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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Sanborn Map Company, Harrisonburg, Virginia (1891-1924), Microfilm #1685, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Using the Sanborn Fire Insurance maps for Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1891 to 1930, it was determined that this ledger belonged to the Snell Grocery and Hardware Company. The 1891 Sanborn map shows Yancey, Snell \u0026 Company, Wholesale Grocer's plaster mill and warehouse at 541 North Main Street. By 1907, the company was known as Snell \u0026 Berry Grocery Company. By 1918, the company was renamed J.M. Snell Grocery. 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Pablo Chacon succeeded Villalobos at Norfolk, serving from 1817 to 1829, and was followed by Antonio Pomar (1822 to 1835) and Walter de Lacy (1839 to 1846).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: Materials within collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Antonio Argote Villalobos was the Spanish consul at Norfolk, VA from 1797 to 1817, and previously at Lexington, KY from 1795 to 1796. 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N.","Robbins, S."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:46.871Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_701"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_459#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_459#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_459.xml","title_ssm":["State Student Loan Ledger"],"title_tesim":["State Student Loan Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1936"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1936"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1936"],"normalized_title_ssm":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936"],"text":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936","UA 0034","/repositories/4/resources/459","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Student loans","Universities and colleges -- Finance -- History -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger remains bound and is housed in a box.","Dingledine, Raymond C. \"Madison College, the First Fifty Years, 1908-1958.\" Harrisonburg, VA:  Madison College, 1959.","Find A Grave. \"Howard Kemper Gibbons (1896-1975).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 78279340. Accessed February 20, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78279340.","\"Administration Provides Services Necessary for Efficient Functioning of Institution.\" The Breeze. September 11, 1965. Accessed February 20, 2018. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1134\u0026context=i19601969.","The ledger was maintained by Howard K. Gibbons (1896-1975), treasurer and business manager at Madison College for 41 years, from 1925 until 1966. Prior to 1928, the state student loan fund records were maintained in a receipt register of the Maintenance and Operating Fund of the College. After July 1st, 1936, the records were transferred to a Burroughs Automatic Bookkeeping Machine.","The ledger was formerly assigned call number SU 2004-1216, Student Loan Ledger and Alumni Scrapbook.","The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936. The ledger contains names of student lenders, record of their loan at 4% interest, payments, and the fund balance. Funds were held at the First National Bank, likely the Harrisonburg branch.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936"],"collection_ssim":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0034","/repositories/4/resources/459"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0034","/repositories/4/resources/459"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["No accession documentation available."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Student loans","Universities and colleges -- Finance -- History -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Student loans","Universities and colleges -- Finance -- History -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.13 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.13 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger remains bound and is housed in a box.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledger remains bound and is housed in a box."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eDingledine, Raymond C. \"Madison College, the First Fifty Years, 1908-1958.\" Harrisonburg, VA:  Madison College, 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFind A Grave. \"Howard Kemper Gibbons (1896-1975).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 78279340. Accessed February 20, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78279340.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Administration Provides Services Necessary for Efficient Functioning of Institution.\" The Breeze. September 11, 1965. Accessed February 20, 2018. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1134\u0026amp;context=i19601969.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Dingledine, Raymond C. \"Madison College, the First Fifty Years, 1908-1958.\" Harrisonburg, VA:  Madison College, 1959.","Find A Grave. \"Howard Kemper Gibbons (1896-1975).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 78279340. Accessed February 20, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78279340.","\"Administration Provides Services Necessary for Efficient Functioning of Institution.\" The Breeze. September 11, 1965. Accessed February 20, 2018. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1134\u0026context=i19601969."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger was maintained by Howard K. Gibbons (1896-1975), treasurer and business manager at Madison College for 41 years, from 1925 until 1966. Prior to 1928, the state student loan fund records were maintained in a receipt register of the Maintenance and Operating Fund of the College. After July 1st, 1936, the records were transferred to a Burroughs Automatic Bookkeeping Machine.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The ledger was maintained by Howard K. Gibbons (1896-1975), treasurer and business manager at Madison College for 41 years, from 1925 until 1966. Prior to 1928, the state student loan fund records were maintained in a receipt register of the Maintenance and Operating Fund of the College. After July 1st, 1936, the records were transferred to a Burroughs Automatic Bookkeeping Machine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], State Student Loan Ledger, 1928-1936, UA 0034, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], State Student Loan Ledger, 1928-1936, UA 0034, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger was formerly assigned call number SU 2004-1216, Student Loan Ledger and Alumni Scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The ledger was formerly assigned call number SU 2004-1216, Student Loan Ledger and Alumni Scrapbook."