{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026page=3","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026page=2","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026page=4","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026page=5"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":5,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":44,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, 1809/1951","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e This collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/149134","title_filing_ssi":"Slaughter, Jane Chapman  papers","title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"title_tesim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1951"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1951"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, 1809/1951"],"text":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, 1809/1951","MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465","Women -- United States","Women in higher education","Ledgers (account books)","Good","This collection is open for research.","The papers have been arranged in the following order: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, Series 3. School notebooks, Series 4. Genealogical material (including papers, notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, newspaper clippings, and family crests),and Series 5. Financial and Legal papers","Jane Slaughter (1860-1951) was born in Virginia. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching for several years, she returned to William and Mary, where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75.  Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia.","This collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia.","These papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas.","Jane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. 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The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"","The Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"names_coll_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/149134","title_filing_ssi":"Slaughter, Jane Chapman  papers","title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"title_tesim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1951"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1951"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, 1809/1951"],"text":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, 1809/1951","MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465","Women -- United States","Women in higher education","Ledgers (account books)","Good","This collection is open for research.","The papers have been arranged in the following order: Series 1. 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Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia.","This collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia.","These papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas.","Jane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. 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She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. 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She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\"","While this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier.","In addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation.","Included is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"","The Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"names_coll_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Oglesby, J. T.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2546.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Oglesby, J.T., Account Ledger","title_ssm":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger"],"title_tesim":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1890"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1885/1890"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890"],"text":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890","Ms.2009.127","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","No biographical or historical information is availabe.","The guide to the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger commenced and was completed in September 2009.","This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents railroad and shipping accounts, as well as individual accounts. The amount of each debt is recorded along with the date, amount, and form of repayment. The ledger is empty starting from page 70.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Oglesby, J. T.","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890"],"collection_ssim":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.127"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.127"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Oglesby, J. T."],"creator_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in June 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo biographical or historical information is availabe.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["No biographical or historical information is availabe."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, Ms2009-127, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, Ms2009-127, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger commenced and was completed in September 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger commenced and was completed in September 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents railroad and shipping accounts, as well as individual accounts. The amount of each debt is recorded along with the date, amount, and form of repayment. The ledger is empty starting from page 70.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents railroad and shipping accounts, as well as individual accounts. The amount of each debt is recorded along with the date, amount, and form of repayment. The ledger is empty starting from page 70."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e0ef882b8991d8da5e582962b6b191bc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Oglesby, J. T."],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2546.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Oglesby, J.T., Account Ledger","title_ssm":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger"],"title_tesim":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1890"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1885/1890"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890"],"text":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890","Ms.2009.127","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","No biographical or historical information is availabe.","The guide to the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger commenced and was completed in September 2009.","This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents railroad and shipping accounts, as well as individual accounts. The amount of each debt is recorded along with the date, amount, and form of repayment. The ledger is empty starting from page 70.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Oglesby, J. T.","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890"],"collection_ssim":["J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, 1885/1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.127"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.127"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Oglesby, J. T."],"creator_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in June 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo biographical or historical information is availabe.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["No biographical or historical information is availabe."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, Ms2009-127, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger, Ms2009-127, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger commenced and was completed in September 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the J.T. Oglesby Account Ledger commenced and was completed in September 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents railroad and shipping accounts, as well as individual accounts. The amount of each debt is recorded along with the date, amount, and form of repayment. The ledger is empty starting from page 70.