{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Lithography\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Lithography\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Lithography\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":13,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Seven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_779.xml","title_filing_ssi":"18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes","title_ssm":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"title_tesim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1780s-1880s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1780s-1880s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"text":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes","C0554","/repositories/2/resources/779","France","England","Performing arts","Theater -- France","Theater -- Europe","Theater","Costume design","Engraving","Lithography","Portraits","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single folder collection.","\"Anthony van Dyck (1599 - 1641) | National Gallery, London.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/anthony-van-dyck.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Jan Luyken | 17th-Century, Engraver, Poet.\" Britannica. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-Luyken.","Château de Versailles. n.d. \"Louis Philippe I.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/louis-philippe-i.","Hellqvist, Maria. 2012. \"DigiLellky and Recorder Notes.\" The Music \u0026 Theater Blog, September 5. https://old.capricemusic.se/musikochteaterbloggen/tag/bilder/.","\"La Fin de Montmartre, Louis Morin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://collections.artsmia.org/art/108280/la-fin-de-montmartre-louis-morin.","National Portrait Gallery. n.d. \"Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw131824/Robert-Dormer-1st-Earl-of-Carnarvon.","NYPL Digital Collections. n.d. \"Theatrical Portraits.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/0f8a69f0-88fa-0134-5ed3-00505686a51c?canvasIndex=1.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adaptations of Manon Lescaut.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adaptations_of_Manon_Lescaut\u0026oldid=1342788258#Stage_adaptations.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Louis Philippe I.\" June 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Philippe_I\u0026oldid=1360818066#King_of_the_French_(1830%E2%80%931848).","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Rose Chéri.\" May 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rose_Ch%C3%A9ri\u0026oldid=1353223651.","Known by the stage name Rose Chéri, Rose-Marie Cizos (1824-1861) was a French actress and the daughter of composer and conductor Victor Chéri and sister of actress Anna Chéri (also known as Chéri Lesueur).","Louis Philipe I (1773-1850), also known as the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830-1848. He is the last French monarch with the title \"King\" being succeeded by Emperor Napoleon III. Coming to power following the Bourbon Restoration, Louis Philipe began his reign promising a new constitutional monarchy modeled after the British, but found himself faced with growing political unrest. He was ultimately overthrown and formally abdicated following the French Revolution of 1848 and the founding of the French Second Republic.","Robet Dormer (1610?-1643) was an English Lord, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, and a courtier and royalist.","Manon Lescaut is a 1731 French novel by Antoine François Prévost that has seen numerous adapations including stage plays, ballets, opera, and films. It tells the tragic story of a love affair between a nobleman and a common woman named Manon Lescaut.","Un mariage sous la Régence is a comedy by Léon Guillard, presented at the Théâtre Français in 1850.","Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) was a Flemish painter active during the early 17th century and best known for his work as a painter of portraits, as well as religious and mythological subjects. In 1621, he worked in service of King James I of England and after several years working throughout Europe he returned to the English court in 1632 where he painted portraits of King Charles I and his family.","Alexandre Lacauchie (also known as A.L.) was a French painter, engraver, and lithographer active in the mid-19th century, best known for images of contemporary dancers, actors, and singers.","Jan Luiken (also spelled Luyken, 1969-1712) was a Dutch lithographer and poet. Known in his early years for him hedonistic subject matter, Luiken converted to a highly pious form of Christianity following his marriage in 1672. He worked briefly as a book illustrator before withdrawing from society and focusing his poetic works on mystical religious themes.","Louis Morin (1855-1938) was a French author, illustrator, and painter. Based in Paris, France some of Morin's best remembered works include views of Montmartre, silhouette figures for the theatre d'ombres [shadow plays] staged at the Chat Noir nightclub, and his contributions to humor magazines.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other etchings and illustrations, such as Jean-Jacques de Boissieu etching print of a country scene and Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.","- \"Melle. Luther, rôle de L'Amour dans Un Mariage sous la Régence.\" [Miss Luther, Role of Love in a Marriage during the Regency.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 521)","-\"Costume de Mlle. Carline, Rôle de Julie dans les Étourdis, ou le Mort Supposé.\" [Costume of Miss Carline, Role of Julie in The Dazzled, or The Supposed Dead Man]","- \"Costume des Rois d'Egipte. D'après Luiken.\" [Costume of the Kings of Egypt. After Luiken.] Likely originally appeared in Levacher de Charnois's Costumes et annales des grands théâtres de Paris, en figures colorées, accompagnés de notices intéressantes et curieuses [ Costumes and chronicles of the major theatres of Paris, with coloured plates, accompanied by interesting notices and curiosities], originally a published weekly from 1786–89.","- \"Mme. Rose Chéri dans Manon Lescaut.\" [Mrs. Rose Chéri in Manon Lescaut.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 558)","- \"Louis Philippe 1er. / Roi des Français.\" [Louis Philippe I / King of the French]","- \"Lord Carnarvon.\" Engraving after original portrait Sir Anthony van Dyck.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Seven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century.","R 73, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641","English\n      French"],"collection_title_tesim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"collection_ssim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0554","/repositories/2/resources/779"],"unitid_tesim":["C0554","/repositories/2/resources/779"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["France","England"],"geogname_ssim":["France","England"],"places_ssim":["France","England"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Theater -- France","Theater -- Europe","Theater","Costume design","Engraving","Lithography","Portraits"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Theater -- France","Theater -- Europe","Theater","Costume design","Engraving","Lithography","Portraits"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Anthony van Dyck (1599 - 1641) | National Gallery, London.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/anthony-van-dyck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Jan Luyken | 17th-Century, Engraver, Poet.\" Britannica. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-Luyken.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChâteau de Versailles. n.d. \"Louis Philippe I.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/louis-philippe-i.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHellqvist, Maria. 2012. \"DigiLellky and Recorder Notes.\" \u003ctitle\u003eThe Music \u0026amp; Theater Blog\u003c/title\u003e, September 5. https://old.capricemusic.se/musikochteaterbloggen/tag/bilder/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"La Fin de Montmartre, Louis Morin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://collections.artsmia.org/art/108280/la-fin-de-montmartre-louis-morin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Portrait Gallery. n.d. \"Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw131824/Robert-Dormer-1st-Earl-of-Carnarvon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNYPL Digital Collections. n.d. \"Theatrical Portraits.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/0f8a69f0-88fa-0134-5ed3-00505686a51c?canvasIndex=1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Adaptations of Manon Lescaut.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adaptations_of_Manon_Lescaut\u0026amp;oldid=1342788258#Stage_adaptations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Louis Philippe I.\" June 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Philippe_I\u0026amp;oldid=1360818066#King_of_the_French_(1830%E2%80%931848).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Rose Chéri.\" May 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rose_Ch%C3%A9ri\u0026amp;oldid=1353223651.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Anthony van Dyck (1599 - 1641) | National Gallery, London.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/anthony-van-dyck.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Jan Luyken | 17th-Century, Engraver, Poet.\" Britannica. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-Luyken.","Château de Versailles. n.d. \"Louis Philippe I.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/louis-philippe-i.","Hellqvist, Maria. 2012. \"DigiLellky and Recorder Notes.\" The Music \u0026 Theater Blog, September 5. https://old.capricemusic.se/musikochteaterbloggen/tag/bilder/.","\"La Fin de Montmartre, Louis Morin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://collections.artsmia.org/art/108280/la-fin-de-montmartre-louis-morin.","National Portrait Gallery. n.d. \"Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw131824/Robert-Dormer-1st-Earl-of-Carnarvon.","NYPL Digital Collections. n.d. \"Theatrical Portraits.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/0f8a69f0-88fa-0134-5ed3-00505686a51c?canvasIndex=1.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adaptations of Manon Lescaut.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adaptations_of_Manon_Lescaut\u0026oldid=1342788258#Stage_adaptations.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Louis Philippe I.\" June 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Philippe_I\u0026oldid=1360818066#King_of_the_French_(1830%E2%80%931848).","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Rose Chéri.\" May 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rose_Ch%C3%A9ri\u0026oldid=1353223651."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKnown by the stage name Rose Chéri, Rose-Marie Cizos (1824-1861) was a French actress and the daughter of composer and conductor Victor Chéri and sister of actress Anna Chéri (also known as Chéri Lesueur).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis Philipe I (1773-1850), also known as the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830-1848. He is the last French monarch with the title \"King\" being succeeded by Emperor Napoleon III. Coming to power following the Bourbon Restoration, Louis Philipe began his reign promising a new constitutional monarchy modeled after the British, but found himself faced with growing political unrest. He was ultimately overthrown and formally abdicated following the French Revolution of 1848 and the founding of the French Second Republic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobet Dormer (1610?-1643) was an English Lord, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, and a courtier and royalist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eManon Lescaut\u003c/title\u003e is a 1731 French novel by Antoine François Prévost that has seen numerous adapations including stage plays, ballets, opera, and films. It tells the tragic story of a love affair between a nobleman and a common woman named Manon Lescaut. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eUn mariage sous la Régence\u003c/title\u003e is a comedy by Léon Guillard, presented at the Théâtre Français in 1850.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnthony van Dyck (1599-1641) was a Flemish painter active during the early 17th century and best known for his work as a painter of portraits, as well as religious and mythological subjects. In 1621, he worked in service of King James I of England and after several years working throughout Europe he returned to the English court in 1632 where he painted portraits of King Charles I and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandre Lacauchie (also known as A.L.) was a French painter, engraver, and lithographer active in the mid-19th century, best known for images of contemporary dancers, actors, and singers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJan Luiken (also spelled Luyken, 1969-1712) was a Dutch lithographer and poet. Known in his early years for him hedonistic subject matter, Luiken converted to a highly pious form of Christianity following his marriage in 1672. He worked briefly as a book illustrator before withdrawing from society and focusing his poetic works on mystical religious themes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis Morin (1855-1938) was a French author, illustrator, and painter. Based in Paris, France some of Morin's best remembered works include views of Montmartre, silhouette figures for the theatre d'ombres [shadow plays] staged at the Chat Noir nightclub, and his contributions to humor magazines.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Known by the stage name Rose Chéri, Rose-Marie Cizos (1824-1861) was a French actress and the daughter of composer and conductor Victor Chéri and sister of actress Anna Chéri (also known as Chéri Lesueur).","Louis Philipe I (1773-1850), also known as the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830-1848. He is the last French monarch with the title \"King\" being succeeded by Emperor Napoleon III. Coming to power following the Bourbon Restoration, Louis Philipe began his reign promising a new constitutional monarchy modeled after the British, but found himself faced with growing political unrest. He was ultimately overthrown and formally abdicated following the French Revolution of 1848 and the founding of the French Second Republic.","Robet Dormer (1610?-1643) was an English Lord, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, and a courtier and royalist.","Manon Lescaut is a 1731 French novel by Antoine François Prévost that has seen numerous adapations including stage plays, ballets, opera, and films. It tells the tragic story of a love affair between a nobleman and a common woman named Manon Lescaut.","Un mariage sous la Régence is a comedy by Léon Guillard, presented at the Théâtre Français in 1850.","Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) was a Flemish painter active during the early 17th century and best known for his work as a painter of portraits, as well as religious and mythological subjects. In 1621, he worked in service of King James I of England and after several years working throughout Europe he returned to the English court in 1632 where he painted portraits of King Charles I and his family.","Alexandre Lacauchie (also known as A.L.) was a French painter, engraver, and lithographer active in the mid-19th century, best known for images of contemporary dancers, actors, and singers.","Jan Luiken (also spelled Luyken, 1969-1712) was a Dutch lithographer and poet. Known in his early years for him hedonistic subject matter, Luiken converted to a highly pious form of Christianity following his marriage in 1672. He worked briefly as a book illustrator before withdrawing from society and focusing his poetic works on mystical religious themes.","Louis Morin (1855-1938) was a French author, illustrator, and painter. Based in Paris, France some of Morin's best remembered works include views of Montmartre, silhouette figures for the theatre d'ombres [shadow plays] staged at the Chat Noir nightclub, and his contributions to humor magazines."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes, C0554, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes, C0554, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other etchings and illustrations, such as \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0475\"\u003eJean-Jacques de Boissieu etching print of a country scene\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0552\"\u003eFour hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?filters=%5Bname%3DLacauchie%2C+Alexandre%5D\"\u003eNew York Public Library Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other etchings and illustrations, such as Jean-Jacques de Boissieu etching print of a country scene and Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e- \"Melle. Luther, rôle de L'Amour dans Un Mariage sous la Régence.\" [Miss Luther, Role of Love in a Marriage during the Regency.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 521)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e-\"Costume de Mlle. Carline, Rôle de Julie dans les Étourdis, ou le Mort Supposé.