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He left the firm to become Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs at the Department of State, a position he held from 1978-1980. Later in 1980, he came to the University of Virginia Law School as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1985.","In 1984-1985, he was a German Marshall Fund and Ford Foundation Research Fellow in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1995, Martin took a leave of absence from the Law School to work as General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in Washington, DC, until December 1997 when he returned to Charlottesville. Martin teaches courses in Constitutional Law, Immigration Law, and International Law.","The David A. Martin papers include professional and academic material on international law and immigration. 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Martin papers, 1973/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.98.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/292"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.98.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/292"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"creator_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference"],"creators_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference"],"acqinfo_ssim":["David A. Martin gifted these papers to the Law Library in 1998, 2001, 2015, 2016, and 2017. Kent Olsen also provided some files in 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Asylum, Right of","Emigration and immigration law -- United States","International law","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","Political refugees -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Asylum, Right of","Emigration and immigration law -- United States","International law","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","Political refugees -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42 Cubic Feet 96 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42 Cubic Feet 96 archival boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDavid A. Martin, Henry L. \u0026amp; Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation Professor of Law, was born in 1948. He received his BA from DePauw University in 1970 and his JD from Yale University in 1975. He clerked for Judge J. Skelly Wright, at the US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia from 1975-1976, and the next year for Justice Lewis F. Powell Jr. at the US Supreme Court. From 1977-1978 he worked as an associate with Rogovin, Stern \u0026amp; Huge in the District of Columbia. He left the firm to become Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs at the Department of State, a position he held from 1978-1980. Later in 1980, he came to the University of Virginia Law School as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1984-1985, he was a German Marshall Fund and Ford Foundation Research Fellow in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1995, Martin took a leave of absence from the Law School to work as General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in Washington, DC, until December 1997 when he returned to Charlottesville. Martin teaches courses in Constitutional Law, Immigration Law, and International Law.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["David A. Martin, Henry L. \u0026 Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation Professor of Law, was born in 1948. He received his BA from DePauw University in 1970 and his JD from Yale University in 1975. He clerked for Judge J. Skelly Wright, at the US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia from 1975-1976, and the next year for Justice Lewis F. Powell Jr. at the US Supreme Court. From 1977-1978 he worked as an associate with Rogovin, Stern \u0026 Huge in the District of Columbia. He left the firm to become Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs at the Department of State, a position he held from 1978-1980. Later in 1980, he came to the University of Virginia Law School as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1985.","In 1984-1985, he was a German Marshall Fund and Ford Foundation Research Fellow in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1995, Martin took a leave of absence from the Law School to work as General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in Washington, DC, until December 1997 when he returned to Charlottesville. Martin teaches courses in Constitutional Law, Immigration Law, and International Law."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe David A. Martin papers include professional and academic material on international law and immigration. The collections includes material from his work as an attorney in immigration and refugee matters, conference material, speeches, testimony; and material from his work as a professor including lecture notes, research, and administrative files.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The David A. Martin papers include professional and academic material on international law and immigration. The collections includes material from his work as an attorney in immigration and refugee matters, conference material, speeches, testimony; and material from his work as a professor including lecture notes, research, and administrative files."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference","Martin, David A., 1948-"],"persname_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference","Martin, David A., 1948-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":880,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:27.406Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_292","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_292","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_292","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_292","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_292.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/132892","title_ssm":["David A. Martin papers"],"title_tesim":["David A. Martin papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1973/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David A. Martin papers, 1973/2015"],"text":["David A. Martin papers, 1973/2015","MSS.98.