{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photographs.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photographs.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photographs.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=3","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photographs.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=5"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":5,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":44,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_brinch","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Esther Brinch Cuban Revolution documents, 1960/1967","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_brinch#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Brinch, Esther","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_brinch#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains 12 documents on revolutionary Cuba from the library of Danish Communist Party activist Esther Brinch. 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Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), it was a way for theatrical professionals to gain employment during the Depression. Individuals worked with the Federal Theatre Project in a number of capacities, including stage managers, directors, actors and actresses, puppeteers, conductors, dancers, set and costume designers, composers, and authors."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Theatre Project personal papers, C0227, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Federal Theatre Project personal papers, C0227, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed in October 2012 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. EAD markup completed in January 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. 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The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks from people who worked in a multitude of capacities with the Federal Theatre in locations around the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks from people who worked in a multitude of capacities with the Federal Theatre in locations around the United States."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the The Federal Theatre Project personal papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the The Federal Theatre Project personal papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":249,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:00.424Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_ftppersonal","ead_ssi":"vifgm_ftppersonal","_root_":"vifgm_ftppersonal","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_ftppersonal","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/ftppersonal.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/ftppersonal.html","title_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project personal papers"],"title_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project personal papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1926-1993, bulk 1936-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1993, bulk 1936-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926/1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project personal papers, 1926/1991"],"text":["Federal Theatre Project personal papers, 1926/1991","C0227","New Deal, 1933-1939.","Performing arts.","Puppet theater.","Radio and theater","Theater--United States.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged alphabetically by last name.","The Federal Theatre Project was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). The Federal Theatre Project began in 1935 and, until its end in 1939, flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States. Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), it was a way for theatrical professionals to gain employment during the Depression. Individuals worked with the Federal Theatre Project in a number of capacities, including stage managers, directors, actors and actresses, puppeteers, conductors, dancers, set and costume designers, composers, and authors.","Processing completed in October 2012 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. EAD markup completed in January 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. Edited in October 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter.","The Works Progress Administration oral histories collection, the Federal Theatre Project collection, the Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, as well as other personal papers.","This collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks from people who worked in a multitude of capacities with the Federal Theatre in locations around the United States.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the The Federal Theatre Project personal papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","This collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project personal papers, 1926/1991"],"collection_ssim":["Federal Theatre Project personal papers, 1926/1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0227"],"unitid_tesim":["C0227"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creator_ssim":["Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the The Federal Theatre Project personal papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Multiple donations to the Federal Theatre Project Research Center by those named in this finding aid between 1975 and the early 1990s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["New Deal, 1933-1939.","Performing arts.","Puppet theater.","Radio and theater","Theater--United States.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks."],"access_subjects_ssm":["New Deal, 1933-1939.","Performing arts.","Puppet theater.","Radio and theater","Theater--United States.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 linear feet (29 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 linear feet (29 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by last name.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by last name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Theatre Project was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). The Federal Theatre Project began in 1935 and, until its end in 1939, flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States. Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), it was a way for theatrical professionals to gain employment during the Depression. Individuals worked with the Federal Theatre Project in a number of capacities, including stage managers, directors, actors and actresses, puppeteers, conductors, dancers, set and costume designers, composers, and authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Federal Theatre Project was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). The Federal Theatre Project began in 1935 and, until its end in 1939, flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States. Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), it was a way for theatrical professionals to gain employment during the Depression. Individuals worked with the Federal Theatre Project in a number of capacities, including stage managers, directors, actors and actresses, puppeteers, conductors, dancers, set and costume designers, composers, and authors."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Theatre Project personal papers, C0227, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Federal Theatre Project personal papers, C0227, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed in October 2012 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. EAD markup completed in January 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. Edited in October 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed in October 2012 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. EAD markup completed in January 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter. Edited in October 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Works Progress Administration oral histories collection, the Federal Theatre Project collection, the Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, as well as other personal papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Works Progress Administration oral histories collection, the Federal Theatre Project collection, the Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, as well as other personal papers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks from people who worked in a multitude of capacities with the Federal Theatre in locations around the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks from people who worked in a multitude of capacities with the Federal Theatre in locations around the United States."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the The Federal Theatre Project personal papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the The Federal Theatre Project personal papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection brings together over 90 individual donations of Federal Theatre Project material. The material in this collection consists of employment papers, correspondence, scrapbooks, newspaper and magazine clippings, photographs, playscripts, programs, fliers, and production notebooks."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":249,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:00.424Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_ftppersonal"}},{"id":"vifgm_ftpphoto","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_ftpphoto#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_ftpphoto#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_ftpphoto#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_ftpphoto","ead_ssi":"vifgm_ftpphoto","_root_":"vifgm_ftpphoto","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_ftpphoto","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/ftpphoto.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/ftpphoto.html","title_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939"],"text":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939","C0205","Actors--Photographs.","Theatre--New York--New York.","Negatives.","Photographs.","Portraits.","There are no access restrictions.","The costumes and set designs are also available as a series in the \n                . There are photographs from this collection and other FTP collections in the \n                 There are also 35 mm microfiche negatives made from original Federal Theatre Project photographs in the early 1980s.","This collection is organized into three series. Series one is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Series two is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. Series three is arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 1: Production Photographs, 1936-1939\n        Series 2: Oversize Production Photographs,1936-1939\n        Series 3: Portraits, 1936-1939\n        Series 4: Microfiche, 1936-1939\n        Series 5: Printing Materials, 1936-1939","Organized in 1935, The Federal Theatre Project flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States until its end in 1939. The FTP was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), the FTP provided employment for theatrical professionals throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Actors, playwrights, scene designers and builders, seamstresses, lighting experts, ushers, box-office men, and stagehands all found employment through the FTP.","Like many New Deal programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Federal Theatre Project was intended not only to benefit its participants, but also to enrich the condition of the nation. Theater was a distinguished part of American popular culture, but the economic downturn of the Depression had bankrupted the entire theater industry. As the theater houses closed down, the nation was left without an outlet for theatrical creativity. According to Hallie Flanagan, this hurt the nation as much as it hurt the theater industry - indeed, the nation was their audience and the theater could provide entertaining distractions from the effects of Depression as well as offer commentary on present conditions.","But it was not enough to simply return to the pre-Depression concept of theater. In the first meeting with her staff Flanagan expressed her willingness to follow Roosevelt's experimental approach to public policy: \"In a changing world, a world of experiment, the stage too must experiment - with ideas, with the psychological relationship of men and women, with color and light.... The theatre must grow up.\"","Flanagan pursued her ideal of developing the relationship between the Federal Theatre and the federal government: \"Any theatre sponsored by the government of the United States should do no plays of a cheap, trivial, outworn or vulgar nature, but only such plays as the Government can stand proudly behind in a planned theatrical program, national in scope, regional in emphasis, and American in democratic attitude.\" To Flanagan, it was imperative that this new theater should be progressive and experimental, yet within a patriotic and informative framework.","The productions that best embodied Flanagan's views on theater were the Living Newspapers. These hard-hitting, poignant plays dealt with contemporary factual material, dramatizing issues such as housing, agriculture, labor, and destitution. Always ending on an upbeat note, Living Newspapers underscored the importance of hard work and morality in overcoming difficult times. Living Newspaper titles include: Triple A Plowed Under, Injunction Granted, One Third of a Nation, and Spirochete.","The Federal Theatre was noted for employing black Americans at a time when the Federal Government did not actively protect the rights of minorities. The \"Negro Theater\" (as it was called in the 1930s) was an established industry before the Depression, and it greatly contributed to the success of the Federal Theatre Project. Some of the most spectacular productions were put on by black theater professionals, for example: Macbeth, Haiti, Turpentine, Run Little Chillun, and The Trial of Dr. Beck.","Processed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012. EAD markup completed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012.","Special Collections and Archives holds the Federal Theatre Project collection, which includes numerous personal and organizational records as well as oral histories.","This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","Series one is titled Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs and negatives relating to productions, the majority of which are scene shots and portraits of employees, but the series also includes portraits of well-known figures of the day such as Eleanor Roosevelt and the Scottsboro Boys, and prints of audiences, caravan theater, children's theater, circus, community theater presentation, marionette construction, office personnel, posters, radio performances, rehearsals, sets, behind-the-scenes techniques, vaudeville, and workshops. Included are scene and stage production shots from living newspaper productions, such as \"Triple-A Plowed Under,\" \"Injunction Granted,\" \"1935,\" \"One-Third of a Nation,\" \"Power,\" and \"Spirochete,\" as well as from the Negro, Yiddish, and Radio units. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 1 to 82. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Some of the subjects included are audience, circus, dance, marionette, publicity, set, technical, theatres, and workshops. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series two is titled Oversize Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs relating to productions, including scene shots, stage and set shots, and portraits. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 83 to 88. The series is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. This series includes oversize duplicates from photographs contained in series one and series three.","Series three is titled Portraits. The series is comprised of headshots and portraits of actors, actresses, and directors involved in Federal Theatre productions. The series includes portraits of unidentified actors and actresses from various plays, such as \"It Can't Happen Here,\" \"No More Peace,\" \"Power,\" \"Sing for Your Supper,\" \"Processional,\" etc. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 88 to 93. The series is arranged alphabetically by surname. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series four is titled Microfiche. The series contains microfiche featuring a variety of subjects that are related to the Federal Theater Project. Each file contains at least one negative and one positive of each subject with most of the files having duplicates. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 95 to 104. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, by surname, or by subject. Some of the subjects included are actors, actresses, authors, audience, circus, dance, directors, employees, marionette, publicity, scenes, set, technical, theatres, and workshops.","Series five is titled Printing Materials. This series is split into three subseries: Zinc Plates and Mats, Woodblocks, and Mimeographs.This series contains zinc plates, mats, mimeographs and woodblocks that were used in the production of publications for the Federal Theater Project. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 105 to 112. The series is arranged alphabetically starting with productions and then going into portraits.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939"],"collection_ssim":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0205"],"unitid_tesim":["C0205"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creator_ssim":["Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the Library of Congress, National Archives and Records Administration, and acquired through purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Actors--Photographs.","Theatre--New York--New York.","Negatives.","Photographs.","Portraits."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Actors--Photographs.","Theatre--New York--New York.","Negatives.","Photographs.","Portraits."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["47.0 linear feet (112 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["47.0 linear feet (112 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe costumes and set designs are also available as a series in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"FTP digital collection\" href=\"http://www.aladin0.wrlc.org/gsdl/collect/ftpp/ftpp.shtml\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. There are photographs from this collection and other FTP collections in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Federal Theatre Project collection\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~23~23\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e There are also 35 mm microfiche negatives made from original Federal Theatre Project photographs in the early 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The costumes and set designs are also available as a series in the \n                . There are photographs from this collection and other FTP collections in the \n                 There are also 35 mm microfiche negatives made from original Federal Theatre Project photographs in the early 1980s."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into three series. Series one is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Series two is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. Series three is arranged alphabetically by surname.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Production Photographs, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Oversize Production Photographs,1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Portraits, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Microfiche, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Printing Materials, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into three series. Series one is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Series two is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. Series three is arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 1: Production Photographs, 1936-1939\n        Series 2: Oversize Production Photographs,1936-1939\n        Series 3: Portraits, 1936-1939\n        Series 4: Microfiche, 1936-1939\n        Series 5: Printing Materials, 1936-1939"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized in 1935, The Federal Theatre Project flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States until its end in 1939. The FTP was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), the FTP provided employment for theatrical professionals throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Actors, playwrights, scene designers and builders, seamstresses, lighting experts, ushers, box-office men, and stagehands all found employment through the FTP.