{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1850","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1850\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ledgers+%28account+books%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1850\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":18,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Barclay Shipping Ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Barclay family (Virginia)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. 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The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons and other agents involved in Virginia trade. The ledger also contains personal prayers, poems and debts owed to members of the Barclay family, to include Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barclay family (Virginia)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.036"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"creator_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"creators_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Barclay Shipping Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slave trade","Slavery -- United States","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slave trade","Slavery -- United States","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Barclay family included Solomon T. 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Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia. ","There are a Solomon T. Barclay (1818-1874) and a Lewis B. Barclay (1855-1918) buried in Oak Grove Cemetery, Portsmouth, Virginia.","External sources:","\"Solomon Tatem Barclay\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/191510492/solomon-tatem-barclay , accessed June 8, 2023.","\"Lewis Boutwell Barclay Sr.\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38100253/lewis-boutwell-barclay , accessed June 8, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Barclay Shipping Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Barclay Shipping Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Barclay Shipping Ledger, 1847-1878, Ms2023-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Barclay Shipping Ledger, 1847-1878, Ms2023-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Barclay Shipping Ledger was completed in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Barclay Shipping Ledger was completed in June 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going throughout Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons and other agents involved in Virginia trade. The ledger also contains personal prayers, poems and debts owed to members of the Barclay family, to include Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going throughout Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons and other agents involved in Virginia trade. The ledger also contains personal prayers, poems and debts owed to members of the Barclay family, to include Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5900a5fb46fa18b8335225cf18904daa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barclay family (Virginia)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:16:47.557Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4081.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Barclay Shipping Ledger","title_ssm":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1847-1878"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847-1878"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.036"],"text":["Ms.2023.036","Barclay Shipping Ledger","Norfolk (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slave trade","Slavery -- United States","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Barclay family included Solomon T. 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The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons and other agents involved in Virginia trade. The ledger also contains personal prayers, poems and debts owed to members of the Barclay family, to include Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barclay family (Virginia)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.036"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Barclay Shipping Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"creator_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"creators_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Barclay Shipping Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slave trade","Slavery -- United States","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slave trade","Slavery -- United States","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Barclay family included Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are a Solomon T. Barclay (1818-1874) and a Lewis B. Barclay (1855-1918) buried in Oak Grove Cemetery, Portsmouth, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Solomon Tatem Barclay\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/191510492/solomon-tatem-barclay\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/191510492/solomon-tatem-barclay\u003c/a\u003e, accessed June 8, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Lewis Boutwell Barclay Sr.\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38100253/lewis-boutwell-barclay\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38100253/lewis-boutwell-barclay\u003c/a\u003e, accessed June 8, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note "],"bioghist_tesim":["The Barclay family included Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia. ","There are a Solomon T. Barclay (1818-1874) and a Lewis B. Barclay (1855-1918) buried in Oak Grove Cemetery, Portsmouth, Virginia.","External sources:","\"Solomon Tatem Barclay\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/191510492/solomon-tatem-barclay , accessed June 8, 2023.","\"Lewis Boutwell Barclay Sr.\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38100253/lewis-boutwell-barclay , accessed June 8, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Barclay Shipping Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Barclay Shipping Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Barclay Shipping Ledger, 1847-1878, Ms2023-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Barclay Shipping Ledger, 1847-1878, Ms2023-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Barclay Shipping Ledger was completed in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Barclay Shipping Ledger was completed in June 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going throughout Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons and other agents involved in Virginia trade. The ledger also contains personal prayers, poems and debts owed to members of the Barclay family, to include Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going throughout Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons and other agents involved in Virginia trade. The ledger also contains personal prayers, poems and debts owed to members of the Barclay family, to include Solomon T. Barclay and Lewis B. Barclay from Hampton Roads, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5900a5fb46fa18b8335225cf18904daa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Barclay Shipping Ledger from Norfolk, Virginia, covers shipments going through Virginia from 1847-1878. The ledger includes records of auctioneers of enslaved persons."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barclay family (Virginia)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Barclay family (Virginia)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:16:47.557Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4081"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Bushong Family ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bushong, Jacob","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. 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Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)—History","Farm life -- Virginia -- History","Ledgers (account books)","There are no restrictions.","Throughout the 19th century, members of the Bushong Family resided on a farm near New Market, Virginia. The Battle of New Market was fought on their land on May 15, 1864, and the house served briefly as a field hospital. This ledger was first used by Jacob Bushong and subsequently by his grandson, William. Some entries are by Emma Bushong.","This collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. The entries made by Jacob d(dated 1843-1853) include lists of accounts with debits and credits for staples, sundries, crops,          services, and other purchases.","The account book was subsequently used by Jacob's grandson, William, whose similar account entries date from 1879-1902. The volume also contains directions for home remedies and a few recipes, primarily for cakes, used by Emma Bushong.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0329","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bushong Family ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bushong Family ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Bushong Family ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"creator_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"creators_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"places_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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The Battle of New Market was fought on their land on May 15, 1864, and the house served briefly as a field hospital. This ledger was first used by Jacob Bushong and subsequently by his grandson, William. Some entries are by Emma Bushong.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Throughout the 19th century, members of the Bushong Family resided on a farm near New Market, Virginia. The Battle of New Market was fought on their land on May 15, 1864, and the house served briefly as a field hospital. This ledger was first used by Jacob Bushong and subsequently by his grandson, William. Some entries are by Emma Bushong."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBushong Family ledger, 1843-1902. MS 0329. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bushong Family ledger, 1843-1902. MS 0329. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. The entries made by Jacob d(dated 1843-1853) include lists of accounts with debits and credits for staples, sundries, crops,          services, and other purchases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe account book was subsequently used by Jacob's grandson, William, whose similar account entries date from 1879-1902. The volume also contains directions for home remedies and a few recipes, primarily for cakes, used by Emma Bushong.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_2fa7215c4e0fdcbaea4101acfddf6509\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:03.301Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_617.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00032.xml","title_ssm":["Bushong Family ledger"],"title_tesim":["Bushong Family ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1843-1902"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1843-1902"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0329","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"text":["MS.0329","/repositories/3/resources/617","Bushong Family ledger","New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)—History","Farm life -- Virginia -- History","Ledgers (account books)","There are no restrictions.","Throughout the 19th century, members of the Bushong Family resided on a farm near New Market, Virginia. The Battle of New Market was fought on their land on May 15, 1864, and the house served briefly as a field hospital. This ledger was first used by Jacob Bushong and subsequently by his grandson, William. Some entries are by Emma Bushong.","This collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. The entries made by Jacob d(dated 1843-1853) include lists of accounts with debits and credits for staples, sundries, crops,          services, and other purchases.","The account book was subsequently used by Jacob's grandson, William, whose similar account entries date from 1879-1902. The volume also contains directions for home remedies and a few recipes, primarily for cakes, used by Emma Bushong.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0329","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bushong Family ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bushong Family ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Bushong Family ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"creator_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"creators_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"places_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","New Market Battlefield Historical Park (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)—History","Farm life -- Virginia -- History","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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The Battle of New Market was fought on their land on May 15, 1864, and the house served briefly as a field hospital. This ledger was first used by Jacob Bushong and subsequently by his grandson, William. Some entries are by Emma Bushong.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Throughout the 19th century, members of the Bushong Family resided on a farm near New Market, Virginia. The Battle of New Market was fought on their land on May 15, 1864, and the house served briefly as a field hospital. This ledger was first used by Jacob Bushong and subsequently by his grandson, William. Some entries are by Emma Bushong."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBushong Family ledger, 1843-1902. MS 0329. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bushong Family ledger, 1843-1902. MS 0329. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. The entries made by Jacob d(dated 1843-1853) include lists of accounts with debits and credits for staples, sundries, crops,          services, and other purchases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe account book was subsequently used by Jacob's grandson, William, whose similar account entries date from 1879-1902. The volume also contains directions for home remedies and a few recipes, primarily for cakes, used by Emma Bushong.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the Bushong Family ledger (daybook) that contains entries by Shenandoah Valley (Virginia) farmers Jacob and William Bushong. The entries made by Jacob d(dated 1843-1853) include lists of accounts with debits and credits for staples, sundries, crops,          services, and other purchases.","The account book was subsequently used by Jacob's grandson, William, whose similar account entries date from 1879-1902. The volume also contains directions for home remedies and a few recipes, primarily for cakes, used by Emma Bushong."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_2fa7215c4e0fdcbaea4101acfddf6509\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Bushong, Jacob","Bushong, Emma"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:03.301Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_617"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_410#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_410#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_410#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_410.xml","title_ssm":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0241"],"text":["SC 0241","Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Rural families","Social history -- 19th century","Social history -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 is arranged by letter recipient and further arranged chronologically. Series 2 is arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically.","Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940 Ephemera, 1911-1967 Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945 Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977","Obituary for Charles L. Davis,  Daily News-Record , July 6, 1960.","Obituary for Edith Long Davis,  Daily News-Record , April 12, 1965.","Obituary for Earl A. Kline,  Daily News-Record , September 22, 1967.","Obituary for Letha Davis Kline,  Daily News-Record , March 5, 1986.","Obituary for Mary Kline Hutton,  Daily News-Record , May 18, 2017.","Program for the Forty-sixth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1955.","Charles L. Davis (1874-1960) was born to John Conrad Davis and Mahulda Simmons Davis of Lewis County, West Virginia. Davis moved to Broadway, Virginia in 1892 and to Singers Glen, Virginia in 1896 where he lived the remainder of his life. While in West Virginia, Davis was a school teacher. He pursued the carpentry trade after moving to Virginia. Additionally, Davis served his community as a clerk, judge, and county committeeman for Singers Glen. He was a member of the Evangelical United Brethren (EUB) Church in Singers Glen. Davis married Edith Belle Long (1876-1965) of Singers Glen and together they had three children – Letha (1899-1986), Charles Russell (1906-1976), and Price Albert (1907-1979). Edith was born to Conrad Long and Phoebe Catherine Burgendine Long. Like her husband, Edith was a member of the local EUB congregation.","Their daughter Letha, a lifelong member of the Singers Glen EUB church and a member of the Disabled American Veterans auxiliary, went on to marry Earl Alpheus Kline (1896-1967). Kline was born to Benjamin B. Kline and Ella Mae Wilkins Kline. He was employed as one of the first electrical contractors in Rockingham County and later worked at REA and Madison College. The Klines had three children – Earl Jr., Eleanor Aletha (1922-2016), and Mary Davis (1934-2017).","On June 22, 1957, Mary Davis Kline married Ralph Bartlett \"Penny\" Hutton (1923-1993). The couple had one child, born Ralph Bartlett Hutton II (November 12, 1958-November 13, 1958), who died in infancy. Mary graduated from Broadway High School and from Madison College in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in home economics education. She taught at Elkton High School for 10 years before working as a home economist for VEPCO (now Virginia Power) and went on to serve as the first school food service supervisor for Harrisonburg City Schools. She retired in 1991 after 17 years with the Virginia Department of Education. She was a member of the American Home Economics Association and the American School Food Service Association. Mary was a prolific scrapbooker and chronicled much of her adult life in this way.","This collection was originally housed in a photo album with most documents placed in Mylar sleeves. The materials were without a clear arrangement scheme. The archivist removed the documents from the album and imposed an artificial arrangement based on person or group of persons. However, it is unclear how some of the family names represented in this collection relate to the Davises, Klines, or Huttons. Box 3 which contains seven ledgers and notebooks is inaccessible due to ongoing preservation treatment. The ledgers within exhibit evidence of mold and are being treated accordingly.","The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons. Correspondence between Charles and Edith Long Davis and letters from their daughter Letha to Earl Kline comprise the bulk of the collection. Scrapbooks created by Mary Kline Hutton also make up a significant portion of the collection.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940, is comprised of approximately 180 handwritten letters, most with corresponding envelopes, between Charles Davis and Edith Long Davis, and letters from their daughter Letha Davis Kline to her future husband Earl Kline. The bulk of these letters were written between the two couples during their respective courtships, though some letters between the Davises post-date their marriage when Charles was staying in Harrisonburg and likely working in some capacity at the new Masonic Temple. The subject matter of the letters is generally romantic in nature. Both couples talk about missing each other and anticipating the next time they will see each other. The letters provide regular updates on family and community news, reports on the frequency of church and prayer meeting attendance, and are generally newsy and gossipy in their overall tone. The Charles Davis correspondence includes a few letters from his friends, both male and female, in West Virginia written prior to his relationship with Edith. The lighthearted nature of these letters is exemplified in a December 9, 1894 letter from his friend Albert in which he asks Charles, \"Are the girls as good looking over there [in Broadway] as they are in old Pend[leton County]?\"","Occasionally, the letters touch on relevant political and social topics of the time. In a November 3, 1896 letter from Charles Davis to Edith, he comments on his election fatigue in light of the recent presidential election: \"Well the election is over and I have a McKinley headache already.\" In Letha Davis Kline's February 11, 1917 letter to Earl Kline, she describes her internal struggle with the morality of dancing: \"Dancing isn't a sin is it? Sometimes I think it is and then again I think different for if you wished to you could make a sin out of everything.\"","Series 2: Ephemera, 1911-1967, contains two programs from Broadway High School – one including a cast of characters and synopsis of \"The Deacon\" and one outlining the May 10, 1911 commencement exercises. Miscellaneous religious tracts and clippings are also included. Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards to organizations include The American Legion, Elkton Volunteer Fire Company, National Federation of Post Office Clerks, and the Confederate States Army (reorganized in August 1962).","Series 3: Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945, contains seven ledgers and notebooks related to Charles Davis, a plat, legal documents, indentures, stock certificates, and financial documents. The ledgers and notebooks are only minimally described as they undergo preservation treatment. They include a notebook, 1892-1893; a memorandum and account book, 1888-1889; an account book, 1895-1923; an account book, 1897; a time book, 1904-1912; a fertilizer notebook, 1907; and a daybook, 1912-1925.","The remainder of the series is comprised of miscellaneous papers with some directly relating to the Davis and Kline families and some documents seemingly unrelated, but still concerning other local persons. Other family names include Billhimer, Harrison, Ewin, Long, Lanahan, Waterman, Hall, Burtner, and Gambill. Items include five indentures, Charles Davis' 1891 teaching certificate for Pendleton County, West Virginia, a June 26, 1897 plat proposing a public road from Port Republic Road to Rockingham Turnpike (Rt. 33), six stock certificates issued to H. L. Burtner for Valley Supply Company, Inc. in Harrisonburg, and the will of D. A. Eppard of Elkton.","Series 4: Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977, is comprised of five folders of photographs and eight scrapbooks compiled by Mary Kline Hutton. With a few exceptions, the photographs are primarily unidentified and undated. The 1943-1956 photo album includes images of Mary Hutton's graduation from Madison College in 1955. She is pictured in front of Wilson Hall in her cap and gown.","The scrapbooks are compiled in both three-ring and spiral-bound photo albums with adhesive pages and traditional scrapbooks with paper pages. The scrapbooks are generally ephemeral in nature, containing photographs, wedding napkins, postcards, greetings cards for various occasions, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and programs documenting holidays, vacations, and local events. Material related to the town of Elkton and the Elkton Volunteer Fire Company are included in many of the scrapbooks, as are newspaper clippings spotlighting the Huttons and their friends and family. The 1957-1958 scrapbook documents the Huttons' wedding and honeymoon. The subsequent scrapbook includes sympathy cards and letters sent to the Huttons after the death of their newborn child. During the summer of 1976, the couple visited Las Vegas and the Hoover Dam. Postcards, a plane ticket, keno slips, and brochures document the trip. Also documented are the Huttons' 1959 trip to New York City, their 1968 vacation to the Alamo, and their 1977 vacation to Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0241"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creators_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"places_ssim":["Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were purchased by Special Collections at the April 8, 2017 estate sale of Mary Hutton. The sale took place in Elkton, Virginia and was auctioneered by Charley Whetzel. A small lot of Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards were acquired in the spring of 2019 from Rolling Hills Antique Mall. The cards originated from the same auction."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Rural families","Social history -- 19th century","Social history -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Rural families","Social history -- 19th century","Social history -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 is arranged by letter recipient and further arranged chronologically. Series 2 is arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1891-1919, 1940\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1911-1967\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLedgers and Papers, 1816-1945\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 is arranged by letter recipient and further arranged chronologically. Series 2 is arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically.","Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940 Ephemera, 1911-1967 Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945 Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Charles L. Davis, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, July 6, 1960.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Edith Long Davis, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, April 12, 1965.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Earl A. Kline, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, September 22, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Letha Davis Kline, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, March 5, 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Mary Kline Hutton, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, May 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Forty-sixth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1955.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary for Charles L. Davis,  Daily News-Record , July 6, 1960.","Obituary for Edith Long Davis,  Daily News-Record , April 12, 1965.","Obituary for Earl A. Kline,  Daily News-Record , September 22, 1967.","Obituary for Letha Davis Kline,  Daily News-Record , March 5, 1986.","Obituary for Mary Kline Hutton,  Daily News-Record , May 18, 2017.","Program for the Forty-sixth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1955."