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/292","Asylum, Right of","Emigration and immigration law -- United States","International law","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","Political refugees -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching","David A. Martin, Henry L. \u0026 Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation Professor of Law, was born in 1948. He received his BA from DePauw University in 1970 and his JD from Yale University in 1975. He clerked for Judge J. Skelly Wright, at the US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia from 1975-1976, and the next year for Justice Lewis F. Powell Jr. at the US Supreme Court. From 1977-1978 he worked as an associate with Rogovin, Stern \u0026 Huge in the District of Columbia. He left the firm to become Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs at the Department of State, a position he held from 1978-1980. Later in 1980, he came to the University of Virginia Law School as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1985.","In 1984-1985, he was a German Marshall Fund and Ford Foundation Research Fellow in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1995, Martin took a leave of absence from the Law School to work as General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in Washington, DC, until December 1997 when he returned to Charlottesville. Martin teaches courses in Constitutional Law, Immigration Law, and International Law.","The David A. Martin papers include professional and academic material on international law and immigration. The collections includes material from his work as an attorney in immigration and refugee matters, conference material, speeches, testimony; and material from his work as a professor including lecture notes, research, and administrative files.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference","Martin, David A., 1948-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["David A. Martin papers, 1973/2015"],"collection_ssim":["David A. Martin papers, 1973/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.98.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/292"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.98.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/292"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"creator_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference"],"creators_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference"],"acqinfo_ssim":["David A. Martin gifted these papers to the Law Library in 1998, 2001, 2015, 2016, and 2017. Kent Olsen also provided some files in 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Asylum, Right of","Emigration and immigration law -- United States","International law","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","Political refugees -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Asylum, Right of","Emigration and immigration law -- United States","International law","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","Political refugees -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42 Cubic Feet 96 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42 Cubic Feet 96 archival boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDavid A. Martin, Henry L. \u0026amp; Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation Professor of Law, was born in 1948. He received his BA from DePauw University in 1970 and his JD from Yale University in 1975. He clerked for Judge J. Skelly Wright, at the US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia from 1975-1976, and the next year for Justice Lewis F. Powell Jr. at the US Supreme Court. From 1977-1978 he worked as an associate with Rogovin, Stern \u0026amp; Huge in the District of Columbia. He left the firm to become Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs at the Department of State, a position he held from 1978-1980. Later in 1980, he came to the University of Virginia Law School as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1984-1985, he was a German Marshall Fund and Ford Foundation Research Fellow in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1995, Martin took a leave of absence from the Law School to work as General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in Washington, DC, until December 1997 when he returned to Charlottesville. Martin teaches courses in Constitutional Law, Immigration Law, and International Law.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["David A. Martin, Henry L. \u0026 Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation Professor of Law, was born in 1948. He received his BA from DePauw University in 1970 and his JD from Yale University in 1975. He clerked for Judge J. Skelly Wright, at the US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia from 1975-1976, and the next year for Justice Lewis F. Powell Jr. at the US Supreme Court. From 1977-1978 he worked as an associate with Rogovin, Stern \u0026 Huge in the District of Columbia. He left the firm to become Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs at the Department of State, a position he held from 1978-1980. Later in 1980, he came to the University of Virginia Law School as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1985.","In 1984-1985, he was a German Marshall Fund and Ford Foundation Research Fellow in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1995, Martin took a leave of absence from the Law School to work as General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in Washington, DC, until December 1997 when he returned to Charlottesville. Martin teaches courses in Constitutional Law, Immigration Law, and International Law."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe David A. Martin papers include professional and academic material on international law and immigration. The collections includes material from his work as an attorney in immigration and refugee matters, conference material, speeches, testimony; and material from his work as a professor including lecture notes, research, and administrative files.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The David A. Martin papers include professional and academic material on international law and immigration. The collections includes material from his work as an attorney in immigration and refugee matters, conference material, speeches, testimony; and material from his work as a professor including lecture notes, research, and administrative files."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference","Martin, David A., 1948-"],"persname_ssim":["Martin, David A., 1948-"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Society of International Law","United States. Administrative Conference","Martin, David A., 1948-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":880,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:27.406Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_292"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_95#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_95#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration. In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_95#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_95.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126898","title_ssm":["Edwin S. Cohen papers"],"title_tesim":["Edwin S. Cohen papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-1995","1946-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1995"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1946-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989"],"text":["Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989","MSS.87.