{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Maps\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University.+Libraries.+Special+Collections+Research+Center","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Maps\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University.+Libraries.+Special+Collections+Research+Center\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":3,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. 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William Reese Company. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM46236/bryan-edwards-james-humphreys-publisher-joseph-h-seymour-engraver/a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-with-a-whole-sheet-general-map-of-the-west-india-islands-and-a.","\"Biography – HUMPHREYS, JAMES – Volume V (1801-1820).\" n.d. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/humphreys_james_5F.html.","\"(Caribbean Atlas) A New Atlas of the British West Indies, with a Whole Sheet General Map of the West India Islands, and a Whole Sheet Map of the Island of Hispanola, or St. Domingo.\" n.d. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/84330/caribbean-atlas-a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-wi-humphreys.","\"Edwards, Bryan (1743–1800), Planter and Politician.\" n.d. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/8531.","Huseman, Ben. n.d. \"Subject and Course Guides: Cartographic Connections: Anatomy of a Map.\" Accessed September 27, 2023. https://libguides.uta.edu/c.php?g=26755\u0026p=164574.","\"Tanner, Benjamin (March 27, 1775 - c. 1846).\" n.d. Geographicus Rare Antique Maps. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.geographicus.com/P/ctgy\u0026Category_Code=tannerbenjamin.","Bryan Edwards was born in Westbury, Wiltshire, England on May 21, 1743, the eldest son of Bryan Edwards and Elizabeth Bayly. After the death of his father in 1756, young Bryan came under the care of various family members, eventually relocating to Jamaica where he would spend the majority of the rest of his life. In 1793, he published the first London edition of his  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies , a two-volume account of the history and culture of the British colonized islands, which ran for five editions, including an 1806 edition published in Philadelphia by James Humphreys. He passed away on July 16, 1800 in Southampton, England.","James Humphreys was born on January 15, 1748/49 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to James Humphreys and Susanna Assheton. Humphreys was apprenticed to William Bradford, a Philadelphia printer, until 1770 and opened his own printing business in the city two years later. After being labeled a Loyalist during the outbreak of the American Revolution, Humphreys left Philadelphia for nearly 20 years, returning in late 1796 or early 1797. In reestablishing his printing business Humphreys chose to focus on book printing until his death on February 2, 1810.","Joseph H. Seymour was an engraver who began his work with Isiah Thomas in Worcester, Massachusetts until relocating to Philadelphia between 1803-1822. Benjamin Tanner, the older brother of engraver Henry S. Tanner, was also an engraver who trained and began his career in New York City before relocating to Philadelphia some time before 1811.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the  Broadus Bailey French Revolution print collection .","A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean, published by James Humphreys of Philadelphia. The three fold-out maps depict \"A New Map of the West Indies\" engraved by J.H. Seymour and St. Domingo and Jamaica engraved by Benjamin Tanner. The eight single page maps include St. Vincent, Barbados (spelled Barbadoes), the Virgin Islands, Grenada, and the Island of Tobago engraved by Benjamin Tanner, as well as \"Maps of the Island of Dominica\" engraved by J.H. Seymour, and the Island of St. Christophers and the Island of Antigua attributed to \"Marshall\". ","This atlas volume was printed to accompany the 1806 Philadelphia printing of Bryan Edwards'  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies  and can be recognized by key details on the fold out maps, such as the circular cartouche that contains the title on the West Indies map and the signatures of the engravers in the bottom right corner.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean.","R 72, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. 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(See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Atlases"],"date_range_isim":[1806],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"A Philadelphia Atlas of the West Indies.\" n.d. William Reese Company. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM46236/bryan-edwards-james-humphreys-publisher-joseph-h-seymour-engraver/a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-with-a-whole-sheet-general-map-of-the-west-india-islands-and-a.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Biography – HUMPHREYS, JAMES – Volume V (1801-1820).\" n.d. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/humphreys_james_5F.html.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"(Caribbean Atlas) A New Atlas of the British West Indies, with a Whole Sheet General Map of the West India Islands, and a Whole Sheet Map of the Island of Hispanola, or St. Domingo.\" n.d. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/84330/caribbean-atlas-a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-wi-humphreys.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Edwards, Bryan (1743–1800), Planter and Politician.\" n.d. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/8531.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHuseman, Ben. n.d. \"Subject and Course Guides: Cartographic Connections: Anatomy of a Map.\" Accessed September 27, 2023. https://libguides.uta.edu/c.php?g=26755\u0026amp;p=164574.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Tanner, Benjamin (March 27, 1775 - c. 1846).\" n.d. Geographicus Rare Antique Maps. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.geographicus.com/P/ctgy\u0026amp;Category_Code=tannerbenjamin.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"A Philadelphia Atlas of the West Indies.\" n.d. William Reese Company. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM46236/bryan-edwards-james-humphreys-publisher-joseph-h-seymour-engraver/a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-with-a-whole-sheet-general-map-of-the-west-india-islands-and-a.","\"Biography – HUMPHREYS, JAMES – Volume V (1801-1820).\" n.d. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/humphreys_james_5F.html.","\"(Caribbean Atlas) A New Atlas of the British West Indies, with a Whole Sheet General Map of the West India Islands, and a Whole Sheet Map of the Island of Hispanola, or St. Domingo.\" n.d. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/84330/caribbean-atlas-a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-wi-humphreys.","\"Edwards, Bryan (1743–1800), Planter and Politician.\" n.d. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/8531.","Huseman, Ben. n.d. \"Subject and Course Guides: Cartographic Connections: Anatomy of a Map.\" Accessed September 27, 2023. https://libguides.uta.edu/c.php?g=26755\u0026p=164574.","\"Tanner, Benjamin (March 27, 1775 - c. 1846).\" n.d. Geographicus Rare Antique Maps. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.geographicus.com/P/ctgy\u0026Category_Code=tannerbenjamin."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBryan Edwards was born in Westbury, Wiltshire, England on May 21, 1743, the eldest son of Bryan Edwards and Elizabeth Bayly. After the death of his father in 1756, young Bryan came under the care of various family members, eventually relocating to Jamaica where he would spend the majority of the rest of his life. In 1793, he published the first London edition of his \u003ctitle\u003eHistory, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies\u003c/title\u003e, a two-volume account of the history and culture of the British colonized islands, which ran for five editions, including an 1806 edition published in Philadelphia by James Humphreys. He passed away on July 16, 1800 in Southampton, England.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Humphreys was born on January 15, 1748/49 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to James Humphreys and Susanna Assheton. Humphreys was apprenticed to William Bradford, a Philadelphia printer, until 1770 and opened his own printing business in the city two years later. After being labeled a Loyalist during the outbreak of the American Revolution, Humphreys left Philadelphia for nearly 20 years, returning in late 1796 or early 1797. In reestablishing his printing business Humphreys chose to focus on book printing until his death on February 2, 1810.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJoseph H. Seymour was an engraver who began his work with Isiah Thomas in Worcester, Massachusetts until relocating to Philadelphia between 1803-1822. Benjamin Tanner, the older brother of engraver Henry S. Tanner, was also an engraver who trained and began his career in New York City before relocating to Philadelphia some time before 1811.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bryan Edwards was born in Westbury, Wiltshire, England on May 21, 1743, the eldest son of Bryan Edwards and Elizabeth Bayly. After the death of his father in 1756, young Bryan came under the care of various family members, eventually relocating to Jamaica where he would spend the majority of the rest of his life. In 1793, he published the first London edition of his  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies , a two-volume account of the history and culture of the British colonized islands, which ran for five editions, including an 1806 edition published in Philadelphia by James Humphreys. He passed away on July 16, 1800 in Southampton, England.","James Humphreys was born on January 15, 1748/49 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to James Humphreys and Susanna Assheton. Humphreys was apprenticed to William Bradford, a Philadelphia printer, until 1770 and opened his own printing business in the city two years later. After being labeled a Loyalist during the outbreak of the American Revolution, Humphreys left Philadelphia for nearly 20 years, returning in late 1796 or early 1797. In reestablishing his printing business Humphreys chose to focus on book printing until his death on February 2, 1810.","Joseph H. Seymour was an engraver who began his work with Isiah Thomas in Worcester, Massachusetts until relocating to Philadelphia between 1803-1822. Benjamin Tanner, the older brother of engraver Henry S. Tanner, was also an engraver who trained and began his career in New York City before relocating to Philadelphia some time before 1811."