\" [Costume of Miss Carline, Role of Julie in The Dazzled, or The Supposed Dead Man]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Costume des Rois d'Egipte. D'après Luiken.\" [Costume of the Kings of Egypt. After Luiken.] Likely originally appeared in Levacher de Charnois's \u003ctitle\u003eCostumes et annales des grands théâtres de Paris, en figures colorées, accompagnés de notices intéressantes et curieuses\u003c/title\u003e [ Costumes and chronicles of the major theatres of Paris, with coloured plates, accompanied by interesting notices and curiosities], originally a published weekly from 1786–89.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Mme. Rose Chéri dans Manon Lescaut.\" [Mrs. Rose Chéri in Manon Lescaut.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 558)\u003c/p\u003e\n\nFormal portrait prints of European figures include:\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Louis Philippe 1er. / Roi des Français.\" [Louis Philippe I / King of the French]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Lord Carnarvon.\" Engraving after original portrait Sir Anthony van Dyck.\u003c/p\u003e\n\nThe remaining portrait is an Uncaptioned lithograph by H. Louis Morin depicting one of the King of Prussia's grenadiers. Pencil inscription on the back reads: \"A sergeant of the King of Prussia's grenadier by H. Louis Morin.\" It is unclear if this is an official portrait or a costume depiction.  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["- \"Melle. Luther, rôle de L'Amour dans Un Mariage sous la Régence.\" [Miss Luther, Role of Love in a Marriage during the Regency.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 521)","-\"Costume de Mlle. Carline, Rôle de Julie dans les Étourdis, ou le Mort Supposé.\" [Costume of Miss Carline, Role of Julie in The Dazzled, or The Supposed Dead Man]","- \"Costume des Rois d'Egipte. D'après Luiken.\" [Costume of the Kings of Egypt. After Luiken.] Likely originally appeared in Levacher de Charnois's Costumes et annales des grands théâtres de Paris, en figures colorées, accompagnés de notices intéressantes et curieuses [ Costumes and chronicles of the major theatres of Paris, with coloured plates, accompanied by interesting notices and curiosities], originally a published weekly from 1786–89.","- \"Mme. Rose Chéri dans Manon Lescaut.\" [Mrs. Rose Chéri in Manon Lescaut.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 558)","- \"Louis Philippe 1er. / Roi des Français.\" [Louis Philippe I / King of the French]","- \"Lord Carnarvon.\" Engraving after original portrait Sir Anthony van Dyck."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0226ce3b156ff808d7a0640c58782ce0\"\u003eSeven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Seven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e5d18aae74373aa51b91285b9614260a\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"language_ssim":["English\n      French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_779.xml","title_filing_ssi":"18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes","title_ssm":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"title_tesim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1780s-1880s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1780s-1880s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"text":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes","C0554","/repositories/2/resources/779","France","England","Performing arts","Theater -- France","Theater -- Europe","Theater","Costume design","Engraving","Lithography","Portraits","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single folder collection.","\"Anthony van Dyck (1599 - 1641) | National Gallery, London.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/anthony-van-dyck.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Jan Luyken | 17th-Century, Engraver, Poet.\" Britannica. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-Luyken.","Château de Versailles. n.d. \"Louis Philippe I.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/louis-philippe-i.","Hellqvist, Maria. 2012. \"DigiLellky and Recorder Notes.\" The Music \u0026 Theater Blog, September 5. https://old.capricemusic.se/musikochteaterbloggen/tag/bilder/.","\"La Fin de Montmartre, Louis Morin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://collections.artsmia.org/art/108280/la-fin-de-montmartre-louis-morin.","National Portrait Gallery. n.d. \"Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw131824/Robert-Dormer-1st-Earl-of-Carnarvon.","NYPL Digital Collections. n.d. \"Theatrical Portraits.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/0f8a69f0-88fa-0134-5ed3-00505686a51c?canvasIndex=1.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adaptations of Manon Lescaut.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adaptations_of_Manon_Lescaut\u0026oldid=1342788258#Stage_adaptations.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Louis Philippe I.\" June 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Philippe_I\u0026oldid=1360818066#King_of_the_French_(1830%E2%80%931848).","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Rose Chéri.\" May 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rose_Ch%C3%A9ri\u0026oldid=1353223651.","Known by the stage name Rose Chéri, Rose-Marie Cizos (1824-1861) was a French actress and the daughter of composer and conductor Victor Chéri and sister of actress Anna Chéri (also known as Chéri Lesueur).","Louis Philipe I (1773-1850), also known as the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830-1848. He is the last French monarch with the title \"King\" being succeeded by Emperor Napoleon III. Coming to power following the Bourbon Restoration, Louis Philipe began his reign promising a new constitutional monarchy modeled after the British, but found himself faced with growing political unrest. He was ultimately overthrown and formally abdicated following the French Revolution of 1848 and the founding of the French Second Republic.","Robet Dormer (1610?-1643) was an English Lord, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, and a courtier and royalist.","Manon Lescaut is a 1731 French novel by Antoine François Prévost that has seen numerous adapations including stage plays, ballets, opera, and films. It tells the tragic story of a love affair between a nobleman and a common woman named Manon Lescaut.","Un mariage sous la Régence is a comedy by Léon Guillard, presented at the Théâtre Français in 1850.","Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) was a Flemish painter active during the early 17th century and best known for his work as a painter of portraits, as well as religious and mythological subjects. In 1621, he worked in service of King James I of England and after several years working throughout Europe he returned to the English court in 1632 where he painted portraits of King Charles I and his family.","Alexandre Lacauchie (also known as A.L.) was a French painter, engraver, and lithographer active in the mid-19th century, best known for images of contemporary dancers, actors, and singers.","Jan Luiken (also spelled Luyken, 1969-1712) was a Dutch lithographer and poet. Known in his early years for him hedonistic subject matter, Luiken converted to a highly pious form of Christianity following his marriage in 1672. He worked briefly as a book illustrator before withdrawing from society and focusing his poetic works on mystical religious themes.","Louis Morin (1855-1938) was a French author, illustrator, and painter. Based in Paris, France some of Morin's best remembered works include views of Montmartre, silhouette figures for the theatre d'ombres [shadow plays] staged at the Chat Noir nightclub, and his contributions to humor magazines.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other etchings and illustrations, such as Jean-Jacques de Boissieu etching print of a country scene and Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.","- \"Melle. Luther, rôle de L'Amour dans Un Mariage sous la Régence.\" [Miss Luther, Role of Love in a Marriage during the Regency.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 521)","-\"Costume de Mlle. Carline, Rôle de Julie dans les Étourdis, ou le Mort Supposé.\" [Costume of Miss Carline, Role of Julie in The Dazzled, or The Supposed Dead Man]","- \"Costume des Rois d'Egipte. D'après Luiken.\" [Costume of the Kings of Egypt. After Luiken.] Likely originally appeared in Levacher de Charnois's Costumes et annales des grands théâtres de Paris, en figures colorées, accompagnés de notices intéressantes et curieuses [ Costumes and chronicles of the major theatres of Paris, with coloured plates, accompanied by interesting notices and curiosities], originally a published weekly from 1786–89.","- \"Mme. Rose Chéri dans Manon Lescaut.\" [Mrs. Rose Chéri in Manon Lescaut.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 558)","- \"Louis Philippe 1er. / Roi des Français.\" [Louis Philippe I / King of the French]","- \"Lord Carnarvon.\" Engraving after original portrait Sir Anthony van Dyck.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Seven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century.","R 73, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641","English\n      French"],"collection_title_tesim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"collection_ssim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0554","/repositories/2/resources/779"],"unitid_tesim":["C0554","/repositories/2/resources/779"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["France","England"],"geogname_ssim":["France","England"],"places_ssim":["France","England"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Theater -- France","Theater -- Europe","Theater","Costume design","Engraving","Lithography","Portraits"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Theater -- France","Theater -- Europe","Theater","Costume design","Engraving","Lithography","Portraits"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Anthony van Dyck (1599 - 1641) | National Gallery, London.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/anthony-van-dyck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Jan Luyken | 17th-Century, Engraver, Poet.\" Britannica. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-Luyken.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChâteau de Versailles. n.d. \"Louis Philippe I.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/louis-philippe-i.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHellqvist, Maria. 2012. \"DigiLellky and Recorder Notes.\" \u003ctitle\u003eThe Music \u0026amp; Theater Blog\u003c/title\u003e, September 5. https://old.capricemusic.se/musikochteaterbloggen/tag/bilder/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"La Fin de Montmartre, Louis Morin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://collections.artsmia.org/art/108280/la-fin-de-montmartre-louis-morin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Portrait Gallery. n.d. \"Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw131824/Robert-Dormer-1st-Earl-of-Carnarvon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNYPL Digital Collections. n.d. \"Theatrical Portraits.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/0f8a69f0-88fa-0134-5ed3-00505686a51c?canvasIndex=1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Adaptations of Manon Lescaut.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adaptations_of_Manon_Lescaut\u0026amp;oldid=1342788258#Stage_adaptations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Louis Philippe I.\" June 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Philippe_I\u0026amp;oldid=1360818066#King_of_the_French_(1830%E2%80%931848).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Rose Chéri.\" May 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rose_Ch%C3%A9ri\u0026amp;oldid=1353223651.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Anthony van Dyck (1599 - 1641) | National Gallery, London.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/anthony-van-dyck.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Jan Luyken | 17th-Century, Engraver, Poet.\" Britannica. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-Luyken.","Château de Versailles. n.d. \"Louis Philippe I.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/louis-philippe-i.","Hellqvist, Maria. 2012. \"DigiLellky and Recorder Notes.\" The Music \u0026 Theater Blog, September 5. https://old.capricemusic.se/musikochteaterbloggen/tag/bilder/.","\"La Fin de Montmartre, Louis Morin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art.\" n.d. Accessed July 8, 2026. https://collections.artsmia.org/art/108280/la-fin-de-montmartre-louis-morin.","National Portrait Gallery. n.d. \"Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw131824/Robert-Dormer-1st-Earl-of-Carnarvon.","NYPL Digital Collections. n.d. \"Theatrical Portraits.\" Accessed July 8, 2026. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/0f8a69f0-88fa-0134-5ed3-00505686a51c?canvasIndex=1.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adaptations of Manon Lescaut.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adaptations_of_Manon_Lescaut\u0026oldid=1342788258#Stage_adaptations.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Louis Philippe I.\" June 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Philippe_I\u0026oldid=1360818066#King_of_the_French_(1830%E2%80%931848).","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Rose Chéri.\" May 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rose_Ch%C3%A9ri\u0026oldid=1353223651."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKnown by the stage name Rose Chéri, Rose-Marie Cizos (1824-1861) was a French actress and the daughter of composer and conductor Victor Chéri and sister of actress Anna Chéri (also known as Chéri Lesueur).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis Philipe I (1773-1850), also known as the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830-1848. He is the last French monarch with the title \"King\" being succeeded by Emperor Napoleon III. Coming to power following the Bourbon Restoration, Louis Philipe began his reign promising a new constitutional monarchy modeled after the British, but found himself faced with growing political unrest. He was ultimately overthrown and formally abdicated following the French Revolution of 1848 and the founding of the French Second Republic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobet Dormer (1610?-1643) was an English Lord, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, and a courtier and royalist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eManon Lescaut\u003c/title\u003e is a 1731 French novel by Antoine François Prévost that has seen numerous adapations including stage plays, ballets, opera, and films. It tells the tragic story of a love affair between a nobleman and a common woman named Manon Lescaut. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eUn mariage sous la Régence\u003c/title\u003e is a comedy by Léon Guillard, presented at the Théâtre Français in 1850.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnthony van Dyck (1599-1641) was a Flemish painter active during the early 17th century and best known for his work as a painter of portraits, as well as religious and mythological subjects. In 1621, he worked in service of King James I of England and after several years working throughout Europe he returned to the English court in 1632 where he painted portraits of King Charles I and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandre Lacauchie (also known as A.L.) was a French painter, engraver, and lithographer active in the mid-19th century, best known for images of contemporary dancers, actors, and singers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJan Luiken (also spelled Luyken, 1969-1712) was a Dutch lithographer and poet. Known in his early years for him hedonistic subject matter, Luiken converted to a highly pious form of Christianity following his marriage in 1672. He worked briefly as a book illustrator before withdrawing from society and focusing his poetic works on mystical religious themes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis Morin (1855-1938) was a French author, illustrator, and painter. Based in Paris, France some of Morin's best remembered works include views of Montmartre, silhouette figures for the theatre d'ombres [shadow plays] staged at the Chat Noir nightclub, and his contributions to humor magazines.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Known by the stage name Rose Chéri, Rose-Marie Cizos (1824-1861) was a French actress and the daughter of composer and conductor Victor Chéri and sister of actress Anna Chéri (also known as Chéri Lesueur).","Louis Philipe I (1773-1850), also known as the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830-1848. He is the last French monarch with the title \"King\" being succeeded by Emperor Napoleon III. Coming to power following the Bourbon Restoration, Louis Philipe began his reign promising a new constitutional monarchy modeled after the British, but found himself faced with growing political unrest. He was ultimately overthrown and formally abdicated following the French Revolution of 1848 and the founding of the French Second Republic.","Robet Dormer (1610?