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents railroad and shipping accounts, as well as individual accounts. The amount of each debt is recorded along with the date, amount, and form of repayment. The ledger is empty starting from page 70."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e0ef882b8991d8da5e582962b6b191bc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This account ledger from Lucretia, Virginia, documents individual, shipping, and railroad accounts."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Oglesby, J. T."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Oglesby, J. T."],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2546"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_637#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_637#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_637#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["J. W. Tate Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["J. W. Tate Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1905"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905"],"text":["J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905","SC 0301","/repositories/4/resources/637","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History","Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Obituary of John W. Tate, Daily News-Record, November 3, 1915.","Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 31 January 2020), memorial page for John William Tate (8 Dec 1858–2 Nov 1915), Find A Grave Memorial no. 58158477, citing Antioch United Church of Christ Cemetery, Rockingham County, Virginia, USA ; Maintained by RaderFarm (contributor 47191113) .","John William Tate (1858-1915), son of John Henry Tate (1833-1898) and Sarah A. Tate (1822-1898), was a life-long resident of the Amberly/Greenmount area of Rockingham County, Virginia. He was a blacksmith by trade and also served as the postmaster of the Amberly post office, established in 1891. He married Sarah Fulk (1867-1950) with whom he had three children - Edward Carl Tate (1888-1966), Luna C. Tate (1891-1918), and William Newtown Tate (1894-1979). According to Luna Tate's autobiographical sketch, included in this collection, Edward and William Tate oversaw the 55-acre family farm while their dad ran the blacksmith shop.","Loose materials not otherwise related to Tate's blacksmith business were removed from the ledgers and foldered separately.","The J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.","The ledgers include the names of Tate's customers, services or materials provided, and their respective cost.","In her autobiographical sketch, Luna Tate describes her family's farm, her father's blacksmith shop, schooling, and travels. A five-page biography of Christopher Columbus written by Luna Tate, likely for a school assignment, is included. Correspondence is from family in Ohio (Dayton and Clayton) and friends in Waynesboro, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana","Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905"],"collection_ssim":["J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0301","/repositories/4/resources/637"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0301","/repositories/4/resources/637"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana in November 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 cubic feet 5 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 cubic feet 5 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eObituary of John W. Tate, Daily News-Record, November 3, 1915.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFind A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 31 January 2020), memorial page for John William Tate (8 Dec 1858–2 Nov 1915), Find A Grave Memorial no. 58158477, citing Antioch United Church of Christ Cemetery, Rockingham County, Virginia, USA ; Maintained by RaderFarm (contributor 47191113) .\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary of John W. Tate, Daily News-Record, November 3, 1915.","Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 31 January 2020), memorial page for John William Tate (8 Dec 1858–2 Nov 1915), Find A Grave Memorial no. 58158477, citing Antioch United Church of Christ Cemetery, Rockingham County, Virginia, USA ; Maintained by RaderFarm (contributor 47191113) ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn William Tate (1858-1915), son of John Henry Tate (1833-1898) and Sarah A. Tate (1822-1898), was a life-long resident of the Amberly/Greenmount area of Rockingham County, Virginia. He was a blacksmith by trade and also served as the postmaster of the Amberly post office, established in 1891. He married Sarah Fulk (1867-1950) with whom he had three children - Edward Carl Tate (1888-1966), Luna C. Tate (1891-1918), and William Newtown Tate (1894-1979). According to Luna Tate's autobiographical sketch, included in this collection, Edward and William Tate oversaw the 55-acre family farm while their dad ran the blacksmith shop.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John William Tate (1858-1915), son of John Henry Tate (1833-1898) and Sarah A. Tate (1822-1898), was a life-long resident of the Amberly/Greenmount area of Rockingham County, Virginia. He was a blacksmith by trade and also served as the postmaster of the Amberly post office, established in 1891. He married Sarah Fulk (1867-1950) with whom he had three children - Edward Carl Tate (1888-1966), Luna C. Tate (1891-1918), and William Newtown Tate (1894-1979). According to Luna Tate's autobiographical sketch, included in this collection, Edward and William Tate oversaw the 55-acre family farm while their dad ran the blacksmith shop."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, SC 0301, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, SC 0301, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLoose materials not otherwise related to Tate's blacksmith business were removed from the ledgers and foldered separately.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Loose materials not otherwise related to Tate's blacksmith business were removed from the ledgers and foldered separately."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers include the names of Tate's customers, services or materials provided, and their respective cost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn her autobiographical sketch, Luna Tate describes her family's farm, her father's blacksmith shop, schooling, and travels. A five-page biography of Christopher Columbus written by Luna Tate, likely for a school assignment, is included. Correspondence is from family in Ohio (Dayton and Clayton) and friends in Waynesboro, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.","The ledgers include the names of Tate's customers, services or materials provided, and their respective cost.","In her autobiographical sketch, Luna Tate describes her family's farm, her father's blacksmith shop, schooling, and travels. A five-page biography of Christopher Columbus written by Luna Tate, likely for a school assignment, is included. Correspondence is from family in Ohio (Dayton and Clayton) and friends in Waynesboro, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. 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(John William), 1858-1915"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:36:24.