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume, C0349, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume, C0349, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0213\"\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0072\"\u003eBroadus Bailey French Revolution print collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the  Broadus Bailey French Revolution print collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean, published by James Humphreys of Philadelphia. The three fold-out maps depict \"A New Map of the West Indies\" engraved by J.H. Seymour and St. Domingo and Jamaica engraved by Benjamin Tanner. The eight single page maps include St. Vincent, Barbados (spelled Barbadoes), the Virgin Islands, Grenada, and the Island of Tobago engraved by Benjamin Tanner, as well as \"Maps of the Island of Dominica\" engraved by J.H. Seymour, and the Island of St. Christophers and the Island of Antigua attributed to \"Marshall\". \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis atlas volume was printed to accompany the 1806 Philadelphia printing of Bryan Edwards' \u003ctitle\u003eHistory, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies\u003c/title\u003e and can be recognized by key details on the fold out maps, such as the circular cartouche that contains the title on the West Indies map and the signatures of the engravers in the bottom right corner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean, published by James Humphreys of Philadelphia. The three fold-out maps depict \"A New Map of the West Indies\" engraved by J.H. Seymour and St. Domingo and Jamaica engraved by Benjamin Tanner. The eight single page maps include St. Vincent, Barbados (spelled Barbadoes), the Virgin Islands, Grenada, and the Island of Tobago engraved by Benjamin Tanner, as well as \"Maps of the Island of Dominica\" engraved by J.H. Seymour, and the Island of St. Christophers and the Island of Antigua attributed to \"Marshall\". ","This atlas volume was printed to accompany the 1806 Philadelphia printing of Bryan Edwards'  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies  and can be recognized by key details on the fold out maps, such as the circular cartouche that contains the title on the West Indies map and the signatures of the engravers in the bottom right corner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_91825676cd5e3ac85f4dabf010e421c5\"\u003eA bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5cf157e1b91317611ab68cf1736409c2\"\u003eR 72, C 2, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 2, S 4"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848"],"persname_ssim":["Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-05T07:17:21.217Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_678.xml","title_ssm":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume"],"title_tesim":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1806"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0349","/repositories/2/resources/678"],"text":["C0349","/repositories/2/resources/678","\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume","Jamaica","Barbados","West Indies, British","Saint-Domingue","Saint Vincent","Dominica","Maps","Engraving","Atlases","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"A Philadelphia Atlas of the West Indies.\" n.d. William Reese Company. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM46236/bryan-edwards-james-humphreys-publisher-joseph-h-seymour-engraver/a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-with-a-whole-sheet-general-map-of-the-west-india-islands-and-a.","\"Biography – HUMPHREYS, JAMES – Volume V (1801-1820).\" n.d. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/humphreys_james_5F.html.","\"(Caribbean Atlas) A New Atlas of the British West Indies, with a Whole Sheet General Map of the West India Islands, and a Whole Sheet Map of the Island of Hispanola, or St. Domingo.\" n.d. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/84330/caribbean-atlas-a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-wi-humphreys.","\"Edwards, Bryan (1743–1800), Planter and Politician.\" n.d. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/8531.","Huseman, Ben. n.d. \"Subject and Course Guides: Cartographic Connections: Anatomy of a Map.\" Accessed September 27, 2023. https://libguides.uta.edu/c.php?g=26755\u0026p=164574.","\"Tanner, Benjamin (March 27, 1775 - c. 1846).\" n.d. Geographicus Rare Antique Maps. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.geographicus.com/P/ctgy\u0026Category_Code=tannerbenjamin.","Bryan Edwards was born in Westbury, Wiltshire, England on May 21, 1743, the eldest son of Bryan Edwards and Elizabeth Bayly. After the death of his father in 1756, young Bryan came under the care of various family members, eventually relocating to Jamaica where he would spend the majority of the rest of his life. In 1793, he published the first London edition of his  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies , a two-volume account of the history and culture of the British colonized islands, which ran for five editions, including an 1806 edition published in Philadelphia by James Humphreys. He passed away on July 16, 1800 in Southampton, England.","James Humphreys was born on January 15, 1748/49 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to James Humphreys and Susanna Assheton. Humphreys was apprenticed to William Bradford, a Philadelphia printer, until 1770 and opened his own printing business in the city two years later. After being labeled a Loyalist during the outbreak of the American Revolution, Humphreys left Philadelphia for nearly 20 years, returning in late 1796 or early 1797. In reestablishing his printing business Humphreys chose to focus on book printing until his death on February 2, 1810.","Joseph H. Seymour was an engraver who began his work with Isiah Thomas in Worcester, Massachusetts until relocating to Philadelphia between 1803-1822. Benjamin Tanner, the older brother of engraver Henry S. Tanner, was also an engraver who trained and began his career in New York City before relocating to Philadelphia some time before 1811.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the  Broadus Bailey French Revolution print collection .","A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean, published by James Humphreys of Philadelphia. The three fold-out maps depict \"A New Map of the West Indies\" engraved by J.H. Seymour and St. Domingo and Jamaica engraved by Benjamin Tanner. The eight single page maps include St. Vincent, Barbados (spelled Barbadoes), the Virgin Islands, Grenada, and the Island of Tobago engraved by Benjamin Tanner, as well as \"Maps of the Island of Dominica\" engraved by J.H. Seymour, and the Island of St. Christophers and the Island of Antigua attributed to \"Marshall\". ","This atlas volume was printed to accompany the 1806 Philadelphia printing of Bryan Edwards'  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies  and can be recognized by key details on the fold out maps, such as the circular cartouche that contains the title on the West Indies map and the signatures of the engravers in the bottom right corner.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean.","R 72, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0349","/repositories/2/resources/678"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume"],"collection_ssim":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Jamaica","Barbados","West Indies, British","Saint-Domingue","Saint Vincent","Dominica"],"geogname_ssim":["Jamaica","Barbados","West Indies, British","Saint-Domingue","Saint Vincent","Dominica"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Humphreys, James, 1748-1810"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Jamaica","Barbados","West Indies, British","Saint-Domingue","Saint Vincent","Dominica"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Atlases"],"date_range_isim":[1806],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"A Philadelphia Atlas of the West Indies.\" n.d. William Reese Company. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM46236/bryan-edwards-james-humphreys-publisher-joseph-h-seymour-engraver/a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-with-a-whole-sheet-general-map-of-the-west-india-islands-and-a.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Biography – HUMPHREYS, JAMES – Volume V (1801-1820).\" n.d. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/humphreys_james_5F.html.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"(Caribbean Atlas) A New Atlas of the British West Indies, with a Whole Sheet General Map of the West India Islands, and a Whole Sheet Map of the Island of Hispanola, or St. Domingo.\" n.d. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/84330/caribbean-atlas-a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-wi-humphreys.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Edwards, Bryan (1743–1800), Planter and Politician.\" n.d. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/8531.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHuseman, Ben. n.d. \"Subject and Course Guides: Cartographic Connections: Anatomy of a Map.\" Accessed September 27, 2023. https://libguides.uta.edu/c.php?g=26755\u0026amp;p=164574.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Tanner, Benjamin (March 27, 1775 - c. 1846).\" n.d. Geographicus Rare Antique Maps. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.geographicus.com/P/ctgy\u0026amp;Category_Code=tannerbenjamin.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"A Philadelphia Atlas of the West Indies.\" n.d. William Reese Company. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM46236/bryan-edwards-james-humphreys-publisher-joseph-h-seymour-engraver/a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-with-a-whole-sheet-general-map-of-the-west-india-islands-and-a.","\"Biography – HUMPHREYS, JAMES – Volume V (1801-1820).\" n.d. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/humphreys_james_5F.html.","\"(Caribbean Atlas) A New Atlas of the British West Indies, with a Whole Sheet General Map of the West India Islands, and a Whole Sheet Map of the Island of Hispanola, or St. Domingo.\" n.d. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/84330/caribbean-atlas-a-new-atlas-of-the-british-west-indies-wi-humphreys.","\"Edwards, Bryan (1743–1800), Planter and Politician.\" n.d. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/8531.","Huseman, Ben. n.d. \"Subject and Course Guides: Cartographic Connections: Anatomy of a Map.