{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Musical+Theater\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Musical+Theater\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":8,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Friedman-Abeles (Firm)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_534.xml","title_ssm":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm"],"title_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm"],"unitdate_ssm":["September 29, 1959."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["September 29, 1959."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0466","/repositories/2/resources/534"],"text":["C0466","/repositories/2/resources/534","Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm","Musical Theater","Photography","Theater","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Friedman-Abeles photograph collection.\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/friedman-abeles-photograph-collection#/?tab=about\u0026scroll=20.","Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Hal Prince, Robert E. Griffith, Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins during rehearsal for the stage production West Side Story\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c.","Internet Broadway Database. \"West Side Story.\" The Broadway League. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/west-side-story-2639#ProductionStaff.","Schwarm, Betsy. \"West Side Story.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/West-Side-Story.","\"West Side Story\" is a musical that premiered on Broadway on September 26, 1957, with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondeheim, respectively. It was conceived of, directed, and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. It was also produced by Harold Prince and Robert E. Griffith. The musical, set on the West Side of New York City, was inspired by Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet.\" Two rival gangs - the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks - battle for neighborhood dominance while star-crossed lovers from each side, Tony and Maria, fall in love. The musical was a critical and commercial success, and was subsequently adapted into two separate films. \"West Side Story\" endures as a musical classic and has been revived multiple times on Broadway since its inception.","Friedman-Abeles was a large photography firm in New York City, NY. Founded on the partnership of Leo and Sy Friedman and Joseph Ables, the firm was regularly tasked with photographing Broadway productions and was most successful from the 1950s - 1970s. Friedman-Ables photographed the behind-the-scenes process, as well as official photos, of the original \"West Side Story\" production.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections containing items related to \"West Side Story,\" and musical theatre in general, including the  , the  , and the  .","The New York Public Library's Billy Rose Theatre Division holds a copy of this photograph, as well as others in the same series, which can be viewed  .","Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by the Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959, the year of the musical's first U.S. Tour. The photo was originally taken in 1957, during the musical's production. From left to right are: Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Harold Prince, Robert E. Griffith (seated), Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins. All men had successful careers in the performing arts field. Taped to the verso is an October 4, 1959 news clipping with information about the Chicago premiere of \"West Side Story\" and the names of the photograph's subjects. It is also stamped with the photography firm's information and pertinent dates.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Friedman-Abeles (Firm)","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990","Griffith, Robert E.","Laurents, Arthur","Prince, Harold, 1928-2019","Robbins, Jerome","Sondheim, Stephen","English \n.    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Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber in July 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Musical Theater","Photography","Theater"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Musical Theater","Photography","Theater"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"date_range_isim":[1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBilly Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Friedman-Abeles photograph collection.\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/friedman-abeles-photograph-collection#/?tab=about\u0026amp;scroll=20.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBilly Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Hal Prince, Robert E. Griffith, Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins during rehearsal for the stage production West Side Story\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eInternet Broadway Database. \"West Side Story.\" The Broadway League. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/west-side-story-2639#ProductionStaff.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSchwarm, Betsy. \"West Side Story.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/West-Side-Story.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Friedman-Abeles photograph collection.\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/friedman-abeles-photograph-collection#/?tab=about\u0026scroll=20.","Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Hal Prince, Robert E. Griffith, Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins during rehearsal for the stage production West Side Story\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c.","Internet Broadway Database. \"West Side Story.\" The Broadway League. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/west-side-story-2639#ProductionStaff.","Schwarm, Betsy. \"West Side Story.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/West-Side-Story."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"West Side Story\" is a musical that premiered on Broadway on September 26, 1957, with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondeheim, respectively. It was conceived of, directed, and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. It was also produced by Harold Prince and Robert E. Griffith. The musical, set on the West Side of New York City, was inspired by Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet.\" Two rival gangs - the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks - battle for neighborhood dominance while star-crossed lovers from each side, Tony and Maria, fall in love. The musical was a critical and commercial success, and was subsequently adapted into two separate films. \"West Side Story\" endures as a musical classic and has been revived multiple times on Broadway since its inception.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFriedman-Abeles was a large photography firm in New York City, NY. Founded on the partnership of Leo and Sy Friedman and Joseph Ables, the firm was regularly tasked with photographing Broadway productions and was most successful from the 1950s - 1970s. Friedman-Ables photographed the behind-the-scenes process, as well as official photos, of the original \"West Side Story\" production.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"West Side Story\" is a musical that premiered on Broadway on September 26, 1957, with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondeheim, respectively. It was conceived of, directed, and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. It was also produced by Harold Prince and Robert E. Griffith. The musical, set on the West Side of New York City, was inspired by Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet.\" Two rival gangs - the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks - battle for neighborhood dominance while star-crossed lovers from each side, Tony and Maria, fall in love. The musical was a critical and commercial success, and was subsequently adapted into two separate films. \"West Side Story\" endures as a musical classic and has been revived multiple times on Broadway since its inception.","Friedman-Abeles was a large photography firm in New York City, NY. Founded on the partnership of Leo and Sy Friedman and Joseph Ables, the firm was regularly tasked with photographing Broadway productions and was most successful from the 1950s - 1970s. Friedman-Ables photographed the behind-the-scenes process, as well as official photos, of the original \"West Side Story\" production."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, C0466, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, C0466, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections containing items related to \"West Side Story,\" and musical theatre in general, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/111\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Nelson playbills collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/571\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Charles Rodrigues playbill collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/113\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library's Billy Rose Theatre Division holds a copy of this photograph, as well as others in the same series, which can be viewed \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here\" href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections containing items related to \"West Side Story,\" and musical theatre in general, including the  , the  , and the  .","The New York Public Library's Billy Rose Theatre Division holds a copy of this photograph, as well as others in the same series, which can be viewed  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by the Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959, the year of the musical's first U.S. Tour. The photo was originally taken in 1957, during the musical's production. From left to right are: Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Harold Prince, Robert E. Griffith (seated), Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins. All men had successful careers in the performing arts field. Taped to the verso is an October 4, 1959 news clipping with information about the Chicago premiere of \"West Side Story\" and the names of the photograph's subjects. It is also stamped with the photography firm's information and pertinent dates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by the Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959, the year of the musical's first U.S. Tour. The photo was originally taken in 1957, during the musical's production. From left to right are: Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Harold Prince, Robert E. Griffith (seated), Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins. All men had successful careers in the performing arts field. Taped to the verso is an October 4, 1959 news clipping with information about the Chicago premiere of \"West Side Story\" and the names of the photograph's subjects. It is also stamped with the photography firm's information and pertinent dates."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_17f46ee49bdc9ef188bc8ece5e472cf9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlack and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0861e172f8c0c799bdb692c60024fa50\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:35:24.911Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_534.xml","title_ssm":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm"],"title_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm"],"unitdate_ssm":["September 29, 1959."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["September 29, 1959."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0466","/repositories/2/resources/534"],"text":["C0466","/repositories/2/resources/534","Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm","Musical Theater","Photography","Theater","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Friedman-Abeles photograph collection.