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/95","Income tax -- Law and legislation -- United States","International business enterprises -- Taxation -- Law and legislation","Law  -- Study and teaching","Mutual funds -- United States","Taxation -- Law and legislation -- United States","Value-added tax","Corporations -- Taxation","Notebooks","to some of the material in Series VII may be restricted. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.","Edwin S. Cohen was born in Richmond, Virginia, on 27 September 1914. He grew up in that city and at age fifteen entered the University of Richmond. Three years later he entered law school at the University of Virginia, where he was an excellent student and served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review. He received his law degree in 1936, before his twenty-first birthday.","After law school, Cohen went to New York and worked from 1936 to 1949 as an associate with Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. There he began to specialize in taxation and investment matters, and afterward gave lectures on the subjects. In 1949 he formed the firm Root, Barrett, Cohen, Knapp and Smith with some of his former law classmates, and continued doing tax work for the mutual fund industry. He remained with that practice until 1965.","Cohen had always been interested in teaching, and in 1963 Dean Hardy Dillard offered him the opportunity to teach law at his alma mater. For two terms he commuted from New York City to Charlottesville twice a month to teach a tax course. After the second course, he was offered a visiting professorship and, a year later, an appointment to the faculty. In 1968, he was named to the Joseph M. Hartfield Chair.","In 1969, the Nixon administration designated Cohen Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy to work with Secretary of Treasury David M. Kennedy and Under Secretary Charles E. Walker. In 1972, he was appointed Under Secretary of the Treasury, serving in that position until his resignation in 1973.","After his stint in the Treasury Department, Cohen resumed teaching at Virginia and practicing law with Covington \u0026 Burling in Washington, D.C. Later, he became partner and senior counselor at the firm until his retirement in 1986.","Cohen served on numerous committees, task forces, councils, and clubs throughout his career. From the early 1950s, he acted as consultant in various tax matters for the American Law Institute. In 1956, he became part of a seven-member advisory group for the House Ways and Means Committee to consider the revision of the corporate tax rules in the federal tax law. He drafted a revised statute and a report explaining the group's recommendations for corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts, and tax administration.","As a young tax lawyer in New York, he was part of the Tax Forum, a group of junior tax lawyers that presented papers on tax subjects once a month. Later, as a senior lawyer, he was a member of the Tax Club. His participation in the work of the ABA included membership in the Section of Taxation, of which he became chairman in 1956 and member of the governing council in 1958. In the 1960s, he served on a number of federal advisory groups or task forces: in 1965, President Johnson's Task Force to Improve the World-Wide Competitive Effectiveness of American Business; in 1967, the advisory group for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; and in 1968, the Task Force on Federal Tax Policy to make recommendations to President-elect Nixon. Between 1968-1971 he worked with the legislators of Virginia, first as a counselor for the Virginia Income Tax Commission, and later as a member of the Virginia Income Tax Conformity Study Commission. In addition, Cohen was a member of the American College Tax Counsel, American Judicature Society, D.C. Bar Association, New York State Bar Association, Order of the Coif, Raven Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Epsilon, and Phi Epsilon Pi, among many others.\n  \n  Mr. Cohen died on January 12, 2006.","The vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration.  In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.","The organization of the collection reflects its original folder headings and arrangement, as well as the sequence in which it was transferred to the library.  The files are divided in eight series:  the first six relate to Cohen's tenure in the Treasury Department; the seventh concerns teaching and law practice in general; and the eighth (and earliest) series of documents concerns the area of his law practice devoted to the mutual fund industry.","There are no restrictions.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","National Association of Investment Companies (U.S.)","Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.87.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/95"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.87.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/95"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006"],"creator_ssim":["Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","National Association of Investment Companies (U.S.)"],"creators_ssim":["Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","National Association of Investment Companies (U.S.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Edwin S. Cohen began donating his papers to the Law Library in 1987. The addendum, 4a, was gifted by his daughter Wendy S. Cohen in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Income tax -- Law and legislation -- United States","International business enterprises -- Taxation -- Law and legislation","Law  -- Study and teaching","Mutual funds -- United States","Taxation -- Law and legislation -- United States","Value-added tax","Corporations -- Taxation","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Income tax -- Law and legislation -- United States","International business enterprises -- Taxation -- Law and legislation","Law  -- Study and teaching","Mutual funds -- United States","Taxation -- Law and legislation -- United States","Value-added tax","Corporations -- Taxation","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Linear Feet 160 boxes and 2 cartons"],"extent_tesim":["72 Linear Feet 160 boxes and 2 cartons"],"genreform_ssim":["Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eto some of the material in Series VII may be restricted. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["to some of the material in Series VII may be restricted. Otherwise, there are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdwin S. Cohen was born in Richmond, Virginia, on 27 September 1914. He grew up in that city and at age fifteen entered the University of Richmond. Three years later he entered law school at the University of Virginia, where he was an excellent student and served on the editorial board of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e. He received his law degree in 1936, before his twenty-first birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  After law school, Cohen went to New York and worked from 1936 to 1949 as an associate with Sullivan \u0026amp; Cromwell. There he began to specialize in taxation and investment matters, and afterward gave lectures on the subjects. In 1949 he formed the firm Root, Barrett, Cohen, Knapp and Smith with some of his former law classmates, and continued doing tax work for the mutual fund industry. He remained with that practice until 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Cohen had always been interested in teaching, and in 1963 Dean Hardy Dillard offered him the opportunity to teach law at his alma mater. For two terms he commuted from New York City to Charlottesville twice a month to teach a tax course. After the second course, he was offered a visiting professorship and, a year later, an appointment to the faculty. In 1968, he was named to the Joseph M. Hartfield Chair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In 1969, the Nixon administration designated Cohen Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy to work with Secretary of Treasury David M. Kennedy and Under Secretary Charles E. Walker. In 1972, he was appointed Under Secretary of the Treasury, serving in that position until his resignation in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  After his stint in the Treasury Department, Cohen resumed teaching at Virginia and practicing law with Covington \u0026amp; Burling in Washington, D.C. Later, he became partner and senior counselor at the firm until his retirement in 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Cohen served on numerous committees, task forces, councils, and clubs throughout his career. From the early 1950s, he acted as consultant in various tax matters for the American Law Institute. In 1956, he became part of a seven-member advisory group for the House Ways and Means Committee to consider the revision of the corporate tax rules in the federal tax law. He drafted a revised statute and a report explaining the group's recommendations for corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts, and tax administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  As a young tax lawyer in New York, he was part of the Tax Forum, a group of junior tax lawyers that presented papers on tax subjects once a month. Later, as a senior lawyer, he was a member of the Tax Club. His participation in the work of the ABA included membership in the Section of Taxation, of which he became chairman in 1956 and member of the governing council in 1958. In the 1960s, he served on a number of federal advisory groups or task forces: in 1965, President Johnson's Task Force to Improve the World-Wide Competitive Effectiveness of American Business; in 1967, the advisory group for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; and in 1968, the Task Force on Federal Tax Policy to make recommendations to President-elect Nixon. Between 1968-1971 he worked with the legislators of Virginia, first as a counselor for the Virginia Income Tax Commission, and later as a member of the Virginia Income Tax Conformity Study Commission. In addition, Cohen was a member of the American College Tax Counsel, American Judicature Society, D.C. Bar Association, New York State Bar Association, Order of the Coif, Raven Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Epsilon, and Phi Epsilon Pi, among many others.\n  \n  Mr. Cohen died on January 12, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edwin S. Cohen was born in Richmond, Virginia, on 27 September 1914. He grew up in that city and at age fifteen entered the University of Richmond. Three years later he entered law school at the University of Virginia, where he was an excellent student and served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review. He received his law degree in 1936, before his twenty-first birthday.","After law school, Cohen went to New York and worked from 1936 to 1949 as an associate with Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. There he began to specialize in taxation and investment matters, and afterward gave lectures on the subjects. In 1949 he formed the firm Root, Barrett, Cohen, Knapp and Smith with some of his former law classmates, and continued doing tax work for the mutual fund industry. He remained with that practice until 1965.","Cohen had always been interested in teaching, and in 1963 Dean Hardy Dillard offered him the opportunity to teach law at his alma mater. For two terms he commuted from New York City to Charlottesville twice a month to teach a tax course. After the second course, he was offered a visiting professorship and, a year later, an appointment to the faculty. In 1968, he was named to the Joseph M. Hartfield Chair.","In 1969, the Nixon administration designated Cohen Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy to work with Secretary of Treasury David M. Kennedy and Under Secretary Charles E. Walker. In 1972, he was appointed Under Secretary of the Treasury, serving in that position until his resignation in 1973.","After his stint in the Treasury Department, Cohen resumed teaching at Virginia and practicing law with Covington \u0026 Burling in Washington, D.C. Later, he became partner and senior counselor at the firm until his retirement in 1986.","Cohen served on numerous committees, task forces, councils, and clubs throughout his career. From the early 1950s, he acted as consultant in various tax matters for the American Law Institute. In 1956, he became part of a seven-member advisory group for the House Ways and Means Committee to consider the revision of the corporate tax rules in the federal tax law. He drafted a revised statute and a report explaining the group's recommendations for corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts, and tax administration.","As a young tax lawyer in New York, he was part of the Tax Forum, a group of junior tax lawyers that presented papers on tax subjects once a month. Later, as a senior lawyer, he was a member of the Tax Club. His participation in the work of the ABA included membership in the Section of Taxation, of which he became chairman in 1956 and member of the governing council in 1958. In the 1960s, he served on a number of federal advisory groups or task forces: in 1965, President Johnson's Task Force to Improve the World-Wide Competitive Effectiveness of American Business; in 1967, the advisory group for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; and in 1968, the Task Force on Federal Tax Policy to make recommendations to President-elect Nixon. Between 1968-1971 he worked with the legislators of Virginia, first as a counselor for the Virginia Income Tax Commission, and later as a member of the Virginia Income Tax Conformity Study Commission. In addition, Cohen was a member of the American College Tax Counsel, American Judicature Society, D.C. Bar Association, New York State Bar Association, Order of the Coif, Raven Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Epsilon, and Phi Epsilon Pi, among many others.\n  \n  Mr. Cohen died on January 12, 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration.  