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles L. Davis (1874-1960) was born to John Conrad Davis and Mahulda Simmons Davis of Lewis County, West Virginia. Davis moved to Broadway, Virginia in 1892 and to Singers Glen, Virginia in 1896 where he lived the remainder of his life. While in West Virginia, Davis was a school teacher. He pursued the carpentry trade after moving to Virginia. Additionally, Davis served his community as a clerk, judge, and county committeeman for Singers Glen. He was a member of the Evangelical United Brethren (EUB) Church in Singers Glen. Davis married Edith Belle Long (1876-1965) of Singers Glen and together they had three children – Letha (1899-1986), Charles Russell (1906-1976), and Price Albert (1907-1979). Edith was born to Conrad Long and Phoebe Catherine Burgendine Long. Like her husband, Edith was a member of the local EUB congregation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTheir daughter Letha, a lifelong member of the Singers Glen EUB church and a member of the Disabled American Veterans auxiliary, went on to marry Earl Alpheus Kline (1896-1967). Kline was born to Benjamin B. Kline and Ella Mae Wilkins Kline. He was employed as one of the first electrical contractors in Rockingham County and later worked at REA and Madison College. The Klines had three children – Earl Jr., Eleanor Aletha (1922-2016), and Mary Davis (1934-2017).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn June 22, 1957, Mary Davis Kline married Ralph Bartlett \"Penny\" Hutton (1923-1993). The couple had one child, born Ralph Bartlett Hutton II (November 12, 1958-November 13, 1958), who died in infancy. Mary graduated from Broadway High School and from Madison College in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in home economics education. She taught at Elkton High School for 10 years before working as a home economist for VEPCO (now Virginia Power) and went on to serve as the first school food service supervisor for Harrisonburg City Schools. She retired in 1991 after 17 years with the Virginia Department of Education. She was a member of the American Home Economics Association and the American School Food Service Association. Mary was a prolific scrapbooker and chronicled much of her adult life in this way.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles L. Davis (1874-1960) was born to John Conrad Davis and Mahulda Simmons Davis of Lewis County, West Virginia. Davis moved to Broadway, Virginia in 1892 and to Singers Glen, Virginia in 1896 where he lived the remainder of his life. While in West Virginia, Davis was a school teacher. He pursued the carpentry trade after moving to Virginia. Additionally, Davis served his community as a clerk, judge, and county committeeman for Singers Glen. He was a member of the Evangelical United Brethren (EUB) Church in Singers Glen. Davis married Edith Belle Long (1876-1965) of Singers Glen and together they had three children – Letha (1899-1986), Charles Russell (1906-1976), and Price Albert (1907-1979). Edith was born to Conrad Long and Phoebe Catherine Burgendine Long. Like her husband, Edith was a member of the local EUB congregation.","Their daughter Letha, a lifelong member of the Singers Glen EUB church and a member of the Disabled American Veterans auxiliary, went on to marry Earl Alpheus Kline (1896-1967). Kline was born to Benjamin B. Kline and Ella Mae Wilkins Kline. He was employed as one of the first electrical contractors in Rockingham County and later worked at REA and Madison College. The Klines had three children – Earl Jr., Eleanor Aletha (1922-2016), and Mary Davis (1934-2017).","On June 22, 1957, Mary Davis Kline married Ralph Bartlett \"Penny\" Hutton (1923-1993). The couple had one child, born Ralph Bartlett Hutton II (November 12, 1958-November 13, 1958), who died in infancy. Mary graduated from Broadway High School and from Madison College in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in home economics education. She taught at Elkton High School for 10 years before working as a home economist for VEPCO (now Virginia Power) and went on to serve as the first school food service supervisor for Harrisonburg City Schools. She retired in 1991 after 17 years with the Virginia Department of Education. She was a member of the American Home Economics Association and the American School Food Service Association. Mary was a prolific scrapbooker and chronicled much of her adult life in this way."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, SC 0241, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, SC 0241, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally housed in a photo album with most documents placed in Mylar sleeves. The materials were without a clear arrangement scheme. The archivist removed the documents from the album and imposed an artificial arrangement based on person or group of persons. However, it is unclear how some of the family names represented in this collection relate to the Davises, Klines, or Huttons. Box 3 which contains seven ledgers and notebooks is inaccessible due to ongoing preservation treatment. The ledgers within exhibit evidence of mold and are being treated accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally housed in a photo album with most documents placed in Mylar sleeves. The materials were without a clear arrangement scheme. The archivist removed the documents from the album and imposed an artificial arrangement based on person or group of persons. However, it is unclear how some of the family names represented in this collection relate to the Davises, Klines, or Huttons. Box 3 which contains seven ledgers and notebooks is inaccessible due to ongoing preservation treatment. The ledgers within exhibit evidence of mold and are being treated accordingly."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons. Correspondence between Charles and Edith Long Davis and letters from their daughter Letha to Earl Kline comprise the bulk of the collection. Scrapbooks created by Mary Kline Hutton also make up a significant portion of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940, is comprised of approximately 180 handwritten letters, most with corresponding envelopes, between Charles Davis and Edith Long Davis, and letters from their daughter Letha Davis Kline to her future husband Earl Kline. The bulk of these letters were written between the two couples during their respective courtships, though some letters between the Davises post-date their marriage when Charles was staying in Harrisonburg and likely working in some capacity at the new Masonic Temple. The subject matter of the letters is generally romantic in nature. Both couples talk about missing each other and anticipating the next time they will see each other. The letters provide regular updates on family and community news, reports on the frequency of church and prayer meeting attendance, and are generally newsy and gossipy in their overall tone. The Charles Davis correspondence includes a few letters from his friends, both male and female, in West Virginia written prior to his relationship with Edith. The lighthearted nature of these letters is exemplified in a December 9, 1894 letter from his friend Albert in which he asks Charles, \"Are the girls as good looking over there [in Broadway] as they are in old Pend[leton County]?\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOccasionally, the letters touch on relevant political and social topics of the time. In a November 3, 1896 letter from Charles Davis to Edith, he comments on his election fatigue in light of the recent presidential election: \"Well the election is over and I have a McKinley headache already.\" In Letha Davis Kline's February 11, 1917 letter to Earl Kline, she describes her internal struggle with the morality of dancing: \"Dancing isn't a sin is it? Sometimes I think it is and then again I think different for if you wished to you could make a sin out of everything.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Ephemera, 1911-1967, contains two programs from Broadway High School – one including a cast of characters and synopsis of \"The Deacon\" and one outlining the May 10, 1911 commencement exercises. Miscellaneous religious tracts and clippings are also included. Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards to organizations include The American Legion, Elkton Volunteer Fire Company, National Federation of Post Office Clerks, and the Confederate States Army (reorganized in August 1962).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945, contains seven ledgers and notebooks related to Charles Davis, a plat, legal documents, indentures, stock certificates, and financial documents. The ledgers and notebooks are only minimally described as they undergo preservation treatment. They include a notebook, 1892-1893; a memorandum and account book, 1888-1889; an account book, 1895-1923; an account book, 1897; a time book, 1904-1912; a fertilizer notebook, 1907; and a daybook, 1912-1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe remainder of the series is comprised of miscellaneous papers with some directly relating to the Davis and Kline families and some documents seemingly unrelated, but still concerning other local persons. Other family names include Billhimer, Harrison, Ewin, Long, Lanahan, Waterman, Hall, Burtner, and Gambill. Items include five indentures, Charles Davis' 1891 teaching certificate for Pendleton County, West Virginia, a June 26, 1897 plat proposing a public road from Port Republic Road to Rockingham Turnpike (Rt. 33), six stock certificates issued to H. L. Burtner for Valley Supply Company, Inc. in Harrisonburg, and the will of D. A. Eppard of Elkton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977, is comprised of five folders of photographs and eight scrapbooks compiled by Mary Kline Hutton. With a few exceptions, the photographs are primarily unidentified and undated. The 1943-1956 photo album includes images of Mary Hutton's graduation from Madison College in 1955. She is pictured in front of Wilson Hall in her cap and gown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbooks are compiled in both three-ring and spiral-bound photo albums with adhesive pages and traditional scrapbooks with paper pages. The scrapbooks are generally ephemeral in nature, containing photographs, wedding napkins, postcards, greetings cards for various occasions, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and programs documenting holidays, vacations, and local events. Material related to the town of Elkton and the Elkton Volunteer Fire Company are included in many of the scrapbooks, as are newspaper clippings spotlighting the Huttons and their friends and family. The 1957-1958 scrapbook documents the Huttons' wedding and honeymoon. The subsequent scrapbook includes sympathy cards and letters sent to the Huttons after the death of their newborn child. During the summer of 1976, the couple visited Las Vegas and the Hoover Dam. Postcards, a plane ticket, keno slips, and brochures document the trip. Also documented are the Huttons' 1959 trip to New York City, their 1968 vacation to the Alamo, and their 1977 vacation to Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons. Correspondence between Charles and Edith Long Davis and letters from their daughter Letha to Earl Kline comprise the bulk of the collection. Scrapbooks created by Mary Kline Hutton also make up a significant portion of the collection.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940, is comprised of approximately 180 handwritten letters, most with corresponding envelopes, between Charles Davis and Edith Long Davis, and letters from their daughter Letha Davis Kline to her future husband Earl Kline. The bulk of these letters were written between the two couples during their respective courtships, though some letters between the Davises post-date their marriage when Charles was staying in Harrisonburg and likely working in some capacity at the new Masonic Temple. The subject matter of the letters is generally romantic in nature. Both couples talk about missing each other and anticipating the next time they will see each other. The letters provide regular updates on family and community news, reports on the frequency of church and prayer meeting attendance, and are generally newsy and gossipy in their overall tone. The Charles Davis correspondence includes a few letters from his friends, both male and female, in West Virginia written prior to his relationship with Edith. The lighthearted nature of these letters is exemplified in a December 9, 1894 letter from his friend Albert in which he asks Charles, \"Are the girls as good looking over there [in Broadway] as they are in old Pend[leton County]?\"","Occasionally, the letters touch on relevant political and social topics of the time. In a November 3, 1896 letter from Charles Davis to Edith, he comments on his election fatigue in light of the recent presidential election: \"Well the election is over and I have a McKinley headache already.\" In Letha Davis Kline's February 11, 1917 letter to Earl Kline, she describes her internal struggle with the morality of dancing: \"Dancing isn't a sin is it? Sometimes I think it is and then again I think different for if you wished to you could make a sin out of everything.\"","Series 2: Ephemera, 1911-1967, contains two programs from Broadway High School – one including a cast of characters and synopsis of \"The Deacon\" and one outlining the May 10, 1911 commencement exercises. Miscellaneous religious tracts and clippings are also included. Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards to organizations include The American Legion, Elkton Volunteer Fire Company, National Federation of Post Office Clerks, and the Confederate States Army (reorganized in August 1962).","Series 3: Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945, contains seven ledgers and notebooks related to Charles Davis, a plat, legal documents, indentures, stock certificates, and financial documents. The ledgers and notebooks are only minimally described as they undergo preservation treatment. They include a notebook, 1892-1893; a memorandum and account book, 1888-1889; an account book, 1895-1923; an account book, 1897; a time book, 1904-1912; a fertilizer notebook, 1907; and a daybook, 1912-1925.","The remainder of the series is comprised of miscellaneous papers with some directly relating to the Davis and Kline families and some documents seemingly unrelated, but still concerning other local persons. Other family names include Billhimer, Harrison, Ewin, Long, Lanahan, Waterman, Hall, Burtner, and Gambill. Items include five indentures, Charles Davis' 1891 teaching certificate for Pendleton County, West Virginia, a June 26, 1897 plat proposing a public road from Port Republic Road to Rockingham Turnpike (Rt. 33), six stock certificates issued to H. L. Burtner for Valley Supply Company, Inc. in Harrisonburg, and the will of D. A. Eppard of Elkton.","Series 4: Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977, is comprised of five folders of photographs and eight scrapbooks compiled by Mary Kline Hutton. With a few exceptions, the photographs are primarily unidentified and undated. The 1943-1956 photo album includes images of Mary Hutton's graduation from Madison College in 1955. She is pictured in front of Wilson Hall in her cap and gown.","The scrapbooks are compiled in both three-ring and spiral-bound photo albums with adhesive pages and traditional scrapbooks with paper pages. The scrapbooks are generally ephemeral in nature, containing photographs, wedding napkins, postcards, greetings cards for various occasions, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and programs documenting holidays, vacations, and local events. Material related to the town of Elkton and the Elkton Volunteer Fire Company are included in many of the scrapbooks, as are newspaper clippings spotlighting the Huttons and their friends and family. The 1957-1958 scrapbook documents the Huttons' wedding and honeymoon. The subsequent scrapbook includes sympathy cards and letters sent to the Huttons after the death of their newborn child. During the summer of 1976, the couple visited Las Vegas and the Hoover Dam. Postcards, a plane ticket, keno slips, and brochures document the trip. Also documented are the Huttons' 1959 trip to New York City, their 1968 vacation to the Alamo, and their 1977 vacation to Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_aed0f3a6145b2e329ac85678817bf83e\"\u003eThe Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"persname_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:16.308Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_410","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_410.xml","title_ssm":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0241"],"text":["SC 0241","Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Rural families","Social history -- 19th century","Social history -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 is arranged by letter recipient and further arranged chronologically. Series 2 is arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically.","Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940 Ephemera, 1911-1967 Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945 Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977","Obituary for Charles L. Davis,  Daily News-Record , July 6, 1960.","Obituary for Edith Long Davis,  Daily News-Record , April 12, 1965.","Obituary for Earl A. Kline,  Daily News-Record , September 22, 1967.","Obituary for Letha Davis Kline,  Daily News-Record , March 5, 1986.","Obituary for Mary Kline Hutton,  Daily News-Record , May 18, 2017.","Program for the Forty-sixth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1955.","Charles L. Davis (1874-1960) was born to John Conrad Davis and Mahulda Simmons Davis of Lewis County, West Virginia. Davis moved to Broadway, Virginia in 1892 and to Singers Glen, Virginia in 1896 where he lived the remainder of his life. While in West Virginia, Davis was a school teacher. He pursued the carpentry trade after moving to Virginia. Additionally, Davis served his community as a clerk, judge, and county committeeman for Singers Glen. He was a member of the Evangelical United Brethren (EUB) Church in Singers Glen. Davis married Edith Belle Long (1876-1965) of Singers Glen and together they had three children – Letha (1899-1986), Charles Russell (1906-1976), and Price Albert (1907-1979). Edith was born to Conrad Long and Phoebe Catherine Burgendine Long. Like her husband, Edith was a member of the local EUB congregation.","Their daughter Letha, a lifelong member of the Singers Glen EUB church and a member of the Disabled American Veterans auxiliary, went on to marry Earl Alpheus Kline (1896-1967). Kline was born to Benjamin B. Kline and Ella Mae Wilkins Kline. He was employed as one of the first electrical contractors in Rockingham County and later worked at REA and Madison College. The Klines had three children – Earl Jr., Eleanor Aletha (1922-2016), and Mary Davis (1934-2017).","On June 22, 1957, Mary Davis Kline married Ralph Bartlett \"Penny\" Hutton (1923-1993). The couple had one child, born Ralph Bartlett Hutton II (November 12, 1958-November 13, 1958), who died in infancy. Mary graduated from Broadway High School and from Madison College in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in home economics education. She taught at Elkton High School for 10 years before working as a home economist for VEPCO (now Virginia Power) and went on to serve as the first school food service supervisor for Harrisonburg City Schools. She retired in 1991 after 17 years with the Virginia Department of Education. She was a member of the American Home Economics Association and the American School Food Service Association. Mary was a prolific scrapbooker and chronicled much of her adult life in this way.","This collection was originally housed in a photo album with most documents placed in Mylar sleeves. The materials were without a clear arrangement scheme. The archivist removed the documents from the album and imposed an artificial arrangement based on person or group of persons. However, it is unclear how some of the family names represented in this collection relate to the Davises, Klines, or Huttons. Box 3 which contains seven ledgers and notebooks is inaccessible due to ongoing preservation treatment. The ledgers within exhibit evidence of mold and are being treated accordingly.","The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons. Correspondence between Charles and Edith Long Davis and letters from their daughter Letha to Earl Kline comprise the bulk of the collection. Scrapbooks created by Mary Kline Hutton also make up a significant portion of the collection.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940, is comprised of approximately 180 handwritten letters, most with corresponding envelopes, between Charles Davis and Edith Long Davis, and letters from their daughter Letha Davis Kline to her future husband Earl Kline. The bulk of these letters were written between the two couples during their respective courtships, though some letters between the Davises post-date their marriage when Charles was staying in Harrisonburg and likely working in some capacity at the new Masonic Temple. The subject matter of the letters is generally romantic in nature. Both couples talk about missing each other and anticipating the next time they will see each other. The letters provide regular updates on family and community news, reports on the frequency of church and prayer meeting attendance, and are generally newsy and gossipy in their overall tone. The Charles Davis correspondence includes a few letters from his friends, both male and female, in West Virginia written prior to his relationship with Edith. The lighthearted nature of these letters is exemplified in a December 9, 1894 letter from his friend Albert in which he asks Charles, \"Are the girls as good looking over there [in Broadway] as they are in old Pend[leton County]?\"","Occasionally, the letters touch on relevant political and social topics of the time. In a November 3, 1896 letter from Charles Davis to Edith, he comments on his election fatigue in light of the recent presidential election: \"Well the election is over and I have a McKinley headache already.\" In Letha Davis Kline's February 11, 1917 letter to Earl Kline, she describes her internal struggle with the morality of dancing: \"Dancing isn't a sin is it? Sometimes I think it is and then again I think different for if you wished to you could make a sin out of everything.\"","Series 2: Ephemera, 1911-1967, contains two programs from Broadway High School – one including a cast of characters and synopsis of \"The Deacon\" and one outlining the May 10, 1911 commencement exercises. Miscellaneous religious tracts and clippings are also included. Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards to organizations include The American Legion, Elkton Volunteer Fire Company, National Federation of Post Office Clerks, and the Confederate States Army (reorganized in August 1962).","Series 3: Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945, contains seven ledgers and notebooks related to Charles Davis, a plat, legal documents, indentures, stock certificates, and financial documents. The ledgers and notebooks are only minimally described as they undergo preservation treatment. They include a notebook, 1892-1893; a memorandum and account book, 1888-1889; an account book, 1895-1923; an account book, 1897; a time book, 1904-1912; a fertilizer notebook, 1907; and a daybook, 1912-1925.","The remainder of the series is comprised of miscellaneous papers with some directly relating to the Davis and Kline families and some documents seemingly unrelated, but still concerning other local persons. Other family names include Billhimer, Harrison, Ewin, Long, Lanahan, Waterman, Hall, Burtner, and Gambill. Items include five indentures, Charles Davis' 1891 teaching certificate for Pendleton County, West Virginia, a June 26, 1897 plat proposing a public road from Port Republic Road to Rockingham Turnpike (Rt. 33), six stock certificates issued to H. L. Burtner for Valley Supply Company, Inc. in Harrisonburg, and the will of D. A. Eppard of Elkton.","Series 4: Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977, is comprised of five folders of photographs and eight scrapbooks compiled by Mary Kline Hutton. With a few exceptions, the photographs are primarily unidentified and undated. The 1943-1956 photo album includes images of Mary Hutton's graduation from Madison College in 1955. She is pictured in front of Wilson Hall in her cap and gown.","The scrapbooks are compiled in both three-ring and spiral-bound photo albums with adhesive pages and traditional scrapbooks with paper pages. The scrapbooks are generally ephemeral in nature, containing photographs, wedding napkins, postcards, greetings cards for various occasions, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and programs documenting holidays, vacations, and local events. Material related to the town of Elkton and the Elkton Volunteer Fire Company are included in many of the scrapbooks, as are newspaper clippings spotlighting the Huttons and their friends and family. The 1957-1958 scrapbook documents the Huttons' wedding and honeymoon. The subsequent scrapbook includes sympathy cards and letters sent to the Huttons after the death of their newborn child. During the summer of 1976, the couple visited Las Vegas and the Hoover Dam. Postcards, a plane ticket, keno slips, and brochures document the trip. Also documented are the Huttons' 1959 trip to New York City, their 1968 vacation to the Alamo, and their 1977 vacation to Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0241"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creators_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"places_ssim":["Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Singers Glen (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were purchased by Special Collections at the April 8, 2017 estate sale of Mary Hutton. The sale took place in Elkton, Virginia and was auctioneered by Charley Whetzel. A small lot of Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards were acquired in the spring of 2019 from Rolling Hills Antique Mall. The cards originated from the same auction."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Rural families","Social history -- 19th century","Social history -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Rural families","Social history -- 19th century","Social history -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Printed Ephemera","Notebooks","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","Indentures","Certificates","Plats (maps)","Stock certificates","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Love letters","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 is arranged by letter recipient and further arranged chronologically. Series 2 is arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1891-1919, 1940\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1911-1967\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLedgers and Papers, 1816-1945\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 is arranged by letter recipient and further arranged chronologically. Series 2 is arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged by form and further arranged chronologically.","Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940 Ephemera, 1911-1967 Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945 Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Charles L. Davis, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, July 6, 1960.