\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/friedman-abeles-photograph-collection#/?tab=about\u0026scroll=20.","Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Hal Prince, Robert E. Griffith, Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins during rehearsal for the stage production West Side Story\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c.","Internet Broadway Database. \"West Side Story.\" The Broadway League. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/west-side-story-2639#ProductionStaff.","Schwarm, Betsy. \"West Side Story.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/West-Side-Story.","\"West Side Story\" is a musical that premiered on Broadway on September 26, 1957, with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondeheim, respectively. It was conceived of, directed, and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. It was also produced by Harold Prince and Robert E. Griffith. The musical, set on the West Side of New York City, was inspired by Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet.\" Two rival gangs - the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks - battle for neighborhood dominance while star-crossed lovers from each side, Tony and Maria, fall in love. The musical was a critical and commercial success, and was subsequently adapted into two separate films. \"West Side Story\" endures as a musical classic and has been revived multiple times on Broadway since its inception.","Friedman-Abeles was a large photography firm in New York City, NY. Founded on the partnership of Leo and Sy Friedman and Joseph Ables, the firm was regularly tasked with photographing Broadway productions and was most successful from the 1950s - 1970s. Friedman-Ables photographed the behind-the-scenes process, as well as official photos, of the original \"West Side Story\" production.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections containing items related to \"West Side Story,\" and musical theatre in general, including the  , the  , and the  .","The New York Public Library's Billy Rose Theatre Division holds a copy of this photograph, as well as others in the same series, which can be viewed  .","Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by the Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959, the year of the musical's first U.S. Tour. The photo was originally taken in 1957, during the musical's production. From left to right are: Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Harold Prince, Robert E. Griffith (seated), Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins. All men had successful careers in the performing arts field. Taped to the verso is an October 4, 1959 news clipping with information about the Chicago premiere of \"West Side Story\" and the names of the photograph's subjects. It is also stamped with the photography firm's information and pertinent dates.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Friedman-Abeles (Firm)","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990","Griffith, Robert E.","Laurents, Arthur","Prince, Harold, 1928-2019","Robbins, Jerome","Sondheim, Stephen","English \n.    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Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber in July 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Musical Theater","Photography","Theater"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Musical Theater","Photography","Theater"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 photograph"],"date_range_isim":[1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBilly Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Friedman-Abeles photograph collection.\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/friedman-abeles-photograph-collection#/?tab=about\u0026amp;scroll=20.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBilly Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Hal Prince, Robert E. Griffith, Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins during rehearsal for the stage production West Side Story\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eInternet Broadway Database. \"West Side Story.\" The Broadway League. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/west-side-story-2639#ProductionStaff.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSchwarm, Betsy. \"West Side Story.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/West-Side-Story.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Friedman-Abeles photograph collection.\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/friedman-abeles-photograph-collection#/?tab=about\u0026scroll=20.","Billy Rose Theatre Division, The New York Public Library. \"Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Hal Prince, Robert E. Griffith, Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins during rehearsal for the stage production West Side Story\" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c.","Internet Broadway Database. \"West Side Story.\" The Broadway League. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/west-side-story-2639#ProductionStaff.","Schwarm, Betsy. \"West Side Story.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/West-Side-Story."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"West Side Story\" is a musical that premiered on Broadway on September 26, 1957, with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondeheim, respectively. It was conceived of, directed, and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. It was also produced by Harold Prince and Robert E. Griffith. The musical, set on the West Side of New York City, was inspired by Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet.\" Two rival gangs - the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks - battle for neighborhood dominance while star-crossed lovers from each side, Tony and Maria, fall in love. The musical was a critical and commercial success, and was subsequently adapted into two separate films. \"West Side Story\" endures as a musical classic and has been revived multiple times on Broadway since its inception.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFriedman-Abeles was a large photography firm in New York City, NY. Founded on the partnership of Leo and Sy Friedman and Joseph Ables, the firm was regularly tasked with photographing Broadway productions and was most successful from the 1950s - 1970s. Friedman-Ables photographed the behind-the-scenes process, as well as official photos, of the original \"West Side Story\" production.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"West Side Story\" is a musical that premiered on Broadway on September 26, 1957, with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondeheim, respectively. It was conceived of, directed, and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. It was also produced by Harold Prince and Robert E. Griffith. The musical, set on the West Side of New York City, was inspired by Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet.\" Two rival gangs - the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks - battle for neighborhood dominance while star-crossed lovers from each side, Tony and Maria, fall in love. The musical was a critical and commercial success, and was subsequently adapted into two separate films. \"West Side Story\" endures as a musical classic and has been revived multiple times on Broadway since its inception.","Friedman-Abeles was a large photography firm in New York City, NY. Founded on the partnership of Leo and Sy Friedman and Joseph Ables, the firm was regularly tasked with photographing Broadway productions and was most successful from the 1950s - 1970s. Friedman-Ables photographed the behind-the-scenes process, as well as official photos, of the original \"West Side Story\" production."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, C0466, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, C0466, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in January 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections containing items related to \"West Side Story,\" and musical theatre in general, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/111\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Nelson playbills collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/571\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Charles Rodrigues playbill collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/113\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library's Billy Rose Theatre Division holds a copy of this photograph, as well as others in the same series, which can be viewed \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here\" href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/de6f38c0-8357-0134-1212-00505686a51c\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections containing items related to \"West Side Story,\" and musical theatre in general, including the  , the  , and the  .","The New York Public Library's Billy Rose Theatre Division holds a copy of this photograph, as well as others in the same series, which can be viewed  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by the Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959, the year of the musical's first U.S. Tour. The photo was originally taken in 1957, during the musical's production. From left to right are: Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Harold Prince, Robert E. Griffith (seated), Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins. All men had successful careers in the performing arts field. Taped to the verso is an October 4, 1959 news clipping with information about the Chicago premiere of \"West Side Story\" and the names of the photograph's subjects. It is also stamped with the photography firm's information and pertinent dates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by the Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959, the year of the musical's first U.S. Tour. The photo was originally taken in 1957, during the musical's production. From left to right are: Stephen Sondheim, Arthur Laurents, Harold Prince, Robert E. Griffith (seated), Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins. All men had successful careers in the performing arts field. Taped to the verso is an October 4, 1959 news clipping with information about the Chicago premiere of \"West Side Story\" and the names of the photograph's subjects. It is also stamped with the photography firm's information and pertinent dates."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish the Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_17f46ee49bdc9ef188bc8ece5e472cf9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBlack and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Black and white photograph of prominent members of the original \"West Side Story\" production team by Friedman-Abeles photography firm, printed September 29, 1959."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0861e172f8c0c799bdb692c60024fa50\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Friedman-Abeles (Firm)","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990","Griffith, Robert E.","Laurents, Arthur","Prince, Harold, 1928-2019","Robbins, Jerome","Sondheim, Stephen"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Friedman-Abeles (Firm)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990","Griffith, Robert E.","Laurents, Arthur","Prince, Harold, 1928-2019","Robbins, Jerome","Sondheim, Stephen"],"persname_ssim":["Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990","Griffith, Robert E.","Laurents, Arthur","Prince, Harold, 1928-2019","Robbins, Jerome","Sondheim, Stephen"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:35:24.911Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_534"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_111.xml","title_ssm":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0182","/repositories/2/resources/111"],"text":["C0182","/repositories/2/resources/111","Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Musical Theater","Theater programs","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Performing arts","Theater","Theater -- United States","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by production title.","\"Broadway History.