{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026page=3\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":22,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Agnes Wolf papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_110.xml","title_ssm":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"title_tesim":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0181","/repositories/2/resources/110"],"text":["C0181","/repositories/2/resources/110","Agnes Wolf papers","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Women political activists","Correspondence","Collection is open to research.","Organized by subject and date.","Agnes Wolf has been an active member of Northern Virginia's Democratic party since the 1970s. She was involved in the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and the McLean Citizens Association.","Processed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Stephanie Washburn in January 2013.","Special Collections and Archives holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government.","This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence with candidates and other supporters of the Democratic party, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0181","/repositories/2/resources/110"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"collection_ssim":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"creators_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"places_ssim":["Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Agnes Wolf in June 2010. Additonal materials donated in November 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Women political activists","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Women political activists","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.5 Linear Feet (30 boxes)","(27 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["12.5 Linear Feet (30 boxes)","(27 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by subject and date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by subject and date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAgnes Wolf has been an active member of Northern Virginia's Democratic party since the 1970s. She was involved in the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and the McLean Citizens Association.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Agnes Wolf has been an active member of Northern Virginia's Democratic party since the 1970s. She was involved in the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and the McLean Citizens Association."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAgnes Wolf papers, Collection C0181, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Agnes Wolf papers, Collection C0181, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Stephanie Washburn in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Stephanie Washburn in January 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence with candidates and other supporters of the Democratic party, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence with candidates and other supporters of the Democratic party, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_66f37390d5e326a7c02049f7d5cd8256\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (U.S.)","Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (U.S.)"],"persname_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":289,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:35:58.899Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_110.xml","title_ssm":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"title_tesim":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0181","/repositories/2/resources/110"],"text":["C0181","/repositories/2/resources/110","Agnes Wolf papers","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Women political activists","Correspondence","Collection is open to research.","Organized by subject and date.","Agnes Wolf has been an active member of Northern Virginia's Democratic party since the 1970s. She was involved in the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and the McLean Citizens Association.","Processed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Stephanie Washburn in January 2013.","Special Collections and Archives holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government.","This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence with candidates and other supporters of the Democratic party, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0181","/repositories/2/resources/110"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"collection_ssim":["Agnes Wolf papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"creators_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"places_ssim":["Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Agnes Wolf in June 2010. Additonal materials donated in November 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Women political activists","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Women political activists","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.5 Linear Feet (30 boxes)","(27 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["12.5 Linear Feet (30 boxes)","(27 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by subject and date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by subject and date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAgnes Wolf has been an active member of Northern Virginia's Democratic party since the 1970s. She was involved in the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and the McLean Citizens Association.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Agnes Wolf has been an active member of Northern Virginia's Democratic party since the 1970s. She was involved in the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and the McLean Citizens Association."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAgnes Wolf papers, Collection C0181, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Agnes Wolf papers, Collection C0181, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Stephanie Washburn in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in July 2010. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Stephanie Washburn in January 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence with candidates and other supporters of the Democratic party, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committee, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence with candidates and other supporters of the Democratic party, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_66f37390d5e326a7c02049f7d5cd8256\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains material from Agnes Wolf's work with the Dranesville District Democratic Committe, the Fairfax County Democratic Committee, the Democratic National Committee, the Women's Leaderships Forum, the McLean Citizens Association and other political organizations. The material consists of correspondence, campaign memorabilia, committee reports, photographs and voter data and information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (U.S.)","Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (U.S.)"],"persname_ssim":["Wolf, Agnes Strauss, 1925-2012"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":289,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:35:58.899Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_110"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"American Political Items Collectors collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_117.xml","title_ssm":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"title_tesim":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0023","/repositories/2/resources/117"],"text":["C0023","/repositories/2/resources/117","American Political Items Collectors collection","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Politicians","Political posters","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into three series:","Series Series 1: Subject Files, 1895-1982 (Boxes 1-3) Series 2: Printed Material, 1932-1982 (Boxes 3-6) Series 3: Oversize Material, 1940-1988 (Boxes 7-8)","The American Political Items Collectors (APIC) is a non-profit membership organization that seeks to encourage and support the collection, study and preservation of original materials relating to political campaigns of the United States of America. The APIC was founded in 1945 with the hope of promoting the heritage of the United States through the study of materials that cover political campaigns and the presidency.","The APIC Collection was processed in 1988 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. It was divided alphabetically and chronologically into six separate boxes. In 2008 the collection was re-processed by Beth Jante, Special Collections Research Center Staff. The collection was put into new folders and boxes and arranged into three series: Subject Files, Printed Material and Oversize Material. The collection now spans eight boxes.","Special Collections Research Center also holds collections of many Northern Virginia local and national political leaders and organizations, such as the  , the  , and the  .","The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books. The APIC collection is divided into three series for easy research and use. The three series are: Subject Files, arranged alphabetically; Printed Material, arranged alphabetically; and Oversize Materials, separated into posters and newspapers arranged chronologically. ","The first series, Subject Files, ranges from 1895 to 1982. It is composed of campaigning materials from presidential candidates such as Jimmy Carter, Hubert Humphrey,George McGovern, Richard Nixon and many more. Included in this campaigning material are informational pamphlets, stickers and stamps. The inaugural events and invitations to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural celebration are included here as well as a copy of the Watergate Transcript. The historic voting ballots of 1936 which elected Franklin D. Roosevelt president are in this collection as well. Also in the Subject Files is a collection of magazines such as \"Time\" and \"Life\" from 1960-1967 that cover the life and death of President John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson's photography book entitled \"This America\" is also included here. ","The second series, Printed Material, is composed of magazines, newsletters and books dating from 1932 to 1982. Included in this collection is the APIC newsletter, \"Keynoter,\" dating from 1967 to 1982, as well as the 1965 APIC \"Brummagem.\" Also included are special 1976 magazine issues covering the 200-year anniversary of America. Magazines included for these special anniversary issues are \"McCall's,\" \"Time,\" and \"Newsweek.\" Also provided in the Printed Materials series are handbooks, pamphlets, admission tickets and official proceeding booklets of the Democratic National Convention from the years 1964 to 1976. Other printed material included in this collection are copies of \"Political Intelligence\" newsletter, \"The Capitol,\" and \"The Standard.\" ","The third series in the APIC collection, Oversize Material, is composed of posters, newspapers, photographs, political buttons and a Presidential Fact Finder Wheel artifact. Posters date from as early as 1940 up to as late as 1980. Some highlights in the poster collection include posters of Ronald Reagan and George Bush, Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale, Richard Nixon, Andrew Pulley and Matilde Zimmerman of the Socialist Workers Party, and Henry Wallace. The newspaper collection contains articles from 1961 to 1981 and is composed of the \"Washington Post,\" \"Washington Star,\" \"Washington Daily News,\" and the \"New York Times.\" Important subjects of these newspapers range from President John F. Kennedy's assassination and interment as well as the marriage of Chuck Robb and Lynda Bird Johnson. Other highlights are the 100 year anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and the inauguration coverage of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. There are also three large format photographs from the 1988 Democratic National Convention and the 1988 Republican National Convention. The photographs are of Michael Dukakis' acceptance speech, Beryl Ann Bentson, Lloyd Bentson, Michael Dukakis, and Kitty Dukakis toegther on the stage, Senator Paul Simon speaking to reporters, Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. The three political buttons feature \"Vote Communist for a free, happy, prosperous America\", \"Ollie for President!\", and \"Bush, Quayle '88\". ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0023","/repositories/2/resources/117"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"collection_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"creator_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"creators_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Richard Lyon and Robert Fratkin of APIC in 1981 and donated by Theodore Hake in 1982. Additional photographs donated by Mills Kelly in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Politicians","Political posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Politicians","Political posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Linear Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Linear Feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Political posters"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Subject Files, 1895-1982 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Printed Material, 1932-1982 (Boxes 3-6)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Oversize Material, 1940-1988 (Boxes 7-8)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into three series:","Series Series 1: Subject Files, 1895-1982 (Boxes 1-3) Series 2: Printed Material, 1932-1982 (Boxes 3-6) Series 3: Oversize Material, 1940-1988 (Boxes 7-8)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Political Items Collectors (APIC) is a non-profit membership organization that seeks to encourage and support the collection, study and preservation of original materials relating to political campaigns of the United States of America. The APIC was founded in 1945 with the hope of promoting the heritage of the United States through the study of materials that cover political campaigns and the presidency.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Political Items Collectors (APIC) is a non-profit membership organization that seeks to encourage and support the collection, study and preservation of original materials relating to political campaigns of the United States of America. The APIC was founded in 1945 with the hope of promoting the heritage of the United States through the study of materials that cover political campaigns and the presidency."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Political Items Collectors collection, C0023, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["American Political Items Collectors collection, C0023, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe APIC Collection was processed in 1988 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. It was divided alphabetically and chronologically into six separate boxes. In 2008 the collection was re-processed by Beth Jante, Special Collections Research Center Staff. The collection was put into new folders and boxes and arranged into three series: Subject Files, Printed Material and Oversize Material. The collection now spans eight boxes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The APIC Collection was processed in 1988 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. It was divided alphabetically and chronologically into six separate boxes. In 2008 the collection was re-processed by Beth Jante, Special Collections Research Center Staff. The collection was put into new folders and boxes and arranged into three series: Subject Files, Printed Material and Oversize Material. The collection now spans eight boxes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds collections of many Northern Virginia local and national political leaders and organizations, such as the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Emilie F. Miller papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0048\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"William Lloyd Scott papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0128\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0031\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds collections of many Northern Virginia local and national political leaders and organizations, such as the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books. The APIC collection is divided into three series for easy research and use. The three series are: Subject Files, arranged alphabetically; Printed Material, arranged alphabetically; and Oversize Materials, separated into posters and newspapers arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series, Subject Files, ranges from 1895 to 1982. It is composed of campaigning materials from presidential candidates such as Jimmy Carter, Hubert Humphrey,George McGovern, Richard Nixon and many more. Included in this campaigning material are informational pamphlets, stickers and stamps. The inaugural events and invitations to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural celebration are included here as well as a copy of the Watergate Transcript. The historic voting ballots of 1936 which elected Franklin D. Roosevelt president are in this collection as well. Also in the Subject Files is a collection of magazines such as \"Time\" and \"Life\" from 1960-1967 that cover the life and death of President John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson's photography book entitled \"This America\" is also included here. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second series, Printed Material, is composed of magazines, newsletters and books dating from 1932 to 1982. Included in this collection is the APIC newsletter, \"Keynoter,\" dating from 1967 to 1982, as well as the 1965 APIC \"Brummagem.\" Also included are special 1976 magazine issues covering the 200-year anniversary of America. Magazines included for these special anniversary issues are \"McCall's,\" \"Time,\" and \"Newsweek.\" Also provided in the Printed Materials series are handbooks, pamphlets, admission tickets and official proceeding booklets of the Democratic National Convention from the years 1964 to 1976. Other printed material included in this collection are copies of \"Political Intelligence\" newsletter, \"The Capitol,\" and \"The Standard.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe third series in the APIC collection, Oversize Material, is composed of posters, newspapers, photographs, political buttons and a Presidential Fact Finder Wheel artifact. Posters date from as early as 1940 up to as late as 1980. Some highlights in the poster collection include posters of Ronald Reagan and George Bush, Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale, Richard Nixon, Andrew Pulley and Matilde Zimmerman of the Socialist Workers Party, and Henry Wallace. The newspaper collection contains articles from 1961 to 1981 and is composed of the \"Washington Post,\" \"Washington Star,\" \"Washington Daily News,\" and the \"New York Times.\" Important subjects of these newspapers range from President John F. Kennedy's assassination and interment as well as the marriage of Chuck Robb and Lynda Bird Johnson. Other highlights are the 100 year anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and the inauguration coverage of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. There are also three large format photographs from the 1988 Democratic National Convention and the 1988 Republican National Convention. The photographs are of Michael Dukakis' acceptance speech, Beryl Ann Bentson, Lloyd Bentson, Michael Dukakis, and Kitty Dukakis toegther on the stage, Senator Paul Simon speaking to reporters, Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. The three political buttons feature \"Vote Communist for a free, happy, prosperous America\", \"Ollie for President!\", and \"Bush, Quayle '88\". \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books. The APIC collection is divided into three series for easy research and use. The three series are: Subject Files, arranged alphabetically; Printed Material, arranged alphabetically; and Oversize Materials, separated into posters and newspapers arranged chronologically. ","The first series, Subject Files, ranges from 1895 to 1982. It is composed of campaigning materials from presidential candidates such as Jimmy Carter, Hubert Humphrey,George McGovern, Richard Nixon and many more. Included in this campaigning material are informational pamphlets, stickers and stamps. The inaugural events and invitations to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural celebration are included here as well as a copy of the Watergate Transcript. The historic voting ballots of 1936 which elected Franklin D. Roosevelt president are in this collection as well. Also in the Subject Files is a collection of magazines such as \"Time\" and \"Life\" from 1960-1967 that cover the life and death of President John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson's photography book entitled \"This America\" is also included here. ","The second series, Printed Material, is composed of magazines, newsletters and books dating from 1932 to 1982. Included in this collection is the APIC newsletter, \"Keynoter,\" dating from 1967 to 1982, as well as the 1965 APIC \"Brummagem.\" Also included are special 1976 magazine issues covering the 200-year anniversary of America. Magazines included for these special anniversary issues are \"McCall's,\" \"Time,\" and \"Newsweek.\" Also provided in the Printed Materials series are handbooks, pamphlets, admission tickets and official proceeding booklets of the Democratic National Convention from the years 1964 to 1976. Other printed material included in this collection are copies of \"Political Intelligence\" newsletter, \"The Capitol,\" and \"The Standard.\" ","The third series in the APIC collection, Oversize Material, is composed of posters, newspapers, photographs, political buttons and a Presidential Fact Finder Wheel artifact. Posters date from as early as 1940 up to as late as 1980. Some highlights in the poster collection include posters of Ronald Reagan and George Bush, Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale, Richard Nixon, Andrew Pulley and Matilde Zimmerman of the Socialist Workers Party, and Henry Wallace. The newspaper collection contains articles from 1961 to 1981 and is composed of the \"Washington Post,\" \"Washington Star,\" \"Washington Daily News,\" and the \"New York Times.\" Important subjects of these newspapers range from President John F. Kennedy's assassination and interment as well as the marriage of Chuck Robb and Lynda Bird Johnson. Other highlights are the 100 year anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and the inauguration coverage of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. There are also three large format photographs from the 1988 Democratic National Convention and the 1988 Republican National Convention. The photographs are of Michael Dukakis' acceptance speech, Beryl Ann Bentson, Lloyd Bentson, Michael Dukakis, and Kitty Dukakis toegther on the stage, Senator Paul Simon speaking to reporters, Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. The three political buttons feature \"Vote Communist for a free, happy, prosperous America\", \"Ollie for President!