{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photography\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University.+Libraries.+Special+Collections+Research+Center","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photography\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University.+Libraries.+Special+Collections+Research+Center\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":5,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_679","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African American women real photo postcards","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_679#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. 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The affordability of Kodak's postcard camera increased the ability for African American families and individuals to commission and share personal and family images on their own terms.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from September - October 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other portrait and general photography collections such as the Jack Rottier photograph collection.","The Thomas Balch Library holds many collections of photographs documenting Black history in Loudoun County and Northern Virginia.","A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings. Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026 Newville, Pennsylvania. 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March 1, 2021. https://www.si.umich.edu/about-umsi/news/how-black-people-19th-century-used-photography-tool-social-change. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards.\" 2017. Sports Collectors Daily. September 5, 2017. https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Real Photo Postcards.\" n.d. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.mfa.org/exhibition/real-photo-postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"These Pictures by Early African-American Photographers Did More Than Capture a Moment.\" 2019. Time. March 5, 2019. https://time.com/5539596/early-african-american-photographers/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Hill, Samantha. 2021. \"How Black People in the 19th Century Used Photography as a Tool for Social Change.\"  School of Information, University of Michigan (blog). 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Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026amp; Newville, Pennsylvania. Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see \u003ca href=\"https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/\"\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\"\u003c/a\u003e for more information).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings. Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026 Newville, Pennsylvania. Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.","Date range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see \"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\" for more information)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ad7534f1dcb1cdf3fb0f3974c02f6ef7\"\u003eA group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b71d71a2c2f7c29e2d97def2920be992\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 6"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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March 1, 2021. https://www.si.umich.edu/about-umsi/news/how-black-people-19th-century-used-photography-tool-social-change. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards.\" 2017. Sports Collectors Daily. September 5, 2017. https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Real Photo Postcards.\" n.d. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.mfa.org/exhibition/real-photo-postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"These Pictures by Early African-American Photographers Did More Than Capture a Moment.\" 2019. Time. March 5, 2019. https://time.com/5539596/early-african-american-photographers/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Hill, Samantha. 2021. \"How Black People in the 19th Century Used Photography as a Tool for Social Change.\"  School of Information, University of Michigan (blog). March 1, 2021. https://www.si.umich.edu/about-umsi/news/how-black-people-19th-century-used-photography-tool-social-change.","\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards.\" 2017. Sports Collectors Daily. September 5, 2017. https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/.","\"Real Photo Postcards.\" n.d. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.mfa.org/exhibition/real-photo-postcards.","\"These Pictures by Early African-American Photographers Did More Than Capture a Moment.\" 2019. Time. March 5, 2019. https://time.com/5539596/early-african-american-photographers/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1903, Eastman Kodak Company released a new camera to capitalize on the current global interest in postcards: the No. 3A Folding Pocket Kodak. 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The affordability of Kodak's postcard camera increased the ability for African American families and individuals to commission and share personal and family images on their own terms.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1903, Eastman Kodak Company released a new camera to capitalize on the current global interest in postcards: the No. 3A Folding Pocket Kodak. This small camera was portable and designed specifically for postcard sized film, allowing the real photographic images to be printed directly onto a blank card, making it possible, and affordable, for anyone to create their own, mailable postcards, either for personal use or as a business. 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Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see \u003ca href=\"https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/\"\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\"\u003c/a\u003e for more information).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings. Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026 Newville, Pennsylvania. Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.","Date range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see \"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\" for more information)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ad7534f1dcb1cdf3fb0f3974c02f6ef7\"\u003eA group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b71d71a2c2f7c29e2d97def2920be992\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 6"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. 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Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"John Cage.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, accessed November 12, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Cage.","\"Related Holdings.\" The Art of David Tudor, Getty Research Institute, accessed November 12, 2021. http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/guides_bibliographies/david_tudor/library_collections.html.","John Cage, Gordon Mumma, and David Tudor were frequent collaborators, and were particularly known for their time in the late 1960s - early 1970s as composer-musicians with the Merce Cunningham Dance Company in New York.","John Cage was an American avant-garde musician and composer. Born in 1912, Cage was known for his experimental music. Zen Buddhism heavily influenced his musical composition, with Cage eventually creating the theory of indeterminism in music, or music \"which chance or indeterminate elements are left for the performer to realize\" (Encyclopaedia Britannica). 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The picture features, from left to right, Mumma, Cage, and Tudor sitting and standing behind electronic music equipment as they adjust parts of the equipment with their hands. On the verso is a news clipping which gives the date and reads: \"Concert Rehearsal - Electronic Style[.] John Cage, center, famed electronic composer, prepares for a concert at the University of Colorado Music Hall. With him are Gordon Mumma, left, whose piece \"Home\" was to be performed, and David Tudor, busy with the intricate connections demanded by the maze of electronic equipment for production.