\" Spotlight on Broadway. https://www.spotlightonbroadway.com/broadway-history. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"The Golden Age of Broadway.\" Digital Public Library of America. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-golden-age-of-broadway. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"Timeline - 100 Years of Musical Theater - 1943-1959: Golden Age.\" PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/timelines/1943-1959/. Accessed April 17, 2020.","The Theater District of New York City, known as Broadway after the main thoroughfare where over forty theatres make their home, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. First known as the Great White Way due to its dazzling use of lights on marquees, Broadway is synonymous with the best live theatre has to offer. The Golden Age of Broadway occurred between 1943 and 1959, when the theatre-scene exploded with the advent of a new form of musical, popularized by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein III in \"Oklahoma!\" What followed were some of the most popular, successful, and enduring musicals in American history. In addition to Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers and lyricists like Leonard Bernstein, Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe, Stephen Sondheim, Irving Berlin, and Cole Porter found great success during these years with a variety of shows and collaboration with one another. Though new plays and musicals continued to churn out during the 1960s and 1970s, Broadway suffered a creative and financial slump during this time, only to be revitalized in the mid to late 1980s by the likes of Andrew Lloyd Webber, producer Cameron Mackintosh, and Stephen Sondheim.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in 2010. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in April 2020.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other playbill and theatre-related collections.","This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. Instead of the traditional free playbill which is handed out upon entrance of the theatre, souvenir programs tend to be purchased at show concession stands, and are of higher quality, have color photography, and are intended to last as a souvenir of the theatrical experience. This collection contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, revivals, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows. It also contains a few film souvenir programs.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows.","R43, C5, S1 - S7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0182","/repositories/2/resources/111"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"collection_ssim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The donor is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Musical Theater","Theater programs","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Performing arts","Theater","Theater -- United States","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Musical Theater","Theater programs","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Performing arts","Theater","Theater -- United States","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.75 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.75 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by production title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by production title."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Broadway History.\" Spotlight on Broadway. https://www.spotlightonbroadway.com/broadway-history. Accessed April 17, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Golden Age of Broadway.\" Digital Public Library of America. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-golden-age-of-broadway. Accessed April 17, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Timeline - 100 Years of Musical Theater - 1943-1959: Golden Age.\" PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/timelines/1943-1959/. Accessed April 17, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Broadway History.\" Spotlight on Broadway. https://www.spotlightonbroadway.com/broadway-history. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"The Golden Age of Broadway.\" Digital Public Library of America. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-golden-age-of-broadway. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"Timeline - 100 Years of Musical Theater - 1943-1959: Golden Age.\" PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/timelines/1943-1959/. Accessed April 17, 2020."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Theater District of New York City, known as Broadway after the main thoroughfare where over forty theatres make their home, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. First known as the Great White Way due to its dazzling use of lights on marquees, Broadway is synonymous with the best live theatre has to offer. The Golden Age of Broadway occurred between 1943 and 1959, when the theatre-scene exploded with the advent of a new form of musical, popularized by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein III in \"Oklahoma!\" What followed were some of the most popular, successful, and enduring musicals in American history. In addition to Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers and lyricists like Leonard Bernstein, Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe, Stephen Sondheim, Irving Berlin, and Cole Porter found great success during these years with a variety of shows and collaboration with one another. Though new plays and musicals continued to churn out during the 1960s and 1970s, Broadway suffered a creative and financial slump during this time, only to be revitalized in the mid to late 1980s by the likes of Andrew Lloyd Webber, producer Cameron Mackintosh, and Stephen Sondheim.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Theater District of New York City, known as Broadway after the main thoroughfare where over forty theatres make their home, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. First known as the Great White Way due to its dazzling use of lights on marquees, Broadway is synonymous with the best live theatre has to offer. The Golden Age of Broadway occurred between 1943 and 1959, when the theatre-scene exploded with the advent of a new form of musical, popularized by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein III in \"Oklahoma!\" What followed were some of the most popular, successful, and enduring musicals in American history. In addition to Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers and lyricists like Leonard Bernstein, Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe, Stephen Sondheim, Irving Berlin, and Cole Porter found great success during these years with a variety of shows and collaboration with one another. Though new plays and musicals continued to churn out during the 1960s and 1970s, Broadway suffered a creative and financial slump during this time, only to be revitalized in the mid to late 1980s by the likes of Andrew Lloyd Webber, producer Cameron Mackintosh, and Stephen Sondheim."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBroadway souvenir theatre programs collection, C0182, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection, C0182, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in 2010. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in April 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in 2010. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in April 2020."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other playbill and theatre-related collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other playbill and theatre-related collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. Instead of the traditional free playbill which is handed out upon entrance of the theatre, souvenir programs tend to be purchased at show concession stands, and are of higher quality, have color photography, and are intended to last as a souvenir of the theatrical experience. This collection contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, revivals, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows. It also contains a few film souvenir programs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. Instead of the traditional free playbill which is handed out upon entrance of the theatre, souvenir programs tend to be purchased at show concession stands, and are of higher quality, have color photography, and are intended to last as a souvenir of the theatrical experience. This collection contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, revivals, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows. It also contains a few film souvenir programs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bee07ba592a9093c395e24c430464c9f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_50e2d6e41029baee7b2391636d5da92a\"\u003eR43, C5, S1 - S7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R43, C5, S1 - S7"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":164,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:21:35.788Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_111.xml","title_ssm":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0182","/repositories/2/resources/111"],"text":["C0182","/repositories/2/resources/111","Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Musical Theater","Theater programs","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Performing arts","Theater","Theater -- United States","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by production title.","\"Broadway History.\" Spotlight on Broadway. https://www.spotlightonbroadway.com/broadway-history. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"The Golden Age of Broadway.\" Digital Public Library of America. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-golden-age-of-broadway. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"Timeline - 100 Years of Musical Theater - 1943-1959: Golden Age.\" PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/timelines/1943-1959/. Accessed April 17, 2020.","The Theater District of New York City, known as Broadway after the main thoroughfare where over forty theatres make their home, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. First known as the Great White Way due to its dazzling use of lights on marquees, Broadway is synonymous with the best live theatre has to offer. The Golden Age of Broadway occurred between 1943 and 1959, when the theatre-scene exploded with the advent of a new form of musical, popularized by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein III in \"Oklahoma!\" What followed were some of the most popular, successful, and enduring musicals in American history. In addition to Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers and lyricists like Leonard Bernstein, Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe, Stephen Sondheim, Irving Berlin, and Cole Porter found great success during these years with a variety of shows and collaboration with one another. Though new plays and musicals continued to churn out during the 1960s and 1970s, Broadway suffered a creative and financial slump during this time, only to be revitalized in the mid to late 1980s by the likes of Andrew Lloyd Webber, producer Cameron Mackintosh, and Stephen Sondheim.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in 2010. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in April 2020.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other playbill and theatre-related collections.","This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. Instead of the traditional free playbill which is handed out upon entrance of the theatre, souvenir programs tend to be purchased at show concession stands, and are of higher quality, have color photography, and are intended to last as a souvenir of the theatrical experience. This collection contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, revivals, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows. It also contains a few film souvenir programs.