-1643) was an English Lord, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, and a courtier and royalist.","Manon Lescaut is a 1731 French novel by Antoine François Prévost that has seen numerous adapations including stage plays, ballets, opera, and films. It tells the tragic story of a love affair between a nobleman and a common woman named Manon Lescaut.","Un mariage sous la Régence is a comedy by Léon Guillard, presented at the Théâtre Français in 1850.","Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) was a Flemish painter active during the early 17th century and best known for his work as a painter of portraits, as well as religious and mythological subjects. In 1621, he worked in service of King James I of England and after several years working throughout Europe he returned to the English court in 1632 where he painted portraits of King Charles I and his family.","Alexandre Lacauchie (also known as A.L.) was a French painter, engraver, and lithographer active in the mid-19th century, best known for images of contemporary dancers, actors, and singers.","Jan Luiken (also spelled Luyken, 1969-1712) was a Dutch lithographer and poet. Known in his early years for him hedonistic subject matter, Luiken converted to a highly pious form of Christianity following his marriage in 1672. He worked briefly as a book illustrator before withdrawing from society and focusing his poetic works on mystical religious themes.","Louis Morin (1855-1938) was a French author, illustrator, and painter. Based in Paris, France some of Morin's best remembered works include views of Montmartre, silhouette figures for the theatre d'ombres [shadow plays] staged at the Chat Noir nightclub, and his contributions to humor magazines."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes, C0554, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes, C0554, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other etchings and illustrations, such as \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0475\"\u003eJean-Jacques de Boissieu etching print of a country scene\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0552\"\u003eFour hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?filters=%5Bname%3DLacauchie%2C+Alexandre%5D\"\u003eNew York Public Library Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other etchings and illustrations, such as Jean-Jacques de Boissieu etching print of a country scene and Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e- \"Melle. Luther, rôle de L'Amour dans Un Mariage sous la Régence.\" [Miss Luther, Role of Love in a Marriage during the Regency.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 521)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e-\"Costume de Mlle. Carline, Rôle de Julie dans les Étourdis, ou le Mort Supposé.\" [Costume of Miss Carline, Role of Julie in The Dazzled, or The Supposed Dead Man]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Costume des Rois d'Egipte. D'après Luiken.\" [Costume of the Kings of Egypt. After Luiken.] Likely originally appeared in Levacher de Charnois's \u003ctitle\u003eCostumes et annales des grands théâtres de Paris, en figures colorées, accompagnés de notices intéressantes et curieuses\u003c/title\u003e [ Costumes and chronicles of the major theatres of Paris, with coloured plates, accompanied by interesting notices and curiosities], originally a published weekly from 1786–89.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Mme. Rose Chéri dans Manon Lescaut.\" [Mrs. Rose Chéri in Manon Lescaut.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 558)\u003c/p\u003e\n\nFormal portrait prints of European figures include:\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Louis Philippe 1er. / Roi des Français.\" [Louis Philippe I / King of the French]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- \"Lord Carnarvon.\" Engraving after original portrait Sir Anthony van Dyck.\u003c/p\u003e\n\nThe remaining portrait is an Uncaptioned lithograph by H. Louis Morin depicting one of the King of Prussia's grenadiers. Pencil inscription on the back reads: \"A sergeant of the King of Prussia's grenadier by H. Louis Morin.\" It is unclear if this is an official portrait or a costume depiction.  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["- \"Melle. Luther, rôle de L'Amour dans Un Mariage sous la Régence.\" [Miss Luther, Role of Love in a Marriage during the Regency.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 521)","-\"Costume de Mlle. Carline, Rôle de Julie dans les Étourdis, ou le Mort Supposé.\" [Costume of Miss Carline, Role of Julie in The Dazzled, or The Supposed Dead Man]","- \"Costume des Rois d'Egipte. D'après Luiken.\" [Costume of the Kings of Egypt. After Luiken.] Likely originally appeared in Levacher de Charnois's Costumes et annales des grands théâtres de Paris, en figures colorées, accompagnés de notices intéressantes et curieuses [ Costumes and chronicles of the major theatres of Paris, with coloured plates, accompanied by interesting notices and curiosities], originally a published weekly from 1786–89.","- \"Mme. Rose Chéri dans Manon Lescaut.\" [Mrs. Rose Chéri in Manon Lescaut.] by Alexandre Lacauchie, published by Decan of Paris (No. 558)","- \"Louis Philippe 1er. / Roi des Français.\" [Louis Philippe I / King of the French]","- \"Lord Carnarvon.\" Engraving after original portrait Sir Anthony van Dyck."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0226ce3b156ff808d7a0640c58782ce0\"\u003eSeven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Seven hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes from the 18th and 19th century."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e5d18aae74373aa51b91285b9614260a\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712","Morin, Louis, 1855-1938","Carnarvon, Robert Dormer, Earl of, 1609 or 1610-1643","Philippe Louis, King of the French, 1773-1850","Van Dyck, Anthony, 1599-1641"],"language_ssim":["English\n      French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_779"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_425.xml","title_filing_ssi":"19th century Civil War and political cartoon lithograph collection","title_ssm":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection"],"title_tesim":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1894"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894"],"text":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894","C0285","/repositories/2/resources/425","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- Politics and government","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Lithography","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject.","Processing completed by Jessica Lynn in 2016. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other newspaper collections and collections focused on the Civil War.","The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News. The lithographs from Puck are largely satirical in nature and the subject matter is Gilded Age politics. The subject matter of the Harper's Weekly and Illustrated London News focus on the American Civil War and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News.","OS R 2, C 1, S 2. Housed with C0286.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894"],"collection_ssim":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0285","/repositories/2/resources/425"],"unitid_tesim":["C0285","/repositories/2/resources/425"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- Politics and government","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- Politics and government","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- Politics and government","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased in 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e19th century Civil War and political cartoon lithograph collection, C0285, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["19th century Civil War and political cartoon lithograph collection, C0285, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Jessica Lynn in 2016. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Jessica Lynn in 2016. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other newspaper collections and collections focused on the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other newspaper collections and collections focused on the Civil War."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of lithographs that appeared in \u003citalic\u003ePuck\u003c/italic\u003e, \u003citalic\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/italic\u003e, and \u003citalic\u003eIllustrated London News\u003c/italic\u003e. The lithographs from \u003citalic\u003ePuck\u003c/italic\u003e are largely satirical in nature and the subject matter is Gilded Age politics. The subject matter of the \u003citalic\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eIllustrated London News\u003c/italic\u003e focus on the American Civil War and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News. The lithographs from Puck are largely satirical in nature and the subject matter is Gilded Age politics. The subject matter of the Harper's Weekly and Illustrated London News focus on the American Civil War and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7bd0e860ed6dec630da7153e16a554cb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of lithographs that appeared in \u003citalic\u003ePuck\u003c/italic\u003e, \u003citalic\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/italic\u003e, and \u003citalic\u003eIllustrated London News\u003c/italic\u003e.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3d7c873ff7bddb30103175eac7d77818\"\u003eOS R 2, C 1, S 2. Housed with C0286.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["OS R 2, C 1, S 2. Housed with C0286."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_425.xml","title_filing_ssi":"19th century Civil War and political cartoon lithograph collection","title_ssm":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection"],"title_tesim":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1894"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894"],"text":["19th century newspaper illustrations collection, 1861/1894","C0285","/repositories/2/resources/425","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- Politics and government","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Lithography","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject.","Processing completed by Jessica Lynn in 2016. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other newspaper collections and collections focused on the Civil War.","The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News. The lithographs from Puck are largely satirical in nature and the subject matter is Gilded Age politics. The subject matter of the Harper's Weekly and Illustrated London News focus on the American Civil War and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News.","OS R 2, C 1, S 2. Housed with C0286.","George Mason University. Libraries. 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(See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased in 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e19th century Civil War and political cartoon lithograph collection, C0285, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["19th century Civil War and political cartoon lithograph collection, C0285, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Jessica Lynn in 2016. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Jessica Lynn in 2016. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other newspaper collections and collections focused on the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other newspaper collections and collections focused on the Civil War."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of lithographs that appeared in \u003citalic\u003ePuck\u003c/italic\u003e, \u003citalic\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/italic\u003e, and \u003citalic\u003eIllustrated London News\u003c/italic\u003e. The lithographs from \u003citalic\u003ePuck\u003c/italic\u003e are largely satirical in nature and the subject matter is Gilded Age politics. The subject matter of the \u003citalic\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eIllustrated London News\u003c/italic\u003e focus on the American Civil War and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News. The lithographs from Puck are largely satirical in nature and the subject matter is Gilded Age politics. The subject matter of the Harper's Weekly and Illustrated London News focus on the American Civil War and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7bd0e860ed6dec630da7153e16a554cb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of lithographs that appeared in \u003citalic\u003ePuck\u003c/italic\u003e, \u003citalic\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/italic\u003e, and \u003citalic\u003eIllustrated London News\u003c/italic\u003e.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of lithographs that appeared in Puck, Harper's Weekly, and Illustrated London News."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3d7c873ff7bddb30103175eac7d77818\"\u003eOS R 2, C 1, S 2. Housed with C0286.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["OS R 2, C 1, S 2. Housed with C0286."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_425"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"European opera singer and actor portrait collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_780.xml","title_filing_ssi":"European opera singer and actor portrait collection","title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"text":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection","C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780","Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.","A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490.","Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.","R 73, C 2, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","French\n      English"],"collection_title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"collection_ssim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"unitid_tesim":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"creators_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritish Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eCornélie Falcon, French Soprano\u003c/title\u003e. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" \u003ctitle\u003eThe Opera Scribe\u003c/title\u003e, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026amp; Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLes Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoyal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSvenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026amp;oldid=1255705244.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026amp;oldid=1279778029.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026amp;oldid=1309625020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026amp;oldid=1326343810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026amp;oldid=1305418452.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026amp;oldid=1362846767.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026amp;oldid=1359283321.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026amp;oldid=1362039643.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026amp;oldid=1362184806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026amp;oldid=1356029357.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026amp;oldid=1354992490.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLéopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEuropean opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0552\"\u003eFour hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0554\"\u003e18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?filters=%5Bname%3DLacauchie%2C+Alexandre%5D\"\u003eNew York Public Library Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3f26d8f526cece4b95cd6c4d57fb742\"\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_82c0971d2349afc8fda9521f2397cdbf\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"names_coll_ssim":["Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"language_ssim":["French\n      English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_780.xml","title_filing_ssi":"European opera singer and actor portrait collection","title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"text":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection","C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780","Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.","A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490.","Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.","R 73, C 2, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","French\n      English"],"collection_title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"collection_ssim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"unitid_tesim":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"creators_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritish Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eCornélie Falcon, French Soprano\u003c/title\u003e. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" \u003ctitle\u003eThe Opera Scribe\u003c/title\u003e, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026amp; Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLes Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoyal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSvenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026amp;oldid=1255705244.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026amp;oldid=1279778029.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026amp;oldid=1309625020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026amp;oldid=1326343810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026amp;oldid=1305418452.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026amp;oldid=1362846767.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026amp;oldid=1359283321.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026amp;oldid=1362039643.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026amp;oldid=1362184806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026amp;oldid=1356029357.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026amp;oldid=1354992490.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLéopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEuropean opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0552\"\u003eFour hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0554\"\u003e18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?filters=%5Bname%3DLacauchie%2C+Alexandre%5D\"\u003eNew York Public Library Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3f26d8f526cece4b95cd6c4d57fb742\"\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_82c0971d2349afc8fda9521f2397cdbf\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"names_coll_ssim":["Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"language_ssim":["French\n      English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_540.xml","title_ssm":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"title_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1894"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894"],"text":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894","C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540","Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","There are no access restrictions.","This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: .","This is a single folder collection.","Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing.","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)","French"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894"],"collection_ssim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540"],"unitid_tesim":["C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"creator_ssim":["Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"creators_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in March 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 4 lithographs"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 4 lithographs"],"date_range_isim":[1894],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"La Navarraise opera scene and costume lithographs\" href=\"https://digitalcollections.gmu.edu/search?c=%E2%80%9CLa+Navarraise%E2%80%9D+opera+scene+and+costume+lithographs\u0026amp;cc=%E2%80%9CLa+Navarraise%E2%80%9D+opera+scene+and+costume+lithographs\u0026amp;ln=en\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAshman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIves, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026amp; Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing.","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Cavalleria rusticana' opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0472\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01ca8b4ded70b054185c62fdfaad59cd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f789dac0e1e9cd14abce32825067d600\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"persname_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_540.xml","title_ssm":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"title_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1894"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894"],"text":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, 1894","C0471","/repositories/2/resources/540","Art","Costume design","Lithography","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","There are no access restrictions.","This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: .","This is a single folder collection.","Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026 Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing.","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. 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Accessed March 5, 2021. https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/massenet-la-navarraise-veronesi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIves, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Lithography, Heliography \u0026amp; Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashman, Mike. \"MASSENET La Navarraise (Veronesi.)\" Gramophone. 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Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"La Navarraise,\" translated from the French as \"The Girl from Navarre\" is an 1894 opera by Jules Massenet. Set in the Navarre region of Spain, \"La Navarraise\" is a \"verismo\" opera, a style that was popularized in the 1890s which focused on telling stories with greater realism. Based on the short story \"La cigarette\" by Jules Clartie, \"La Navarraise'' tells the story of a Navarre woman named Anita who is in love with a soldier named Arquil. Both encounter many thwarts to their passionate love, with drama and death ensuing.","A short opera - clocking in around 50 minutes - \"La Navarraise\" was immediately compared to another beloved verismo opera of the time, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" by Pietro Masacagni: \"[B]oth works were startling in their brevity and in their intense drama; both received their Parisian premieres at the Opéra-Comique; and both featured the soprano Emma Calvé in the lead role. Henri Gauthier-Villars even went so far as to observe wryly in L'écho de Paris that Massenet might as well have given La Navarraise the title 'Cavalleria espagnola'\" (Bentley, p.30.) Unfortunately the opera couldn't shake its reputation of being a \"Cavalleria\" copycat - for this reason \"La Navarraise\" has not endured alongside its other verismo contemporaries and is rarely performed today.","Lithography was an extremely popular method of illustration, particularly in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created at once. Colored lithography came later, and was also extremely popular."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, C0471, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Cavalleria rusticana' opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0472\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and many other materials related to opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894 in Paris. The first lithograph features a black and white street scene from the opera by E. Buval after R. Caney. The first plate of the costume lithographs features the characters Anita, Arquil, and Remigio. The second features General Garrido, Captain Ramon, and an Aide de Camp. The third and final plate features Captain of the General Staff and A Wounded Soldier. The costume lithographs are hand-colored. All of the lithographs feature the same French text: the title \"La Navarraise Episode Lyrique de J. Massenet.\" as well as the publisher's information on the two bottom corners."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01ca8b4ded70b054185c62fdfaad59cd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFour lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026amp; Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Four lithographs featuring one scene and three plates of costume designs for the opera \"La Navarraise\" by Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs (Huegel music publishing company) printed circa 1894."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f789dac0e1e9cd14abce32825067d600\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs"],"persname_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Heugel \u0026 Cie, Editeurs","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912. (Title of work: Navarraise.)"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_540"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_526.xml","title_ssm":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer"],"title_tesim":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer"],"unitdate_ssm":["1829"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1829"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1829"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829"],"text":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829","C0460","/repositories/2/resources/526","Art","Lithography","Music","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Brass, David. [\"Scheffer, Jean-Gabriel] Ce qu'on dit et ce qu'on pense [What one says and what one thinks].\" David Brass Rare Books. December 11, 2020. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04082/jean-gabriel-scheffer/ce-quon-dit-et-ce-quon-pense-what-one-says-and-what-one-thinks.","Caussou, Jean-Louis. \"Gioachino Rossini.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. December 11, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gioachino-Rossini.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Jean Gabriel Scheffer.\" The British Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG45277.","\"Lithography, Heliography  Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"Synopsis: La Cenerentola.\" The Metropolitan Opera. December 11, 2020. https://www.metopera.org/discover/synopses/la-cenerentola/.","Gioachino Rossini was one of the most successful opera composers of the 19th century. Born in Italy in 1792, he enjoyed success during his lifetime with the popular works The Barber of Seville, La Cenerentola (Cinderella), and William Tell. Rossini died in 1868. His operas are still performed today.","Lithography was a method of illustration that rose to popularity in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder of Germany in 1796, lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the resulting image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created in one sitting. Colored lithography came soon after, and was also extremely popular.","Processed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections related to opera and the performing arts.","Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829. The volume features multiple lithographic illustrations of various instances of people demonstrating that what they are saying to others is not what they are, in fact, thinking.","This particular illustration features the prominent Italian opera composer Gioachino Rossini speaking with a young man standing next to a piano in a salon, a cello leaning against the keyboard. In addition to the titular text, below the image text in French reads \"Je donnerais trois op[é]ras pour avoir fait votre romance,\" which translates to  \"I would give three operas for making your romance.\" Parallel to the text is a printed music quotation from Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, in which the character Don Magnifico describes a dream he has about a flying donkey: \"Un somaro, ma sollene\" which translates from the Italian to \"A donkey, but solemn,\" illustrating was Rossini actually \"thinks\" about the young man.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876","Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868","French"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829"],"collection_ssim":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0460","/repositories/2/resources/526"],"unitid_tesim":["C0460","/repositories/2/resources/526"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876"],"creator_ssim":["Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876","Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876","Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in December 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art","Lithography","Music","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art","Lithography","Music","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item."],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item."],"date_range_isim":[1829],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Lithograph from the volume \"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003eCe Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer\" href=\"https://digitalcollections.gmu.edu/record/30?ln=en=uv\"/\u0026gt;.  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrass, David. [\"Scheffer, Jean-Gabriel] Ce qu'on dit et ce qu'on pense [What one says and what one thinks].\" David Brass Rare Books. December 11, 2020. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04082/jean-gabriel-scheffer/ce-quon-dit-et-ce-quon-pense-what-one-says-and-what-one-thinks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaussou, Jean-Louis. \"Gioachino Rossini.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. December 11, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gioachino-Rossini.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIves, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Jean Gabriel Scheffer.\" The British Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG45277.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Lithography, Heliography  Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: La Cenerentola.\" The Metropolitan Opera. December 11, 2020. https://www.metopera.org/discover/synopses/la-cenerentola/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Brass, David. [\"Scheffer, Jean-Gabriel] Ce qu'on dit et ce qu'on pense [What one says and what one thinks].\" David Brass Rare Books. December 11, 2020. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04082/jean-gabriel-scheffer/ce-quon-dit-et-ce-quon-pense-what-one-says-and-what-one-thinks.","Caussou, Jean-Louis. \"Gioachino Rossini.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. December 11, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gioachino-Rossini.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Jean Gabriel Scheffer.\" The British Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG45277.","\"Lithography, Heliography  Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"Synopsis: La Cenerentola.\" The Metropolitan Opera. December 11, 2020. https://www.metopera.org/discover/synopses/la-cenerentola/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGioachino Rossini was one of the most successful opera composers of the 19th century. Born in Italy in 1792, he enjoyed success during his lifetime with the popular works The Barber of Seville, La Cenerentola (Cinderella), and William Tell. Rossini died in 1868. His operas are still performed today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLithography was a method of illustration that rose to popularity in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder of Germany in 1796, lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the resulting image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created in one sitting. Colored lithography came soon after, and was also extremely popular.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gioachino Rossini was one of the most successful opera composers of the 19th century. Born in Italy in 1792, he enjoyed success during his lifetime with the popular works The Barber of Seville, La Cenerentola (Cinderella), and William Tell. Rossini died in 1868. His operas are still performed today.","Lithography was a method of illustration that rose to popularity in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder of Germany in 1796, lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the resulting image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created in one sitting. Colored lithography came soon after, and was also extremely popular."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, C0460, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, C0460, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections related to opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections related to opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829. The volume features multiple lithographic illustrations of various instances of people demonstrating that what they are saying to others is not what they are, in fact, thinking. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis particular illustration features the prominent Italian opera composer Gioachino Rossini speaking with a young man standing next to a piano in a salon, a cello leaning against the keyboard. In addition to the titular text, below the image text in French reads \"Je donnerais trois op[é]ras pour avoir fait votre romance,\" which translates to  \"I would give three operas for making your romance.\" Parallel to the text is a printed music quotation from Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, in which the character Don Magnifico describes a dream he has about a flying donkey: \"Un somaro, ma sollene\" which translates from the Italian to \"A donkey, but solemn,\" illustrating was Rossini actually \"thinks\" about the young man.