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Black and white photograph of John Cage, Gordon Mumma, and David Tudor at a concert rehearsal, taken July 5, 1968. The picture features, from left to right, Mumma, Cage, and Tudor sitting and standing behind electronic music equipment as they adjust parts of the equipment with their hands. On the verso is a news clipping which gives the date and reads: \"Concert Rehearsal - Electronic Style[.] John Cage, center, famed electronic composer, prepares for a concert at the University of Colorado Music Hall. With him are Gordon Mumma, left, whose piece \"Home\" was to be performed, and David Tudor, busy with the intricate connections demanded by the maze of electronic equipment for production.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fd55806ad841789bb1199f051e606be9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlack and white photograph of John Cage, Gordon Mumma, and David Tudor at a concert rehearsal, taken July 5, 1968. The picture features, from left to right, Gordon Mumma, John Cage, and David Tudor sitting and standing behind electronic music equipment as they adjust parts of the equipment with their hands.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Black and white photograph of John Cage, Gordon Mumma, and David Tudor at a concert rehearsal, taken July 5, 1968. The picture features, from left to right, Gordon Mumma, John Cage, and David Tudor sitting and standing behind electronic music equipment as they adjust parts of the equipment with their hands."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Cage, John","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-","Tudor, David, 1926-1996"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cage, John","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-","Tudor, David, 1926-1996"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Cage, John","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-","Tudor, David, 1926-1996"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_597"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, 1933","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_570.xml","title_ssm":["Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside"],"title_tesim":["Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1933"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, 1933"],"text":["Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, 1933","C0488","/repositories/2/resources/570","Germany","Photography","Recorder (Musical instrument)","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. \"Third Reich.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich.","\"Female Hitler Youth.\" The National Holocaust Centre and Museum, accessed July 30, 2021.\nhttps://www.holocaust.org.uk/the-league-of-german-girls.","Gerber, Steven K. \"Behind the Benign - Reading and Contextualizing a Photograph of Girls Playing Recorders.\" Presented at Association Répertoire International d'Iconographie Musicale (RIdIM) Conference, 2015. Accessed July 30, 2021. http://mars.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/10033/PDFbehindthebenignSLIDES.pdf?sequence=1\u0026isAllowed=y.","\"The Nazi Party: Background \u0026 Overview.\" Background \u0026 Overview of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap.","The Nazi Party was a German far-right political party that existed from 1920-1945; it came to national power in 1933 and held that power until 1945. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis believed in a rigid racial hierarchy with the German so-called \"master race\" at the top. This belief led the Nazi state and its collaborators to commit the genocide of millions of Jews, as well as other marginalized groups it deemed \"inferior\", such as homosexual men and women, Romani people, the disabled, and people of non-German nationalities such as Slavic peoples. This genocide is known as the Holocaust, and is considered one of the greatest atrocities in human history.","The Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. According to the National Holocaust Centre and Museum website: The BDM's \"role was to indoctrinate girls into the beliefs and ideals of the Nazi regime. The BDM focused on developing girls into women who were dedicated to Nazism, dutiful housewives, and whose role within society was to become a mother. Girls were to grow up with an unquestioning understanding of the intended role of women in the Third Reich. BDM members were required to have German parents, be in good health, and conform to Nazi racial ideals.\" Music was a core focus of the BDM, in addition to domestic and agricultural activities.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other materials and rare books on the Nazi Party and World War II, including the .","Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer. The young girls in the photograph are all outfitted in the same dress. The photograph was originally owned and lent out by Culver Pictures, Inc. of New York, New York. The verso features stamps and stickers from the company, as well as a handwritten note that says \"Hitler Youth - 1933[.]\"","This photograph was likely taken circa 1933 in Germany but there is no way to officially verify this. The group in this photograph could also be associated with the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, which was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. During the early 1930s, girls as young as ten were indoctrinated into the BDM with little to no choice in the matter, and considering the time period it is likely these girls would do the same. However, there are no visual clues in this photograph to completely support this theory, such as the distinctive black and white uniform worn by all BDM girls and women.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Special Collections Research Center","Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from Schubertiade Music in March 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photography","Recorder (Musical instrument)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photography","Recorder (Musical instrument)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"date_range_isim":[1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. \"Third Reich.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Female Hitler Youth.\" The National Holocaust Centre and Museum, accessed July 30, 2021.\nhttps://www.holocaust.org.uk/the-league-of-german-girls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGerber, Steven K. \"Behind the Benign - Reading and Contextualizing a Photograph of Girls Playing Recorders.\" Presented at Association Répertoire International d'Iconographie Musicale (RIdIM) Conference, 2015. Accessed July 30, 2021. http://mars.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/10033/PDFbehindthebenignSLIDES.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Nazi Party: Background \u0026amp; Overview.\" Background \u0026amp; Overview of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. \"Third Reich.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich.","\"Female Hitler Youth.\" The National Holocaust Centre and Museum, accessed July 30, 2021.\nhttps://www.holocaust.org.uk/the-league-of-german-girls.","Gerber, Steven K. \"Behind the Benign - Reading and Contextualizing a Photograph of Girls Playing Recorders.\" Presented at Association Répertoire International d'Iconographie Musicale (RIdIM) Conference, 2015. Accessed July 30, 2021. http://mars.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/10033/PDFbehindthebenignSLIDES.pdf?sequence=1\u0026isAllowed=y.","\"The Nazi Party: Background \u0026 Overview.\" Background \u0026 Overview of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Nazi Party was a German far-right political party that existed from 1920-1945; it came to national power in 1933 and held that power until 1945. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis believed in a rigid racial hierarchy with the German so-called \"master race\" at the top. This belief led the Nazi state and its collaborators to commit the genocide of millions of Jews, as well as other marginalized groups it deemed \"inferior\", such as homosexual men and women, Romani people, the disabled, and people of non-German nationalities such as Slavic peoples. This genocide is known as the Holocaust, and is considered one of the greatest atrocities in human history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. According to the National Holocaust Centre and Museum website: The BDM's \"role was to indoctrinate girls into the beliefs and ideals of the Nazi regime. The BDM focused on developing girls into women who were dedicated to Nazism, dutiful housewives, and whose role within society was to become a mother. Girls were to grow up with an unquestioning understanding of the intended role of women in the Third Reich. BDM members were required to have German parents, be in good health, and conform to Nazi racial ideals.