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows.","R43, C5, S1 - S7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0182","/repositories/2/resources/111"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"collection_ssim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The donor is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Musical Theater","Theater programs","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Performing arts","Theater","Theater -- United States","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Musical Theater","Theater programs","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Performing arts","Theater","Theater -- United States","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.75 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.75 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by production title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by production title."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Broadway History.\" Spotlight on Broadway. https://www.spotlightonbroadway.com/broadway-history. Accessed April 17, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Golden Age of Broadway.\" Digital Public Library of America. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-golden-age-of-broadway. Accessed April 17, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Timeline - 100 Years of Musical Theater - 1943-1959: Golden Age.\" PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/timelines/1943-1959/. Accessed April 17, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Broadway History.\" Spotlight on Broadway. https://www.spotlightonbroadway.com/broadway-history. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"The Golden Age of Broadway.\" Digital Public Library of America. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-golden-age-of-broadway. Accessed April 17, 2020.","\"Timeline - 100 Years of Musical Theater - 1943-1959: Golden Age.\" PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/timelines/1943-1959/. Accessed April 17, 2020."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Theater District of New York City, known as Broadway after the main thoroughfare where over forty theatres make their home, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. First known as the Great White Way due to its dazzling use of lights on marquees, Broadway is synonymous with the best live theatre has to offer. The Golden Age of Broadway occurred between 1943 and 1959, when the theatre-scene exploded with the advent of a new form of musical, popularized by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein III in \"Oklahoma!\" What followed were some of the most popular, successful, and enduring musicals in American history. In addition to Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers and lyricists like Leonard Bernstein, Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe, Stephen Sondheim, Irving Berlin, and Cole Porter found great success during these years with a variety of shows and collaboration with one another. Though new plays and musicals continued to churn out during the 1960s and 1970s, Broadway suffered a creative and financial slump during this time, only to be revitalized in the mid to late 1980s by the likes of Andrew Lloyd Webber, producer Cameron Mackintosh, and Stephen Sondheim.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Theater District of New York City, known as Broadway after the main thoroughfare where over forty theatres make their home, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. First known as the Great White Way due to its dazzling use of lights on marquees, Broadway is synonymous with the best live theatre has to offer. The Golden Age of Broadway occurred between 1943 and 1959, when the theatre-scene exploded with the advent of a new form of musical, popularized by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein III in \"Oklahoma!\" What followed were some of the most popular, successful, and enduring musicals in American history. In addition to Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers and lyricists like Leonard Bernstein, Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe, Stephen Sondheim, Irving Berlin, and Cole Porter found great success during these years with a variety of shows and collaboration with one another. Though new plays and musicals continued to churn out during the 1960s and 1970s, Broadway suffered a creative and financial slump during this time, only to be revitalized in the mid to late 1980s by the likes of Andrew Lloyd Webber, producer Cameron Mackintosh, and Stephen Sondheim."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBroadway souvenir theatre programs collection, C0182, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Broadway souvenir theatre programs collection, C0182, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in 2010. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in April 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Tom Duncan in 2010. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in April 2020."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other playbill and theatre-related collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other playbill and theatre-related collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. Instead of the traditional free playbill which is handed out upon entrance of the theatre, souvenir programs tend to be purchased at show concession stands, and are of higher quality, have color photography, and are intended to last as a souvenir of the theatrical experience. This collection contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, revivals, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows. It also contains a few film souvenir programs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. Instead of the traditional free playbill which is handed out upon entrance of the theatre, souvenir programs tend to be purchased at show concession stands, and are of higher quality, have color photography, and are intended to last as a souvenir of the theatrical experience. This collection contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, revivals, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows. It also contains a few film souvenir programs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bee07ba592a9093c395e24c430464c9f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains theatre souvenir programs from Broadway productions between the years 1942 and 1997. The programs include descriptions of the production, along with information on the respective creators, performers, directors, choreographers, and producers. It contains many programs from original Broadway show runs, and features many famous actors, singers, and dancers who performed in Broadway shows."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_50e2d6e41029baee7b2391636d5da92a\"\u003eR43, C5, S1 - S7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R43, C5, S1 - S7"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":164,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:21:35.788Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_111"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Martin Cohen theater collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cohen, Martin B.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_622.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Martin Cohen theater collection","title_ssm":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"title_tesim":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816; 1907-2017"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1816; 1907-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0335","/repositories/2/resources/622"],"text":["C0335","/repositories/2/resources/622","Martin Cohen theater collection","Film posters","Musical Theater","Plays","Theater","Filmmaking (Motion pictures)","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into five series based on format.","Series Series 1: Playbills, 1936-2017 (Boxes 1-12) Series 2: Sheet Music, 1912-1969 (Boxes 12-13) Series 3: Personal Papers, 1915-1996 (Boxes 13-14) Series 4: Posters, 1816-2013 (Map Case 32.5, Tubes 1-17, Box 16) Series 5: Artifacts, 1915-1955 (Boxes 15, 17-18, Map Case 32.4)","\"Martin B. Cohen.\" Albany Times Union, March 28, 2019. https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesunion-albany/name/martin-cohen-obituary?id=5036932.","Martin B. Cohen was born in Albany, New York, the son of David and Betty Cohen. He began his career as a teacher at Giffen Elementary School and Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York. He later obtained a master's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from George Washington University. Following his graduate education, Cohen became a professor of American history at George Mason University. He taught at George Mason University for 35 years. Cohen enjoyed travel and theather and was engaged as a lecturer and collector of the arts. Cohen passed away at the age of 81 on March 24, 2019. He is interred in the Beth Emeth Cemetery in Loudonville, New York.","Processing completed by Kelsey Kim in March 2022. Arrangement decisions were made in conjunction with Elizabeth Beckman. The collection was surveyed and arranged by format, including alphabetizing of the playbills based upon their extent. EAD markup by Elizabeth Beckman in March 2022. ","Additional processing and finding aid updates completed by Amanda Menjivar in May 2022. Inventory updated by Amanda Menjivar with assistance from Madeline Puppos in August 2023.","The George Mason University Special Collections Research Center holdings include other collections pertaining to theatre and film, including the  , the  , the  , and the  .","This collection contains primarily collectible material from various stage performances and motion picture filmmaking. Stage performance includes playbills and programs from the performances Cohen attended, often including ticket stubs from the performance, and other programs related to different venues in the Washington, D.C. area. There are numerous film posters of various sizes used to advertise upcoming films, and pressbooks to accompany film marketing. There are pages and books of sheet music from a variety of films and musicals. There are some personal papers as well, including a term paper written by Cohen, theater magazines, comic books, photographs, and a record album scrapbook. Among the artifacts included in this collection are a number of projectors and cameras for film, animation films cells, and toys.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys.","R 72, C 2, S 7-C 3, S 4\n\nMC 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 32.4, 32.5, 34.5\n\nRSR 7.1, 8.1, 8.4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Cohen, Martin B.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0335","/repositories/2/resources/622"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"collection_ssim":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Cohen, Martin B."],"creator_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"creators_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Randolph Lytton in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Film posters","Musical Theater","Plays","Theater","Filmmaking (Motion pictures)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Film posters","Musical Theater","Plays","Theater","Filmmaking (Motion pictures)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 6 map cases, 2 triangle boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 6 map cases, 2 triangle boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into five series based on format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Playbills, 1936-2017 (Boxes 1-12)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Sheet Music, 1912-1969 (Boxes 12-13)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Personal Papers, 1915-1996 (Boxes 13-14)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Posters, 1816-2013 (Map Case 32.5, Tubes 1-17, Box 16)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Artifacts, 1915-1955 (Boxes 15, 17-18, Map Case 32.4)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into five series based on format.","Series Series 1: Playbills, 1936-2017 (Boxes 1-12) Series 2: Sheet Music, 1912-1969 (Boxes 12-13) Series 3: Personal Papers, 1915-1996 (Boxes 13-14) Series 4: Posters, 1816-2013 (Map Case 32.5, Tubes 1-17, Box 16) Series 5: Artifacts, 1915-1955 (Boxes 15, 17-18, Map Case 32.4)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Martin B. Cohen.