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Edith Long Davis, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, April 12, 1965.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Earl A. Kline, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, September 22, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Letha Davis Kline, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, March 5, 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Mary Kline Hutton, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, May 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Forty-sixth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1955.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary for Charles L. Davis,  Daily News-Record , July 6, 1960.","Obituary for Edith Long Davis,  Daily News-Record , April 12, 1965.","Obituary for Earl A. Kline,  Daily News-Record , September 22, 1967.","Obituary for Letha Davis Kline,  Daily News-Record , March 5, 1986.","Obituary for Mary Kline Hutton,  Daily News-Record , May 18, 2017.","Program for the Forty-sixth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1955."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles L. Davis (1874-1960) was born to John Conrad Davis and Mahulda Simmons Davis of Lewis County, West Virginia. Davis moved to Broadway, Virginia in 1892 and to Singers Glen, Virginia in 1896 where he lived the remainder of his life. While in West Virginia, Davis was a school teacher. He pursued the carpentry trade after moving to Virginia. Additionally, Davis served his community as a clerk, judge, and county committeeman for Singers Glen. He was a member of the Evangelical United Brethren (EUB) Church in Singers Glen. Davis married Edith Belle Long (1876-1965) of Singers Glen and together they had three children – Letha (1899-1986), Charles Russell (1906-1976), and Price Albert (1907-1979). Edith was born to Conrad Long and Phoebe Catherine Burgendine Long. Like her husband, Edith was a member of the local EUB congregation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTheir daughter Letha, a lifelong member of the Singers Glen EUB church and a member of the Disabled American Veterans auxiliary, went on to marry Earl Alpheus Kline (1896-1967). Kline was born to Benjamin B. Kline and Ella Mae Wilkins Kline. He was employed as one of the first electrical contractors in Rockingham County and later worked at REA and Madison College. The Klines had three children – Earl Jr., Eleanor Aletha (1922-2016), and Mary Davis (1934-2017).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn June 22, 1957, Mary Davis Kline married Ralph Bartlett \"Penny\" Hutton (1923-1993). The couple had one child, born Ralph Bartlett Hutton II (November 12, 1958-November 13, 1958), who died in infancy. Mary graduated from Broadway High School and from Madison College in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in home economics education. She taught at Elkton High School for 10 years before working as a home economist for VEPCO (now Virginia Power) and went on to serve as the first school food service supervisor for Harrisonburg City Schools. She retired in 1991 after 17 years with the Virginia Department of Education. She was a member of the American Home Economics Association and the American School Food Service Association. Mary was a prolific scrapbooker and chronicled much of her adult life in this way.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles L. Davis (1874-1960) was born to John Conrad Davis and Mahulda Simmons Davis of Lewis County, West Virginia. Davis moved to Broadway, Virginia in 1892 and to Singers Glen, Virginia in 1896 where he lived the remainder of his life. While in West Virginia, Davis was a school teacher. He pursued the carpentry trade after moving to Virginia. Additionally, Davis served his community as a clerk, judge, and county committeeman for Singers Glen. He was a member of the Evangelical United Brethren (EUB) Church in Singers Glen. Davis married Edith Belle Long (1876-1965) of Singers Glen and together they had three children – Letha (1899-1986), Charles Russell (1906-1976), and Price Albert (1907-1979). Edith was born to Conrad Long and Phoebe Catherine Burgendine Long. Like her husband, Edith was a member of the local EUB congregation.","Their daughter Letha, a lifelong member of the Singers Glen EUB church and a member of the Disabled American Veterans auxiliary, went on to marry Earl Alpheus Kline (1896-1967). Kline was born to Benjamin B. Kline and Ella Mae Wilkins Kline. He was employed as one of the first electrical contractors in Rockingham County and later worked at REA and Madison College. The Klines had three children – Earl Jr., Eleanor Aletha (1922-2016), and Mary Davis (1934-2017).","On June 22, 1957, Mary Davis Kline married Ralph Bartlett \"Penny\" Hutton (1923-1993). The couple had one child, born Ralph Bartlett Hutton II (November 12, 1958-November 13, 1958), who died in infancy. Mary graduated from Broadway High School and from Madison College in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in home economics education. She taught at Elkton High School for 10 years before working as a home economist for VEPCO (now Virginia Power) and went on to serve as the first school food service supervisor for Harrisonburg City Schools. She retired in 1991 after 17 years with the Virginia Department of Education. She was a member of the American Home Economics Association and the American School Food Service Association. Mary was a prolific scrapbooker and chronicled much of her adult life in this way."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, SC 0241, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, SC 0241, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally housed in a photo album with most documents placed in Mylar sleeves. The materials were without a clear arrangement scheme. The archivist removed the documents from the album and imposed an artificial arrangement based on person or group of persons. However, it is unclear how some of the family names represented in this collection relate to the Davises, Klines, or Huttons. Box 3 which contains seven ledgers and notebooks is inaccessible due to ongoing preservation treatment. The ledgers within exhibit evidence of mold and are being treated accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally housed in a photo album with most documents placed in Mylar sleeves. The materials were without a clear arrangement scheme. The archivist removed the documents from the album and imposed an artificial arrangement based on person or group of persons. However, it is unclear how some of the family names represented in this collection relate to the Davises, Klines, or Huttons. Box 3 which contains seven ledgers and notebooks is inaccessible due to ongoing preservation treatment. The ledgers within exhibit evidence of mold and are being treated accordingly."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons. Correspondence between Charles and Edith Long Davis and letters from their daughter Letha to Earl Kline comprise the bulk of the collection. Scrapbooks created by Mary Kline Hutton also make up a significant portion of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940, is comprised of approximately 180 handwritten letters, most with corresponding envelopes, between Charles Davis and Edith Long Davis, and letters from their daughter Letha Davis Kline to her future husband Earl Kline. The bulk of these letters were written between the two couples during their respective courtships, though some letters between the Davises post-date their marriage when Charles was staying in Harrisonburg and likely working in some capacity at the new Masonic Temple. The subject matter of the letters is generally romantic in nature. Both couples talk about missing each other and anticipating the next time they will see each other. The letters provide regular updates on family and community news, reports on the frequency of church and prayer meeting attendance, and are generally newsy and gossipy in their overall tone. The Charles Davis correspondence includes a few letters from his friends, both male and female, in West Virginia written prior to his relationship with Edith. The lighthearted nature of these letters is exemplified in a December 9, 1894 letter from his friend Albert in which he asks Charles, \"Are the girls as good looking over there [in Broadway] as they are in old Pend[leton County]?\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOccasionally, the letters touch on relevant political and social topics of the time. In a November 3, 1896 letter from Charles Davis to Edith, he comments on his election fatigue in light of the recent presidential election: \"Well the election is over and I have a McKinley headache already.\" In Letha Davis Kline's February 11, 1917 letter to Earl Kline, she describes her internal struggle with the morality of dancing: \"Dancing isn't a sin is it? Sometimes I think it is and then again I think different for if you wished to you could make a sin out of everything.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Ephemera, 1911-1967, contains two programs from Broadway High School – one including a cast of characters and synopsis of \"The Deacon\" and one outlining the May 10, 1911 commencement exercises. Miscellaneous religious tracts and clippings are also included. Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards to organizations include The American Legion, Elkton Volunteer Fire Company, National Federation of Post Office Clerks, and the Confederate States Army (reorganized in August 1962).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945, contains seven ledgers and notebooks related to Charles Davis, a plat, legal documents, indentures, stock certificates, and financial documents. The ledgers and notebooks are only minimally described as they undergo preservation treatment. They include a notebook, 1892-1893; a memorandum and account book, 1888-1889; an account book, 1895-1923; an account book, 1897; a time book, 1904-1912; a fertilizer notebook, 1907; and a daybook, 1912-1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe remainder of the series is comprised of miscellaneous papers with some directly relating to the Davis and Kline families and some documents seemingly unrelated, but still concerning other local persons. Other family names include Billhimer, Harrison, Ewin, Long, Lanahan, Waterman, Hall, Burtner, and Gambill. Items include five indentures, Charles Davis' 1891 teaching certificate for Pendleton County, West Virginia, a June 26, 1897 plat proposing a public road from Port Republic Road to Rockingham Turnpike (Rt. 33), six stock certificates issued to H. L. Burtner for Valley Supply Company, Inc. in Harrisonburg, and the will of D. A. Eppard of Elkton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977, is comprised of five folders of photographs and eight scrapbooks compiled by Mary Kline Hutton. With a few exceptions, the photographs are primarily unidentified and undated. The 1943-1956 photo album includes images of Mary Hutton's graduation from Madison College in 1955. She is pictured in front of Wilson Hall in her cap and gown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbooks are compiled in both three-ring and spiral-bound photo albums with adhesive pages and traditional scrapbooks with paper pages. The scrapbooks are generally ephemeral in nature, containing photographs, wedding napkins, postcards, greetings cards for various occasions, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and programs documenting holidays, vacations, and local events. Material related to the town of Elkton and the Elkton Volunteer Fire Company are included in many of the scrapbooks, as are newspaper clippings spotlighting the Huttons and their friends and family. The 1957-1958 scrapbook documents the Huttons' wedding and honeymoon. The subsequent scrapbook includes sympathy cards and letters sent to the Huttons after the death of their newborn child. During the summer of 1976, the couple visited Las Vegas and the Hoover Dam. Postcards, a plane ticket, keno slips, and brochures document the trip. Also documented are the Huttons' 1959 trip to New York City, their 1968 vacation to the Alamo, and their 1977 vacation to Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons. Correspondence between Charles and Edith Long Davis and letters from their daughter Letha to Earl Kline comprise the bulk of the collection. Scrapbooks created by Mary Kline Hutton also make up a significant portion of the collection.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1891-1919, 1940, is comprised of approximately 180 handwritten letters, most with corresponding envelopes, between Charles Davis and Edith Long Davis, and letters from their daughter Letha Davis Kline to her future husband Earl Kline. The bulk of these letters were written between the two couples during their respective courtships, though some letters between the Davises post-date their marriage when Charles was staying in Harrisonburg and likely working in some capacity at the new Masonic Temple. The subject matter of the letters is generally romantic in nature. Both couples talk about missing each other and anticipating the next time they will see each other. The letters provide regular updates on family and community news, reports on the frequency of church and prayer meeting attendance, and are generally newsy and gossipy in their overall tone. The Charles Davis correspondence includes a few letters from his friends, both male and female, in West Virginia written prior to his relationship with Edith. The lighthearted nature of these letters is exemplified in a December 9, 1894 letter from his friend Albert in which he asks Charles, \"Are the girls as good looking over there [in Broadway] as they are in old Pend[leton County]?\"","Occasionally, the letters touch on relevant political and social topics of the time. In a November 3, 1896 letter from Charles Davis to Edith, he comments on his election fatigue in light of the recent presidential election: \"Well the election is over and I have a McKinley headache already.\" In Letha Davis Kline's February 11, 1917 letter to Earl Kline, she describes her internal struggle with the morality of dancing: \"Dancing isn't a sin is it? Sometimes I think it is and then again I think different for if you wished to you could make a sin out of everything.\"","Series 2: Ephemera, 1911-1967, contains two programs from Broadway High School – one including a cast of characters and synopsis of \"The Deacon\" and one outlining the May 10, 1911 commencement exercises. Miscellaneous religious tracts and clippings are also included. Ralph B. Hutton's membership cards to organizations include The American Legion, Elkton Volunteer Fire Company, National Federation of Post Office Clerks, and the Confederate States Army (reorganized in August 1962).","Series 3: Ledgers and Papers, 1816-1945, contains seven ledgers and notebooks related to Charles Davis, a plat, legal documents, indentures, stock certificates, and financial documents. The ledgers and notebooks are only minimally described as they undergo preservation treatment. They include a notebook, 1892-1893; a memorandum and account book, 1888-1889; an account book, 1895-1923; an account book, 1897; a time book, 1904-1912; a fertilizer notebook, 1907; and a daybook, 1912-1925.","The remainder of the series is comprised of miscellaneous papers with some directly relating to the Davis and Kline families and some documents seemingly unrelated, but still concerning other local persons. Other family names include Billhimer, Harrison, Ewin, Long, Lanahan, Waterman, Hall, Burtner, and Gambill. Items include five indentures, Charles Davis' 1891 teaching certificate for Pendleton County, West Virginia, a June 26, 1897 plat proposing a public road from Port Republic Road to Rockingham Turnpike (Rt. 33), six stock certificates issued to H. L. Burtner for Valley Supply Company, Inc. in Harrisonburg, and the will of D. A. Eppard of Elkton.","Series 4: Photographs and Scrapbooks, 1919-1977, is comprised of five folders of photographs and eight scrapbooks compiled by Mary Kline Hutton. With a few exceptions, the photographs are primarily unidentified and undated. The 1943-1956 photo album includes images of Mary Hutton's graduation from Madison College in 1955. She is pictured in front of Wilson Hall in her cap and gown.","The scrapbooks are compiled in both three-ring and spiral-bound photo albums with adhesive pages and traditional scrapbooks with paper pages. The scrapbooks are generally ephemeral in nature, containing photographs, wedding napkins, postcards, greetings cards for various occasions, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and programs documenting holidays, vacations, and local events. Material related to the town of Elkton and the Elkton Volunteer Fire Company are included in many of the scrapbooks, as are newspaper clippings spotlighting the Huttons and their friends and family. The 1957-1958 scrapbook documents the Huttons' wedding and honeymoon. The subsequent scrapbook includes sympathy cards and letters sent to the Huttons after the death of their newborn child. During the summer of 1976, the couple visited Las Vegas and the Hoover Dam. Postcards, a plane ticket, keno slips, and brochures document the trip. Also documented are the Huttons' 1959 trip to New York City, their 1968 vacation to the Alamo, and their 1977 vacation to Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_aed0f3a6145b2e329ac85678817bf83e\"\u003eThe Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Davis, Kline, and Hutton Family Papers, 1816-1977, are comprised of correspondence, scrapbooks, photographs, legal documents, and miscellaneous papers relating to Charles L. Davis of Singers Glen, Virginia and his descendants. Some documents are seemingly unrelated to the aforementioned families, but concern other local persons."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"persname_ssim":["Hutton, Mary Davis Kline, 1934-2017","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:16.308Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_410"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Diary of John Augustine Washington III","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"text":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection","Diary of John Augustine Washington III","Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)","Enslaved persons","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","English .","box 6","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones."],"title_filing_ssi":"Diary of John Augustine Washington III","title_ssm":["Diary of John Augustine Washington III"],"title_tesim":["Diary of John Augustine Washington III"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847 July 8 - 1850 March 9"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1850"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Diary of John Augustine Washington III"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":238,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850],"geogname_ssim":["Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)"],"geogname_ssm":["Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)"],"places_ssim":["Mount Vernon (Va. : Estate)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved persons","Business records","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved persons","Business records","Ledgers (account books)"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones."],"_nest_path_":"/components#237","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_65.xml","title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"text":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65","John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection.","(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.","As the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. ","These visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. ","John Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. ","This diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection.","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection","This collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. ","Descendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.","Lists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.","States they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.","Mrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.","She had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.","His mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"","Apologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.","Describes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.","Urges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.","Resolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.","Introduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.","Gives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.","Is sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.","Sends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.","Thanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"","Is against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.","Brief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.","Heard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.","Wants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)","Was glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)","Is in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.","Lists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.","Tells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.","Is worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.","Doubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.","Is horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)","Tells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.","Recommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.","First letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.","Discusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.","Discussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.","Discusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.","Answering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.","Discusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.","He wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.","Discusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.","Discusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"","Invites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.","Has been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"","(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.","First letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.","Wants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.","First letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.","An account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.","Discusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.","Acknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.","Agreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.","Has been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.","A committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.","Encloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.","Addressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.","Does not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.","Discusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.","(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.","Wants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.","The Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.","Draft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"","Draft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).","Encloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.","The state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"","As long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.","Feels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.","Urges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.","Has the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.","Assures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.","Encloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.","Invites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.","Is unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"","Reports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.","Feels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.","Mr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.","Wants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.","Gives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.","Encloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.","Is very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.","Gives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more","Will not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.","Tells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.","Discusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.","Discusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.","Wants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.","Is writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.","Wants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.","Urges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"","His musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.","Would love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.","He remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"","(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.","Again says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"","The Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.","Inquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.","Tells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.","Discusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.","Invites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"","Gives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.","(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026 cupidity of the timid \u0026 narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.","Says he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.","Reiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.","Again states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.","Urges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"","Is preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026 Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.","He deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.","(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.","Wants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.","He is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.","Again requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.","Agrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.","The