\" Music was a core focus of the BDM, in addition to domestic and agricultural activities.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Nazi Party was a German far-right political party that existed from 1920-1945; it came to national power in 1933 and held that power until 1945. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis believed in a rigid racial hierarchy with the German so-called \"master race\" at the top. This belief led the Nazi state and its collaborators to commit the genocide of millions of Jews, as well as other marginalized groups it deemed \"inferior\", such as homosexual men and women, Romani people, the disabled, and people of non-German nationalities such as Slavic peoples. This genocide is known as the Holocaust, and is considered one of the greatest atrocities in human history.","The Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. According to the National Holocaust Centre and Museum website: The BDM's \"role was to indoctrinate girls into the beliefs and ideals of the Nazi regime. The BDM focused on developing girls into women who were dedicated to Nazism, dutiful housewives, and whose role within society was to become a mother. Girls were to grow up with an unquestioning understanding of the intended role of women in the Third Reich. BDM members were required to have German parents, be in good health, and conform to Nazi racial ideals.\" Music was a core focus of the BDM, in addition to domestic and agricultural activities."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, C0488, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, C0488, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other materials and rare books on the Nazi Party and World War II, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Caricature drawing of Nazi officers and onlookers singing around a piano by Zora Simeunovic\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0456\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other materials and rare books on the Nazi Party and World War II, including the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer. The young girls in the photograph are all outfitted in the same dress. The photograph was originally owned and lent out by Culver Pictures, Inc. of New York, New York. The verso features stamps and stickers from the company, as well as a handwritten note that says \"Hitler Youth - 1933[.]\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis photograph was likely taken circa 1933 in Germany but there is no way to officially verify this. The group in this photograph could also be associated with the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, which was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. During the early 1930s, girls as young as ten were indoctrinated into the BDM with little to no choice in the matter, and considering the time period it is likely these girls would do the same. However, there are no visual clues in this photograph to completely support this theory, such as the distinctive black and white uniform worn by all BDM girls and women.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer. The young girls in the photograph are all outfitted in the same dress. The photograph was originally owned and lent out by Culver Pictures, Inc. of New York, New York. The verso features stamps and stickers from the company, as well as a handwritten note that says \"Hitler Youth - 1933[.]\"","This photograph was likely taken circa 1933 in Germany but there is no way to officially verify this. The group in this photograph could also be associated with the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, which was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. During the early 1930s, girls as young as ten were indoctrinated into the BDM with little to no choice in the matter, and considering the time period it is likely these girls would do the same. However, there are no visual clues in this photograph to completely support this theory, such as the distinctive black and white uniform worn by all BDM girls and women."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0e44050e11585a9d19a93aec84de50a8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlack and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5edb5ffdd482f8a6f15bd0999b29e9d1\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich.","\"Female Hitler Youth.\" The National Holocaust Centre and Museum, accessed July 30, 2021.\nhttps://www.holocaust.org.uk/the-league-of-german-girls.","Gerber, Steven K. \"Behind the Benign - Reading and Contextualizing a Photograph of Girls Playing Recorders.\" Presented at Association Répertoire International d'Iconographie Musicale (RIdIM) Conference, 2015. Accessed July 30, 2021. http://mars.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/10033/PDFbehindthebenignSLIDES.pdf?sequence=1\u0026isAllowed=y.","\"The Nazi Party: Background \u0026 Overview.\" Background \u0026 Overview of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap.","The Nazi Party was a German far-right political party that existed from 1920-1945; it came to national power in 1933 and held that power until 1945. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis believed in a rigid racial hierarchy with the German so-called \"master race\" at the top. This belief led the Nazi state and its collaborators to commit the genocide of millions of Jews, as well as other marginalized groups it deemed \"inferior\", such as homosexual men and women, Romani people, the disabled, and people of non-German nationalities such as Slavic peoples. This genocide is known as the Holocaust, and is considered one of the greatest atrocities in human history.","The Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. According to the National Holocaust Centre and Museum website: The BDM's \"role was to indoctrinate girls into the beliefs and ideals of the Nazi regime. The BDM focused on developing girls into women who were dedicated to Nazism, dutiful housewives, and whose role within society was to become a mother. Girls were to grow up with an unquestioning understanding of the intended role of women in the Third Reich. BDM members were required to have German parents, be in good health, and conform to Nazi racial ideals.\" Music was a core focus of the BDM, in addition to domestic and agricultural activities.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other materials and rare books on the Nazi Party and World War II, including the .","Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer. The young girls in the photograph are all outfitted in the same dress. The photograph was originally owned and lent out by Culver Pictures, Inc. of New York, New York. The verso features stamps and stickers from the company, as well as a handwritten note that says \"Hitler Youth - 1933[.]\"","This photograph was likely taken circa 1933 in Germany but there is no way to officially verify this. The group in this photograph could also be associated with the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, which was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. During the early 1930s, girls as young as ten were indoctrinated into the BDM with little to no choice in the matter, and considering the time period it is likely these girls would do the same. However, there are no visual clues in this photograph to completely support this theory, such as the distinctive black and white uniform worn by all BDM girls and women.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Special Collections Research Center","Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from Schubertiade Music in March 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photography","Recorder (Musical instrument)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photography","Recorder (Musical instrument)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"date_range_isim":[1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. \"Third Reich.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Female Hitler Youth.\" The National Holocaust Centre and Museum, accessed July 30, 2021.\nhttps://www.holocaust.org.uk/the-league-of-german-girls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGerber, Steven K. \"Behind the Benign - Reading and Contextualizing a Photograph of Girls Playing Recorders.\" Presented at Association Répertoire International d'Iconographie Musicale (RIdIM) Conference, 2015. Accessed July 30, 2021. http://mars.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/10033/PDFbehindthebenignSLIDES.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Nazi Party: Background \u0026amp; Overview.