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["J. W. Tate Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["J. W. Tate Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1905"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905"],"text":["J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888/1905","SC 0301","/repositories/4/resources/637","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History","Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Obituary of John W. Tate, Daily News-Record, November 3, 1915.","Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 31 January 2020), memorial page for John William Tate (8 Dec 1858–2 Nov 1915), Find A Grave Memorial no. 58158477, citing Antioch United Church of Christ Cemetery, Rockingham County, Virginia, USA ; Maintained by RaderFarm (contributor 47191113) .","John William Tate (1858-1915), son of John Henry Tate (1833-1898) and Sarah A. Tate (1822-1898), was a life-long resident of the Amberly/Greenmount area of Rockingham County, Virginia. He was a blacksmith by trade and also served as the postmaster of the Amberly post office, established in 1891. He married Sarah Fulk (1867-1950) with whom he had three children - Edward Carl Tate (1888-1966), Luna C. Tate (1891-1918), and William Newtown Tate (1894-1979). According to Luna Tate's autobiographical sketch, included in this collection, Edward and William Tate oversaw the 55-acre family farm while their dad ran the blacksmith shop.","Loose materials not otherwise related to Tate's blacksmith business were removed from the ledgers and foldered separately.","The J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.","The ledgers include the names of Tate's customers, services or materials provided, and their respective cost.","In her autobiographical sketch, Luna Tate describes her family's farm, her father's blacksmith shop, schooling, and travels. A five-page biography of Christopher Columbus written by Luna Tate, likely for a school assignment, is included. Correspondence is from family in Ohio (Dayton and Clayton) and friends in Waynesboro, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. 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(John William), 1858-1915","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_ssim":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"creators_ssim":["Tate, J. W. (John William), 1858-1915","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Tim Abbott Americana"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Tim Abbott Americana in November 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 cubic feet 5 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 cubic feet 5 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Printed Ephemera","Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. 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Tate, Daily News-Record, November 3, 1915.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFind A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 31 January 2020), memorial page for John William Tate (8 Dec 1858–2 Nov 1915), Find A Grave Memorial no. 58158477, citing Antioch United Church of Christ Cemetery, Rockingham County, Virginia, USA ; Maintained by RaderFarm (contributor 47191113) .\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary of John W. Tate, Daily News-Record, November 3, 1915.","Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 31 January 2020), memorial page for John William Tate (8 Dec 1858–2 Nov 1915), Find A Grave Memorial no. 58158477, citing Antioch United Church of Christ Cemetery, Rockingham County, Virginia, USA ; Maintained by RaderFarm (contributor 47191113) ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn William Tate (1858-1915), son of John Henry Tate (1833-1898) and Sarah A. Tate (1822-1898), was a life-long resident of the Amberly/Greenmount area of Rockingham County, Virginia. He was a blacksmith by trade and also served as the postmaster of the Amberly post office, established in 1891. He married Sarah Fulk (1867-1950) with whom he had three children - Edward Carl Tate (1888-1966), Luna C. Tate (1891-1918), and William Newtown Tate (1894-1979). According to Luna Tate's autobiographical sketch, included in this collection, Edward and William Tate oversaw the 55-acre family farm while their dad ran the blacksmith shop.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John William Tate (1858-1915), son of John Henry Tate (1833-1898) and Sarah A. Tate (1822-1898), was a life-long resident of the Amberly/Greenmount area of Rockingham County, Virginia. He was a blacksmith by trade and also served as the postmaster of the Amberly post office, established in 1891. He married Sarah Fulk (1867-1950) with whom he had three children - Edward Carl Tate (1888-1966), Luna C. Tate (1891-1918), and William Newtown Tate (1894-1979). According to Luna Tate's autobiographical sketch, included in this collection, Edward and William Tate oversaw the 55-acre family farm while their dad ran the blacksmith shop."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, SC 0301, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, SC 0301, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLoose materials not otherwise related to Tate's blacksmith business were removed from the ledgers and foldered separately.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Loose materials not otherwise related to Tate's blacksmith business were removed from the ledgers and foldered separately."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. 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Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.","The ledgers include the names of Tate's customers, services or materials provided, and their respective cost.","In her autobiographical sketch, Luna Tate describes her family's farm, her father's blacksmith shop, schooling, and travels. A five-page biography of Christopher Columbus written by Luna Tate, likely for a school assignment, is included. Correspondence is from family in Ohio (Dayton and Clayton) and friends in Waynesboro, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6261e2cefe36276546ed30c08a1da032\"\u003eThe J. W. Tate Ledgers, 1888-1905, comprise four account books documenting Tate's blacksmith business in the Amberly area of Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include correspondence, printed ephemera, and an incomplete autobiographical sketch of Luna Tate, J. W. Tate's daughter.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The J. W. 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(John William), 1858-1915"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:36:24.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_637"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_265#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_265#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Two ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_265#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_265.xml","title_ssm":["Lumber Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Lumber Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1890"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1883/1890"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890"],"text":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890","SC 0110","/repositories/4/resources/265","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Sawmills -- Accounting -- Sources","Sawmills -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Sawmills -- Virginia","Sawmills -- West Virginia","Forest products industry -- Allegheny Mountains","Forests and forestry -- Economic aspects","Lumber -- Prices","Lumber trade -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Lumber trade -- History -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Marketing -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Virginia","Lumber trade -- West Virginia","Lumber -- Transportation -- Prices","Lumbering -- Allegheny Mountains","Logging -- Allegheny Mountains","Log transportation","Bark peeling -- Economic aspects","Railroad ties","Bark -- Utilization -- Costs","Bark -- Transportation -- Costs","Farm supply industries -- Costs","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledgers are housed in one folder.","The ledgers originated from the estate of Jim and Pam Kiser in Woodstock, Virginia.