\" Accessed September 27, 2023. https://libguides.uta.edu/c.php?g=26755\u0026p=164574.","\"Tanner, Benjamin (March 27, 1775 - c. 1846).\" n.d. Geographicus Rare Antique Maps. Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.geographicus.com/P/ctgy\u0026Category_Code=tannerbenjamin."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBryan Edwards was born in Westbury, Wiltshire, England on May 21, 1743, the eldest son of Bryan Edwards and Elizabeth Bayly. After the death of his father in 1756, young Bryan came under the care of various family members, eventually relocating to Jamaica where he would spend the majority of the rest of his life. In 1793, he published the first London edition of his \u003ctitle\u003eHistory, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies\u003c/title\u003e, a two-volume account of the history and culture of the British colonized islands, which ran for five editions, including an 1806 edition published in Philadelphia by James Humphreys. He passed away on July 16, 1800 in Southampton, England.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Humphreys was born on January 15, 1748/49 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to James Humphreys and Susanna Assheton. Humphreys was apprenticed to William Bradford, a Philadelphia printer, until 1770 and opened his own printing business in the city two years later. After being labeled a Loyalist during the outbreak of the American Revolution, Humphreys left Philadelphia for nearly 20 years, returning in late 1796 or early 1797. In reestablishing his printing business Humphreys chose to focus on book printing until his death on February 2, 1810.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJoseph H. Seymour was an engraver who began his work with Isiah Thomas in Worcester, Massachusetts until relocating to Philadelphia between 1803-1822. Benjamin Tanner, the older brother of engraver Henry S. Tanner, was also an engraver who trained and began his career in New York City before relocating to Philadelphia some time before 1811.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bryan Edwards was born in Westbury, Wiltshire, England on May 21, 1743, the eldest son of Bryan Edwards and Elizabeth Bayly. After the death of his father in 1756, young Bryan came under the care of various family members, eventually relocating to Jamaica where he would spend the majority of the rest of his life. In 1793, he published the first London edition of his  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies , a two-volume account of the history and culture of the British colonized islands, which ran for five editions, including an 1806 edition published in Philadelphia by James Humphreys. He passed away on July 16, 1800 in Southampton, England.","James Humphreys was born on January 15, 1748/49 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to James Humphreys and Susanna Assheton. Humphreys was apprenticed to William Bradford, a Philadelphia printer, until 1770 and opened his own printing business in the city two years later. After being labeled a Loyalist during the outbreak of the American Revolution, Humphreys left Philadelphia for nearly 20 years, returning in late 1796 or early 1797. In reestablishing his printing business Humphreys chose to focus on book printing until his death on February 2, 1810.","Joseph H. Seymour was an engraver who began his work with Isiah Thomas in Worcester, Massachusetts until relocating to Philadelphia between 1803-1822. Benjamin Tanner, the older brother of engraver Henry S. Tanner, was also an engraver who trained and began his career in New York City before relocating to Philadelphia some time before 1811."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume, C0349, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume, C0349, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0213\"\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0072\"\u003eBroadus Bailey French Revolution print collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the  Broadus Bailey French Revolution print collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean, published by James Humphreys of Philadelphia. The three fold-out maps depict \"A New Map of the West Indies\" engraved by J.H. Seymour and St. Domingo and Jamaica engraved by Benjamin Tanner. The eight single page maps include St. Vincent, Barbados (spelled Barbadoes), the Virgin Islands, Grenada, and the Island of Tobago engraved by Benjamin Tanner, as well as \"Maps of the Island of Dominica\" engraved by J.H. Seymour, and the Island of St. Christophers and the Island of Antigua attributed to \"Marshall\". \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis atlas volume was printed to accompany the 1806 Philadelphia printing of Bryan Edwards' \u003ctitle\u003eHistory, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies\u003c/title\u003e and can be recognized by key details on the fold out maps, such as the circular cartouche that contains the title on the West Indies map and the signatures of the engravers in the bottom right corner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean, published by James Humphreys of Philadelphia. The three fold-out maps depict \"A New Map of the West Indies\" engraved by J.H. Seymour and St. Domingo and Jamaica engraved by Benjamin Tanner. The eight single page maps include St. Vincent, Barbados (spelled Barbadoes), the Virgin Islands, Grenada, and the Island of Tobago engraved by Benjamin Tanner, as well as \"Maps of the Island of Dominica\" engraved by J.H. Seymour, and the Island of St. Christophers and the Island of Antigua attributed to \"Marshall\". ","This atlas volume was printed to accompany the 1806 Philadelphia printing of Bryan Edwards'  History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies  and can be recognized by key details on the fold out maps, such as the circular cartouche that contains the title on the West Indies map and the signatures of the engravers in the bottom right corner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_91825676cd5e3ac85f4dabf010e421c5\"\u003eA bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" containing 11 maps of various 19th century colonized islands in the Caribbean."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5cf157e1b91317611ab68cf1736409c2\"\u003eR 72, C 2, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 2, S 4"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848"],"persname_ssim":["Humphreys, James, 1748-1810","Seymour, Joseph H.","Edwards, Bryan, 1743-1800","Tanner, Benjamin, 1775-1848"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-05T07:17:21.217Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_678"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_144.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"text":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144","Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History","Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by locality of primary image.","The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  , the  , and the WRLC digital collection  . The   is available for GMU affiliated researchers.","The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. ","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.","The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Civil War in the United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Journal Article with Print Reproductions","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","by the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce; City Brochure with Photographs and Map","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XL - Vol. VII","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Charles Graham; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by National Photo Co.","Picturesque Washington","by Bell; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Published by The Gray Line Sight Seeing Tours","Published by B. S. Reynolds Co.","Published by the Post Exchange, Fort Myer, VA.","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","by A. Waud; The New-York Illustrated News","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","By J. Becker; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 7.8 in folder 9]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 7.7 in folder 9]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Same image as 20.9 in folder 10","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Same image as 3.4 in folder 10","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The Civil War in the United States","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Mead; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","On the Shenandoah and the Chickahominy","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News, 2 prints","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Youths' History of he United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","by Edwin Forbes","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","by W. Peters; Harper's Weekly","Pictorial War Record","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by T.R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Walter A. Lane; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Henry Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.12 in folder 18]","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.10 in folder 18]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.6 in folder 20]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.5 in folder 20]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Loudon County","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly [Same as image 2.21B and 2.21C in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.20A in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.32A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.32B in folder 26]","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.31 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Allen C. Redwood; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by John Pope; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by W. Momberger and J. C. McRae; Abbotts Civil War","by Penfield","by Mr. Edwin Forbes","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.34 in folder 26]","The Illustrated London News","by Penfield; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by F. O. C. Darley and W. Ridgway","by P. Meeder","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.12A in folder 26]","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.2A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.2B in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.22 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.5A in folder 26]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Currier and Ives","by Fisk and Russell; History of the Great Rebellion","The Civil War","Civil War in America/ War and Its Horrors","by M. D. McAlester","by Julius Bien and Co.","History of the Great Rebellion","Civil War in America, War and Its Horrors","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by P. W. O. Koerner","by Maj. N. Michler","Harper's Weekly","by Andrew B. Graham Photo-Litho","by Rand McNally and Co.; Commercial Atlas","Rand McNally","Rand McNally","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","American Automobile Association","by L. L. Poates","History of the United States","Operations in Northeastern Virginia","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 1","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Engr. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Engr. V.D.","by J. J. Young","by W. G. Atkinson","by Brig. Gen. D.P. Woodbury","by Brig. Gen. G.K. Warren","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","by John Pilsen; Julius Bien and Co.","by Franz Kappner; Julius Bien and Co.","by the geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by A. Maedel, H. S. Barnard and A. Peterson; Survey of the Coast of the United States, Coast Survey Office","The Civil War","by Waters-Son N.Y.","by G. Woolworth Oolton N.Y.","by William J. Wilson","by Charles Magnus","by Fisk and Russell N.Y.","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","By Walker \u0026 Boutall","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Anton Kellner; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The New-York Illustrated News","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","by J. Lansing and R. P. Johnson; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by James Lansing; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Col. Battersby; Harper's Weekly","by R. F. Zogbaum; Harper's Weekly","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.39 in folder 33]","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion","Harpers Weekly","Ballou's Pictorial","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News [Same image as 20.12 in folder 33]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.28 in folder 33]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17A in folder 35]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17B in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9A in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9B in folder 35]","Pictorial War Record","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 1.12]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.6 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.3 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.1 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Picturesque America","Picturesque America","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","by E. S. Hall; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","by Wm. L. Sheppard; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [2 copies]","The New York Illustrated News","by A. R. Waud; Pictorial War Record","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by A. R. Waud; The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by Johnson and Ward","by Julius Bien and Co.","by Johnson and Ward","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [2 copies]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Charles Sholt [?]; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Gilbert Gaul; Harpers Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Confederate Soldier in the Civil War","[same image as 19.2A]","[same image as 19.2B]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1A]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1B]","By E. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Sol Eytinge; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.4 in folder 46]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.3 in folder 46]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Mr. Theodore R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by E. F. Mullen; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War [same image as 5.7 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition][same image as 5.6 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly (supplement)","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","Cassell's Illustrated History of England","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Public domain. There are no known restrictions.","The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.","Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"collection_ssim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Special Collections and Archives in 1997-2005 from Prints Old and Rare."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by locality of primary image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by locality of primary image."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Alexander Haight family collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0159\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Milton Barnes papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0065\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the WRLC digital collection \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Civil War Archive\" href=\"http://www.aladin.wrlc.org/gsdl/collect/vacw/vacw.shtml\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. The \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"digital version of Harper's Weekly\" href=\"http://app.harpweek.com/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e is available for GMU affiliated researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  , the  , and the WRLC digital collection  . The   is available for GMU affiliated researchers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJournal Article with Print Reproductions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce; City Brochure with Photographs and Map\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XL - Vol. VII\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Graham; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby National Photo Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePicturesque Washington\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by The Gray Line Sight Seeing Tours\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by B. S. Reynolds Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by the Post Exchange, Fort Myer, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Waud; The New-York Illustrated News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy J. Becker; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 7.8 in folder 9]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 7.7 in folder 9]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSame image as 20.9 in folder 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSame image as 3.4 in folder 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Mead; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the Shenandoah and the Chickahominy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News, 2 prints\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Youths' History of he United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby W. Peters; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial War Record\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby T.R. Davis; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Walter A. Lane; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Henry Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.12 in folder 18]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.10 in folder 18]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [same image as 20.6 in folder 20]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [same image as 20.5 in folder 20]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoudon County\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same as image 2.21B and 2.21C in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.20A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.32A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.32B in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same image as 2.31 in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Allen C. Redwood; Journal Article with Print Reproductions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby John Pope; Journal Article with Print Reproductions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby W. Momberger and J. C. McRae; Abbotts Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Penfield\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Edwin Forbes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.34 in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Penfield; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby F. O. C. Darley and W. Ridgway\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby P. Meeder\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same image as 2.12A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.2A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.2B in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.22 in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same image as 2.5A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Currier and Ives\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Fisk and Russell; History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivil War in America/ War and Its Horrors\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby M. D. McAlester\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivil War in America, War and Its Horrors\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Capt. W. Angelo Powell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby P. W. O. Koerner\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Maj. N. Michler\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Andrew B. Graham Photo-Litho\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Rand McNally and Co.; Commercial Atlas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRand McNally\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRand McNally\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Automobile Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby L. L. Poates\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOperations in Northeastern Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. 2d Corps\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. 