In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe organization of the collection reflects its original folder headings and arrangement, as well as the sequence in which it was transferred to the library.  The files are divided in eight series:  the first six relate to Cohen's tenure in the Treasury Department; the seventh concerns teaching and law practice in general; and the eighth (and earliest) series of documents concerns the area of his law practice devoted to the mutual fund industry.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration.  In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.","The organization of the collection reflects its original folder headings and arrangement, as well as the sequence in which it was transferred to the library.  The files are divided in eight series:  the first six relate to Cohen's tenure in the Treasury Department; the seventh concerns teaching and law practice in general; and the eighth (and earliest) series of documents concerns the area of his law practice devoted to the mutual fund industry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","National Association of Investment Companies (U.S.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","National Association of Investment Companies (U.S.)","Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006"],"persname_ssim":["Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","National Association of Investment Companies (U.S.)","Cohen, Edwin S., 1914-2006"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1007,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-15T00:04:49.439Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_95","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_95.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126898","title_ssm":["Edwin S. Cohen papers"],"title_tesim":["Edwin S. Cohen papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-1995","1946-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1995"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1946-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989"],"text":["Edwin S. Cohen papers, 1924/1995, bulk 1946/1989","MSS.87.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/95","Income tax -- Law and legislation -- United States","International business enterprises -- Taxation -- Law and legislation","Law  -- Study and teaching","Mutual funds -- United States","Taxation -- Law and legislation -- United States","Value-added tax","Corporations -- Taxation","Notebooks","to some of the material in Series VII may be restricted. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.","Edwin S. Cohen was born in Richmond, Virginia, on 27 September 1914. He grew up in that city and at age fifteen entered the University of Richmond. Three years later he entered law school at the University of Virginia, where he was an excellent student and served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review. He received his law degree in 1936, before his twenty-first birthday.","After law school, Cohen went to New York and worked from 1936 to 1949 as an associate with Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. There he began to specialize in taxation and investment matters, and afterward gave lectures on the subjects. In 1949 he formed the firm Root, Barrett, Cohen, Knapp and Smith with some of his former law classmates, and continued doing tax work for the mutual fund industry. He remained with that practice until 1965.","Cohen had always been interested in teaching, and in 1963 Dean Hardy Dillard offered him the opportunity to teach law at his alma mater. For two terms he commuted from New York City to Charlottesville twice a month to teach a tax course. After the second course, he was offered a visiting professorship and, a year later, an appointment to the faculty. In 1968, he was named to the Joseph M. Hartfield Chair.","In 1969, the Nixon administration designated Cohen Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy to work with Secretary of Treasury David M. Kennedy and Under Secretary Charles E. Walker. In 1972, he was appointed Under Secretary of the Treasury, serving in that position until his resignation in 1973.","After his stint in the Treasury Department, Cohen resumed teaching at Virginia and practicing law with Covington \u0026 Burling in Washington, D.C. Later, he became partner and senior counselor at the firm until his retirement in 1986.","Cohen served on numerous committees, task forces, councils, and clubs throughout his career. From the early 1950s, he acted as consultant in various tax matters for the American Law Institute. In 1956, he became part of a seven-member advisory group for the House Ways and Means Committee to consider the revision of the corporate tax rules in the federal tax law. He drafted a revised statute and a report explaining the group's recommendations for corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts, and tax administration.","As a young tax lawyer in New York, he was part of the Tax Forum, a group of junior tax lawyers that presented papers on tax subjects once a month. Later, as a senior lawyer, he was a member of the Tax Club. His participation in the work of the ABA included membership in the Section of Taxation, of which he became chairman in 1956 and member of the governing council in 1958. In the 1960s, he served on a number of federal advisory groups or task forces: in 1965, President Johnson's Task Force to Improve the World-Wide Competitive Effectiveness of American Business; in 1967, the advisory group for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; and in 1968, the Task Force on Federal Tax Policy to make recommendations to President-elect Nixon. Between 1968-1971 he worked with the legislators of Virginia, first as a counselor for the Virginia Income Tax Commission, and later as a member of the Virginia Income Tax Conformity Study Commission. In addition, Cohen was a member of the American College Tax Counsel, American Judicature Society, D.C. Bar Association, New York State Bar Association, Order of the Coif, Raven Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Epsilon, and Phi Epsilon Pi, among many others.\n  \n  Mr. Cohen died on January 12, 2006.","The vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration.  In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.","The organization of the collection reflects its original folder headings and arrangement, as well as the sequence in which it was transferred to the library.  The files are divided in eight series:  the first six relate to Cohen's tenure in the Treasury Department; the seventh concerns teaching and law practice in general; and the eighth (and earliest) series of documents concerns the area of his law practice devoted to the mutual fund industry.","There are no restrictions.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. 