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829. The volume features multiple lithographic illustrations of various instances of people demonstrating that what they are saying to others is not what they are, in fact, thinking.","This particular illustration features the prominent Italian opera composer Gioachino Rossini speaking with a young man standing next to a piano in a salon, a cello leaning against the keyboard. In addition to the titular text, below the image text in French reads \"Je donnerais trois op[é]ras pour avoir fait votre romance,\" which translates to  \"I would give three operas for making your romance.\" Parallel to the text is a printed music quotation from Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, in which the character Don Magnifico describes a dream he has about a flying donkey: \"Un somaro, ma sollene\" which translates from the Italian to \"A donkey, but solemn,\" illustrating was Rossini actually \"thinks\" about the young man."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_87df63817936cf882a64bba97843ab3d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSingle lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a558beffd71ec61d02f6b867844c0eae\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876","Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Scheffer, Jean Gabriel, 1797-1876","Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_526.xml","title_ssm":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer"],"title_tesim":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer"],"unitdate_ssm":["1829"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1829"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1829"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829"],"text":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, 1829","C0460","/repositories/2/resources/526","Art","Lithography","Music","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Brass, David. [\"Scheffer, Jean-Gabriel] Ce qu'on dit et ce qu'on pense [What one says and what one thinks].\" David Brass Rare Books. December 11, 2020. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04082/jean-gabriel-scheffer/ce-quon-dit-et-ce-quon-pense-what-one-says-and-what-one-thinks.","Caussou, Jean-Louis. \"Gioachino Rossini.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. December 11, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gioachino-Rossini.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Jean Gabriel Scheffer.\" The British Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG45277.","\"Lithography, Heliography  Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"Synopsis: La Cenerentola.\" The Metropolitan Opera. December 11, 2020. https://www.metopera.org/discover/synopses/la-cenerentola/.","Gioachino Rossini was one of the most successful opera composers of the 19th century. Born in Italy in 1792, he enjoyed success during his lifetime with the popular works The Barber of Seville, La Cenerentola (Cinderella), and William Tell. Rossini died in 1868. His operas are still performed today.","Lithography was a method of illustration that rose to popularity in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder of Germany in 1796, lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the resulting image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created in one sitting. Colored lithography came soon after, and was also extremely popular.","Processed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections related to opera and the performing arts.","Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829. The volume features multiple lithographic illustrations of various instances of people demonstrating that what they are saying to others is not what they are, in fact, thinking.","This particular illustration features the prominent Italian opera composer Gioachino Rossini speaking with a young man standing next to a piano in a salon, a cello leaning against the keyboard. In addition to the titular text, below the image text in French reads \"Je donnerais trois op[é]ras pour avoir fait votre romance,\" which translates to  \"I would give three operas for making your romance.\" Parallel to the text is a printed music quotation from Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, in which the character Don Magnifico describes a dream he has about a flying donkey: \"Un somaro, ma sollene\" which translates from the Italian to \"A donkey, but solemn,\" illustrating was Rossini actually \"thinks\" about the young man.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. 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"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrass, David. [\"Scheffer, Jean-Gabriel] Ce qu'on dit et ce qu'on pense [What one says and what one thinks].\" David Brass Rare Books. December 11, 2020. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04082/jean-gabriel-scheffer/ce-quon-dit-et-ce-quon-pense-what-one-says-and-what-one-thinks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaussou, Jean-Louis. \"Gioachino Rossini.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. December 11, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gioachino-Rossini.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIves, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Jean Gabriel Scheffer.\" The British Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG45277.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Lithography, Heliography  Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: La Cenerentola.\" The Metropolitan Opera. December 11, 2020. https://www.metopera.org/discover/synopses/la-cenerentola/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Brass, David. [\"Scheffer, Jean-Gabriel] Ce qu'on dit et ce qu'on pense [What one says and what one thinks].\" David Brass Rare Books. December 11, 2020. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04082/jean-gabriel-scheffer/ce-quon-dit-et-ce-quon-pense-what-one-says-and-what-one-thinks.","Caussou, Jean-Louis. \"Gioachino Rossini.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. December 11, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gioachino-Rossini.","Ives, Colta. \"Lithography in the Nineteenth Century.\" The Metropolitan Museum of Art. December 11, 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lith/hd_lith.htm.","\"Jean Gabriel Scheffer.\" The British Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG45277.","\"Lithography, Heliography  Photography.\" The International Printing Museum. December 11, 2020. https://www.printmuseum.org/ipm/lithography-heliography-photography-part-one/.","\"Synopsis: La Cenerentola.\" The Metropolitan Opera. December 11, 2020. https://www.metopera.org/discover/synopses/la-cenerentola/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGioachino Rossini was one of the most successful opera composers of the 19th century. Born in Italy in 1792, he enjoyed success during his lifetime with the popular works The Barber of Seville, La Cenerentola (Cinderella), and William Tell. Rossini died in 1868. His operas are still performed today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLithography was a method of illustration that rose to popularity in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder of Germany in 1796, lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the resulting image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created in one sitting. Colored lithography came soon after, and was also extremely popular.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gioachino Rossini was one of the most successful opera composers of the 19th century. Born in Italy in 1792, he enjoyed success during his lifetime with the popular works The Barber of Seville, La Cenerentola (Cinderella), and William Tell. Rossini died in 1868. His operas are still performed today.","Lithography was a method of illustration that rose to popularity in the 19th century. Invented by Alois Senefelder of Germany in 1796, lithographs are created by drawing or writing on limestone with a grease crayon, rolling the stone in ink, and then printing the resulting image - an extremely economical method as multiple copies could be created in one sitting. Colored lithography came soon after, and was also extremely popular."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, C0460, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithograph from the volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense\" featuring Gioachino Rossini by Jean-Gabriel Scheffer, C0460, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in December 2020. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections related to opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections related to opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829. The volume features multiple lithographic illustrations of various instances of people demonstrating that what they are saying to others is not what they are, in fact, thinking. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis particular illustration features the prominent Italian opera composer Gioachino Rossini speaking with a young man standing next to a piano in a salon, a cello leaning against the keyboard. In addition to the titular text, below the image text in French reads \"Je donnerais trois op[é]ras pour avoir fait votre romance,\" which translates to  \"I would give three operas for making your romance.\" Parallel to the text is a printed music quotation from Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, in which the character Don Magnifico describes a dream he has about a flying donkey: \"Un somaro, ma sollene\" which translates from the Italian to \"A donkey, but solemn,\" illustrating was Rossini actually \"thinks\" about the young man.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Single lithograph from the bound volume \"Ce Qu'on Dit et Ce Qu'on Pense,\" translated from the French to \"What We Say and What We Think,\" created by the Swiss lithographer Jean-Gabriel Scheffer in 1829. The volume features multiple lithographic illustrations of various instances of people demonstrating that what they are saying to others is not what they are, in fact, thinking.","This particular illustration features the prominent Italian opera composer Gioachino Rossini speaking with a young man standing next to a piano in a salon, a cello leaning against the keyboard. In addition to the titular text, below the image text in French reads \"Je donnerais trois op[é]ras pour avoir fait votre romance,\" which translates to  \"I would give three operas for making your romance.\" Parallel to the text is a printed music quotation from Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, in which the character Don Magnifico describes a dream he has about a flying donkey: \"Un somaro, ma sollene\" which translates from the Italian to \"A donkey, but solemn,\" illustrating was Rossini actually \"thinks\" about the young man."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. 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Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Luigi Cherubini.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luigi-Cherubini.","Fend, Michael. \"Cherubini, Luigi.\" Grove Music Online. 2001; Accessed 8 Apr. 2021. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000053110.","Portrait of Cardinal Fesh by Charles Bour after Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, 1851, The British Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1926-0412-158.","Portrait of Luigi Cherubini (1760-1842) Seated at the Piano Composing, Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, Pierpont Morgan Library Dept. of Drawings and Prints, The Morgan Library \u0026 Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/109980.","Luigi Cherubini was an Italian-French composer who lived from 1760 - 1842, and was a prominent musical figure in France, particularly Paris during the French Revolution. Cherubini's work mostly consisted of sacred music, but he eventually turned to composing operas in both Italian and French. Cherubini was a contemporary of Beethoven and was overshadowed by the famed composer, though Beethoven studied and admired him. Cherubini's work is still performed today.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other materials related to music, opera, and the performing arts.","Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s. In the print, Cherubini sits at a piano with a quill in hand, with scores on the floor and table beside him, presumably at work composing music. French abbreviated text at the bottom of the print reads \"F. Philippoteaux pinx.t - Imp. J. Rigo et Cie. - Ch. Bour lith.\" and the title \"Chérubini.\" The lithograph was printed by Jules Alfred Vinvent Rigo.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Luigi Cherubini.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luigi-Cherubini.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFend, Michael. \"Cherubini, Luigi.\" Grove Music Online. 2001; Accessed 8 Apr. 2021. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000053110.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortrait of Cardinal Fesh by Charles Bour after Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, 1851, The British Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1926-0412-158.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortrait of Luigi Cherubini (1760-1842) Seated at the Piano Composing, Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, Pierpont Morgan Library Dept. of Drawings and Prints, The Morgan Library \u0026amp; Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/109980.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Luigi Cherubini.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luigi-Cherubini.","Fend, Michael. \"Cherubini, Luigi.\" Grove Music Online. 2001; Accessed 8 Apr. 2021. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000053110.","Portrait of Cardinal Fesh by Charles Bour after Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, 1851, The British Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1926-0412-158.","Portrait of Luigi Cherubini (1760-1842) Seated at the Piano Composing, Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, Pierpont Morgan Library Dept. of Drawings and Prints, The Morgan Library \u0026 Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/109980."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLuigi Cherubini was an Italian-French composer who lived from 1760 - 1842, and was a prominent musical figure in France, particularly Paris during the French Revolution. Cherubini's work mostly consisted of sacred music, but he eventually turned to composing operas in both Italian and French. Cherubini was a contemporary of Beethoven and was overshadowed by the famed composer, though Beethoven studied and admired him. Cherubini's work is still performed today.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Luigi Cherubini was an Italian-French composer who lived from 1760 - 1842, and was a prominent musical figure in France, particularly Paris during the French Revolution. Cherubini's work mostly consisted of sacred music, but he eventually turned to composing operas in both Italian and French. 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This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other materials related to music, opera, and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other materials related to music, opera, and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s. In the print, Cherubini sits at a piano with a quill in hand, with scores on the floor and table beside him, presumably at work composing music. French abbreviated text at the bottom of the print reads \"F. Philippoteaux pinx.t - Imp. J. Rigo et Cie. - Ch. Bour lith.\" and the title \"Chérubini.\" The lithograph was printed by Jules Alfred Vinvent Rigo.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s. In the print, Cherubini sits at a piano with a quill in hand, with scores on the floor and table beside him, presumably at work composing music. French abbreviated text at the bottom of the print reads \"F. Philippoteaux pinx.t - Imp. J. Rigo et Cie. - Ch. Bour lith.\" and the title \"Chérubini.\" The lithograph was printed by Jules Alfred Vinvent Rigo."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. 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Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Luigi Cherubini.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luigi-Cherubini.","Fend, Michael. \"Cherubini, Luigi.\" Grove Music Online. 2001; Accessed 8 Apr. 2021. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000053110.","Portrait of Cardinal Fesh by Charles Bour after Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, 1851, The British Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1926-0412-158.","Portrait of Luigi Cherubini (1760-1842) Seated at the Piano Composing, Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, Pierpont Morgan Library Dept. of Drawings and Prints, The Morgan Library \u0026 Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/109980.","Luigi Cherubini was an Italian-French composer who lived from 1760 - 1842, and was a prominent musical figure in France, particularly Paris during the French Revolution. Cherubini's work mostly consisted of sacred music, but he eventually turned to composing operas in both Italian and French. Cherubini was a contemporary of Beethoven and was overshadowed by the famed composer, though Beethoven studied and admired him. Cherubini's work is still performed today.