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2090.","The ledgers, dated 1883-1890, likely document a sawmill operation. The exact  provenance of the ledgers is unknown, but according to the previous owners the location of the business operation was most likely Shenandoah or Rockingham counties in Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. However, the surnames present in the ledgers, including Royer, Biddle, Schumaker, Detwiler, Brenneman, Solenberger, etc., also indicate a probable connection to Pennsylvania.","The majority of entries, made under individual names, are payments for chopping, hauling, and sawing logs or making boards or planks; some refer to other lumber products such as switch and first and second class ties (presumably for a railroad). Many of the entries document the 1890 tanbark peeling season, beginning on April 28 with notations for \"making road,\" then on April 29 into mid-June for peeling, hauling, sledding, ranking, carrying out, and loading bark in car (again, presumably railroad). Other commodities are also occasionally mentioned, including cabbage, apple butter, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat, tobacco, beef, pork, articles of clothing, and blankets.","Among others, names repeated throughout the ledgers include Andrew Solenberger, Franklin Breniman/Brenneman, George Sailer, Jacob Snively, John Detwiler, Orville Snively, Jacob Fry, Jacob Schumaker, Samuel Fouse, and Andrew Biddle.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Two ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890"],"collection_ssim":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0110","/repositories/4/resources/265"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0110","/repositories/4/resources/265"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased at the Green Valley Auction Barn in November 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Sawmills -- Accounting -- Sources","Sawmills -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Sawmills -- Virginia","Sawmills -- West Virginia","Forest products industry -- Allegheny Mountains","Forests and forestry -- Economic aspects","Lumber -- Prices","Lumber trade -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Lumber trade -- History -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Marketing -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Virginia","Lumber trade -- West Virginia","Lumber -- Transportation -- Prices","Lumbering -- Allegheny Mountains","Logging -- Allegheny Mountains","Log transportation","Bark peeling -- Economic aspects","Railroad ties","Bark -- Utilization -- Costs","Bark -- Transportation -- Costs","Farm supply industries -- Costs","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Sawmills -- Accounting -- Sources","Sawmills -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Sawmills -- Virginia","Sawmills -- West Virginia","Forest products industry -- Allegheny Mountains","Forests and forestry -- Economic aspects","Lumber -- Prices","Lumber trade -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Lumber trade -- History -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Marketing -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Virginia","Lumber trade -- West Virginia","Lumber -- Transportation -- Prices","Lumbering -- Allegheny Mountains","Logging -- Allegheny Mountains","Log transportation","Bark peeling -- Economic aspects","Railroad ties","Bark -- Utilization -- Costs","Bark -- Transportation -- Costs","Farm supply industries -- Costs","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers are housed in one folder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledgers are housed in one folder."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers originated from the estate of Jim and Pam Kiser in Woodstock, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The ledgers originated from the estate of Jim and Pam Kiser in Woodstock, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of Item], [box #, folder #], Lumber Ledgers, SC 0110, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of Item], [box #, folder #], Lumber Ledgers, SC 0110, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2090.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2090."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers, dated 1883-1890, likely document a sawmill operation. The exact  provenance of the ledgers is unknown, but according to the previous owners the location of the business operation was most likely Shenandoah or Rockingham counties in Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. However, the surnames present in the ledgers, including Royer, Biddle, Schumaker, Detwiler, Brenneman, Solenberger, etc., also indicate a probable connection to Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of entries, made under individual names, are payments for chopping, hauling, and sawing logs or making boards or planks; some refer to other lumber products such as switch and first and second class ties (presumably for a railroad). Many of the entries document the 1890 tanbark peeling season, beginning on April 28 with notations for \"making road,\" then on April 29 into mid-June for peeling, hauling, sledding, ranking, carrying out, and loading bark in car (again, presumably railroad). Other commodities are also occasionally mentioned, including cabbage, apple butter, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat, tobacco, beef, pork, articles of clothing, and blankets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong others, names repeated throughout the ledgers include Andrew Solenberger, Franklin Breniman/Brenneman, George Sailer, Jacob Snively, John Detwiler, Orville Snively, Jacob Fry, Jacob Schumaker, Samuel Fouse, and Andrew Biddle.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The ledgers, dated 1883-1890, likely document a sawmill operation. The exact  provenance of the ledgers is unknown, but according to the previous owners the location of the business operation was most likely Shenandoah or Rockingham counties in Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. However, the surnames present in the ledgers, including Royer, Biddle, Schumaker, Detwiler, Brenneman, Solenberger, etc., also indicate a probable connection to Pennsylvania.","The majority of entries, made under individual names, are payments for chopping, hauling, and sawing logs or making boards or planks; some refer to other lumber products such as switch and first and second class ties (presumably for a railroad). Many of the entries document the 1890 tanbark peeling season, beginning on April 28 with notations for \"making road,\" then on April 29 into mid-June for peeling, hauling, sledding, ranking, carrying out, and loading bark in car (again, presumably railroad). Other commodities are also occasionally mentioned, including cabbage, apple butter, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat, tobacco, beef, pork, articles of clothing, and blankets.","Among others, names repeated throughout the ledgers include Andrew Solenberger, Franklin Breniman/Brenneman, George Sailer, Jacob Snively, John Detwiler, Orville Snively, Jacob Fry, Jacob Schumaker, Samuel Fouse, and Andrew Biddle."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1c799928be6c774a620bb91b9facf838\"\u003eTwo ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Two ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_coll_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_265","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_265.xml","title_ssm":["Lumber Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Lumber Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1890"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1883/1890"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890"],"text":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890","SC 0110","/repositories/4/resources/265","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Sawmills -- Accounting -- Sources","Sawmills -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Sawmills -- Virginia","Sawmills -- West Virginia","Forest products industry -- Allegheny Mountains","Forests and forestry -- Economic aspects","Lumber -- Prices","Lumber trade -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Lumber trade -- History -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Marketing -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Virginia","Lumber trade -- West Virginia","Lumber -- Transportation -- Prices","Lumbering -- Allegheny Mountains","Logging -- Allegheny Mountains","Log transportation","Bark peeling -- Economic aspects","Railroad ties","Bark -- Utilization -- Costs","Bark -- Transportation -- Costs","Farm supply industries -- Costs","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledgers are housed in one folder.","The ledgers originated from the estate of Jim and Pam Kiser in Woodstock, Virginia.