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936. 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Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f1238c19768560002707b972bc75b370\"\u003eThe State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_coll_ssim":["State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_459","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_459.xml","title_ssm":["State Student Loan Ledger"],"title_tesim":["State Student Loan Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1936"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1936"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1936"],"normalized_title_ssm":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936"],"text":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936","UA 0034","/repositories/4/resources/459","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Student loans","Universities and colleges -- Finance -- History -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger remains bound and is housed in a box.","Dingledine, Raymond C. \"Madison College, the First Fifty Years, 1908-1958.\" Harrisonburg, VA:  Madison College, 1959.","Find A Grave. \"Howard Kemper Gibbons (1896-1975).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 78279340. Accessed February 20, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78279340.","\"Administration Provides Services Necessary for Efficient Functioning of Institution.\" The Breeze. September 11, 1965. Accessed February 20, 2018. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1134\u0026context=i19601969.","The ledger was maintained by Howard K. Gibbons (1896-1975), treasurer and business manager at Madison College for 41 years, from 1925 until 1966. Prior to 1928, the state student loan fund records were maintained in a receipt register of the Maintenance and Operating Fund of the College. After July 1st, 1936, the records were transferred to a Burroughs Automatic Bookkeeping Machine.","The ledger was formerly assigned call number SU 2004-1216, Student Loan Ledger and Alumni Scrapbook.","The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936. The ledger contains names of student lenders, record of their loan at 4% interest, payments, and the fund balance. Funds were held at the First National Bank, likely the Harrisonburg branch.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936"],"collection_ssim":["State Student Loan Ledger, 1928/1936"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0034","/repositories/4/resources/459"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0034","/repositories/4/resources/459"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["No accession documentation available."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Student loans","Universities and colleges -- Finance -- History -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Student loans","Universities and colleges -- Finance -- History -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.13 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.13 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger remains bound and is housed in a box.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledger remains bound and is housed in a box."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eDingledine, Raymond C. \"Madison College, the First Fifty Years, 1908-1958.\" Harrisonburg, VA:  Madison College, 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFind A Grave. \"Howard Kemper Gibbons (1896-1975).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 78279340. Accessed February 20, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78279340.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Administration Provides Services Necessary for Efficient Functioning of Institution.\" The Breeze. September 11, 1965. Accessed February 20, 2018. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1134\u0026amp;context=i19601969.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Dingledine, Raymond C. \"Madison College, the First Fifty Years, 1908-1958.\" Harrisonburg, VA:  Madison College, 1959.","Find A Grave. \"Howard Kemper Gibbons (1896-1975).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 78279340. Accessed February 20, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78279340.","\"Administration Provides Services Necessary for Efficient Functioning of Institution.\" The Breeze. September 11, 1965. Accessed February 20, 2018. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1134\u0026context=i19601969."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger was maintained by Howard K. Gibbons (1896-1975), treasurer and business manager at Madison College for 41 years, from 1925 until 1966. 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After July 1st, 1936, the records were transferred to a Burroughs Automatic Bookkeeping Machine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], State Student Loan Ledger, 1928-1936, UA 0034, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], State Student Loan Ledger, 1928-1936, UA 0034, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger was formerly assigned call number SU 2004-1216, Student Loan Ledger and Alumni Scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The ledger was formerly assigned call number SU 2004-1216, Student Loan Ledger and Alumni Scrapbook."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936. 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Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f1238c19768560002707b972bc75b370\"\u003eThe State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The State Student Loan Fund Ledger contains record of student loans at the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, from 1928-1936."