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other materials related to music, opera, and the performing arts.","Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s. In the print, Cherubini sits at a piano with a quill in hand, with scores on the floor and table beside him, presumably at work composing music. French abbreviated text at the bottom of the print reads \"F. Philippoteaux pinx.t - Imp. J. Rigo et Cie. - Ch. Bour lith.\" and the title \"Chérubini.\" The lithograph was printed by Jules Alfred Vinvent Rigo.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Luigi Cherubini.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luigi-Cherubini.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFend, Michael. \"Cherubini, Luigi.\" Grove Music Online. 2001; Accessed 8 Apr. 2021. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000053110.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortrait of Cardinal Fesh by Charles Bour after Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, 1851, The British Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1926-0412-158.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortrait of Luigi Cherubini (1760-1842) Seated at the Piano Composing, Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, Pierpont Morgan Library Dept. of Drawings and Prints, The Morgan Library \u0026amp; Museum. Accessed April 8, 2021. https://www.themorgan.org/drawings/item/109980.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Britannica, T. 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Cherubini was a contemporary of Beethoven and was overshadowed by the famed composer, though Beethoven studied and admired him. Cherubini's work is still performed today."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour, C0476, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithographic portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour, C0476, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in April 2021. 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Bour lith.\" and the title \"Chérubini.\" The lithograph was printed by Jules Alfred Vinvent Rigo.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s. In the print, Cherubini sits at a piano with a quill in hand, with scores on the floor and table beside him, presumably at work composing music. French abbreviated text at the bottom of the print reads \"F. Philippoteaux pinx.t - Imp. J. Rigo et Cie. - Ch. Bour lith.\" and the title \"Chérubini.\" The lithograph was printed by Jules Alfred Vinvent Rigo."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6e5acb99afcc59154e47de14578a988c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eHand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Hand-colored lithograph portrait of Luigi Cherubini by Charles Bour after the painting by Félix Emmanuel Henri Philippoteaux, created circa 1840s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ee04c914ff9c4a5a766ed8a772b24bf2\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Bour, Charles, 1814-1881","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_564.xml","title_ssm":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot"],"title_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1839"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1839"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"text":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839","C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564","Lithography","Music","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.","Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the .","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910","French"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"collection_ssim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564"],"unitid_tesim":["C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber in January 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1839],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/1387\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia additional papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3178\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba7955edd7809983117ed0c609883895\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_93bfb13b9fe5589a5feff7c166802196\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_coll_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_564.xml","title_ssm":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot"],"title_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1839"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1839"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"text":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839","C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564","Lithography","Music","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.","Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the .","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910","French"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"collection_ssim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564"],"unitid_tesim":["C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber in January 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1839],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/1387\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia additional papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3178\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba7955edd7809983117ed0c609883895\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_93bfb13b9fe5589a5feff7c166802196\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_coll_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bénard et Frey","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet \u003cspan\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/span\u003e based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_776.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide","title_ssm":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide"],"title_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide"],"unitdate_ssm":["1837"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1837"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1837"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837"],"text":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837","C0551","/repositories/2/resources/776","Ballet","Performing arts","Art","Lithography","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. 2026. \"Marie Taglioni | Romantic Ballet, Pointe Technique, La Sylphide.\" Britannica, April 20, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Taglioni.","\"Detailed Biography - Marie Taglioni.\" n.d. Accessed May 4, 2026. http://marietaglioni.orchesis-portal.org/index.php/texts/detailed-biography.","\"The Ethereal Woman.\" 2013. Gaynor Minden, October 21, 2013. https://dancer.com/ballet-info/the-story-of-ballet/the-ethereal-woman.","Marie Taglioni was born on April 23, 1804 in Stockholm, Sweden into a family of dancers, including her brother Salvatore who was a dance master in Naples, Italy and her father Filippo, a dancer and choreographer who was also her main dance trainer. Marie made her professional debut in Vienna, Austria in 1822 and rose to fame with her role in the ballet La Sylphide, choreographed by her father, which premiered at the Paris Opéra on March 12, 1832. A dramatic Romantic ballet, La Sylphide tells the story of a young Scottish man who falls in love with a sylph, the role played by Marie, not long before he is to be married. Sadly, when he is finally successful in catching the sylph, she dies, emphasizing the impossibility of love between a human and a spirit.","In this ballet, Marie became the first ballerina to dance en pointe for the work's entirety, accomplished using normal ballet slippers with reinforcements in the block of the slipper, rather than specialized pointe shoes. The technique was used to create the illusion of her sylph character floating across the stage, providing a stronger visual contrast to the movement of the Scottish man pursuing her. Additionally, the fitted bodice and airy, bell-like skirt worn as part of her costume became the prototype for the traditional tutu worn by ballet dancers for over a century. Marie remained active as a dancer, instructor, and choreographer for the next 40 years before she passed away in Marseille, France in April 1884 at the age of 79.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to ballet, such as the Ernst Oppler illustrations of Anna Pavlova in \"The Dying Swan\", and lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs.","Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for her most famous role in the ballet La Sylphide based on the contempory bronze sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre (1811–1896), printed by Bernard \u0026 Frey in 1837. The image shows Marie balancing on one foot above a base covered in a bed of flowers and her name appears in full along the front of the base. The initials \"M.A.\" appear at the bottom left of the image, and the name \"A. Barre\" along the bottom right of the base. The name \"Taglioni\" is written in pencil at the bottom.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre.","R 73, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey","Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837"],"collection_ssim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0551","/repositories/2/resources/776"],"unitid_tesim":["C0551","/repositories/2/resources/776"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Bénard et Frey"],"creator_ssim":["Bénard et Frey"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey"],"creators_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ballet","Performing arts","Art","Lithography"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ballet","Performing arts","Art","Lithography"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1837],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBritannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. 2026. \"Marie Taglioni | Romantic Ballet, Pointe Technique, La Sylphide.\" Britannica, April 20, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Taglioni.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Detailed Biography - Marie Taglioni.\" n.d. Accessed May 4, 2026. http://marietaglioni.orchesis-portal.org/index.php/texts/detailed-biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Ethereal Woman.\" 2013. \u003ctitle\u003eGaynor Minden\u003c/title\u003e, October 21, 2013. https://dancer.com/ballet-info/the-story-of-ballet/the-ethereal-woman.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. 2026. \"Marie Taglioni | Romantic Ballet, Pointe Technique, La Sylphide.\" Britannica, April 20, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Taglioni.","\"Detailed Biography - Marie Taglioni.\" n.d. Accessed May 4, 2026. http://marietaglioni.orchesis-portal.org/index.php/texts/detailed-biography.","\"The Ethereal Woman.\" 2013. Gaynor Minden, October 21, 2013. https://dancer.com/ballet-info/the-story-of-ballet/the-ethereal-woman."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMarie Taglioni was born on April 23, 1804 in Stockholm, Sweden into a family of dancers, including her brother Salvatore who was a dance master in Naples, Italy and her father Filippo, a dancer and choreographer who was also her main dance trainer. Marie made her professional debut in Vienna, Austria in 1822 and rose to fame with her role in the ballet \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e, choreographed by her father, which premiered at the Paris Opéra on March 12, 1832. A dramatic Romantic ballet, \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e tells the story of a young Scottish man who falls in love with a sylph, the role played by Marie, not long before he is to be married. Sadly, when he is finally successful in catching the sylph, she dies, emphasizing the impossibility of love between a human and a spirit. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this ballet, Marie became the first ballerina to dance \u003ctitle\u003een pointe\u003c/title\u003e for the work's entirety, accomplished using normal ballet slippers with reinforcements in the block of the slipper, rather than specialized pointe shoes. The technique was used to create the illusion of her sylph character floating across the stage, providing a stronger visual contrast to the movement of the Scottish man pursuing her. Additionally, the fitted bodice and airy, bell-like skirt worn as part of her costume became the prototype for the traditional tutu worn by ballet dancers for over a century. Marie remained active as a dancer, instructor, and choreographer for the next 40 years before she passed away in Marseille, France in April 1884 at the age of 79.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Marie Taglioni was born on April 23, 1804 in Stockholm, Sweden into a family of dancers, including her brother Salvatore who was a dance master in Naples, Italy and her father Filippo, a dancer and choreographer who was also her main dance trainer. Marie made her professional debut in Vienna, Austria in 1822 and rose to fame with her role in the ballet La Sylphide, choreographed by her father, which premiered at the Paris Opéra on March 12, 1832. A dramatic Romantic ballet, La Sylphide tells the story of a young Scottish man who falls in love with a sylph, the role played by Marie, not long before he is to be married. 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The image shows Marie balancing on one foot above a base covered in a bed of flowers and her name appears in full along the front of the base. The initials \"M.A.\" appear at the bottom left of the image, and the name \"A. Barre\" along the bottom right of the base. The name \"Taglioni\" is written in pencil at the bottom.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for her most famous role in the ballet La Sylphide based on the contempory bronze sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre (1811–1896), printed by Bernard \u0026 Frey in 1837. The image shows Marie balancing on one foot above a base covered in a bed of flowers and her name appears in full along the front of the base. The initials \"M.A.\" appear at the bottom left of the image, and the name \"A. Barre\" along the bottom right of the base. The name \"Taglioni\" is written in pencil at the bottom."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_df08b771ebf5e1e4d4ea53731b5a88cd\"\u003eLithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cd827906c7f7192269ce1f230f206360\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey"],"persname_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"names_coll_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey","Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_776","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_776.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide","title_ssm":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide"],"title_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide"],"unitdate_ssm":["1837"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1837"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1837"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837"],"text":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837","C0551","/repositories/2/resources/776","Ballet","Performing arts","Art","Lithography","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. 2026. \"Marie Taglioni | Romantic Ballet, Pointe Technique, La Sylphide.\" Britannica, April 20, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Taglioni.","\"Detailed Biography - Marie Taglioni.\" n.d. Accessed May 4, 2026. http://marietaglioni.orchesis-portal.org/index.php/texts/detailed-biography.","\"The Ethereal Woman.\" 2013. Gaynor Minden, October 21, 2013. https://dancer.com/ballet-info/the-story-of-ballet/the-ethereal-woman.","Marie Taglioni was born on April 23, 1804 in Stockholm, Sweden into a family of dancers, including her brother Salvatore who was a dance master in Naples, Italy and her father Filippo, a dancer and choreographer who was also her main dance trainer. Marie made her professional debut in Vienna, Austria in 1822 and rose to fame with her role in the ballet La Sylphide, choreographed by her father, which premiered at the Paris Opéra on March 12, 1832. A dramatic Romantic ballet, La Sylphide tells the story of a young Scottish man who falls in love with a sylph, the role played by Marie, not long before he is to be married. 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Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to ballet, such as the Ernst Oppler illustrations of Anna Pavlova in \"The Dying Swan\", and lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs.","Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for her most famous role in the ballet La Sylphide based on the contempory bronze sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre (1811–1896), printed by Bernard \u0026 Frey in 1837. The image shows Marie balancing on one foot above a base covered in a bed of flowers and her name appears in full along the front of the base. The initials \"M.A.