\" Albany Times Union, March 28, 2019. https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesunion-albany/name/martin-cohen-obituary?id=5036932.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Martin B. Cohen.\" Albany Times Union, March 28, 2019. https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesunion-albany/name/martin-cohen-obituary?id=5036932."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMartin B. Cohen was born in Albany, New York, the son of David and Betty Cohen. He began his career as a teacher at Giffen Elementary School and Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York. He later obtained a master's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from George Washington University. Following his graduate education, Cohen became a professor of American history at George Mason University. He taught at George Mason University for 35 years. Cohen enjoyed travel and theather and was engaged as a lecturer and collector of the arts. Cohen passed away at the age of 81 on March 24, 2019. He is interred in the Beth Emeth Cemetery in Loudonville, New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Martin B. Cohen was born in Albany, New York, the son of David and Betty Cohen. He began his career as a teacher at Giffen Elementary School and Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York. He later obtained a master's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from George Washington University. Following his graduate education, Cohen became a professor of American history at George Mason University. He taught at George Mason University for 35 years. Cohen enjoyed travel and theather and was engaged as a lecturer and collector of the arts. Cohen passed away at the age of 81 on March 24, 2019. He is interred in the Beth Emeth Cemetery in Loudonville, New York."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMartin Cohen theater collection, C0335, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Martin Cohen theater collection, C0335, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Kelsey Kim in March 2022. Arrangement decisions were made in conjunction with Elizabeth Beckman. The collection was surveyed and arranged by format, including alphabetizing of the playbills based upon their extent. EAD markup by Elizabeth Beckman in March 2022. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional processing and finding aid updates completed by Amanda Menjivar in May 2022. Inventory updated by Amanda Menjivar with assistance from Madeline Puppos in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Kelsey Kim in March 2022. Arrangement decisions were made in conjunction with Elizabeth Beckman. The collection was surveyed and arranged by format, including alphabetizing of the playbills based upon their extent. EAD markup by Elizabeth Beckman in March 2022. ","Additional processing and finding aid updates completed by Amanda Menjivar in May 2022. Inventory updated by Amanda Menjivar with assistance from Madeline Puppos in August 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Mason University Special Collections Research Center holdings include other collections pertaining to theatre and film, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Motion picture press kit collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0107\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Robert Prosky papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0022\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Cynthia Garn film production collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0009\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Charles Rodrigues playbill collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The George Mason University Special Collections Research Center holdings include other collections pertaining to theatre and film, including the  , the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains primarily collectible material from various stage performances and motion picture filmmaking. Stage performance includes playbills and programs from the performances Cohen attended, often including ticket stubs from the performance, and other programs related to different venues in the Washington, D.C. area. There are numerous film posters of various sizes used to advertise upcoming films, and pressbooks to accompany film marketing. There are pages and books of sheet music from a variety of films and musicals. There are some personal papers as well, including a term paper written by Cohen, theater magazines, comic books, photographs, and a record album scrapbook. Among the artifacts included in this collection are a number of projectors and cameras for film, animation films cells, and toys.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains primarily collectible material from various stage performances and motion picture filmmaking. Stage performance includes playbills and programs from the performances Cohen attended, often including ticket stubs from the performance, and other programs related to different venues in the Washington, D.C. area. There are numerous film posters of various sizes used to advertise upcoming films, and pressbooks to accompany film marketing. There are pages and books of sheet music from a variety of films and musicals. There are some personal papers as well, including a term paper written by Cohen, theater magazines, comic books, photographs, and a record album scrapbook. Among the artifacts included in this collection are a number of projectors and cameras for film, animation films cells, and toys."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_71397d4cf7341382b248a4feea19127f\"\u003eThe Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_150a304289bf6803cc620f1d42336d0e\"\u003eR 72, C 2, S 7-C 3, S 4\n\nMC 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 32.4, 32.5, 34.5\n\nRSR 7.1, 8.1, 8.4\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 2, S 7-C 3, S 4\n\nMC 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 32.4, 32.5, 34.5\n\nRSR 7.1, 8.1, 8.4"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Cohen, Martin B."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"persname_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:37:55.284Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_622.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Martin Cohen theater collection","title_ssm":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"title_tesim":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816; 1907-2017"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1816; 1907-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0335","/repositories/2/resources/622"],"text":["C0335","/repositories/2/resources/622","Martin Cohen theater collection","Film posters","Musical Theater","Plays","Theater","Filmmaking (Motion pictures)","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into five series based on format.","Series Series 1: Playbills, 1936-2017 (Boxes 1-12) Series 2: Sheet Music, 1912-1969 (Boxes 12-13) Series 3: Personal Papers, 1915-1996 (Boxes 13-14) Series 4: Posters, 1816-2013 (Map Case 32.5, Tubes 1-17, Box 16) Series 5: Artifacts, 1915-1955 (Boxes 15, 17-18, Map Case 32.4)","\"Martin B. Cohen.\" Albany Times Union, March 28, 2019. https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesunion-albany/name/martin-cohen-obituary?id=5036932.","Martin B. Cohen was born in Albany, New York, the son of David and Betty Cohen. He began his career as a teacher at Giffen Elementary School and Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York. He later obtained a master's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from George Washington University. Following his graduate education, Cohen became a professor of American history at George Mason University. He taught at George Mason University for 35 years. Cohen enjoyed travel and theather and was engaged as a lecturer and collector of the arts. Cohen passed away at the age of 81 on March 24, 2019. He is interred in the Beth Emeth Cemetery in Loudonville, New York.","Processing completed by Kelsey Kim in March 2022. Arrangement decisions were made in conjunction with Elizabeth Beckman. The collection was surveyed and arranged by format, including alphabetizing of the playbills based upon their extent. EAD markup by Elizabeth Beckman in March 2022. ","Additional processing and finding aid updates completed by Amanda Menjivar in May 2022. Inventory updated by Amanda Menjivar with assistance from Madeline Puppos in August 2023.","The George Mason University Special Collections Research Center holdings include other collections pertaining to theatre and film, including the  , the  , the  , and the  .","This collection contains primarily collectible material from various stage performances and motion picture filmmaking. Stage performance includes playbills and programs from the performances Cohen attended, often including ticket stubs from the performance, and other programs related to different venues in the Washington, D.C. area. There are numerous film posters of various sizes used to advertise upcoming films, and pressbooks to accompany film marketing. There are pages and books of sheet music from a variety of films and musicals. There are some personal papers as well, including a term paper written by Cohen, theater magazines, comic books, photographs, and a record album scrapbook. Among the artifacts included in this collection are a number of projectors and cameras for film, animation films cells, and toys.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys.","R 72, C 2, S 7-C 3, S 4\n\nMC 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 32.4, 32.5, 34.5\n\nRSR 7.1, 8.1, 8.4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Cohen, Martin B.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0335","/repositories/2/resources/622"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"collection_ssim":["Martin Cohen theater collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Cohen, Martin B."],"creator_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"creators_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Randolph Lytton in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Film posters","Musical Theater","Plays","Theater","Filmmaking (Motion pictures)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Film posters","Musical Theater","Plays","Theater","Filmmaking (Motion pictures)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 6 map cases, 2 triangle boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 6 map cases, 2 triangle boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into five series based on format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Playbills, 1936-2017 (Boxes 1-12)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Sheet Music, 1912-1969 (Boxes 12-13)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Personal Papers, 1915-1996 (Boxes 13-14)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Posters, 1816-2013 (Map Case 32.5, Tubes 1-17, Box 16)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Artifacts, 1915-1955 (Boxes 15, 17-18, Map Case 32.4)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into five series based on format.","Series Series 1: Playbills, 1936-2017 (Boxes 1-12) Series 2: Sheet Music, 1912-1969 (Boxes 12-13) Series 3: Personal Papers, 1915-1996 (Boxes 13-14) Series 4: Posters, 1816-2013 (Map Case 32.5, Tubes 1-17, Box 16) Series 5: Artifacts, 1915-1955 (Boxes 15, 17-18, Map Case 32.4)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Martin B. Cohen.