\" Background \u0026amp; Overview of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. \"Third Reich.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich.","\"Female Hitler Youth.\" The National Holocaust Centre and Museum, accessed July 30, 2021.\nhttps://www.holocaust.org.uk/the-league-of-german-girls.","Gerber, Steven K. \"Behind the Benign - Reading and Contextualizing a Photograph of Girls Playing Recorders.\" Presented at Association Répertoire International d'Iconographie Musicale (RIdIM) Conference, 2015. Accessed July 30, 2021. http://mars.gmu.edu/bitstream/handle/1920/10033/PDFbehindthebenignSLIDES.pdf?sequence=1\u0026isAllowed=y.","\"The Nazi Party: Background \u0026 Overview.\" Background \u0026 Overview of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Nazi Party was a German far-right political party that existed from 1920-1945; it came to national power in 1933 and held that power until 1945. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis believed in a rigid racial hierarchy with the German so-called \"master race\" at the top. This belief led the Nazi state and its collaborators to commit the genocide of millions of Jews, as well as other marginalized groups it deemed \"inferior\", such as homosexual men and women, Romani people, the disabled, and people of non-German nationalities such as Slavic peoples. This genocide is known as the Holocaust, and is considered one of the greatest atrocities in human history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. According to the National Holocaust Centre and Museum website: The BDM's \"role was to indoctrinate girls into the beliefs and ideals of the Nazi regime. The BDM focused on developing girls into women who were dedicated to Nazism, dutiful housewives, and whose role within society was to become a mother. Girls were to grow up with an unquestioning understanding of the intended role of women in the Third Reich. BDM members were required to have German parents, be in good health, and conform to Nazi racial ideals.\" Music was a core focus of the BDM, in addition to domestic and agricultural activities.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Nazi Party was a German far-right political party that existed from 1920-1945; it came to national power in 1933 and held that power until 1945. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis believed in a rigid racial hierarchy with the German so-called \"master race\" at the top. This belief led the Nazi state and its collaborators to commit the genocide of millions of Jews, as well as other marginalized groups it deemed \"inferior\", such as homosexual men and women, Romani people, the disabled, and people of non-German nationalities such as Slavic peoples. This genocide is known as the Holocaust, and is considered one of the greatest atrocities in human history.","The Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. According to the National Holocaust Centre and Museum website: The BDM's \"role was to indoctrinate girls into the beliefs and ideals of the Nazi regime. The BDM focused on developing girls into women who were dedicated to Nazism, dutiful housewives, and whose role within society was to become a mother. Girls were to grow up with an unquestioning understanding of the intended role of women in the Third Reich. BDM members were required to have German parents, be in good health, and conform to Nazi racial ideals.\" Music was a core focus of the BDM, in addition to domestic and agricultural activities."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, C0488, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Photograph of young German girls playing recorders walking down hillside, C0488, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in July 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other materials and rare books on the Nazi Party and World War II, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Caricature drawing of Nazi officers and onlookers singing around a piano by Zora Simeunovic\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0456\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other materials and rare books on the Nazi Party and World War II, including the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer. The young girls in the photograph are all outfitted in the same dress. The photograph was originally owned and lent out by Culver Pictures, Inc. of New York, New York. The verso features stamps and stickers from the company, as well as a handwritten note that says \"Hitler Youth - 1933[.]\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis photograph was likely taken circa 1933 in Germany but there is no way to officially verify this. The group in this photograph could also be associated with the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, which was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. During the early 1930s, girls as young as ten were indoctrinated into the BDM with little to no choice in the matter, and considering the time period it is likely these girls would do the same. However, there are no visual clues in this photograph to completely support this theory, such as the distinctive black and white uniform worn by all BDM girls and women.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer. The young girls in the photograph are all outfitted in the same dress. The photograph was originally owned and lent out by Culver Pictures, Inc. of New York, New York. The verso features stamps and stickers from the company, as well as a handwritten note that says \"Hitler Youth - 1933[.]\"","This photograph was likely taken circa 1933 in Germany but there is no way to officially verify this. The group in this photograph could also be associated with the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), or the League of German Girls, which was the female equivalent to the Hitler Youth. During the early 1930s, girls as young as ten were indoctrinated into the BDM with little to no choice in the matter, and considering the time period it is likely these girls would do the same. However, there are no visual clues in this photograph to completely support this theory, such as the distinctive black and white uniform worn by all BDM girls and women."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0e44050e11585a9d19a93aec84de50a8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlack and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Black and white photograph of eleven German girls and a presumably woman adult playing recorders while walking down a hillside by an unknown photographer, circa 1933."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5edb5ffdd482f8a6f15bd0999b29e9d1\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bund Deutscher Mädel"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_570"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_694.xml","title_ssm":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"title_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890s-1900s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1890s-1900s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"text":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy","C0420","/repositories/2/resources/694","Washington (D.C.)","Photography","Architecture","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single box collection.","\"Digital Collections: Brady-Handy Collection.\" n.d. Library of Congress. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/.","Cole, John Y. 2022. \"Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress -- THE BUILDINGS.\" Library of Congress. February 2022. https://www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/bldgs.html.","Mason, Matthew Daniel. 2007. \"Collection: Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.\" Archives at Yale. September 2007. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769.","\"Thomas Jefferson Building.\" n.d. Architect of the Capitol. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/buildings-grounds/library-of-congress/thomas-jefferson-building.","Levin Corbin Handy was born on August 10, 1855 in Washington, D.C. to Samuel S. and Mary A. Handy. In 1867, he began work as an apprentice to photographer Mathew B. Brady at his Washington, D.C. studio and by 1871 had established his own photographic business in the city. In 1880, Handy began a business partnership with fellow photographer Samuel C. Chester and in 1882 they opened a studio in Cape May, New Jersey, along with establishing a partnership with Brady to sell images from the American Civil War. Handy would continue to maintain a successful practice in Washington, D.C., the L.C. Handy Studio, which offered both traditional photographic services, particularly for the Library of Congress and other governmental agencies, and duplication services for Library patrons and members of the United States Congress. Between 1880-1896 his studio also documented the construction of the Library of Congress' new building, known today as the Thomas Jefferson Building. Handy passed away at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 23, 1932.","The Library of Congress began in 1800 and was initially located in the west center building of the United States Capitol. Despite several attempts at enlarging and remodeling, the Library never had adequate space to store its collections properly. In 1871, Librarian of Congress Ainsworth Rand Spofford suggested the construction of a new, separate, Library of Congress building, but it wasn't until 1886 that the project was authorized. Based on the Paris Opera House, this new building was viewed at the time as an example of \"Italian Renaissance\" architecture, but today is considered an example of the \"Beaux Arts\" style, defined by its heavily ornamental and theatrical features. The new Library of Congress building opened on November 1, 1897 and was known simply as the Library of Congress or Main Building until it was named for Thomas Jefferson in 1980.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other photograph collections featuring architecture including the Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection and the Jacob Ruben Newburgh, New York photographs.","The Library of Congress' Digital Collections include the Brady-Handy Collection and the Archives at Yale hold the Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.","Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy. Locations and details depicted include the following: Building Exterior, Reading Room, North Stairway - Main Entrance Hall, Gallery Floor - Main Entrance Hall, Stair Hall Reading Room Gallery - Main Entrance (including view of \"Mosaic of Minerva\" by Elihu Vedder), and the Main Entrance Hall. Each photograph measures 8\" x 10\" and mounting board adds approximately 2-3 inches of matting.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy.","R 71, C 1, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress","Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"collection_ssim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0420","/repositories/2/resources/694"],"unitid_tesim":["C0420","/repositories/2/resources/694"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Washington (D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress"],"creators_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Charles B. Wood in November 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photography","Architecture","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photography","Architecture","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single box collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single box collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Digital Collections: Brady-Handy Collection.\" n.d. Library of Congress. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCole, John Y. 2022. \"Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress -- THE BUILDINGS.\" Library of Congress. February 2022. https://www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/bldgs.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMason, Matthew Daniel. 2007. \"Collection: Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.\" Archives at Yale. September 2007. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas Jefferson Building.\" n.d. Architect of the Capitol. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/buildings-grounds/library-of-congress/thomas-jefferson-building.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Digital Collections: Brady-Handy Collection.\" n.d. Library of Congress. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/.","Cole, John Y. 2022. \"Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress -- THE BUILDINGS.\" Library of Congress. February 2022. https://www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/bldgs.html.","Mason, Matthew Daniel. 2007. \"Collection: Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.\" Archives at Yale. September 2007. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769.","\"Thomas Jefferson Building.\" n.d. Architect of the Capitol. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/buildings-grounds/library-of-congress/thomas-jefferson-building."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLevin Corbin Handy was born on August 10, 1855 in Washington, D.C. to Samuel S. and Mary A. Handy. In 1867, he began work as an apprentice to photographer Mathew B. Brady at his Washington, D.C. studio and by 1871 had established his own photographic business in the city. In 1880, Handy began a business partnership with fellow photographer Samuel C. Chester and in 1882 they opened a studio in Cape May, New Jersey, along with establishing a partnership with Brady to sell images from the American Civil War. Handy would continue to maintain a successful practice in Washington, D.C., the L.C. Handy Studio, which offered both traditional photographic services, particularly for the Library of Congress and other governmental agencies, and duplication services for Library patrons and members of the United States Congress. Between 1880-1896 his studio also documented the construction of the Library of Congress' new building, known today as the Thomas Jefferson Building. Handy passed away at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 23, 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Congress began in 1800 and was initially located in the west center building of the United States Capitol. Despite several attempts at enlarging and remodeling, the Library never had adequate space to store its collections properly. In 1871, Librarian of Congress Ainsworth Rand Spofford suggested the construction of a new, separate, Library of Congress building, but it wasn't until 1886 that the project was authorized. Based on the Paris Opera House, this new building was viewed at the time as an example of \"Italian Renaissance\" architecture, but today is considered an example of the \"Beaux Arts\" style, defined by its heavily ornamental and theatrical features. The new Library of Congress building opened on November 1, 1897 and was known simply as the Library of Congress or Main Building until it was named for Thomas Jefferson in 1980.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Levin Corbin Handy was born on August 10, 1855 in Washington, D.C. to Samuel S. and Mary A. Handy. In 1867, he began work as an apprentice to photographer Mathew B. Brady at his Washington, D.C. studio and by 1871 had established his own photographic business in the city. In 1880, Handy began a business partnership with fellow photographer Samuel C. Chester and in 1882 they opened a studio in Cape May, New Jersey, along with establishing a partnership with Brady to sell images from the American Civil War. Handy would continue to maintain a successful practice in Washington, D.C., the L.C. Handy Studio, which offered both traditional photographic services, particularly for the Library of Congress and other governmental agencies, and duplication services for Library patrons and members of the United States Congress. Between 1880-1896 his studio also documented the construction of the Library of Congress' new building, known today as the Thomas Jefferson Building. Handy passed away at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 23, 1932.","The Library of Congress began in 1800 and was initially located in the west center building of the United States Capitol. Despite several attempts at enlarging and remodeling, the Library never had adequate space to store its collections properly. In 1871, Librarian of Congress Ainsworth Rand Spofford suggested the construction of a new, separate, Library of Congress building, but it wasn't until 1886 that the project was authorized. Based on the Paris Opera House, this new building was viewed at the time as an example of \"Italian Renaissance\" architecture, but today is considered an example of the \"Beaux Arts\" style, defined by its heavily ornamental and theatrical features. The new Library of Congress building opened on November 1, 1897 and was known simply as the Library of Congress or Main Building until it was named for Thomas Jefferson in 1980."