2d Corps\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. A.V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. A.V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. A.V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby W. G. Atkinson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Brig. Gen. D.P. Woodbury\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Brig. Gen. G.K. Warren\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Capt. W. Angelo Powell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby John Pilsen; Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Franz Kappner; Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Maedel, H. S. Barnard and A. Peterson; Survey of the Coast of the United States, Coast Survey Office\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Waters-Son N.Y.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby G. Woolworth Oolton N.Y.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby William J. Wilson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Fisk and Russell N.Y.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Walker \u0026amp; Boutall\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Anton Kellner; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New-York Illustrated News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. Lansing and R. P. Johnson; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby James Lansing; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Col. Battersby; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby R. F. Zogbaum; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.39 in folder 33]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBallou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarpers Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBallou's Pictorial\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [Same image as 20.12 in folder 33]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.28 in folder 33]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17A in folder 35]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17B in folder 35]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9A in folder 35]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9B in folder 35]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial War Record\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 1.12]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [same image as 1.6 in folder 37]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [same image as 1.3 in folder 37]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [same image as 1.1 in folder 37]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePicturesque America\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePicturesque America\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby E. S. Hall; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Wm. L. Sheppard; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [2 copies]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Illustrated News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. R. Waud; Pictorial War Record\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. R. Waud; The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Johnson and Ward\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Johnson and Ward\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngineer Department. U.S. Army\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngineer Department. U.S. Army\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [2 copies]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Sholt [?]; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Gilbert Gaul; Harpers Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Confederate Soldier in the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[same image as 19.2A]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[same image as 19.2B]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1A]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1B]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy E. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Sol Eytinge; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [same image as 15.4 in folder 46]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [same image as 15.3 in folder 46]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Mr. Theodore R. Davis; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby E. F. Mullen; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War [same image as 5.7 in folder 48]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition][same image as 5.6 in folder 48]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly (supplement)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCassell's Illustrated History of England\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. ","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.","The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Civil War in the United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Journal Article with Print Reproductions","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","by the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce; City Brochure with Photographs and Map","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XL - Vol. VII","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Charles Graham; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by National Photo Co.","Picturesque Washington","by Bell; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Published by The Gray Line Sight Seeing Tours","Published by B. S. Reynolds Co.","Published by the Post Exchange, Fort Myer, VA.","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","by A. Waud; The New-York Illustrated News","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","By J. Becker; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 7.8 in folder 9]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 7.7 in folder 9]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Same image as 20.9 in folder 10","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Same image as 3.4 in folder 10","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The Civil War in the United States","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Mead; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","On the Shenandoah and the Chickahominy","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News, 2 prints","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Youths' History of he United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","by Edwin Forbes","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","by W. Peters; Harper's Weekly","Pictorial War Record","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by T.R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Walter A. Lane; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Henry Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.12 in folder 18]","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.10 in folder 18]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.6 in folder 20]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.5 in folder 20]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Loudon County","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly [Same as image 2.21B and 2.21C in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.20A in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.32A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.32B in folder 26]","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.31 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Allen C. Redwood; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by John Pope; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by W. Momberger and J. C. McRae; Abbotts Civil War","by Penfield","by Mr. Edwin Forbes","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.34 in folder 26]","The Illustrated London News","by Penfield; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by F. O. C. Darley and W. Ridgway","by P. Meeder","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.12A in folder 26]","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.2A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.2B in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.22 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.5A in folder 26]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Currier and Ives","by Fisk and Russell; History of the Great Rebellion","The Civil War","Civil War in America/ War and Its Horrors","by M. D. McAlester","by Julius Bien and Co.","History of the Great Rebellion","Civil War in America, War and Its Horrors","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by P. W. O. Koerner","by Maj. N. Michler","Harper's Weekly","by Andrew B. Graham Photo-Litho","by Rand McNally and Co.; Commercial Atlas","Rand McNally","Rand McNally","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","American Automobile Association","by L. L. Poates","History of the United States","Operations in Northeastern Virginia","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 1","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Engr. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Engr. V.D.","by J. J. Young","by W. G. Atkinson","by Brig. Gen. D.P. Woodbury","by Brig. Gen. G.K. Warren","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","by John Pilsen; Julius Bien and Co.","by Franz Kappner; Julius Bien and Co.","by the geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by A. Maedel, H. S. Barnard and A. Peterson; Survey of the Coast of the United States, Coast Survey Office","The Civil War","by Waters-Son N.Y.","by G. Woolworth Oolton N.Y.","by William J. Wilson","by Charles Magnus","by Fisk and Russell N.Y.","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","By Walker \u0026 Boutall","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Anton Kellner; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The New-York Illustrated News","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","by J. Lansing and R. P. Johnson; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by James Lansing; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Col. Battersby; Harper's Weekly","by R. F. Zogbaum; Harper's Weekly","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.39 in folder 33]","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion","Harpers Weekly","Ballou's Pictorial","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News [Same image as 20.12 in folder 33]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.28 in folder 33]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17A in folder 35]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17B in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9A in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9B in folder 35]","Pictorial War Record","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 1.12]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.6 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.3 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.1 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Picturesque America","Picturesque America","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","by E. S. Hall; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","by Wm. L. Sheppard; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [2 copies]","The New York Illustrated News","by A. R. Waud; Pictorial War Record","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by A. R. Waud; The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by Johnson and Ward","by Julius Bien and Co.","by Johnson and Ward","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [2 copies]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Charles Sholt [?]; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Gilbert Gaul; Harpers Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Confederate Soldier in the Civil War","[same image as 19.2A]","[same image as 19.2B]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1A]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1B]","By E. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Sol Eytinge; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.4 in folder 46]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.3 in folder 46]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Mr. Theodore R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by E. F. Mullen; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War [same image as 5.7 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition][same image as 5.6 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly (supplement)","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","Cassell's Illustrated History of England","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dbd7a4df24b2682fee1bc6ec071e507a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a70d19fef0e8a7a6be4be2038580131d\"\u003eMap Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":471,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:12:58.124Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_144.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"text":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144","Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History","Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by locality of primary image.","The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  , the  , and the WRLC digital collection  . The   is available for GMU affiliated researchers.","The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. ","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.","The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Civil War in the United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Journal Article with Print Reproductions","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","by the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce; City Brochure with Photographs and Map","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XL - Vol. VII","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Charles Graham; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by National Photo Co.","Picturesque Washington","by Bell; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Published by The Gray Line Sight Seeing Tours","Published by B. S. Reynolds Co.","Published by the Post Exchange, Fort Myer, VA.","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","by A. Waud; The New-York Illustrated News","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","By J. Becker; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 7.8 in folder 9]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 7.7 in folder 9]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Same image as 20.9 in folder 10","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Same image as 3.4 in folder 10","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The Civil War in the United States","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Mead; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","On the Shenandoah and the Chickahominy","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News, 2 prints","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Youths' History of he United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","by Edwin Forbes","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","by W. Peters; Harper's Weekly","Pictorial War Record","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by T.R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Walter A. Lane; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Henry Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.12 in folder 18]","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.10 in folder 18]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.6 in folder 20]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.5 in folder 20]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Loudon County","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly [Same as image 2.21B and 2.21C in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.20A in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.32A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.32B in folder 26]","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.31 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Allen C. Redwood; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by John Pope; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by W. Momberger and J. C. McRae; Abbotts Civil War","by Penfield","by Mr. Edwin Forbes","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.34 in folder 26]","The Illustrated London News","by Penfield; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by F. O. C. Darley and W. Ridgway","by P. Meeder","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.12A in folder 26]","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.2A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.2B in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.22 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.5A in folder 26]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Currier and Ives","by Fisk and Russell; History of the Great Rebellion","The Civil War","Civil War in America/ War and Its Horrors","by M. D. McAlester","by Julius Bien and Co.","History of the Great Rebellion","Civil War in America, War and Its Horrors","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by P. W. O. Koerner","by Maj. N. Michler","Harper's Weekly","by Andrew B. Graham Photo-Litho","by Rand McNally and Co.; Commercial Atlas","Rand McNally","Rand McNally","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","American Automobile Association","by L. L. Poates","History of the United States","Operations in Northeastern Virginia","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 1","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Engr. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Engr. V.D.","by J. J. Young","by W. G. Atkinson","by Brig. Gen. D.P. Woodbury","by Brig. Gen. G.K. Warren","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","by John Pilsen; Julius Bien and Co.","by Franz Kappner; Julius Bien and Co.","by the geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by A. Maedel, H. S. Barnard and A. Peterson; Survey of the Coast of the United States, Coast Survey Office","The Civil War","by Waters-Son N.Y.","by G. Woolworth Oolton N.Y.","by William J. Wilson","by Charles Magnus","by Fisk and Russell N.Y.","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","By Walker \u0026 Boutall","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Anton Kellner; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The New-York Illustrated News","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","by J. Lansing and R. P. Johnson; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by James Lansing; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Col. Battersby; Harper's Weekly","by R. F. Zogbaum; Harper's Weekly","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.39 in folder 33]","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion","Harpers Weekly","Ballou's Pictorial","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News [Same image as 20.12 in folder 33]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.28 in folder 33]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17A in folder 35]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17B in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9A in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9B in folder 35]","Pictorial War Record","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 1.12]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.6 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.3 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.1 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Picturesque America","Picturesque America","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","by E. S. Hall; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","by Wm. L. Sheppard; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [2 copies]","The New York Illustrated News","by A. R. Waud; Pictorial War Record","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by A. R. Waud; The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by Johnson and Ward","by Julius Bien and Co.","by Johnson and Ward","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [2 copies]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Charles Sholt [?]; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Gilbert Gaul; Harpers Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Confederate Soldier in the Civil War","[same image as 19.2A]","[same image as 19.2B]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1A]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1B]","By E. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Sol Eytinge; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.4 in folder 46]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.3 in folder 46]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Mr. Theodore R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by E. F. Mullen; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War [same image as 5.7 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition][same image as 5.6 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly (supplement)","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","Cassell's Illustrated History of England","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Public domain. There are no known restrictions.","The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.","Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"collection_ssim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Special Collections and Archives in 1997-2005 from Prints Old and Rare."