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLike many New Deal programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Federal Theatre Project was intended not only to benefit its participants, but also to enrich the condition of the nation. Theater was a distinguished part of American popular culture, but the economic downturn of the Depression had bankrupted the entire theater industry. As the theater houses closed down, the nation was left without an outlet for theatrical creativity. According to Hallie Flanagan, this hurt the nation as much as it hurt the theater industry - indeed, the nation was their audience and the theater could provide entertaining distractions from the effects of Depression as well as offer commentary on present conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBut it was not enough to simply return to the pre-Depression concept of theater. In the first meeting with her staff Flanagan expressed her willingness to follow Roosevelt's experimental approach to public policy: \"In a changing world, a world of experiment, the stage too must experiment - with ideas, with the psychological relationship of men and women, with color and light.... The theatre must grow up.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFlanagan pursued her ideal of developing the relationship between the Federal Theatre and the federal government: \"Any theatre sponsored by the government of the United States should do no plays of a cheap, trivial, outworn or vulgar nature, but only such plays as the Government can stand proudly behind in a planned theatrical program, national in scope, regional in emphasis, and American in democratic attitude.\" To Flanagan, it was imperative that this new theater should be progressive and experimental, yet within a patriotic and informative framework.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe productions that best embodied Flanagan's views on theater were the Living Newspapers. These hard-hitting, poignant plays dealt with contemporary factual material, dramatizing issues such as housing, agriculture, labor, and destitution. Always ending on an upbeat note, Living Newspapers underscored the importance of hard work and morality in overcoming difficult times. Living Newspaper titles include: Triple A Plowed Under, Injunction Granted, One Third of a Nation, and Spirochete.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Theatre was noted for employing black Americans at a time when the Federal Government did not actively protect the rights of minorities. The \"Negro Theater\" (as it was called in the 1930s) was an established industry before the Depression, and it greatly contributed to the success of the Federal Theatre Project. Some of the most spectacular productions were put on by black theater professionals, for example: Macbeth, Haiti, Turpentine, Run Little Chillun, and The Trial of Dr. Beck.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Organized in 1935, The Federal Theatre Project flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States until its end in 1939. The FTP was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), the FTP provided employment for theatrical professionals throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Actors, playwrights, scene designers and builders, seamstresses, lighting experts, ushers, box-office men, and stagehands all found employment through the FTP.","Like many New Deal programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Federal Theatre Project was intended not only to benefit its participants, but also to enrich the condition of the nation. Theater was a distinguished part of American popular culture, but the economic downturn of the Depression had bankrupted the entire theater industry. As the theater houses closed down, the nation was left without an outlet for theatrical creativity. According to Hallie Flanagan, this hurt the nation as much as it hurt the theater industry - indeed, the nation was their audience and the theater could provide entertaining distractions from the effects of Depression as well as offer commentary on present conditions.","But it was not enough to simply return to the pre-Depression concept of theater. In the first meeting with her staff Flanagan expressed her willingness to follow Roosevelt's experimental approach to public policy: \"In a changing world, a world of experiment, the stage too must experiment - with ideas, with the psychological relationship of men and women, with color and light.... The theatre must grow up.\"","Flanagan pursued her ideal of developing the relationship between the Federal Theatre and the federal government: \"Any theatre sponsored by the government of the United States should do no plays of a cheap, trivial, outworn or vulgar nature, but only such plays as the Government can stand proudly behind in a planned theatrical program, national in scope, regional in emphasis, and American in democratic attitude.\" To Flanagan, it was imperative that this new theater should be progressive and experimental, yet within a patriotic and informative framework.","The productions that best embodied Flanagan's views on theater were the Living Newspapers. These hard-hitting, poignant plays dealt with contemporary factual material, dramatizing issues such as housing, agriculture, labor, and destitution. Always ending on an upbeat note, Living Newspapers underscored the importance of hard work and morality in overcoming difficult times. Living Newspaper titles include: Triple A Plowed Under, Injunction Granted, One Third of a Nation, and Spirochete.","The Federal Theatre was noted for employing black Americans at a time when the Federal Government did not actively protect the rights of minorities. The \"Negro Theater\" (as it was called in the 1930s) was an established industry before the Depression, and it greatly contributed to the success of the Federal Theatre Project. Some of the most spectacular productions were put on by black theater professionals, for example: Macbeth, Haiti, Turpentine, Run Little Chillun, and The Trial of Dr. Beck."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFederal Theatre Project Photographs, C0205, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project Photographs, C0205, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012. EAD markup completed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012. EAD markup completed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds the Federal Theatre Project collection, which includes numerous personal and organizational records as well as oral histories.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds the Federal Theatre Project collection, which includes numerous personal and organizational records as well as oral histories."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries one is titled Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs and negatives relating to productions, the majority of which are scene shots and portraits of employees, but the series also includes portraits of well-known figures of the day such as Eleanor Roosevelt and the Scottsboro Boys, and prints of audiences, caravan theater, children's theater, circus, community theater presentation, marionette construction, office personnel, posters, radio performances, rehearsals, sets, behind-the-scenes techniques, vaudeville, and workshops. Included are scene and stage production shots from living newspaper productions, such as \"Triple-A Plowed Under,\" \"Injunction Granted,\" \"1935,\" \"One-Third of a Nation,\" \"Power,\" and \"Spirochete,\" as well as from the Negro, Yiddish, and Radio units. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 1 to 82. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Some of the subjects included are audience, circus, dance, marionette, publicity, set, technical, theatres, and workshops. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries two is titled Oversize Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs relating to productions, including scene shots, stage and set shots, and portraits. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 83 to 88. The series is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. This series includes oversize duplicates from photographs contained in series one and series three.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries three is titled Portraits. The series is comprised of headshots and portraits of actors, actresses, and directors involved in Federal Theatre productions. The series includes portraits of unidentified actors and actresses from various plays, such as \"It Can't Happen Here,\" \"No More Peace,\" \"Power,\" \"Sing for Your Supper,\" \"Processional,\" etc. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 88 to 93. The series is arranged alphabetically by surname. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries four is titled Microfiche. The series contains microfiche featuring a variety of subjects that are related to the Federal Theater Project. Each file contains at least one negative and one positive of each subject with most of the files having duplicates. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 95 to 104. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, by surname, or by subject. Some of the subjects included are actors, actresses, authors, audience, circus, dance, directors, employees, marionette, publicity, scenes, set, technical, theatres, and workshops.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries five is titled Printing Materials. This series is split into three subseries: Zinc Plates and Mats, Woodblocks, and Mimeographs.This series contains zinc plates, mats, mimeographs and woodblocks that were used in the production of publications for the Federal Theater Project. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 105 to 112. The series is arranged alphabetically starting with productions and then going into portraits.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","Series one is titled Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs and negatives relating to productions, the majority of which are scene shots and portraits of employees, but the series also includes portraits of well-known figures of the day such as Eleanor Roosevelt and the Scottsboro Boys, and prints of audiences, caravan theater, children's theater, circus, community theater presentation, marionette construction, office personnel, posters, radio performances, rehearsals, sets, behind-the-scenes techniques, vaudeville, and workshops. Included are scene and stage production shots from living newspaper productions, such as \"Triple-A Plowed Under,\" \"Injunction Granted,\" \"1935,\" \"One-Third of a Nation,\" \"Power,\" and \"Spirochete,\" as well as from the Negro, Yiddish, and Radio units. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 1 to 82. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Some of the subjects included are audience, circus, dance, marionette, publicity, set, technical, theatres, and workshops. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series two is titled Oversize Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs relating to productions, including scene shots, stage and set shots, and portraits. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 83 to 88. The series is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. This series includes oversize duplicates from photographs contained in series one and series three.","Series three is titled Portraits. The series is comprised of headshots and portraits of actors, actresses, and directors involved in Federal Theatre productions. The series includes portraits of unidentified actors and actresses from various plays, such as \"It Can't Happen Here,\" \"No More Peace,\" \"Power,\" \"Sing for Your Supper,\" \"Processional,\" etc. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 88 to 93. The series is arranged alphabetically by surname. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series four is titled Microfiche. The series contains microfiche featuring a variety of subjects that are related to the Federal Theater Project. Each file contains at least one negative and one positive of each subject with most of the files having duplicates. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 95 to 104. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, by surname, or by subject. Some of the subjects included are actors, actresses, authors, audience, circus, dance, directors, employees, marionette, publicity, scenes, set, technical, theatres, and workshops.","Series five is titled Printing Materials. This series is split into three subseries: Zinc Plates and Mats, Woodblocks, and Mimeographs.This series contains zinc plates, mats, mimeographs and woodblocks that were used in the production of publications for the Federal Theater Project. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 105 to 112. The series is arranged alphabetically starting with productions and then going into portraits."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2653\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3845,"online_item_count_is":48,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:00.424Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_ftpphoto","ead_ssi":"vifgm_ftpphoto","_root_":"vifgm_ftpphoto","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_ftpphoto","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/ftpphoto.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/ftpphoto.html","title_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939"],"text":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939","C0205","Actors--Photographs.","Theatre--New York--New York.","Negatives.","Photographs.","Portraits.","There are no access restrictions.","The costumes and set designs are also available as a series in the \n                . There are photographs from this collection and other FTP collections in the \n                 There are also 35 mm microfiche negatives made from original Federal Theatre Project photographs in the early 1980s.","This collection is organized into three series. Series one is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Series two is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. Series three is arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 1: Production Photographs, 1936-1939\n        Series 2: Oversize Production Photographs,1936-1939\n        Series 3: Portraits, 1936-1939\n        Series 4: Microfiche, 1936-1939\n        Series 5: Printing Materials, 1936-1939","Organized in 1935, The Federal Theatre Project flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States until its end in 1939. The FTP was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), the FTP provided employment for theatrical professionals throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Actors, playwrights, scene designers and builders, seamstresses, lighting experts, ushers, box-office men, and stagehands all found employment through the FTP.","Like many New Deal programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Federal Theatre Project was intended not only to benefit its participants, but also to enrich the condition of the nation. Theater was a distinguished part of American popular culture, but the economic downturn of the Depression had bankrupted the entire theater industry. As the theater houses closed down, the nation was left without an outlet for theatrical creativity. According to Hallie Flanagan, this hurt the nation as much as it hurt the theater industry - indeed, the nation was their audience and the theater could provide entertaining distractions from the effects of Depression as well as offer commentary on present conditions.","But it was not enough to simply return to the pre-Depression concept of theater. In the first meeting with her staff Flanagan expressed her willingness to follow Roosevelt's experimental approach to public policy: \"In a changing world, a world of experiment, the stage too must experiment - with ideas, with the psychological relationship of men and women, with color and light.... The theatre must grow up.\"","Flanagan pursued her ideal of developing the relationship between the Federal Theatre and the federal government: \"Any theatre sponsored by the government of the United States should do no plays of a cheap, trivial, outworn or vulgar nature, but only such plays as the Government can stand proudly behind in a planned theatrical program, national in scope, regional in emphasis, and American in democratic attitude.\" To Flanagan, it was imperative that this new theater should be progressive and experimental, yet within a patriotic and informative framework.","The productions that best embodied Flanagan's views on theater were the Living Newspapers. These hard-hitting, poignant plays dealt with contemporary factual material, dramatizing issues such as housing, agriculture, labor, and destitution. Always ending on an upbeat note, Living Newspapers underscored the importance of hard work and morality in overcoming difficult times. Living Newspaper titles include: Triple A Plowed Under, Injunction Granted, One Third of a Nation, and Spirochete.","The Federal Theatre was noted for employing black Americans at a time when the Federal Government did not actively protect the rights of minorities. The \"Negro Theater\" (as it was called in the 1930s) was an established industry before the Depression, and it greatly contributed to the success of the Federal Theatre Project. Some of the most spectacular productions were put on by black theater professionals, for example: Macbeth, Haiti, Turpentine, Run Little Chillun, and The Trial of Dr. Beck.","Processed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012. EAD markup completed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012.","Special Collections and Archives holds the Federal Theatre Project collection, which includes numerous personal and organizational records as well as oral histories.","This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","Series one is titled Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs and negatives relating to productions, the majority of which are scene shots and portraits of employees, but the series also includes portraits of well-known figures of the day such as Eleanor Roosevelt and the Scottsboro Boys, and prints of audiences, caravan theater, children's theater, circus, community theater presentation, marionette construction, office personnel, posters, radio performances, rehearsals, sets, behind-the-scenes techniques, vaudeville, and workshops. Included are scene and stage production shots from living newspaper productions, such as \"Triple-A Plowed Under,\" \"Injunction Granted,\" \"1935,\" \"One-Third of a Nation,\" \"Power,\" and \"Spirochete,\" as well as from the Negro, Yiddish, and Radio units. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 1 to 82. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Some of the subjects included are audience, circus, dance, marionette, publicity, set, technical, theatres, and workshops. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series two is titled Oversize Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs relating to productions, including scene shots, stage and set shots, and portraits. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 83 to 88. The series is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. This series includes oversize duplicates from photographs contained in series one and series three.","Series three is titled Portraits. The series is comprised of headshots and portraits of actors, actresses, and directors involved in Federal Theatre productions. The series includes portraits of unidentified actors and actresses from various plays, such as \"It Can't Happen Here,\" \"No More Peace,\" \"Power,\" \"Sing for Your Supper,\" \"Processional,\" etc. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 88 to 93. The series is arranged alphabetically by surname. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series four is titled Microfiche. The series contains microfiche featuring a variety of subjects that are related to the Federal Theater Project. Each file contains at least one negative and one positive of each subject with most of the files having duplicates. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 95 to 104. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, by surname, or by subject. Some of the subjects included are actors, actresses, authors, audience, circus, dance, directors, employees, marionette, publicity, scenes, set, technical, theatres, and workshops.","Series five is titled Printing Materials. This series is split into three subseries: Zinc Plates and Mats, Woodblocks, and Mimeographs.This series contains zinc plates, mats, mimeographs and woodblocks that were used in the production of publications for the Federal Theater Project. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 105 to 112. The series is arranged alphabetically starting with productions and then going into portraits.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939"],"collection_ssim":["Federal Theatre Project photograph collection, 1936/1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0205"],"unitid_tesim":["C0205"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creator_ssim":["Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the Library of Congress, National Archives and Records Administration, and acquired through purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Actors--Photographs.","Theatre--New York--New York.","Negatives.","Photographs.","Portraits."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Actors--Photographs.","Theatre--New York--New York.","Negatives.","Photographs.","Portraits."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["47.0 linear feet (112 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["47.0 linear feet (112 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe costumes and set designs are also available as a series in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"FTP digital collection\" href=\"http://www.aladin0.wrlc.org/gsdl/collect/ftpp/ftpp.shtml\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. There are photographs from this collection and other FTP collections in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Federal Theatre Project collection\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~23~23\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e There are also 35 mm microfiche negatives made from original Federal Theatre Project photographs in the early 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The costumes and set designs are also available as a series in the \n                . There are photographs from this collection and other FTP collections in the \n                 There are also 35 mm microfiche negatives made from original Federal Theatre Project photographs in the early 1980s."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into three series. Series one is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Series two is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. Series three is arranged alphabetically by surname.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Production Photographs, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Oversize Production Photographs,1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Portraits, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Microfiche, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Printing Materials, 1936-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into three series. Series one is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Series two is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. Series three is arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 1: Production Photographs, 1936-1939\n        Series 2: Oversize Production Photographs,1936-1939\n        Series 3: Portraits, 1936-1939\n        Series 4: Microfiche, 1936-1939\n        Series 5: Printing Materials, 1936-1939"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized in 1935, The Federal Theatre Project flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States until its end in 1939. The FTP was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), the FTP provided employment for theatrical professionals throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Actors, playwrights, scene designers and builders, seamstresses, lighting experts, ushers, box-office men, and stagehands all found employment through the FTP.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLike many New Deal programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Federal Theatre Project was intended not only to benefit its participants, but also to enrich the condition of the nation. Theater was a distinguished part of American popular culture, but the economic downturn of the Depression had bankrupted the entire theater industry. As the theater houses closed down, the nation was left without an outlet for theatrical creativity. According to Hallie Flanagan, this hurt the nation as much as it hurt the theater industry - indeed, the nation was their audience and the theater could provide entertaining distractions from the effects of Depression as well as offer commentary on present conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBut it was not enough to simply return to the pre-Depression concept of theater. In the first meeting with her staff Flanagan expressed her willingness to follow Roosevelt's experimental approach to public policy: \"In a changing world, a world of experiment, the stage too must experiment - with ideas, with the psychological relationship of men and women, with color and light.... The theatre must grow up.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFlanagan pursued her ideal of developing the relationship between the Federal Theatre and the federal government: \"Any theatre sponsored by the government of the United States should do no plays of a cheap, trivial, outworn or vulgar nature, but only such plays as the Government can stand proudly behind in a planned theatrical program, national in scope, regional in emphasis, and American in democratic attitude.\" To Flanagan, it was imperative that this new theater should be progressive and experimental, yet within a patriotic and informative framework.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe productions that best embodied Flanagan's views on theater were the Living Newspapers. These hard-hitting, poignant plays dealt with contemporary factual material, dramatizing issues such as housing, agriculture, labor, and destitution. Always ending on an upbeat note, Living Newspapers underscored the importance of hard work and morality in overcoming difficult times. Living Newspaper titles include: Triple A Plowed Under, Injunction Granted, One Third of a Nation, and Spirochete.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Theatre was noted for employing black Americans at a time when the Federal Government did not actively protect the rights of minorities. The \"Negro Theater\" (as it was called in the 1930s) was an established industry before the Depression, and it greatly contributed to the success of the Federal Theatre Project. Some of the most spectacular productions were put on by black theater professionals, for example: Macbeth, Haiti, Turpentine, Run Little Chillun, and The Trial of Dr. Beck.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Organized in 1935, The Federal Theatre Project flourished as the first and only federally sponsored and subsidized theater program in the United States until its end in 1939. The FTP was a division of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided employment for large numbers of artists, writers, and performers during the Great Depression (1929-1939). Directed by Hallie Flanagan (1880-1969), the FTP provided employment for theatrical professionals throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Actors, playwrights, scene designers and builders, seamstresses, lighting experts, ushers, box-office men, and stagehands all found employment through the FTP.","Like many New Deal programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Federal Theatre Project was intended not only to benefit its participants, but also to enrich the condition of the nation. Theater was a distinguished part of American popular culture, but the economic downturn of the Depression had bankrupted the entire theater industry. As the theater houses closed down, the nation was left without an outlet for theatrical creativity. According to Hallie Flanagan, this hurt the nation as much as it hurt the theater industry - indeed, the nation was their audience and the theater could provide entertaining distractions from the effects of Depression as well as offer commentary on present conditions.","But it was not enough to simply return to the pre-Depression concept of theater. In the first meeting with her staff Flanagan expressed her willingness to follow Roosevelt's experimental approach to public policy: \"In a changing world, a world of experiment, the stage too must experiment - with ideas, with the psychological relationship of men and women, with color and light.... The theatre must grow up.\"","Flanagan pursued her ideal of developing the relationship between the Federal Theatre and the federal government: \"Any theatre sponsored by the government of the United States should do no plays of a cheap, trivial, outworn or vulgar nature, but only such plays as the Government can stand proudly behind in a planned theatrical program, national in scope, regional in emphasis, and American in democratic attitude.\" To Flanagan, it was imperative that this new theater should be progressive and experimental, yet within a patriotic and informative framework.","The productions that best embodied Flanagan's views on theater were the Living Newspapers. These hard-hitting, poignant plays dealt with contemporary factual material, dramatizing issues such as housing, agriculture, labor, and destitution. Always ending on an upbeat note, Living Newspapers underscored the importance of hard work and morality in overcoming difficult times. Living Newspaper titles include: Triple A Plowed Under, Injunction Granted, One Third of a Nation, and Spirochete.","The Federal Theatre was noted for employing black Americans at a time when the Federal Government did not actively protect the rights of minorities. The \"Negro Theater\" (as it was called in the 1930s) was an established industry before the Depression, and it greatly contributed to the success of the Federal Theatre Project. Some of the most spectacular productions were put on by black theater professionals, for example: Macbeth, Haiti, Turpentine, Run Little Chillun, and The Trial of Dr. Beck."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFederal Theatre Project Photographs, C0205, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Federal Theatre Project Photographs, C0205, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012. EAD markup completed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012. EAD markup completed by Monica Johnson and Joey Romeo in 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds the Federal Theatre Project collection, which includes numerous personal and organizational records as well as oral histories.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds the Federal Theatre Project collection, which includes numerous personal and organizational records as well as oral histories."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries one is titled Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs and negatives relating to productions, the majority of which are scene shots and portraits of employees, but the series also includes portraits of well-known figures of the day such as Eleanor Roosevelt and the Scottsboro Boys, and prints of audiences, caravan theater, children's theater, circus, community theater presentation, marionette construction, office personnel, posters, radio performances, rehearsals, sets, behind-the-scenes techniques, vaudeville, and workshops. Included are scene and stage production shots from living newspaper productions, such as \"Triple-A Plowed Under,\" \"Injunction Granted,\" \"1935,\" \"One-Third of a Nation,\" \"Power,\" and \"Spirochete,\" as well as from the Negro, Yiddish, and Radio units. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 1 to 82. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Some of the subjects included are audience, circus, dance, marionette, publicity, set, technical, theatres, and workshops. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries two is titled Oversize Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs relating to productions, including scene shots, stage and set shots, and portraits. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 83 to 88. The series is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. This series includes oversize duplicates from photographs contained in series one and series three.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries three is titled Portraits. The series is comprised of headshots and portraits of actors, actresses, and directors involved in Federal Theatre productions. The series includes portraits of unidentified actors and actresses from various plays, such as \"It Can't Happen Here,\" \"No More Peace,\" \"Power,\" \"Sing for Your Supper,\" \"Processional,\" etc. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 88 to 93. The series is arranged alphabetically by surname. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries four is titled Microfiche. The series contains microfiche featuring a variety of subjects that are related to the Federal Theater Project. Each file contains at least one negative and one positive of each subject with most of the files having duplicates. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 95 to 104. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, by surname, or by subject. Some of the subjects included are actors, actresses, authors, audience, circus, dance, directors, employees, marionette, publicity, scenes, set, technical, theatres, and workshops.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries five is titled Printing Materials. This series is split into three subseries: Zinc Plates and Mats, Woodblocks, and Mimeographs.This series contains zinc plates, mats, mimeographs and woodblocks that were used in the production of publications for the Federal Theater Project. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 105 to 112. The series is arranged alphabetically starting with productions and then going into portraits.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.","Series one is titled Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs and negatives relating to productions, the majority of which are scene shots and portraits of employees, but the series also includes portraits of well-known figures of the day such as Eleanor Roosevelt and the Scottsboro Boys, and prints of audiences, caravan theater, children's theater, circus, community theater presentation, marionette construction, office personnel, posters, radio performances, rehearsals, sets, behind-the-scenes techniques, vaudeville, and workshops. Included are scene and stage production shots from living newspaper productions, such as \"Triple-A Plowed Under,\" \"Injunction Granted,\" \"1935,\" \"One-Third of a Nation,\" \"Power,\" and \"Spirochete,\" as well as from the Negro, Yiddish, and Radio units. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 1 to 82. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city; by surname; or by subject. Some of the subjects included are audience, circus, dance, marionette, publicity, set, technical, theatres, and workshops. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series two is titled Oversize Production Photographs. The series is comprised of photographs relating to productions, including scene shots, stage and set shots, and portraits. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 83 to 88. The series is arranged alphabetically by production title, state and city, or by subject. This series includes oversize duplicates from photographs contained in series one and series three.","Series three is titled Portraits. The series is comprised of headshots and portraits of actors, actresses, and directors involved in Federal Theatre productions. The series includes portraits of unidentified actors and actresses from various plays, such as \"It Can't Happen Here,\" \"No More Peace,\" \"Power,\" \"Sing for Your Supper,\" \"Processional,\" etc. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 88 to 93. The series is arranged alphabetically by surname. Duplicates can be found both within folders and across folders (more than one folder with the same heading); oversize duplicates are included in series two.","Series four is titled Microfiche. The series contains microfiche featuring a variety of subjects that are related to the Federal Theater Project. Each file contains at least one negative and one positive of each subject with most of the files having duplicates. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 95 to 104. It is arranged alphabetically by production title, by surname, or by subject. Some of the subjects included are actors, actresses, authors, audience, circus, dance, directors, employees, marionette, publicity, scenes, set, technical, theatres, and workshops.","Series five is titled Printing Materials. This series is split into three subseries: Zinc Plates and Mats, Woodblocks, and Mimeographs.This series contains zinc plates, mats, mimeographs and woodblocks that were used in the production of publications for the Federal Theater Project. The series is dated from 1936 to 1939 and is contained in boxes 105 to 112. The series is arranged alphabetically starting with productions and then going into portraits."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Federal Theatre Project Photographs collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2653\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of graphic materials relating to Federal Theatre Project productions from 1936 to 1939 across the United States, with the majority from New York City and Roslyn, New York, San Diego and San Francisco, California, and Chicago, Illinois. The collection is mostly comprised of black and white photographs ranging in size from 4x5 to 11x14 and duplicate prints, as well as a few negatives."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Federal Theatre Project (U.S.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3845,"online_item_count_is":48,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:00.424Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_ftpphoto"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gardner, G.P.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Three cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. Gardner wearing what is probably a Confederate uniform, including sword and pistol; and a portrait of a small child, probably G.P. Gardner's son. These three items do not include their lids. Gardner was at one time a Kanawha River boat pilot.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2291.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196359","title_ssm":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes"],"title_tesim":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1847 - 1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1847 - 1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865"],"text":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865","A\u0026M 3804","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2291","Point Pleasant (W. Va.)","Photographs.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Three cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. Gardner wearing what is probably a Confederate uniform, including sword and pistol; and a portrait of a small child, probably G.P. Gardner's son. These three items do not include their lids. Gardner was at one time a Kanawha River boat pilot.