than two months after receiving her Master of Art's degree in June, Lavinia was assigned a teaching position at Adams College (formerly Amanzimtoti Institute) in South Africa under the direction of the Congregational Church affiliated American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). ","Lavinia remained at Adams College until she was transferred to nearby Inanda Seminary in 1936 where she assumed the role of Principal, a title which she held for over 30 years. During this time, she fought back against the South African government's discriminatory Apartheid policies, particularly the Bantu Education Act of 1953, which both significantly lowered the quality of education available to Black South Africans and removed government funding for private missionary schools. She also oversaw the school's Centenary Celebration in 1969, as well as several expansions to the campus, including the beginning of what would become the \"Lavinia Scott Chapel\". In 1969, she left Inanda Seminary, transferring to the newly formed Federal Theological Seminary where she returned to a teaching position until her formal retirement circa 1974.","While her retirement saw a return to the United States, ultimately assuming residence in Claremont, California, it did not mean the end of her mission work. For the next 20 years, Lavinia was an active speaker on behalf of the newly formed United Church of Christ as a South African mission representative for the United Church Board for World Ministries (UCBWM), formerly the ABCFM. She also continued her social justice advocacy, working on behalf of both domestic and international causes, including extensive work throughout the 1980s with the Claremont branch of the Task Force on Central America. Despite her busy schedule, Lavinia still found time to continue her love of traveling, including domestic trips with family and friends, and several returns to South Africa and Inanda Seminary.","While Lavinia never fully stopped her missionary work, she did eventually move to a UCC affiliated retirement community in Claremont known as Pilgrim Place where she lived until her passing on July 10, 1997 at the age of 90. She is buried near her family in Jacksonville's Diamond Grove Cemetery.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September 2022 - August 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in August 2023.","Northwestern University holds the  Lavinia Scott (1907-1997) Papers  which consists mostly of correspondence, largely to Lavinia's mother Mary Maud Scott, as well as the full  Franklin D. Scott (1901-1994) Papers . Harvard University holds several archival collections for the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions divided by location, including the  African missions records , as well as the Finding Aid for the  Inanda Seminary Oral History Project  completed between 2008 – 2010.","The Lavinia Scott papers largely consist of correspondence, reports, newspapers, promotional materials, magazines, speeches, sermons, writings, educational records, travel maps and postcards, photographs, and audiovisual materials created between circa 1860s-1998. The collection contains 7 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (circa 1860s, 1900s-1997) includes sent and received correspondence, both personal and professional. Types of correspondence include postcards, letters on stationary, airmail letters, greeting cards, Christmas and general holiday letters, and carbon copies of sent letters. While the majority of the correspondence is between Lavinia Scott and others, this series also includes correspondence received by others that was then passed on to Lavinia either for review or after their passing. The bulk of the correspondence covers the 1920s – 1970s, with a slight gap in coverage during the 1980s, and a shift to more general cards and holiday letters in the 1990s. This series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent last name, group title, or type of correspondence, such as Family letters sent by Lavinia during her years in South Africa.","Series 2: Professional activities (1885, 1917-1997) includes both direct and indirect materials related to Lavinia's professional life as a Christian missionary speaker and educator. It is further divided into two subseries. Subseries 1: South African mission (1885, 1917-1990s) includes all materials related to both Lavinia's direct education work in South Africa (such as reports, magazines, newsletters, promotional materials, yearbooks, speech/sermon drafts), materials related to both American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and United Church Board for World Ministries themselves (reports, meeting minutes, policy guides, conference materials), and any general materials or writing related to South Africa, particularly regarding mission work and the fight against Apartheid. The bulk of the materials cover the 1930s – 1970s, with some more general materials from the 1980s – 1990s. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name (including Adams College, Inanda Seminary, and Federal Theological Seminary) or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: United Church of Christ (1919 – 1997) includes all other professional materials related to Lavinia's work with the United Church of Christ, and the earlier Congregational Christian Church, not directly connected to the South African mission. These include materials from local Congregational and United Church of Christ congregations, general conference materials, extensive materials from Lavinia's involvement with the Central American Task Force in Claremont, CA, and general writings and speeches related to Christianity. The bulk of the materials cover the 1920s – 1930s and the 1970s – 1990s. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Newsletters and periodicals published by affiliated professional and/or religious organizations can be found in Series 4.","Series 3: Personal materials (1891, circa 1909-1998) includes materials related to Lavinia's personal life, including family, friends, and personal travels. It is further divided into three subseries. Subseries 1: Records and mementos (1891, circa 1909 – 1998) includes educational records, creative writings by Lavinia and others, souvenirs and other mementos, travel maps and brochures, personal and correspondence notes, and publications by Lavinia's brother Dr. Franklin Scott. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by creator, organization, or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: Souvenir and travel postcards (circa 1930s – 1980s) includes all non-correspondence souvenir postcards grouped together by general location, starting with non-South African international, followed by United States, South Africa, and general Africa. Postcards used for correspondence can be found in Series 1 and personal photographic postcards can be found in Series 5. Subseries 3: Daily diaries (1920 – 1997) consists of Lavinia's 45 individual personal daily diaries, arranged chronologically. Several diaries contain entries for multiple years.","Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals (1920s – 1997) includes news and periodical print publications and newsletters, both full text and selections, including many from South Africa in both English and Afrikaans. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Full text editions (1927 - 1997) includes all full editions of newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Magazines and newsletters published by schools and colleges, such as Inanda Seminary and Illinois College, are kept in context and can be found in Series 2-3. Subseries 2: Clippings (1920s - 1997) includes article or section clippings from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Most articles cover social and political stories related to South Africa, Apartheid policies and resistance, Lavinia's speaking engagements or mission work, and members of the Scott and Stearns family, such as marriage announcements or community profiles.","Series 5: Photographs and negatives (circa 1870s – 1990s) includes photographs and negatives related to Lavinia's work and personal life. The contents cover a wide array of sizes and mediums, including gelatin prints, black and white and color snapshots, and color processed prints. Many, but not all, prints include some level of identifying inscription on the back, including stamps from local photographers. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: South African mission (1930s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's work as a missionary educator in South Africa. Major areas of coverage include Inanda Seminary, including campus development, Centennial Celebration, staff and student group and individual portraits, and visits by Lavinia and others after the 1970s, as well as Adams College, The Federal Theological Seminary, and visits by American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions representatives and South African political figures such as Chief Lutuli (also spelled Luthuli). Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time. Sub-series 2: Personal travel (1920s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's personal, non-mission related travel with family and friends mostly within the United States. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by location where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 3: Family (1870s – 1990s) includes photographs of Lavinia's family and friends, including formal portraits. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by subject and/or time period where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 4: Negatives (circa 1930s – 1990s) includes all negatives covering subjects from each of the three sub-series. Negatives have been grouped where possible by size and most do not include identifying information; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 6: Audiovisual materials (circa 1930s – 1997) includes all audiovisual materials including photographic slides, both labeled and unlabeled cassette and VHS tapes, three professional .45 records, and one unlabeled Magnetophoband BASF reel to reel tape. Cassette and VHS contents reflect Lavinia's mission work in South Africa, including recordings of sermons and ceremonies at Inanda Seminary, sermons and speeches on various religious and social issues, and oral history interviews with mission workers such as Lou Ann Parsons, as well as 6-7 tapes containing an extensive interview with Lavinia herself. The bulk of these materials cover the 1970s – 1980s. Additionally, the photographic slides depict both South African mission work and Inanda Seminary, as well as personal family events and travels, including numerous souvenir professional slides from international locations. The bulk of these materials cover the 1950s – 1970s. All items in this series have been grouped by medium; some photographic slides include identifying information but, further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 7: South African artifacts (circa 1970s – 1980s) includes carvings, beadwork, and other artifacts likely purchased by or gifted to Lavinia during a return trip to South Africa that reflect Zulu cultural traditions and crafts.