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by locality of primary image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by locality of primary image."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Alexander Haight family collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0159\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Milton Barnes papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0065\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the WRLC digital collection \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Civil War Archive\" href=\"http://www.aladin.wrlc.org/gsdl/collect/vacw/vacw.shtml\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. The \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"digital version of Harper's Weekly\" href=\"http://app.harpweek.com/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e is available for GMU affiliated researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  , the  , and the WRLC digital collection  . The   is available for GMU affiliated researchers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Magnus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJournal Article with Print Reproductions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce; City Brochure with Photographs and Map\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XL - Vol. VII\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Charles Graham; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby National Photo Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePicturesque Washington\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Bell; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by The Gray Line Sight Seeing Tours\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by B. S. Reynolds Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by the Post Exchange, Fort Myer, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Waud; The New-York Illustrated News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy J. Becker; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 7.8 in folder 9]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 7.7 in folder 9]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Pictorial History of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSame image as 20.9 in folder 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSame image as 3.4 in folder 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Mead; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the Shenandoah and the Chickahominy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News, 2 prints\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial Battles of the Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Youths' History of he United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial History of the War of 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby W. Peters; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePictorial War Record\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby T.R. Davis; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Walter A. Lane; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Henry Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.12 in folder 18]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.10 in folder 18]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [same image as 20.6 in folder 20]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [same image as 20.5 in folder 20]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoudon County\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same as image 2.21B and 2.21C in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.20A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.32A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.32B in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same image as 2.31 in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Allen C. Redwood; Journal Article with Print Reproductions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby John Pope; Journal Article with Print Reproductions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby W. Momberger and J. C. McRae; Abbotts Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Penfield\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Edwin Forbes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.34 in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Penfield; Harper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby F. O. C. Darley and W. Ridgway\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby P. Meeder\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same image as 2.12A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.2A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.2B in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.22 in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly [Same image as 2.5A in folder 26]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Currier and Ives\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Fisk and Russell; History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivil War in America/ War and Its Horrors\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby M. D. McAlester\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivil War in America, War and Its Horrors\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Capt. W. Angelo Powell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby P. W. O. Koerner\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Maj. N. Michler\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Andrew B. Graham Photo-Litho\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Rand McNally and Co.; Commercial Atlas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRand McNally\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRand McNally\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Automobile Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby L. L. Poates\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of the United States\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOperations in Northeastern Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's History of the Great Rebellion\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. Office, V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. 2d Corps\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. 2d Corps\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. A.V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. A.V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Eng. A.V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTop Engr. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby J. J. Young\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby W. G. Atkinson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Brig. Gen. D.P. Woodbury\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Brig. Gen. G.K. Warren\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Capt. W. Angelo Powell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby John Pilsen; Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby Franz Kappner; Julius Bien and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eby A. Maedel, H. S. Barnard and A. 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and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. ","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.","The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","by Charles Magnus","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Civil War in the United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Journal Article with Print Reproductions","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by A. Waud; Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","by the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce; City Brochure with Photographs and Map","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XL - Vol. VII","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Charles Graham; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by Bell; Harper's Weekly","by National Photo Co.","Picturesque Washington","by Bell; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Published by The Gray Line Sight Seeing Tours","Published by B. S. Reynolds Co.","Published by the Post Exchange, Fort Myer, VA.","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","by A. Waud; The New-York Illustrated News","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","By J. Becker; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 7.8 in folder 9]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 7.7 in folder 9]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","Same image as 20.9 in folder 10","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Same image as 3.4 in folder 10","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The Civil War in the United States","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Mead; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","On the Shenandoah and the Chickahominy","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News, 2 prints","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Youths' History of he United States","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Pictorial History of the War of 1861","by Edwin Forbes","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","by W. Peters; Harper's Weekly","Pictorial War Record","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by T.R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Walter A. Lane; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Henry Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.12 in folder 18]","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 3.10 in folder 18]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.6 in folder 20]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 20.5 in folder 20]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Loudon County","Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly [Same as image 2.21B and 2.21C in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.20A in folder 26]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.32A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.32B