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_coll_ssim":["State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_459"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_757","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Staunton electric companies collection, 1916/1923","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_757#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_757#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"One bound volume of meter readings presumably taken by a Staunton-based public utility company and loose (photocopied) balance sheets for the Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_757#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_757","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_757","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_757","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_757","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_757.xml","title_ssm":["Staunton electric companies collection"],"title_tesim":["Staunton electric companies collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1916-1923"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1916-1923"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916/1923"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Staunton electric companies collection, 1916/1923"],"text":["Staunton electric companies collection, 1916/1923","SC 0381","/repositories/4/resources/757","Staunton (Va.)  -- History","Staunton (Va.)  -- Economic conditions","Electric industries -- Virginia -- Staunton -- History","Financial statements -- Virginia","Electric meters","Financial Records","Ledgers (account books)","Balance sheets","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Despite not being created by the same corporate body, the ledger and balance sheets are arranged in the same collection due to shared provenance.","The Electric Supply Company of the South operated in Staunton at 24 N. Central Ave. in the Central Realty Building. The company sold electric appliances and wired and installed electric light.","The presumed creator of the meter readings ledger is a Staunton-based public utility company.","Due to overall condition issues, the balance sheets were photocopied and originals discarded.","One bound volume of meter readings presumably taken by a Staunton-based public utility company and loose (photocopied) balance sheets for the Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.). The meter readings document the customer's name and address, amount of kilowatt-hours used per month, and the amount charged to the customer. All customers have Staunton addresses and include private individuals and businesses. The balance sheets include lists of assets and liabilities, profit and loss statements, operating statements, and analyses of interest payable.","The balance sheets and meter readings do not appear to have been created by the same corporate body. The bound volume also includes loose papers referencing the Staunton Lighting Company and the Virginia Public Service Company.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","One bound volume of meter readings presumably taken by a Staunton-based public utility company and loose (photocopied) balance sheets for the Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.).","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.)","Tim Abbott Americana","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Staunton electric companies collection, 1916/1923"],"collection_ssim":["Staunton electric companies collection, 1916/1923"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0381","/repositories/4/resources/757"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0381","/repositories/4/resources/757"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History","Staunton (Va.)  -- Economic conditions"],"geogname_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History","Staunton (Va.)  -- Economic conditions"],"places_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History","Staunton (Va.)  -- Economic conditions"],"creator_ssm":["Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.)","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.)","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.)","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.)","Tim Abbott Americana"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana's March 2024 catalog of Virginia And African-American History."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Electric industries -- Virginia -- Staunton -- History","Financial statements -- Virginia","Electric meters","Financial Records","Ledgers (account books)","Balance sheets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Electric industries -- Virginia -- Staunton -- History","Financial statements -- Virginia","Electric meters","Financial Records","Ledgers (account books)","Balance sheets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.29 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.29 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Financial Records","Ledgers (account books)","Balance sheets"],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. 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The company sold electric appliances and wired and installed electric light.","The presumed creator of the meter readings ledger is a Staunton-based public utility company."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Staunton Electric Companies Collection, 1916-1923, SC 0381, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Staunton Electric Companies Collection, 1916-1923, SC 0381, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to overall condition issues, the balance sheets were photocopied and originals discarded.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Due to overall condition issues, the balance sheets were photocopied and originals discarded."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne bound volume of meter readings presumably taken by a Staunton-based public utility company and loose (photocopied) balance sheets for the Electric Supply Company of the South (Staunton, Va.). 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May, by which time the Stowe family had moved to Richmond.","Source: Materials within collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16433, Stowe grocery store ledgers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16433, Stowe grocery store ledgers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA related collection can be found at MSS 16057, May family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A related collection can be found at MSS 16057, May family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stowe grocery store ledgers (1870-1934; 0.4 cubic feet) document the operation of the titular family's grocery store in Petersburg, Virginia. 