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2090.","The ledgers, dated 1883-1890, likely document a sawmill operation. The exact  provenance of the ledgers is unknown, but according to the previous owners the location of the business operation was most likely Shenandoah or Rockingham counties in Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. However, the surnames present in the ledgers, including Royer, Biddle, Schumaker, Detwiler, Brenneman, Solenberger, etc., also indicate a probable connection to Pennsylvania.","The majority of entries, made under individual names, are payments for chopping, hauling, and sawing logs or making boards or planks; some refer to other lumber products such as switch and first and second class ties (presumably for a railroad). Many of the entries document the 1890 tanbark peeling season, beginning on April 28 with notations for \"making road,\" then on April 29 into mid-June for peeling, hauling, sledding, ranking, carrying out, and loading bark in car (again, presumably railroad). Other commodities are also occasionally mentioned, including cabbage, apple butter, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat, tobacco, beef, pork, articles of clothing, and blankets.","Among others, names repeated throughout the ledgers include Andrew Solenberger, Franklin Breniman/Brenneman, George Sailer, Jacob Snively, John Detwiler, Orville Snively, Jacob Fry, Jacob Schumaker, Samuel Fouse, and Andrew Biddle.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Two ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890"],"collection_ssim":["Lumber Ledgers, 1883/1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0110","/repositories/4/resources/265"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0110","/repositories/4/resources/265"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Pendleton County (W. Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased at the Green Valley Auction Barn in November 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Sawmills -- Accounting -- Sources","Sawmills -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Sawmills -- Virginia","Sawmills -- West Virginia","Forest products industry -- Allegheny Mountains","Forests and forestry -- Economic aspects","Lumber -- Prices","Lumber trade -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Lumber trade -- History -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Marketing -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Virginia","Lumber trade -- West Virginia","Lumber -- Transportation -- Prices","Lumbering -- Allegheny Mountains","Logging -- Allegheny Mountains","Log transportation","Bark peeling -- Economic aspects","Railroad ties","Bark -- Utilization -- Costs","Bark -- Transportation -- Costs","Farm supply industries -- Costs","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Sawmills -- Accounting -- Sources","Sawmills -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Sawmills -- Virginia","Sawmills -- West Virginia","Forest products industry -- Allegheny Mountains","Forests and forestry -- Economic aspects","Lumber -- Prices","Lumber trade -- Economic aspects -- Allegheny Mountains","Lumber trade -- History -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Marketing -- 19th century","Lumber trade -- Virginia","Lumber trade -- West Virginia","Lumber -- Transportation -- Prices","Lumbering -- Allegheny Mountains","Logging -- Allegheny Mountains","Log transportation","Bark peeling -- Economic aspects","Railroad ties","Bark -- Utilization -- Costs","Bark -- Transportation -- Costs","Farm supply industries -- Costs","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers are housed in one folder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledgers are housed in one folder."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers originated from the estate of Jim and Pam Kiser in Woodstock, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The ledgers originated from the estate of Jim and Pam Kiser in Woodstock, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of Item], [box #, folder #], Lumber Ledgers, SC 0110, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of Item], [box #, folder #], Lumber Ledgers, SC 0110, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2090.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2090."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers, dated 1883-1890, likely document a sawmill operation. The exact  provenance of the ledgers is unknown, but according to the previous owners the location of the business operation was most likely Shenandoah or Rockingham counties in Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. However, the surnames present in the ledgers, including Royer, Biddle, Schumaker, Detwiler, Brenneman, Solenberger, etc., also indicate a probable connection to Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of entries, made under individual names, are payments for chopping, hauling, and sawing logs or making boards or planks; some refer to other lumber products such as switch and first and second class ties (presumably for a railroad). Many of the entries document the 1890 tanbark peeling season, beginning on April 28 with notations for \"making road,\" then on April 29 into mid-June for peeling, hauling, sledding, ranking, carrying out, and loading bark in car (again, presumably railroad). Other commodities are also occasionally mentioned, including cabbage, apple butter, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat, tobacco, beef, pork, articles of clothing, and blankets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong others, names repeated throughout the ledgers include Andrew Solenberger, Franklin Breniman/Brenneman, George Sailer, Jacob Snively, John Detwiler, Orville Snively, Jacob Fry, Jacob Schumaker, Samuel Fouse, and Andrew Biddle.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The ledgers, dated 1883-1890, likely document a sawmill operation. The exact  provenance of the ledgers is unknown, but according to the previous owners the location of the business operation was most likely Shenandoah or Rockingham counties in Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. However, the surnames present in the ledgers, including Royer, Biddle, Schumaker, Detwiler, Brenneman, Solenberger, etc., also indicate a probable connection to Pennsylvania.","The majority of entries, made under individual names, are payments for chopping, hauling, and sawing logs or making boards or planks; some refer to other lumber products such as switch and first and second class ties (presumably for a railroad). Many of the entries document the 1890 tanbark peeling season, beginning on April 28 with notations for \"making road,\" then on April 29 into mid-June for peeling, hauling, sledding, ranking, carrying out, and loading bark in car (again, presumably railroad). Other commodities are also occasionally mentioned, including cabbage, apple butter, potatoes, buckwheat, wheat, tobacco, beef, pork, articles of clothing, and blankets.","Among others, names repeated throughout the ledgers include Andrew Solenberger, Franklin Breniman/Brenneman, George Sailer, Jacob Snively, John Detwiler, Orville Snively, Jacob Fry, Jacob Schumaker, Samuel Fouse, and Andrew Biddle."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1c799928be6c774a620bb91b9facf838\"\u003eTwo ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Two ledgers likely documenting a sawmill or lumber operation in western Virginia or Pendleton County, West Virginia. The surnames present in the ledgers also indicate a potential connection to Pennsylvania."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_coll_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_265"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"text":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913","SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044.","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:44.