\", and \"Bush, Quayle '88\". "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d0efb5b39f08d0bd3824501a0b0b7ff2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"persname_ssim":["Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":100,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:14:33.085Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_117.xml","title_ssm":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"title_tesim":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0023","/repositories/2/resources/117"],"text":["C0023","/repositories/2/resources/117","American Political Items Collectors collection","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Politicians","Political posters","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into three series:","Series Series 1: Subject Files, 1895-1982 (Boxes 1-3) Series 2: Printed Material, 1932-1982 (Boxes 3-6) Series 3: Oversize Material, 1940-1988 (Boxes 7-8)","The American Political Items Collectors (APIC) is a non-profit membership organization that seeks to encourage and support the collection, study and preservation of original materials relating to political campaigns of the United States of America. The APIC was founded in 1945 with the hope of promoting the heritage of the United States through the study of materials that cover political campaigns and the presidency.","The APIC Collection was processed in 1988 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. It was divided alphabetically and chronologically into six separate boxes. In 2008 the collection was re-processed by Beth Jante, Special Collections Research Center Staff. The collection was put into new folders and boxes and arranged into three series: Subject Files, Printed Material and Oversize Material. The collection now spans eight boxes.","Special Collections Research Center also holds collections of many Northern Virginia local and national political leaders and organizations, such as the  , the  , and the  .","The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books. The APIC collection is divided into three series for easy research and use. The three series are: Subject Files, arranged alphabetically; Printed Material, arranged alphabetically; and Oversize Materials, separated into posters and newspapers arranged chronologically. ","The first series, Subject Files, ranges from 1895 to 1982. It is composed of campaigning materials from presidential candidates such as Jimmy Carter, Hubert Humphrey,George McGovern, Richard Nixon and many more. Included in this campaigning material are informational pamphlets, stickers and stamps. The inaugural events and invitations to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural celebration are included here as well as a copy of the Watergate Transcript. The historic voting ballots of 1936 which elected Franklin D. Roosevelt president are in this collection as well. Also in the Subject Files is a collection of magazines such as \"Time\" and \"Life\" from 1960-1967 that cover the life and death of President John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson's photography book entitled \"This America\" is also included here. ","The second series, Printed Material, is composed of magazines, newsletters and books dating from 1932 to 1982. Included in this collection is the APIC newsletter, \"Keynoter,\" dating from 1967 to 1982, as well as the 1965 APIC \"Brummagem.\" Also included are special 1976 magazine issues covering the 200-year anniversary of America. Magazines included for these special anniversary issues are \"McCall's,\" \"Time,\" and \"Newsweek.\" Also provided in the Printed Materials series are handbooks, pamphlets, admission tickets and official proceeding booklets of the Democratic National Convention from the years 1964 to 1976. Other printed material included in this collection are copies of \"Political Intelligence\" newsletter, \"The Capitol,\" and \"The Standard.\" ","The third series in the APIC collection, Oversize Material, is composed of posters, newspapers, photographs, political buttons and a Presidential Fact Finder Wheel artifact. Posters date from as early as 1940 up to as late as 1980. Some highlights in the poster collection include posters of Ronald Reagan and George Bush, Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale, Richard Nixon, Andrew Pulley and Matilde Zimmerman of the Socialist Workers Party, and Henry Wallace. The newspaper collection contains articles from 1961 to 1981 and is composed of the \"Washington Post,\" \"Washington Star,\" \"Washington Daily News,\" and the \"New York Times.\" Important subjects of these newspapers range from President John F. Kennedy's assassination and interment as well as the marriage of Chuck Robb and Lynda Bird Johnson. Other highlights are the 100 year anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and the inauguration coverage of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. There are also three large format photographs from the 1988 Democratic National Convention and the 1988 Republican National Convention. The photographs are of Michael Dukakis' acceptance speech, Beryl Ann Bentson, Lloyd Bentson, Michael Dukakis, and Kitty Dukakis toegther on the stage, Senator Paul Simon speaking to reporters, Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. The three political buttons feature \"Vote Communist for a free, happy, prosperous America\", \"Ollie for President!\", and \"Bush, Quayle '88\". ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0023","/repositories/2/resources/117"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"collection_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"creator_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"creators_ssim":["American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Richard Lyon and Robert Fratkin of APIC in 1981 and donated by Theodore Hake in 1982. Additional photographs donated by Mills Kelly in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Politicians","Political posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Politicians","Political posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Linear Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Linear Feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Political posters"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Subject Files, 1895-1982 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Printed Material, 1932-1982 (Boxes 3-6)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Oversize Material, 1940-1988 (Boxes 7-8)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into three series:","Series Series 1: Subject Files, 1895-1982 (Boxes 1-3) Series 2: Printed Material, 1932-1982 (Boxes 3-6) Series 3: Oversize Material, 1940-1988 (Boxes 7-8)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Political Items Collectors (APIC) is a non-profit membership organization that seeks to encourage and support the collection, study and preservation of original materials relating to political campaigns of the United States of America. The APIC was founded in 1945 with the hope of promoting the heritage of the United States through the study of materials that cover political campaigns and the presidency.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Political Items Collectors (APIC) is a non-profit membership organization that seeks to encourage and support the collection, study and preservation of original materials relating to political campaigns of the United States of America. The APIC was founded in 1945 with the hope of promoting the heritage of the United States through the study of materials that cover political campaigns and the presidency."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Political Items Collectors collection, C0023, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["American Political Items Collectors collection, C0023, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe APIC Collection was processed in 1988 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. It was divided alphabetically and chronologically into six separate boxes. In 2008 the collection was re-processed by Beth Jante, Special Collections Research Center Staff. The collection was put into new folders and boxes and arranged into three series: Subject Files, Printed Material and Oversize Material. The collection now spans eight boxes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The APIC Collection was processed in 1988 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. It was divided alphabetically and chronologically into six separate boxes. In 2008 the collection was re-processed by Beth Jante, Special Collections Research Center Staff. The collection was put into new folders and boxes and arranged into three series: Subject Files, Printed Material and Oversize Material. The collection now spans eight boxes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds collections of many Northern Virginia local and national political leaders and organizations, such as the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Emilie F. Miller papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0048\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"William Lloyd Scott papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0128\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0031\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds collections of many Northern Virginia local and national political leaders and organizations, such as the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books. The APIC collection is divided into three series for easy research and use. The three series are: Subject Files, arranged alphabetically; Printed Material, arranged alphabetically; and Oversize Materials, separated into posters and newspapers arranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series, Subject Files, ranges from 1895 to 1982. It is composed of campaigning materials from presidential candidates such as Jimmy Carter, Hubert Humphrey,George McGovern, Richard Nixon and many more. Included in this campaigning material are informational pamphlets, stickers and stamps. The inaugural events and invitations to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural celebration are included here as well as a copy of the Watergate Transcript. The historic voting ballots of 1936 which elected Franklin D. Roosevelt president are in this collection as well. Also in the Subject Files is a collection of magazines such as \"Time\" and \"Life\" from 1960-1967 that cover the life and death of President John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson's photography book entitled \"This America\" is also included here. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second series, Printed Material, is composed of magazines, newsletters and books dating from 1932 to 1982. Included in this collection is the APIC newsletter, \"Keynoter,\" dating from 1967 to 1982, as well as the 1965 APIC \"Brummagem.\" Also included are special 1976 magazine issues covering the 200-year anniversary of America. Magazines included for these special anniversary issues are \"McCall's,\" \"Time,\" and \"Newsweek.\" Also provided in the Printed Materials series are handbooks, pamphlets, admission tickets and official proceeding booklets of the Democratic National Convention from the years 1964 to 1976. Other printed material included in this collection are copies of \"Political Intelligence\" newsletter, \"The Capitol,\" and \"The Standard.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe third series in the APIC collection, Oversize Material, is composed of posters, newspapers, photographs, political buttons and a Presidential Fact Finder Wheel artifact. Posters date from as early as 1940 up to as late as 1980. Some highlights in the poster collection include posters of Ronald Reagan and George Bush, Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale, Richard Nixon, Andrew Pulley and Matilde Zimmerman of the Socialist Workers Party, and Henry Wallace. The newspaper collection contains articles from 1961 to 1981 and is composed of the \"Washington Post,\" \"Washington Star,\" \"Washington Daily News,\" and the \"New York Times.\" Important subjects of these newspapers range from President John F. Kennedy's assassination and interment as well as the marriage of Chuck Robb and Lynda Bird Johnson. Other highlights are the 100 year anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and the inauguration coverage of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. There are also three large format photographs from the 1988 Democratic National Convention and the 1988 Republican National Convention. The photographs are of Michael Dukakis' acceptance speech, Beryl Ann Bentson, Lloyd Bentson, Michael Dukakis, and Kitty Dukakis toegther on the stage, Senator Paul Simon speaking to reporters, Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. The three political buttons feature \"Vote Communist for a free, happy, prosperous America\", \"Ollie for President!\", and \"Bush, Quayle '88\". \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books. The APIC collection is divided into three series for easy research and use. The three series are: Subject Files, arranged alphabetically; Printed Material, arranged alphabetically; and Oversize Materials, separated into posters and newspapers arranged chronologically. ","The first series, Subject Files, ranges from 1895 to 1982. It is composed of campaigning materials from presidential candidates such as Jimmy Carter, Hubert Humphrey,George McGovern, Richard Nixon and many more. Included in this campaigning material are informational pamphlets, stickers and stamps. The inaugural events and invitations to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural celebration are included here as well as a copy of the Watergate Transcript. The historic voting ballots of 1936 which elected Franklin D. Roosevelt president are in this collection as well. Also in the Subject Files is a collection of magazines such as \"Time\" and \"Life\" from 1960-1967 that cover the life and death of President John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson's photography book entitled \"This America\" is also included here. ","The second series, Printed Material, is composed of magazines, newsletters and books dating from 1932 to 1982. Included in this collection is the APIC newsletter, \"Keynoter,\" dating from 1967 to 1982, as well as the 1965 APIC \"Brummagem.\" Also included are special 1976 magazine issues covering the 200-year anniversary of America. Magazines included for these special anniversary issues are \"McCall's,\" \"Time,\" and \"Newsweek.\" Also provided in the Printed Materials series are handbooks, pamphlets, admission tickets and official proceeding booklets of the Democratic National Convention from the years 1964 to 1976. Other printed material included in this collection are copies of \"Political Intelligence\" newsletter, \"The Capitol,\" and \"The Standard.\" ","The third series in the APIC collection, Oversize Material, is composed of posters, newspapers, photographs, political buttons and a Presidential Fact Finder Wheel artifact. Posters date from as early as 1940 up to as late as 1980. Some highlights in the poster collection include posters of Ronald Reagan and George Bush, Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale, Richard Nixon, Andrew Pulley and Matilde Zimmerman of the Socialist Workers Party, and Henry Wallace. The newspaper collection contains articles from 1961 to 1981 and is composed of the \"Washington Post,\" \"Washington Star,\" \"Washington Daily News,\" and the \"New York Times.\" Important subjects of these newspapers range from President John F. Kennedy's assassination and interment as well as the marriage of Chuck Robb and Lynda Bird Johnson. Other highlights are the 100 year anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and the inauguration coverage of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. There are also three large format photographs from the 1988 Democratic National Convention and the 1988 Republican National Convention. The photographs are of Michael Dukakis' acceptance speech, Beryl Ann Bentson, Lloyd Bentson, Michael Dukakis, and Kitty Dukakis toegther on the stage, Senator Paul Simon speaking to reporters, Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. The three political buttons feature \"Vote Communist for a free, happy, prosperous America\", \"Ollie for President!\", and \"Bush, Quayle '88\". "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d0efb5b39f08d0bd3824501a0b0b7ff2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The American Political Items Collectors Collection (APIC) contains donations of scholarly material that relates to national political campaigns as well as American history dating from 1895 to 1988. This collection is comprised of presidential campaigning materials that stem from bumper stickers to voting ballots. Not only is it an extensive collection of presidential campaigns but it also houses historical magazines, newspapers, and many other manuscripts and books."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Political Items Collectors (Organization)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"persname_ssim":["Bush, George, 1924-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Reagan, Ronald","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":100,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:14:33.085Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_117"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Schell, Arden B.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_155.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","title_ssm":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"title_tesim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1974"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0041","/repositories/2/resources/155"],"text":["C0041","/repositories/2/resources/155","Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","There are no access restrictions.","Organized by subject.","The papers included in this collection consist primarily of \"evidentiary statements\" gathered by the House Judiciary Committee's Inquiry staff during its investigation of President Richard Nixon and the Watergate break-in and cover-up. The Inquiry staff was charged with collecting evidence that would be used by the Committee to determine whether or not Nixon should be impeached. The evidentiary statements derive from the Nixon Oval Office tape recordings as well as testimony and documents from key White House, FBI, and CIA personnel. ","Arden B. Schell was an Assistant Counsel on the House Judiciary Committee. ","Some reprocessing was completed in 2009, and the folder information contains the old box and folder numbers. ","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. ","The Special Collections Research Center also holds material about Watergate in the  , the  , and the  .","This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts. In addition to the Watergate break in, the subjects covered in this collection include materials on the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, domestic surveillance, dairy price supports, abuse of the Internal Revenue Service, and the activities of the Special Prosecutors.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary","Schell, Arden B.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0041","/repositories/2/resources/155"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"collection_ssim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Schell, Arden B."],"creator_ssim":["Schell, Arden B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Schell, Arden B."],"creators_ssim":["Schell, Arden B."],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Ms. Arden Schell in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11 Linear Feet 22 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["11 Linear Feet 22 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers included in this collection consist primarily of \"evidentiary statements\" gathered by the House Judiciary Committee's Inquiry staff during its investigation of President Richard Nixon and the Watergate break-in and cover-up. The Inquiry staff was charged with collecting evidence that would be used by the Committee to determine whether or not Nixon should be impeached. The evidentiary statements derive from the Nixon Oval Office tape recordings as well as testimony and documents from key White House, FBI, and CIA personnel. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArden B. Schell was an Assistant Counsel on the House Judiciary Committee. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The papers included in this collection consist primarily of \"evidentiary statements\" gathered by the House Judiciary Committee's Inquiry staff during its investigation of President Richard Nixon and the Watergate break-in and cover-up. The Inquiry staff was charged with collecting evidence that would be used by the Committee to determine whether or not Nixon should be impeached. The evidentiary statements derive from the Nixon Oval Office tape recordings as well as testimony and documents from key White House, FBI, and CIA personnel. ","Arden B. Schell was an Assistant Counsel on the House Judiciary Committee. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArden B. Schell Watergate collection, C0041, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection, C0041, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome reprocessing was completed in 2009, and the folder information contains the old box and folder numbers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Some reprocessing was completed in 2009, and the folder information contains the old box and folder numbers. ","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds material about Watergate in the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"American Political Items Collectors collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0023\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Francis J. McNamara papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0024\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Frank Phillippi Watergate collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0053\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds material about Watergate in the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts. In addition to the Watergate break in, the subjects covered in this collection include materials on the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, domestic surveillance, dairy price supports, abuse of the Internal Revenue Service, and the activities of the Special Prosecutors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts. In addition to the Watergate break in, the subjects covered in this collection include materials on the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, domestic surveillance, dairy price supports, abuse of the Internal Revenue Service, and the activities of the Special Prosecutors."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d774054c2b7e1ca65b4d31b0d9582308\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary","Schell, Arden B.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary"],"persname_ssim":["Schell, Arden B.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":777,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:14:33.085Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_155.