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa.","R 71, C 1, S 2 - S 5\n\nR 72, C 3, S 7\n\nR 72, C 4, S 2 - S 7\n\nMap Case 8.3\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 3","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ","Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998","English Zulu Afrikaans"],"unitid_tesim":["C0506","/repositories/2/resources/651"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lavinia Scott papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"creator_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"creators_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N."],"places_ssim":["South Africa","KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)","South Africa -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were brought to George Mason University by former Provost Peter Stearns, Lavinia Scott's nephew, in 2018. Before coming to Special Collections in early 2021, members of the George Mason University history faculty, as well as history graduate students, worked with the material."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education, Higher","Nguni (African people)","Nguni languages","Missions, South African","Education -- South Africa","Women missionaries","Apartheid","Anti-apartheid movements -- South Africa","South African newspapers","Social justice -- Religious aspects -- Christianity","Zulu (African people)","Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education, Higher","Nguni (African people)","Nguni languages","Missions, South African","Education -- South Africa","Women missionaries","Apartheid","Anti-apartheid movements -- South Africa","South African newspapers","Social justice -- Religious aspects -- Christianity","Zulu (African people)","Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Linear Feet 72 boxes, 1 map case"],"extent_tesim":["33 Linear Feet 72 boxes, 1 map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Postcards","Photographs","Newspapers","Slides"],"date_range_isim":[1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to personally identifiable information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to personally identifiable information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in seven series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Professional activities\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Personal materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Newspapers and periodicals\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Photographs and negatives\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Audiovisual materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: South African artifacts\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in seven series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Professional activities Series 3: Personal materials Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals Series 5: Photographs and negatives Series 6: Audiovisual materials Series 7: South African artifacts"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLavinia Scott (also known as Clara Lavinia Scott) was born on March 21, 1907 in Yankton, South Dakota to George Harvey and Mary Maud Cole Scott. The youngest of four children, including the future Dr. Franklin Scott, Lavinia spent her life surrounded by education. As a child she attended local public schools, including Jacksonville High School, and in 1923 enrolled in a Bachelor's degree program at Illinois College, where her father served as a Dean for eight years before his sudden death in 1926. Lavinia graduated the following year (1927) with a B.A. in History and it was here that she began to devote her life to education full-time, securing a teaching position with Illinois' Harvard Community High School District Number 153 which she held for approximately two years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAround the beginning of the 1930s, Lavinia's focus shifted from secular education to international educational missionary work. She enrolled in a Master's program with the Yale Divinity School and upon moving to Connecticut spent two years in training with the United Congregational Church in Bridgeport. In August 1932, less than two months after receiving her Master of Art's degree in June, Lavinia was assigned a teaching position at Adams College (formerly Amanzimtoti Institute) in South Africa under the direction of the Congregational Church affiliated American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLavinia remained at Adams College until she was transferred to nearby Inanda Seminary in 1936 where she assumed the role of Principal, a title which she held for over 30 years. During this time, she fought back against the South African government's discriminatory Apartheid policies, particularly the Bantu Education Act of 1953, which both significantly lowered the quality of education available to Black South Africans and removed government funding for private missionary schools. She also oversaw the school's Centenary Celebration in 1969, as well as several expansions to the campus, including the beginning of what would become the \"Lavinia Scott Chapel\". In 1969, she left Inanda Seminary, transferring to the newly formed Federal Theological Seminary where she returned to a teaching position until her formal retirement circa 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile her retirement saw a return to the United States, ultimately assuming residence in Claremont, California, it did not mean the end of her mission work. For the next 20 years, Lavinia was an active speaker on behalf of the newly formed United Church of Christ as a South African mission representative for the United Church Board for World Ministries (UCBWM), formerly the ABCFM. She also continued her social justice advocacy, working on behalf of both domestic and international causes, including extensive work throughout the 1980s with the Claremont branch of the Task Force on Central America. Despite her busy schedule, Lavinia still found time to continue her love of traveling, including domestic trips with family and friends, and several returns to South Africa and Inanda Seminary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile Lavinia never fully stopped her missionary work, she did eventually move to a UCC affiliated retirement community in Claremont known as Pilgrim Place where she lived until her passing on July 10, 1997 at the age of 90. She is buried near her family in Jacksonville's Diamond Grove Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lavinia Scott (also known as Clara Lavinia Scott) was born on March 21, 1907 in Yankton, South Dakota to George Harvey and Mary Maud Cole Scott. The youngest of four children, including the future Dr. Franklin Scott, Lavinia spent her life surrounded by education. As a child she attended local public schools, including Jacksonville High School, and in 1923 enrolled in a Bachelor's degree program at Illinois College, where her father served as a Dean for eight years before his sudden death in 1926. Lavinia graduated the following year (1927) with a B.A. in History and it was here that she began to devote her life to education full-time, securing a teaching position with Illinois' Harvard Community High School District Number 153 which she held for approximately two years.","Around the beginning of the 1930s, Lavinia's focus shifted from secular education to international educational missionary work. She enrolled in a Master's program with the Yale Divinity School and upon moving to Connecticut spent two years in training with the United Congregational Church in Bridgeport. In August 1932, less than two months after receiving her Master of Art's degree in June, Lavinia was assigned a teaching position at Adams College (formerly Amanzimtoti Institute) in South Africa under the direction of the Congregational Church affiliated American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). ","Lavinia remained at Adams College until she was transferred to nearby Inanda Seminary in 1936 where she assumed the role of Principal, a title which she held for over 30 years. During this time, she fought back against the South African government's discriminatory Apartheid policies, particularly the Bantu Education Act of 1953, which both significantly lowered the quality of education available to Black South Africans and removed government funding for private missionary schools. She also oversaw the school's Centenary Celebration in 1969, as well as several expansions to the campus, including the beginning of what would become the \"Lavinia Scott Chapel\". In 1969, she left Inanda Seminary, transferring to the newly formed Federal Theological Seminary where she returned to a teaching position until her formal retirement circa 1974.","While her retirement saw a return to the United States, ultimately assuming residence in Claremont, California, it did not mean the end of her mission work. For the next 20 years, Lavinia was an active speaker on behalf of the newly formed United Church of Christ as a South African mission representative for the United Church Board for World Ministries (UCBWM), formerly the ABCFM. She also continued her social justice advocacy, working on behalf of both domestic and international causes, including extensive work throughout the 1980s with the Claremont branch of the Task Force on Central America. Despite her busy schedule, Lavinia still found time to continue her love of traveling, including domestic trips with family and friends, and several returns to South Africa and Inanda Seminary.","While Lavinia never fully stopped her missionary work, she did eventually move to a UCC affiliated retirement community in Claremont known as Pilgrim Place where she lived until her passing on July 10, 1997 at the age of 90. She is buried near her family in Jacksonville's Diamond Grove Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLavinia Scott papers, C0506, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason \nUniversity Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lavinia Scott papers, C0506, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason \nUniversity Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September 2022 - August 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September 2022 - August 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in August 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthwestern University holds the \u003ca href=\"https://findingaids.library.northwestern.edu/repositories/4/resources/829\"\u003eLavinia Scott (1907-1997) Papers\u003c/a\u003e which consists mostly of correspondence, largely to Lavinia's mother Mary Maud Scott, as well as the full \u003ca href=\"https://findingaids.library.northwestern.edu/repositories/6/resources/463\"\u003eFranklin D. Scott (1901-1994) Papers\u003c/a\u003e. Harvard University holds several archival collections for the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions divided by location, including the \u003ca href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3023\"\u003eAfrican missions records\u003c/a\u003e, as well as the Finding Aid for the \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.harvard.edu/mehealy/presentations\"\u003eInanda Seminary Oral History Project\u003c/a\u003e completed between 2008 – 