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Cohen in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Income tax -- Law and legislation -- United States","International business enterprises -- Taxation -- Law and legislation","Law  -- Study and teaching","Mutual funds -- United States","Taxation -- Law and legislation -- United States","Value-added tax","Corporations -- Taxation","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Income tax -- Law and legislation -- United States","International business enterprises -- Taxation -- Law and legislation","Law  -- Study and teaching","Mutual funds -- United States","Taxation -- Law and legislation -- United States","Value-added tax","Corporations -- Taxation","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Linear Feet 160 boxes and 2 cartons"],"extent_tesim":["72 Linear Feet 160 boxes and 2 cartons"],"genreform_ssim":["Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eto some of the material in Series VII may be restricted. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["to some of the material in Series VII may be restricted. Otherwise, there are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdwin S. Cohen was born in Richmond, Virginia, on 27 September 1914. He grew up in that city and at age fifteen entered the University of Richmond. Three years later he entered law school at the University of Virginia, where he was an excellent student and served on the editorial board of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e. He received his law degree in 1936, before his twenty-first birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  After law school, Cohen went to New York and worked from 1936 to 1949 as an associate with Sullivan \u0026amp; Cromwell. There he began to specialize in taxation and investment matters, and afterward gave lectures on the subjects. In 1949 he formed the firm Root, Barrett, Cohen, Knapp and Smith with some of his former law classmates, and continued doing tax work for the mutual fund industry. He remained with that practice until 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Cohen had always been interested in teaching, and in 1963 Dean Hardy Dillard offered him the opportunity to teach law at his alma mater. For two terms he commuted from New York City to Charlottesville twice a month to teach a tax course. After the second course, he was offered a visiting professorship and, a year later, an appointment to the faculty. In 1968, he was named to the Joseph M. Hartfield Chair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In 1969, the Nixon administration designated Cohen Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy to work with Secretary of Treasury David M. Kennedy and Under Secretary Charles E. Walker. In 1972, he was appointed Under Secretary of the Treasury, serving in that position until his resignation in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  After his stint in the Treasury Department, Cohen resumed teaching at Virginia and practicing law with Covington \u0026amp; Burling in Washington, D.C. Later, he became partner and senior counselor at the firm until his retirement in 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Cohen served on numerous committees, task forces, councils, and clubs throughout his career. From the early 1950s, he acted as consultant in various tax matters for the American Law Institute. In 1956, he became part of a seven-member advisory group for the House Ways and Means Committee to consider the revision of the corporate tax rules in the federal tax law. He drafted a revised statute and a report explaining the group's recommendations for corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts, and tax administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  As a young tax lawyer in New York, he was part of the Tax Forum, a group of junior tax lawyers that presented papers on tax subjects once a month. Later, as a senior lawyer, he was a member of the Tax Club. His participation in the work of the ABA included membership in the Section of Taxation, of which he became chairman in 1956 and member of the governing council in 1958. In the 1960s, he served on a number of federal advisory groups or task forces: in 1965, President Johnson's Task Force to Improve the World-Wide Competitive Effectiveness of American Business; in 1967, the advisory group for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; and in 1968, the Task Force on Federal Tax Policy to make recommendations to President-elect Nixon. Between 1968-1971 he worked with the legislators of Virginia, first as a counselor for the Virginia Income Tax Commission, and later as a member of the Virginia Income Tax Conformity Study Commission. In addition, Cohen was a member of the American College Tax Counsel, American Judicature Society, D.C. Bar Association, New York State Bar Association, Order of the Coif, Raven Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Epsilon, and Phi Epsilon Pi, among many others.\n  \n  Mr. Cohen died on January 12, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edwin S. Cohen was born in Richmond, Virginia, on 27 September 1914. He grew up in that city and at age fifteen entered the University of Richmond. Three years later he entered law school at the University of Virginia, where he was an excellent student and served on the editorial board of the Virginia Law Review. He received his law degree in 1936, before his twenty-first birthday.","After law school, Cohen went to New York and worked from 1936 to 1949 as an associate with Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. There he began to specialize in taxation and investment matters, and afterward gave lectures on the subjects. In 1949 he formed the firm Root, Barrett, Cohen, Knapp and Smith with some of his former law classmates, and continued doing tax work for the mutual fund industry. He remained with that practice until 1965.","Cohen had always been interested in teaching, and in 1963 Dean Hardy Dillard offered him the opportunity to teach law at his alma mater. For two terms he commuted from New York City to Charlottesville twice a month to teach a tax course. After the second course, he was offered a visiting professorship and, a year later, an appointment to the faculty. In 1968, he was named to the Joseph M. Hartfield Chair.","In 1969, the Nixon administration designated Cohen Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy to work with Secretary of Treasury David M. Kennedy and Under Secretary Charles E. Walker. In 1972, he was appointed Under Secretary of the Treasury, serving in that position until his resignation in 1973.","After his stint in the Treasury Department, Cohen resumed teaching at Virginia and practicing law with Covington \u0026 Burling in Washington, D.C. Later, he became partner and senior counselor at the firm until his retirement in 1986.","Cohen served on numerous committees, task forces, councils, and clubs throughout his career. From the early 1950s, he acted as consultant in various tax matters for the American Law Institute. In 1956, he became part of a seven-member advisory group for the House Ways and Means Committee to consider