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May, by which time the Stowe family had moved to Richmond.","Source: Materials within collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16433, Stowe grocery store ledgers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16433, Stowe grocery store ledgers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA related collection can be found at MSS 16057, May family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A related collection can be found at MSS 16057, May family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stowe grocery store ledgers (1870-1934; 0.4 cubic feet) document the operation of the titular family's grocery store in Petersburg, Virginia. 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The collection also contains a small file of personal letters and bills for appliances."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["Materials are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:18.647Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_901"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Student Government Council Meeting Minutes, 1932/1965","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection of ledgers, which dates from 1932 to 1965, contains the meeting minutes of the Student Government Council, the House Council, and the Judicial Council.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_21.xml","title_ssm":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes"],"title_tesim":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes"],"unitdate_ssm":["1932-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-1965"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932/1965"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes, 1932/1965"],"text":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes, 1932/1965","LU.105","Longwood University -- Student Government","Longwood University -- House Council","Longwood University -- Judicial Council","Ledgers (account books)","Student government at Longwood University came into existence in 1916, early in the tenure of Dr. Joseph L. Jarman. To ensure a stellar reputation for then-State Normal School for Women, according to Longwood historian Richard Couture, Dr. Jarman placed the governance of the school firmly in the hands of the students and ingrained in them the ideal that the best discipline was self-discipline. In 1932, the House Council was formed. Representatives of each dormitory hall were elected and given the responsibility of enforcing rules and regulations on their respective halls. Additionally, in the early 1960s, a Judicial Council was formed and given the task of passing judgement on those students who broke the rules. The duties and responsibilities of the Student Government Association have evolved over the years, but the system which began over 100 years ago is still in existence today.","The volumes in this collection originated with the Student Government Council, House Council, and Judicial Council. 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To ensure a stellar reputation for then-State Normal School for Women, according to Longwood historian Richard Couture, Dr. Jarman placed the governance of the school firmly in the hands of the students and ingrained in them the ideal that the best discipline was self-discipline. In 1932, the House Council was formed. Representatives of each dormitory hall were elected and given the responsibility of enforcing rules and regulations on their respective halls. Additionally, in the early 1960s, a Judicial Council was formed and given the task of passing judgement on those students who broke the rules. The duties and responsibilities of the Student Government Association have evolved over the years, but the system which began over 100 years ago is still in existence today."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe volumes in this collection originated with the Student Government Council, House Council, and Judicial Council. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The volumes in this collection originated with the Student Government Council, House Council, and Judicial Council. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of ledgers, which dates from 1932 to 1965, contains the meeting minutes of the Student Government Council, the House Council, and the Judicial Council.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of ledgers, which dates from 1932 to 1965, contains the meeting minutes of the Student Government Council, the House Council, and the Judicial Council."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:41.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_21","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_21.xml","title_ssm":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes"],"title_tesim":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes"],"unitdate_ssm":["1932-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-1965"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932/1965"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes, 1932/1965"],"text":["Student Government Council Meeting Minutes, 1932/1965","LU.105","Longwood University -- Student Government","Longwood University -- House Council","Longwood University -- Judicial Council","Ledgers (account books)","Student government at Longwood University came into existence in 1916, early in the tenure of Dr. Joseph L. Jarman. To ensure a stellar reputation for then-State Normal School for Women, according to Longwood historian Richard Couture, Dr. Jarman placed the governance of the school firmly in the hands of the students and ingrained in them the ideal that the best discipline was self-discipline. In 1932, the House Council was formed. Representatives of each dormitory hall were elected and given the responsibility of enforcing rules and regulations on their respective halls. Additionally, in the early 1960s, a Judicial Council was formed and given the task of passing judgement on those students who broke the rules. The duties and responsibilities of the Student Government Association have evolved over the years, but the system which began over 100 years ago is still in existence today.","The volumes in this collection originated with the Student Government Council, House Council, and Judicial Council. 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To ensure a stellar reputation for then-State Normal School for Women, according to Longwood historian Richard Couture, Dr. Jarman placed the governance of the school firmly in the hands of the students and ingrained in them the ideal that the best discipline was self-discipline. In 1932, the House Council was formed. Representatives of each dormitory hall were elected and given the responsibility of enforcing rules and regulations on their respective halls. Additionally, in the early 1960s, a Judicial Council was formed and given the task of passing judgement on those students who broke the rules. The duties and responsibilities of the Student Government Association have evolved over the years, but the system which began over 100 years ago is still in existence today."