\" Albany Times Union, March 28, 2019. https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesunion-albany/name/martin-cohen-obituary?id=5036932.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Martin B. Cohen.\" Albany Times Union, March 28, 2019. https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesunion-albany/name/martin-cohen-obituary?id=5036932."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMartin B. Cohen was born in Albany, New York, the son of David and Betty Cohen. He began his career as a teacher at Giffen Elementary School and Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York. He later obtained a master's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from George Washington University. Following his graduate education, Cohen became a professor of American history at George Mason University. He taught at George Mason University for 35 years. Cohen enjoyed travel and theather and was engaged as a lecturer and collector of the arts. Cohen passed away at the age of 81 on March 24, 2019. He is interred in the Beth Emeth Cemetery in Loudonville, New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Martin B. Cohen was born in Albany, New York, the son of David and Betty Cohen. He began his career as a teacher at Giffen Elementary School and Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York. He later obtained a master's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from George Washington University. Following his graduate education, Cohen became a professor of American history at George Mason University. He taught at George Mason University for 35 years. Cohen enjoyed travel and theather and was engaged as a lecturer and collector of the arts. Cohen passed away at the age of 81 on March 24, 2019. He is interred in the Beth Emeth Cemetery in Loudonville, New York."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMartin Cohen theater collection, C0335, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Martin Cohen theater collection, C0335, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Kelsey Kim in March 2022. Arrangement decisions were made in conjunction with Elizabeth Beckman. The collection was surveyed and arranged by format, including alphabetizing of the playbills based upon their extent. EAD markup by Elizabeth Beckman in March 2022. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional processing and finding aid updates completed by Amanda Menjivar in May 2022. Inventory updated by Amanda Menjivar with assistance from Madeline Puppos in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Kelsey Kim in March 2022. Arrangement decisions were made in conjunction with Elizabeth Beckman. The collection was surveyed and arranged by format, including alphabetizing of the playbills based upon their extent. EAD markup by Elizabeth Beckman in March 2022. ","Additional processing and finding aid updates completed by Amanda Menjivar in May 2022. Inventory updated by Amanda Menjivar with assistance from Madeline Puppos in August 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Mason University Special Collections Research Center holdings include other collections pertaining to theatre and film, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Motion picture press kit collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0107\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Robert Prosky papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0022\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Cynthia Garn film production collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0009\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Charles Rodrigues playbill collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The George Mason University Special Collections Research Center holdings include other collections pertaining to theatre and film, including the  , the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains primarily collectible material from various stage performances and motion picture filmmaking. Stage performance includes playbills and programs from the performances Cohen attended, often including ticket stubs from the performance, and other programs related to different venues in the Washington, D.C. area. There are numerous film posters of various sizes used to advertise upcoming films, and pressbooks to accompany film marketing. There are pages and books of sheet music from a variety of films and musicals. There are some personal papers as well, including a term paper written by Cohen, theater magazines, comic books, photographs, and a record album scrapbook. Among the artifacts included in this collection are a number of projectors and cameras for film, animation films cells, and toys.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains primarily collectible material from various stage performances and motion picture filmmaking. Stage performance includes playbills and programs from the performances Cohen attended, often including ticket stubs from the performance, and other programs related to different venues in the Washington, D.C. area. There are numerous film posters of various sizes used to advertise upcoming films, and pressbooks to accompany film marketing. There are pages and books of sheet music from a variety of films and musicals. There are some personal papers as well, including a term paper written by Cohen, theater magazines, comic books, photographs, and a record album scrapbook. Among the artifacts included in this collection are a number of projectors and cameras for film, animation films cells, and toys."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_71397d4cf7341382b248a4feea19127f\"\u003eThe Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Martin Cohen theater collection contains material pertaining to musical theater, stage performances, and motion picture film. It primarily includes playbills, sheet music, and film posters, as well as as comic books, animation film cells, memorabilia, and toys."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_150a304289bf6803cc620f1d42336d0e\"\u003eR 72, C 2, S 7-C 3, S 4\n\nMC 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 32.4, 32.5, 34.5\n\nRSR 7.1, 8.1, 8.4\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 2, S 7-C 3, S 4\n\nMC 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 32.4, 32.5, 34.5\n\nRSR 7.1, 8.1, 8.4"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Cohen, Martin B."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"persname_ssim":["Cohen, Martin B."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:37:55.284Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_622"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mary Lavigne programs collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lavigne, Mary","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691"],"text":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Mary Lavigne programs collection","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the  Charles Rodrigues playbill collection , and the  Virginia Nelson playbills collection .","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.","R 71, C 1, S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel","English \n,        German \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)"],"geogname_ssim":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)"],"creator_ssm":["Lavigne, Mary"],"creator_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary"],"creators_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary"],"places_ssim":["Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated in 2019 by Mary Lavigne."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003eCharles Rodrigues playbill collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0015\"\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the  Charles Rodrigues playbill collection , and the  Virginia Nelson playbills collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691"],"text":["C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Mary Lavigne programs collection","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the  Charles Rodrigues playbill collection , and the  Virginia Nelson playbills collection .","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.","R 71, C 1, S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel","English \n,        German \n.    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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003eCharles Rodrigues playbill collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0015\"\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the  Charles Rodrigues playbill collection , and the  Virginia Nelson playbills collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway  Playbill  editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Content warning: orientalism and racist content. A program for the musical \u003cspan\u003eMecca\u003c/span\u003e (also known as \u003cspan\u003eCairo\u003c/span\u003e) by Oscar Asche, 1920.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_616","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_616.xml","title_ssm":["Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program"],"title_tesim":["Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1920"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0392"],"text":["C0392","Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Orientalism","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"Cables: SENSATIONAL RUN OF \"CHU\" ENDING.\" Variety (Archive: 1905-2000), Jul 22, 1921, 2, http://mutex.gmu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/magazines/cables-sensational-run-chu-ending/docview/1475658753/se-2?accountid=14541.","Mecca  - known as  Cairo  in England - was a 1920 Broadway musical written by Oscar Asche. Asche was an American actor, mainly known for brown and yellow face roles in plays such as the titular character in  Othello  and Hajj in  Kismet , which was written for Asche. Eventually Asche turned to theatre managing in addition to acting, which led to his huge theatrical hit  Chu Chin Chow , which broke theatrical records and held over 2,200 performances over five years in London, England. Following the success of  Chu Chin Chow , Asche wrote  Mecca , which premiered at the Century Theatre in New York City, but was met with much less acclaim.","Processing and finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in June 2022.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on American musical theatre, including the  , the  , and the  .","Content warning: orientalism and racist content.","A program for the 1920 musical  Mecca  (also known as  Cairo ) by Oscar Asche. The cover of the program is embossed with the title, \"Century Theatre New York\" and an image of men riding camels in the desert. The program contains a short novelization of the musical's plot by William A. Page and illustrated color plates of scenes by Carl Link. Both story and illustrations are highly orientalist in subject and tone.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","Content warning: orientalism and racist content.\n\nA program for the musical  Mecca  (also known as  Cairo ) by Oscar Asche, 1920.","R 72, C 3, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0392"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program"],"collection_ssim":["Mecca  by Oscar Asche musical program"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Orientalism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Orientalism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1920],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Cables: SENSATIONAL RUN OF \"CHU\" ENDING.\" Variety (Archive: 1905-2000), Jul 22, 1921, 2, http://mutex.gmu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/magazines/cables-sensational-run-chu-ending/docview/1475658753/se-2?accountid=14541.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Cables: SENSATIONAL RUN OF \"CHU\" ENDING.\" Variety (Archive: 1905-2000), Jul 22, 1921, 2, http://mutex.gmu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/magazines/cables-sensational-run-chu-ending/docview/1475658753/se-2?accountid=14541."