first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.","Urges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.","Wants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.","Acknowledges his decline to the proposition.","Replying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.","As a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.","Writes to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.","Is involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.","Is amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.","First letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.","Hopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.","Tells him of payment to Burke \u0026 Herbert of $10,000 on that day.","Tells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.","Wants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.","Their project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.","Thanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.","Acknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.","The Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.","Tells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.","They wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026 Herbert for the last installment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.","(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"","Wants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.","Again asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"","Thanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.","Details work done on various dresses.","Is sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.","Cannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.","Wants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.","Will be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.","Wishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.","Makes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.","Is returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.","Is still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.","Thanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.","Sees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.","Tells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.","Sends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.","He is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.","Acknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.","Reports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.","Tells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.","Funeral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.","Asks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.","Two leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.","Full title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.","Wants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.","Photographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"","Small engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.","Hair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"","Small black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.","Black and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).","Boston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"","Diary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026 expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.","Photocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.","Handwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"collection_ssim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.","As the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. ","These visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. ","John Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarly Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDescendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnswering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoes not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWould love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026amp; cupidity of the timid \u0026amp; narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026amp; Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges his decline to the proposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReplying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of payment to Burke \u0026amp; Herbert of $10,000 on that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTheir project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026amp; Herbert for the last installment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetails work done on various dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMakes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuneral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFull title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026amp; expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and 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Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. ","Descendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.","Lists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.","States they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.","Mrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.","She had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.","His mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"","Apologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.","Describes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.","Urges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.","Resolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.","Introduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.","Gives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.","Is sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.","Sends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.","Thanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"","Is against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.","Brief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.","Heard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.","Wants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)","Was glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)","Is in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.","Lists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.","Tells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.","Is worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.","Doubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.","Is horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)","Tells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.","Recommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.","First letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.","Discusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.","Discussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.","Discusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.","Answering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.","Discusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.","He wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.","Discusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.","Discusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"","Invites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.","Has been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"","(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.","First letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.","Wants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.","First letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.","An account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.","Discusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.","Acknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.","Agreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.","Has been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.","A committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.","Encloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.","Addressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.","Does not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.","Discusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.","(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.","Wants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.","The Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.","Draft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"","Draft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).","Encloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.","The state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"","As long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.","Feels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.","Urges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.","Has the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.","Assures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.","Encloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.","Invites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.","Is unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"","Reports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.","Feels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.","Mr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.","Wants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.","Gives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.","Encloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.","Is very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.","Gives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more","Will not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.","Tells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.","Discusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.","Discusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.","Wants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.","Is writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.","Wants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.","Urges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"","His musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.","Would love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.","He remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"","(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.","Again says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"","The Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.","Inquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.","Tells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.","Discusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.","Invites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"","Gives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.","(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026 cupidity of the timid \u0026 narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.","Says he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.","Reiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.","Again states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.","Urges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"","Is preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026 Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.","He deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.","(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.","Wants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.","He is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.","Again requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.","Agrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.","The first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.","Urges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.","Wants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.","Acknowledges his decline to the proposition.","Replying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.","As a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.","Writes to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.","Is involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.","Is amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.","First letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.","Hopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.","Tells him of payment to Burke \u0026 Herbert of $10,000 on that day.","Tells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.","Wants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.","Their project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.","Thanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.","Acknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.","The Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.","Tells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.","They wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026 Herbert for the last installment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.","(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"","Wants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.","Again asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"","Thanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.","Details work done on various dresses.","Is sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.","Cannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.","Wants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.","Will be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.","Wishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.","Makes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.","Is returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.","Is still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.","Thanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.","Sees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.","Tells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.","Sends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.","He is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.","Acknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.","Reports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.","Tells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.","Funeral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.","Asks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.","Two leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.","Full title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.","Wants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.","Photographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"","Small engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.","Hair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"","Small black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.","Black and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).","Boston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"","Diary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026 expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.","Photocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.","Handwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":251,"online_item_count_is":12,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65_c238"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_673#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bowman family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_673#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_673#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_673.xml","title_ssm":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"title_tesim":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1797-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1797-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0328","/repositories/4/resources/673"],"text":["SC 0328","/repositories/4/resources/673","Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers","Collection is open for research with the exception of Bowman correspondence from 1997-2019, which is restricted until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Original audiocassettes contained in this collection are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Restricted from researcher access until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Series is open to research.","Original audiocassettes contained within this series are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Printed materials and monographs already held by Special Collections or deemed out of the collecting scope of Special Collections, yearbooks, and genealogy website printouts were not retained and were returned to the donor.","The collection is arranged into four series and further arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to group like materials together specifically Hollar family genealogy research files.","Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019 Genealogy Files, 1797-2018 2024-0604 Accession, circa 1850-1985 2024-0725 Accession, circa 1875-1990","Given the genealogical focus of this collection, this biographical note is not intended to serve as an exhaustive description of the Bowman family tree, which would largely duplicate the information found within the collection materials. Researchers are encouraged to review Series 2: Genealogy Files for more detailed genealogical information on the Bowman, Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Published genealogies on these families are also available for additional context.","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers primarily documents the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line of the Bowmans of Rockingham County, Virginia. Eli Bowman was the great-great-grandson of George and Barbara Bowman who  immigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in the late 1740s. The Bowmans moved to Rockingham County in the early 1770s and erected the \"Bowman House\" which is now part of the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton. The descendants of Eli and Amanda Bowman documented in this collection include their son Luther Alexander Bowman (1884-1952) and his wife Otilla May Lahman (1891-1966), Luther and Otilla's son Millard Lahman Bowman (1914-1997) and his wife Oma Frances Wenger (1913-2002), and their nine children including Eldon Bowman (b. 1942) and Bernie Bowman (b. 1947). Many of the Bowmans were members of the Mennonite Church and were farmers by trade. Millard Bowman owned and operated a dairy and turkey farm with his family just outside of Harrisonburg. Eldon and Bernie Bowman as well as their siblings Jim, Daniel, and Miriam Haarer are all published authors. Their books include memoirs, genealogies, and family histories. ","Much of the family papers and genealogical research that form this collection were compiled and stewarded by Eldon Bowman's father Millard, and then by Eldon after Millard's death in 1997. Bernie Bowman, Eldon's brother, is also a contributor to the collection. A selection of his writings - published and unpublished - are included.","Millard Bowman - Tenor, Harold Lahman - Lead, Amos Rhodes - Baritone, James McDorman - Bass","The bulk of the materials were provided by the donor in labeled envelopes and binders. The donor's descriptions and folder titles were largely retained, and in cases where descriptions were substantive, a scope and content note is included at the folder level. The binders and envelopes were discarded. ","Audiocassettes listed in the container list have not been reformatted but can be made available upon request.","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, family papers, and financial and legal documents related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","Since the collection contains original and photocopied documents, dates were applied to documents according to the date the original document was created and not when it was reproduced. Researchers should note that while genealogical materials are primarily arranged in Series 2: Genealogical Files, materials found within Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence may also relate to Bowman and related family genealogies. ","Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019, comprises ledgers; legal and financial documents related to the personal business doings of Eli Bowman and settling numerous Bowman family estates; and correspondence and email exchanges between Eldon Bowman and his classmates from Turner Ashby High School discussing religion and their respective spiritual journeys, politics, and philosophy.\nWritings by Bernie Bowman include published articles and papers he presented at meetings of \"The Thinkers,\" a discussion group in Tennessee of which Bernie was a member.","Includes names Eli M. Bowman, Isaac H. Bowman, and [Edmund T.] Bowman.","Eli Bowman records on settling his mother, Catharine Bowman's (1819-1882) estate","Jacob Wenger was the uncle of Oma Wenger Bowman.","Copy of original Great Granddaddy Elias Poems - Aunt Lois gave them to me some years ago - \u0026 I had them laminated for protection.","Includes receipts for electrical work completed by Roy S. Bowman at Eli Bowman's house as well as hospital and funeral bills after the death of Amanda Bowman in 1936.","Copies of letters written by Ottie Bowman to her son Paul Bowman when he was in alternate service during World War II.","Records of settlement of Ottie Bowman's estate. Millard Bowman acted as administrator.","Most addressed to William Bowman, father of Houston Bowman, the last resident at the original Bowman House.","The Grandpa's Quartet \"All Will Be Well\"","Side A What Did He Do? Just a Little Talk Surely Goodness and Mercy A Beautiful Life If I Be Lifted Up Nearer My Home","Side B Many Mansions In Times Like These All Will Be Well Hold to My Hand Sunset Hour Beyond the Sunset","Millard Bowman computations showing sale of farm and home in 1996. Also for 1996 estimated taxes and other tax returns.","At a class reunion, three high school classmates found common ground in philosophy, religion, and politics. These emails are the result.","Series 2: Genealogy Files, 1797-2018, contains obituaries, funeral registers, funeral cards, typed and handwritten biographies, genealogies, and research notes on the Bowman family and the related Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Much of the materials were compiled and written by Millard Bowman. Reference materials used in the writing of family histories by Eldon and Bernie Bowman are included.","Photocopied maps, deeds, indentures, and notes.","Eli Bowman's wife was Amanda Hollar, the 22nd child of David Hollar. This cemetary is the burial site of a number of the Hollar relatives.","Old wills of Wenger family: Joseph, Peter, Dan, Ella Rhodes, Laura Suter Wenger, Peter's widow, sale of Millard Bowman Farm in 1996.","1910 calendar with photo of Luther A. Bowman (1884-1952) and his horse, Squench. Photo of Luther A. Bowman in his buggy.","Includes copy of letter from William D. Bowman dated January 13, 1856.","In the mid 1960s, Millard Bowman bought the home place of Sam and Hattie Spitzer. Hattie's mother was Sallie Hollar Berry, a sister to our great grandmother Amanda Hollar Bowman. Esther and Steve Showalter bought the place and extensively remodeled the house. There once was a mill there, fed by a strong spring. Millard Bowman tore out the old wooden race and replaced it with pipe. He continued to allow free water to the neighbors.","This is the community where the Eli Bowman and David Hollar families lived. Relatives noted.","Millard Bowman's incomplete memories. Written by request of his daughter, Miriam Haarer.","Not the same line of Bowmans, but Luther Bowman lived on one of the family's farms from 1905-1910.","These mills were big in the lives of Eli Bowman and his son, Luther Bowman - our great grandfather and grandfather.","The Bowman Mill at Greenmount (page 7) was founded by a Bowman family not related to our line. It passed through several generations and was owned in the early 1900s by a descendant - M.H. (Homer) Myers. Samuel Bowman owned a large farm north of Greenmount in addition to the Lincoln Homestead.","Luther lived and worked on the first firm (near Greenmount) when he left home at age 21.","Solomon Bowman moved to Indiana in the 1880s.","Oscar Wenger, oldest child of Jacob and Jenny Wenger, married Bessie Heatwole. She kept a daily diary for many years. This notebook contains many of her entries referencing Mr. Bowman. Our granddad Luther worked with/for Oscar from 1905-1910. We thought these references were about him. Later realized they referred to Sam Bowman (not related) who owned the farm where Oscar \u0026 Luther lived. Bessie's diaries are in EMU's Historical Library.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photographs, family papers, and local history materials. The Wenger line of the family is documented in this series.","Bowman family photographs including the George Bowman house and New Erection School. Photographs were identified and labeled by donor.","School was located north of Singers Glen, Virginia and near home of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman. Two of their children, Ruth and Bertha, are pictured. Approximately half of the students are identified.","The envelope that accompanied the photograph identified the school as Morning View School. A sheet listing students names identifies the school as Mt. Valley School.","Callie Rebecca Bowman (1888-1985) was the daughter of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman.","Issued to Millard Bowman and transferred to Laura Wenger, Bowman's mother-in-law.","Research compiled by Jim Duncan. Concerns the George Bowman house built circa 1772 in northern Rockingham County (west of Timberville) and relocated to the Frontier Culture Museum in the early 2000s.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photograph albums and one loose photograph documenting the extended Bowman family. Photographs document the Bowman family house (now located at the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton), Wenger home (Mt. Clinton Pike), family reunions, and students at Dale Enterprise School. Individual and group photos of family members are included. Detailed descriptions were provided by the donor (or other family members) and are included with the albums. A detailed description of the history and architecture of the Wenger house accompanies the photograph.","Published monographs related to the Bowman family and/or local history were removed from the collection and cataloged individually as part of Special Collections rare book holdings.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family","Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman, Bernard D.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0328","/repositories/4/resources/673"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Bowman family","Bowman, Eldon L."],"creator_ssim":["Bowman family","Bowman, Eldon L."