\" appear at the bottom left of the image, and the name \"A. Barre\" along the bottom right of the base. The name \"Taglioni\" is written in pencil at the bottom.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre.","R 73, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey","Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837"],"collection_ssim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide, 1837"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0551","/repositories/2/resources/776"],"unitid_tesim":["C0551","/repositories/2/resources/776"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Bénard et Frey"],"creator_ssim":["Bénard et Frey"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey"],"creators_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ballet","Performing arts","Art","Lithography"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ballet","Performing arts","Art","Lithography"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1837],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBritannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. 2026. \"Marie Taglioni | Romantic Ballet, Pointe Technique, La Sylphide.\" Britannica, April 20, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Taglioni.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Detailed Biography - Marie Taglioni.\" n.d. Accessed May 4, 2026. http://marietaglioni.orchesis-portal.org/index.php/texts/detailed-biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Ethereal Woman.\" 2013. \u003ctitle\u003eGaynor Minden\u003c/title\u003e, October 21, 2013. https://dancer.com/ballet-info/the-story-of-ballet/the-ethereal-woman.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. 2026. \"Marie Taglioni | Romantic Ballet, Pointe Technique, La Sylphide.\" Britannica, April 20, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Taglioni.","\"Detailed Biography - Marie Taglioni.\" n.d. Accessed May 4, 2026. http://marietaglioni.orchesis-portal.org/index.php/texts/detailed-biography.","\"The Ethereal Woman.\" 2013. Gaynor Minden, October 21, 2013. https://dancer.com/ballet-info/the-story-of-ballet/the-ethereal-woman."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMarie Taglioni was born on April 23, 1804 in Stockholm, Sweden into a family of dancers, including her brother Salvatore who was a dance master in Naples, Italy and her father Filippo, a dancer and choreographer who was also her main dance trainer. Marie made her professional debut in Vienna, Austria in 1822 and rose to fame with her role in the ballet \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e, choreographed by her father, which premiered at the Paris Opéra on March 12, 1832. A dramatic Romantic ballet, \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e tells the story of a young Scottish man who falls in love with a sylph, the role played by Marie, not long before he is to be married. Sadly, when he is finally successful in catching the sylph, she dies, emphasizing the impossibility of love between a human and a spirit. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this ballet, Marie became the first ballerina to dance \u003ctitle\u003een pointe\u003c/title\u003e for the work's entirety, accomplished using normal ballet slippers with reinforcements in the block of the slipper, rather than specialized pointe shoes. The technique was used to create the illusion of her sylph character floating across the stage, providing a stronger visual contrast to the movement of the Scottish man pursuing her. Additionally, the fitted bodice and airy, bell-like skirt worn as part of her costume became the prototype for the traditional tutu worn by ballet dancers for over a century. Marie remained active as a dancer, instructor, and choreographer for the next 40 years before she passed away in Marseille, France in April 1884 at the age of 79.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Marie Taglioni was born on April 23, 1804 in Stockholm, Sweden into a family of dancers, including her brother Salvatore who was a dance master in Naples, Italy and her father Filippo, a dancer and choreographer who was also her main dance trainer. Marie made her professional debut in Vienna, Austria in 1822 and rose to fame with her role in the ballet La Sylphide, choreographed by her father, which premiered at the Paris Opéra on March 12, 1832. A dramatic Romantic ballet, La Sylphide tells the story of a young Scottish man who falls in love with a sylph, the role played by Marie, not long before he is to be married. 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Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in May 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/860\"\u003eballet\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/860\"\u003eErnst Oppler illustrations of Anna Pavlova in \"The Dying Swan\"\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85077598\"\u003elithography\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0471\"\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to ballet, such as the Ernst Oppler illustrations of Anna Pavlova in \"The Dying Swan\", and lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for her most famous role in the ballet \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e based on the contempory bronze sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre (1811–1896), printed by Bernard \u0026amp; Frey in 1837. 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The name \"Taglioni\" is written in pencil at the bottom."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_df08b771ebf5e1e4d4ea53731b5a88cd\"\u003eLithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet \u003ctitle\u003eLa Sylphide\u003c/title\u003e based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lithograph of Marie Taglioni in costume for the ballet La Sylphide based on the sculpture by Jean-Auguste Barre."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cd827906c7f7192269ce1f230f206360\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Bénard et Frey"],"persname_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"names_coll_ssim":["Barre, Jean Auguste, 1811-1896","Taglioni, Marie, 1804-1884"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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The group's first concert took place on May 4, 1848 at the Milentzschen Saale in Berlin and was attended by both the United States Minister to Berlin and the English Ambassador. After a brief tour in London, England, the group set sail for the United States on August 2, 1848. After arriving in New York City on September 28, the group gave their first United States performance on October 5 at Niblo's Garden (also known as Niblo's Opera House) and were soon in-demand for both public and private events in and around New York City and among the wealthy summer residents of Newport, Rhode Island. The Germania Musical Society eventually settled in Boston, Massachusetts before formally disbanding in the mid-1850s, although some members would continue to use the name for smaller orchestra groups.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other pieces of lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, and other music and performing arts collections.","Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850. The title is written in large font at the bottom of the illustration, with publisher attribution \"Lith. Of Sarony \u0026 Major, New York\" appearing above the title in smaller font. Underneath the illustration of each individual member is a number, possibly indicating their chair or position, which then corresponds to a more detailed listing below this containing their first initial, last name, and instrument, with the exception of No. 18 which includes just the individual's name. Twenty-one of the individuals are depicted holding their musical instrument, with the individual in the center, labeled No. 1 and identified as the \"Leader,\" depicted holding a scroll of paper and possibly a baton.","Dating for the lithograph is based on the use of Sarony \u0026 Major as a credit line between 1845-1857, the society's formation in 1848, and Charles Lenschow's resignation as Leader in 1850.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850.","Map Case 27.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Sarony \u0026 Major","Germania Musical Society","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithograph of The Germania Musical Society, 1848/1850"],"collection_ssim":["Lithograph of The Germania Musical Society, 1848/1850"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0542","/repositories/2/resources/767"],"unitid_tesim":["C0542","/repositories/2/resources/767"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Sarony \u0026 Major"],"creator_ssim":["Sarony \u0026 Major"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Last Collection of Graphic Arts and Social History.\" Accessed December 17, 2025. https://hdl.huntington.org/digital/collection/p16003coll4/id/2648.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarony, Major \u0026amp; Knapp.\" n.d. \u003ctitle\u003eAmerican Historical Print Collectors Society (AHPCS)\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed December 17, 2025. https://ahpcs.org/publisher/sarony-major-knapp/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Eiseman, Lee. 2024. \"Dance Music of the Germania Musical Society.\" News \u0026 Features. The Boston Musical Intelligencer, February 8. https://www.classical-scene.com/2024/02/08/dance-germania/.","Historic Music of Newport. n.d. \"The Germania Musical Society in Newport.\" Accessed December 17, 2025. https://www.historicmusicofnewport.org/blog/germania-musical-society.","Huntington Digital Library. n.d. \"The Germania Musical Society. - Jay T. Last Collection of Graphic Arts and Social History.\" Accessed December 17, 2025. https://hdl.huntington.org/digital/collection/p16003coll4/id/2648.","\"Sarony, Major \u0026 Knapp.\" n.d. American Historical Print Collectors Society (AHPCS). Accessed December 17, 2025. https://ahpcs.org/publisher/sarony-major-knapp/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormally founded in 1848, the group that became the Germania Musical Society originated with members of Joseph Gungl's orchestra in Berlin, Germany in late 1847. The group's first concert took place on May 4, 1848 at the Milentzschen Saale in Berlin and was attended by both the United States Minister to Berlin and the English Ambassador. After a brief tour in London, England, the group set sail for the United States on August 2, 1848. After arriving in New York City on September 28, the group gave their first United States performance on October 5 at Niblo's Garden (also known as Niblo's Opera House) and were soon in-demand for both public and private events in and around New York City and among the wealthy summer residents of Newport, Rhode Island. The Germania Musical Society eventually settled in Boston, Massachusetts before formally disbanding in the mid-1850s, although some members would continue to use the name for smaller orchestra groups.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Formally founded in 1848, the group that became the Germania Musical Society originated with members of Joseph Gungl's orchestra in Berlin, Germany in late 1847. The group's first concert took place on May 4, 1848 at the Milentzschen Saale in Berlin and was attended by both the United States Minister to Berlin and the English Ambassador. After a brief tour in London, England, the group set sail for the United States on August 2, 1848. After arriving in New York City on September 28, the group gave their first United States performance on October 5 at Niblo's Garden (also known as Niblo's Opera House) and were soon in-demand for both public and private events in and around New York City and among the wealthy summer residents of Newport, Rhode Island. The Germania Musical Society eventually settled in Boston, Massachusetts before formally disbanding in the mid-1850s, although some members would continue to use the name for smaller orchestra groups."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithograph of The Germania Musical Society, C0542, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithograph of The Germania Musical Society, C0542, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other pieces of lithography, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0471\"\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs\u003c/a\u003e, and other \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85088762\"\u003emusic\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85099818\"\u003eperforming arts\u003c/a\u003e collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other pieces of lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, and other music and performing arts collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850. The title is written in large font at the bottom of the illustration, with publisher attribution \"Lith. Of Sarony \u0026amp; Major, New York\" appearing above the title in smaller font. Underneath the illustration of each individual member is a number, possibly indicating their chair or position, which then corresponds to a more detailed listing below this containing their first initial, last name, and instrument, with the exception of No. 18 which includes just the individual's name. Twenty-one of the individuals are depicted holding their musical instrument, with the individual in the center, labeled No. 1 and identified as the \"Leader,\" depicted holding a scroll of paper and possibly a baton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating for the lithograph is based on the use of Sarony \u0026amp; Major as a credit line between 1845-1857, the society's formation in 1848, and Charles Lenschow's resignation as Leader in 1850.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850. The title is written in large font at the bottom of the illustration, with publisher attribution \"Lith. Of Sarony \u0026 Major, New York\" appearing above the title in smaller font. Underneath the illustration of each individual member is a number, possibly indicating their chair or position, which then corresponds to a more detailed listing below this containing their first initial, last name, and instrument, with the exception of No. 18 which includes just the individual's name. Twenty-one of the individuals are depicted holding their musical instrument, with the individual in the center, labeled No. 1 and identified as the \"Leader,\" depicted holding a scroll of paper and possibly a baton.","Dating for the lithograph is based on the use of Sarony \u0026 Major as a credit line between 1845-1857, the society's formation in 1848, and Charles Lenschow's resignation as Leader in 1850."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. 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The group's first concert took place on May 4, 1848 at the Milentzschen Saale in Berlin and was attended by both the United States Minister to Berlin and the English Ambassador. After a brief tour in London, England, the group set sail for the United States on August 2, 1848. After arriving in New York City on September 28, the group gave their first United States performance on October 5 at Niblo's Garden (also known as Niblo's Opera House) and were soon in-demand for both public and private events in and around New York City and among the wealthy summer residents of Newport, Rhode Island. The Germania Musical Society eventually settled in Boston, Massachusetts before formally disbanding in the mid-1850s, although some members would continue to use the name for smaller orchestra groups.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other pieces of lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, and other music and performing arts collections.","Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850. The title is written in large font at the bottom of the illustration, with publisher attribution \"Lith. Of Sarony \u0026 Major, New York\" appearing above the title in smaller font. Underneath the illustration of each individual member is a number, possibly indicating their chair or position, which then corresponds to a more detailed listing below this containing their first initial, last name, and instrument, with the exception of No. 18 which includes just the individual's name. Twenty-one of the individuals are depicted holding their musical instrument, with the individual in the center, labeled No. 1 and identified as the \"Leader,\" depicted holding a scroll of paper and possibly a baton.","Dating for the lithograph is based on the use of Sarony \u0026 Major as a credit line between 1845-1857, the society's formation in 1848, and Charles Lenschow's resignation as Leader in 1850.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850.","Map Case 27.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Sarony \u0026 Major","Germania Musical Society","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lithograph of The Germania Musical Society, 1848/1850"],"collection_ssim":["Lithograph of The Germania Musical Society, 1848/1850"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0542","/repositories/2/resources/767"],"unitid_tesim":["C0542","/repositories/2/resources/767"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Sarony \u0026 Major"],"creator_ssim":["Sarony \u0026 Major"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Last Collection of Graphic Arts and Social History.