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe volumes in this collection originated with the Student Government Council, House Council, and Judicial Council. 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The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4076.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Dickerson, Thomas,  Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1805-1850"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1805-1850"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1805/1850"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850"],"text":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850","Ms.2023.031","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","African Americans -- History","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","Thomas Dickerson (also known as Dickinson or Dickenson) was a plantation owner from Nottoway County, Virginia who enslaved 139 people by 1860. The 1850 U. S. Federal Census lists him as Thomas Dickenson, owning a residence and two plantations, known as 'Belgrove' and 'Turkey island'. In his ledger kept from 1805-1850, Thomas Dickerson lists the events and transactions regarding enslaved persons. A noteable name mentioned in Dickerson's ledger is Dr. James Jones (1772-1848), a U. S. Representative from Virginia who also served as the Surgeon General for Virginia during the War of 1812.","External sources:","\"Thomas Dickemons\", ancestry.com, http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026h=15402288, accessed 5/31/2023.","\"Mountain Hall\", Virginia Department of Historic Resources, https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/, accessed 5/31/2023.","The guide to the Thomas Dickerson Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Dickerson Ledger was completed in May 2023.","This collection contains a ledger of plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), owner of several plantations in Nottoway County, Va. Kept between 1805 and 1850, the ledger includes notes and business transactions. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This ledger includes notes and business transactions of the plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), of Nottoway County, Virginia. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.031"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.031"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Dickerson Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in September 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","African Americans -- History","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","African Americans -- History","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Dickerson (also known as Dickinson or Dickenson) was a plantation owner from Nottoway County, Virginia who enslaved 139 people by 1860. The 1850 U. S. Federal Census lists him as Thomas Dickenson, owning a residence and two plantations, known as 'Belgrove' and 'Turkey island'. In his ledger kept from 1805-1850, Thomas Dickerson lists the events and transactions regarding enslaved persons. A noteable name mentioned in Dickerson's ledger is Dr. James Jones (1772-1848), a U. S. Representative from Virginia who also served as the Surgeon General for Virginia during the War of 1812. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas Dickemons\", ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026amp;db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026amp;h=15402288\"\u003ehttp://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026amp;db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026amp;h=15402288\u003c/a\u003e, accessed 5/31/2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mountain Hall\", Virginia Department of Historic Resources, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/\"\u003ehttps://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed 5/31/2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Dickerson (also known as Dickinson or Dickenson) was a plantation owner from Nottoway County, Virginia who enslaved 139 people by 1860. The 1850 U. S. Federal Census lists him as Thomas Dickenson, owning a residence and two plantations, known as 'Belgrove' and 'Turkey island'. In his ledger kept from 1805-1850, Thomas Dickerson lists the events and transactions regarding enslaved persons. A noteable name mentioned in Dickerson's ledger is Dr. James Jones (1772-1848), a U. S. Representative from Virginia who also served as the Surgeon General for Virginia during the War of 1812.","External sources:","\"Thomas Dickemons\", ancestry.com, http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026h=15402288, accessed 5/31/2023.","\"Mountain Hall\", Virginia Department of Historic Resources, https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/, accessed 5/31/2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Dickerson Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Dickerson Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805-1850, Ms2023-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805-1850, Ms2023-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Dickerson Ledger was completed in May 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Dickerson Ledger was completed in May 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a ledger of plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), owner of several plantations in Nottoway County, Va. Kept between 1805 and 1850, the ledger includes notes and business transactions. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a ledger of plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), owner of several plantations in Nottoway County, Va. Kept between 1805 and 1850, the ledger includes notes and business transactions. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_79d0c758d66f5f4e400bc1729f760680\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis ledger includes notes and business transactions of the plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), of Nottoway County, Virginia. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This ledger includes notes and business transactions of the plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), of Nottoway County, Virginia. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4076.