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"text":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913","SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044.","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:44.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2578.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger","title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1889-1921"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1889-1921"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1889/1921"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"text":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921","Ms.2010.025","Tazewell County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.","The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.","This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"collection_ssim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in 1997. The volume was purchased under the title \"Norfolk and Western Cash Ledger,\" but upon closer inspection in 2010 was found to relate to the Radford Brick Company."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8c9798b33f18b9398ca2d76d6381fc82\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2578.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger","title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1889-1921"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1889-1921"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1889/1921"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"text":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921","Ms.2010.025","Tazewell County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.","The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.","This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"collection_ssim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in 1997. The volume was purchased under the title \"Norfolk and Western Cash Ledger,\" but upon closer inspection in 2010 was found to relate to the Radford Brick Company."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8c9798b33f18b9398ca2d76d6381fc82\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2835.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers","title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1896"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1896"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1896"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"text":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896","Ms.2012.081","Pulaski County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.","The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books.","The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.","See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"collection_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.081"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.081"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Reed Island Company Ledgers were acquired by Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDirectory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=juo7AQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA36\u0026amp;ots=xQlmvoQ0U-\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA36#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSupplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=8SYqAAAAYAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;ots=-oar486eHZ\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA33#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\" show=\"new\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2459.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eReed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_48ed9def8be36c8b1649e308496e701e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2835.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers","title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1896"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1896"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1896"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"text":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896","Ms.2012.081","Pulaski County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.","The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books.","The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.","See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"collection_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.081"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.081"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Reed Island Company Ledgers were acquired by Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDirectory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=juo7AQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA36\u0026amp;ots=xQlmvoQ0U-\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA36#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSupplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=8SYqAAAAYAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;ots=-oar486eHZ\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA33#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\" show=\"new\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2459.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eReed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_48ed9def8be36c8b1649e308496e701e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Longwood University. Office of the Registrar","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_12.xml","title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"title_tesim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"text":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994","LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12","Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)","In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.","The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.","This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"collection_ssim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12"],"unitid_tesim":["LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"creator_ssm":["Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"creator_ssim":["Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"creators_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.7 Linear Feet 18 flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["13.7 Linear Feet 18 flat boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:41.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_12.xml","title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"title_tesim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"text":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994","LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12","Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)","In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.","The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.","This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"collection_ssim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12"],"unitid_tesim":["LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"creator_ssm":["Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"creator_ssim":["Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"creators_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.7 Linear Feet 18 flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["13.7 Linear Feet 18 flat boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:41.