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Northwestern University holds the  Lavinia Scott (1907-1997) Papers  which consists mostly of correspondence, largely to Lavinia's mother Mary Maud Scott, as well as the full  Franklin D. Scott (1901-1994) Papers . Harvard University holds several archival collections for the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions divided by location, including the  African missions records , as well as the Finding Aid for the  Inanda Seminary Oral History Project  completed between 2008 – 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lavinia Scott papers largely consist of correspondence, reports, newspapers, promotional materials, magazines, speeches, sermons, writings, educational records, travel maps and postcards, photographs, and audiovisual materials created between circa 1860s-1998. The collection contains 7 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence (circa 1860s, 1900s-1997) includes sent and received correspondence, both personal and professional. Types of correspondence include postcards, letters on stationary, airmail letters, greeting cards, Christmas and general holiday letters, and carbon copies of sent letters. While the majority of the correspondence is between Lavinia Scott and others, this series also includes correspondence received by others that was then passed on to Lavinia either for review or after their passing. The bulk of the correspondence covers the 1920s – 1970s, with a slight gap in coverage during the 1980s, and a shift to more general cards and holiday letters in the 1990s. This series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent last name, group title, or type of correspondence, such as Family letters sent by Lavinia during her years in South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional activities (1885, 1917-1997) includes both direct and indirect materials related to Lavinia's professional life as a Christian missionary speaker and educator. It is further divided into two subseries. Subseries 1: South African mission (1885, 1917-1990s) includes all materials related to both Lavinia's direct education work in South Africa (such as reports, magazines, newsletters, promotional materials, yearbooks, speech/sermon drafts), materials related to both American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and United Church Board for World Ministries themselves (reports, meeting minutes, policy guides, conference materials), and any general materials or writing related to South Africa, particularly regarding mission work and the fight against Apartheid. The bulk of the materials cover the 1930s – 1970s, with some more general materials from the 1980s – 1990s. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name (including Adams College, Inanda Seminary, and Federal Theological Seminary) or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: United Church of Christ (1919 – 1997) includes all other professional materials related to Lavinia's work with the United Church of Christ, and the earlier Congregational Christian Church, not directly connected to the South African mission. These include materials from local Congregational and United Church of Christ congregations, general conference materials, extensive materials from Lavinia's involvement with the Central American Task Force in Claremont, CA, and general writings and speeches related to Christianity. The bulk of the materials cover the 1920s – 1930s and the 1970s – 1990s. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Newsletters and periodicals published by affiliated professional and/or religious organizations can be found in Series 4.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal materials (1891, circa 1909-1998) includes materials related to Lavinia's personal life, including family, friends, and personal travels. It is further divided into three subseries. Subseries 1: Records and mementos (1891, circa 1909 – 1998) includes educational records, creative writings by Lavinia and others, souvenirs and other mementos, travel maps and brochures, personal and correspondence notes, and publications by Lavinia's brother Dr. Franklin Scott. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by creator, organization, or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: Souvenir and travel postcards (circa 1930s – 1980s) includes all non-correspondence souvenir postcards grouped together by general location, starting with non-South African international, followed by United States, South Africa, and general Africa. Postcards used for correspondence can be found in Series 1 and personal photographic postcards can be found in Series 5. Subseries 3: Daily diaries (1920 – 1997) consists of Lavinia's 45 individual personal daily diaries, arranged chronologically. Several diaries contain entries for multiple years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Newspapers and periodicals (1920s – 1997) includes news and periodical print publications and newsletters, both full text and selections, including many from South Africa in both English and Afrikaans. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Full text editions (1927 - 1997) includes all full editions of newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Magazines and newsletters published by schools and colleges, such as Inanda Seminary and Illinois College, are kept in context and can be found in Series 2-3. Subseries 2: Clippings (1920s - 1997) includes article or section clippings from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Most articles cover social and political stories related to South Africa, Apartheid policies and resistance, Lavinia's speaking engagements or mission work, and members of the Scott and Stearns family, such as marriage announcements or community profiles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Photographs and negatives (circa 1870s – 1990s) includes photographs and negatives related to Lavinia's work and personal life. The contents cover a wide array of sizes and mediums, including gelatin prints, black and white and color snapshots, and color processed prints. Many, but not all, prints include some level of identifying inscription on the back, including stamps from local photographers. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: South African mission (1930s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's work as a missionary educator in South Africa. Major areas of coverage include Inanda Seminary, including campus development, Centennial Celebration, staff and student group and individual portraits, and visits by Lavinia and others after the 1970s, as well as Adams College, The Federal Theological Seminary, and visits by American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions representatives and South African political figures such as Chief Lutuli (also spelled Luthuli). Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time. Sub-series 2: Personal travel (1920s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's personal, non-mission related travel with family and friends mostly within the United States. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by location where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 3: Family (1870s – 1990s) includes photographs of Lavinia's family and friends, including formal portraits. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by subject and/or time period where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 4: Negatives (circa 1930s – 1990s) includes all negatives covering subjects from each of the three sub-series. Negatives have been grouped where possible by size and most do not include identifying information; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Audiovisual materials (circa 1930s – 1997) includes all audiovisual materials including photographic slides, both labeled and unlabeled cassette and VHS tapes, three professional .45 records, and one unlabeled Magnetophoband BASF reel to reel tape. Cassette and VHS contents reflect Lavinia's mission work in South Africa, including recordings of sermons and ceremonies at Inanda Seminary, sermons and speeches on various religious and social issues, and oral history interviews with mission workers such as Lou Ann Parsons, as well as 6-7 tapes containing an extensive interview with Lavinia herself. The bulk of these materials cover the 1970s – 1980s. Additionally, the photographic slides depict both South African mission work and Inanda Seminary, as well as personal family events and travels, including numerous souvenir professional slides from international locations. The bulk of these materials cover the 1950s – 1970s. All items in this series have been grouped by medium; some photographic slides include identifying information but, further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: South African artifacts (circa 1970s – 1980s) includes carvings, beadwork, and other artifacts likely purchased by or gifted to Lavinia during a return trip to South Africa that reflect Zulu cultural traditions and crafts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":[" Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lavinia Scott papers largely consist of correspondence, reports, newspapers, promotional materials, magazines, speeches, sermons, writings, educational records, travel maps and postcards, photographs, and audiovisual materials created between circa 1860s-1998. The collection contains 7 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (circa 1860s, 1900s-1997) includes sent and received correspondence, both personal and professional. Types of correspondence include postcards, letters on stationary, airmail letters, greeting cards, Christmas and general holiday letters, and carbon copies of sent letters. While the majority of the correspondence is between Lavinia Scott and others, this series also includes correspondence received by others that was then passed on to Lavinia either for review or after their passing. The bulk of the correspondence covers the 1920s – 1970s, with a slight gap in coverage during the 1980s, and a shift to more general cards and holiday letters in the 1990s. This series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent last name, group title, or type of correspondence, such as Family letters sent by Lavinia during her years in South Africa.","Series 2: Professional activities (1885, 1917-1997) includes both direct and indirect materials related to Lavinia's professional life as a Christian missionary speaker and educator. It is further divided into two subseries. Subseries 1: South African mission (1885, 1917-1990s) includes all materials related to both Lavinia's direct education work in South Africa (such as reports, magazines, newsletters, promotional materials, yearbooks, speech/sermon drafts), materials related to both American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and United Church Board for World Ministries themselves (reports, meeting minutes, policy guides, conference materials), and any general materials or writing related to South Africa, particularly regarding mission work and the fight against Apartheid. The bulk of the materials cover the 1930s – 1970s, with some more general materials from the 1980s – 1990s. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name (including Adams College, Inanda Seminary, and Federal Theological Seminary) or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: United Church of Christ (1919 – 1997) includes all other professional materials related to Lavinia's work with the United Church of Christ, and the earlier Congregational Christian Church, not directly connected to the South African mission. These include materials from local Congregational and United Church of Christ congregations, general conference materials, extensive materials from Lavinia's involvement with the Central American Task Force in Claremont, CA, and general writings and speeches related to Christianity. The bulk of the materials cover the 1920s – 1930s and the 1970s – 1990s. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by organization name or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Newsletters and periodicals published by affiliated professional and/or religious organizations can be found in Series 4.","Series 3: Personal materials (1891, circa 1909-1998) includes materials related to Lavinia's personal life, including family, friends, and personal travels. It is further divided into three subseries. Subseries 1: Records and mementos (1891, circa 1909 – 1998) includes educational records, creative writings by Lavinia and others, souvenirs and other mementos, travel maps and brochures, personal and correspondence notes, and publications by Lavinia's brother Dr. Franklin Scott. Items are arranged alphabetically, primarily by creator, organization, or material type. Writings were divided by title and arranged alphabetically by author's last name where possible. Subseries 2: Souvenir and travel postcards (circa 1930s – 1980s) includes all non-correspondence souvenir postcards grouped together by general location, starting with non-South African international, followed by United States, South Africa, and general Africa. Postcards used for correspondence can be found in Series 1 and personal photographic postcards can be found in Series 5. Subseries 3: Daily diaries (1920 – 1997) consists of Lavinia's 45 individual personal daily diaries, arranged chronologically. Several diaries contain entries for multiple years.","Series 4: Newspapers and periodicals (1920s – 1997) includes news and periodical print publications and newsletters, both full text and selections, including many from South Africa in both English and Afrikaans. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Full text editions (1927 - 1997) includes all full editions of newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Magazines and newsletters published by schools and colleges, such as Inanda Seminary and Illinois College, are kept in context and can be found in Series 2-3. Subseries 2: Clippings (1920s - 1997) includes article or section clippings from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Most articles cover social and political stories related to South Africa, Apartheid policies and resistance, Lavinia's speaking engagements or mission work, and members of the Scott and Stearns family, such as marriage announcements or community profiles.","Series 5: Photographs and negatives (circa 1870s – 1990s) includes photographs and negatives related to Lavinia's work and personal life. The contents cover a wide array of sizes and mediums, including gelatin prints, black and white and color snapshots, and color processed prints. Many, but not all, prints include some level of identifying inscription on the back, including stamps from local photographers. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: South African mission (1930s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's work as a missionary educator in South Africa. Major areas of coverage include Inanda Seminary, including campus development, Centennial Celebration, staff and student group and individual portraits, and visits by Lavinia and others after the 1970s, as well as Adams College, The Federal Theological Seminary, and visits by American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions representatives and South African political figures such as Chief Lutuli (also spelled Luthuli). Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time. Sub-series 2: Personal travel (1920s – 1990s) includes photographs that document Lavinia's personal, non-mission related travel with family and friends mostly within the United States. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by location where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 3: Family (1870s – 1990s) includes photographs of Lavinia's family and friends, including formal portraits. Prints have been divided into groupings based on general size or type with some attempt at organization by subject and/or time period where possible based on identifying information provided. Sub-series 4: Negatives (circa 1930s – 1990s) includes all negatives covering subjects from each of the three sub-series. Negatives have been grouped where possible by size and most do not include identifying information; further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 6: Audiovisual materials (circa 1930s – 1997) includes all audiovisual materials including photographic slides, both labeled and unlabeled cassette and VHS tapes, three professional .45 records, and one unlabeled Magnetophoband BASF reel to reel tape. Cassette and VHS contents reflect Lavinia's mission work in South Africa, including recordings of sermons and ceremonies at Inanda Seminary, sermons and speeches on various religious and social issues, and oral history interviews with mission workers such as Lou Ann Parsons, as well as 6-7 tapes containing an extensive interview with Lavinia herself. The bulk of these materials cover the 1970s – 1980s. Additionally, the photographic slides depict both South African mission work and Inanda Seminary, as well as personal family events and travels, including numerous souvenir professional slides from international locations. The bulk of these materials cover the 1950s – 1970s. All items in this series have been grouped by medium; some photographic slides include identifying information but, further organization by subject has not been completed at this time.","Series 7: South African artifacts (circa 1970s – 1980s) includes carvings, beadwork, and other artifacts likely purchased by or gifted to Lavinia during a return trip to South Africa that reflect Zulu cultural traditions and crafts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_80cc4e1315ef5dc6c32b4320325dcd33\"\u003eThe Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Lavinia Scott papers consist of materials created and collected by missionary educator Lavinia Scott (1907 – 1997) covering circa 1860s-1998. This includes materials created by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the United Church Board for World Ministries, the United Church of Christ, and South Africa's Inanda Seminary. The collection covers Lavinia's personal and professional life working and living as a missionary educator in South Africa."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_81acf2a66423a9d0915a1666348eb948\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 2 - S 5\n\nR 72, C 3, S 7\n\nR 72, C 4, S 2 - S 7\n\nMap Case 8.3\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 3\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 2 - S 5\n\nR 72, C 3, S 7\n\nR 72, C 4, S 2 - S 7\n\nMap Case 8.3\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 3"],"names_coll_ssim":["Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ","Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Adams College (Amanzimtoti, South Africa)","Amanzimtoti Institute","American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions","General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches of the United States","Illinois College","Inanda Seminary (Inanda, South Africa)","United Church Board for World Ministries","United Church of Christ"],"persname_ssim":["Scott, Lavinia, 1907-1997","Stearns, Peter N.","Luthuli, A. J. (Albert John), 1898-1967","Paton, Alan","Scott, Franklin D. (Franklin Daniel), 1901-1994","Wood, Agnes A., 1896-1998"],"language_ssim":["English Zulu Afrikaans"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":973,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:35:24.911Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_651"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Margaret W. Fisher papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection houses poetry and art pieces by Margaret W. Fisher alongside letters, correspondences and other materials from her life.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_579.xml","title_ssm":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"title_tesim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0033","/repositories/2/resources/579"],"text":["C0033","/repositories/2/resources/579","Margaret W. Fisher papers","Virginia, Northern","Watercolor painting","Creative writing","Postcards","Poetry","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject, chronologically and alphabetically.","Margaret Winslow Fisher was a painter, poet, and public lecturer. She served actively on numerous voluntary committees in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Arlington Counties, including the Goose Creek Scenic River Advisory Board, the Friends of George Mason University, and the Preservation Society of Loudoun County, and belonged to the National League of American Penwomen and the Virginia Watercolor Society. She was married to economist and congressman Joseph Lyman Fisher.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff, reprocessed by SCRC intern Amy Blake in 2018. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. EAD revised by Amy Blake in 2018.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the ","This collection contains poetry written by Margaret Fisher, memorabilia, correspondence, and postcards she published featuring images of her watercolor paintings.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection houses poetry and art pieces by Margaret W. Fisher alongside letters, correspondences and other materials from her life.","R17, C2, S4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0033","/repositories/2/resources/579"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Northern"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Northern"],"creator_ssm":["Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)"],"creator_ssim":["Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)"],"creators_ssim":["Fisher, Margaret W. 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She served actively on numerous voluntary committees in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Arlington Counties, including the Goose Creek Scenic River Advisory Board, the Friends of George Mason University, and the Preservation Society of Loudoun County, and belonged to the National League of American Penwomen and the Virginia Watercolor Society. She was married to economist and congressman Joseph Lyman Fisher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Margaret Winslow Fisher was a painter, poet, and public lecturer. She served actively on numerous voluntary committees in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Arlington Counties, including the Goose Creek Scenic River Advisory Board, the Friends of George Mason University, and the Preservation Society of Loudoun County, and belonged to the National League of American Penwomen and the Virginia Watercolor Society. She was married to economist and congressman Joseph Lyman Fisher."