in folder 26]","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.31 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Allen C. Redwood; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by John Pope; Journal Article with Print Reproductions","by W. Momberger and J. C. McRae; Abbotts Civil War","by Penfield","by Mr. Edwin Forbes","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.34 in folder 26]","The Illustrated London News","by Penfield; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by F. O. C. Darley and W. Ridgway","by P. Meeder","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Edwin Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.12A in folder 26]","The Soldier in Our Civil War [Same image as 2.2A in folder 26]","The Soldier in our Civil War [Same image as 2.2B in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.22 in folder 26]","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [Same image as 2.5A in folder 26]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","by Currier and Ives","by Fisk and Russell; History of the Great Rebellion","The Civil War","Civil War in America/ War and Its Horrors","by M. D. McAlester","by Julius Bien and Co.","History of the Great Rebellion","Civil War in America, War and Its Horrors","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by P. W. O. Koerner","by Maj. N. Michler","Harper's Weekly","by Andrew B. Graham Photo-Litho","by Rand McNally and Co.; Commercial Atlas","Rand McNally","Rand McNally","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","American Automobile Association","by L. L. Poates","History of the United States","Operations in Northeastern Virginia","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 1","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","by J. J. Young and W. Hesselbach; Surveys for Military Defenses, Sheet 2","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Eng. 2d Corps","Top Engr. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Eng. A.V.D.","Top Engr. V.D.","by J. J. Young","by W. G. Atkinson","by Brig. Gen. D.P. Woodbury","by Brig. Gen. G.K. Warren","by Capt. W. Angelo Powell","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","Julius Bien and Co.","by John Pilsen; Julius Bien and Co.","by Franz Kappner; Julius Bien and Co.","by the geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by the Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey","by A. Maedel, H. S. Barnard and A. Peterson; Survey of the Coast of the United States, Coast Survey Office","The Civil War","by Waters-Son N.Y.","by G. Woolworth Oolton N.Y.","by William J. Wilson","by Charles Magnus","by Fisk and Russell N.Y.","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","By Walker \u0026 Boutall","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Newspaper","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Anton Kellner; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","The New-York Illustrated News","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by J. E. Taylor; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Pictorial History of the Civil War","by J. Lansing and R. P. Johnson; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by James Lansing; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Col. Battersby; Harper's Weekly","by R. F. Zogbaum; Harper's Weekly","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.39 in folder 33]","The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Edwin Forbes; The Soldier in Our Civil War","Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion","Harpers Weekly","Ballou's Pictorial","The Soldier in our Civil War","The Illustrated London News [Same image as 20.12 in folder 33]","By Edwin Forbes; The Civil War in the United States [Same image as 20.28 in folder 33]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","The Illustrated London News","Harper's Weekly","Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17A in folder 35]","Pictorial History of the War of 1861 [same image as 6.17B in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9A in folder 35]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 6.9B in folder 35]","Pictorial War Record","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [same image as 1.12]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.6 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.3 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as 1.1 in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Picturesque America","Picturesque America","The Illustrated London News [same image as unnumbered in folder 37]","by E. S. Hall; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","by Wm. L. Sheppard; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Harper's History of the Great Rebellion","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [2 copies]","The New York Illustrated News","by A. R. Waud; Pictorial War Record","By A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","by A. R. Waud; The Pictorial Battles of the Civil War","by Johnson and Ward","by Julius Bien and Co.","by Johnson and Ward","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Top Engr. Office, V.D.","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","Engineer Department. U.S. Army","The Illustrated London News","by Mr. Davenport; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [2 copies]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition]","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Charles Sholt [?]; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","by Gilbert Gaul; Harpers Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by Mr. A. R. Waud; Harper's Weekly","by H. Lovie; The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Soldier in Our Civil War","The Confederate Soldier in the Civil War","[same image as 19.2A]","[same image as 19.2B]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1A]","The Civil War in the United States [same image as 19.1B]","By E. Forbes; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","by Sol Eytinge; Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.4 in folder 46]","Harper's Weekly [same image as 15.3 in folder 46]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Mr. Theodore R. Davis; Harper's Weekly","The Illustrated London News","The Illustrated London News","by E. F. Mullen; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Harper's Weekly","The Soldier in Our Civil War [same image as 5.7 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper [German Language Edition][same image as 5.6 in folder 48]","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","The Soldier in Our Civil War","Harper's Weekly (supplement)","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","By Gen. Barnard; Defenses of Washington","Cassell's Illustrated History of England","Harper's Weekly","Harper's Weekly"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dbd7a4df24b2682fee1bc6ec071e507a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a70d19fef0e8a7a6be4be2038580131d\"\u003eMap Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":471,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:12:58.124Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_686.xml","title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1856"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1856"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"text":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686","\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume","Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)","Maps","Engraving","Atlases","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.","In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the   \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume .","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.","R 71 , C 1 , S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"collection_ssim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"geogname_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor is unknown"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Atlases"],"date_range_isim":[1856],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAshworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical and Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0213\"\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0349\"\u003e \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the   \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026amp; Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f1b8faee8da58f9a9a1365aa6179c415\"\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0611f8a61d196c2050f6ccd72c9fbd7c\"\u003eR 71 , C 1 , S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71 , C 1 , S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"persname_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:22:41.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_686.xml","title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1856"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1856"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"text":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686","\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume","Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)","Maps","Engraving","Atlases","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.","In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the   \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume .","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.","R 71 , C 1 , S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"collection_ssim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"geogname_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"places_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor is unknown"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Atlases"],"date_range_isim":[1856],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAshworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical and Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0213\"\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0349\"\u003e \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the  C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection  and the   \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026amp; Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f1b8faee8da58f9a9a1365aa6179c415\"\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0611f8a61d196c2050f6ccd72c9fbd7c\"\u003eR 71 , C 1 , S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 71 , C 1 , S 7"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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