{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":1,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_540.xml","title_ssm":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"title_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1894"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540"],"text":["C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540","\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs","Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","There are no access restrictions.","This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here:  .","This is a single folder collection.","Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. ","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. 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There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in March 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 4 lithographs"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 4 lithographs"],"date_range_isim":[1894],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"La Navarraise opera scene and costume lithographs\" href=\"https://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~59~59\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here:  ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAshman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIves, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026amp; Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. ","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Cavalleria rusticana' opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0472\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01ca8b4ded70b054185c62fdfaad59cd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f789dac0e1e9cd14abce32825067d600\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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(Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:27:17.368Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_540.xml","title_ssm":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"title_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1894"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540"],"text":["C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540","\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs","Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","There are no access restrictions.","This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here:  .","This is a single folder collection.","Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. ","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. 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Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. ","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Cavalleria rusticana' opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0472\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01ca8b4ded70b054185c62fdfaad59cd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f789dac0e1e9cd14abce32825067d600\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"names_coll_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"persname_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:27:17.368Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":1},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs","value":"\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22La+Navarraise%22+opera+scene+and+costume+lithographs\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1894","value":"1894","hits":1},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","value":"Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Heugel+%26+Cie%2C+Editeurs\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1894\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University. 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