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bowman, Eldon L."],"creator_famname_ssim":["Bowman family"],"creators_ssim":["Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman family"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Eldon Bowman in four separate accruals between 2019 and 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 cubic feet 6 boxes, 2 audiocassettes","118 Megabytes 46 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 cubic feet 6 boxes, 2 audiocassettes","118 Megabytes 46 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers"],"date_range_isim":[1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research with the exception of Bowman correspondence from 1997-2019, which is restricted until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassettes contained in this collection are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRestricted from researcher access until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassettes contained within this series are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research with the exception of Bowman correspondence from 1997-2019, which is restricted until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Original audiocassettes contained in this collection are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Restricted from researcher access until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Series is open to research.","Original audiocassettes contained within this series are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrinted materials and monographs already held by Special Collections or deemed out of the collecting scope of Special Collections, yearbooks, and genealogy website printouts were not retained and were returned to the donor.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Printed materials and monographs already held by Special Collections or deemed out of the collecting scope of Special Collections, yearbooks, and genealogy website printouts were not retained and were returned to the donor."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series and further arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to group like materials together specifically Hollar family genealogy research files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFamily Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogy Files, 1797-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2024-0604 Accession, circa 1850-1985\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2024-0725 Accession, circa 1875-1990\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series and further arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to group like materials together specifically Hollar family genealogy research files.","Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019 Genealogy Files, 1797-2018 2024-0604 Accession, circa 1850-1985 2024-0725 Accession, circa 1875-1990"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiven the genealogical focus of this collection, this biographical note is not intended to serve as an exhaustive description of the Bowman family tree, which would largely duplicate the information found within the collection materials. Researchers are encouraged to review Series 2: Genealogy Files for more detailed genealogical information on the Bowman, Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Published genealogies on these families are also available for additional context.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers primarily documents the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line of the Bowmans of Rockingham County, Virginia. Eli Bowman was the great-great-grandson of George and Barbara Bowman who  immigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in the late 1740s. The Bowmans moved to Rockingham County in the early 1770s and erected the \"Bowman House\" which is now part of the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton. The descendants of Eli and Amanda Bowman documented in this collection include their son Luther Alexander Bowman (1884-1952) and his wife Otilla May Lahman (1891-1966), Luther and Otilla's son Millard Lahman Bowman (1914-1997) and his wife Oma Frances Wenger (1913-2002), and their nine children including Eldon Bowman (b. 1942) and Bernie Bowman (b. 1947). Many of the Bowmans were members of the Mennonite Church and were farmers by trade. Millard Bowman owned and operated a dairy and turkey farm with his family just outside of Harrisonburg. Eldon and Bernie Bowman as well as their siblings Jim, Daniel, and Miriam Haarer are all published authors. Their books include memoirs, genealogies, and family histories. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Given the genealogical focus of this collection, this biographical note is not intended to serve as an exhaustive description of the Bowman family tree, which would largely duplicate the information found within the collection materials. Researchers are encouraged to review Series 2: Genealogy Files for more detailed genealogical information on the Bowman, Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Published genealogies on these families are also available for additional context.","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers primarily documents the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line of the Bowmans of Rockingham County, Virginia. Eli Bowman was the great-great-grandson of George and Barbara Bowman who  immigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in the late 1740s. The Bowmans moved to Rockingham County in the early 1770s and erected the \"Bowman House\" which is now part of the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton. The descendants of Eli and Amanda Bowman documented in this collection include their son Luther Alexander Bowman (1884-1952) and his wife Otilla May Lahman (1891-1966), Luther and Otilla's son Millard Lahman Bowman (1914-1997) and his wife Oma Frances Wenger (1913-2002), and their nine children including Eldon Bowman (b. 1942) and Bernie Bowman (b. 1947). Many of the Bowmans were members of the Mennonite Church and were farmers by trade. Millard Bowman owned and operated a dairy and turkey farm with his family just outside of Harrisonburg. Eldon and Bernie Bowman as well as their siblings Jim, Daniel, and Miriam Haarer are all published authors. Their books include memoirs, genealogies, and family histories. "],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuch of the family papers and genealogical research that form this collection were compiled and stewarded by Eldon Bowman's father Millard, and then by Eldon after Millard's death in 1997. Bernie Bowman, Eldon's brother, is also a contributor to the collection. A selection of his writings - published and unpublished - are included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Much of the family papers and genealogical research that form this collection were compiled and stewarded by Eldon Bowman's father Millard, and then by Eldon after Millard's death in 1997. Bernie Bowman, Eldon's brother, is also a contributor to the collection. A selection of his writings - published and unpublished - are included."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMillard Bowman - Tenor, Harold Lahman - Lead, Amos Rhodes - Baritone, James McDorman - Bass\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Quartet lineup"],"odd_tesim":["Millard Bowman - Tenor, Harold Lahman - Lead, Amos Rhodes - Baritone, James McDorman - Bass"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, SC 0328, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, SC 0328, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials were provided by the donor in labeled envelopes and binders. The donor's descriptions and folder titles were largely retained, and in cases where descriptions were substantive, a scope and content note is included at the folder level. The binders and envelopes were discarded. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes listed in the container list have not been reformatted but can be made available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the materials were provided by the donor in labeled envelopes and binders. The donor's descriptions and folder titles were largely retained, and in cases where descriptions were substantive, a scope and content note is included at the folder level. The binders and envelopes were discarded. ","Audiocassettes listed in the container list have not been reformatted but can be made available upon request."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, family papers, and financial and legal documents related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince the collection contains original and photocopied documents, dates were applied to documents according to the date the original document was created and not when it was reproduced. Researchers should note that while genealogical materials are primarily arranged in Series 2: Genealogical Files, materials found within Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence may also relate to Bowman and related family genealogies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019, comprises ledgers; legal and financial documents related to the personal business doings of Eli Bowman and settling numerous Bowman family estates; and correspondence and email exchanges between Eldon Bowman and his classmates from Turner Ashby High School discussing religion and their respective spiritual journeys, politics, and philosophy.\nWritings by Bernie Bowman include published articles and papers he presented at meetings of \"The Thinkers,\" a discussion group in Tennessee of which Bernie was a member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes names Eli M. Bowman, Isaac H. Bowman, and [Edmund T.] Bowman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEli Bowman records on settling his mother, Catharine Bowman's (1819-1882) estate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJacob Wenger was the uncle of Oma Wenger Bowman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of original Great Granddaddy Elias Poems - Aunt Lois gave them to me some years ago - \u0026amp; I had them laminated for protection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes receipts for electrical work completed by Roy S. Bowman at Eli Bowman's house as well as hospital and funeral bills after the death of Amanda Bowman in 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of letters written by Ottie Bowman to her son Paul Bowman when he was in alternate service during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords of settlement of Ottie Bowman's estate. Millard Bowman acted as administrator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost addressed to William Bowman, father of Houston Bowman, the last resident at the original Bowman House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Grandpa's Quartet \"All Will Be Well\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eSide A\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWhat Did He Do?\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJust a Little Talk\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSurely Goodness and Mercy\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eA Beautiful Life\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIf I Be Lifted Up\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNearer My Home\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eSide B\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMany Mansions\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIn Times Like These\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAll Will Be Well\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHold to My Hand\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSunset Hour\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBeyond the Sunset\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMillard Bowman computations showing sale of farm and home in 1996. Also for 1996 estimated taxes and other tax returns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt a class reunion, three high school classmates found common ground in philosophy, religion, and politics. These emails are the result.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Genealogy Files, 1797-2018, contains obituaries, funeral registers, funeral cards, typed and handwritten biographies, genealogies, and research notes on the Bowman family and the related Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Much of the materials were compiled and written by Millard Bowman. Reference materials used in the writing of family histories by Eldon and Bernie Bowman are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopied maps, deeds, indentures, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEli Bowman's wife was Amanda Hollar, the 22nd child of David Hollar. This cemetary is the burial site of a number of the Hollar relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOld wills of Wenger family: Joseph, Peter, Dan, Ella Rhodes, Laura Suter Wenger, Peter's widow, sale of Millard Bowman Farm in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1910 calendar with photo of Luther A. Bowman (1884-1952) and his horse, Squench. Photo of Luther A. Bowman in his buggy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes copy of letter from William D. Bowman dated January 13, 1856.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the mid 1960s, Millard Bowman bought the home place of Sam and Hattie Spitzer. Hattie's mother was Sallie Hollar Berry, a sister to our great grandmother Amanda Hollar Bowman. Esther and Steve Showalter bought the place and extensively remodeled the house. There once was a mill there, fed by a strong spring. Millard Bowman tore out the old wooden race and replaced it with pipe. He continued to allow free water to the neighbors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the community where the Eli Bowman and David Hollar families lived. Relatives noted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMillard Bowman's incomplete memories. Written by request of his daughter, Miriam Haarer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNot the same line of Bowmans, but Luther Bowman lived on one of the family's farms from 1905-1910.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese mills were big in the lives of Eli Bowman and his son, Luther Bowman - our great grandfather and grandfather.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Bowman Mill at Greenmount (page 7) was founded by a Bowman family not related to our line. It passed through several generations and was owned in the early 1900s by a descendant - M.H. (Homer) Myers. Samuel Bowman owned a large farm north of Greenmount in addition to the Lincoln Homestead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLuther lived and worked on the first firm (near Greenmount) when he left home at age 21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSolomon Bowman moved to Indiana in the 1880s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOscar Wenger, oldest child of Jacob and Jenny Wenger, married Bessie Heatwole. She kept a daily diary for many years. This notebook contains many of her entries referencing Mr. Bowman. Our granddad Luther worked with/for Oscar from 1905-1910. We thought these references were about him. Later realized they referred to Sam Bowman (not related) who owned the farm where Oscar \u0026amp; Luther lived. Bessie's diaries are in EMU's Historical Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries is an addition to the collection and comprises photographs, family papers, and local history materials. The Wenger line of the family is documented in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman family photographs including the George Bowman house and New Erection School. Photographs were identified and labeled by donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSchool was located north of Singers Glen, Virginia and near home of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman. Two of their children, Ruth and Bertha, are pictured. Approximately half of the students are identified.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe envelope that accompanied the photograph identified the school as Morning View School. A sheet listing students names identifies the school as Mt. Valley School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCallie Rebecca Bowman (1888-1985) was the daughter of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIssued to Millard Bowman and transferred to Laura Wenger, Bowman's mother-in-law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch compiled by Jim Duncan. Concerns the George Bowman house built circa 1772 in northern Rockingham County (west of Timberville) and relocated to the Frontier Culture Museum in the early 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries is an addition to the collection and comprises photograph albums and one loose photograph documenting the extended Bowman family. Photographs document the Bowman family house (now located at the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton), Wenger home (Mt. Clinton Pike), family reunions, and students at Dale Enterprise School. Individual and group photos of family members are included. Detailed descriptions were provided by the donor (or other family members) and are included with the albums. A detailed description of the history and architecture of the Wenger house accompanies the photograph.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, family papers, and financial and legal documents related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","Since the collection contains original and photocopied documents, dates were applied to documents according to the date the original document was created and not when it was reproduced. Researchers should note that while genealogical materials are primarily arranged in Series 2: Genealogical Files, materials found within Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence may also relate to Bowman and related family genealogies. ","Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019, comprises ledgers; legal and financial documents related to the personal business doings of Eli Bowman and settling numerous Bowman family estates; and correspondence and email exchanges between Eldon Bowman and his classmates from Turner Ashby High School discussing religion and their respective spiritual journeys, politics, and philosophy.\nWritings by Bernie Bowman include published articles and papers he presented at meetings of \"The Thinkers,\" a discussion group in Tennessee of which Bernie was a member.","Includes names Eli M. Bowman, Isaac H. Bowman, and [Edmund T.] Bowman.","Eli Bowman records on settling his mother, Catharine Bowman's (1819-1882) estate","Jacob Wenger was the uncle of Oma Wenger Bowman.","Copy of original Great Granddaddy Elias Poems - Aunt Lois gave them to me some years ago - \u0026 I had them laminated for protection.","Includes receipts for electrical work completed by Roy S. Bowman at Eli Bowman's house as well as hospital and funeral bills after the death of Amanda Bowman in 1936.","Copies of letters written by Ottie Bowman to her son Paul Bowman when he was in alternate service during World War II.","Records of settlement of Ottie Bowman's estate. Millard Bowman acted as administrator.","Most addressed to William Bowman, father of Houston Bowman, the last resident at the original Bowman House.","The Grandpa's Quartet \"All Will Be Well\"","Side A What Did He Do? Just a Little Talk Surely Goodness and Mercy A Beautiful Life If I Be Lifted Up Nearer My Home","Side B Many Mansions In Times Like These All Will Be Well Hold to My Hand Sunset Hour Beyond the Sunset","Millard Bowman computations showing sale of farm and home in 1996. Also for 1996 estimated taxes and other tax returns.","At a class reunion, three high school classmates found common ground in philosophy, religion, and politics. These emails are the result.","Series 2: Genealogy Files, 1797-2018, contains obituaries, funeral registers, funeral cards, typed and handwritten biographies, genealogies, and research notes on the Bowman family and the related Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Much of the materials were compiled and written by Millard Bowman. Reference materials used in the writing of family histories by Eldon and Bernie Bowman are included.","Photocopied maps, deeds, indentures, and notes.","Eli Bowman's wife was Amanda Hollar, the 22nd child of David Hollar. This cemetary is the burial site of a number of the Hollar relatives.","Old wills of Wenger family: Joseph, Peter, Dan, Ella Rhodes, Laura Suter Wenger, Peter's widow, sale of Millard Bowman Farm in 1996.","1910 calendar with photo of Luther A. Bowman (1884-1952) and his horse, Squench. Photo of Luther A. Bowman in his buggy.","Includes copy of letter from William D. Bowman dated January 13, 1856.","In the mid 1960s, Millard Bowman bought the home place of Sam and Hattie Spitzer. Hattie's mother was Sallie Hollar Berry, a sister to our great grandmother Amanda Hollar Bowman. Esther and Steve Showalter bought the place and extensively remodeled the house. There once was a mill there, fed by a strong spring. Millard Bowman tore out the old wooden race and replaced it with pipe. He continued to allow free water to the neighbors.","This is the community where the Eli Bowman and David Hollar families lived. Relatives noted.","Millard Bowman's incomplete memories. Written by request of his daughter, Miriam Haarer.","Not the same line of Bowmans, but Luther Bowman lived on one of the family's farms from 1905-1910.","These mills were big in the lives of Eli Bowman and his son, Luther Bowman - our great grandfather and grandfather.","The Bowman Mill at Greenmount (page 7) was founded by a Bowman family not related to our line. It passed through several generations and was owned in the early 1900s by a descendant - M.H. (Homer) Myers. Samuel Bowman owned a large farm north of Greenmount in addition to the Lincoln Homestead.","Luther lived and worked on the first firm (near Greenmount) when he left home at age 21.","Solomon Bowman moved to Indiana in the 1880s.","Oscar Wenger, oldest child of Jacob and Jenny Wenger, married Bessie Heatwole. She kept a daily diary for many years. This notebook contains many of her entries referencing Mr. Bowman. Our granddad Luther worked with/for Oscar from 1905-1910. We thought these references were about him. Later realized they referred to Sam Bowman (not related) who owned the farm where Oscar \u0026 Luther lived. Bessie's diaries are in EMU's Historical Library.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photographs, family papers, and local history materials. The Wenger line of the family is documented in this series.","Bowman family photographs including the George Bowman house and New Erection School. Photographs were identified and labeled by donor.","School was located north of Singers Glen, Virginia and near home of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman. Two of their children, Ruth and Bertha, are pictured. Approximately half of the students are identified.","The envelope that accompanied the photograph identified the school as Morning View School. A sheet listing students names identifies the school as Mt. Valley School.","Callie Rebecca Bowman (1888-1985) was the daughter of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman.","Issued to Millard Bowman and transferred to Laura Wenger, Bowman's mother-in-law.","Research compiled by Jim Duncan. Concerns the George Bowman house built circa 1772 in northern Rockingham County (west of Timberville) and relocated to the Frontier Culture Museum in the early 2000s.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photograph albums and one loose photograph documenting the extended Bowman family. Photographs document the Bowman family house (now located at the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton), Wenger home (Mt. Clinton Pike), family reunions, and students at Dale Enterprise School. Individual and group photos of family members are included. Detailed descriptions were provided by the donor (or other family members) and are included with the albums. A detailed description of the history and architecture of the Wenger house accompanies the photograph."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublished monographs related to the Bowman family and/or local history were removed from the collection and cataloged individually as part of Special Collections rare book holdings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Published monographs related to the Bowman family and/or local history were removed from the collection and cataloged individually as part of Special Collections rare book holdings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c36b83e647b2f8c7822ff05aea87d0ab\"\u003eThe Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family","Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman, Bernard D."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family","Bowman, Eldon L."],"famname_ssim":["Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family"],"persname_ssim":["Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman, Bernard D."