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Garden family","Gardner, G.P.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865"],"collection_ssim":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3804","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2291"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3804","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2291"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Point Pleasant (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Point Pleasant (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Point Pleasant (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Gardner, G.P."],"creator_ssim":["Gardner, G.P."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gardner, G.P."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Garden family"],"creators_ssim":["Gardner, G.P.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Garden family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (3 small boxes, 1 in. each, inserted into index card box [4 in. x 6 in. x 10 in.])"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (3 small boxes, 1 in. each, inserted into index card box [4 in. x 6 in. x 10 in.])"],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, A\u0026amp;M 3804, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, A\u0026M 3804, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7cae077b298293b938ec38ef6f0a6b22\"\u003eThree cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. Gardner wearing what is probably a Confederate uniform, including sword and pistol; and a portrait of a small child, probably G.P. Gardner's son. These three items do not include their lids. Gardner was at one time a Kanawha River boat pilot.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Three cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. Gardner wearing what is probably a Confederate uniform, including sword and pistol; and a portrait of a small child, probably G.P. Gardner's son. These three items do not include their lids. Gardner was at one time a Kanawha River boat pilot."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_57e608c2019af8b1cc9b8821c3550c92\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Garden family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Garden family","Gardner, G.P."],"persname_ssim":["Gardner, G.P."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Garden family","Gardner, G.P."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:08:12.086Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2291.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196359","title_ssm":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes"],"title_tesim":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1847 - 1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1847 - 1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865"],"text":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865","A\u0026M 3804","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2291","Point Pleasant (W. Va.)","Photographs.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Three cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. Gardner wearing what is probably a Confederate uniform, including sword and pistol; and a portrait of a small child, probably G.P. Gardner's son. These three items do not include their lids. Gardner was at one time a Kanawha River boat pilot.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Garden family","Gardner, G.P.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865"],"collection_ssim":["G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, 1847/1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3804","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2291"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3804","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2291"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Point Pleasant (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Point Pleasant (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Point Pleasant (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Gardner, G.P."],"creator_ssim":["Gardner, G.P."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gardner, G.P."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Garden family"],"creators_ssim":["Gardner, G.P.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Garden family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (3 small boxes, 1 in. each, inserted into index card box [4 in. x 6 in. x 10 in.])"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (3 small boxes, 1 in. each, inserted into index card box [4 in. x 6 in. x 10 in.])"],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, A\u0026amp;M 3804, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], G.P. Gardner, Three Ambrotypes, A\u0026M 3804, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7cae077b298293b938ec38ef6f0a6b22\"\u003eThree cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. Gardner wearing what is probably a Confederate uniform, including sword and pistol; and a portrait of a small child, probably G.P. Gardner's son. These three items do not include their lids. Gardner was at one time a Kanawha River boat pilot.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Three cased ambrotype photographs of members of the Gardner family from Point Pleasant in Mason County, West Virginia. Collection includes portrait of G.P. Gardner (pre-Civil War); G.P. 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Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Garden family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Garden family","Gardner, G.P."],"persname_ssim":["Gardner, G.P."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Garden family","Gardner, G.P."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:08:12.086Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2291"}},{"id":"vifgm_buchanan","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James M. Buchanan papers, 1920/2013","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_buchanan#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Buchanan, James M.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_buchanan#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection covers the career of Nobel Prize winning Economist James M. Buchanan, as well as records generated by the Center for the Study of Public Choice.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_buchanan#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_buchanan","ead_ssi":"vifgm_buchanan","_root_":"vifgm_buchanan","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_buchanan","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/buchanan.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/buchanan.html","title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"title_tesim":["James M. 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Also of note is correspondence, etc. from Buchanan's long-time secretary Betty Tillman, as well as administrator for the Center for the Study of Public Choice Jo Ann Burgess."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the James M. Buchanan papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the James M. Buchanan papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection covers the career of Nobel Prize winning Economist James M. 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Buchanan papers, 1920/2013","C0247","Economics--United States.","Nobel Prizes.","Letters.","Photographs.","Video recordings.","Conference materials","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is currently being arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Correspondence\n        Series 2: Academic\n        Series 3: Conferences and travel\n        Series 4: Writings\n        Series 5: Articles read\n        Series 6: Photographs\n        Series 7: Oversize\n        Series 8: Audiovisual materials\n        Series 9: Administration/Center for the Study of Public Choice","Economist James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Murfreesboro, Tenessee. Buchanan studied at Middle Tennessee State University, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and the University of Chicago, and he taught at a variety of schools, including the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, and George Mason University. 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Also of note is correspondence, etc. from Buchanan's long-time secretary Betty Tillman, as well as administrator for the Center for the Study of Public Choice Jo Ann Burgess.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the James M. Buchanan papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","This collection covers the career of Nobel Prize winning Economist James M. Buchanan, as well as records generated by the Center for the Study of Public Choice.","George Mason University. Libraries.Special Collections Research Center.","Center for the Study of Public Choice.","Public Choice Society.","Buchanan, James M.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1920/2013"],"collection_ssim":["James M. 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EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in June 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains material covering James Buchanan's life, education, and academic career, from his time at Middle Tennessee State University in the 1930s to his death in 2013. There is also a photo from his early childhood, circa 1920. Academic and personal correspondence, drafts, revisions, and printed versions of writings, conference materials and travel information, collected articles read by Buchanan, and material produced as part of the Center for the Study of Public Choice's operations are all included in the collection. Also of note is correspondence, etc. from Buchanan's long-time secretary Betty Tillman, as well as administrator for the Center for the Study of Public Choice Jo Ann Burgess.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains material covering James Buchanan's life, education, and academic career, from his time at Middle Tennessee State University in the 1930s to his death in 2013. There is also a photo from his early childhood, circa 1920. Academic and personal correspondence, drafts, revisions, and printed versions of writings, conference materials and travel information, collected articles read by Buchanan, and material produced as part of the Center for the Study of Public Choice's operations are all included in the collection. Also of note is correspondence, etc. from Buchanan's long-time secretary Betty Tillman, as well as administrator for the Center for the Study of Public Choice Jo Ann Burgess."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the James M. Buchanan papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the James M. Buchanan papers must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection covers the career of Nobel Prize winning Economist James M. 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Libraries.Special Collections Research Center.","Center for the Study of Public Choice.","Public Choice Society.","Buchanan, James M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:55.363Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_buchanan"}},{"id":"vifgm_epstein","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_epstein#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_epstein#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_epstein#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_epstein","ead_ssi":"vifgm_epstein","_root_":"vifgm_epstein","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_epstein","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/epstein.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/epstein.html","title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"text":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983","C0262","Letters.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","World War, 1939-1945.","Correspondence.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Slides.","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n\n        Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n\n        Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n\n        Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-22)","Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942.\n\nAfter attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars.\n\nAfter returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.","Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017.","Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the .","The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.","George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center.","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0262"],"unitid_tesim":["C0262"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center."],"creators_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by L. Claire Kincannon in 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","World War, 1939-1945.","Correspondence.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Slides."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","World War, 1939-1945.","Correspondence.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Slides."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.0 linear ft."],"extent_tesim":["8.0 linear ft."],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-22)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n\n        Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n\n        Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n\n        Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-22)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942.\n\nAfter attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars.\n\nAfter returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942.\n\nAfter attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars.\n\nAfter returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Leonard H. Clark military history collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/clark.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Mary Elsie Fox photograph collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/fox.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center."],"persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center.","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":106,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:00.424Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_epstein","ead_ssi":"vifgm_epstein","_root_":"vifgm_epstein","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_epstein","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/epstein.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/epstein.html","title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"text":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983","C0262","Letters.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","World War, 1939-1945.","Correspondence.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Slides.","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n\n        Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n\n        Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n\n        Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-22)","Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942.\n\nAfter attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars.\n\nAfter returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.","Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017.","Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the .","The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.","George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center.","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0262"],"unitid_tesim":["C0262"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center."],"creators_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by L. Claire Kincannon in 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","World War, 1939-1945.","Correspondence.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Slides."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","World War, 1939-1945.","Correspondence.","Negatives.","Newspapers.","Slides."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.0 linear ft."],"extent_tesim":["8.0 linear ft."],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-22)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n\n        Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n\n        Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n\n        Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-22)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942.\n\nAfter attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars.\n\nAfter returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942.\n\nAfter attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars.\n\nAfter returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Leonard H. Clark military history collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/clark.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Mary Elsie Fox photograph collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/fox.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Jerome Epstein papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center."],"persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries.  Special Collections Research Center.","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":106,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:00.424Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_epstein"}},{"id":"vifgm_paden","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_paden#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Paden, John N.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_paden#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_paden#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_paden","ead_ssi":"vifgm_paden","_root_":"vifgm_paden","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_paden","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/paden.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/paden.html","title_ssm":["John N. Paden papers"],"title_tesim":["John N. Paden papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1938-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010"],"text":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010","C0194","Africa--Photographs.","Africa--Slides.","International Relations.","Nigeria.","Sound recordings.","Negatives.","Photographs.","There are no access restrictions.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1971-1998 (Boxes 1-4)\n        Series 2: Research, 1950s-2010 (Boxes 4-85)\n        Series 3: Publications, 1959-2010 (Boxes 85-104, 111-129)\n        Series 4: Maps, 1949-1980s (Box 104)\n        Series 5: Audio/Visual, 1938-1985 (Boxes 105-109, 133)\n        Series 6: Oversize, 1949-1997 (110, 130, Map Case)\n        Series 7: Realia, undated (Boxes 131-132)","Dr. John N. Paden is a Clarence Robinson Professor Emeritus of International Studies at George Mason University. He received his BA in philosophy from Occidental College, his MA in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and his PhD in politics from Harvard University.","Dr. Paden came to George Mason in 1987, and he taught comparative government, international development, and conflict resolution. He is a co-founder of the GMU graduate program in International Commerce and Policy (ICP). He is also co-founder and co-director of the GMU Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (CAPEC), under the Office of the Provost. He has been involved in scholarly exchanges between the US and China and served as Director of the SPP/ICP summer graduate program in China, focusing on socio-economic changes and cross-cultural trade strategies. He also participated in the SPP/ICP summer trade programs in Oxford and Geneva. He helped develop undergraduate minors at GMU in Asia Pacific Studies, Islamic Studies, and Afro-American and African Studies. He has served as Director of African Studies at Northwestern University, Professor of Public Administration at Ahmadu Bello University (Zaria, Nigeria), and Dean, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, at Bayero University (Kano, Nigeria).","Dr. Paden has also served on a senior level task force at the Brookings Institution on \"US policy toward the Islamic world.