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eMecca\u003c/title\u003e - known as \u003ctitle\u003eCairo\u003c/title\u003e in England - was a 1920 Broadway musical written by Oscar Asche. Asche was an American actor, mainly known for brown and yellow face roles in plays such as the titular character in \u003ctitle\u003eOthello\u003c/title\u003e and Hajj in \u003ctitle\u003eKismet\u003c/title\u003e, which was written for Asche. Eventually Asche turned to theatre managing in addition to acting, which led to his huge theatrical hit \u003ctitle\u003eChu Chin Chow\u003c/title\u003e, which broke theatrical records and held over 2,200 performances over five years in London, England. Following the success of \u003ctitle\u003eChu Chin Chow\u003c/title\u003e, Asche wrote \u003ctitle\u003eMecca\u003c/title\u003e, which premiered at the Century Theatre in New York City, but was met with much less acclaim.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mecca  - known as  Cairo  in England - was a 1920 Broadway musical written by Oscar Asche. Asche was an American actor, mainly known for brown and yellow face roles in plays such as the titular character in  Othello  and Hajj in  Kismet , which was written for Asche. Eventually Asche turned to theatre managing in addition to acting, which led to his huge theatrical hit  Chu Chin Chow , which broke theatrical records and held over 2,200 performances over five years in London, England. 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","Recordings may be protected by copyright laws.","This collection contains LP phonograph albums containing a variety of music, oral history, and musical scores. This box was found unlabeled and might be associated with another collection.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Hansberry, Lorraine, 1930-1965","Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005","Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0130","/repositories/2/resources/170"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Music, theatre, and spoken word sound recordings collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Music, theatre, and spoken word sound recordings collection"],"collection_ssim":["Music, theatre, and spoken word sound recordings collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Recordings may be protected by copyright laws."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Music -- 20th century","Music","Acting","Depressions -- 1929","Protest songs -- United States","Folk music -- United States","Live sound recordings","Musical Theater","Theater","Drama","Speeches, addresses, etc.","Labor unions","Literature","Sound recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Music -- 20th century","Music","Acting","Depressions -- 1929","Protest songs -- United States","Folk music -- United States","Live sound recordings","Musical Theater","Theater","Drama","Speeches, addresses, etc.","Labor unions","Literature","Sound recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet (4 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet (4 boxes)"],"genreform_ssim":["Sound recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is not arranged in any specific order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is not arranged in any specific order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo information of donor or history is known at the present time.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["No information of donor or history is known at the present time."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMusic, Theatre, and Spoken Word Sound Recordings, Collection #C0130, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Music, Theatre, and Spoken Word Sound Recordings, Collection #C0130, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in 2012. EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in 2012. EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds the Japanese Phonograph collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds the Japanese Phonograph collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 31 LP phonograph albums including music, musical scores, plays, literature recordings and speech recordings. The albums span a roughly 40 year period being released between 1949 and the late 1980s. Musical albums include: A Tribute to Woodie Guthrie, Pete Seeger's Greatest Hits, Songs of the Depression, and I Will Win: Songs of the Wooblies. Albums of recorded plays feature playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Arthur Miller. The collection also features original cast recordings of musicals Winnie and Brigham!, a musical based on the life of Brigham Young and contains literary recordings of the works of T.S. Elliot, Frederick Douglass and Lorraine Hansberry. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the albums focus on content related to the Great Depression, unions, American labour, and Folk Music. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains 31 LP phonograph albums including music, musical scores, plays, literature recordings and speech recordings. The albums span a roughly 40 year period being released between 1949 and the late 1980s. Musical albums include: A Tribute to Woodie Guthrie, Pete Seeger's Greatest Hits, Songs of the Depression, and I Will Win: Songs of the Wooblies. Albums of recorded plays feature playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Arthur Miller. The collection also features original cast recordings of musicals Winnie and Brigham!, a musical based on the life of Brigham Young and contains literary recordings of the works of T.S. Elliot, Frederick Douglass and Lorraine Hansberry. ","Several of the albums focus on content related to the Great Depression, unions, American labour, and Folk Music. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecordings may be protected by copyright laws.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Recordings may be protected by copyright laws."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_39ae137ff05e56a34bc84cd9294ad3e0\"\u003eThis collection contains LP phonograph albums containing a variety of music, oral history, and musical scores. This box was found unlabeled and might be associated with another collection.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains LP phonograph albums containing a variety of music, oral history, and musical scores. This box was found unlabeled and might be associated with another collection."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Hansberry, Lorraine, 1930-1965","Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005","Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hansberry, Lorraine, 1930-1965","Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005","Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616"],"persname_ssim":["Hansberry, Lorraine, 1930-1965","Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005","Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:56.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_170"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Porgy and Bess poster collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"text":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","Porgy and Bess poster collection","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. ","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and the  . ","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the  , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Multiple"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. ","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and the  . ","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the  , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Multiple"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"text":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","Porgy and Bess poster collection","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. ","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and the  . ","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the  , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Multiple"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. ","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and the  . ","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the  , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Multiple"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Nelson playbills collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nelson, Virginia","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_571.xml","title_ssm":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0015","/repositories/2/resources/571"],"text":["C0015","/repositories/2/resources/571","Virginia Nelson playbills collection","Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Ballet","Musical Theater","Opera","Performing arts","Plays","Theater programs","Theater -- United States","Theater","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged chronologically.","Following World War II, Washington, D.C. gradually acquired a vibrant theatre and performing arts scene, due in large part to the population growth as the federal government expanded. In particular the opening of John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in the early 1970s signaled the great importance of performing arts for the citizens of the Washington, D.C. metro area.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Contents list added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2017.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other  .","The Virginia Nelson playbills collection represents the rise and expansion of theatre and the performing arts in the Metro D.C. area, including a variety of performances at a multitude of venues over the course of eight decades, beginning in the 1930s and ending in the early 2000s. From plays and musical theatre, to opera, ballet, and musical acts, the gamut of the performing arts is represented within the collection. This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of D.C. area venues, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, Wolf Trap, Signature Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as other theatres across the nation and abroad, including those from Broadway in New York and the West End in London. Many of the playbills come from renowned \"classic\" performances of certain works, many starring famous actors. Also represented in the collection are smaller, local theatrical venues, companies, and performances. Note: Included in the collection were a number of Arena Stage Playbills, which were removed except for one that was not already included in the Arena Stage records. All other Arena Stage playbills (before the 2006/2007 season) are available in the ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Nelson, Virginia","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0015","/repositories/2/resources/571"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"creator_ssm":["Nelson, Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Virginia Nelson in 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ballet","Musical Theater","Opera","Performing arts","Plays","Theater programs","Theater -- United States","Theater"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ballet","Musical Theater","Opera","Performing arts","Plays","Theater programs","Theater -- United States","Theater"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Linear Feet 12 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Linear Feet 12 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFollowing World War II, Washington, D.C. gradually acquired a vibrant theatre and performing arts scene, due in large part to the population growth as the federal government expanded. In particular the opening of John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in the early 1970s signaled the great importance of performing arts for the citizens of the Washington, D.C. metro area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Following World War II, Washington, D.C. gradually acquired a vibrant theatre and performing arts scene, due in large part to the population growth as the federal government expanded. In particular the opening of John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in the early 1970s signaled the great importance of performing arts for the citizens of the Washington, D.C. metro area."