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":83,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:24:36.195Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_673","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_673.xml","title_ssm":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"title_tesim":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1797-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1797-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0328","/repositories/4/resources/673"],"text":["SC 0328","/repositories/4/resources/673","Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers","Collection is open for research with the exception of Bowman correspondence from 1997-2019, which is restricted until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Original audiocassettes contained in this collection are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Restricted from researcher access until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Series is open to research.","Original audiocassettes contained within this series are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Printed materials and monographs already held by Special Collections or deemed out of the collecting scope of Special Collections, yearbooks, and genealogy website printouts were not retained and were returned to the donor.","The collection is arranged into four series and further arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to group like materials together specifically Hollar family genealogy research files.","Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019 Genealogy Files, 1797-2018 2024-0604 Accession, circa 1850-1985 2024-0725 Accession, circa 1875-1990","Given the genealogical focus of this collection, this biographical note is not intended to serve as an exhaustive description of the Bowman family tree, which would largely duplicate the information found within the collection materials. Researchers are encouraged to review Series 2: Genealogy Files for more detailed genealogical information on the Bowman, Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Published genealogies on these families are also available for additional context.","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers primarily documents the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line of the Bowmans of Rockingham County, Virginia. Eli Bowman was the great-great-grandson of George and Barbara Bowman who  immigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in the late 1740s. The Bowmans moved to Rockingham County in the early 1770s and erected the \"Bowman House\" which is now part of the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton. The descendants of Eli and Amanda Bowman documented in this collection include their son Luther Alexander Bowman (1884-1952) and his wife Otilla May Lahman (1891-1966), Luther and Otilla's son Millard Lahman Bowman (1914-1997) and his wife Oma Frances Wenger (1913-2002), and their nine children including Eldon Bowman (b. 1942) and Bernie Bowman (b. 1947). Many of the Bowmans were members of the Mennonite Church and were farmers by trade. Millard Bowman owned and operated a dairy and turkey farm with his family just outside of Harrisonburg. Eldon and Bernie Bowman as well as their siblings Jim, Daniel, and Miriam Haarer are all published authors. Their books include memoirs, genealogies, and family histories. ","Much of the family papers and genealogical research that form this collection were compiled and stewarded by Eldon Bowman's father Millard, and then by Eldon after Millard's death in 1997. Bernie Bowman, Eldon's brother, is also a contributor to the collection. A selection of his writings - published and unpublished - are included.","Millard Bowman - Tenor, Harold Lahman - Lead, Amos Rhodes - Baritone, James McDorman - Bass","The bulk of the materials were provided by the donor in labeled envelopes and binders. The donor's descriptions and folder titles were largely retained, and in cases where descriptions were substantive, a scope and content note is included at the folder level. The binders and envelopes were discarded. ","Audiocassettes listed in the container list have not been reformatted but can be made available upon request.","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, family papers, and financial and legal documents related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","Since the collection contains original and photocopied documents, dates were applied to documents according to the date the original document was created and not when it was reproduced. Researchers should note that while genealogical materials are primarily arranged in Series 2: Genealogical Files, materials found within Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence may also relate to Bowman and related family genealogies. ","Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019, comprises ledgers; legal and financial documents related to the personal business doings of Eli Bowman and settling numerous Bowman family estates; and correspondence and email exchanges between Eldon Bowman and his classmates from Turner Ashby High School discussing religion and their respective spiritual journeys, politics, and philosophy.\nWritings by Bernie Bowman include published articles and papers he presented at meetings of \"The Thinkers,\" a discussion group in Tennessee of which Bernie was a member.","Includes names Eli M. Bowman, Isaac H. Bowman, and [Edmund T.] Bowman.","Eli Bowman records on settling his mother, Catharine Bowman's (1819-1882) estate","Jacob Wenger was the uncle of Oma Wenger Bowman.","Copy of original Great Granddaddy Elias Poems - Aunt Lois gave them to me some years ago - \u0026 I had them laminated for protection.","Includes receipts for electrical work completed by Roy S. Bowman at Eli Bowman's house as well as hospital and funeral bills after the death of Amanda Bowman in 1936.","Copies of letters written by Ottie Bowman to her son Paul Bowman when he was in alternate service during World War II.","Records of settlement of Ottie Bowman's estate. Millard Bowman acted as administrator.","Most addressed to William Bowman, father of Houston Bowman, the last resident at the original Bowman House.","The Grandpa's Quartet \"All Will Be Well\"","Side A What Did He Do? Just a Little Talk Surely Goodness and Mercy A Beautiful Life If I Be Lifted Up Nearer My Home","Side B Many Mansions In Times Like These All Will Be Well Hold to My Hand Sunset Hour Beyond the Sunset","Millard Bowman computations showing sale of farm and home in 1996. Also for 1996 estimated taxes and other tax returns.","At a class reunion, three high school classmates found common ground in philosophy, religion, and politics. These emails are the result.","Series 2: Genealogy Files, 1797-2018, contains obituaries, funeral registers, funeral cards, typed and handwritten biographies, genealogies, and research notes on the Bowman family and the related Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Much of the materials were compiled and written by Millard Bowman. Reference materials used in the writing of family histories by Eldon and Bernie Bowman are included.","Photocopied maps, deeds, indentures, and notes.","Eli Bowman's wife was Amanda Hollar, the 22nd child of David Hollar. This cemetary is the burial site of a number of the Hollar relatives.","Old wills of Wenger family: Joseph, Peter, Dan, Ella Rhodes, Laura Suter Wenger, Peter's widow, sale of Millard Bowman Farm in 1996.","1910 calendar with photo of Luther A. Bowman (1884-1952) and his horse, Squench. Photo of Luther A. Bowman in his buggy.","Includes copy of letter from William D. Bowman dated January 13, 1856.","In the mid 1960s, Millard Bowman bought the home place of Sam and Hattie Spitzer. Hattie's mother was Sallie Hollar Berry, a sister to our great grandmother Amanda Hollar Bowman. Esther and Steve Showalter bought the place and extensively remodeled the house. There once was a mill there, fed by a strong spring. Millard Bowman tore out the old wooden race and replaced it with pipe. He continued to allow free water to the neighbors.","This is the community where the Eli Bowman and David Hollar families lived. Relatives noted.","Millard Bowman's incomplete memories. Written by request of his daughter, Miriam Haarer.","Not the same line of Bowmans, but Luther Bowman lived on one of the family's farms from 1905-1910.","These mills were big in the lives of Eli Bowman and his son, Luther Bowman - our great grandfather and grandfather.","The Bowman Mill at Greenmount (page 7) was founded by a Bowman family not related to our line. It passed through several generations and was owned in the early 1900s by a descendant - M.H. (Homer) Myers. Samuel Bowman owned a large farm north of Greenmount in addition to the Lincoln Homestead.","Luther lived and worked on the first firm (near Greenmount) when he left home at age 21.","Solomon Bowman moved to Indiana in the 1880s.","Oscar Wenger, oldest child of Jacob and Jenny Wenger, married Bessie Heatwole. She kept a daily diary for many years. This notebook contains many of her entries referencing Mr. Bowman. Our granddad Luther worked with/for Oscar from 1905-1910. We thought these references were about him. Later realized they referred to Sam Bowman (not related) who owned the farm where Oscar \u0026 Luther lived. Bessie's diaries are in EMU's Historical Library.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photographs, family papers, and local history materials. The Wenger line of the family is documented in this series.","Bowman family photographs including the George Bowman house and New Erection School. Photographs were identified and labeled by donor.","School was located north of Singers Glen, Virginia and near home of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman. Two of their children, Ruth and Bertha, are pictured. Approximately half of the students are identified.","The envelope that accompanied the photograph identified the school as Morning View School. A sheet listing students names identifies the school as Mt. Valley School.","Callie Rebecca Bowman (1888-1985) was the daughter of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman.","Issued to Millard Bowman and transferred to Laura Wenger, Bowman's mother-in-law.","Research compiled by Jim Duncan. Concerns the George Bowman house built circa 1772 in northern Rockingham County (west of Timberville) and relocated to the Frontier Culture Museum in the early 2000s.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photograph albums and one loose photograph documenting the extended Bowman family. Photographs document the Bowman family house (now located at the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton), Wenger home (Mt. Clinton Pike), family reunions, and students at Dale Enterprise School. Individual and group photos of family members are included. Detailed descriptions were provided by the donor (or other family members) and are included with the albums. A detailed description of the history and architecture of the Wenger house accompanies the photograph.","Published monographs related to the Bowman family and/or local history were removed from the collection and cataloged individually as part of Special Collections rare book holdings.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family","Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman, Bernard D.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0328","/repositories/4/resources/673"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Eldon Bowman collection of Bowman family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Bowman family","Bowman, Eldon L."],"creator_ssim":["Bowman family","Bowman, Eldon L."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bowman, Eldon L."],"creator_famname_ssim":["Bowman family"],"creators_ssim":["Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman family"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Eldon Bowman in four separate accruals between 2019 and 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 cubic feet 6 boxes, 2 audiocassettes","118 Megabytes 46 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 cubic feet 6 boxes, 2 audiocassettes","118 Megabytes 46 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Genealogies (histories)","Family papers","Photographs","Estate records","Photocopies","Receipts (financial records)","Ledgers (account books)","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Checks (bank checks)","Financial Records","Electronic mail","Funeral registers"],"date_range_isim":[1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research with the exception of Bowman correspondence from 1997-2019, which is restricted until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassettes contained in this collection are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRestricted from researcher access until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassettes contained within this series are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research with the exception of Bowman correspondence from 1997-2019, which is restricted until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Original audiocassettes contained in this collection are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Restricted from researcher access until July 15, 2035 per the amended donor agreement.","Series is open to research.","Original audiocassettes contained within this series are restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information.","Original audiocassette restricted from access. Reformatted access copies may be available, or media reformatting may be available upon request. Contact research services staff at library-special@jmu.edu for additional information."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrinted materials and monographs already held by Special Collections or deemed out of the collecting scope of Special Collections, yearbooks, and genealogy website printouts were not retained and were returned to the donor.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Printed materials and monographs already held by Special Collections or deemed out of the collecting scope of Special Collections, yearbooks, and genealogy website printouts were not retained and were returned to the donor."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series and further arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to group like materials together specifically Hollar family genealogy research files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFamily Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogy Files, 1797-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2024-0604 Accession, circa 1850-1985\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2024-0725 Accession, circa 1875-1990\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series and further arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to group like materials together specifically Hollar family genealogy research files.","Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019 Genealogy Files, 1797-2018 2024-0604 Accession, circa 1850-1985 2024-0725 Accession, circa 1875-1990"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiven the genealogical focus of this collection, this biographical note is not intended to serve as an exhaustive description of the Bowman family tree, which would largely duplicate the information found within the collection materials. Researchers are encouraged to review Series 2: Genealogy Files for more detailed genealogical information on the Bowman, Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Published genealogies on these families are also available for additional context.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers primarily documents the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line of the Bowmans of Rockingham County, Virginia. Eli Bowman was the great-great-grandson of George and Barbara Bowman who  immigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in the late 1740s. The Bowmans moved to Rockingham County in the early 1770s and erected the \"Bowman House\" which is now part of the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton. The descendants of Eli and Amanda Bowman documented in this collection include their son Luther Alexander Bowman (1884-1952) and his wife Otilla May Lahman (1891-1966), Luther and Otilla's son Millard Lahman Bowman (1914-1997) and his wife Oma Frances Wenger (1913-2002), and their nine children including Eldon Bowman (b. 1942) and Bernie Bowman (b. 1947). Many of the Bowmans were members of the Mennonite Church and were farmers by trade. Millard Bowman owned and operated a dairy and turkey farm with his family just outside of Harrisonburg. Eldon and Bernie Bowman as well as their siblings Jim, Daniel, and Miriam Haarer are all published authors. Their books include memoirs, genealogies, and family histories. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Given the genealogical focus of this collection, this biographical note is not intended to serve as an exhaustive description of the Bowman family tree, which would largely duplicate the information found within the collection materials. Researchers are encouraged to review Series 2: Genealogy Files for more detailed genealogical information on the Bowman, Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Published genealogies on these families are also available for additional context.","The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers primarily documents the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line of the Bowmans of Rockingham County, Virginia. Eli Bowman was the great-great-grandson of George and Barbara Bowman who  immigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in the late 1740s. The Bowmans moved to Rockingham County in the early 1770s and erected the \"Bowman House\" which is now part of the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton. The descendants of Eli and Amanda Bowman documented in this collection include their son Luther Alexander Bowman (1884-1952) and his wife Otilla May Lahman (1891-1966), Luther and Otilla's son Millard Lahman Bowman (1914-1997) and his wife Oma Frances Wenger (1913-2002), and their nine children including Eldon Bowman (b. 1942) and Bernie Bowman (b. 1947). Many of the Bowmans were members of the Mennonite Church and were farmers by trade. Millard Bowman owned and operated a dairy and turkey farm with his family just outside of Harrisonburg. Eldon and Bernie Bowman as well as their siblings Jim, Daniel, and Miriam Haarer are all published authors. Their books include memoirs, genealogies, and family histories. "],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuch of the family papers and genealogical research that form this collection were compiled and stewarded by Eldon Bowman's father Millard, and then by Eldon after Millard's death in 1997. Bernie Bowman, Eldon's brother, is also a contributor to the collection. A selection of his writings - published and unpublished - are included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Much of the family papers and genealogical research that form this collection were compiled and stewarded by Eldon Bowman's father Millard, and then by Eldon after Millard's death in 1997. Bernie Bowman, Eldon's brother, is also a contributor to the collection. A selection of his writings - published and unpublished - are included."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMillard Bowman - Tenor, Harold Lahman - Lead, Amos Rhodes - Baritone, James McDorman - Bass\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Quartet lineup"],"odd_tesim":["Millard Bowman - Tenor, Harold Lahman - Lead, Amos Rhodes - Baritone, James McDorman - Bass"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, SC 0328, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, SC 0328, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials were provided by the donor in labeled envelopes and binders. The donor's descriptions and folder titles were largely retained, and in cases where descriptions were substantive, a scope and content note is included at the folder level. The binders and envelopes were discarded. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes listed in the container list have not been reformatted but can be made available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the materials were provided by the donor in labeled envelopes and binders. The donor's descriptions and folder titles were largely retained, and in cases where descriptions were substantive, a scope and content note is included at the folder level. The binders and envelopes were discarded. ","Audiocassettes listed in the container list have not been reformatted but can be made available upon request."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, family papers, and financial and legal documents related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince the collection contains original and photocopied documents, dates were applied to documents according to the date the original document was created and not when it was reproduced. Researchers should note that while genealogical materials are primarily arranged in Series 2: Genealogical Files, materials found within Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence may also relate to Bowman and related family genealogies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019, comprises ledgers; legal and financial documents related to the personal business doings of Eli Bowman and settling numerous Bowman family estates; and correspondence and email exchanges between Eldon Bowman and his classmates from Turner Ashby High School discussing religion and their respective spiritual journeys, politics, and philosophy.\nWritings by Bernie Bowman include published articles and papers he presented at meetings of \"The Thinkers,\" a discussion group in Tennessee of which Bernie was a member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes names Eli M. Bowman, Isaac H. Bowman, and [Edmund T.] Bowman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEli Bowman records on settling his mother, Catharine Bowman's (1819-1882) estate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJacob Wenger was the uncle of Oma Wenger Bowman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of original Great Granddaddy Elias Poems - Aunt Lois gave them to me some years ago - \u0026amp; I had them laminated for protection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes receipts for electrical work completed by Roy S. Bowman at Eli Bowman's house as well as hospital and funeral bills after the death of Amanda Bowman in 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of letters written by Ottie Bowman to her son Paul Bowman when he was in alternate service during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords of settlement of Ottie Bowman's estate. Millard Bowman acted as administrator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost addressed to William Bowman, father of Houston Bowman, the last resident at the original Bowman House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Grandpa's Quartet \"All Will Be Well\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eSide A\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWhat Did He Do?\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJust a Little Talk\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSurely Goodness and Mercy\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eA Beautiful Life\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIf I Be Lifted Up\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNearer My Home\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eSide B\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMany Mansions\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIn Times Like These\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAll Will Be Well\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHold to My Hand\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSunset Hour\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBeyond the Sunset\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMillard Bowman computations showing sale of farm and home in 1996. Also for 1996 estimated taxes and other tax returns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt a class reunion, three high school classmates found common ground in philosophy, religion, and politics. These emails are the result.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Genealogy Files, 1797-2018, contains obituaries, funeral registers, funeral cards, typed and handwritten biographies, genealogies, and research notes on the Bowman family and the related Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Much of the materials were compiled and written by Millard Bowman. Reference materials used in the writing of family histories by Eldon and Bernie Bowman are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopied maps, deeds, indentures, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEli Bowman's wife was Amanda Hollar, the 22nd child of David Hollar. This cemetary is the burial site of a number of the Hollar relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOld wills of Wenger family: Joseph, Peter, Dan, Ella Rhodes, Laura Suter Wenger, Peter's widow, sale of Millard Bowman Farm in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1910 calendar with photo of Luther A. Bowman (1884-1952) and his horse, Squench. Photo of Luther A. Bowman in his buggy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes copy of letter from William D. Bowman dated January 13, 1856.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the mid 1960s, Millard Bowman bought the home place of Sam and Hattie Spitzer. Hattie's mother was Sallie Hollar Berry, a sister to our great grandmother Amanda Hollar Bowman. Esther and Steve Showalter bought the place and extensively remodeled the house. There once was a mill there, fed by a strong spring. Millard Bowman tore out the old wooden race and replaced it with pipe. He continued to allow free water to the neighbors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the community where the Eli Bowman and David Hollar families lived. Relatives noted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMillard Bowman's incomplete memories. Written by request of his daughter, Miriam Haarer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNot the same line of Bowmans, but Luther Bowman lived on one of the family's farms from 1905-1910.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese mills were big in the lives of Eli Bowman and his son, Luther Bowman - our great grandfather and grandfather.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Bowman Mill at Greenmount (page 7) was founded by a Bowman family not related to our line. It passed through several generations and was owned in the early 1900s by a descendant - M.H. (Homer) Myers. Samuel Bowman owned a large farm north of Greenmount in addition to the Lincoln Homestead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLuther lived and worked on the first firm (near Greenmount) when he left home at age 21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSolomon Bowman moved to Indiana in the 1880s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOscar Wenger, oldest child of Jacob and Jenny Wenger, married Bessie Heatwole. She kept a daily diary for many years. This notebook contains many of her entries referencing Mr. Bowman. Our granddad Luther worked with/for Oscar from 1905-1910. We thought these references were about him. Later realized they referred to Sam Bowman (not related) who owned the farm where Oscar \u0026amp; Luther lived. Bessie's diaries are in EMU's Historical Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries is an addition to the collection and comprises photographs, family papers, and local history materials. The Wenger line of the family is documented in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman family photographs including the George Bowman house and New Erection School. Photographs were identified and labeled by donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSchool was located north of Singers Glen, Virginia and near home of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman. Two of their children, Ruth and Bertha, are pictured. Approximately half of the students are identified.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe envelope that accompanied the photograph identified the school as Morning View School. A sheet listing students names identifies the school as Mt. Valley School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCallie Rebecca Bowman (1888-1985) was the daughter of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIssued to Millard Bowman and transferred to Laura Wenger, Bowman's mother-in-law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch compiled by Jim Duncan. Concerns the George Bowman house built circa 1772 in northern Rockingham County (west of Timberville) and relocated to the Frontier Culture Museum in the early 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries is an addition to the collection and comprises photograph albums and one loose photograph documenting the extended Bowman family. Photographs document the Bowman family house (now located at the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton), Wenger home (Mt. Clinton Pike), family reunions, and students at Dale Enterprise School. Individual and group photos of family members are included. Detailed descriptions were provided by the donor (or other family members) and are included with the albums. A detailed description of the history and architecture of the Wenger house accompanies the photograph.