\" Dr. Paden's work includes an extensive list of publications, including highly acclaimed textbooks about Africa. He retired from George Mason University in May 2017.","Processed by Blyth McManus in 2014. EAD markup completed by Blyth McManus in 2014.","Special Collections and Archives also holds the papers of many other George Mason University professors, as well as materials pertaining to International Relations, including the , the , and the . Other collections containing photographs or slides of Nigeria include the , the , and the .","The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component.","Series 1, Correspondence: Includes correspondence relating to book reviews, various publications, research projects, conferences, travel arrangements, publishing matters related to Dr. Paden's works, and letters of recommendation for students. Organized alphabetically by subject and then chronologically.","Series 2, Research: Published papers and documents, conference papers, and related materials. Research for Dr. Paden's dissertation is included and often separated by him into chapters and appendices, which include illustrations, maps,  and tables. Major topics represented are politics, development, and economics; Hausa language and Hausa language education; Islam in Africa; African studies; Arabic literature; research for his book Black Africa; and broad information on Northern Nigeria. Materials are organized by subject and then chronologically. Materials from his former wife Ann are included and marked as such when known. Her research contains extensive information on family, childbirth, children, home health care and medicine, food, and issues specific to women. Series also includes index cards containing original research, most from the 1960s - 1970s. Materials are organized by type, subject, and then chronologically.","Series 3, Publications: Includes books, journals, newspapers, catalogs from publishing houses, and various ephemera. Contents relate mainly to Nigeria, but also included are items relating to other African nations as well as to the US and UK. Collection includes more than twenty different newspapers which were published in Nigeria, but primarily written in English. Major publications are the New Nigerian, Nigerian Citizen, and This Day. Newspapers range from the 1960s-2010. Magazines both political and popular are included. The series also contains travel-related publications from the 1970s, including airline schedules, tourist information, and many site-specific or event-specific brochures, some of which are interesting historical documents in their own right. The majority of travel brochures come from California, Chicago and Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Texas, but some are from other regions of the US and overseas. Organized by subject and then chronologically.","Series 4: Maps. Includes maps of various African nations, primarily Nigeria. Organized by region and then chronologically. A greater quantity of maps may be found in Series 6, Oversize.","Series 5: Audio/Visual. Reel to reel audio tapes, audio cassette tapes, photographs, negatives. Audio recordings include radio interviews and other audio information relating to Nigeria in the 1960s. Photographs are primarily research-related images, the majority from Dr. Paden's trip to Africa in the 1960s, and include group portraits, images of Nigerian life, events, and royalty, and some personal family photographs dating from the 1930s. Slides are variously labeled by former wife Ann Paden as political rallies; crowd scenes;  Hausa; Fulani; activities; Sallah; Malams; \"Audo and the Padens;\" images of Kano City, Morocco, Spain, and England; general landscape; friends; and the house in Nigeria which Dr. Paden and his former wife occupied. Not all of the subjects listed appear to be in the extant slide collection. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 6: Oversized. Maps, posters, a small amount of printed matter, one large photograph, and one large charcoal sketch. Includes maps up to wall size of Nigeria, other nations, and world regions. In addition to basic maps showing cities, states, and regions, series also includes maps illustrating demography, transportation, topography, concentration of religious groups, location of tribal areas, and other specialized information. Includes posters relating to politics, cultural ideals, and university education. A few posters reflect popular culture of the 1970s. Materials range from the 1950s-2000s. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 7: Realia. Includes a percussion instrument called a \"yomkwo,\" or Nigerian raft zither, of the style made by the Birom (Berom) people of the Jos plateau. A yomkwo is a flat instrument made of reeds and grasses with a rattle attached to the back. Also included are eight Qur'an (Koran) boards, made of wood and other natural materials, in the style of the Hausa peoples. Six have Arabic writing on them. One is undecorated. Used for memorization of the Koran, often in conjunction with the drinking ink tradition. Materials are unidentified wood and ink. Paddle-shaped, about 8\"-12\"L x 6\"-8\"W. All realia is undated.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Paden, John N.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010"],"collection_ssim":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0194"],"unitid_tesim":["C0194"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Paden, John N."],"creator_ssim":["Paden, John N."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Paden, John N."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Paden, John N.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by John N. Paden in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Africa--Photographs.","Africa--Slides.","International Relations.","Nigeria.","Sound recordings.","Negatives.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Africa--Photographs.","Africa--Slides.","International Relations.","Nigeria.","Sound recordings.","Negatives.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.5 linear feet (133 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["87.5 linear feet (133 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1971-1998 (Boxes 1-4)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Research, 1950s-2010 (Boxes 4-85)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Publications, 1959-2010 (Boxes 85-104, 111-129)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Maps, 1949-1980s (Box 104)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Audio/Visual, 1938-1985 (Boxes 105-109, 133)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Oversize, 1949-1997 (110, 130, Map Case)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Realia, undated (Boxes 131-132)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence, 1971-1998 (Boxes 1-4)\n        Series 2: Research, 1950s-2010 (Boxes 4-85)\n        Series 3: Publications, 1959-2010 (Boxes 85-104, 111-129)\n        Series 4: Maps, 1949-1980s (Box 104)\n        Series 5: Audio/Visual, 1938-1985 (Boxes 105-109, 133)\n        Series 6: Oversize, 1949-1997 (110, 130, Map Case)\n        Series 7: Realia, undated (Boxes 131-132)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"McClain, Buzz, 'John Paden retires after 30 years as professor; leaves 4,000 books for Africa Studies library,' News at Mason, George Mason University, May 9, 2017.\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www2.gmu.edu/news/424381\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. John N. Paden is a Clarence Robinson Professor Emeritus of International Studies at George Mason University. He received his BA in philosophy from Occidental College, his MA in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and his PhD in politics from Harvard University. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nDr. Paden came to George Mason in 1987, and he taught comparative government, international development, and conflict resolution. He is a co-founder of the GMU graduate program in International Commerce and Policy (ICP). He is also co-founder and co-director of the GMU Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (CAPEC), under the Office of the Provost. He has been involved in scholarly exchanges between the US and China and served as Director of the SPP/ICP summer graduate program in China, focusing on socio-economic changes and cross-cultural trade strategies. He also participated in the SPP/ICP summer trade programs in Oxford and Geneva. He helped develop undergraduate minors at GMU in Asia Pacific Studies, Islamic Studies, and Afro-American and African Studies. He has served as Director of African Studies at Northwestern University, Professor of Public Administration at Ahmadu Bello University (Zaria, Nigeria), and Dean, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, at Bayero University (Kano, Nigeria).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nDr. Paden has also served on a senior level task force at the Brookings Institution on \"US policy toward the Islamic world.\" Dr. Paden's work includes an extensive list of publications, including highly acclaimed textbooks about Africa. He retired from George Mason University in May 2017.\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. John N. Paden is a Clarence Robinson Professor Emeritus of International Studies at George Mason University. He received his BA in philosophy from Occidental College, his MA in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and his PhD in politics from Harvard University.","Dr. Paden came to George Mason in 1987, and he taught comparative government, international development, and conflict resolution. He is a co-founder of the GMU graduate program in International Commerce and Policy (ICP). He is also co-founder and co-director of the GMU Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (CAPEC), under the Office of the Provost. He has been involved in scholarly exchanges between the US and China and served as Director of the SPP/ICP summer graduate program in China, focusing on socio-economic changes and cross-cultural trade strategies. He also participated in the SPP/ICP summer trade programs in Oxford and Geneva. He helped develop undergraduate minors at GMU in Asia Pacific Studies, Islamic Studies, and Afro-American and African Studies. He has served as Director of African Studies at Northwestern University, Professor of Public Administration at Ahmadu Bello University (Zaria, Nigeria), and Dean, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, at Bayero University (Kano, Nigeria).","Dr. Paden has also served on a senior level task force at the Brookings Institution on \"US policy toward the Islamic world.\" Dr. Paden's work includes an extensive list of publications, including highly acclaimed textbooks about Africa. He retired from George Mason University in May 2017."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn N. Paden papers, C0194, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["John N. Paden papers, C0194, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Blyth McManus in 2014. EAD markup completed by Blyth McManus in 2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Blyth McManus in 2014. EAD markup completed by Blyth McManus in 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds the papers of many other George Mason University professors, as well as materials pertaining to International Relations, including the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"John W. Burton papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/burton.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Henry O. Lampe papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/lampeh.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Max Harway papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/harway.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Other collections containing photographs or slides of Nigeria include the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Kjell Sandved nature collection\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/sandved.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Oliver F. Atkins photograph collection\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/atkins.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/ker.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds the papers of many other George Mason University professors, as well as materials pertaining to International Relations, including the , the , and the . Other collections containing photographs or slides of Nigeria include the , the , and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Correspondence: Includes correspondence relating to book reviews, various publications, research projects, conferences, travel arrangements, publishing matters related to Dr. Paden's works, and letters of recommendation for students. Organized alphabetically by subject and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Research: Published papers and documents, conference papers, and related materials. Research for Dr. Paden's dissertation is included and often separated by him into chapters and appendices, which include illustrations, maps,  and tables. Major topics represented are politics, development, and economics; Hausa language and Hausa language education; Islam in Africa; African studies; Arabic literature; research for his book Black Africa; and broad information on Northern Nigeria. Materials are organized by subject and then chronologically. Materials from his former wife Ann are included and marked as such when known. Her research contains extensive information on family, childbirth, children, home health care and medicine, food, and issues specific to women. Series also includes index cards containing original research, most from the 1960s - 1970s. Materials are organized by type, subject, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Publications: Includes books, journals, newspapers, catalogs from publishing houses, and various ephemera. Contents relate mainly to Nigeria, but also included are items relating to other African nations as well as to the US and UK. Collection includes more than twenty different newspapers which were published in Nigeria, but primarily written in English. Major publications are the New Nigerian, Nigerian Citizen, and This Day. Newspapers range from the 1960s-2010. Magazines both political and popular are included. The series also contains travel-related publications from the 1970s, including airline schedules, tourist information, and many site-specific or event-specific brochures, some of which are interesting historical documents in their own right. The majority of travel brochures come from California, Chicago and Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Texas, but some are from other regions of the US and overseas. Organized by subject and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Maps. Includes maps of various African nations, primarily Nigeria. Organized by region and then chronologically. A greater quantity of maps may be found in Series 6, Oversize.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Audio/Visual. Reel to reel audio tapes, audio cassette tapes, photographs, negatives. Audio recordings include radio interviews and other audio information relating to Nigeria in the 1960s. Photographs are primarily research-related images, the majority from Dr. Paden's trip to Africa in the 1960s, and include group portraits, images of Nigerian life, events, and royalty, and some personal family photographs dating from the 1930s. Slides are variously labeled by former wife Ann Paden as political rallies; crowd scenes;  Hausa; Fulani; activities; Sallah; Malams; \"Audo and the Padens;\" images of Kano City, Morocco, Spain, and England; general landscape; friends; and the house in Nigeria which Dr. Paden and his former wife occupied. Not all of the subjects listed appear to be in the extant slide collection. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Oversized. Maps, posters, a small amount of printed matter, one large photograph, and one large charcoal sketch. Includes maps up to wall size of Nigeria, other nations, and world regions. In addition to basic maps showing cities, states, and regions, series also includes maps illustrating demography, transportation, topography, concentration of religious groups, location of tribal areas, and other specialized information. Includes posters relating to politics, cultural ideals, and university education. A few posters reflect popular culture of the 1970s. Materials range from the 1950s-2000s. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Realia. Includes a percussion instrument called a \"yomkwo,\" or Nigerian raft zither, of the style made by the Birom (Berom) people of the Jos plateau. A yomkwo is a flat instrument made of reeds and grasses with a rattle attached to the back. Also included are eight Qur'an (Koran) boards, made of wood and other natural materials, in the style of the Hausa peoples. Six have Arabic writing on them. One is undecorated. Used for memorization of the Koran, often in conjunction with the drinking ink tradition. Materials are unidentified wood and ink. Paddle-shaped, about 8\"-12\"L x 6\"-8\"W. All realia is undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component.","Series 1, Correspondence: Includes correspondence relating to book reviews, various publications, research projects, conferences, travel arrangements, publishing matters related to Dr. Paden's works, and letters of recommendation for students. Organized alphabetically by subject and then chronologically.","Series 2, Research: Published papers and documents, conference papers, and related materials. Research for Dr. Paden's dissertation is included and often separated by him into chapters and appendices, which include illustrations, maps,  and tables. Major topics represented are politics, development, and economics; Hausa language and Hausa language education; Islam in Africa; African studies; Arabic literature; research for his book Black Africa; and broad information on Northern Nigeria. Materials are organized by subject and then chronologically. Materials from his former wife Ann are included and marked as such when known. Her research contains extensive information on family, childbirth, children, home health care and medicine, food, and issues specific to women. Series also includes index cards containing original research, most from the 1960s - 1970s. Materials are organized by type, subject, and then chronologically.","Series 3, Publications: Includes books, journals, newspapers, catalogs from publishing houses, and various ephemera. Contents relate mainly to Nigeria, but also included are items relating to other African nations as well as to the US and UK. Collection includes more than twenty different newspapers which were published in Nigeria, but primarily written in English. Major publications are the New Nigerian, Nigerian Citizen, and This Day. Newspapers range from the 1960s-2010. Magazines both political and popular are included. The series also contains travel-related publications from the 1970s, including airline schedules, tourist information, and many site-specific or event-specific brochures, some of which are interesting historical documents in their own right. The majority of travel brochures come from California, Chicago and Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Texas, but some are from other regions of the US and overseas. Organized by subject and then chronologically.","Series 4: Maps. Includes maps of various African nations, primarily Nigeria. Organized by region and then chronologically. A greater quantity of maps may be found in Series 6, Oversize.","Series 5: Audio/Visual. Reel to reel audio tapes, audio cassette tapes, photographs, negatives. Audio recordings include radio interviews and other audio information relating to Nigeria in the 1960s. Photographs are primarily research-related images, the majority from Dr. Paden's trip to Africa in the 1960s, and include group portraits, images of Nigerian life, events, and royalty, and some personal family photographs dating from the 1930s. Slides are variously labeled by former wife Ann Paden as political rallies; crowd scenes;  Hausa; Fulani; activities; Sallah; Malams; \"Audo and the Padens;\" images of Kano City, Morocco, Spain, and England; general landscape; friends; and the house in Nigeria which Dr. Paden and his former wife occupied. Not all of the subjects listed appear to be in the extant slide collection. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 6: Oversized. Maps, posters, a small amount of printed matter, one large photograph, and one large charcoal sketch. Includes maps up to wall size of Nigeria, other nations, and world regions. In addition to basic maps showing cities, states, and regions, series also includes maps illustrating demography, transportation, topography, concentration of religious groups, location of tribal areas, and other specialized information. Includes posters relating to politics, cultural ideals, and university education. A few posters reflect popular culture of the 1970s. Materials range from the 1950s-2000s. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 7: Realia. Includes a percussion instrument called a \"yomkwo,\" or Nigerian raft zither, of the style made by the Birom (Berom) people of the Jos plateau. A yomkwo is a flat instrument made of reeds and grasses with a rattle attached to the back. Also included are eight Qur'an (Koran) boards, made of wood and other natural materials, in the style of the Hausa peoples. Six have Arabic writing on them. One is undecorated. Used for memorization of the Koran, often in conjunction with the drinking ink tradition. Materials are unidentified wood and ink. Paddle-shaped, about 8\"-12\"L x 6\"-8\"W. All realia is undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Paden, John N."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Paden, John N."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1043,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_paden","ead_ssi":"vifgm_paden","_root_":"vifgm_paden","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_paden","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/paden.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/paden.html","title_ssm":["John N. Paden papers"],"title_tesim":["John N. Paden papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1938-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010"],"text":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010","C0194","Africa--Photographs.","Africa--Slides.","International Relations.","Nigeria.","Sound recordings.","Negatives.","Photographs.","There are no access restrictions.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1971-1998 (Boxes 1-4)\n        Series 2: Research, 1950s-2010 (Boxes 4-85)\n        Series 3: Publications, 1959-2010 (Boxes 85-104, 111-129)\n        Series 4: Maps, 1949-1980s (Box 104)\n        Series 5: Audio/Visual, 1938-1985 (Boxes 105-109, 133)\n        Series 6: Oversize, 1949-1997 (110, 130, Map Case)\n        Series 7: Realia, undated (Boxes 131-132)","Dr. John N. Paden is a Clarence Robinson Professor Emeritus of International Studies at George Mason University. He received his BA in philosophy from Occidental College, his MA in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and his PhD in politics from Harvard University.","Dr. Paden came to George Mason in 1987, and he taught comparative government, international development, and conflict resolution. He is a co-founder of the GMU graduate program in International Commerce and Policy (ICP). He is also co-founder and co-director of the GMU Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (CAPEC), under the Office of the Provost. He has been involved in scholarly exchanges between the US and China and served as Director of the SPP/ICP summer graduate program in China, focusing on socio-economic changes and cross-cultural trade strategies. He also participated in the SPP/ICP summer trade programs in Oxford and Geneva. He helped develop undergraduate minors at GMU in Asia Pacific Studies, Islamic Studies, and Afro-American and African Studies. He has served as Director of African Studies at Northwestern University, Professor of Public Administration at Ahmadu Bello University (Zaria, Nigeria), and Dean, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, at Bayero University (Kano, Nigeria).","Dr. Paden has also served on a senior level task force at the Brookings Institution on \"US policy toward the Islamic world.\" Dr. Paden's work includes an extensive list of publications, including highly acclaimed textbooks about Africa. He retired from George Mason University in May 2017.","Processed by Blyth McManus in 2014. EAD markup completed by Blyth McManus in 2014.","Special Collections and Archives also holds the papers of many other George Mason University professors, as well as materials pertaining to International Relations, including the , the , and the . Other collections containing photographs or slides of Nigeria include the , the , and the .","The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component.","Series 1, Correspondence: Includes correspondence relating to book reviews, various publications, research projects, conferences, travel arrangements, publishing matters related to Dr. Paden's works, and letters of recommendation for students. Organized alphabetically by subject and then chronologically.","Series 2, Research: Published papers and documents, conference papers, and related materials. Research for Dr. Paden's dissertation is included and often separated by him into chapters and appendices, which include illustrations, maps,  and tables. Major topics represented are politics, development, and economics; Hausa language and Hausa language education; Islam in Africa; African studies; Arabic literature; research for his book Black Africa; and broad information on Northern Nigeria. Materials are organized by subject and then chronologically. Materials from his former wife Ann are included and marked as such when known. Her research contains extensive information on family, childbirth, children, home health care and medicine, food, and issues specific to women. Series also includes index cards containing original research, most from the 1960s - 1970s. Materials are organized by type, subject, and then chronologically.","Series 3, Publications: Includes books, journals, newspapers, catalogs from publishing houses, and various ephemera. Contents relate mainly to Nigeria, but also included are items relating to other African nations as well as to the US and UK. Collection includes more than twenty different newspapers which were published in Nigeria, but primarily written in English. Major publications are the New Nigerian, Nigerian Citizen, and This Day. Newspapers range from the 1960s-2010. Magazines both political and popular are included. The series also contains travel-related publications from the 1970s, including airline schedules, tourist information, and many site-specific or event-specific brochures, some of which are interesting historical documents in their own right. The majority of travel brochures come from California, Chicago and Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Texas, but some are from other regions of the US and overseas. Organized by subject and then chronologically.","Series 4: Maps. Includes maps of various African nations, primarily Nigeria. Organized by region and then chronologically. A greater quantity of maps may be found in Series 6, Oversize.","Series 5: Audio/Visual. Reel to reel audio tapes, audio cassette tapes, photographs, negatives. Audio recordings include radio interviews and other audio information relating to Nigeria in the 1960s. Photographs are primarily research-related images, the majority from Dr. Paden's trip to Africa in the 1960s, and include group portraits, images of Nigerian life, events, and royalty, and some personal family photographs dating from the 1930s. Slides are variously labeled by former wife Ann Paden as political rallies; crowd scenes;  Hausa; Fulani; activities; Sallah; Malams; \"Audo and the Padens;\" images of Kano City, Morocco, Spain, and England; general landscape; friends; and the house in Nigeria which Dr. Paden and his former wife occupied. Not all of the subjects listed appear to be in the extant slide collection. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 6: Oversized. Maps, posters, a small amount of printed matter, one large photograph, and one large charcoal sketch. Includes maps up to wall size of Nigeria, other nations, and world regions. In addition to basic maps showing cities, states, and regions, series also includes maps illustrating demography, transportation, topography, concentration of religious groups, location of tribal areas, and other specialized information. Includes posters relating to politics, cultural ideals, and university education. A few posters reflect popular culture of the 1970s. Materials range from the 1950s-2000s. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 7: Realia. Includes a percussion instrument called a \"yomkwo,\" or Nigerian raft zither, of the style made by the Birom (Berom) people of the Jos plateau. A yomkwo is a flat instrument made of reeds and grasses with a rattle attached to the back. Also included are eight Qur'an (Koran) boards, made of wood and other natural materials, in the style of the Hausa peoples. Six have Arabic writing on them. One is undecorated. Used for memorization of the Koran, often in conjunction with the drinking ink tradition. Materials are unidentified wood and ink. Paddle-shaped, about 8\"-12\"L x 6\"-8\"W. All realia is undated.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Paden, John N.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010"],"collection_ssim":["John N. Paden papers, 1938/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0194"],"unitid_tesim":["C0194"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Paden, John N."],"creator_ssim":["Paden, John N."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Paden, John N."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Paden, John N.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by John N. Paden in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Africa--Photographs.","Africa--Slides.","International Relations.","Nigeria.","Sound recordings.","Negatives.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Africa--Photographs.","Africa--Slides.","International Relations.","Nigeria.","Sound recordings.","Negatives.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.5 linear feet (133 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["87.5 linear feet (133 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1971-1998 (Boxes 1-4)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Research, 1950s-2010 (Boxes 4-85)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Publications, 1959-2010 (Boxes 85-104, 111-129)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Maps, 1949-1980s (Box 104)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Audio/Visual, 1938-1985 (Boxes 105-109, 133)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Oversize, 1949-1997 (110, 130, Map Case)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Realia, undated (Boxes 131-132)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence, 1971-1998 (Boxes 1-4)\n        Series 2: Research, 1950s-2010 (Boxes 4-85)\n        Series 3: Publications, 1959-2010 (Boxes 85-104, 111-129)\n        Series 4: Maps, 1949-1980s (Box 104)\n        Series 5: Audio/Visual, 1938-1985 (Boxes 105-109, 133)\n        Series 6: Oversize, 1949-1997 (110, 130, Map Case)\n        Series 7: Realia, undated (Boxes 131-132)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"McClain, Buzz, 'John Paden retires after 30 years as professor; leaves 4,000 books for Africa Studies library,' News at Mason, George Mason University, May 9, 2017.\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www2.gmu.edu/news/424381\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. John N. Paden is a Clarence Robinson Professor Emeritus of International Studies at George Mason University. He received his BA in philosophy from Occidental College, his MA in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and his PhD in politics from Harvard University. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nDr. Paden came to George Mason in 1987, and he taught comparative government, international development, and conflict resolution. He is a co-founder of the GMU graduate program in International Commerce and Policy (ICP). He is also co-founder and co-director of the GMU Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (CAPEC), under the Office of the Provost. He has been involved in scholarly exchanges between the US and China and served as Director of the SPP/ICP summer graduate program in China, focusing on socio-economic changes and cross-cultural trade strategies. He also participated in the SPP/ICP summer trade programs in Oxford and Geneva. He helped develop undergraduate minors at GMU in Asia Pacific Studies, Islamic Studies, and Afro-American and African Studies. He has served as Director of African Studies at Northwestern University, Professor of Public Administration at Ahmadu Bello University (Zaria, Nigeria), and Dean, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, at Bayero University (Kano, Nigeria).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nDr. Paden has also served on a senior level task force at the Brookings Institution on \"US policy toward the Islamic world.\" Dr. Paden's work includes an extensive list of publications, including highly acclaimed textbooks about Africa. He retired from George Mason University in May 2017.\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. John N. Paden is a Clarence Robinson Professor Emeritus of International Studies at George Mason University. He received his BA in philosophy from Occidental College, his MA in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and his PhD in politics from Harvard University.","Dr. Paden came to George Mason in 1987, and he taught comparative government, international development, and conflict resolution. He is a co-founder of the GMU graduate program in International Commerce and Policy (ICP). He is also co-founder and co-director of the GMU Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (CAPEC), under the Office of the Provost. He has been involved in scholarly exchanges between the US and China and served as Director of the SPP/ICP summer graduate program in China, focusing on socio-economic changes and cross-cultural trade strategies. He also participated in the SPP/ICP summer trade programs in Oxford and Geneva. He helped develop undergraduate minors at GMU in Asia Pacific Studies, Islamic Studies, and Afro-American and African Studies. He has served as Director of African Studies at Northwestern University, Professor of Public Administration at Ahmadu Bello University (Zaria, Nigeria), and Dean, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, at Bayero University (Kano, Nigeria).","Dr. Paden has also served on a senior level task force at the Brookings Institution on \"US policy toward the Islamic world.\" Dr. Paden's work includes an extensive list of publications, including highly acclaimed textbooks about Africa. He retired from George Mason University in May 2017."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn N. Paden papers, C0194, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["John N. Paden papers, C0194, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Blyth McManus in 2014. EAD markup completed by Blyth McManus in 2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Blyth McManus in 2014. EAD markup completed by Blyth McManus in 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds the papers of many other George Mason University professors, as well as materials pertaining to International Relations, including the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"John W. Burton papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/burton.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Henry O. Lampe papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/lampeh.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Max Harway papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/harway.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. Other collections containing photographs or slides of Nigeria include the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Kjell Sandved nature collection\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/sandved.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Oliver F. Atkins photograph collection\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/atkins.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/ker.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds the papers of many other George Mason University professors, as well as materials pertaining to International Relations, including the , the , and the . Other collections containing photographs or slides of Nigeria include the , the , and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Correspondence: Includes correspondence relating to book reviews, various publications, research projects, conferences, travel arrangements, publishing matters related to Dr. Paden's works, and letters of recommendation for students. Organized alphabetically by subject and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Research: Published papers and documents, conference papers, and related materials. Research for Dr. Paden's dissertation is included and often separated by him into chapters and appendices, which include illustrations, maps,  and tables. Major topics represented are politics, development, and economics; Hausa language and Hausa language education; Islam in Africa; African studies; Arabic literature; research for his book Black Africa; and broad information on Northern Nigeria. Materials are organized by subject and then chronologically. Materials from his former wife Ann are included and marked as such when known. Her research contains extensive information on family, childbirth, children, home health care and medicine, food, and issues specific to women. Series also includes index cards containing original research, most from the 1960s - 1970s. Materials are organized by type, subject, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Publications: Includes books, journals, newspapers, catalogs from publishing houses, and various ephemera. Contents relate mainly to Nigeria, but also included are items relating to other African nations as well as to the US and UK. Collection includes more than twenty different newspapers which were published in Nigeria, but primarily written in English. Major publications are the New Nigerian, Nigerian Citizen, and This Day. Newspapers range from the 1960s-2010. Magazines both political and popular are included. The series also contains travel-related publications from the 1970s, including airline schedules, tourist information, and many site-specific or event-specific brochures, some of which are interesting historical documents in their own right. The majority of travel brochures come from California, Chicago and Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Texas, but some are from other regions of the US and overseas. Organized by subject and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Maps. Includes maps of various African nations, primarily Nigeria. Organized by region and then chronologically. A greater quantity of maps may be found in Series 6, Oversize.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Audio/Visual. Reel to reel audio tapes, audio cassette tapes, photographs, negatives. Audio recordings include radio interviews and other audio information relating to Nigeria in the 1960s. Photographs are primarily research-related images, the majority from Dr. Paden's trip to Africa in the 1960s, and include group portraits, images of Nigerian life, events, and royalty, and some personal family photographs dating from the 1930s. Slides are variously labeled by former wife Ann Paden as political rallies; crowd scenes;  Hausa; Fulani; activities; Sallah; Malams; \"Audo and the Padens;\" images of Kano City, Morocco, Spain, and England; general landscape; friends; and the house in Nigeria which Dr. Paden and his former wife occupied. Not all of the subjects listed appear to be in the extant slide collection. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Oversized. Maps, posters, a small amount of printed matter, one large photograph, and one large charcoal sketch. Includes maps up to wall size of Nigeria, other nations, and world regions. In addition to basic maps showing cities, states, and regions, series also includes maps illustrating demography, transportation, topography, concentration of religious groups, location of tribal areas, and other specialized information. Includes posters relating to politics, cultural ideals, and university education. A few posters reflect popular culture of the 1970s. Materials range from the 1950s-2000s. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Realia. Includes a percussion instrument called a \"yomkwo,\" or Nigerian raft zither, of the style made by the Birom (Berom) people of the Jos plateau. A yomkwo is a flat instrument made of reeds and grasses with a rattle attached to the back. Also included are eight Qur'an (Koran) boards, made of wood and other natural materials, in the style of the Hausa peoples. Six have Arabic writing on them. One is undecorated. Used for memorization of the Koran, often in conjunction with the drinking ink tradition. Materials are unidentified wood and ink. Paddle-shaped, about 8\"-12\"L x 6\"-8\"W. All realia is undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component.","Series 1, Correspondence: Includes correspondence relating to book reviews, various publications, research projects, conferences, travel arrangements, publishing matters related to Dr. Paden's works, and letters of recommendation for students. Organized alphabetically by subject and then chronologically.","Series 2, Research: Published papers and documents, conference papers, and related materials. Research for Dr. Paden's dissertation is included and often separated by him into chapters and appendices, which include illustrations, maps,  and tables. Major topics represented are politics, development, and economics; Hausa language and Hausa language education; Islam in Africa; African studies; Arabic literature; research for his book Black Africa; and broad information on Northern Nigeria. Materials are organized by subject and then chronologically. Materials from his former wife Ann are included and marked as such when known. Her research contains extensive information on family, childbirth, children, home health care and medicine, food, and issues specific to women. Series also includes index cards containing original research, most from the 1960s - 1970s. Materials are organized by type, subject, and then chronologically.","Series 3, Publications: Includes books, journals, newspapers, catalogs from publishing houses, and various ephemera. Contents relate mainly to Nigeria, but also included are items relating to other African nations as well as to the US and UK. Collection includes more than twenty different newspapers which were published in Nigeria, but primarily written in English. Major publications are the New Nigerian, Nigerian Citizen, and This Day. Newspapers range from the 1960s-2010. Magazines both political and popular are included. The series also contains travel-related publications from the 1970s, including airline schedules, tourist information, and many site-specific or event-specific brochures, some of which are interesting historical documents in their own right. The majority of travel brochures come from California, Chicago and Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Texas, but some are from other regions of the US and overseas. Organized by subject and then chronologically.","Series 4: Maps. Includes maps of various African nations, primarily Nigeria. Organized by region and then chronologically. A greater quantity of maps may be found in Series 6, Oversize.","Series 5: Audio/Visual. Reel to reel audio tapes, audio cassette tapes, photographs, negatives. Audio recordings include radio interviews and other audio information relating to Nigeria in the 1960s. Photographs are primarily research-related images, the majority from Dr. Paden's trip to Africa in the 1960s, and include group portraits, images of Nigerian life, events, and royalty, and some personal family photographs dating from the 1930s. Slides are variously labeled by former wife Ann Paden as political rallies; crowd scenes;  Hausa; Fulani; activities; Sallah; Malams; \"Audo and the Padens;\" images of Kano City, Morocco, Spain, and England; general landscape; friends; and the house in Nigeria which Dr. Paden and his former wife occupied. Not all of the subjects listed appear to be in the extant slide collection. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 6: Oversized. Maps, posters, a small amount of printed matter, one large photograph, and one large charcoal sketch. Includes maps up to wall size of Nigeria, other nations, and world regions. In addition to basic maps showing cities, states, and regions, series also includes maps illustrating demography, transportation, topography, concentration of religious groups, location of tribal areas, and other specialized information. Includes posters relating to politics, cultural ideals, and university education. A few posters reflect popular culture of the 1970s. Materials range from the 1950s-2000s. Materials are organized by medium, then by subject, and then chronologically.","Series 7: Realia. Includes a percussion instrument called a \"yomkwo,\" or Nigerian raft zither, of the style made by the Birom (Berom) people of the Jos plateau. A yomkwo is a flat instrument made of reeds and grasses with a rattle attached to the back. Also included are eight Qur'an (Koran) boards, made of wood and other natural materials, in the style of the Hausa peoples. Six have Arabic writing on them. One is undecorated. Used for memorization of the Koran, often in conjunction with the drinking ink tradition. Materials are unidentified wood and ink. Paddle-shaped, about 8\"-12\"L x 6\"-8\"W. All realia is undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John N. Paden papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes periodicals, pamphlets, reports, conference proceedings, photographs, maps, printed ephemera, and manuscripts related to Sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on Nigeria, but embracing political and social history, biography, economics, sociology, languages, culture, and religions of the entire region. The role of Islam in the region is an important component. Documents are primarily in English but occasionally in German, French, Arabic, or Hausa."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Paden, John N."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Paden, John N."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1043,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_paden"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Simms, John S. family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Photographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1503.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195782","title_ssm":["John S. Simms Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["John S. Simms Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1870-1948"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1870-1948"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1948"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948"],"text":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948","A\u0026M 3299","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1503","Photographs.","Railroad workers.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Photographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948"],"collection_ssim":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3299","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1503"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3299","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1503"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Simms, John S. family"],"creator_ssim":["Simms, John S. family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographs.","Railroad workers."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographs.","Railroad workers."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.75 Linear Feet 8 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["0.75 Linear Feet 8 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John S. Simms Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3299, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John S. Simms Family Papers, A\u0026M 3299, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6fec6c45b05911f8dc99d65ee13fdb33\"\u003ePhotographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Photographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_607d8472008ae1e04eee358f54712fbd\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Davis family","Simms family"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:36.696Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1503.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195782","title_ssm":["John S. Simms Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["John S. Simms Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1870-1948"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1870-1948"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1948"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948"],"text":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948","A\u0026M 3299","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1503","Photographs.","Railroad workers.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Photographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948"],"collection_ssim":["John S. Simms Family Papers, 1870/1948"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3299","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1503"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3299","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1503"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Simms, John S. family"],"creator_ssim":["Simms, John S. family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographs.","Railroad workers."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographs.","Railroad workers."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.75 Linear Feet 8 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["0.75 Linear Feet 8 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John S. Simms Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3299, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John S. Simms Family Papers, A\u0026M 3299, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6fec6c45b05911f8dc99d65ee13fdb33\"\u003ePhotographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Photographs, ephemera, and genealogy (1658-1996) of the John Samuel Simms family of West Virginia. Ephemera includes a certificate for completion of classes from West Virginia University Department of Mining Extension (1935), a State of West Virginia Department of Mines Certificate for passing a mine foreman exam (1918), a State of West Virginia Elementary School Diploma (1915), a certificate of proficiency from the New River State School for completion of stenography courses (1925), household bills (telephone, furniture, etc.) (ca. 1920s), and a dance card for an event at Luna Park, Charleston, West Virginia (ca. 1920s). Most photographs in the collection are identified with names, dates, and locations. Notable photographs are of railroad workers on the line near Little Elk Creek in Swiss, WV (ca. 1910); a large group of men and women at a dedication of an O.E.S. home (1935); a mail carrier at a home in Jodie, WV (ca. 1900-20); Simms family and friends in front of their West Virginia homes (ca. 1900-20); two photographic portraits of Charles and Minerva Summers Simms (ca. 1870s) in 12\" x 14\" oval wooden frames; and a group portrait of a Charleston, WV Elks Club minstrel production (ca. 1920s)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_607d8472008ae1e04eee358f54712fbd\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Davis family","Simms family"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Simms, John S. family","Davis family","Simms family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:36.696Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1503"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. The collection has been split into two series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_5.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/5","title_ssm":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363)"],"title_tesim":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1941"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941"],"text":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941","MS363","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Churches","George Washington Masonic National Memorial (Alexandria, VA)","Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)","Tidal Basin (Washington, D.C.)","Armories","Ballooning.","Greyhound buses","Historic buildings.","Historic house museums","Hot air balloons.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870.","Masonic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Monuments \u0026 memorials -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Mount Vernon Memorial Highway (Va.)","Old Dominion Boat Club","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945.","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Gelatin silver prints.","Gelatin dry plate negatives.","Lantern slides.","Photographs.","Glass plates are fragile, and paper copies should be used when possible. If necessary, photos and negatives are to be handled with untreated nitrile or latex gloves.","Morris Loeb was a photographer in Alexandria for 55 years on 418 King street. Born Morris Leibowitz in Russia, April 1st 1878, Morris was trained in photography before coming to America with his wife Dora in 1906 and was naturalized in 1914.  Morris worked with the Harris and Ewing photography studio in Washington D.C. before opening his own studio in Alexandria in 1909. He retired in 1864, and died July 31st, 1969 in Harrisburg, PA at the age of 91. He was a member of the Washington Masonic Lodge No. 22, the Alexandria Scottish Rite Temple, a charter member of the Kena Temple Shrine, and a founding member of the Agudas Achim Congregation. He had four children: Eva Cohn, Sara Hamburger, Jennebelle Weinstein, and Joseph Loeb.","The collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. 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(Franklin Delano), 1882-1945.","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Gelatin silver prints.","Gelatin dry plate negatives.","Lantern slides.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Glass plates are fragile, and paper copies should be used when possible. 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Born Morris Leibowitz in Russia, April 1st 1878, Morris was trained in photography before coming to America with his wife Dora in 1906 and was naturalized in 1914.  Morris worked with the Harris and Ewing photography studio in Washington D.C. before opening his own studio in Alexandria in 1909. He retired in 1864, and died July 31st, 1969 in Harrisburg, PA at the age of 91. He was a member of the Washington Masonic Lodge No. 22, the Alexandria Scottish Rite Temple, a charter member of the Kena Temple Shrine, and a founding member of the Agudas Achim Congregation. He had four children: Eva Cohn, Sara Hamburger, Jennebelle Weinstein, and Joseph Loeb.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Morris Loeb was a photographer in Alexandria for 55 years on 418 King street. Born Morris Leibowitz in Russia, April 1st 1878, Morris was trained in photography before coming to America with his wife Dora in 1906 and was naturalized in 1914.  Morris worked with the Harris and Ewing photography studio in Washington D.C. before opening his own studio in Alexandria in 1909. He retired in 1864, and died July 31st, 1969 in Harrisburg, PA at the age of 91. He was a member of the Washington Masonic Lodge No. 22, the Alexandria Scottish Rite Temple, a charter member of the Kena Temple Shrine, and a founding member of the Agudas Achim Congregation. He had four children: Eva Cohn, Sara Hamburger, Jennebelle Weinstein, and Joseph Loeb."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item identification], Loeb Photography Collection, MS363, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[item identification], Loeb Photography Collection, MS363, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. The collection has been split into two series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. The collection has been split into two series."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":328,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_5.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/5","title_ssm":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363)"],"title_tesim":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1941"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941"],"text":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941","MS363","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Churches","George Washington Masonic National Memorial (Alexandria, VA)","Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)","Tidal Basin (Washington, D.C.)","Armories","Ballooning.","Greyhound buses","Historic buildings.","Historic house museums","Hot air balloons.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870.","Masonic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Monuments \u0026 memorials -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Mount Vernon Memorial Highway (Va.)","Old Dominion Boat Club","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945.","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Gelatin silver prints.","Gelatin dry plate negatives.","Lantern slides.","Photographs.","Glass plates are fragile, and paper copies should be used when possible. If necessary, photos and negatives are to be handled with untreated nitrile or latex gloves.","Morris Loeb was a photographer in Alexandria for 55 years on 418 King street. Born Morris Leibowitz in Russia, April 1st 1878, Morris was trained in photography before coming to America with his wife Dora in 1906 and was naturalized in 1914.  Morris worked with the Harris and Ewing photography studio in Washington D.C. before opening his own studio in Alexandria in 1909. He retired in 1864, and died July 31st, 1969 in Harrisburg, PA at the age of 91. He was a member of the Washington Masonic Lodge No. 22, the Alexandria Scottish Rite Temple, a charter member of the Kena Temple Shrine, and a founding member of the Agudas Achim Congregation. He had four children: Eva Cohn, Sara Hamburger, Jennebelle Weinstein, and Joseph Loeb.","The collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. The collection has been split into two series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941"],"collection_ssim":["Loeb Photography Collection (MS363), 1888/1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS363"],"unitid_tesim":["MS363"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Churches","George Washington Masonic National Memorial (Alexandria, VA)","Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)","Tidal Basin (Washington, D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Churches","George Washington Masonic National Memorial (Alexandria, VA)","Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)","Tidal Basin (Washington, D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Churches","George Washington Masonic National Memorial (Alexandria, VA)","Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)","Tidal Basin (Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"creator_ssim":["Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"creators_ssim":["Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Armories","Ballooning.","Greyhound buses","Historic buildings.","Historic house museums","Hot air balloons.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870.","Masonic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Monuments \u0026 memorials -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Mount Vernon Memorial Highway (Va.)","Old Dominion Boat Club","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945.","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Gelatin silver prints.","Gelatin dry plate negatives.","Lantern slides.