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Dickerson, Thomas,  Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1805-1850"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1805-1850"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1805/1850"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850"],"text":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850","Ms.2023.031","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","African Americans -- History","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","Thomas Dickerson (also known as Dickinson or Dickenson) was a plantation owner from Nottoway County, Virginia who enslaved 139 people by 1860. The 1850 U. S. Federal Census lists him as Thomas Dickenson, owning a residence and two plantations, known as 'Belgrove' and 'Turkey island'. In his ledger kept from 1805-1850, Thomas Dickerson lists the events and transactions regarding enslaved persons. A noteable name mentioned in Dickerson's ledger is Dr. James Jones (1772-1848), a U. S. Representative from Virginia who also served as the Surgeon General for Virginia during the War of 1812.","External sources:","\"Thomas Dickemons\", ancestry.com, http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026h=15402288, accessed 5/31/2023.","\"Mountain Hall\", Virginia Department of Historic Resources, https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/, accessed 5/31/2023.","The guide to the Thomas Dickerson Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Dickerson Ledger was completed in May 2023.","This collection contains a ledger of plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), owner of several plantations in Nottoway County, Va. Kept between 1805 and 1850, the ledger includes notes and business transactions. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This ledger includes notes and business transactions of the plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), of Nottoway County, Virginia. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805/1850"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.031"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.031"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Dickerson Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in September 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","African Americans -- History","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","African Americans -- History","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Dickerson (also known as Dickinson or Dickenson) was a plantation owner from Nottoway County, Virginia who enslaved 139 people by 1860. The 1850 U. S. Federal Census lists him as Thomas Dickenson, owning a residence and two plantations, known as 'Belgrove' and 'Turkey island'. In his ledger kept from 1805-1850, Thomas Dickerson lists the events and transactions regarding enslaved persons. A noteable name mentioned in Dickerson's ledger is Dr. James Jones (1772-1848), a U. S. Representative from Virginia who also served as the Surgeon General for Virginia during the War of 1812. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas Dickemons\", ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026amp;db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026amp;h=15402288\"\u003ehttp://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026amp;db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026amp;h=15402288\u003c/a\u003e, accessed 5/31/2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mountain Hall\", Virginia Department of Historic Resources, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/\"\u003ehttps://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed 5/31/2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Dickerson (also known as Dickinson or Dickenson) was a plantation owner from Nottoway County, Virginia who enslaved 139 people by 1860. The 1850 U. S. Federal Census lists him as Thomas Dickenson, owning a residence and two plantations, known as 'Belgrove' and 'Turkey island'. In his ledger kept from 1805-1850, Thomas Dickerson lists the events and transactions regarding enslaved persons. A noteable name mentioned in Dickerson's ledger is Dr. James Jones (1772-1848), a U. S. Representative from Virginia who also served as the Surgeon General for Virginia during the War of 1812.","External sources:","\"Thomas Dickemons\", ancestry.com, http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1\u0026db=1850usfedcenancestry\u0026h=15402288, accessed 5/31/2023.","\"Mountain Hall\", Virginia Department of Historic Resources, https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/067-0031/, accessed 5/31/2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Dickerson Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Dickerson Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805-1850, Ms2023-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Dickerson Ledger, 1805-1850, Ms2023-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Dickerson Ledger was completed in May 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Dickerson Ledger was completed in May 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a ledger of plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), owner of several plantations in Nottoway County, Va. Kept between 1805 and 1850, the ledger includes notes and business transactions. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a ledger of plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), owner of several plantations in Nottoway County, Va. Kept between 1805 and 1850, the ledger includes notes and business transactions. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_79d0c758d66f5f4e400bc1729f760680\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis ledger includes notes and business transactions of the plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), of Nottoway County, Virginia. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This ledger includes notes and business transactions of the plantation owner Thomas Dickerson (also Dickenson and Dickinson), of Nottoway County, Virginia. The plantations grew tobacco, wheat, and corn. Entries include sale of these goods, purchase of others, purchase of medical services for enslaved persons, and cash loans."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dickerson, Thomas (Nottoway County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4076"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_705","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Thomas D. Ranson record book, 1884/1912","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_705#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ranson, Thomas D., 1843-1918","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_705#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis book of Thomas D. Ranson (Law 1868), a Staunton, VA, attorney, contains a name index in the front; numbered pages are headed by client name; dates are given in the left margin and action or activity described to the right of them. 