the revision of the corporate tax rules in the federal tax law. He drafted a revised statute and a report explaining the group's recommendations for corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts, and tax administration.","As a young tax lawyer in New York, he was part of the Tax Forum, a group of junior tax lawyers that presented papers on tax subjects once a month. Later, as a senior lawyer, he was a member of the Tax Club. His participation in the work of the ABA included membership in the Section of Taxation, of which he became chairman in 1956 and member of the governing council in 1958. In the 1960s, he served on a number of federal advisory groups or task forces: in 1965, President Johnson's Task Force to Improve the World-Wide Competitive Effectiveness of American Business; in 1967, the advisory group for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue; and in 1968, the Task Force on Federal Tax Policy to make recommendations to President-elect Nixon. Between 1968-1971 he worked with the legislators of Virginia, first as a counselor for the Virginia Income Tax Commission, and later as a member of the Virginia Income Tax Conformity Study Commission. In addition, Cohen was a member of the American College Tax Counsel, American Judicature Society, D.C. Bar Association, New York State Bar Association, Order of the Coif, Raven Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Epsilon, and Phi Epsilon Pi, among many others.\n  \n  Mr. Cohen died on January 12, 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration.  In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe organization of the collection reflects its original folder headings and arrangement, as well as the sequence in which it was transferred to the library.  The files are divided in eight series:  the first six relate to Cohen's tenure in the Treasury Department; the seventh concerns teaching and law practice in general; and the eighth (and earliest) series of documents concerns the area of his law practice devoted to the mutual fund industry.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The vast majority of the Edwin S. Cohen papers document his position as assistant secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy and as under secretary of the Treasury for the Nixon administration.  In addition there is considerable documentation of his work in private practice in New York and Washington, DC, and teaching at UVA Law.","The organization of the collection reflects its original folder headings and arrangement, as well as the sequence in which it was transferred to the library.  The files are divided in eight series:  the first six relate to Cohen's tenure in the Treasury Department; the seventh concerns teaching and law practice in general; and the eighth (and earliest) series of documents concerns the area of his law practice devoted to the mutual fund industry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","United States. Department of Treasury","United States. Department of Treasury. 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Spies papers, 1936/1992","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_646#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_646#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e The papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_646#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_646.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/107698","title_ssm":["Emerson G. Spies papers"],"title_tesim":["Emerson G. Spies papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emerson G. Spies papers, 1936/1992"],"text":["Emerson G. Spies papers, 1936/1992","MSS.91.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/646","Law schools -- Admission","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law School Admission Test","Emerson George Spies was born 6 November 1914 in Akron, New York. He attended Hobart College, where he excelled as a scholar and athlete, and graduated summa cum laude in 1936. As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University, earned a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1938 and a Bachelor of Civil Law in 1939, and was awarded the academic honor of \"double first.\" When he returned to the United States, Spies spent two years at the University of Chicago Law School as a Tutorial Fellow, and in 1941 moved to New York City to practice with the firm of Mudge, Stern, Williams, and Tucker. He joined the U.S. Army in 1943, and after receiving a commission at the Judge Advocate General's School at the University of Michigan, he stayed on to become an instructor. While there he became acquainted with Lt. Col. Jack Ritchie, head of the School of Military Justice and professor on leave from the University of Virginia School of Law. Ritchie was largely responsible for Spies' joining the law faculty at Virginia after the war was over.","Spies was hired as assistant professor in 1946 and was appointed associate professor in 1947 and professor in 1950. He held the Joseph M. Hartfield Professorship from 1967 to 1976, and the Mary and Daniel Loughran Professorship from 1976 to 1985. A specialist in real property and real estate finance, from 1947 through 1961 he taught property to every first-year law student, and from that time on to retirement, taught at least one first-year section of property. At the time of his death, it was noted that Spies had taught half of the Law School's 13,000 graduates. He was a dynamic, caring teacher who was loved and fondly remembered by his students.","As soon as he joined the faculty, Spies was asked to help with the admissions program at the Law School. With characteristic energy and enthusiasm, he became deeply involved in the admissions process and conducted it almost singlehandedly for twenty years while teaching a full course load.","Accompanying his work in admissions at Virginia was Spies' involvement in the development of the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT). In 1947 he, along with representatives of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania, formed the Law School Admissions Council which spawned the LSAT. From 1963 to 1966 Spies was head of the council and served on its Board of Trustees until the year of his death. In addition he served on the Association of American Law Schools' Committee on Pre-Legal Education and Admissions, the Accreditation Committee, and the Committee on Admissions to the Bar.","Spies exerted strong leadership at the Law School in other ways. For ten years he served as chair of the Appointments Committee which attracted a number of outstanding faculty members. Over the years he sponsored many student organizations and journals. In 1976 he became acting dean at the Law School and later that year was appointed dean, a position he held until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1980. During his deanship, Walter L. Brown Hall or Phase II of the North Grounds building was completed, funded entirely by private money. As dean he strengthened