\" Accessed December 17, 2025. https://hdl.huntington.org/digital/collection/p16003coll4/id/2648.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarony, Major \u0026amp; Knapp.\" n.d. \u003ctitle\u003eAmerican Historical Print Collectors Society (AHPCS)\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed December 17, 2025. https://ahpcs.org/publisher/sarony-major-knapp/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Eiseman, Lee. 2024. \"Dance Music of the Germania Musical Society.\" News \u0026 Features. The Boston Musical Intelligencer, February 8. https://www.classical-scene.com/2024/02/08/dance-germania/.","Historic Music of Newport. n.d. \"The Germania Musical Society in Newport.\" Accessed December 17, 2025. https://www.historicmusicofnewport.org/blog/germania-musical-society.","Huntington Digital Library. n.d. \"The Germania Musical Society. - Jay T. Last Collection of Graphic Arts and Social History.\" Accessed December 17, 2025. https://hdl.huntington.org/digital/collection/p16003coll4/id/2648.","\"Sarony, Major \u0026 Knapp.\" n.d. American Historical Print Collectors Society (AHPCS). Accessed December 17, 2025. https://ahpcs.org/publisher/sarony-major-knapp/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormally founded in 1848, the group that became the Germania Musical Society originated with members of Joseph Gungl's orchestra in Berlin, Germany in late 1847. The group's first concert took place on May 4, 1848 at the Milentzschen Saale in Berlin and was attended by both the United States Minister to Berlin and the English Ambassador. After a brief tour in London, England, the group set sail for the United States on August 2, 1848. After arriving in New York City on September 28, the group gave their first United States performance on October 5 at Niblo's Garden (also known as Niblo's Opera House) and were soon in-demand for both public and private events in and around New York City and among the wealthy summer residents of Newport, Rhode Island. The Germania Musical Society eventually settled in Boston, Massachusetts before formally disbanding in the mid-1850s, although some members would continue to use the name for smaller orchestra groups.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Formally founded in 1848, the group that became the Germania Musical Society originated with members of Joseph Gungl's orchestra in Berlin, Germany in late 1847. The group's first concert took place on May 4, 1848 at the Milentzschen Saale in Berlin and was attended by both the United States Minister to Berlin and the English Ambassador. After a brief tour in London, England, the group set sail for the United States on August 2, 1848. After arriving in New York City on September 28, the group gave their first United States performance on October 5 at Niblo's Garden (also known as Niblo's Opera House) and were soon in-demand for both public and private events in and around New York City and among the wealthy summer residents of Newport, Rhode Island. The Germania Musical Society eventually settled in Boston, Massachusetts before formally disbanding in the mid-1850s, although some members would continue to use the name for smaller orchestra groups."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithograph of The Germania Musical Society, C0542, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithograph of The Germania Musical Society, C0542, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other pieces of lithography, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0471\"\u003e\"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs\u003c/a\u003e, and other \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85088762\"\u003emusic\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85099818\"\u003eperforming arts\u003c/a\u003e collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other pieces of lithography, such as the \"La Navarraise\" opera scene and costume lithographs, and other music and performing arts collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850. The title is written in large font at the bottom of the illustration, with publisher attribution \"Lith. Of Sarony \u0026amp; Major, New York\" appearing above the title in smaller font. Underneath the illustration of each individual member is a number, possibly indicating their chair or position, which then corresponds to a more detailed listing below this containing their first initial, last name, and instrument, with the exception of No. 18 which includes just the individual's name. Twenty-one of the individuals are depicted holding their musical instrument, with the individual in the center, labeled No. 1 and identified as the \"Leader,\" depicted holding a scroll of paper and possibly a baton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating for the lithograph is based on the use of Sarony \u0026amp; Major as a credit line between 1845-1857, the society's formation in 1848, and Charles Lenschow's resignation as Leader in 1850.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850. The title is written in large font at the bottom of the illustration, with publisher attribution \"Lith. Of Sarony \u0026 Major, New York\" appearing above the title in smaller font. Underneath the illustration of each individual member is a number, possibly indicating their chair or position, which then corresponds to a more detailed listing below this containing their first initial, last name, and instrument, with the exception of No. 18 which includes just the individual's name. Twenty-one of the individuals are depicted holding their musical instrument, with the individual in the center, labeled No. 1 and identified as the \"Leader,\" depicted holding a scroll of paper and possibly a baton.","Dating for the lithograph is based on the use of Sarony \u0026 Major as a credit line between 1845-1857, the society's formation in 1848, and Charles Lenschow's resignation as Leader in 1850."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_10ba377702ac8ca2304e3e47bbe40dab\"\u003eSingle-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Single-sided lithograph depicting the twenty-two members of The Germania Musical Society circa 1848-1850."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6798acfe271fecf468b10c0fba3251ec\"\u003eMap Case 27.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 27.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Sarony \u0026 Major","Germania Musical Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["Germania Musical Society"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Sarony \u0026 Major","Germania Musical Society"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_767"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_144.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914"],"text":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914","C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History","Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by locality of primary image.","The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , the , and the WRLC digital collection . The  is available for GMU affiliated researchers.","The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images.","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.","Public domain. There are no known restrictions.","The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.","Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"unitid_tesim":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Special Collections and Archives in 1997-2005 from Prints Old and Rare."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by locality of primary image.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by locality of primary image."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnother popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Alexander Haight family collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0159\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Milton Barnes papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0065\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the WRLC digital collection \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Civil War Archive\" href=\"http://www.aladin.wrlc.org/gsdl/collect/vacw/vacw.shtml\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. The \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"digital version of Harper's Weekly\" href=\"http://app.harpweek.com/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e is available for GMU affiliated researchers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , the , and the WRLC digital collection . The  is available for GMU affiliated researchers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images.","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dbd7a4df24b2682fee1bc6ec071e507a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a70d19fef0e8a7a6be4be2038580131d\"\u003eMap Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":471,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:21.201Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_144.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Northern Virginia Civil War images collection","title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914"],"text":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914","C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History","Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by locality of primary image.","The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , the , and the WRLC digital collection . The  is available for GMU affiliated researchers.","The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images.","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.","Public domain. There are no known restrictions.","The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.","Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, 1853/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"unitid_tesim":["C0150","/repositories/2/resources/144"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Special Collections and Archives in 1997-2005 from Prints Old and Rare."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Lithography","Chromolithography","Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Wood engravings","Steel engravings"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by locality of primary image.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by locality of primary image."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnother popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Illustrated London News was one of the first newspapers to employ wood engravings on a wide scale. One of its artists was Frank Vizetelly (1830-1883); he covered the Civil War for British readers. Early on, he illustrated the war from the Union side but was later allowed to draw from the Confederate side. Artists like Vizetelly sometimes did more than draw, though. He acted as a messenger for Confederate General James Longstreet at the battle of Chickamauga. Vizetelly was also a staff aide for the Confederates at the battle of Fredericksburg and was present at Charleston, South Carolina, when it was besieged. Because of such personal involvement by artists, many engravings were not made by detached observers, but by active participants in history unfolding.","Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was another artist who began his career as an engraver in 1842 and eventually published his own newspaper, which he titled, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The newspaper also covered the Civil War. Leslie used a large number of illustrations in his newspaper to increase circulation. Images from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper are well represented in Northern Virginia Images Collection, including several images from the German language edition of the newspaper.","Another popular periodical of the time was Harper's Weekly. It first appeared in 1857 and became one of the most important and influential periodicals in nineteenth century America, notably during the Civil War. Two prominent artists for Harper's Weekly during this period were Alfred Waud (1828-1891) and Thomas Nast (1840-1902). Engravings by both are included in Northern Virginia Images Collection. Waud was primarily assigned to the eastern front and covered the war from the Battle of First Manassas to the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Thomas Nast (who later became famous for creating the roly- poly figure in red we now know as Santa Claus) worked largely in New York for most of the war. One of the major exceptions to this was when he spent time in the Union camp during the Battle of Gettysburg. Nast's sympathies were for the Union side, which, naturally, bothered Southerners, who often sent threatening letters to Nast at the Harper's Weekly office. By and large, The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly illustrated the Civil War from the Northern point-of-view.","Many of today's Northern Virginia residents only know the area as a population outgrowth of Washington, D.C. Despite this cosmopolitan reputation, it was largely farm country at the time of the Civil War through World War II. Few realize that the area was the frequent battleground for large contending forces. Yet, many of the areas that are depicted in the images still exist today but under much different circumstances. Some of the areas included in these images have undergone radical cultural changes as well. An Islamic Mosque now occupies Munson Hill, which Confederate forces occupied under General J.E.B. Stuart during early days of the war."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorthern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Northern Virginia Civil War images collection, C0150, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. EAD updated by Greta Kuriger in July 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Alexander Haight family collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0159\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Milton Barnes papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0065\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the WRLC digital collection \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Civil War Archive\" href=\"http://www.aladin.wrlc.org/gsdl/collect/vacw/vacw.shtml\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. The \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"digital version of Harper's Weekly\" href=\"http://app.harpweek.com/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e is available for GMU affiliated researchers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , the , and the WRLC digital collection . The  is available for GMU affiliated researchers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of nearly 200 images on various historical subjects in a variety of formats, including wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, maps, and manuscripts. Most of the images depict battles and maps of the Civil War. The maps include the cities of Arlington and Alexandria and the counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William. Columbia Pike, Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, the Little River Turnpike, Centreville and Manassas all existed at the time of the Civil War and all of them are represented or referenced in these images.","Most of the Civil War images are from three periodicals: The Illustrated London News, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and Harper's Weekly. They are primarily wood engravings, several of which are hand colored. Though wood engraving was invented as an illustrative technique in the 1790s, it was the later appearance of the mass illustrated newspaper that took advantage of the technique to appeal to a wide readership.","Although pictorial images comprise the majority of images in the collection, there are also numerous maps, most of which were produced by lithography. A number were produced for military purposes and employed by both the North and South alike. Maps made during the Civil War were often exceedingly accurate; their usefulness carried on into the twentieth century."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dbd7a4df24b2682fee1bc6ec071e507a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains images and maps depicting Northern Virginia. A majority of the images are contemporary illustrations of the Civil War in Virginia. Formats include wood engravings, steel engravings, lithographs, chromolithographs, and a manuscript."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a70d19fef0e8a7a6be4be2038580131d\"\u003eMap Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map Case 11.5, 23.5-24.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":471,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:21.201Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_144"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":11},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Lithography\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell 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