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","title_ssm":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"title_tesim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1974"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0041","/repositories/2/resources/155"],"text":["C0041","/repositories/2/resources/155","Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","There are no access restrictions.","Organized by subject.","The papers included in this collection consist primarily of \"evidentiary statements\" gathered by the House Judiciary Committee's Inquiry staff during its investigation of President Richard Nixon and the Watergate break-in and cover-up. The Inquiry staff was charged with collecting evidence that would be used by the Committee to determine whether or not Nixon should be impeached. The evidentiary statements derive from the Nixon Oval Office tape recordings as well as testimony and documents from key White House, FBI, and CIA personnel. ","Arden B. Schell was an Assistant Counsel on the House Judiciary Committee. ","Some reprocessing was completed in 2009, and the folder information contains the old box and folder numbers. ","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. ","The Special Collections Research Center also holds material about Watergate in the  , the  , and the  .","This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts. In addition to the Watergate break in, the subjects covered in this collection include materials on the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, domestic surveillance, dairy price supports, abuse of the Internal Revenue Service, and the activities of the Special Prosecutors.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary","Schell, Arden B.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0041","/repositories/2/resources/155"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"collection_ssim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Schell, Arden B."],"creator_ssim":["Schell, Arden B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Schell, Arden B."],"creators_ssim":["Schell, Arden B."],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Ms. Arden Schell in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11 Linear Feet 22 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["11 Linear Feet 22 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers included in this collection consist primarily of \"evidentiary statements\" gathered by the House Judiciary Committee's Inquiry staff during its investigation of President Richard Nixon and the Watergate break-in and cover-up. The Inquiry staff was charged with collecting evidence that would be used by the Committee to determine whether or not Nixon should be impeached. The evidentiary statements derive from the Nixon Oval Office tape recordings as well as testimony and documents from key White House, FBI, and CIA personnel. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArden B. Schell was an Assistant Counsel on the House Judiciary Committee. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The papers included in this collection consist primarily of \"evidentiary statements\" gathered by the House Judiciary Committee's Inquiry staff during its investigation of President Richard Nixon and the Watergate break-in and cover-up. The Inquiry staff was charged with collecting evidence that would be used by the Committee to determine whether or not Nixon should be impeached. The evidentiary statements derive from the Nixon Oval Office tape recordings as well as testimony and documents from key White House, FBI, and CIA personnel. ","Arden B. Schell was an Assistant Counsel on the House Judiciary Committee. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArden B. Schell Watergate collection, C0041, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Arden B. Schell Watergate collection, C0041, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome reprocessing was completed in 2009, and the folder information contains the old box and folder numbers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Some reprocessing was completed in 2009, and the folder information contains the old box and folder numbers. ","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds material about Watergate in the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"American Political Items Collectors collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0023\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Francis J. McNamara papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0024\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Frank Phillippi Watergate collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0053\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds material about Watergate in the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts. In addition to the Watergate break in, the subjects covered in this collection include materials on the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, domestic surveillance, dairy price supports, abuse of the Internal Revenue Service, and the activities of the Special Prosecutors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts. In addition to the Watergate break in, the subjects covered in this collection include materials on the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, domestic surveillance, dairy price supports, abuse of the Internal Revenue Service, and the activities of the Special Prosecutors."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d774054c2b7e1ca65b4d31b0d9582308\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains documents assembled by House Judiciary Committee Assistant Counsel Arden Schell, relating to the investigation of the Watergate Affair (1972-1974). The materials include evidentiary statements, printed (GPO) publications detailing the House Committee on the Judiciary investigation of Watergate and resulting impeachment hearings, and other textual materials such as correspondence, notes, and transcripts."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary","Schell, Arden B.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary"],"persname_ssim":["Schell, Arden B.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":777,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:14:33.085Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_155"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9122#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9122#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCertificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020. Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026amp; Mary. Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9122#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9122.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","title_ssm":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["2016- 2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2016- 2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00096","/repositories/2/resources/9122"],"text":["MS 00096","/repositories/2/resources/9122","Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council","Elections--Virginia","Politics","United States--Politics and Government","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The Collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Correespondence, Series II. Certificates and Awards, Series III. Printed Materials and Series IV. Additions I.","Certificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020.  Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026 Mary.  Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026 Mary.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00096","/repositories/2/resources/9122"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council"],"creator_ssm":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"creator_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"creators_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2016.127 was hand delivered to SCRC in October 2016. Acc. 2017.001 was hand delivered to the SCRC and added to the collection in January 2017. Accession 2018.224 added to the collection."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Elections--Virginia","Politics","United States--Politics and Government"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Elections--Virginia","Politics","United States--Politics and Government"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder."],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder."],"date_range_isim":[2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Correespondence, Series II. Certificates and Awards, Series III. Printed Materials and Series IV. Additions I.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Correespondence, Series II. Certificates and Awards, Series III. Printed Materials and Series IV. Additions I."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Zhang Williamsburg City Council Papers, 2016- 2017, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin Zhang Williamsburg City Council Papers, 2016- 2017, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCertificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020.  Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026amp; Mary.  Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Certificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020.  Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026 Mary.  Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026 Mary."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:35:11.147Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9122","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9122.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","title_ssm":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["2016- 2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2016- 2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00096","/repositories/2/resources/9122"],"text":["MS 00096","/repositories/2/resources/9122","Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council","Elections--Virginia","Politics","United States--Politics and Government","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The Collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Correespondence, Series II. Certificates and Awards, Series III. Printed Materials and Series IV. Additions I.","Certificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020.  Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026 Mary.  Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026 Mary.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00096","/repositories/2/resources/9122"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council"],"creator_ssm":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"creator_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"creators_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--City Council"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2016.127 was hand delivered to SCRC in October 2016. Acc. 2017.001 was hand delivered to the SCRC and added to the collection in January 2017. Accession 2018.224 added to the collection."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Elections--Virginia","Politics","United States--Politics and Government"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Elections--Virginia","Politics","United States--Politics and Government"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder."],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder."],"date_range_isim":[2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Correespondence, Series II. Certificates and Awards, Series III. Printed Materials and Series IV. Additions I.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Correespondence, Series II. Certificates and Awards, Series III. Printed Materials and Series IV. Additions I."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Zhang Williamsburg City Council Papers, 2016- 2017, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin Zhang Williamsburg City Council Papers, 2016- 2017, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCertificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020.  Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026amp; Mary.  Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Certificates, newspaper articles, programs, and pamphlets regarding Benjamin (Benny) Zhang's position on Williamsburg's City Council, July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020.  Included in the collection are official and personal congratulation letters to Benjamin Zhang regarding his election to Williamsburg City Council in 2016, Baptism/ Confirmation of faith at Bruton Parish Church, and certificates from William \u0026 Mary.  Zhang is a 2016 graduate of William \u0026 Mary."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Zhang, Benjamin (Bennie), 1994-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:35:11.147Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9122"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Clive L. DuVal papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_6.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clive L. DuVal papers","title_ssm":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"title_tesim":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0007","/repositories/2/resources/6"],"text":["C0007","/repositories/2/resources/6","Clive L. DuVal papers","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern","Environmental policy -- Virginia","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","Politics","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged into six series by subject. Each series is divided into subseries by date, and each subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject/title.","Series Series 1: Correspondence, 1973-1994 (Box 1-24) Series 2: Legislative Files, 1966-1992 (Box 25-73) Series 3: Campaign Materials, 1960-1994 (Box 74-76) Series 4: McLean Citizens Association, 1960-1962 (Box 77) Series 5: Virginians for Dulles, 1968-1981 (Box 78-80) Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters, 1966-1987 (Box 81) Series 7: Printed Materials, 1963-1989 (Box 81)","Born June 20, 1912, in New York City, Clive L. DuVal 2nd, graduated summa cum laude in 1935 from Yale University where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1938, he received an LL.B. from Yale University Law School. While a law student, he edited the Yale Law Journal.","DuVal spent most of lengthy career in public service. Serving from 1942-1946 as a U.S. Naval officer, he was assigned to an aircraft carrier in the Pacific during World War II. During his military service, he received a Commendation Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon with five battle stars, and a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 until 1959 when he entered private law practice, he served as Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of the Army (1951-1952), Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Defense (1953), Assistant General Counsel (international Affairs) in the Department of the Defense (1953-1955), and General Counsel for the U.S. Information Agency (1955-1959). In 1959, he was Associate General Counsel for the President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program.","After joining the Arlington, Virginia, law firm of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley, and McCloy in 1959, DuVal successfully ran as a Democratic candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates in 1965. During three terms as a Delegate, he sponsored or helped bring passage of legislation relating to workman's compensation issues, the protection of historic landmarks, tax and election reform, and participated in the revision of the Virginia State Constitution in 1969. His leadership in conservation was recognized when he was chosen outstanding legislator by the National Wildlife Federation in 1969.","After unsuccessfully running for the U.S. House of Representatives, 10th District of Virginia, in 1968, he defeated an incumbent to gain a seat in the Virginia Senate in 1971. Senator DuVal tried twice without success to gain his party's nomination to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and 1978. He has been elected to successive four-year terms in the Virginia Senate since 1971.","During his tenure in the Virginia Senate, DuVal served on numerous committees, including Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources; Commerce and Labor; Finance; Privileges and Elections; and Rules. He has been most noted for being the sponsor of the Equal Rights Amendment in the Virginia Senate. His legislative interests reflect a concern for consumers, for the environment, and for the constituents of his Northern Virginia district. He served as Chairman of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens lobby to reduce noise levels and traffic at National Airport in Arlington.","In 1940 DuVal married Susan Holdredge Bontecou. They had four children, Susan, Clive, David, and Daniel. Longtime residents of McLean, Virginia, they restored and live in historic \"Salona,\" the house where President James Madison and his wife, Dolley, sought refuge during the burning of Washington in the War of 1812. ","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. Finding aid compiled by Mark W. Flynn in 1990. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government as well as the records of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens action group for which DuVal served as president. For additional materials on Virginians for Dulles see the finding aid for the  .","The materials in this collection contain information concerning the Virginia state legislative and political processes. Significant legislative issues represented in the collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia. ","Series 1: Correspondence contains letters written between Clive DuVal and constituents, state and national politicians, staff members, friends and acquaintances. Topics of correspondence include recommendations for service academy appointments, college admissions, and jobs; responses to invitations; instructions to staff members; and constituent concerns such as the environment, spousal abuse, traffic, Great Falls improvements, and historic landmarks. ","Series 2: Legislative Files contains research for drafts and printed copies of legislation sponsored by or supported by Clive DuVal during service in the Virginia House of Delegates and the Senate, notably the Equal Rights Amendment, the Lottery Bill, nuclear regulation, public utility regulation, tax benefits for the elderly and handicapped, pesticide controls, beverage container law, mining industry regulation, transportation and highways, and higher education in Northern Virginia (Community College and George Mason University). Subseries 2.2 consists of studies on issues that are not necessarily linked to a specific bill. Such studies were used as background for developing a legislative agenda as well as for taking part in informed debate. Included in the studies are the major working files for the revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969) as well as information on such topics as the environment and nuclear energy regulation. ","Series 3: Campaign Materials contains notes for speeches, legislator survey responses, fund-raising files, reports of campaign contributions and expenditures, declaration of candidacy certificates, election tallies, brochures, position papers, and press releases and clipping files. ","Series 4: McLean Citizens Association documents DuVal's work as president of the McLean Citizens Association (MCA). The records portray efforts to reverse a rezoning decision made by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors as requested by developer Sheldon Magazine. Magazine sought the rezoning for the purpose of constructing apartment units in an area known as Merrywood located on Route 123. Development of this tract of land was viewed by the MCA and others as a threat to the environment of the Potomac Gorge located above the Key Bridge between Virginia and the District of Columbia. The matter went before a Grand Jury in 1962 which examined the potential involvement of County officials in criminal activity regarding the rezoning application. Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, resolutions, records of public hearings, petitions in opposition to rezoning, legal research, legal documents, press releases, newsclippings, photographs, and slides. ","Series 5: Virginians for Dulles documents DuVal's work as president of Virginians for Dulles (VFD), a citizen action group that sought to reduce aircraft noise and emmissions by rerouting air traffic from Washington National to Dulles International Airport. The series includes meeting minutes, correspondence between VFD board members, financial records, telephone messages, and by-laws for Virginians for Dulles and other groups seeking to mitigate airport nuissances. Also included are legal briefs of suits filed by VFD against Washington National Airport and transcripts of testimony before the Aviation Subcommittee of the US House Committee on Public Works and Transportation. ","Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters contains official press releases on legislative and campaign topics. The newsletters include published reports on legislation in progress, activities of the General Assembly, and anecdotes about the legislation session. From 1966-1987 the newsletter was titled \"DuVal's Democratic Daily, and in 1988 its title was changed to \"The DuVal Dispatch.\" ","Series 7: Printed Materials contains various published journals dealing with the environment, constitutional reform in Virginia, or nuclear regulation. ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia.","This collection is housed at the WRLC Shared Collections Facility.