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret W. Fisher papers, C0033, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers, C0033, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff, reprocessed by SCRC intern Amy Blake in 2018. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. EAD revised by Amy Blake in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff, reprocessed by SCRC intern Amy Blake in 2018. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. EAD revised by Amy Blake in 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0028\" title=\"Joseph L. 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(Margaret Winslow)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":40,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:14:33.085Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_579.xml","title_ssm":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"title_tesim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0033","/repositories/2/resources/579"],"text":["C0033","/repositories/2/resources/579","Margaret W. Fisher papers","Virginia, Northern","Watercolor painting","Creative writing","Postcards","Poetry","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject, chronologically and alphabetically.","Margaret Winslow Fisher was a painter, poet, and public lecturer. She served actively on numerous voluntary committees in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Arlington Counties, including the Goose Creek Scenic River Advisory Board, the Friends of George Mason University, and the Preservation Society of Loudoun County, and belonged to the National League of American Penwomen and the Virginia Watercolor Society. She was married to economist and congressman Joseph Lyman Fisher.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff, reprocessed by SCRC intern Amy Blake in 2018. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. EAD revised by Amy Blake in 2018.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the ","This collection contains poetry written by Margaret Fisher, memorabilia, correspondence, and postcards she published featuring images of her watercolor paintings.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection houses poetry and art pieces by Margaret W. Fisher alongside letters, correspondences and other materials from her life.","R17, C2, S4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0033","/repositories/2/resources/579"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret W. 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She served actively on numerous voluntary committees in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Arlington Counties, including the Goose Creek Scenic River Advisory Board, the Friends of George Mason University, and the Preservation Society of Loudoun County, and belonged to the National League of American Penwomen and the Virginia Watercolor Society. She was married to economist and congressman Joseph Lyman Fisher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Margaret Winslow Fisher was a painter, poet, and public lecturer. She served actively on numerous voluntary committees in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Arlington Counties, including the Goose Creek Scenic River Advisory Board, the Friends of George Mason University, and the Preservation Society of Loudoun County, and belonged to the National League of American Penwomen and the Virginia Watercolor Society. She was married to economist and congressman Joseph Lyman Fisher."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret W. Fisher papers, C0033, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Margaret W. Fisher papers, C0033, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff, reprocessed by SCRC intern Amy Blake in 2018. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. EAD revised by Amy Blake in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff, reprocessed by SCRC intern Amy Blake in 2018. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. EAD revised by Amy Blake in 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0028\" title=\"Joseph L. Fisher papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains poetry written by Margaret Fisher, memorabilia, correspondence, and postcards she published featuring images of her watercolor paintings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains poetry written by Margaret Fisher, memorabilia, correspondence, and postcards she published featuring images of her watercolor paintings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThis collection houses poetry and art pieces by Margaret W. Fisher alongside letters, correspondences and other materials from her life.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection houses poetry and art pieces by Margaret W. Fisher alongside letters, correspondences and other materials from her life."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_57bc3759cabfdcd64d05a90e92c93f81\"\u003eR17, C2, S4\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R17, C2, S4"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Fisher, Margaret W. (Margaret Winslow)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":40,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:14:33.085Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_579"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Teigen, Philip M.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_505.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection","title_ssm":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"title_tesim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0317","/repositories/2/resources/505"],"text":["C0317","/repositories/2/resources/505","Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection","Catholic church buildings","Church buildings","Lutheran church buildings","Anglican church buildings","Postcards","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series by denomination and then chronologially.","Series 1: Lutheran churches Series 2: Roman Catholic churches Series 3: Episcopal churches Series 4: Other denominations Series 5: Additional postcards","\"MS 0960 - Philip Teigen Papers.\" 2024. DC History Center. 2024. https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847.","Williams, Peter W.  Houses of God: Region, Religion, and Architecture in the United States . Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997.","Philip M. Teigen (b. 1941) is a trained historian of science and medicine, having received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1976, and spent his professional life working as a historian at McGill University in Montréal, Canada and the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. Additionally, he completed many projects surrounding the history of religious congregations, primarily Lutheran, in both Washington, D.C. and throughout North America, including identifying and researching the history of thirty-three Lutheran congregations in the District and photographing forty-fifty buildings that represent current or past Lutheran congregations.","Immigrants from Europe and Asia brought a wide variety of Christian beliefs to North America. As Peter Williams notes, \"The pluralism of America's religious experience is a given from the beginnings, first for the colonial settlements in aggregate, then later in virtually every town, city, and state\" (\"Houses of God\", xii). He goes on to describe how these many religious groups impacted the built environment as they came \"in succeeding waves of immigration, each bringing with them and/or adapting for their own purposes a wide variety of types of houses of worship and other sacred sites and structures\" (\"Houses of God,\" xii). This diversity of religious architecture is reflected in material commemorative culture, including through postcards.","Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. Additional processing completed and finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from April-May 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other postcard collections, including the  Gustav Klemp World War I collection ,  Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection , and  Lavinia Scott papers .","The DC History Center holds the  Philip Teigen papers , which includes Teigen's decade-long research on the Lutheran churches of Washington, D.C., along with original photographs of local Lutheran churches.","This collection contains postcards from churches of many denominations across the United States and Canada. The postcards date from 1904-2010, although many are undated. The processor included undated in the date range for a series or box if it seemed likely that some of the postcards in the group date from outside the given range. More than half of the postcards depict Lutheran churches; there are also many postcards of Roman Catholic churches and Episcopal churches, as well as other Christian denominations. Many of the postcards contained mailed correspondence on the back from a mix of senders and recipients, but the number and location of these has not been noted in the finding aid. The postcards are organized by denomination and alphabetically by state (sometimes city), as well as whether they depict church interiors or exteriors. The collections contains five series.","Series 1: Lutheran churches, 1904-2010 (Boxes 1-7) includes postcards of Lutheran churches from the United States and Canada. It is divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Lutheran church exteriors and Sub-series 2: Lutheran church interiors.","Series 2: Roman Catholic churches, 1907-1995 (Boxes 8-10) includes postcards of Roman Catholic churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 3: Episcopal churches, 1908-1983, undated (Boxes 10-11) includes postcards of Episcopal churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 4: Other denominations, 1908-2000 (Boxes 11-12) is the smallest series, and includes postcards of a variety of churches, including Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Orthodox, and other denominations, as well as non-denominational.","Series 5: Additional postcards, circa 1910s-2000s (Box 13) includes additional postcards donated in 2019. Dates for postcards in this series were determined based on stamps where possible and were otherwise estimated based on style and design. It is divided into four subseries. Sub-series 1: Additional Lutheran churches (circa 1910s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Lutheran churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. One postcard depicts a church in Ontario, Canada which has been placed at the end of the state arrangement before the oversized. Sub-series 2: Additional Roman Catholic churches (circa 1950s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Roman Catholic churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. Sub-series 3: Additional Episcopal churches (circa 1950s-1980s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Episcopal churches. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by state. Sub-series 4: Additional other denominations (circa 1950s-1990s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of churches for a variety of other denominations and uses. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by use or denomination and then alphabetically by state.","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada.","R 54, C 3, S 3-4\n\nR 54, C 4, S 3","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teigen, Philip M.","English \n,        Swedish \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0317","/repositories/2/resources/505"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"collection_ssim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Teigen, Philip M."],"creator_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"creators_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Phil Teigen in September 2018.","Additional materials donated by Phil Teigen in July 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Catholic church buildings","Church buildings","Lutheran church buildings","Anglican church buildings","Postcards","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Catholic church buildings","Church buildings","Lutheran church buildings","Anglican church buildings","Postcards","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet 13 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet 13 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards","Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series by denomination and then chronologially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Lutheran churches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Roman Catholic churches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Episcopal churches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Other denominations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Additional postcards\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series by denomination and then chronologially.","Series 1: Lutheran churches Series 2: Roman Catholic churches Series 3: Episcopal churches Series 4: Other denominations Series 5: Additional postcards"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"MS 0960 - Philip Teigen Papers.\" 2024. DC History Center. 2024. https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliams, Peter W. \u003ctitle\u003eHouses of God: Region, Religion, and Architecture in the United States\u003c/title\u003e. Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"MS 0960 - Philip Teigen Papers.\" 2024. DC History Center. 2024. https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847.","Williams, Peter W.  Houses of God: Region, Religion, and Architecture in the United States . Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhilip M. Teigen (b. 1941) is a trained historian of science and medicine, having received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1976, and spent his professional life working as a historian at McGill University in Montréal, Canada and the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. Additionally, he completed many projects surrounding the history of religious congregations, primarily Lutheran, in both Washington, D.C. and throughout North America, including identifying and researching the history of thirty-three Lutheran congregations in the District and photographing forty-fifty buildings that represent current or past Lutheran congregations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eImmigrants from Europe and Asia brought a wide variety of Christian beliefs to North America. As Peter Williams notes, \"The pluralism of America's religious experience is a given from the beginnings, first for the colonial settlements in aggregate, then later in virtually every town, city, and state\" (\"Houses of God\", xii). He goes on to describe how these many religious groups impacted the built environment as they came \"in succeeding waves of immigration, each bringing with them and/or adapting for their own purposes a wide variety of types of houses of worship and other sacred sites and structures\" (\"Houses of God,\" xii). This diversity of religious architecture is reflected in material commemorative culture, including through postcards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Philip M. Teigen (b. 1941) is a trained historian of science and medicine, having received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1976, and spent his professional life working as a historian at McGill University in Montréal, Canada and the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. Additionally, he completed many projects surrounding the history of religious congregations, primarily Lutheran, in both Washington, D.C. and throughout North America, including identifying and researching the history of thirty-three Lutheran congregations in the District and photographing forty-fifty buildings that represent current or past Lutheran congregations.","Immigrants from Europe and Asia brought a wide variety of Christian beliefs to North America. As Peter Williams notes, \"The pluralism of America's religious experience is a given from the beginnings, first for the colonial settlements in aggregate, then later in virtually every town, city, and state\" (\"Houses of God\", xii). He goes on to describe how these many religious groups impacted the built environment as they came \"in succeeding waves of immigration, each bringing with them and/or adapting for their own purposes a wide variety of types of houses of worship and other sacred sites and structures\" (\"Houses of God,\" xii). This diversity of religious architecture is reflected in material commemorative culture, including through postcards."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhil Teigen North American churches postcard collection, C0317, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection, C0317, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. Additional processing completed and finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from April-May 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. Additional processing completed and finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from April-May 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other postcard collections, including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0250\"\u003eGustav Klemp World War I collection\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0511\"\u003eRandolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0506\"\u003eLavinia Scott papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe DC History Center holds the \u003ca href=\"https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847\"\u003ePhilip Teigen papers\u003c/a\u003e, which includes Teigen's decade-long research on the Lutheran churches of Washington, D.C., along with original photographs of local Lutheran churches.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other postcard collections, including the  Gustav Klemp World War I collection ,  Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection , and  Lavinia Scott papers .","The DC History Center holds the  Philip Teigen papers , which includes Teigen's decade-long research on the Lutheran churches of Washington, D.C., along with original photographs of local Lutheran churches."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains postcards from churches of many denominations across the United States and Canada. The postcards date from 1904-2010, although many are undated. The processor included undated in the date range for a series or box if it seemed likely that some of the postcards in the group date from outside the given range. More than half of the postcards depict Lutheran churches; there are also many postcards of Roman Catholic churches and Episcopal churches, as well as other Christian denominations. Many of the postcards contained mailed correspondence on the back from a mix of senders and recipients, but the number and location of these has not been noted in the finding aid. The postcards are organized by denomination and alphabetically by state (sometimes city), as well as whether they depict church interiors or exteriors. The collections contains five series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Lutheran churches, 1904-2010 (Boxes 1-7) includes postcards of Lutheran churches from the United States and Canada. It is divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Lutheran church exteriors and Sub-series 2: Lutheran church interiors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Roman Catholic churches, 1907-1995 (Boxes 8-10) includes postcards of Roman Catholic churches across the United States and Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Episcopal churches, 1908-1983, undated (Boxes 10-11) includes postcards of Episcopal churches across the United States and Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Other denominations, 1908-2000 (Boxes 11-12) is the smallest series, and includes postcards of a variety of churches, including Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Orthodox, and other denominations, as well as non-denominational.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Additional postcards, circa 1910s-2000s (Box 13) includes additional postcards donated in 2019. Dates for postcards in this series were determined based on stamps where possible and were otherwise estimated based on style and design. It is divided into four subseries. Sub-series 1: Additional Lutheran churches (circa 1910s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Lutheran churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. One postcard depicts a church in Ontario, Canada which has been placed at the end of the state arrangement before the oversized. Sub-series 2: Additional Roman Catholic churches (circa 1950s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Roman Catholic churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. Sub-series 3: Additional Episcopal churches (circa 1950s-1980s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Episcopal churches. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by state. Sub-series 4: Additional other denominations (circa 1950s-1990s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of churches for a variety of other denominations and uses. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by use or denomination and then alphabetically by state.