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy, C0420, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy, C0420, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other photograph collections featuring architecture including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0511\"\u003eRandolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0308\"\u003eJacob Ruben Newburgh, New York photographs\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Congress' Digital Collections include the \u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/\"\u003eBrady-Handy Collection\u003c/a\u003e and the Archives at Yale hold the \u003ca href=\"https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769\"\u003eMathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other photograph collections featuring architecture including the Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection and the Jacob Ruben Newburgh, New York photographs.","The Library of Congress' Digital Collections include the Brady-Handy Collection and the Archives at Yale hold the Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix mounted photographs of the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy. Locations and details depicted include the following: Building Exterior, Reading Room, North Stairway - Main Entrance Hall, Gallery Floor - Main Entrance Hall, Stair Hall Reading Room Gallery - Main Entrance (including view of \"Mosaic of Minerva\" by Elihu Vedder), and the Main Entrance Hall. Each photograph measures 8\" x 10\" and mounting board adds approximately 2-3 inches of matting.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy. Locations and details depicted include the following: Building Exterior, Reading Room, North Stairway - Main Entrance Hall, Gallery Floor - Main Entrance Hall, Stair Hall Reading Room Gallery - Main Entrance (including view of \"Mosaic of Minerva\" by Elihu Vedder), and the Main Entrance Hall. Each photograph measures 8\" x 10\" and mounting board adds approximately 2-3 inches of matting."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_246e5dc3911cd4e645ffde1f606ed773\"\u003eSix mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3773369c3ef6e4d5eb003d89f28d90c7\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress"],"names_coll_ssim":["Library of Congress","Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"persname_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress","Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_694.xml","title_ssm":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"title_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890s-1900s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1890s-1900s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"text":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy","C0420","/repositories/2/resources/694","Washington (D.C.)","Photography","Architecture","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single box collection.","\"Digital Collections: Brady-Handy Collection.\" n.d. Library of Congress. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/.","Cole, John Y. 2022. \"Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress -- THE BUILDINGS.\" Library of Congress. February 2022. https://www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/bldgs.html.","Mason, Matthew Daniel. 2007. \"Collection: Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.\" Archives at Yale. September 2007. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769.","\"Thomas Jefferson Building.\" n.d. Architect of the Capitol. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/buildings-grounds/library-of-congress/thomas-jefferson-building.","Levin Corbin Handy was born on August 10, 1855 in Washington, D.C. to Samuel S. and Mary A. Handy. In 1867, he began work as an apprentice to photographer Mathew B. Brady at his Washington, D.C. studio and by 1871 had established his own photographic business in the city. In 1880, Handy began a business partnership with fellow photographer Samuel C. Chester and in 1882 they opened a studio in Cape May, New Jersey, along with establishing a partnership with Brady to sell images from the American Civil War. Handy would continue to maintain a successful practice in Washington, D.C., the L.C. Handy Studio, which offered both traditional photographic services, particularly for the Library of Congress and other governmental agencies, and duplication services for Library patrons and members of the United States Congress. Between 1880-1896 his studio also documented the construction of the Library of Congress' new building, known today as the Thomas Jefferson Building. Handy passed away at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 23, 1932.","The Library of Congress began in 1800 and was initially located in the west center building of the United States Capitol. Despite several attempts at enlarging and remodeling, the Library never had adequate space to store its collections properly. In 1871, Librarian of Congress Ainsworth Rand Spofford suggested the construction of a new, separate, Library of Congress building, but it wasn't until 1886 that the project was authorized. Based on the Paris Opera House, this new building was viewed at the time as an example of \"Italian Renaissance\" architecture, but today is considered an example of the \"Beaux Arts\" style, defined by its heavily ornamental and theatrical features. The new Library of Congress building opened on November 1, 1897 and was known simply as the Library of Congress or Main Building until it was named for Thomas Jefferson in 1980.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other photograph collections featuring architecture including the Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection and the Jacob Ruben Newburgh, New York photographs.","The Library of Congress' Digital Collections include the Brady-Handy Collection and the Archives at Yale hold the Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.","Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy. Locations and details depicted include the following: Building Exterior, Reading Room, North Stairway - Main Entrance Hall, Gallery Floor - Main Entrance Hall, Stair Hall Reading Room Gallery - Main Entrance (including view of \"Mosaic of Minerva\" by Elihu Vedder), and the Main Entrance Hall. Each photograph measures 8\" x 10\" and mounting board adds approximately 2-3 inches of matting.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy.","R 71, C 1, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress","Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"collection_ssim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0420","/repositories/2/resources/694"],"unitid_tesim":["C0420","/repositories/2/resources/694"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Washington (D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress"],"creators_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Charles B. Wood in November 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photography","Architecture","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photography","Architecture","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single box collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single box collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Digital Collections: Brady-Handy Collection.\" n.d. Library of Congress. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCole, John Y. 2022. \"Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress -- THE BUILDINGS.\" Library of Congress. February 2022. https://www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/bldgs.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMason, Matthew Daniel. 2007. \"Collection: Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.\" Archives at Yale. September 2007. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas Jefferson Building.\" n.d. Architect of the Capitol. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/buildings-grounds/library-of-congress/thomas-jefferson-building.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Digital Collections: Brady-Handy Collection.\" n.d. Library of Congress. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/.","Cole, John Y. 2022. \"Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress -- THE BUILDINGS.\" Library of Congress. February 2022. https://www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/bldgs.html.","Mason, Matthew Daniel. 2007. \"Collection: Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection.\" Archives at Yale. September 2007. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769.","\"Thomas Jefferson Building.