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles","DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0007","/repositories/2/resources/6"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"collection_ssim":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern"],"creator_ssm":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"creator_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"creators_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Clive DuVal in 1989-1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environmental policy -- Virginia","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","Politics","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environmental policy -- Virginia","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","Politics","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78 Linear Feet 173 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["78 Linear Feet 173 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into six series by subject. Each series is divided into subseries by date, and each subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject/title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1973-1994 (Box 1-24)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Legislative Files, 1966-1992 (Box 25-73)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Campaign Materials, 1960-1994 (Box 74-76)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: McLean Citizens Association, 1960-1962 (Box 77)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Virginians for Dulles, 1968-1981 (Box 78-80)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters, 1966-1987 (Box 81)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Printed Materials, 1963-1989 (Box 81)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into six series by subject. Each series is divided into subseries by date, and each subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject/title.","Series Series 1: Correspondence, 1973-1994 (Box 1-24) Series 2: Legislative Files, 1966-1992 (Box 25-73) Series 3: Campaign Materials, 1960-1994 (Box 74-76) Series 4: McLean Citizens Association, 1960-1962 (Box 77) Series 5: Virginians for Dulles, 1968-1981 (Box 78-80) Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters, 1966-1987 (Box 81) Series 7: Printed Materials, 1963-1989 (Box 81)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn June 20, 1912, in New York City, Clive L. DuVal 2nd, graduated summa cum laude in 1935 from Yale University where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1938, he received an LL.B. from Yale University Law School. While a law student, he edited the Yale Law Journal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuVal spent most of lengthy career in public service. Serving from 1942-1946 as a U.S. Naval officer, he was assigned to an aircraft carrier in the Pacific during World War II. During his military service, he received a Commendation Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon with five battle stars, and a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 until 1959 when he entered private law practice, he served as Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of the Army (1951-1952), Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Defense (1953), Assistant General Counsel (international Affairs) in the Department of the Defense (1953-1955), and General Counsel for the U.S. Information Agency (1955-1959). In 1959, he was Associate General Counsel for the President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter joining the Arlington, Virginia, law firm of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley, and McCloy in 1959, DuVal successfully ran as a Democratic candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates in 1965. During three terms as a Delegate, he sponsored or helped bring passage of legislation relating to workman's compensation issues, the protection of historic landmarks, tax and election reform, and participated in the revision of the Virginia State Constitution in 1969. His leadership in conservation was recognized when he was chosen outstanding legislator by the National Wildlife Federation in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter unsuccessfully running for the U.S. House of Representatives, 10th District of Virginia, in 1968, he defeated an incumbent to gain a seat in the Virginia Senate in 1971. Senator DuVal tried twice without success to gain his party's nomination to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and 1978. He has been elected to successive four-year terms in the Virginia Senate since 1971.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure in the Virginia Senate, DuVal served on numerous committees, including Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources; Commerce and Labor; Finance; Privileges and Elections; and Rules. He has been most noted for being the sponsor of the Equal Rights Amendment in the Virginia Senate. His legislative interests reflect a concern for consumers, for the environment, and for the constituents of his Northern Virginia district. He served as Chairman of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens lobby to reduce noise levels and traffic at National Airport in Arlington.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1940 DuVal married Susan Holdredge Bontecou. They had four children, Susan, Clive, David, and Daniel. Longtime residents of McLean, Virginia, they restored and live in historic \"Salona,\" the house where President James Madison and his wife, Dolley, sought refuge during the burning of Washington in the War of 1812. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born June 20, 1912, in New York City, Clive L. DuVal 2nd, graduated summa cum laude in 1935 from Yale University where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1938, he received an LL.B. from Yale University Law School. While a law student, he edited the Yale Law Journal.","DuVal spent most of lengthy career in public service. Serving from 1942-1946 as a U.S. Naval officer, he was assigned to an aircraft carrier in the Pacific during World War II. During his military service, he received a Commendation Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon with five battle stars, and a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 until 1959 when he entered private law practice, he served as Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of the Army (1951-1952), Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Defense (1953), Assistant General Counsel (international Affairs) in the Department of the Defense (1953-1955), and General Counsel for the U.S. Information Agency (1955-1959). In 1959, he was Associate General Counsel for the President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program.","After joining the Arlington, Virginia, law firm of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley, and McCloy in 1959, DuVal successfully ran as a Democratic candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates in 1965. During three terms as a Delegate, he sponsored or helped bring passage of legislation relating to workman's compensation issues, the protection of historic landmarks, tax and election reform, and participated in the revision of the Virginia State Constitution in 1969. His leadership in conservation was recognized when he was chosen outstanding legislator by the National Wildlife Federation in 1969.","After unsuccessfully running for the U.S. House of Representatives, 10th District of Virginia, in 1968, he defeated an incumbent to gain a seat in the Virginia Senate in 1971. Senator DuVal tried twice without success to gain his party's nomination to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and 1978. He has been elected to successive four-year terms in the Virginia Senate since 1971.","During his tenure in the Virginia Senate, DuVal served on numerous committees, including Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources; Commerce and Labor; Finance; Privileges and Elections; and Rules. He has been most noted for being the sponsor of the Equal Rights Amendment in the Virginia Senate. His legislative interests reflect a concern for consumers, for the environment, and for the constituents of his Northern Virginia district. He served as Chairman of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens lobby to reduce noise levels and traffic at National Airport in Arlington.","In 1940 DuVal married Susan Holdredge Bontecou. They had four children, Susan, Clive, David, and Daniel. Longtime residents of McLean, Virginia, they restored and live in historic \"Salona,\" the house where President James Madison and his wife, Dolley, sought refuge during the burning of Washington in the War of 1812. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClive L. DuVal papers, C0007, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Clive L. DuVal papers, C0007, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. Finding aid compiled by Mark W. Flynn in 1990. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. Finding aid compiled by Mark W. Flynn in 1990. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government as well as the records of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens action group for which DuVal served as president. For additional materials on Virginians for Dulles see the finding aid for the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginians for Dulles records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0025\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government as well as the records of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens action group for which DuVal served as president. For additional materials on Virginians for Dulles see the finding aid for the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection contain information concerning the Virginia state legislative and political processes. Significant legislative issues represented in the collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains letters written between Clive DuVal and constituents, state and national politicians, staff members, friends and acquaintances. Topics of correspondence include recommendations for service academy appointments, college admissions, and jobs; responses to invitations; instructions to staff members; and constituent concerns such as the environment, spousal abuse, traffic, Great Falls improvements, and historic landmarks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Legislative Files contains research for drafts and printed copies of legislation sponsored by or supported by Clive DuVal during service in the Virginia House of Delegates and the Senate, notably the Equal Rights Amendment, the Lottery Bill, nuclear regulation, public utility regulation, tax benefits for the elderly and handicapped, pesticide controls, beverage container law, mining industry regulation, transportation and highways, and higher education in Northern Virginia (Community College and George Mason University). Subseries 2.2 consists of studies on issues that are not necessarily linked to a specific bill. Such studies were used as background for developing a legislative agenda as well as for taking part in informed debate. Included in the studies are the major working files for the revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969) as well as information on such topics as the environment and nuclear energy regulation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Campaign Materials contains notes for speeches, legislator survey responses, fund-raising files, reports of campaign contributions and expenditures, declaration of candidacy certificates, election tallies, brochures, position papers, and press releases and clipping files. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: McLean Citizens Association documents DuVal's work as president of the McLean Citizens Association (MCA). The records portray efforts to reverse a rezoning decision made by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors as requested by developer Sheldon Magazine. Magazine sought the rezoning for the purpose of constructing apartment units in an area known as Merrywood located on Route 123. Development of this tract of land was viewed by the MCA and others as a threat to the environment of the Potomac Gorge located above the Key Bridge between Virginia and the District of Columbia. The matter went before a Grand Jury in 1962 which examined the potential involvement of County officials in criminal activity regarding the rezoning application. Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, resolutions, records of public hearings, petitions in opposition to rezoning, legal research, legal documents, press releases, newsclippings, photographs, and slides. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Virginians for Dulles documents DuVal's work as president of Virginians for Dulles (VFD), a citizen action group that sought to reduce aircraft noise and emmissions by rerouting air traffic from Washington National to Dulles International Airport. The series includes meeting minutes, correspondence between VFD board members, financial records, telephone messages, and by-laws for Virginians for Dulles and other groups seeking to mitigate airport nuissances. Also included are legal briefs of suits filed by VFD against Washington National Airport and transcripts of testimony before the Aviation Subcommittee of the US House Committee on Public Works and Transportation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters contains official press releases on legislative and campaign topics. The newsletters include published reports on legislation in progress, activities of the General Assembly, and anecdotes about the legislation session. From 1966-1987 the newsletter was titled \"DuVal's Democratic Daily, and in 1988 its title was changed to \"The DuVal Dispatch.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Printed Materials contains various published journals dealing with the environment, constitutional reform in Virginia, or nuclear regulation. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection contain information concerning the Virginia state legislative and political processes. Significant legislative issues represented in the collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia. ","Series 1: Correspondence contains letters written between Clive DuVal and constituents, state and national politicians, staff members, friends and acquaintances. Topics of correspondence include recommendations for service academy appointments, college admissions, and jobs; responses to invitations; instructions to staff members; and constituent concerns such as the environment, spousal abuse, traffic, Great Falls improvements, and historic landmarks. ","Series 2: Legislative Files contains research for drafts and printed copies of legislation sponsored by or supported by Clive DuVal during service in the Virginia House of Delegates and the Senate, notably the Equal Rights Amendment, the Lottery Bill, nuclear regulation, public utility regulation, tax benefits for the elderly and handicapped, pesticide controls, beverage container law, mining industry regulation, transportation and highways, and higher education in Northern Virginia (Community College and George Mason University). Subseries 2.2 consists of studies on issues that are not necessarily linked to a specific bill. Such studies were used as background for developing a legislative agenda as well as for taking part in informed debate. Included in the studies are the major working files for the revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969) as well as information on such topics as the environment and nuclear energy regulation. ","Series 3: Campaign Materials contains notes for speeches, legislator survey responses, fund-raising files, reports of campaign contributions and expenditures, declaration of candidacy certificates, election tallies, brochures, position papers, and press releases and clipping files. ","Series 4: McLean Citizens Association documents DuVal's work as president of the McLean Citizens Association (MCA). The records portray efforts to reverse a rezoning decision made by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors as requested by developer Sheldon Magazine. Magazine sought the rezoning for the purpose of constructing apartment units in an area known as Merrywood located on Route 123. Development of this tract of land was viewed by the MCA and others as a threat to the environment of the Potomac Gorge located above the Key Bridge between Virginia and the District of Columbia. The matter went before a Grand Jury in 1962 which examined the potential involvement of County officials in criminal activity regarding the rezoning application. Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, resolutions, records of public hearings, petitions in opposition to rezoning, legal research, legal documents, press releases, newsclippings, photographs, and slides. ","Series 5: Virginians for Dulles documents DuVal's work as president of Virginians for Dulles (VFD), a citizen action group that sought to reduce aircraft noise and emmissions by rerouting air traffic from Washington National to Dulles International Airport. The series includes meeting minutes, correspondence between VFD board members, financial records, telephone messages, and by-laws for Virginians for Dulles and other groups seeking to mitigate airport nuissances. Also included are legal briefs of suits filed by VFD against Washington National Airport and transcripts of testimony before the Aviation Subcommittee of the US House Committee on Public Works and Transportation. ","Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters contains official press releases on legislative and campaign topics. The newsletters include published reports on legislation in progress, activities of the General Assembly, and anecdotes about the legislation session. From 1966-1987 the newsletter was titled \"DuVal's Democratic Daily, and in 1988 its title was changed to \"The DuVal Dispatch.\" ","Series 7: Printed Materials contains various published journals dealing with the environment, constitutional reform in Virginia, or nuclear regulation. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7d5c5542e54486c6f9d2f49e66769c87\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7f0fff35ffede3ed145d3af709902513\"\u003eThis collection is housed at the WRLC Shared Collections Facility.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["This collection is housed at the WRLC Shared Collections Facility."],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles","DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles"],"persname_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2083,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:16:54.010Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_6.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clive L. DuVal papers","title_ssm":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"title_tesim":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0007","/repositories/2/resources/6"],"text":["C0007","/repositories/2/resources/6","Clive L. DuVal papers","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern","Environmental policy -- Virginia","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","Politics","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged into six series by subject. Each series is divided into subseries by date, and each subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject/title.","Series Series 1: Correspondence, 1973-1994 (Box 1-24) Series 2: Legislative Files, 1966-1992 (Box 25-73) Series 3: Campaign Materials, 1960-1994 (Box 74-76) Series 4: McLean Citizens Association, 1960-1962 (Box 77) Series 5: Virginians for Dulles, 1968-1981 (Box 78-80) Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters, 1966-1987 (Box 81) Series 7: Printed Materials, 1963-1989 (Box 81)","Born June 20, 1912, in New York City, Clive L. DuVal 2nd, graduated summa cum laude in 1935 from Yale University where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1938, he received an LL.B. from Yale University Law School. While a law student, he edited the Yale Law Journal.","DuVal spent most of lengthy career in public service. Serving from 1942-1946 as a U.S. Naval officer, he was assigned to an aircraft carrier in the Pacific during World War II. During his military service, he received a Commendation Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon with five battle stars, and a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 until 1959 when he entered private law practice, he served as Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of the Army (1951-1952), Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Defense (1953), Assistant General Counsel (international Affairs) in the Department of the Defense (1953-1955), and General Counsel for the U.S. Information Agency (1955-1959). In 1959, he was Associate General Counsel for the President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program.","After joining the Arlington, Virginia, law firm of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley, and McCloy in 1959, DuVal successfully ran as a Democratic candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates in 1965. During three terms as a Delegate, he sponsored or helped bring passage of legislation relating to workman's compensation issues, the protection of historic landmarks, tax and election reform, and participated in the revision of the Virginia State Constitution in 1969. His leadership in conservation was recognized when he was chosen outstanding legislator by the National Wildlife Federation in 1969.","After unsuccessfully running for the U.S. House of Representatives, 10th District of Virginia, in 1968, he defeated an incumbent to gain a seat in the Virginia Senate in 1971. Senator DuVal tried twice without success to gain his party's nomination to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and 1978. He has been elected to successive four-year terms in the Virginia Senate since 1971.","During his tenure in the Virginia Senate, DuVal served on numerous committees, including Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources; Commerce and Labor; Finance; Privileges and Elections; and Rules. He has been most noted for being the sponsor of the Equal Rights Amendment in the Virginia Senate. His legislative interests reflect a concern for consumers, for the environment, and for the constituents of his Northern Virginia district. He served as Chairman of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens lobby to reduce noise levels and traffic at National Airport in Arlington.","In 1940 DuVal married Susan Holdredge Bontecou. They had four children, Susan, Clive, David, and Daniel. Longtime residents of McLean, Virginia, they restored and live in historic \"Salona,\" the house where President James Madison and his wife, Dolley, sought refuge during the burning of Washington in the War of 1812. ","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. Finding aid compiled by Mark W. Flynn in 1990. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government as well as the records of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens action group for which DuVal served as president. For additional materials on Virginians for Dulles see the finding aid for the  .","The materials in this collection contain information concerning the Virginia state legislative and political processes. Significant legislative issues represented in the collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia. ","Series 1: Correspondence contains letters written between Clive DuVal and constituents, state and national politicians, staff members, friends and acquaintances. Topics of correspondence include recommendations for service academy appointments, college admissions, and jobs; responses to invitations; instructions to staff members; and constituent concerns such as the environment, spousal abuse, traffic, Great Falls improvements, and historic landmarks. ","Series 2: Legislative Files contains research for drafts and printed copies of legislation sponsored by or supported by Clive DuVal during service in the Virginia House of Delegates and the Senate, notably the Equal Rights Amendment, the Lottery Bill, nuclear regulation, public utility regulation, tax benefits for the elderly and handicapped, pesticide controls, beverage container law, mining industry regulation, transportation and highways, and higher education in Northern Virginia (Community College and George Mason University). Subseries 2.2 consists of studies on issues that are not necessarily linked to a specific bill. Such studies were used as background for developing a legislative agenda as well as for taking part in informed debate. Included in the studies are the major working files for the revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969) as well as information on such topics as the environment and nuclear energy regulation. ","Series 3: Campaign Materials contains notes for speeches, legislator survey responses, fund-raising files, reports of campaign contributions and expenditures, declaration of candidacy certificates, election tallies, brochures, position papers, and press releases and clipping files. ","Series 4: McLean Citizens Association documents DuVal's work as president of the McLean Citizens Association (MCA). The records portray efforts to reverse a rezoning decision made by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors as requested by developer Sheldon Magazine. Magazine sought the rezoning for the purpose of constructing apartment units in an area known as Merrywood located on Route 123. Development of this tract of land was viewed by the MCA and others as a threat to the environment of the Potomac Gorge located above the Key Bridge between Virginia and the District of Columbia. The matter went before a Grand Jury in 1962 which examined the potential involvement of County officials in criminal activity regarding the rezoning application. Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, resolutions, records of public hearings, petitions in opposition to rezoning, legal research, legal documents, press releases, newsclippings, photographs, and slides. ","Series 5: Virginians for Dulles documents DuVal's work as president of Virginians for Dulles (VFD), a citizen action group that sought to reduce aircraft noise and emmissions by rerouting air traffic from Washington National to Dulles International Airport. The series includes meeting minutes, correspondence between VFD board members, financial records, telephone messages, and by-laws for Virginians for Dulles and other groups seeking to mitigate airport nuissances. Also included are legal briefs of suits filed by VFD against Washington National Airport and transcripts of testimony before the Aviation Subcommittee of the US House Committee on Public Works and Transportation. ","Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters contains official press releases on legislative and campaign topics. The newsletters include published reports on legislation in progress, activities of the General Assembly, and anecdotes about the legislation session. From 1966-1987 the newsletter was titled \"DuVal's Democratic Daily, and in 1988 its title was changed to \"The DuVal Dispatch.\" ","Series 7: Printed Materials contains various published journals dealing with the environment, constitutional reform in Virginia, or nuclear regulation. ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia.","This collection is housed at the WRLC Shared Collections Facility.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles","DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0007","/repositories/2/resources/6"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"collection_ssim":["Clive L. DuVal papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern"],"creator_ssm":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"creator_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"creators_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia, Northern"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Clive DuVal in 1989-1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environmental policy -- Virginia","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","Politics","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environmental policy -- Virginia","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","Politics","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78 Linear Feet 173 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["78 Linear Feet 173 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into six series by subject. Each series is divided into subseries by date, and each subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject/title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1973-1994 (Box 1-24)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Legislative Files, 1966-1992 (Box 25-73)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Campaign Materials, 1960-1994 (Box 74-76)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: McLean Citizens Association, 1960-1962 (Box 77)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Virginians for Dulles, 1968-1981 (Box 78-80)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters, 1966-1987 (Box 81)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Printed Materials, 1963-1989 (Box 81)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into six series by subject. Each series is divided into subseries by date, and each subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject/title.","Series Series 1: Correspondence, 1973-1994 (Box 1-24) Series 2: Legislative Files, 1966-1992 (Box 25-73) Series 3: Campaign Materials, 1960-1994 (Box 74-76) Series 4: McLean Citizens Association, 1960-1962 (Box 77) Series 5: Virginians for Dulles, 1968-1981 (Box 78-80) Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters, 1966-1987 (Box 81) Series 7: Printed Materials, 1963-1989 (Box 81)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn June 20, 1912, in New York City, Clive L. DuVal 2nd, graduated summa cum laude in 1935 from Yale University where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1938, he received an LL.B. from Yale University Law School. While a law student, he edited the Yale Law Journal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuVal spent most of lengthy career in public service. Serving from 1942-1946 as a U.S. Naval officer, he was assigned to an aircraft carrier in the Pacific during World War II. During his military service, he received a Commendation Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon with five battle stars, and a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 until 1959 when he entered private law practice, he served as Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of the Army (1951-1952), Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Defense (1953), Assistant General Counsel (international Affairs) in the Department of the Defense (1953-1955), and General Counsel for the U.S. Information Agency (1955-1959). In 1959, he was Associate General Counsel for the President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter joining the Arlington, Virginia, law firm of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley, and McCloy in 1959, DuVal successfully ran as a Democratic candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates in 1965. During three terms as a Delegate, he sponsored or helped bring passage of legislation relating to workman's compensation issues, the protection of historic landmarks, tax and election reform, and participated in the revision of the Virginia State Constitution in 1969. His leadership in conservation was recognized when he was chosen outstanding legislator by the National Wildlife Federation in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter unsuccessfully running for the U.S. House of Representatives, 10th District of Virginia, in 1968, he defeated an incumbent to gain a seat in the Virginia Senate in 1971. Senator DuVal tried twice without success to gain his party's nomination to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and 1978. He has been elected to successive four-year terms in the Virginia Senate since 1971.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure in the Virginia Senate, DuVal served on numerous committees, including Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources; Commerce and Labor; Finance; Privileges and Elections; and Rules. He has been most noted for being the sponsor of the Equal Rights Amendment in the Virginia Senate. His legislative interests reflect a concern for consumers, for the environment, and for the constituents of his Northern Virginia district. He served as Chairman of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens lobby to reduce noise levels and traffic at National Airport in Arlington.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1940 DuVal married Susan Holdredge Bontecou. They had four children, Susan, Clive, David, and Daniel. Longtime residents of McLean, Virginia, they restored and live in historic \"Salona,\" the house where President James Madison and his wife, Dolley, sought refuge during the burning of Washington in the War of 1812. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born June 20, 1912, in New York City, Clive L. DuVal 2nd, graduated summa cum laude in 1935 from Yale University where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1938, he received an LL.B. from Yale University Law School. While a law student, he edited the Yale Law Journal.","DuVal spent most of lengthy career in public service. Serving from 1942-1946 as a U.S. Naval officer, he was assigned to an aircraft carrier in the Pacific during World War II. During his military service, he received a Commendation Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Ribbon with five battle stars, and a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 until 1959 when he entered private law practice, he served as Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of the Army (1951-1952), Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Defense (1953), Assistant General Counsel (international Affairs) in the Department of the Defense (1953-1955), and General Counsel for the U.S. Information Agency (1955-1959). In 1959, he was Associate General Counsel for the President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program.","After joining the Arlington, Virginia, law firm of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley, and McCloy in 1959, DuVal successfully ran as a Democratic candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates in 1965. During three terms as a Delegate, he sponsored or helped bring passage of legislation relating to workman's compensation issues, the protection of historic landmarks, tax and election reform, and participated in the revision of the Virginia State Constitution in 1969. His leadership in conservation was recognized when he was chosen outstanding legislator by the National Wildlife Federation in 1969.","After unsuccessfully running for the U.S. House of Representatives, 10th District of Virginia, in 1968, he defeated an incumbent to gain a seat in the Virginia Senate in 1971. Senator DuVal tried twice without success to gain his party's nomination to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and 1978. He has been elected to successive four-year terms in the Virginia Senate since 1971.","During his tenure in the Virginia Senate, DuVal served on numerous committees, including Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources; Commerce and Labor; Finance; Privileges and Elections; and Rules. He has been most noted for being the sponsor of the Equal Rights Amendment in the Virginia Senate. His legislative interests reflect a concern for consumers, for the environment, and for the constituents of his Northern Virginia district. He served as Chairman of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens lobby to reduce noise levels and traffic at National Airport in Arlington.","In 1940 DuVal married Susan Holdredge Bontecou. They had four children, Susan, Clive, David, and Daniel. Longtime residents of McLean, Virginia, they restored and live in historic \"Salona,\" the house where President James Madison and his wife, Dolley, sought refuge during the burning of Washington in the War of 1812. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClive L. DuVal papers, C0007, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Clive L. DuVal papers, C0007, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. Finding aid compiled by Mark W. Flynn in 1990. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. Finding aid compiled by Mark W. Flynn in 1990. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government as well as the records of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens action group for which DuVal served as president. For additional materials on Virginians for Dulles see the finding aid for the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginians for Dulles records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0025\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics and government as well as the records of Virginians for Dulles, a citizens action group for which DuVal served as president. For additional materials on Virginians for Dulles see the finding aid for the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection contain information concerning the Virginia state legislative and political processes. Significant legislative issues represented in the collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains letters written between Clive DuVal and constituents, state and national politicians, staff members, friends and acquaintances. Topics of correspondence include recommendations for service academy appointments, college admissions, and jobs; responses to invitations; instructions to staff members; and constituent concerns such as the environment, spousal abuse, traffic, Great Falls improvements, and historic landmarks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Legislative Files contains research for drafts and printed copies of legislation sponsored by or supported by Clive DuVal during service in the Virginia House of Delegates and the Senate, notably the Equal Rights Amendment, the Lottery Bill, nuclear regulation, public utility regulation, tax benefits for the elderly and handicapped, pesticide controls, beverage container law, mining industry regulation, transportation and highways, and higher education in Northern Virginia (Community College and George Mason University). Subseries 2.2 consists of studies on issues that are not necessarily linked to a specific bill. Such studies were used as background for developing a legislative agenda as well as for taking part in informed debate. Included in the studies are the major working files for the revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969) as well as information on such topics as the environment and nuclear energy regulation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Campaign Materials contains notes for speeches, legislator survey responses, fund-raising files, reports of campaign contributions and expenditures, declaration of candidacy certificates, election tallies, brochures, position papers, and press releases and clipping files. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: McLean Citizens Association documents DuVal's work as president of the McLean Citizens Association (MCA). The records portray efforts to reverse a rezoning decision made by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors as requested by developer Sheldon Magazine. Magazine sought the rezoning for the purpose of constructing apartment units in an area known as Merrywood located on Route 123. Development of this tract of land was viewed by the MCA and others as a threat to the environment of the Potomac Gorge located above the Key Bridge between Virginia and the District of Columbia. The matter went before a Grand Jury in 1962 which examined the potential involvement of County officials in criminal activity regarding the rezoning application. Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, resolutions, records of public hearings, petitions in opposition to rezoning, legal research, legal documents, press releases, newsclippings, photographs, and slides. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Virginians for Dulles documents DuVal's work as president of Virginians for Dulles (VFD), a citizen action group that sought to reduce aircraft noise and emmissions by rerouting air traffic from Washington National to Dulles International Airport. The series includes meeting minutes, correspondence between VFD board members, financial records, telephone messages, and by-laws for Virginians for Dulles and other groups seeking to mitigate airport nuissances. Also included are legal briefs of suits filed by VFD against Washington National Airport and transcripts of testimony before the Aviation Subcommittee of the US House Committee on Public Works and Transportation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters contains official press releases on legislative and campaign topics. The newsletters include published reports on legislation in progress, activities of the General Assembly, and anecdotes about the legislation session. From 1966-1987 the newsletter was titled \"DuVal's Democratic Daily, and in 1988 its title was changed to \"The DuVal Dispatch.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Printed Materials contains various published journals dealing with the environment, constitutional reform in Virginia, or nuclear regulation. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection contain information concerning the Virginia state legislative and political processes. Significant legislative issues represented in the collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia. ","Series 1: Correspondence contains letters written between Clive DuVal and constituents, state and national politicians, staff members, friends and acquaintances. Topics of correspondence include recommendations for service academy appointments, college admissions, and jobs; responses to invitations; instructions to staff members; and constituent concerns such as the environment, spousal abuse, traffic, Great Falls improvements, and historic landmarks. ","Series 2: Legislative Files contains research for drafts and printed copies of legislation sponsored by or supported by Clive DuVal during service in the Virginia House of Delegates and the Senate, notably the Equal Rights Amendment, the Lottery Bill, nuclear regulation, public utility regulation, tax benefits for the elderly and handicapped, pesticide controls, beverage container law, mining industry regulation, transportation and highways, and higher education in Northern Virginia (Community College and George Mason University). Subseries 2.2 consists of studies on issues that are not necessarily linked to a specific bill. Such studies were used as background for developing a legislative agenda as well as for taking part in informed debate. Included in the studies are the major working files for the revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969) as well as information on such topics as the environment and nuclear energy regulation. ","Series 3: Campaign Materials contains notes for speeches, legislator survey responses, fund-raising files, reports of campaign contributions and expenditures, declaration of candidacy certificates, election tallies, brochures, position papers, and press releases and clipping files. ","Series 4: McLean Citizens Association documents DuVal's work as president of the McLean Citizens Association (MCA). The records portray efforts to reverse a rezoning decision made by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors as requested by developer Sheldon Magazine. Magazine sought the rezoning for the purpose of constructing apartment units in an area known as Merrywood located on Route 123. Development of this tract of land was viewed by the MCA and others as a threat to the environment of the Potomac Gorge located above the Key Bridge between Virginia and the District of Columbia. The matter went before a Grand Jury in 1962 which examined the potential involvement of County officials in criminal activity regarding the rezoning application. Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, resolutions, records of public hearings, petitions in opposition to rezoning, legal research, legal documents, press releases, newsclippings, photographs, and slides. ","Series 5: Virginians for Dulles documents DuVal's work as president of Virginians for Dulles (VFD), a citizen action group that sought to reduce aircraft noise and emmissions by rerouting air traffic from Washington National to Dulles International Airport. The series includes meeting minutes, correspondence between VFD board members, financial records, telephone messages, and by-laws for Virginians for Dulles and other groups seeking to mitigate airport nuissances. Also included are legal briefs of suits filed by VFD against Washington National Airport and transcripts of testimony before the Aviation Subcommittee of the US House Committee on Public Works and Transportation. ","Series 6: Press Releases and Constituent Newsletters contains official press releases on legislative and campaign topics. The newsletters include published reports on legislation in progress, activities of the General Assembly, and anecdotes about the legislation session. From 1966-1987 the newsletter was titled \"DuVal's Democratic Daily, and in 1988 its title was changed to \"The DuVal Dispatch.\" ","Series 7: Printed Materials contains various published journals dealing with the environment, constitutional reform in Virginia, or nuclear regulation. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7d5c5542e54486c6f9d2f49e66769c87\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The papers in this collection document Clive DuVal's career as a Democratic delegate and senator in the Virginia General Assembly. The materials contained within - including correspondence, campaign pamphlets, legislative files, press releases and constituents newsletters - provide a glimpse of Virginia state politics and legislative issues during his first two decades of tenure starting in 1966, with the bulk of materials dating from 1974-1990. Legislative issues represented in this collection include the Equal Rights Amendment; the lottery; regulation of public utilities, mining operation, and nuclear power; conflict of interest rulings; environmental conservation; transportation; and higher education in Northern Virginia, especially pertaining to George Mason University and Northern Virginia Community College. Among the most notable files are those relating to the Revision of the Virginia State Constitution (1968-1969). The correspondence and campaign materials reflect platform issues and alliances within the Democratic party, while the series on the McClean Citizens Association and the Virginians for Dulles contain records on important citizens action groups in Northern Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7f0fff35ffede3ed145d3af709902513\"\u003eThis collection is housed at the WRLC Shared Collections Facility.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["This collection is housed at the WRLC Shared Collections Facility."],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles","DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. Commission on Constitutional Revision","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginians for Dulles"],"persname_ssim":["DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2083,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:16:54.010Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_6"}},{"id":"vifgm_cspan","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"C-SPAN records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_cspan#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"C-SPAN Corporation","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_cspan#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_cspan#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_cspan","ead_ssi":"vifgm_cspan","_root_":"vifgm_cspan","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_cspan","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/cspan.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://scrc.gmu.edu/cspan.html","title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978-2012","1809-2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1978-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0270"],"text":["C0270","C-SPAN records","Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism--United States.","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns--United States.","Politics","Presidents--Elections","Presidents--United States.","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs--United States.","Television viewers","Television viewers--United States","Television--United States.","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Correspondence.","Memorabilia.