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains postcards from churches of many denominations across the United States and Canada. The postcards date from 1904-2010, although many are undated. The processor included undated in the date range for a series or box if it seemed likely that some of the postcards in the group date from outside the given range. More than half of the postcards depict Lutheran churches; there are also many postcards of Roman Catholic churches and Episcopal churches, as well as other Christian denominations. Many of the postcards contained mailed correspondence on the back from a mix of senders and recipients, but the number and location of these has not been noted in the finding aid. The postcards are organized by denomination and alphabetically by state (sometimes city), as well as whether they depict church interiors or exteriors. The collections contains five series.","Series 1: Lutheran churches, 1904-2010 (Boxes 1-7) includes postcards of Lutheran churches from the United States and Canada. It is divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Lutheran church exteriors and Sub-series 2: Lutheran church interiors.","Series 2: Roman Catholic churches, 1907-1995 (Boxes 8-10) includes postcards of Roman Catholic churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 3: Episcopal churches, 1908-1983, undated (Boxes 10-11) includes postcards of Episcopal churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 4: Other denominations, 1908-2000 (Boxes 11-12) is the smallest series, and includes postcards of a variety of churches, including Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Orthodox, and other denominations, as well as non-denominational.","Series 5: Additional postcards, circa 1910s-2000s (Box 13) includes additional postcards donated in 2019. Dates for postcards in this series were determined based on stamps where possible and were otherwise estimated based on style and design. It is divided into four subseries. Sub-series 1: Additional Lutheran churches (circa 1910s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Lutheran churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. One postcard depicts a church in Ontario, Canada which has been placed at the end of the state arrangement before the oversized. Sub-series 2: Additional Roman Catholic churches (circa 1950s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Roman Catholic churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. Sub-series 3: Additional Episcopal churches (circa 1950s-1980s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Episcopal churches. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by state. Sub-series 4: Additional other denominations (circa 1950s-1990s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of churches for a variety of other denominations and uses. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by use or denomination and then alphabetically by state."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref8\"\u003eThis collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_25039d10bd6b223a8c06bf9333b89608\"\u003eR 54, C 3, S 3-4\n\nR 54, C 4, S 3\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 54, C 3, S 3-4\n\nR 54, C 4, S 3"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teigen, Philip M."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Swedish \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":80,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:38:19.956Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_505","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_505.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection","title_ssm":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"title_tesim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0317","/repositories/2/resources/505"],"text":["C0317","/repositories/2/resources/505","Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection","Catholic church buildings","Church buildings","Lutheran church buildings","Anglican church buildings","Postcards","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series by denomination and then chronologially.","Series 1: Lutheran churches Series 2: Roman Catholic churches Series 3: Episcopal churches Series 4: Other denominations Series 5: Additional postcards","\"MS 0960 - Philip Teigen Papers.\" 2024. DC History Center. 2024. https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847.","Williams, Peter W.  Houses of God: Region, Religion, and Architecture in the United States . Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997.","Philip M. Teigen (b. 1941) is a trained historian of science and medicine, having received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1976, and spent his professional life working as a historian at McGill University in Montréal, Canada and the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. Additionally, he completed many projects surrounding the history of religious congregations, primarily Lutheran, in both Washington, D.C. and throughout North America, including identifying and researching the history of thirty-three Lutheran congregations in the District and photographing forty-fifty buildings that represent current or past Lutheran congregations.","Immigrants from Europe and Asia brought a wide variety of Christian beliefs to North America. As Peter Williams notes, \"The pluralism of America's religious experience is a given from the beginnings, first for the colonial settlements in aggregate, then later in virtually every town, city, and state\" (\"Houses of God\", xii). He goes on to describe how these many religious groups impacted the built environment as they came \"in succeeding waves of immigration, each bringing with them and/or adapting for their own purposes a wide variety of types of houses of worship and other sacred sites and structures\" (\"Houses of God,\" xii). This diversity of religious architecture is reflected in material commemorative culture, including through postcards.","Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. Additional processing completed and finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from April-May 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other postcard collections, including the  Gustav Klemp World War I collection ,  Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection , and  Lavinia Scott papers .","The DC History Center holds the  Philip Teigen papers , which includes Teigen's decade-long research on the Lutheran churches of Washington, D.C., along with original photographs of local Lutheran churches.","This collection contains postcards from churches of many denominations across the United States and Canada. The postcards date from 1904-2010, although many are undated. The processor included undated in the date range for a series or box if it seemed likely that some of the postcards in the group date from outside the given range. More than half of the postcards depict Lutheran churches; there are also many postcards of Roman Catholic churches and Episcopal churches, as well as other Christian denominations. Many of the postcards contained mailed correspondence on the back from a mix of senders and recipients, but the number and location of these has not been noted in the finding aid. The postcards are organized by denomination and alphabetically by state (sometimes city), as well as whether they depict church interiors or exteriors. The collections contains five series.","Series 1: Lutheran churches, 1904-2010 (Boxes 1-7) includes postcards of Lutheran churches from the United States and Canada. It is divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Lutheran church exteriors and Sub-series 2: Lutheran church interiors.","Series 2: Roman Catholic churches, 1907-1995 (Boxes 8-10) includes postcards of Roman Catholic churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 3: Episcopal churches, 1908-1983, undated (Boxes 10-11) includes postcards of Episcopal churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 4: Other denominations, 1908-2000 (Boxes 11-12) is the smallest series, and includes postcards of a variety of churches, including Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Orthodox, and other denominations, as well as non-denominational.","Series 5: Additional postcards, circa 1910s-2000s (Box 13) includes additional postcards donated in 2019. Dates for postcards in this series were determined based on stamps where possible and were otherwise estimated based on style and design. It is divided into four subseries. Sub-series 1: Additional Lutheran churches (circa 1910s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Lutheran churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. One postcard depicts a church in Ontario, Canada which has been placed at the end of the state arrangement before the oversized. Sub-series 2: Additional Roman Catholic churches (circa 1950s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Roman Catholic churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. Sub-series 3: Additional Episcopal churches (circa 1950s-1980s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Episcopal churches. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by state. Sub-series 4: Additional other denominations (circa 1950s-1990s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of churches for a variety of other denominations and uses. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by use or denomination and then alphabetically by state.","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada.","R 54, C 3, S 3-4\n\nR 54, C 4, S 3","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teigen, Philip M.","English \n,        Swedish \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0317","/repositories/2/resources/505"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"collection_ssim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Teigen, Philip M."],"creator_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"creators_ssim":["Teigen, Philip M."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Phil Teigen in September 2018.","Additional materials donated by Phil Teigen in July 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Catholic church buildings","Church buildings","Lutheran church buildings","Anglican church buildings","Postcards","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Catholic church buildings","Church buildings","Lutheran church buildings","Anglican church buildings","Postcards","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet 13 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet 13 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards","Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series by denomination and then chronologially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Lutheran churches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Roman Catholic churches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Episcopal churches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Other denominations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Additional postcards\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series by denomination and then chronologially.","Series 1: Lutheran churches Series 2: Roman Catholic churches Series 3: Episcopal churches Series 4: Other denominations Series 5: Additional postcards"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"MS 0960 - Philip Teigen Papers.\" 2024. DC History Center. 2024. https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliams, Peter W. \u003ctitle\u003eHouses of God: Region, Religion, and Architecture in the United States\u003c/title\u003e. Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"MS 0960 - Philip Teigen Papers.\" 2024. DC History Center. 2024. https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847.","Williams, Peter W.  Houses of God: Region, Religion, and Architecture in the United States . Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhilip M. Teigen (b. 1941) is a trained historian of science and medicine, having received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1976, and spent his professional life working as a historian at McGill University in Montréal, Canada and the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. Additionally, he completed many projects surrounding the history of religious congregations, primarily Lutheran, in both Washington, D.C. and throughout North America, including identifying and researching the history of thirty-three Lutheran congregations in the District and photographing forty-fifty buildings that represent current or past Lutheran congregations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eImmigrants from Europe and Asia brought a wide variety of Christian beliefs to North America. As Peter Williams notes, \"The pluralism of America's religious experience is a given from the beginnings, first for the colonial settlements in aggregate, then later in virtually every town, city, and state\" (\"Houses of God\", xii). He goes on to describe how these many religious groups impacted the built environment as they came \"in succeeding waves of immigration, each bringing with them and/or adapting for their own purposes a wide variety of types of houses of worship and other sacred sites and structures\" (\"Houses of God,\" xii). This diversity of religious architecture is reflected in material commemorative culture, including through postcards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Philip M. Teigen (b. 1941) is a trained historian of science and medicine, having received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1976, and spent his professional life working as a historian at McGill University in Montréal, Canada and the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. Additionally, he completed many projects surrounding the history of religious congregations, primarily Lutheran, in both Washington, D.C. and throughout North America, including identifying and researching the history of thirty-three Lutheran congregations in the District and photographing forty-fifty buildings that represent current or past Lutheran congregations.","Immigrants from Europe and Asia brought a wide variety of Christian beliefs to North America. As Peter Williams notes, \"The pluralism of America's religious experience is a given from the beginnings, first for the colonial settlements in aggregate, then later in virtually every town, city, and state\" (\"Houses of God\", xii). He goes on to describe how these many religious groups impacted the built environment as they came \"in succeeding waves of immigration, each bringing with them and/or adapting for their own purposes a wide variety of types of houses of worship and other sacred sites and structures\" (\"Houses of God,\" xii). This diversity of religious architecture is reflected in material commemorative culture, including through postcards."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhil Teigen North American churches postcard collection, C0317, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Phil Teigen North American churches postcard collection, C0317, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. Additional processing completed and finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from April-May 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in October 2018. Additional processing completed and finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from April-May 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other postcard collections, including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0250\"\u003eGustav Klemp World War I collection\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0511\"\u003eRandolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0506\"\u003eLavinia Scott papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe DC History Center holds the \u003ca href=\"https://dchistory.catalogaccess.com/archives/109847\"\u003ePhilip Teigen papers\u003c/a\u003e, which includes Teigen's decade-long research on the Lutheran churches of Washington, D.C., along with original photographs of local Lutheran churches.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other postcard collections, including the  Gustav Klemp World War I collection ,  Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection , and  Lavinia Scott papers .","The DC History Center holds the  Philip Teigen papers , which includes Teigen's decade-long research on the Lutheran churches of Washington, D.C., along with original photographs of local Lutheran churches."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains postcards from churches of many denominations across the United States and Canada. The postcards date from 1904-2010, although many are undated. The processor included undated in the date range for a series or box if it seemed likely that some of the postcards in the group date from outside the given range. More than half of the postcards depict Lutheran churches; there are also many postcards of Roman Catholic churches and Episcopal churches, as well as other Christian denominations. Many of the postcards contained mailed correspondence on the back from a mix of senders and recipients, but the number and location of these has not been noted in the finding aid. The postcards are organized by denomination and alphabetically by state (sometimes city), as well as whether they depict church interiors or exteriors. The collections contains five series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Lutheran churches, 1904-2010 (Boxes 1-7) includes postcards of Lutheran churches from the United States and Canada. It is divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Lutheran church exteriors and Sub-series 2: Lutheran church interiors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Roman Catholic churches, 1907-1995 (Boxes 8-10) includes postcards of Roman Catholic churches across the United States and Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Episcopal churches, 1908-1983, undated (Boxes 10-11) includes postcards of Episcopal churches across the United States and Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Other denominations, 1908-2000 (Boxes 11-12) is the smallest series, and includes postcards of a variety of churches, including Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Orthodox, and other denominations, as well as non-denominational.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Additional postcards, circa 1910s-2000s (Box 13) includes additional postcards donated in 2019. Dates for postcards in this series were determined based on stamps where possible and were otherwise estimated based on style and design. It is divided into four subseries. Sub-series 1: Additional Lutheran churches (circa 1910s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Lutheran churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. One postcard depicts a church in Ontario, Canada which has been placed at the end of the state arrangement before the oversized. Sub-series 2: Additional Roman Catholic churches (circa 1950s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Roman Catholic churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. Sub-series 3: Additional Episcopal churches (circa 1950s-1980s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Episcopal churches. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by state. Sub-series 4: Additional other denominations (circa 1950s-1990s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of churches for a variety of other denominations and uses. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by use or denomination and then alphabetically by state.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains postcards from churches of many denominations across the United States and Canada. The postcards date from 1904-2010, although many are undated. The processor included undated in the date range for a series or box if it seemed likely that some of the postcards in the group date from outside the given range. More than half of the postcards depict Lutheran churches; there are also many postcards of Roman Catholic churches and Episcopal churches, as well as other Christian denominations. Many of the postcards contained mailed correspondence on the back from a mix of senders and recipients, but the number and location of these has not been noted in the finding aid. The postcards are organized by denomination and alphabetically by state (sometimes city), as well as whether they depict church interiors or exteriors. The collections contains five series.","Series 1: Lutheran churches, 1904-2010 (Boxes 1-7) includes postcards of Lutheran churches from the United States and Canada. It is divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Lutheran church exteriors and Sub-series 2: Lutheran church interiors.","Series 2: Roman Catholic churches, 1907-1995 (Boxes 8-10) includes postcards of Roman Catholic churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 3: Episcopal churches, 1908-1983, undated (Boxes 10-11) includes postcards of Episcopal churches across the United States and Canada.","Series 4: Other denominations, 1908-2000 (Boxes 11-12) is the smallest series, and includes postcards of a variety of churches, including Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Orthodox, and other denominations, as well as non-denominational.","Series 5: Additional postcards, circa 1910s-2000s (Box 13) includes additional postcards donated in 2019. Dates for postcards in this series were determined based on stamps where possible and were otherwise estimated based on style and design. It is divided into four subseries. Sub-series 1: Additional Lutheran churches (circa 1910s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Lutheran churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. One postcard depicts a church in Ontario, Canada which has been placed at the end of the state arrangement before the oversized. Sub-series 2: Additional Roman Catholic churches (circa 1950s-2000s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Roman Catholic churches. Postcards are arranged by size and then alphabetically by state, with oversized items at the end. Sub-series 3: Additional Episcopal churches (circa 1950s-1980s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of Episcopal churches. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by state. Sub-series 4: Additional other denominations (circa 1950s-1990s) includes postcards depicting both exterior and interior images of churches for a variety of other denominations and uses. Postcards are arranged alphabetically by use or denomination and then alphabetically by state."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref8\"\u003eThis collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains postcards of churches of many Christian denominations from the United States and Canada."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_25039d10bd6b223a8c06bf9333b89608\"\u003eR 54, C 3, S 3-4\n\nR 54, C 4, S 3\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 54, C 3, S 3-4\n\nR 54, C 4, S 3"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teigen, Philip M."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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