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Zigler, John, 1786-1856","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_275.xml","title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1903"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1903"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1903"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"text":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903","SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275","Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local","Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893","Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.","John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).","The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"creators_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert H. \"Twig\" and Lorraine Strickler donated this collection to Carrier Library in December 1990.","In March 2022, Special Collections aquired from Crown Collectibles a ledger/daybook (Daybook/Ledger 19) belonging to the same John Zigler."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in two series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDaybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eUnbound material, 1843-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJonassen, Diane. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGerman Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMiller, Gordon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0f17978a4786b00a8c40e38435169af3\"\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_275.xml","title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1903"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1903"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1903"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"text":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903","SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275","Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local","Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893","Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.","John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).","The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"creators_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert H. \"Twig\" and Lorraine Strickler donated this collection to Carrier Library in December 1990.","In March 2022, Special Collections aquired from Crown Collectibles a ledger/daybook (Daybook/Ledger 19) belonging to the same John Zigler."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in two series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDaybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eUnbound material, 1843-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJonassen, Diane. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGerman Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMiller, Gordon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0f17978a4786b00a8c40e38435169af3\"\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_548#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_548#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Rockingham County Ledger contains business related accounts pertaining to the sale and purchase of goods and livestock, general farm accounts, employee payments, and debts owed/paid by individuals within Rockingham County.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_548#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_548.xml","title_ssm":["Rockingham County Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Rockingham County Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1878-1892"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1878-1892"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1878/1892"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892"],"text":["Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892","SC 0219","/repositories/4/resources/548","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Livestock -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger remains bound and is arranged according to its original order.","This ledger documents the business activities of an unnamed livestock company in Rockingham County during the late-nineteenth century.","The ledger is in poor condition, the binding is worn and fragile, the cover has water damage, is warped and falling apart, some of the pages show signs of water damage and inactive mold, there are several pages that have been torn out, and the ink on some pages has bled through to other pages making the writing illegible.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5045.","The Rockingham County Ledger is a business ledger from a prominent livestock company from ca. 1878-1892 in Rockingham County, Virginia. It contains the day-to-day transactions of multiple farms and individuals within Rockingham County. The most notable of these records are those from the farm of John R. Thomas, M. Thomas, and J.F.L. Henkel, which were kept continuously beginning in 1879 and ending in 1892. The recorder also kept transactional records in this ledger for Berry Good from December 1879 to May 1882. There are records for other individuals in the ledger as well; Nelson Nash, James Chapman, Dudley Proffitt, Jerry Nash, William Beasley, and Robert Scot, however none of these records were kept for longer than a few months. Each item that was sold or purchased was noted in this ledger.","The ledger measures 6 1/2\" x 13\".","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Rockingham County Ledger contains business related accounts pertaining to the sale and purchase of goods and livestock, general farm accounts, employee payments, and debts owed/paid by individuals within Rockingham County.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892"],"collection_ssim":["Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0219","/repositories/4/resources/548"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0219","/repositories/4/resources/548"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"creator_ssim":["Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Rocky's Gold, Silver, and Antiques in Weyers Cave, Virginia in July 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Livestock -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Livestock -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.24 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.24 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger remains bound and is arranged according to its original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledger remains bound and is arranged according to its original order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis ledger documents the business activities of an unnamed livestock company in Rockingham County during the late-nineteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["This ledger documents the business activities of an unnamed livestock company in Rockingham County during the late-nineteenth century."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #[ Rockingham County Ledger, 1878-1892, SC 0219, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #[ Rockingham County Ledger, 1878-1892, SC 0219, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger is in poor condition, the binding is worn and fragile, the cover has water damage, is warped and falling apart, some of the pages show signs of water damage and inactive mold, there are several pages that have been torn out, and the ink on some pages has bled through to other pages making the writing illegible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 5045.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The ledger is in poor condition, the binding is worn and fragile, the cover has water damage, is warped and falling apart, some of the pages show signs of water damage and inactive mold, there are several pages that have been torn out, and the ink on some pages has bled through to other pages making the writing illegible.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5045."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Rockingham County Ledger is a business ledger from a prominent livestock company from ca. 1878-1892 in Rockingham County, Virginia. It contains the day-to-day transactions of multiple farms and individuals within Rockingham County. The most notable of these records are those from the farm of John R. Thomas, M. Thomas, and J.F.L. Henkel, which were kept continuously beginning in 1879 and ending in 1892. The recorder also kept transactional records in this ledger for Berry Good from December 1879 to May 1882. There are records for other individuals in the ledger as well; Nelson Nash, James Chapman, Dudley Proffitt, Jerry Nash, William Beasley, and Robert Scot, however none of these records were kept for longer than a few months. Each item that was sold or purchased was noted in this ledger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger measures 6 1/2\" x 13\".