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Slides.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings.","There are no access restrictions.","Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)","","","C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.","Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Brent was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Brent in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in 2017.","George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \"Booknotes\" television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  \n\t\t\t . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the\n\t\t\t .","The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de","English\n            \t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0270"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_ssim":["C-SPAN records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","C-SPAN Corporation"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the C-SPAN Corporation in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism--United States.","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns--United States.","Politics","Presidents--Elections","Presidents--United States.","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs--United States.","Television viewers","Television viewers--United States","Television--United States.","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Correspondence.","Memorabilia.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Slides.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism--United States.","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns--United States.","Politics","Presidents--Elections","Presidents--United States.","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs--United States.","Television viewers","Television viewers--United States","Television--United States.","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Correspondence.","Memorabilia.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Slides.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["200.0 linear feet (471 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["200.0 linear feet (471 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"C-SPAN.org\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.c-span.org/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Purdue.edu\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.cla.purdue.edu/communication/about/lamb.html%20\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["",""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThrough financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Brent was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Brent in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Brent was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Brent in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \"Booknotes\" television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  \n\t\t\t\u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Booknotes collection website\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://booknotes.gmu.edu\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the\n\t\t\t\u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Purdue website\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.prf.org/researchpark/companies/c-companies/C-SPAN%20Archives.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \"Booknotes\" television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  \n\t\t\t . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the\n\t\t\t ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","C-SPAN Corporation"],"persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de"],"language_ssim":["English\n            \t"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:50:06.728Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_cspan","ead_ssi":"vifgm_cspan","_root_":"vifgm_cspan","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_cspan","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/cspan.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://scrc.gmu.edu/cspan.html","title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978-2012","1809-2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1978-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0270"],"text":["C0270","C-SPAN records","Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism--United States.","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns--United States.","Politics","Presidents--Elections","Presidents--United States.","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs--United States.","Television viewers","Television viewers--United States","Television--United States.","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Correspondence.","Memorabilia.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Slides.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings.","There are no access restrictions.","Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)","","","C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.","Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Brent was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Brent in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in 2017.","George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \"Booknotes\" television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  \n\t\t\t . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the\n\t\t\t .","The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de","English\n            \t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0270"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_ssim":["C-SPAN records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","C-SPAN Corporation"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the C-SPAN Corporation in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism--United States.","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns--United States.","Politics","Presidents--Elections","Presidents--United States.","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs--United States.","Television viewers","Television viewers--United States","Television--United States.","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Correspondence.","Memorabilia.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Slides.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism--United States.","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns--United States.","Politics","Presidents--Elections","Presidents--United States.","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs--United States.","Television viewers","Television viewers--United States","Television--United States.","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Correspondence.","Memorabilia.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Slides.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["200.0 linear feet (471 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["200.0 linear feet (471 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"C-SPAN.org\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.c-span.org/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Purdue.edu\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.cla.purdue.edu/communication/about/lamb.html%20\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["",""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"","With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.","C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThrough financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Brent was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Brent in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Brent was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Brent in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \"Booknotes\" television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  \n\t\t\t\u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Booknotes collection website\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://booknotes.gmu.edu\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the\n\t\t\t\u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Purdue website\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.prf.org/researchpark/companies/c-companies/C-SPAN%20Archives.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \"Booknotes\" television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  \n\t\t\t . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the\n\t\t\t ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.","Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.","Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.","Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.","Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"","Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.","Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.","Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.","Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.","Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.","Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.","Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.","Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C-SPAN records must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","C-SPAN Corporation"],"persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de"],"language_ssim":["English\n            \t"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:50:06.728Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_cspan"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"C-SPAN records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"C-SPAN Corporation","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_520.xml","title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978-2012","1809-2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1978-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"text":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520","C-SPAN records","United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)","Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the  , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed ","Series Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)","","","C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\""," With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms."," C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.","George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the  Booknotes  television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the  .","The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series."," Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news."," Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour."," Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included."," Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\""," Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb."," Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials."," Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming."," Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents."," Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time."," Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others."," Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more."," Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.","There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.","The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_ssim":["C-SPAN records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","C-SPAN Corporation"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the C-SPAN Corporation in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"C-SPAN Portal\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Home/page/Home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/CSPANRecords/page/c-span-records\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the  , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.c-span.org/\" title=\"C-SPAN.org\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.cla.purdue.edu/communication/about/lamb.html%20\" title=\"Purdue.edu\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["",""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\""," With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms."," C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThrough financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \u003citalic\u003eBooknotes\u003c/italic\u003e television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Booknotes/page/Booknotes\" title=\"Booknotes collection website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://www.prf.org/researchpark/companies/c-companies/C-SPAN%20Archives.html\" title=\"Purdue website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the  Booknotes  television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series."," Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news."," Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour."," Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included."," Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\""," Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb."," Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials."," Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming."," Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents."," Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time."," Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others."," Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more."," Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6e98eea71e7aaf27fbc13ed54ff06f7a\"\u003eMap Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:21:05.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_520.xml","title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978-2012","1809-2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1978-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"text":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520","C-SPAN records","United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)","Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the  , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed ","Series Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)","","","C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\""," With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms."," C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.","George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the  Booknotes  television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the  .","The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series."," Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news."," Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour."," Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included."," Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\""," Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb."," Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials."," Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming."," Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents."," Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time."," Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others."," Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more."," Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.","There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.","The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.","Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0270","/repositories/2/resources/520"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_title_tesim":["C-SPAN records"],"collection_ssim":["C-SPAN records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["C-SPAN Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","C-SPAN Corporation"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Washington (D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the C-SPAN Corporation in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertisements","Broadcast journalism","Broadcasting","C-SPAN (Television network)","Cable television","Direct broadcast satellite television","Education, Elementary","Educators","Journalism -- United States","Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Ill., 1858","Political campaigns -- United States","Politics","Presidents -- Election","Presidents -- United States","Press","Public affairs television programs","Television","Television and children","Television programs -- United States","Television viewers","Television viewers -- United States","Television -- United States","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["200.0 linear feet 471 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Memorabilia","Negatives","Newspapers","Photographs","Sound recordings","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"C-SPAN Portal\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Home/page/Home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/CSPANRecords/page/c-span-records\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Kelsey Kim was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in October 2018, with the charge to digitize a portion of the C-SPAN records and build a website using Omeka S to showcase the digitized material. Kim began with a collection assessment of each series' research value and potential complexities. She presented a full digitization plan to C-SPAN executives in early 2019 and undertook the digitization of three main series: photographs, viewer mail, and press releases. Guidelines and documentation were then created for gathering the needed metadata, preparing the materials for imaging, performing the digitization, and post-processing the material. The digitization of the material was completed in late 2020. In 2021, Kim completed processing the digital files and uploaded them Omeka S platform in 2021. She then constructed a website for the C-SPAN Records which had been digitized and added contextual information about the project and the organization. This site was completed in 2022.  This website became part of the  , a broader site which groups material from a variety of other C-SPAN projects, and can be accessed "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series Series 1: Press Clippings, 1978-2012 (Boxes 1-51) Series 2: Routers, 1984-1996 (Boxes 51-60) Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings, 1993-1994 (Boxes 60-61) Series 4: Press Releases, 1985-2002 (Boxes 61-75) Series 5: Green Room Faxes, 1994 (Boxes 75-91) Series 6: Viewer Mail, 1994-2004 (Boxes 91-145) Series 7: Education and Marketing, 1989-2009 (Boxes 145-229) Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence, 1976-2009 (Boxes 229-402) Series 9: Photographs, 1978-2008 (Boxes 403-444) Series 10: Audiovisual, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 445-452) Series 11: Memorabilia, 1980s-2012 (Boxes 453-456) Series 12: Miscellaneous, 1809-2012 (Boxes 457-470, Map Cases 5.2 - 5.5)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.c-span.org/\" title=\"C-SPAN.org\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"https://www.cla.purdue.edu/communication/about/lamb.html%20\" title=\"Purdue.edu\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["",""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["C-SPAN (Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network), created by the American Cable Television Industry, was founded in 1979 by Brian Lamb with the aim of televising sessions of the U.S. Congress, and offering broader access and coverage of public affairs events. C-SPAN's exact mission statements are as follows: \"To provide C-SPAN's audience access to the live gavel-to-gavel proceedings of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and to other forums where public policy is discussed, debated and decided-all without editing, commentary or analysis and with a balanced presentation of points of view; To provide elected and appointed officials and others who would influence public policy a direct conduit to the audience without filtering or otherwise distorting their points of view; To provide the audience, through the call-in program, direct access to elected officials, other decision makers and journalists on a frequent and open basis; To employ production values that accurately convey the business of government rather than distract from it; and To conduct all other aspects of its operations consistent with these principles.\""," With an original concentration on congressional sessions, C-SPAN quickly expanded into a 24-hour network by 1982, and added call-in programs and other, non-congressional public affairs/events to its schedule. In 1986, the network expanded even more, developing the C-SPAN2 channel, which covered gavel-to-gavel Senate debates. By 2001, C-SPAN3 had launched in order to maintain full coverage of congressional sessions, as well as other original C-SPAN programming such as American History TV, The Communicators, Newsmakers, and Washington Journal. In addition to covering the U.S. Congress, C-SPAN has also covered the Executive branch of the U.S. government, including daily briefings from the White House, as well as events such as the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, and Presidential debates. One of C-SPAN's most successful endeavors was the creation of the C-SPAN Bus in 1993, which serves as a mobile production studio and learning center that visits hundreds of communities per year. The Bus, which is still being utilized, aims to engage with students, teachers, viewers, and elected officials and teach them about C-SPAN's operations. The Bus has enabled many successful educational endeavors for the network, including the Alexis de Tocqueville tour, which began in May 1997. The same year, C-SPAN expanded further with the addition of C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington DC Metro area and nationally on satellite radio. Despite repeated efforts to do so over the past two decades, C-SPAN does not cover the U.S. Supreme Court in live TV or radio broadcast formats. C-SPAN and its sister channels enjoy strong ratings. Around the late 1980s through the early 1990s, die-hard C-SPAN watchers became known as \"C-SPAN Junkies\" for their dedicated viewing of and interaction with the C-SPAN network. C-SPAN maintains a consistent and large viewer base. In 2017 alone, over 70 million viewers from a wide range of backgrounds and political persuasions have accessed C-SPAN across their various platforms."," C-SPAN's founder, Brian Lamb, was an integral part of the development of the network. Lamb was a White House telecommunications policy staffer and Washington bureau chief for Cablevision magazine prior to creating C-SPAN, and brought valuable experience and insight to the job. Lamb is renowned for his many interviews and interviewing style, which was evident from the early days of the C-SPAN daily call in. Lamb's interviewing style was highlighted on his show \"Booknotes\" (1989-2004) where he interviewed 801 authors of mostly non-fiction books, making the show the longest-running author interview program in broadcast history. The success of \"Booknotes\" led to the creation of \"Book TV\" in 1998, a 48-hour weekend programming block dedicated to covering nonfiction books. After thirty-three years of service to the network, Lamb retired as CEO of C-SPAN in 2012, but remains its executive chairman. Lamb was succeeded by Susan Swain and Rob Kennedy as co-CEOs. Lamb's longtime secretary Lea Anne Long also contributed to C-SPAN's functions, planning events and his complicated and numerous travel itineraries. Lamb currently hosts the show \"Q and A\" on C-SPAN, which \"highlights today's most compelling thinkers in politics, media, education, and science,\" and has been running since 2004. Lamb's strong and singular legacy on C-SPAN continues to this day. Lamb was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2002 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007 for his extensive work in broadcasting over the years."