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, family papers, and financial and legal documents related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.","Since the collection contains original and photocopied documents, dates were applied to documents according to the date the original document was created and not when it was reproduced. Researchers should note that while genealogical materials are primarily arranged in Series 2: Genealogical Files, materials found within Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence may also relate to Bowman and related family genealogies. ","Series 1: Family Papers and Correspondence, 1849-2019, comprises ledgers; legal and financial documents related to the personal business doings of Eli Bowman and settling numerous Bowman family estates; and correspondence and email exchanges between Eldon Bowman and his classmates from Turner Ashby High School discussing religion and their respective spiritual journeys, politics, and philosophy.\nWritings by Bernie Bowman include published articles and papers he presented at meetings of \"The Thinkers,\" a discussion group in Tennessee of which Bernie was a member.","Includes names Eli M. Bowman, Isaac H. Bowman, and [Edmund T.] Bowman.","Eli Bowman records on settling his mother, Catharine Bowman's (1819-1882) estate","Jacob Wenger was the uncle of Oma Wenger Bowman.","Copy of original Great Granddaddy Elias Poems - Aunt Lois gave them to me some years ago - \u0026 I had them laminated for protection.","Includes receipts for electrical work completed by Roy S. Bowman at Eli Bowman's house as well as hospital and funeral bills after the death of Amanda Bowman in 1936.","Copies of letters written by Ottie Bowman to her son Paul Bowman when he was in alternate service during World War II.","Records of settlement of Ottie Bowman's estate. Millard Bowman acted as administrator.","Most addressed to William Bowman, father of Houston Bowman, the last resident at the original Bowman House.","The Grandpa's Quartet \"All Will Be Well\"","Side A What Did He Do? Just a Little Talk Surely Goodness and Mercy A Beautiful Life If I Be Lifted Up Nearer My Home","Side B Many Mansions In Times Like These All Will Be Well Hold to My Hand Sunset Hour Beyond the Sunset","Millard Bowman computations showing sale of farm and home in 1996. Also for 1996 estimated taxes and other tax returns.","At a class reunion, three high school classmates found common ground in philosophy, religion, and politics. These emails are the result.","Series 2: Genealogy Files, 1797-2018, contains obituaries, funeral registers, funeral cards, typed and handwritten biographies, genealogies, and research notes on the Bowman family and the related Hollar, Lahman, and Wenger families. Much of the materials were compiled and written by Millard Bowman. Reference materials used in the writing of family histories by Eldon and Bernie Bowman are included.","Photocopied maps, deeds, indentures, and notes.","Eli Bowman's wife was Amanda Hollar, the 22nd child of David Hollar. This cemetary is the burial site of a number of the Hollar relatives.","Old wills of Wenger family: Joseph, Peter, Dan, Ella Rhodes, Laura Suter Wenger, Peter's widow, sale of Millard Bowman Farm in 1996.","1910 calendar with photo of Luther A. Bowman (1884-1952) and his horse, Squench. Photo of Luther A. Bowman in his buggy.","Includes copy of letter from William D. Bowman dated January 13, 1856.","In the mid 1960s, Millard Bowman bought the home place of Sam and Hattie Spitzer. Hattie's mother was Sallie Hollar Berry, a sister to our great grandmother Amanda Hollar Bowman. Esther and Steve Showalter bought the place and extensively remodeled the house. There once was a mill there, fed by a strong spring. Millard Bowman tore out the old wooden race and replaced it with pipe. He continued to allow free water to the neighbors.","This is the community where the Eli Bowman and David Hollar families lived. Relatives noted.","Millard Bowman's incomplete memories. Written by request of his daughter, Miriam Haarer.","Not the same line of Bowmans, but Luther Bowman lived on one of the family's farms from 1905-1910.","These mills were big in the lives of Eli Bowman and his son, Luther Bowman - our great grandfather and grandfather.","The Bowman Mill at Greenmount (page 7) was founded by a Bowman family not related to our line. It passed through several generations and was owned in the early 1900s by a descendant - M.H. (Homer) Myers. Samuel Bowman owned a large farm north of Greenmount in addition to the Lincoln Homestead.","Luther lived and worked on the first firm (near Greenmount) when he left home at age 21.","Solomon Bowman moved to Indiana in the 1880s.","Oscar Wenger, oldest child of Jacob and Jenny Wenger, married Bessie Heatwole. She kept a daily diary for many years. This notebook contains many of her entries referencing Mr. Bowman. Our granddad Luther worked with/for Oscar from 1905-1910. We thought these references were about him. Later realized they referred to Sam Bowman (not related) who owned the farm where Oscar \u0026 Luther lived. Bessie's diaries are in EMU's Historical Library.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photographs, family papers, and local history materials. The Wenger line of the family is documented in this series.","Bowman family photographs including the George Bowman house and New Erection School. Photographs were identified and labeled by donor.","School was located north of Singers Glen, Virginia and near home of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman. Two of their children, Ruth and Bertha, are pictured. Approximately half of the students are identified.","The envelope that accompanied the photograph identified the school as Morning View School. A sheet listing students names identifies the school as Mt. Valley School.","Callie Rebecca Bowman (1888-1985) was the daughter of Eli Bowman and Amanda Hollar Bowman.","Issued to Millard Bowman and transferred to Laura Wenger, Bowman's mother-in-law.","Research compiled by Jim Duncan. Concerns the George Bowman house built circa 1772 in northern Rockingham County (west of Timberville) and relocated to the Frontier Culture Museum in the early 2000s.","Series is an addition to the collection and comprises photograph albums and one loose photograph documenting the extended Bowman family. Photographs document the Bowman family house (now located at the Frontier Culture Museum in Staunton), Wenger home (Mt. Clinton Pike), family reunions, and students at Dale Enterprise School. Individual and group photos of family members are included. Detailed descriptions were provided by the donor (or other family members) and are included with the albums. A detailed description of the history and architecture of the Wenger house accompanies the photograph."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublished monographs related to the Bowman family and/or local history were removed from the collection and cataloged individually as part of Special Collections rare book holdings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Published monographs related to the Bowman family and/or local history were removed from the collection and cataloged individually as part of Special Collections rare book holdings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c36b83e647b2f8c7822ff05aea87d0ab\"\u003eThe Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Eldon Bowman Collection of Bowman Family Papers, 1797-2019, comprises genealogical materials (photocopied and original), correspondence, and family papers related to the Bowman family of Rockingham County, Virginia specifically the Eli Martin Bowman (1861-1950) and Amanda Hollar Bowman (1865-1936) line."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family","Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman, Bernard D."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family","Bowman, Eldon L."],"famname_ssim":["Bowman family","Hollar family","Wenger family","Lahman family"],"persname_ssim":["Bowman, Eldon L.","Bowman, Bernard D."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":83,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:24:36.195Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_673"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henry Halsey Account Book","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Halsey, Henry","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1332.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Halsey, Henry, Account Book","title_ssm":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"title_tesim":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1846-1874"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1846-1874"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1978.011"],"text":["Ms.1978.011","Henry Halsey Account Book","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","Henry Halsey, son of Philip and Esther Moore Halsey, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, on July 8, 1784. Halsey remained in the Windsor area and worked as a farmer and leather tanner. He married four times: to Abigail Allyn (1784-1816); to Laura Wolcott Mather (1789-1831); to Eunice Talcott (1787-1858); and to Amanda Moore (1807-1880), and he fathered eight children. Henry Halsey died on February 24, 1876.","The guide to the Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing and description of the Henry Halsey Account Book commenced and was completed in May 2011.","This collection consists of a single account book, maintained by Henry Halsey, a tanner and farmer in Windsor, Connecticut. The ledger contains various types of entries. The greater part of the entries are in the form of a day book, commencing on November 27, 1846 and ending on December 25, 1860. Entries include dates, customer names, descriptions of transactions, and prices. The transaction descriptions indicate that Halsey was conducting other businesses in conjunction with the tannery. Also included in the volume are lists of stocks and bonds owned by Halsey and account entries for services rendered to various individuals, including as administrator of the estate of Abial Wilson. Several newspaper clippings have been affixed to the end papers. Most of these relate to Halsey's various business interests, but also included are articles titled \"Evil Effects of Study out of Schools,\" and \"The Habits of Shad.\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Halsey, Henry","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1978.011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Halsey, Henry"],"creator_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"creators_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Henry Halsey Account Book was acquired by Special Collections in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Halsey, son of Philip and Esther Moore Halsey, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, on July 8, 1784. Halsey remained in the Windsor area and worked as a farmer and leather tanner. He married four times: to Abigail Allyn (1784-1816); to Laura Wolcott Mather (1789-1831); to Eunice Talcott (1787-1858); and to Amanda Moore (1807-1880), and he fathered eight children. Henry Halsey died on February 24, 1876.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Halsey, son of Philip and Esther Moore Halsey, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, on July 8, 1784. Halsey remained in the Windsor area and worked as a farmer and leather tanner. He married four times: to Abigail Allyn (1784-1816); to Laura Wolcott Mather (1789-1831); to Eunice Talcott (1787-1858); and to Amanda Moore (1807-1880), and he fathered eight children. Henry Halsey died on February 24, 1876."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Henry Halsey Account Book commenced and was completed in May 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Henry Halsey Account Book commenced and was completed in May 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single account book, maintained by Henry Halsey, a tanner and farmer in Windsor, Connecticut. The ledger contains various types of entries. The greater part of the entries are in the form of a day book, commencing on November 27, 1846 and ending on December 25, 1860. Entries include dates, customer names, descriptions of transactions, and prices. The transaction descriptions indicate that Halsey was conducting other businesses in conjunction with the tannery. Also included in the volume are lists of stocks and bonds owned by Halsey and account entries for services rendered to various individuals, including as administrator of the estate of Abial Wilson. Several newspaper clippings have been affixed to the end papers. Most of these relate to Halsey's various business interests, but also included are articles titled \"Evil Effects of Study out of Schools,\" and \"The Habits of Shad.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single account book, maintained by Henry Halsey, a tanner and farmer in Windsor, Connecticut. The ledger contains various types of entries. The greater part of the entries are in the form of a day book, commencing on November 27, 1846 and ending on December 25, 1860. Entries include dates, customer names, descriptions of transactions, and prices. The transaction descriptions indicate that Halsey was conducting other businesses in conjunction with the tannery. Also included in the volume are lists of stocks and bonds owned by Halsey and account entries for services rendered to various individuals, including as administrator of the estate of Abial Wilson. Several newspaper clippings have been affixed to the end papers. Most of these relate to Halsey's various business interests, but also included are articles titled \"Evil Effects of Study out of Schools,\" and \"The Habits of Shad.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba1fcc97916d8089c1566033bddf74bc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Halsey, Henry"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:10:40.374Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1332.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Halsey, Henry, Account Book","title_ssm":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"title_tesim":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1846-1874"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1846-1874"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1978.011"],"text":["Ms.1978.011","Henry Halsey Account Book","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","Henry Halsey, son of Philip and Esther Moore Halsey, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, on July 8, 1784. Halsey remained in the Windsor area and worked as a farmer and leather tanner. He married four times: to Abigail Allyn (1784-1816); to Laura Wolcott Mather (1789-1831); to Eunice Talcott (1787-1858); and to Amanda Moore (1807-1880), and he fathered eight children. Henry Halsey died on February 24, 1876.","The guide to the Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing and description of the Henry Halsey Account Book commenced and was completed in May 2011.","This collection consists of a single account book, maintained by Henry Halsey, a tanner and farmer in Windsor, Connecticut. The ledger contains various types of entries. The greater part of the entries are in the form of a day book, commencing on November 27, 1846 and ending on December 25, 1860. Entries include dates, customer names, descriptions of transactions, and prices. The transaction descriptions indicate that Halsey was conducting other businesses in conjunction with the tannery. Also included in the volume are lists of stocks and bonds owned by Halsey and account entries for services rendered to various individuals, including as administrator of the estate of Abial Wilson. Several newspaper clippings have been affixed to the end papers. Most of these relate to Halsey's various business interests, but also included are articles titled \"Evil Effects of Study out of Schools,\" and \"The Habits of Shad.\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Halsey, Henry","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1978.011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Halsey Account Book"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Halsey, Henry"],"creator_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"creators_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Henry Halsey Account Book was acquired by Special Collections in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Halsey, son of Philip and Esther Moore Halsey, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, on July 8, 1784. Halsey remained in the Windsor area and worked as a farmer and leather tanner. He married four times: to Abigail Allyn (1784-1816); to Laura Wolcott Mather (1789-1831); to Eunice Talcott (1787-1858); and to Amanda Moore (1807-1880), and he fathered eight children. Henry Halsey died on February 24, 1876.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Halsey, son of Philip and Esther Moore Halsey, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, on July 8, 1784. Halsey remained in the Windsor area and worked as a farmer and leather tanner. He married four times: to Abigail Allyn (1784-1816); to Laura Wolcott Mather (1789-1831); to Eunice Talcott (1787-1858); and to Amanda Moore (1807-1880), and he fathered eight children. Henry Halsey died on February 24, 1876."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Henry Halsey Account Book, Ms1978-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Henry Halsey Account Book commenced and was completed in May 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Henry Halsey Account Book commenced and was completed in May 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single account book, maintained by Henry Halsey, a tanner and farmer in Windsor, Connecticut. The ledger contains various types of entries. The greater part of the entries are in the form of a day book, commencing on November 27, 1846 and ending on December 25, 1860. Entries include dates, customer names, descriptions of transactions, and prices. The transaction descriptions indicate that Halsey was conducting other businesses in conjunction with the tannery. Also included in the volume are lists of stocks and bonds owned by Halsey and account entries for services rendered to various individuals, including as administrator of the estate of Abial Wilson. Several newspaper clippings have been affixed to the end papers. Most of these relate to Halsey's various business interests, but also included are articles titled \"Evil Effects of Study out of Schools,\" and \"The Habits of Shad.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single account book, maintained by Henry Halsey, a tanner and farmer in Windsor, Connecticut. The ledger contains various types of entries. The greater part of the entries are in the form of a day book, commencing on November 27, 1846 and ending on December 25, 1860. Entries include dates, customer names, descriptions of transactions, and prices. The transaction descriptions indicate that Halsey was conducting other businesses in conjunction with the tannery. Also included in the volume are lists of stocks and bonds owned by Halsey and account entries for services rendered to various individuals, including as administrator of the estate of Abial Wilson. Several newspaper clippings have been affixed to the end papers. Most of these relate to Halsey's various business interests, but also included are articles titled \"Evil Effects of Study out of Schools,\" and \"The Habits of Shad.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba1fcc97916d8089c1566033bddf74bc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the account book of Henry Halsey (1784-1876), a farmer and leather tanner living in Windsor, Connecticut."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Halsey, Henry"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Halsey, Henry"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:10:40.374Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1332"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_304","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hoak Ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_304#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hoak, Gasper","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_304#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, is written primarily in German and includes entries for shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. It likely originated from Gasper Hoak of Page County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_304#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_304","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_304","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_304","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_304","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_304.xml","title_ssm":["Hoak Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Hoak Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-1855"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1855"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0161","/repositories/4/resources/304"],"text":["SC 0161","/repositories/4/resources/304","Hoak Ledger","Virginia -- History, Local","Farmers -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledger is bound and housed in a folder.","The Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, was part of the personal collection of a Lexington, Virginia resident and is thought to have originated in Shenandoah or Page County, Virginia, where the Hoak family name can be documented.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4023 .","On the last page is written \"Gasper Hoak his book.\" Entries are mostly in German script with columns of numbers. According to Mr. John Stewart, James Madison University Faculty Emeritus and a native German speaker, the German entries refer frequently to shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. One page dated 1803 is in English and appears to be a recipe for whiskey.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, is written primarily in German and includes entries for shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased in June 2001 from Green Valley Auctions, Mt. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledger is bound and housed in a folder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledger is bound and housed in a folder."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, was part of the personal collection of a Lexington, Virginia resident and is thought to have originated in Shenandoah or Page County, Virginia, where the Hoak family name can be documented.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, was part of the personal collection of a Lexington, Virginia resident and is thought to have originated in Shenandoah or Page County, Virginia, where the Hoak family name can be documented."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, SC 0161, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, SC 0161, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4023\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4023 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn the last page is written \"Gasper Hoak his book.\" Entries are mostly in German script with columns of numbers. According to Mr. John Stewart, James Madison University Faculty Emeritus and a native German speaker, the German entries refer frequently to shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. One page dated 1803 is in English and appears to be a recipe for whiskey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["On the last page is written \"Gasper Hoak his book.\" Entries are mostly in German script with columns of numbers. According to Mr. John Stewart, James Madison University Faculty Emeritus and a native German speaker, the German entries refer frequently to shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. One page dated 1803 is in English and appears to be a recipe for whiskey."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e087544a52916b53592d5703c12cb48\"\u003eThe Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, is written primarily in German and includes entries for shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. 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One page dated 1803 is in English and appears to be a recipe for whiskey."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e087544a52916b53592d5703c12cb48\"\u003eThe Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, is written primarily in German and includes entries for shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. It likely originated from Gasper Hoak of Page County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Hoak Ledger, 1794-1855, is written primarily in German and includes entries for shoeing horses, repairing wagons, and sales of wheat and grain. It likely originated from Gasper Hoak of Page County, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Hoak, Gasper"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"persname_ssim":["Hoak, Gasper"],"language_ssim":["English, German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:55.421Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_304"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Isaac Horne Ledgers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4138.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Horne, Isaac, Ledgers","title_ssm":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1824-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.088"],"text":["Ms.2023.088","Isaac Horne Ledgers","Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The materials in this collection are arranged by material type and chronologically.","Isaac James Horne (1801-1878) was a merchant from Glade Springs, located in Washington County, Virginia. After marrying Eliza Talbert in 1827, Horne began working at the Stagecoach Inn run by his in-laws Bazel and Mary Talbert. After their deaths, the Hornes inherited the inn, and they enslaved at least seven people, including four children, who worked at the inn and surrounding property. Isaac Horne later sold leather goods to Confederate troops during the American Civil War. Outliving his two children and Eliza, Horne died in 1878. His grandchildren took over the Stagecoach Inn in Glade Springs. ","External source:","Diana Powell, \"Isaac James Horne\",  RamblingRoots.com, Pioneer Families of Washington County, Virginia, https://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm , accessed on August 3, 2023.","The guide to the Isaac Horne Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac Horne Ledgers was completed in August 2023.","This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War. 1,680 pages of information offer thousands of names from 1824-1870. Each material has a detailed inventory sheet.