\" n.d. Architect of the Capitol. Accessed January 23, 2024. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/buildings-grounds/library-of-congress/thomas-jefferson-building."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLevin Corbin Handy was born on August 10, 1855 in Washington, D.C. to Samuel S. and Mary A. Handy. In 1867, he began work as an apprentice to photographer Mathew B. Brady at his Washington, D.C. studio and by 1871 had established his own photographic business in the city. In 1880, Handy began a business partnership with fellow photographer Samuel C. Chester and in 1882 they opened a studio in Cape May, New Jersey, along with establishing a partnership with Brady to sell images from the American Civil War. Handy would continue to maintain a successful practice in Washington, D.C., the L.C. Handy Studio, which offered both traditional photographic services, particularly for the Library of Congress and other governmental agencies, and duplication services for Library patrons and members of the United States Congress. Between 1880-1896 his studio also documented the construction of the Library of Congress' new building, known today as the Thomas Jefferson Building. Handy passed away at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 23, 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Congress began in 1800 and was initially located in the west center building of the United States Capitol. Despite several attempts at enlarging and remodeling, the Library never had adequate space to store its collections properly. In 1871, Librarian of Congress Ainsworth Rand Spofford suggested the construction of a new, separate, Library of Congress building, but it wasn't until 1886 that the project was authorized. Based on the Paris Opera House, this new building was viewed at the time as an example of \"Italian Renaissance\" architecture, but today is considered an example of the \"Beaux Arts\" style, defined by its heavily ornamental and theatrical features. The new Library of Congress building opened on November 1, 1897 and was known simply as the Library of Congress or Main Building until it was named for Thomas Jefferson in 1980.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Levin Corbin Handy was born on August 10, 1855 in Washington, D.C. to Samuel S. and Mary A. Handy. In 1867, he began work as an apprentice to photographer Mathew B. Brady at his Washington, D.C. studio and by 1871 had established his own photographic business in the city. In 1880, Handy began a business partnership with fellow photographer Samuel C. Chester and in 1882 they opened a studio in Cape May, New Jersey, along with establishing a partnership with Brady to sell images from the American Civil War. Handy would continue to maintain a successful practice in Washington, D.C., the L.C. Handy Studio, which offered both traditional photographic services, particularly for the Library of Congress and other governmental agencies, and duplication services for Library patrons and members of the United States Congress. Between 1880-1896 his studio also documented the construction of the Library of Congress' new building, known today as the Thomas Jefferson Building. Handy passed away at his home in Washington, D.C. on March 23, 1932.","The Library of Congress began in 1800 and was initially located in the west center building of the United States Capitol. Despite several attempts at enlarging and remodeling, the Library never had adequate space to store its collections properly. In 1871, Librarian of Congress Ainsworth Rand Spofford suggested the construction of a new, separate, Library of Congress building, but it wasn't until 1886 that the project was authorized. Based on the Paris Opera House, this new building was viewed at the time as an example of \"Italian Renaissance\" architecture, but today is considered an example of the \"Beaux Arts\" style, defined by its heavily ornamental and theatrical features. The new Library of Congress building opened on November 1, 1897 and was known simply as the Library of Congress or Main Building until it was named for Thomas Jefferson in 1980."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy, C0420, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress by Levin C. Handy, C0420, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other photograph collections featuring architecture including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0511\"\u003eRandolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0308\"\u003eJacob Ruben Newburgh, New York photographs\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Congress' Digital Collections include the \u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/collections/brady-handy/about-this-collection/\"\u003eBrady-Handy Collection\u003c/a\u003e and the Archives at Yale hold the \u003ca href=\"https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/11/resources/769\"\u003eMathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other photograph collections featuring architecture including the Randolph Lytton historic Washington, D.C. postcards and photographs collection and the Jacob Ruben Newburgh, New York photographs.","The Library of Congress' Digital Collections include the Brady-Handy Collection and the Archives at Yale hold the Mathew B. Brady and Levin Corbin Handy Photographic Studios Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix mounted photographs of the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy. Locations and details depicted include the following: Building Exterior, Reading Room, North Stairway - Main Entrance Hall, Gallery Floor - Main Entrance Hall, Stair Hall Reading Room Gallery - Main Entrance (including view of \"Mosaic of Minerva\" by Elihu Vedder), and the Main Entrance Hall. Each photograph measures 8\" x 10\" and mounting board adds approximately 2-3 inches of matting.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy. Locations and details depicted include the following: Building Exterior, Reading Room, North Stairway - Main Entrance Hall, Gallery Floor - Main Entrance Hall, Stair Hall Reading Room Gallery - Main Entrance (including view of \"Mosaic of Minerva\" by Elihu Vedder), and the Main Entrance Hall. Each photograph measures 8\" x 10\" and mounting board adds approximately 2-3 inches of matting."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_246e5dc3911cd4e645ffde1f606ed773\"\u003eSix mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Six mounted photographs of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., by photographer Levin C. Handy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3773369c3ef6e4d5eb003d89f28d90c7\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress"],"names_coll_ssim":["Library of Congress","Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"persname_ssim":["Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Library of Congress","Handy, Levin C. (Levin Corbin), 1855-1932"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_694"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"World War II Hawaii photograph album, 1942/1945","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Content warning: Sexist and offensive language. Photograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. The photographs date from 1942-1945, with the majority being taken between 1942 - 1943. The photos depict training at airfields on Oahu, including Wheeler Field and Bellows Field, as well as scenes of civilian life in Honolulu and Hilo, Hawaii, and San Francisco and San Diego, California.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_606","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_606.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/wwiihawaiiphotoalbum","title_ssm":["World War II Hawaii photograph album"],"title_tesim":["World War II Hawaii photograph album"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942/1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World War II Hawaii photograph album, 1942/1945"],"text":["World War II Hawaii photograph album, 1942/1945","C0496","/repositories/2/resources/606","United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life","Photography","World War, 1939-1945","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"The Impact of World War II on Hawaii[.]\" Maalaea.com, accessed January 12, 2022. https://maalaea.com/impact-of-world-war-ii-on-hawaii/.","Johnson, Sydney. \"How the Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Hawaii, WWII and the USO[.]