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam or U-matic tapes, as well as other obsolete audiovisual formats contained in Series 10. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C-SPAN records, C0270, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThrough financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Jordan Patty, Former Manuscripts and Archives Librarian at George Mason University's Special Collections Research Center, began working at the C-SPAN offices in November 2013 to begin processing the C-SPAN records. Mr. Patty established processing and storage space, and moved boxes and files to accommodate metal shelving and tables for the work to be done. The early part of 2014 was spent shifting, reboxing, and clearing space for the shelves that were installed specifically for the project. The shelving installation was completed in early April 2014, which allowed for the first shipment of boxes from C-SPAN's offsite storage facility. Based on this first shipment of offsite boxes, a project strategy was developed. Mr. Patty completed processing of the Press Clippings series in December 2014 and the Press Releases in February 2015, when he began working onsite at C-SPAN two days each week. He finished processing the Viewer Mail and Education and Marketing series in 2015, and he continued with the Executive Files in Correspondence series in 2016.","Through financial support from C-SPAN, former C-SPAN employee Maura Pierce was hired by the University Libraries as Processing Assistant for the collection. Ms. Pierce began working on the project in January 2014, assisting with initial reorganization in preparation for shelving installation and processing of the press clippings and photograph collection. Based on Ms. Pierce's analysis, the total number of boxes from the photograph collection that were transferred to Mason was approximately half of the original estimate. She completed processing photograph albums pertaining to the Booknotes program in May 2015. Ms. Pierce also completed an inventory for additional photograph albums.","Amanda Menjivar was hired as the C-SPAN Project Archivist in March 2017. She re-assessed the already processed part of the collection (over 110 linear feet), processed the outstanding part (over 90 linear feet), and brought the two pieces into one whole collection. Ms. Brent spent the initial time in the process gaining intellectual control over the collection, including re-inventorying, and inventorying materials that had already been arranged. She then began inventorying the unarranged materials, such as the majority of the Executive Files and Correspondence collection. Based on this work, she organized the collection into twelve series.","Processing done by Jordan Patty and Maura Pierce completed in 2016; processing completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. EAD markup completed by Amanda Menjivar in 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the \u003citalic\u003eBooknotes\u003c/italic\u003e television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://cspancollections.gmu.edu/s/Booknotes/page/Booknotes\" title=\"Booknotes collection website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the \u003cextptr href=\"https://www.prf.org/researchpark/companies/c-companies/C-SPAN%20Archives.html\" title=\"Purdue website\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["George Mason University also houses the Booknotes collection, which contains 801 nonfiction books used on the  Booknotes  television series, hosted by Brian Lamb. Scanned images of Brian Lamb's own \"book notes\" are available online. More information is available on the  . Purdue University houses the C-SPAN Video Library. More information is available on the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The C-SPAN records largely consist of correspondence, viewer mail, photographs, photographic negatives, slides, newspapers, audiovisual materials, posters, pamphlets, memorabilia, and books created between the years 1978-2012. The collection contains 12 series."," Series 1: Press Clippings (1978-2012) includes press clippings related to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a wide variety of sources, including the Washington Post, New York Times, Newsweek, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and multiple local-level newspapers. Topics range from international politics to the public perception of C-SPAN, as well as events such as C-SPAN's 25th Anniversary, programming, and political news."," Series 2: Routers (1984-1996) includes multiple press clips from a variety of sources and newspapers that were routed to Lamb and C-SPAN staff, covering topics such as presidential campaigns, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and the C-SPAN Bus, 1994-1995 tour."," Series 3: C-SPAN Bus Clippings (1993-1994) includes multiple press clip routers on the C-SPAN Bus from a variety of sources and newspapers for both Lamb and C-SPAN staff. The Bus's itinerary is also included."," Series 4: Press Releases (1985-2002) includes press releases by and about C-SPAN's activities and endeavors, which include conferences, coverage of events, new television stations broadcasting C-SPAN, speeches, and promotions. Topics also include programming, such as \"Booknotes\" and \"Road to the White House.\""," Series 5: Green Room Faxes (1994) includes faxes from C-SPAN viewers that were sent to the C-SPAN studio green room. These range from positive and negative responses to coverage and programming, as well as questions directed at Brian Lamb."," Series 6: Viewer Mail (1994-2004) includes viewer mail responding to multiple events and topics shown on C-SPAN. Includes responses to C-SPAN programming, coverage, current events, politics, and responses directed to Brian Lamb. Formats range widely, from handwritten to typed letters and greeting cards, to notecards and postcards, and other printed materials."," Series 7: Education and Marketing (1989-2009) includes materials related to C-SPAN's various education and marketing campaigns. Topics include Viewer of the Week, American Writers, Campaign 2000 Educator's Conference, Alexis de Tocqueville, Lincoln-Douglas Series, and the C-SPAN School Bus. Other notable materials include original mixed-media portraits of famous authors and program transcripts of C-SPAN programming."," Series 8: Executive Files and Correspondence (1976-2009) includes the majority of Lamb's personal correspondence with a number of individuals and organizations. Also includes documents related to C-SPAN's operating budget, Board Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings memoranda, press clippings, \"Booknotes\" materials and manuscripts, tour speeches, C-SPAN 2000, 20th Anniversary planning materials, and Time Warner Cable v. The City of New York court documents."," Series 9: Photographs (1978-2008) includes photographs, photographic negatives, and slides of a variety of C-SPAN's functions, including coverage of the Democratic and Republican National Conventions and other public events, individuals who worked for and with C-SPAN, and Brian Lamb's activities and events he attended during that time."," Series 10: Audiovisual (1980s-2012) includes a wide variey of analog audiovisual formats and content, ranging from interviews with C-SPAN's board members, press clips, and public events, to graphic design mock ups and digital photographs. Formats include VHS tapes, U-matic tapes, floppy disks, cassette tapes, CDs, and DVDs, among others."," Series 11: Memorabilia (1980s-2012) includes memorabilia gathered from multiple C-SPAN functions and programs, such as the Tocqueville Tour, the Lincoln-Douglas Debates reenactment, the C-SPAN Bus, coverage of Presidential elections, in a variety of formats such as pens, pencils, pins, stickers, keychains, and many more."," Series 12: Miscellaneous (1809-2012) includes miscellaneous items such as award plaques gifted to C-SPAN and Brian Lamb from a number of organizations, newspapers, C-SPAN advertisements, loose scrapbook pages, exhibit panels of varying sizes, C-SPAN political cartoons, and an antique newspaper from 1809 given to Brian Lamb."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on educational and/or personal use for Series 1-4 and 7-12. Reproductions (photographs, scans, etc.) of items in Series 5: Green Room Faxes and Series 6: Viewer Mail may not be made by individual researchers. Limited reproductions can be made by SCRC staff for offsite use by researchers, but will only be made available with personally identifiable information redacted."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The C-SPAN records consist of materials created and collected by the C-SPAN Corporation and its founder Brian Lamb from the years 1809, 1978-2012. The materials created by C-SPAN originate from 1978-2012, with one antique newspaper from 1809 gifted to Lamb. The records document C-SPAN's functions as a broadcasting network, as well as its continuing engagement in the political and public affairs sphere of the United States."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6e98eea71e7aaf27fbc13ed54ff06f7a\"\u003eMap Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 19.1-19.3, 31.1"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate","Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","C-SPAN Corporation","United States. Congress","United States. Congress. House","United States. Congress. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Lamb, Brian, 1941-","Long, Lea Anne","Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:21:05.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_520"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_137.xml","title_ssm":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"title_tesim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0029","/repositories/2/resources/137"],"text":["C0029","/repositories/2/resources/137","Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)","Politics","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject.","Dorothy S. McDiarmid served as a Democrat in the Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, in 1960-1961, 1964-1969, and 1972-1989. McDiarmid studied Political Science at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. After graduating she became an eduator and a business partner in McDiarmid Realty and McDiarmid Associates. In addition to serving in the Virginia House of Delegates, McDiarmid served as a board member of the Fairfax County YWCA, the League of Women Voters, and the National Democratic Women's Club, and served as the president of the Fairfax County Federation of PTAs. Throughout her years of active public service, McDiarmid has won several awards, including the Virginia Congress PTA's Lifetime member achievement award, the Fairfax County Human Rights Commission's First Annual Award, and the Fairfax County Woman of Achievement Award (1971, 1972).","This collection is not fully processed. This collection has additional unprocessed accession 2012-107, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information.","EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009.","Inventory added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in June 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics.","This collection contains material relating to Dorothy McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0029","/repositories/2/resources/137"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"creator_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"creators_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Mary McDiarmid."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Politics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Politics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["135 Linear Feet 121 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["135 Linear Feet 121 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDorothy S. McDiarmid served as a Democrat in the Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, in 1960-1961, 1964-1969, and 1972-1989. McDiarmid studied Political Science at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. After graduating she became an eduator and a business partner in McDiarmid Realty and McDiarmid Associates. In addition to serving in the Virginia House of Delegates, McDiarmid served as a board member of the Fairfax County YWCA, the League of Women Voters, and the National Democratic Women's Club, and served as the president of the Fairfax County Federation of PTAs. Throughout her years of active public service, McDiarmid has won several awards, including the Virginia Congress PTA's Lifetime member achievement award, the Fairfax County Human Rights Commission's First Annual Award, and the Fairfax County Woman of Achievement Award (1971, 1972).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid served as a Democrat in the Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, in 1960-1961, 1964-1969, and 1972-1989. McDiarmid studied Political Science at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. After graduating she became an eduator and a business partner in McDiarmid Realty and McDiarmid Associates. In addition to serving in the Virginia House of Delegates, McDiarmid served as a board member of the Fairfax County YWCA, the League of Women Voters, and the National Democratic Women's Club, and served as the president of the Fairfax County Federation of PTAs. Throughout her years of active public service, McDiarmid has won several awards, including the Virginia Congress PTA's Lifetime member achievement award, the Fairfax County Human Rights Commission's First Annual Award, and the Fairfax County Woman of Achievement Award (1971, 1972)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDorothy McDiarmid papers, C0029, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Dorothy McDiarmid papers, C0029, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is not fully processed. This collection has additional unprocessed accession 2012-107, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInventory added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in June 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection is not fully processed. This collection has additional unprocessed accession 2012-107, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information.","EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009.","Inventory added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in June 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material relating to Dorothy McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains material relating to Dorothy McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_11fa8ba901be6919b126ba6a82ad70ca\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings."],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates"],"persname_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":2023,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:23:25.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_137.xml","title_ssm":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"title_tesim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0029","/repositories/2/resources/137"],"text":["C0029","/repositories/2/resources/137","Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers","Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)","Politics","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject.","Dorothy S. McDiarmid served as a Democrat in the Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, in 1960-1961, 1964-1969, and 1972-1989. McDiarmid studied Political Science at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. After graduating she became an eduator and a business partner in McDiarmid Realty and McDiarmid Associates. In addition to serving in the Virginia House of Delegates, McDiarmid served as a board member of the Fairfax County YWCA, the League of Women Voters, and the National Democratic Women's Club, and served as the president of the Fairfax County Federation of PTAs. Throughout her years of active public service, McDiarmid has won several awards, including the Virginia Congress PTA's Lifetime member achievement award, the Fairfax County Human Rights Commission's First Annual Award, and the Fairfax County Woman of Achievement Award (1971, 1972).","This collection is not fully processed. This collection has additional unprocessed accession 2012-107, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information.","EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009.","Inventory added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in June 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics.","This collection contains material relating to Dorothy McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0029","/repositories/2/resources/137"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"creator_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"creators_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Northern -- Politics and government","Virginia -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","Fairfax County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Mary McDiarmid."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Politics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Politics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["135 Linear Feet 121 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["135 Linear Feet 121 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDorothy S. McDiarmid served as a Democrat in the Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, in 1960-1961, 1964-1969, and 1972-1989. McDiarmid studied Political Science at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. After graduating she became an eduator and a business partner in McDiarmid Realty and McDiarmid Associates. In addition to serving in the Virginia House of Delegates, McDiarmid served as a board member of the Fairfax County YWCA, the League of Women Voters, and the National Democratic Women's Club, and served as the president of the Fairfax County Federation of PTAs. Throughout her years of active public service, McDiarmid has won several awards, including the Virginia Congress PTA's Lifetime member achievement award, the Fairfax County Human Rights Commission's First Annual Award, and the Fairfax County Woman of Achievement Award (1971, 1972).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dorothy S. McDiarmid served as a Democrat in the Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, in 1960-1961, 1964-1969, and 1972-1989. McDiarmid studied Political Science at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. After graduating she became an eduator and a business partner in McDiarmid Realty and McDiarmid Associates. In addition to serving in the Virginia House of Delegates, McDiarmid served as a board member of the Fairfax County YWCA, the League of Women Voters, and the National Democratic Women's Club, and served as the president of the Fairfax County Federation of PTAs. Throughout her years of active public service, McDiarmid has won several awards, including the Virginia Congress PTA's Lifetime member achievement award, the Fairfax County Human Rights Commission's First Annual Award, and the Fairfax County Woman of Achievement Award (1971, 1972)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDorothy McDiarmid papers, C0029, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Dorothy McDiarmid papers, C0029, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is not fully processed. This collection has additional unprocessed accession 2012-107, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInventory added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in June 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection is not fully processed. This collection has additional unprocessed accession 2012-107, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information.","EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009.","Inventory added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in June 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other collections on Northern Virginia politics."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material relating to Dorothy McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains material relating to Dorothy McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_11fa8ba901be6919b126ba6a82ad70ca\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains material relating to Dorothy S. McDiarmid's career in the Virginia House of Delegates, including correspondence, printouts, publications, notes, subject files, and newsclippings."],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates"],"persname_ssim":["McDiarmid, Dorothy S. (Dorothy Shoemaker), 1906-1994"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":2023,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:23:25.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_137"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Emilie F. Miller papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Miller, Emilie F.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_598.xml","title_ssm":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"title_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1987-1991"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1987-1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598"],"text":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598","Emilie F. Miller papers","Virginia -- Politics and government","Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees.","Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the  , the  , and the  .","The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.","\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute","Miller, Emilie F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"collection_ssim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Emilie F. Miller in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48.0 linear feet 86 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["48.0 linear feet 86 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Jean Marburg League of Women Voters collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0039\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0031\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Martha Pennino papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0146\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThe Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1acdde7c7365d4c6ebcd3bfce68ae878\"\u003e\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5"],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute","Miller, Emilie F."