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Armories","Ballooning.","Greyhound buses","Historic buildings.","Historic house museums","Hot air balloons.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870.","Masonic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Monuments \u0026 memorials -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- 1920-1930","Mount Vernon Memorial Highway (Va.)","Old Dominion Boat Club","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945.","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Gelatin silver prints.","Gelatin dry plate negatives.","Lantern slides.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Glass plates are fragile, and paper copies should be used when possible. If necessary, photos and negatives are to be handled with untreated nitrile or latex gloves."],"extent_ssm":["3.05 Linear Feet 8 boxes, 320 folders"],"extent_tesim":["3.05 Linear Feet 8 boxes, 320 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Gelatin silver prints.","Gelatin dry plate negatives.","Lantern slides.","Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMorris Loeb was a photographer in Alexandria for 55 years on 418 King street. Born Morris Leibowitz in Russia, April 1st 1878, Morris was trained in photography before coming to America with his wife Dora in 1906 and was naturalized in 1914.  Morris worked with the Harris and Ewing photography studio in Washington D.C. before opening his own studio in Alexandria in 1909. He retired in 1864, and died July 31st, 1969 in Harrisburg, PA at the age of 91. He was a member of the Washington Masonic Lodge No. 22, the Alexandria Scottish Rite Temple, a charter member of the Kena Temple Shrine, and a founding member of the Agudas Achim Congregation. He had four children: Eva Cohn, Sara Hamburger, Jennebelle Weinstein, and Joseph Loeb.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Morris Loeb was a photographer in Alexandria for 55 years on 418 King street. Born Morris Leibowitz in Russia, April 1st 1878, Morris was trained in photography before coming to America with his wife Dora in 1906 and was naturalized in 1914.  Morris worked with the Harris and Ewing photography studio in Washington D.C. before opening his own studio in Alexandria in 1909. He retired in 1864, and died July 31st, 1969 in Harrisburg, PA at the age of 91. He was a member of the Washington Masonic Lodge No. 22, the Alexandria Scottish Rite Temple, a charter member of the Kena Temple Shrine, and a founding member of the Agudas Achim Congregation. He had four children: Eva Cohn, Sara Hamburger, Jennebelle Weinstein, and Joseph Loeb."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item identification], Loeb Photography Collection, MS363, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[item identification], Loeb Photography Collection, MS363, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. The collection has been split into two series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains photographs and negatives predominantly of historic Alexandria buildings and civic life from the 1910's to the 1940's. A small number of prints are from the late 19th century. The collection is made up of black and white prints and acetate negatives, with a small number of glass plate negatives and glass lantern slides. The collection has been split into two series."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":328,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_5"}},{"id":"vi_vi03861","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03861#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03861#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925, consist of 97 letters and postcards that were part of several cubic feet of papers left in the old Lunenburg courthouse by former Lunenburg County Clerk John L. Yates. The majority of the letters were written by Vladimir Sournin and document his relationship with Lura Royall and allude to their possible marriage. Sournin's letters document his chess career, his work with the United States Geological Survey as a cartographer, and his singing career. Sournin also discusses conducting a survey in the Panama Canal Zone and his subsequent lectures about the canal in the U.S. and Europe. One letter, dated March 1915, briefly mentions World War I. Information about Lura Royall's family and social life in Lunenburg County and Washington, D.C., can also be uncovered in the correspondence. Also included in the correspondence are copies of letters sent to Vladimir Sournin from photographer Joseph K. Dixon. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03861#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03861","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03861","_root_":"vi_vi03861","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03861","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03861.xml","title_ssm":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"title_tesim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"text":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925","1199407","Canals--Panama.","Cartography.","Chess.","Love-letters.","Panama Canal (Panama).","Correspondence.","Photographs.","Postcards.",".45 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.","Arranged chronologically.","Vladimir Sournin was born in 1875 into a military family in Mstislavl, Russia. In St. Petersburg, Russia, he became an expert chess player, sharpening his game under a world champion. While continuing his education in Paris, he became enamored of the American cause during the Spanish-American War and volunteered for the U.S. Army infantry. Afterwards he stayed in Washington, D.C., and began a career with the U.S. Geological Survey as a cartographer, eventually being recognized as one of the country's best draftsmen. He completed a well regarded survey of the Panama Canal Zone, then under construction, and was awarded a presidential medal for his work there.","After World War I, Sournin collaborated with General John J. \"Black Jack\" Pershing, leader of the American Expeditionary Force in The Great War, to create a map identifying Native Americans' contributions to the war effort. Famed American Indian photographer Joseph K. Dixon personally supervised the map project and department store magnate Rodman Wannamaker funded the effort.","Sournin made his mark in the American chess community. Considered to be a near-master player, he defeated a reigning world champion in 1908 and was a five-time Washington, D. C., Capital City Chess Club champion in the 1920s and 1930s.","Sournin also began a singing career in the 1920s as \"Vladimir Sournin, The Russian Baritone.\" He died in 1942 in Baltimore and is buried in Baltimore National Cemetery. He is still known in chess circles for his skills, and his matches are still studied.","Born in Lunenburg County, Virginia, in 1879, Lura Royall had a 21-year teaching career in Lunenburg County until she was forced to retire in 1924 after contracting tuberculosis. Royall died in 1980 at the age of 101 and is buried in the Tussekiah Baptist Church Cemetery in Lunenburg County.","The relationship between Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin began in 1889 when he was in his early twenties and she was 19. The two carried on correspondence until 1925. Neither ever married.","The Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925, consist of 97 letters and postcards that were part of several cubic feet of papers left in the old Lunenburg courthouse by former Lunenburg County Clerk John L. Yates. The majority of the letters were written by Vladimir Sournin and document his relationship with Lura Royall and allude to their possible marriage. Sournin's letters document his chess career, his work with the United States Geological Survey as a cartographer, and his singing career. Sournin also discusses conducting a survey in the Panama Canal Zone and his subsequent lectures about the canal in the U.S. and Europe. One letter, dated March 1915, briefly mentions World War I. Information about Lura Royall's family and social life in Lunenburg County and Washington, D.C., can also be uncovered in the correspondence. Also included in the correspondence are copies of letters sent to Vladimir Sournin from photographer Joseph K. Dixon.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Royall, Lura (1879-1980).","Sournin, Vladimir (1875-1942).","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"collection_ssim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1199407"],"unitid_tesim":["1199407"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_ssim":["Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Royall, Lura (1879-1980).","Sournin, Vladimir (1875-1942)."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creators_ssim":["Royall, Lura (1879-1980).","Sournin, Vladimir (1875-1942).","Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Lunenburg County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Canals--Panama.","Cartography.","Chess.","Love-letters.","Panama Canal (Panama).","Correspondence.","Photographs.","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Canals--Panama.","Cartography.","Chess.","Love-letters.","Panama Canal (Panama).","Correspondence.","Photographs.","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVladimir Sournin was born in 1875 into a military family in Mstislavl, Russia. In St. Petersburg, Russia, he became an expert chess player, sharpening his game under a world champion. While continuing his education in Paris, he became enamored of the American cause during the Spanish-American War and volunteered for the U.S. Army infantry. Afterwards he stayed in Washington, D.C., and began a career with the U.S. Geological Survey as a cartographer, eventually being recognized as one of the country's best draftsmen. He completed a well regarded survey of the Panama Canal Zone, then under construction, and was awarded a presidential medal for his work there.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAfter World War I, Sournin collaborated with General John J. \"Black Jack\" Pershing, leader of the American Expeditionary Force in The Great War, to create a map identifying Native Americans' contributions to the war effort. Famed American Indian photographer Joseph K. Dixon personally supervised the map project and department store magnate Rodman Wannamaker funded the effort. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSournin made his mark in the American chess community. Considered to be a near-master player, he defeated a reigning world champion in 1908 and was a five-time Washington, D. C., Capital City Chess Club champion in the 1920s and 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSournin also began a singing career in the 1920s as \"Vladimir Sournin, The Russian Baritone.\" He died in 1942 in Baltimore and is buried in Baltimore National Cemetery. He is still known in chess circles for his skills, and his matches are still studied.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Lunenburg County, Virginia, in 1879, Lura Royall had a 21-year teaching career in Lunenburg County until she was forced to retire in 1924 after contracting tuberculosis. Royall died in 1980 at the age of 101 and is buried in the Tussekiah Baptist Church Cemetery in Lunenburg County.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe relationship between Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin began in 1889 when he was in his early twenties and she was 19. The two carried on correspondence until 1925. Neither ever married.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Vladimir Sournin was born in 1875 into a military family in Mstislavl, Russia. In St. Petersburg, Russia, he became an expert chess player, sharpening his game under a world champion. While continuing his education in Paris, he became enamored of the American cause during the Spanish-American War and volunteered for the U.S. Army infantry. Afterwards he stayed in Washington, D.C., and began a career with the U.S. Geological Survey as a cartographer, eventually being recognized as one of the country's best draftsmen. He completed a well regarded survey of the Panama Canal Zone, then under construction, and was awarded a presidential medal for his work there.","After World War I, Sournin collaborated with General John J. \"Black Jack\" Pershing, leader of the American Expeditionary Force in The Great War, to create a map identifying Native Americans' contributions to the war effort. Famed American Indian photographer Joseph K. Dixon personally supervised the map project and department store magnate Rodman Wannamaker funded the effort.","Sournin made his mark in the American chess community. Considered to be a near-master player, he defeated a reigning world champion in 1908 and was a five-time Washington, D. C., Capital City Chess Club champion in the 1920s and 1930s.","Sournin also began a singing career in the 1920s as \"Vladimir Sournin, The Russian Baritone.\" He died in 1942 in Baltimore and is buried in Baltimore National Cemetery. He is still known in chess circles for his skills, and his matches are still studied.","Born in Lunenburg County, Virginia, in 1879, Lura Royall had a 21-year teaching career in Lunenburg County until she was forced to retire in 1924 after contracting tuberculosis. Royall died in 1980 at the age of 101 and is buried in the Tussekiah Baptist Church Cemetery in Lunenburg County.","The relationship between Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin began in 1889 when he was in his early twenties and she was 19. The two carried on correspondence until 1925. Neither ever married."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, Lunenburg County (Va.) Clerk's Records, 1904-1925. Local government records collection, Lunenburg County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, Lunenburg County (Va.) Clerk's Records, 1904-1925. Local government records collection, Lunenburg County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925, consist of 97 letters and postcards that were part of several cubic feet of papers left in the old Lunenburg courthouse by former Lunenburg County Clerk John L. Yates. The majority of the letters were written by Vladimir Sournin and document his relationship with Lura Royall and allude to their possible marriage. Sournin's letters document his chess career, his work with the United States Geological Survey as a cartographer, and his singing career. Sournin also discusses conducting a survey in the Panama Canal Zone and his subsequent lectures about the canal in the U.S. and Europe. One letter, dated March 1915, briefly mentions World War I. Information about Lura Royall's family and social life in Lunenburg County and Washington, D.C., can also be uncovered in the correspondence. Also included in the correspondence are copies of letters sent to Vladimir Sournin from photographer Joseph K. Dixon.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925, consist of 97 letters and postcards that were part of several cubic feet of papers left in the old Lunenburg courthouse by former Lunenburg County Clerk John L. Yates. The majority of the letters were written by Vladimir Sournin and document his relationship with Lura Royall and allude to their possible marriage. Sournin's letters document his chess career, his work with the United States Geological Survey as a cartographer, and his singing career. Sournin also discusses conducting a survey in the Panama Canal Zone and his subsequent lectures about the canal in the U.S. and Europe. One letter, dated March 1915, briefly mentions World War I. Information about Lura Royall's family and social life in Lunenburg County and Washington, D.C., can also be uncovered in the correspondence. Also included in the correspondence are copies of letters sent to Vladimir Sournin from photographer Joseph K. Dixon."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"persname_ssim":["Royall, Lura (1879-1980).","Sournin, Vladimir (1875-1942)."],"names_ssim":["Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Royall, Lura (1879-1980).","Sournin, Vladimir (1875-1942)."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:26:10.758Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03861","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03861","_root_":"vi_vi03861","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03861","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03861.xml","title_ssm":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"title_tesim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"text":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925","1199407","Canals--Panama.","Cartography.","Chess.","Love-letters.","Panama Canal (Panama).","Correspondence.","Photographs.","Postcards.",".45 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.","Arranged chronologically.","Vladimir Sournin was born in 1875 into a military family in Mstislavl, Russia. In St. Petersburg, Russia, he became an expert chess player, sharpening his game under a world champion. While continuing his education in Paris, he became enamored of the American cause during the Spanish-American War and volunteered for the U.S. Army infantry. Afterwards he stayed in Washington, D.C., and began a career with the U.S. Geological Survey as a cartographer, eventually being recognized as one of the country's best draftsmen. He completed a well regarded survey of the Panama Canal Zone, then under construction, and was awarded a presidential medal for his work there.","After World War I, Sournin collaborated with General John J. \"Black Jack\" Pershing, leader of the American Expeditionary Force in The Great War, to create a map identifying Native Americans' contributions to the war effort. Famed American Indian photographer Joseph K. Dixon personally supervised the map project and department store magnate Rodman Wannamaker funded the effort.","Sournin made his mark in the American chess community. Considered to be a near-master player, he defeated a reigning world champion in 1908 and was a five-time Washington, D. C., Capital City Chess Club champion in the 1920s and 1930s.","Sournin also began a singing career in the 1920s as \"Vladimir Sournin, The Russian Baritone.\" He died in 1942 in Baltimore and is buried in Baltimore National Cemetery. He is still known in chess circles for his skills, and his matches are still studied.","Born in Lunenburg County, Virginia, in 1879, Lura Royall had a 21-year teaching career in Lunenburg County until she was forced to retire in 1924 after contracting tuberculosis. Royall died in 1980 at the age of 101 and is buried in the Tussekiah Baptist Church Cemetery in Lunenburg County.","The relationship between Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin began in 1889 when he was in his early twenties and she was 19. The two carried on correspondence until 1925. Neither ever married.","The Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925, consist of 97 letters and postcards that were part of several cubic feet of papers left in the old Lunenburg courthouse by former Lunenburg County Clerk John L. Yates. The majority of the letters were written by Vladimir Sournin and document his relationship with Lura Royall and allude to their possible marriage. Sournin's letters document his chess career, his work with the United States Geological Survey as a cartographer, and his singing career. Sournin also discusses conducting a survey in the Panama Canal Zone and his subsequent lectures about the canal in the U.S. and Europe. One letter, dated March 1915, briefly mentions World War I. Information about Lura Royall's family and social life in Lunenburg County and Washington, D.C., can also be uncovered in the correspondence. Also included in the correspondence are copies of letters sent to Vladimir Sournin from photographer Joseph K. Dixon.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Royall, Lura (1879-1980).","Sournin, Vladimir (1875-1942).","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"collection_ssim":["Lura Royall and Vladimir Sournin Correspondence, 1904-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1199407"],"unitid_tesim":["1199407"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Lunenburg County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_ssim":["Lunenburg County (Va.) 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