\" USO.org, December 6, 2021. https://www.uso.org/stories/2926-how-the-attack-on-pearl-harbor-changed-hawaii-ww2-and-the-uso","The Hawaiian Islands were irrevocably and drastically changed by the Second World War and the U.S. Military. After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941, Hawaii - particularly the island of Oahu - became the United States' bastion of the Pacific War.","After Pearl Harbor, martial law was enacted in Hawaii and would remain in place for the rest of the war. The U.S. Army Air Force - the precursor to the United States Air Force - held a large presence on Oahu and had multiple facilities on the island, such as Wheeler Army Airfield and Bellows Field. Servicemen and their families arrived from the mainland and quickly populated Oahu. This domination of military life severely altered the culture and everyday lives of Hawaiians and other island residents for decades to come.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the","The  holds multiple collections pertaining to life in Hawaii during World War II.","Content warning: Sexist and offensive language.","Photograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. The photographs date from 1942-1945, with the majority being taken between 1942 - 1943. The photos depict training at airfields on Oahu, including Wheeler Field and Bellows Field, as well as scenes of civilian life in Honolulu and Hilo, Hawaii, and San Francisco and San Diego, California.","Most of the photographs have written commentary from the creator - who is himself depicted in some pictures, as is his wife Kathleen - which is often sexist and offensive in nature. Some of the photographs do not have written commentary. There are a number of photos missing from the album.","There are three loose photos at the beginning of the album, including a copy of a letter by Lieutenant Glenn E. Swing, who according to the American Air Museum in Britain, was killed in action in Berlin in 1944.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Sexist and offensive language. Photograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. The photographs date from 1942-1945, with the majority being taken between 1942 - 1943. The photos depict training at airfields on Oahu, including Wheeler Field and Bellows Field, as well as scenes of civilian life in Honolulu and Hilo, Hawaii, and San Francisco and San Diego, California.","R72, C3, S5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["World War II Hawaii photograph album, 1942/1945"],"collection_ssim":["World War II Hawaii photograph album, 1942/1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0496","/repositories/2/resources/606"],"unitid_tesim":["C0496","/repositories/2/resources/606"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Armed Forces -- Military life"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Lynn Eaton from Caroliniana Books in April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photography","World War, 1939-1945"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photography","World War, 1939-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"The Impact of World War II on Hawaii[.]\" Maalaea.com, accessed January 12, 2022. https://maalaea.com/impact-of-world-war-ii-on-hawaii/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnson, Sydney. \"How the Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Hawaii, WWII and the USO[.]\" USO.org, December 6, 2021. https://www.uso.org/stories/2926-how-the-attack-on-pearl-harbor-changed-hawaii-ww2-and-the-uso\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"The Impact of World War II on Hawaii[.]\" Maalaea.com, accessed January 12, 2022. https://maalaea.com/impact-of-world-war-ii-on-hawaii/.","Johnson, Sydney. \"How the Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Hawaii, WWII and the USO[.]\" USO.org, December 6, 2021. https://www.uso.org/stories/2926-how-the-attack-on-pearl-harbor-changed-hawaii-ww2-and-the-uso"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hawaiian Islands were irrevocably and drastically changed by the Second World War and the U.S. Military. After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941, Hawaii - particularly the island of Oahu - became the United States' bastion of the Pacific War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter Pearl Harbor, martial law was enacted in Hawaii and would remain in place for the rest of the war. The U.S. Army Air Force - the precursor to the United States Air Force - held a large presence on Oahu and had multiple facilities on the island, such as Wheeler Army Airfield and Bellows Field. Servicemen and their families arrived from the mainland and quickly populated Oahu. This domination of military life severely altered the culture and everyday lives of Hawaiians and other island residents for decades to come.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Hawaiian Islands were irrevocably and drastically changed by the Second World War and the U.S. Military. After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941, Hawaii - particularly the island of Oahu - became the United States' bastion of the Pacific War.","After Pearl Harbor, martial law was enacted in Hawaii and would remain in place for the rest of the war. The U.S. Army Air Force - the precursor to the United States Air Force - held a large presence on Oahu and had multiple facilities on the island, such as Wheeler Army Airfield and Bellows Field. Servicemen and their families arrived from the mainland and quickly populated Oahu. This domination of military life severely altered the culture and everyday lives of Hawaiians and other island residents for decades to come."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorld War II Hawaii photograph album, C0496, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["World War II Hawaii photograph album, C0496, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Daniel Monson World War II aviation collection.\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0323\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Library\" href=\"https://manoa.hawaii.edu/library/research/collections/archives/manuscript-collections/hawaii-war-records-depository/other-wwii-archival-collections/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e holds multiple collections pertaining to life in Hawaii during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the","The  holds multiple collections pertaining to life in Hawaii during World War II."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Sexist and offensive language.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. 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There are a number of photos missing from the album.","There are three loose photos at the beginning of the album, including a copy of a letter by Lieutenant Glenn E. Swing, who according to the American Air Museum in Britain, was killed in action in Berlin in 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_456987ca878378583939eb7774b44c2e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContent warning: Sexist and offensive language. Photograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. The photographs date from 1942-1945, with the majority being taken between 1942 - 1943. The photos depict training at airfields on Oahu, including Wheeler Field and Bellows Field, as well as scenes of civilian life in Honolulu and Hilo, Hawaii, and San Francisco and San Diego, California.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Sexist and offensive language. Photograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. The photographs date from 1942-1945, with the majority being taken between 1942 - 1943. 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Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. 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EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Daniel Monson World War II aviation collection.\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0323\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Library\" href=\"https://manoa.hawaii.edu/library/research/collections/archives/manuscript-collections/hawaii-war-records-depository/other-wwii-archival-collections/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e holds multiple collections pertaining to life in Hawaii during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the","The  holds multiple collections pertaining to life in Hawaii during World War II."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Sexist and offensive language.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph album made by a U.S. serviceman, most likely in the U.S. Army Air Force, that mostly shows locations in Oahu, Hawaii. 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