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1353,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:16:54.010Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_598.xml","title_ssm":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"title_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1987-1991"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1987-1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598"],"text":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598","Emilie F. Miller papers","Virginia -- Politics and government","Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees.","Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the  , the  , and the  .","The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.","\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute","Miller, Emilie F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"collection_ssim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Emilie F. Miller in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48.0 linear feet 86 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["48.0 linear feet 86 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Jean Marburg League of Women Voters collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0039\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0031\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Martha Pennino papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0146\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThe Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1acdde7c7365d4c6ebcd3bfce68ae878\"\u003e\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5"],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute","Miller, Emilie F."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1353,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:16:54.010Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frank Phillippi Watergate collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Phillippi, Frank","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_16.xml","title_ssm":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"title_tesim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1968-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0053","/repositories/2/resources/16"],"text":["C0053","/repositories/2/resources/16","Frank Phillippi Watergate collection","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","Correspondence","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject.","Perlstein, R.. \"Watergate scandal.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, June 10, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal.","Watergate was a major political scandal during the presidential administration of Richard M. Nixon. The scandal is named after the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., where it was discovered that the Democratic National Committee's headquarters had been burglarized on June 17, 1972. It was eventually uncovered that President Nixon and his administration were heavily involved in the scandal, which led to his resignation as President of the United States in August 1974, being the only president to ever do so.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in February 2019.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the  .","This collection contains materials related to the Watergate scandal, including correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Phillippi, Frank","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0053","/repositories/2/resources/16"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"collection_ssim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Phillippi, Frank"],"creator_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank"],"creators_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Frank Phillippi in June 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","Correspondence","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","Correspondence","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.5 Linear Feet (12 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["19.5 Linear Feet (12 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Video recordings"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePerlstein, R.. \"Watergate scandal.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, June 10, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Perlstein, R.. \"Watergate scandal.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, June 10, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWatergate was a major political scandal during the presidential administration of Richard M. Nixon. The scandal is named after the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., where it was discovered that the Democratic National Committee's headquarters had been burglarized on June 17, 1972. It was eventually uncovered that President Nixon and his administration were heavily involved in the scandal, which led to his resignation as President of the United States in August 1974, being the only president to ever do so.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Watergate was a major political scandal during the presidential administration of Richard M. Nixon. The scandal is named after the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., where it was discovered that the Democratic National Committee's headquarters had been burglarized on June 17, 1972. It was eventually uncovered that President Nixon and his administration were heavily involved in the scandal, which led to his resignation as President of the United States in August 1974, being the only president to ever do so."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Phillippi Watergate collection, C0053, Special Collections Research center, George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection, C0053, Special Collections Research center, George Mason University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in February 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0041\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials related to the Watergate scandal, including correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials related to the Watergate scandal, including correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a92e84b86b6697d8ed34ce26467c1c0c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Phillippi, Frank","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"persname_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:21:05.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_16.xml","title_ssm":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"title_tesim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1968-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0053","/repositories/2/resources/16"],"text":["C0053","/repositories/2/resources/16","Frank Phillippi Watergate collection","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","Correspondence","Video recordings","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject.","Perlstein, R.. \"Watergate scandal.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, June 10, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal.","Watergate was a major political scandal during the presidential administration of Richard M. Nixon. The scandal is named after the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., where it was discovered that the Democratic National Committee's headquarters had been burglarized on June 17, 1972. It was eventually uncovered that President Nixon and his administration were heavily involved in the scandal, which led to his resignation as President of the United States in August 1974, being the only president to ever do so.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in February 2019.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the  .","This collection contains materials related to the Watergate scandal, including correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Phillippi, Frank","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0053","/repositories/2/resources/16"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"collection_ssim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Phillippi, Frank"],"creator_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank"],"creators_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Frank Phillippi in June 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","Correspondence","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Watergate Affair, 1972-1974","Politics","Correspondence","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.5 Linear Feet (12 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["19.5 Linear Feet (12 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Video recordings"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePerlstein, R.. \"Watergate scandal.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, June 10, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Perlstein, R.. \"Watergate scandal.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, June 10, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWatergate was a major political scandal during the presidential administration of Richard M. Nixon. The scandal is named after the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., where it was discovered that the Democratic National Committee's headquarters had been burglarized on June 17, 1972. It was eventually uncovered that President Nixon and his administration were heavily involved in the scandal, which led to his resignation as President of the United States in August 1974, being the only president to ever do so.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Watergate was a major political scandal during the presidential administration of Richard M. Nixon. The scandal is named after the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., where it was discovered that the Democratic National Committee's headquarters had been burglarized on June 17, 1972. It was eventually uncovered that President Nixon and his administration were heavily involved in the scandal, which led to his resignation as President of the United States in August 1974, being the only president to ever do so."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Phillippi Watergate collection, C0053, Special Collections Research center, George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frank Phillippi Watergate collection, C0053, Special Collections Research center, George Mason University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in February 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0041\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials related to the Watergate scandal, including correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials related to the Watergate scandal, including correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a92e84b86b6697d8ed34ce26467c1c0c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains archives related to Watergate. Includes manuscripts, correspondence, film, printouts, publications, subject files, and videotapes."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Phillippi, Frank","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"persname_ssim":["Phillippi, Frank","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:21:05.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_16"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"War\" printed broadside by the Socialist Labor Party of America","value":"\"War\" printed broadside by the Socialist Labor Party of America","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22War%22+printed+broadside+by+the+Socialist+Labor+Party+of+America\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Agnes Wolf papers","value":"Agnes Wolf papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Agnes+Wolf+papers\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Political Items Collectors collection","value":"American Political Items Collectors collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=American+Political+Items+Collectors+collection\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","value":"Arden B. Schell Watergate collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Arden+B.+Schell+Watergate+collection\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","value":"Benjamin \"Benny\" Zhang papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Benjamin+%22Benny%22+Zhang+papers\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C-SPAN records","value":"C-SPAN records","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=C-SPAN+records\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Clive L. DuVal papers","value":"Clive L. DuVal papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Clive+L.+DuVal+papers\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers","value":"Dorothy S. McDiarmid papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dorothy+S.+McDiarmid+papers\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Emilie F. Miller papers","value":"Emilie F. Miller papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Emilie+F.+Miller+papers\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Frank Phillippi Watergate collection","value":"Frank Phillippi Watergate collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Frank+Phillippi+Watergate+collection\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hugh Heclo government policy collection","value":"Hugh Heclo government policy collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Hugh+Heclo+government+policy+collection\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1809","value":"1809","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1809\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1810","value":"1810","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1810\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1811","value":"1811","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1811\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1812","value":"1812","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1812\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1813","value":"1813","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1813\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1814","value":"1814","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1814\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1815","value":"1815","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1815\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1816","value":"1816","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1816\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1817","value":"1817","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1817\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1818","value":"1818","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1818\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1819","value":"1819","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1819\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","value":"American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=American+Political+Items+Collectors+%28Organization%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Broyhill, Joel T. (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","value":"Broyhill, Joel T. (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Broyhill%2C+Joel+T.+%28Joel+Thomas%29%2C+1919-2006\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C-SPAN Corporation","value":"C-SPAN Corporation","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=C-SPAN+Corporation\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Davis, Tom (Thomas Milburn), 1949-","value":"Davis, Tom (Thomas Milburn), 1949-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Davis%2C+Tom+%28Thomas+Milburn%29%2C+1949-\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","value":"DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=DuVal%2C+Clive+L.+%28Clive+Livingston+%29%2C+1912-2002\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fisher, Joseph L.","value":"Fisher, Joseph L.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Fisher%2C+Joseph+L.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Heclo, Hugh","value":"Heclo, Hugh","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Heclo%2C+Hugh\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Lamb, Brian","value":"Lamb, Brian","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Lamb%2C+Brian\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Lamb, Brian, 1941-","value":"Lamb, Brian, 1941-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Lamb%2C+Brian%2C+1941-\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area","value":"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=League+of+Women+Voters+of+the+Fairfax+Area\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Long, Lea Anne","value":"Long, Lea Anne","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Long%2C+Lea+Anne\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","value":"American Political Items Collectors (Organization)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=American+Political+Items+Collectors+%28Organization%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Broyhill, Joel T. (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","value":"Broyhill, Joel T. (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Broyhill%2C+Joel+T.+%28Joel+Thomas%29%2C+1919-2006\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bush, George, 1924-2018","value":"Bush, George, 1924-2018","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Bush%2C+George%2C+1924-2018\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C-SPAN Corporation","value":"C-SPAN Corporation","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=C-SPAN+Corporation\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","value":"Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Carter%2C+Jimmy%2C+1924-2024\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","value":"College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary--Alumni+and+alumnae\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Davis, Tom (Thomas Milburn), 1949-","value":"Davis, Tom (Thomas Milburn), 1949-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Davis%2C+Tom+%28Thomas+Milburn%29%2C+1949-\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Democratic Party (U.S.)","value":"Democratic Party (U.S.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Democratic+Party+%28U.S.%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Democratic Party (Va.)","value":"Democratic Party (Va.)","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Democratic+Party+%28Va.%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","value":"DuVal, Clive L. (Clive Livingston ), 1912-2002","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=DuVal%2C+Clive+L.+%28Clive+Livingston+%29%2C+1912-2002\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","value":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Eisenhower%2C+Dwight+D.+%28Dwight+David%29%2C+1890-1969\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Arlington County (Va.)","value":"Arlington County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Arlington+County+%28Va.%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County (Va.)","value":"Fairfax County (Va.)","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+%28Va.%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","value":"Fairfax County (Va.) -- Politics and government","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+%28Va.%29+--+Politics+and+government\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government","value":"Fairfax Region (Va.) -- Politics and government","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+Region+%28Va.%29+--+Politics+and+government\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Northern Virginia","value":"Northern Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Northern+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Politics and government","value":"United States -- Politics and government","hits":11},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Politics+and+government\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Politics and government -- 1945-1989","value":"United States -- Politics and government -- 1945-1989","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Politics+and+government+--+1945-1989\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Politics and government -- 19th century","value":"United States -- Politics and government -- 19th century","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Politics+and+government+--+19th+century\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","value":"United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Politics+and+government+--+20th+century\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia -- Politics and government","value":"Virginia -- Politics and government","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+--+Politics+and+government\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia, Northern","value":"Virginia, Northern","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%2C+Northern\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Advertisements","value":"Advertisements","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Advertisements\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bills, Legislative -- United States","value":"Bills, Legislative -- United States","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Bills%2C+Legislative+--+United+States\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Broadcast journalism","value":"Broadcast journalism","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Broadcast+journalism\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Broadcasting","value":"Broadcasting","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Broadcasting\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Broadsides","value":"Broadsides","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Broadsides\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C-SPAN (Television network)","value":"C-SPAN (Television network)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=C-SPAN+%28Television+network%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cable television","value":"Cable television","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Cable+television\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Citizens' associations","value":"Citizens' associations","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Citizens%27+associations\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","value":"Citizens' associations -- Virginia -- Fairfax Region","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Citizens%27+associations+--+Virginia+--+Fairfax+Region\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Concerts","value":"Concerts","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Concerts\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Conservation of natural resources -- Law and legislation -- United States","value":"Conservation of natural resources -- Law and legislation -- United States","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Conservation+of+natural+resources+--+Law+and+legislation+--+United+States\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=all_fields\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=keyword\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=name\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=place\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=subject\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=title\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=container\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026search_field=identifier\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=date_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=date_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Politics\u0026sort=title_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}}]}