\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Rockingham County Ledger is a business ledger from a prominent livestock company from ca. 1878-1892 in Rockingham County, Virginia. It contains the day-to-day transactions of multiple farms and individuals within Rockingham County. The most notable of these records are those from the farm of John R. Thomas, M. Thomas, and J.F.L. Henkel, which were kept continuously beginning in 1879 and ending in 1892. The recorder also kept transactional records in this ledger for Berry Good from December 1879 to May 1882. There are records for other individuals in the ledger as well; Nelson Nash, James Chapman, Dudley Proffitt, Jerry Nash, William Beasley, and Robert Scot, however none of these records were kept for longer than a few months. Each item that was sold or purchased was noted in this ledger.","The ledger measures 6 1/2\" x 13\"."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a937dd149165b2a66e2c67ec78590097\"\u003eThe Rockingham County Ledger contains business related accounts pertaining to the sale and purchase of goods and livestock, general farm accounts, employee payments, and debts owed/paid by individuals within Rockingham County.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Rockingham County Ledger contains business related accounts pertaining to the sale and purchase of goods and livestock, general farm accounts, employee payments, and debts owed/paid by individuals within Rockingham County."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:36:09.969Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_548","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_548.xml","title_ssm":["Rockingham County Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Rockingham County Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1878-1892"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1878-1892"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1878/1892"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892"],"text":["Rockingham County Ledger, 1878/1892","SC 0219","/repositories/4/resources/548","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Livestock -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger remains bound and is arranged according to its original order.","This ledger documents the business activities of an unnamed livestock company in Rockingham County during the late-nineteenth century.","The ledger is in poor condition, the binding is worn and fragile, the cover has water damage, is warped and falling apart, some of the pages show signs of water damage and inactive mold, there are several pages that have been torn out, and the ink on some pages has bled through to other pages making the writing illegible.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5045.","The Rockingham County Ledger is a business ledger from a prominent livestock company from ca. 1878-1892 in Rockingham County, Virginia. It contains the day-to-day transactions of multiple farms and individuals within Rockingham County. The most notable of these records are those from the farm of John R. Thomas, M. Thomas, and J.F.L. Henkel, which were kept continuously beginning in 1879 and ending in 1892. The recorder also kept transactional records in this ledger for Berry Good from December 1879 to May 1882. There are records for other individuals in the ledger as well; Nelson Nash, James Chapman, Dudley Proffitt, Jerry Nash, William Beasley, and Robert Scot, however none of these records were kept for longer than a few months. Each item that was sold or purchased was noted in this ledger.","The ledger measures 6 1/2\" x 13\".","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Rocky's Gold, Silver, and Antiques in Weyers Cave, Virginia in July 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Livestock -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Merchants -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Records and correspondence","Livestock -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.24 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.24 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. 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This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5045."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Rockingham County Ledger is a business ledger from a prominent livestock company from ca. 1878-1892 in Rockingham County, Virginia. It contains the day-to-day transactions of multiple farms and individuals within Rockingham County. The most notable of these records are those from the farm of John R. Thomas, M. Thomas, and J.F.L. Henkel, which were kept continuously beginning in 1879 and ending in 1892. The recorder also kept transactional records in this ledger for Berry Good from December 1879 to May 1882. There are records for other individuals in the ledger as well; Nelson Nash, James Chapman, Dudley Proffitt, Jerry Nash, William Beasley, and Robert Scot, however none of these records were kept for longer than a few months. Each item that was sold or purchased was noted in this ledger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger measures 6 1/2\" x 13\".\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Rockingham County Ledger is a business ledger from a prominent livestock company from ca. 1878-1892 in Rockingham County, Virginia. It contains the day-to-day transactions of multiple farms and individuals within Rockingham County. The most notable of these records are those from the farm of John R. Thomas, M. Thomas, and J.F.L. Henkel, which were kept continuously beginning in 1879 and ending in 1892. The recorder also kept transactional records in this ledger for Berry Good from December 1879 to May 1882. There are records for other individuals in the ledger as well; Nelson Nash, James Chapman, Dudley Proffitt, Jerry Nash, William Beasley, and Robert Scot, however none of these records were kept for longer than a few months. Each item that was sold or purchased was noted in this ledger.","The ledger measures 6 1/2\" x 13\"."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a937dd149165b2a66e2c67ec78590097\"\u003eThe Rockingham County Ledger contains business related accounts pertaining to the sale and purchase of goods and livestock, general farm accounts, employee payments, and debts owed/paid by individuals within Rockingham County.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Rockingham County Ledger contains business related accounts pertaining to the sale and purchase of goods and livestock, general farm accounts, employee payments, and debts owed/paid by individuals within Rockingham County."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:36:09.969Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_548"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":18},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","value":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":17},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Attorney's ledger, 1884/1890","value":"Attorney's ledger, 1884/1890","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Attorney%27s+ledger%2C+1884%2F1890\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bushong Family ledger, 1843/1902","value":"Bushong Family ledger, 1843/1902","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Bushong+Family+ledger%2C+1843%2F1902\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Business Office Accounting Ledgers, 1884/1923","value":"Business Office Accounting Ledgers, 1884/1923","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Business+Office+Accounting+Ledgers%2C+1884%2F1923\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1890"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C. 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