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Lee and J. E. B. Stuart. He was captured by the Union Forces in 1864 and was imprisoned at Fort McHenry. After his release in 1865, he farmed and in 1868 he got his law degree from the University of Virginia. He practiced law in Staunton, VA, until 1918.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas D. Ranson, UVA Law 1868, was born 19 May 1843 near Charleston, West Virginia. In 1861 he joined the Confederate Army, and fought under the orders of generals Robert E. Lee and J. E. B. Stuart. He was captured by the Union Forces in 1864 and was imprisoned at Fort McHenry. After his release in 1865, he farmed and in 1868 he got his law degree from the University of Virginia. He practiced law in Staunton, VA, until 1918."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis book of Thomas D. Ranson (Law 1868), a Staunton, VA, attorney, contains a name index in the front; numbered pages are headed by client name; dates are given in the left margin and action or activity described to the right of them. Entries cease after page 189.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This book of Thomas D. Ranson (Law 1868), a Staunton, VA, attorney, contains a name index in the front; numbered pages are headed by client name; dates are given in the left margin and action or activity described to the right of them. Entries cease after page 189."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Ranson, Thomas D., 1843-1918","Ranson, J. Baldwin, 1874-1905"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ranson, J. Baldwin, 1874-1905","Ranson, Thomas D., 1843-1918"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Ranson, Thomas D., 1843-1918","Ranson, J. Baldwin, 1874-1905"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:46.871Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_705"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4320.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1881"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1881"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881"],"text":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881","Ms.2024.093","Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883.","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952).","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall. Franklin County, Virginia, a history, p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History, p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], The Times Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548, accessed October 29, 2024.","The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people.","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400.","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871.","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.093"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.093"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal Links:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Federal Census, 1850-1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWingfield, Marshall. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, a history,\u003c/title\u003e p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,\u003c/title\u003e p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Times Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883.","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952).","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall. Franklin County, Virginia, a history, p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History, p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], The Times Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548, accessed October 29, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people.","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400.","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871.","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3efe15902e23389631e2c75e28b5063a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4320.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1881"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1881"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881"],"text":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881","Ms.2024.093","Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883.","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952).","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall. Franklin County, Virginia, a history, p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History, p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], The Times Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548, accessed October 29, 2024.","The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people.","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400.","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871.","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853/1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.093"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.093"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal Links:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Federal Census, 1850-1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWingfield, Marshall. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, a history,\u003c/title\u003e p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,\u003c/title\u003e p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Times Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883.","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952).","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall. Franklin County, Virginia, a history, p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History, p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], The Times Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555, accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548, accessed October 29, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people.","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400.","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871.","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3efe15902e23389631e2c75e28b5063a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and 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