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.088"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"collection_ssim":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"creator_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"creators_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Isaac Horne Ledgers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are arranged by material type and chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection are arranged by material type and chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIsaac James Horne (1801-1878) was a merchant from Glade Springs, located in Washington County, Virginia. After marrying Eliza Talbert in 1827, Horne began working at the Stagecoach Inn run by his in-laws Bazel and Mary Talbert. After their deaths, the Hornes inherited the inn, and they enslaved at least seven people, including four children, who worked at the inn and surrounding property. Isaac Horne later sold leather goods to Confederate troops during the American Civil War. Outliving his two children and Eliza, Horne died in 1878. His grandchildren took over the Stagecoach Inn in Glade Springs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal source:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDiana Powell, \"Isaac James Horne\", \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRamblingRoots.com, Pioneer Families of Washington County, Virginia,\u003c/title\u003e \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm\"\u003ehttps://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on August 3, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Isaac James Horne (1801-1878) was a merchant from Glade Springs, located in Washington County, Virginia. After marrying Eliza Talbert in 1827, Horne began working at the Stagecoach Inn run by his in-laws Bazel and Mary Talbert. After their deaths, the Hornes inherited the inn, and they enslaved at least seven people, including four children, who worked at the inn and surrounding property. Isaac Horne later sold leather goods to Confederate troops during the American Civil War. Outliving his two children and Eliza, Horne died in 1878. His grandchildren took over the Stagecoach Inn in Glade Springs. ","External source:","Diana Powell, \"Isaac James Horne\",  RamblingRoots.com, Pioneer Families of Washington County, Virginia, https://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm , accessed on August 3, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Isaac Horne Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Isaac Horne Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac Horne Ledgers, 1824-1870, Ms2023-088, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac Horne Ledgers, 1824-1870, Ms2023-088, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac Horne Ledgers was completed in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac Horne Ledgers was completed in August 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War. 1,680 pages of information offer thousands of names from 1824-1870. Each material has a detailed inventory sheet.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War. 1,680 pages of information offer thousands of names from 1824-1870. Each material has a detailed inventory sheet."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4dfc17d24b2f66f6f06057c8d2474999\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:27.555Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4138.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Horne, Isaac, Ledgers","title_ssm":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1824-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.088"],"text":["Ms.2023.088","Isaac Horne Ledgers","Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The materials in this collection are arranged by material type and chronologically.","Isaac James Horne (1801-1878) was a merchant from Glade Springs, located in Washington County, Virginia. After marrying Eliza Talbert in 1827, Horne began working at the Stagecoach Inn run by his in-laws Bazel and Mary Talbert. After their deaths, the Hornes inherited the inn, and they enslaved at least seven people, including four children, who worked at the inn and surrounding property. Isaac Horne later sold leather goods to Confederate troops during the American Civil War. Outliving his two children and Eliza, Horne died in 1878. His grandchildren took over the Stagecoach Inn in Glade Springs. ","External source:","Diana Powell, \"Isaac James Horne\",  RamblingRoots.com, Pioneer Families of Washington County, Virginia, https://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm , accessed on August 3, 2023.","The guide to the Isaac Horne Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac Horne Ledgers was completed in August 2023.","This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War. 1,680 pages of information offer thousands of names from 1824-1870. Each material has a detailed inventory sheet.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.088"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"collection_ssim":["Isaac Horne Ledgers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"creator_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"creators_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest","Washington County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Isaac Horne Ledgers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["1.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are arranged by material type and chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection are arranged by material type and chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIsaac James Horne (1801-1878) was a merchant from Glade Springs, located in Washington County, Virginia. After marrying Eliza Talbert in 1827, Horne began working at the Stagecoach Inn run by his in-laws Bazel and Mary Talbert. After their deaths, the Hornes inherited the inn, and they enslaved at least seven people, including four children, who worked at the inn and surrounding property. Isaac Horne later sold leather goods to Confederate troops during the American Civil War. Outliving his two children and Eliza, Horne died in 1878. His grandchildren took over the Stagecoach Inn in Glade Springs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal source:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDiana Powell, \"Isaac James Horne\", \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRamblingRoots.com, Pioneer Families of Washington County, Virginia,\u003c/title\u003e \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm\"\u003ehttps://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on August 3, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Isaac James Horne (1801-1878) was a merchant from Glade Springs, located in Washington County, Virginia. After marrying Eliza Talbert in 1827, Horne began working at the Stagecoach Inn run by his in-laws Bazel and Mary Talbert. After their deaths, the Hornes inherited the inn, and they enslaved at least seven people, including four children, who worked at the inn and surrounding property. 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","External source:","Diana Powell, \"Isaac James Horne\",  RamblingRoots.com, Pioneer Families of Washington County, Virginia, https://www.ramblingroots.com/RYB-p/p11475.htm , accessed on August 3, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Isaac Horne Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Isaac Horne Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac Horne Ledgers, 1824-1870, Ms2023-088, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac Horne Ledgers, 1824-1870, Ms2023-088, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac Horne Ledgers was completed in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac Horne Ledgers was completed in August 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War. 1,680 pages of information offer thousands of names from 1824-1870. Each material has a detailed inventory sheet.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War. 1,680 pages of information offer thousands of names from 1824-1870. Each material has a detailed inventory sheet."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4dfc17d24b2f66f6f06057c8d2474999\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains seven ledgers and one letter from the estate of Isaac Horne (1801-1878) of Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia. The ledgers show the Hornes owned a dry goods, fabric and tanning business. Transactions are recorded selling leather items to Confederate Soldiers during the American Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Horne, Isaac James, 1801-1878"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:27.555Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4138"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jane Chapman Slaughter papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e This collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/149134","title_filing_ssi":"Slaughter, Jane Chapman  papers","title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"title_tesim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1951"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465"],"text":["MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465","Jane Chapman Slaughter papers","Women -- United States","Women in higher education","Ledgers (account books)","Good","This collection is open for research.","The papers have been arranged in the following order: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, Series 3. School notebooks, Series 4. Genealogical material (including papers, notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, newspaper clippings, and family crests),and Series 5. Financial and Legal papers","Jane Slaughter (1860-1951) was born in Virginia. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching for several years, she returned to William and Mary, where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75.  Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia.","\nThis collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. ","These papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas. ","Jane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" ","While this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. ","In addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. ","\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"","The Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family.","Nearly all correspondence of male Slaughters, probably of the generation before Jane Slaughter, and apparently all genealogy","All but one apparently to Miss Slaughter and all or nearly all on genealogy","Includes a letter from Lady Astor","one is a self-portrait at age 18","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"creator_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"creators_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were originally given to the University of Virginia Library on May 1, 1951 by Captain and Mrs. R.I. Slaughter of Silver Spring, Maryland. The donors gave additional papers on May 10, 1951. On June 16, 1975 the Library received additional pieces from Arthur Workman of Portsmouth, Ohio. ","Jane Slaughter's account ledger is an addition to the collection which was a gift from Kay Slaughter to the Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia on February 17, 2023. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- United States","Women in higher education","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- United States","Women in higher education","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":["4.25 Cubic Feet 8 document boxes and one half-width legal size file box 9"],"extent_tesim":["4.25 Cubic Feet 8 document boxes and one half-width legal size file box 9"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers have been arranged in the following order: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, Series 3. School notebooks, Series 4. Genealogical material (including papers, notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, newspaper clippings, and family crests),and Series 5. Financial and Legal papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers have been arranged in the following order: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, Series 3. School notebooks, Series 4. Genealogical material (including papers, notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, newspaper clippings, and family crests),and Series 5. Financial and Legal papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJane Slaughter (1860-1951) was born in Virginia. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching for several years, she returned to William and Mary, where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75.  Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jane Slaughter (1860-1951) was born in Virginia. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching for several years, she returned to William and Mary, where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75.  Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 3700, Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 3700, Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThis collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNearly all correspondence of male Slaughters, probably of the generation before Jane Slaughter, and apparently all genealogy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll but one apparently to Miss Slaughter and all or nearly all on genealogy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter from Lady Astor\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eone is a self-portrait at age 18\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nThis collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. ","These papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas. ","Jane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" ","While this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. ","In addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. ","\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"","The Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family.","Nearly all correspondence of male Slaughters, probably of the generation before Jane Slaughter, and apparently all genealogy","All but one apparently to Miss Slaughter and all or nearly all on genealogy","Includes a letter from Lady Astor","one is a self-portrait at age 18"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"persname_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:34:46.863Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/149134","title_filing_ssi":"Slaughter, Jane Chapman  papers","title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"title_tesim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1951"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465"],"text":["MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465","Jane Chapman Slaughter papers","Women -- United States","Women in higher education","Ledgers (account books)","Good","This collection is open for research.","The papers have been arranged in the following order: Series 1. 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","These papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas. ","Jane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" ","While this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. ","In addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. ","\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"","The Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family.","Nearly all correspondence of male Slaughters, probably of the generation before Jane Slaughter, and apparently all genealogy","All but one apparently to Miss Slaughter and all or nearly all on genealogy","Includes a letter from Lady Astor","one is a self-portrait at age 18","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS  3700","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1465"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jane Chapman Slaughter papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"creator_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"creators_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were originally given to the University of Virginia Library on May 1, 1951 by Captain and Mrs. R.I. 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In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75.  Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jane Slaughter (1860-1951) was born in Virginia. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching for several years, she returned to William and Mary, where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75.  Slaughter was among the earliest female students at the University of Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 3700, Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 3700, Jane Chapman Slaughter papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThis collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNearly all correspondence of male Slaughters, probably of the generation before Jane Slaughter, and apparently all genealogy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll but one apparently to Miss Slaughter and all or nearly all on genealogy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter from Lady Astor\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eone is a self-portrait at age 18\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nThis collection and addition consists of about 4.25 shelf feet (ca. 1500 pieces) and includes the legal, financial, genealogical, and personal papers of Jane Chapman Slaughter, a genealogical authority and one of the first women to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. ","These papers cover the years 1809-1951 and consist of the correspondence of both Miss Slaughter and her family, her M.A. thesis and Ph.D. dissertation, genealogical records, photographs, notebooks, drawings, newspaper clippings, and diplomas. ","Jane Chapman Slaughter was born in Virginia in 1860. She graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1910. After teaching school for a number of years she returned to William and Mary where she obtained an M.A. degree in 1923. In 1935 she earned a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from the University of Virginia at the age of 75. Her dissertation topic was \"Louis Hue Girardin, Educator, Historian, and Man- Of-Letters.\" ","While this collection is largely of a personal nature, it is useful for both the family historian and genealogist interested in studying a prominent Virginia family. It is important to collect the documents related to women in higher education from the twentieth century and earlier. ","In addition, there are transcripts of 38 letters from Thomas Jefferson to Louis Hue Girardin covering the years 1809-1823, which Miss Slaughter used in writing her dissertation. ","\nIncluded is a new addition to this collection (MSS 3700), Jane Slaughter's account ledger (February 1896- May 1915). The ledger covers her time living in New York and her eventual relocation to Alexandria, Virginia. The book records her receipts, expenses, and income with detailed information on the type of expense, date, and amount. Tipped in the ledger are receipts, clippings, calendar pages, letters, and a handwritten will for \"Aunt Nannie from Ohio.\"","The Jane Chapman Slaughter papers (8.5 document boxes, 4.25 cubic feet) contain family correspondence, academic and miscellaneous works of Jane Slaughter, school notebooks, genealogical material, newspaper clippings, photographs, legal and financial papers, family crests, miscellaneous papers and diplomas earned by the Slaughter family.","Nearly all correspondence of male Slaughters, probably of the generation before Jane Slaughter, and apparently all genealogy","All but one apparently to Miss Slaughter and all or nearly all on genealogy","Includes a letter from Lady Astor","one is a self-portrait at age 18"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"persname_ssim":["Slaughter, Jane Chapman, 1860-1951"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:34:46.863Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1465"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Page County ledgers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_725#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_725#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_725#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_725.xml","title_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725"],"text":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725","Page County ledgers","Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions","Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026 Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).","John W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location.","Grove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","With the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.","The Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.","(Marksville, Page County)","Inscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens.","A 1784 edition of  Herodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser... , which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of  Niles' Weekly Register  were separated from the collection and cataloged separately.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","English \n,        Sanskrit \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"collection_ssim":["Page County ledgers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"geogname_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"creator_ssm":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"creator_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"creators_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"places_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The ledgers were donated by Cletus Gaylon Waters in July 2023. Physical custody was transferred by Betsy Davison who had been using the materials for her own research."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.08 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.08 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026amp; Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026 Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).","John W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Page County Ledgers, 1831-1881, SC 0353, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Page County Ledgers, 1831-1881, SC 0353, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGrove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Grove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Marksville, Page County)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","With the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.","The Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.","(Marksville, Page County)","Inscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 1784 edition of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHerodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser...\u003c/emph\u003e, which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNiles' Weekly Register\u003c/emph\u003e were separated from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 1784 edition of  Herodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser... , which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of  Niles' Weekly Register  were separated from the collection and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3ff819af50fbdbbbcdae905f7fc297b1\"\u003eBound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"persname_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Sanskrit \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:06.237Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_725.xml","title_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725"],"text":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725","Page County ledgers","Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions","Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026 Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).","John W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location.","Grove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","With the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.","The Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.","(Marksville, Page County)","Inscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens.","A 1784 edition of  Herodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser... , which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of  Niles' Weekly Register  were separated from the collection and cataloged separately.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","English \n,        Sanskrit \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"collection_ssim":["Page County ledgers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"geogname_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"creator_ssm":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"creator_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"creators_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"places_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The ledgers were donated by Cletus Gaylon Waters in July 2023. Physical custody was transferred by Betsy Davison who had been using the materials for her own research."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.08 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.08 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026amp; Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026 Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).","John W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Page County Ledgers, 1831-1881, SC 0353, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Page County Ledgers, 1831-1881, SC 0353, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGrove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Grove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Marksville, Page County)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","With the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.","The Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.","(Marksville, Page County)","Inscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 1784 edition of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHerodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser...\u003c/emph\u003e, which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNiles' Weekly Register\u003c/emph\u003e were separated from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 1784 edition of  Herodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser... , which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of  Niles' Weekly Register  were separated from the collection and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3ff819af50fbdbbbcdae905f7fc297b1\"\u003eBound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"persname_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Sanskrit \n.    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