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection, C0015, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection, C0015, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Contents list added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Contents list added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds many other \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85099818\" title=\"performing arts and theatre collections\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Nelson playbills collection represents the rise and expansion of theatre and the performing arts in the Metro D.C. area, including a variety of performances at a multitude of venues over the course of eight decades, beginning in the 1930s and ending in the early 2000s. From plays and musical theatre, to opera, ballet, and musical acts, the gamut of the performing arts is represented within the collection. This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of D.C. area venues, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, Wolf Trap, Signature Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as other theatres across the nation and abroad, including those from Broadway in New York and the West End in London. Many of the playbills come from renowned \"classic\" performances of certain works, many starring famous actors. Also represented in the collection are smaller, local theatrical venues, companies, and performances. Note: Included in the collection were a number of Arena Stage Playbills, which were removed except for one that was not already included in the Arena Stage records. All other Arena Stage playbills (before the 2006/2007 season) are available in the \u003cextptr href=\"https://scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/arenastage.html\" title=\"Arena Stage records.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Nelson playbills collection represents the rise and expansion of theatre and the performing arts in the Metro D.C. area, including a variety of performances at a multitude of venues over the course of eight decades, beginning in the 1930s and ending in the early 2000s. From plays and musical theatre, to opera, ballet, and musical acts, the gamut of the performing arts is represented within the collection. This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of D.C. area venues, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, Wolf Trap, Signature Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as other theatres across the nation and abroad, including those from Broadway in New York and the West End in London. Many of the playbills come from renowned \"classic\" performances of certain works, many starring famous actors. Also represented in the collection are smaller, local theatrical venues, companies, and performances. Note: Included in the collection were a number of Arena Stage Playbills, which were removed except for one that was not already included in the Arena Stage records. All other Arena Stage playbills (before the 2006/2007 season) are available in the "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7fabf031f1388c7a0a773ea5385cfd10\"\u003eThis collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally."],"names_coll_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Nelson, Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":632,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:28:45.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_571.xml","title_ssm":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0015","/repositories/2/resources/571"],"text":["C0015","/repositories/2/resources/571","Virginia Nelson playbills collection","Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Ballet","Musical Theater","Opera","Performing arts","Plays","Theater programs","Theater -- United States","Theater","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged chronologically.","Following World War II, Washington, D.C. gradually acquired a vibrant theatre and performing arts scene, due in large part to the population growth as the federal government expanded. In particular the opening of John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in the early 1970s signaled the great importance of performing arts for the citizens of the Washington, D.C. metro area.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Contents list added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2017.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other  .","The Virginia Nelson playbills collection represents the rise and expansion of theatre and the performing arts in the Metro D.C. area, including a variety of performances at a multitude of venues over the course of eight decades, beginning in the 1930s and ending in the early 2000s. From plays and musical theatre, to opera, ballet, and musical acts, the gamut of the performing arts is represented within the collection. This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of D.C. area venues, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, Wolf Trap, Signature Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as other theatres across the nation and abroad, including those from Broadway in New York and the West End in London. Many of the playbills come from renowned \"classic\" performances of certain works, many starring famous actors. Also represented in the collection are smaller, local theatrical venues, companies, and performances. Note: Included in the collection were a number of Arena Stage Playbills, which were removed except for one that was not already included in the Arena Stage records. All other Arena Stage playbills (before the 2006/2007 season) are available in the ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Nelson, Virginia","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0015","/repositories/2/resources/571"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"creator_ssm":["Nelson, Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts (Va.)","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Virginia Nelson in 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ballet","Musical Theater","Opera","Performing arts","Plays","Theater programs","Theater -- United States","Theater"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ballet","Musical Theater","Opera","Performing arts","Plays","Theater programs","Theater -- United States","Theater"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Linear Feet 12 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Linear Feet 12 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFollowing World War II, Washington, D.C. gradually acquired a vibrant theatre and performing arts scene, due in large part to the population growth as the federal government expanded. In particular the opening of John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in the early 1970s signaled the great importance of performing arts for the citizens of the Washington, D.C. metro area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Following World War II, Washington, D.C. gradually acquired a vibrant theatre and performing arts scene, due in large part to the population growth as the federal government expanded. In particular the opening of John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in the early 1970s signaled the great importance of performing arts for the citizens of the Washington, D.C. metro area."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection, C0015, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Nelson playbills collection, C0015, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Contents list added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Contents list added and finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds many other \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85099818\" title=\"performing arts and theatre collections\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds many other  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Nelson playbills collection represents the rise and expansion of theatre and the performing arts in the Metro D.C. area, including a variety of performances at a multitude of venues over the course of eight decades, beginning in the 1930s and ending in the early 2000s. From plays and musical theatre, to opera, ballet, and musical acts, the gamut of the performing arts is represented within the collection. This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of D.C. area venues, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, Wolf Trap, Signature Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as other theatres across the nation and abroad, including those from Broadway in New York and the West End in London. Many of the playbills come from renowned \"classic\" performances of certain works, many starring famous actors. Also represented in the collection are smaller, local theatrical venues, companies, and performances. Note: Included in the collection were a number of Arena Stage Playbills, which were removed except for one that was not already included in the Arena Stage records. All other Arena Stage playbills (before the 2006/2007 season) are available in the \u003cextptr href=\"https://scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/arenastage.html\" title=\"Arena Stage records.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Nelson playbills collection represents the rise and expansion of theatre and the performing arts in the Metro D.C. area, including a variety of performances at a multitude of venues over the course of eight decades, beginning in the 1930s and ending in the early 2000s. From plays and musical theatre, to opera, ballet, and musical acts, the gamut of the performing arts is represented within the collection. This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of D.C. area venues, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, Wolf Trap, Signature Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as other theatres across the nation and abroad, including those from Broadway in New York and the West End in London. Many of the playbills come from renowned \"classic\" performances of certain works, many starring famous actors. Also represented in the collection are smaller, local theatrical venues, companies, and performances. Note: Included in the collection were a number of Arena Stage Playbills, which were removed except for one that was not already included in the Arena Stage records. All other Arena Stage playbills (before the 2006/2007 season) are available in the "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7fabf031f1388c7a0a773ea5385cfd10\"\u003eThis collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains playbills for performances at a variety of venues in the Washington D.C. metro area, including the National Theatre, Arena Stage, the New Gayety Theatre, the Warner Theatre, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as well as multiple smaller, local theatres and companies, and others across the United States and internationally."],"names_coll_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Nelson, Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)","New Gayety Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Signature Theatre (Arlington, Va.)","Warner Theatre (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Nelson, Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":632,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:28:45.771Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_571"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":8},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Musical+Theater\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Musical+Theater\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Black and white 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