the school's ties with its alumni and exerted strong leadership in fund-raising for faculty research and scholarships.","In 1984, in recognition of his many contributions to the Law School and University, but especially for his excellence in teaching, Spies was presented the University's Thomas Jefferson Award. Upon his retirement from teaching in 1985, the alumni created the Emerson G. Spies Professorship which was first held by John Calvin Jeffries, Jr., beloved student and later colleague and close friend of Spies.","Spies married his first wife, Mary Ethel Bell, in 1940, and they had three children, Sally, Richard, and Margaret. Mary Ethel died of cancer in 1966, and in 1972, Spies married Julia Field Sobbott, who brought to the marriage her four young children, Richard, Laura, Daniel, and Wes. In addition to his devotion to his large family and to the Law School, Spies was an avid tennis player and gardener. He planned, selected the plants, planted and tended a woodland garden at the Law School which was later named for him. He died of complications of heart disease on September 24, 1990.","The papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence.","The collection is arranged in alphabetical order; however, it can be subdivided into three primary categories: Law School-related material, personal correspondence and lectures, and records concerning activity outside the realm of the Law School.","Included among materials related to the Law School are records from Spies' time as Dean of Admissions and his involvement with the Admissions Committee. Also included are materials stemming from his service on the Appointments Committee with are sparse in places but cover 1966 to 1983. Spies' involvement with the Law School Foundation and Alumni Council is documented for his years of service after leaving the deanship, from 1980 to 1990. The collection contains 13 folders of personal correspondence. Lecture notes are also included, primarily for speeches given outside the Law School. The third subdivision of this collection is a variety of materials documenting Spies' involvement with associations outside of the Law School. There are materials from the American Association of Law Schools, particularly concerning the Nominations and Pre-Legal Education Committees. There is an extensive amount of material concerning the Law School Admission Council and the development and administration of the Law School Admission Test. Finally in this category is material concerning the American Bar Association and the Virginia State Bar.","Spies' deanship is documented in the Records of the Dean's Office, RG 100-88.","Arthur J. 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Spies papers, 1936/1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.91.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/646"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.91.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/646"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"creator_ssim":["Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creators_ssim":["Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These files were transferred to the archives from storage between ca. 1989-1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Law schools -- Admission","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law School Admission Test"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Law schools -- Admission","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law School Admission Test"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["31 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["31 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nEmerson George Spies was born 6 November 1914 in Akron, New York. He attended Hobart College, where he excelled as a scholar and athlete, and graduated summa cum laude in 1936. As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University, earned a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1938 and a Bachelor of Civil Law in 1939, and was awarded the academic honor of \"double first.\" When he returned to the United States, Spies spent two years at the University of Chicago Law School as a Tutorial Fellow, and in 1941 moved to New York City to practice with the firm of Mudge, Stern, Williams, and Tucker. He joined the U.S. Army in 1943, and after receiving a commission at the Judge Advocate General's School at the University of Michigan, he stayed on to become an instructor. While there he became acquainted with Lt. Col. Jack Ritchie, head of the School of Military Justice and professor on leave from the University of Virginia School of Law. Ritchie was largely responsible for Spies' joining the law faculty at Virginia after the war was over.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies was hired as assistant professor in 1946 and was appointed associate professor in 1947 and professor in 1950. He held the Joseph M. Hartfield Professorship from 1967 to 1976, and the Mary and Daniel Loughran Professorship from 1976 to 1985. A specialist in real property and real estate finance, from 1947 through 1961 he taught property to every first-year law student, and from that time on to retirement, taught at least one first-year section of property. At the time of his death, it was noted that Spies had taught half of the Law School's 13,000 graduates. He was a dynamic, caring teacher who was loved and fondly remembered by his students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs soon as he joined the faculty, Spies was asked to help with the admissions program at the Law School. With characteristic energy and enthusiasm, he became deeply involved in the admissions process and conducted it almost singlehandedly for twenty years while teaching a full course load.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccompanying his work in admissions at Virginia was Spies' involvement in the development of the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT). In 1947 he, along with representatives of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania, formed the Law School Admissions Council which spawned the LSAT. From 1963 to 1966 Spies was head of the council and served on its Board of Trustees until the year of his death. In addition he served on the Association of American Law Schools' Committee on Pre-Legal Education and Admissions, the Accreditation Committee, and the Committee on Admissions to the Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies exerted strong leadership at the Law School in other ways. For ten years he served as chair of the Appointments Committee which attracted a number of outstanding faculty members. Over the years he sponsored many student organizations and journals. In 1976 he became acting dean at the Law School and later that year was appointed dean, a position he held until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1980. During his deanship, Walter L. Brown Hall or Phase II of the North Grounds building was completed, funded entirely by private money. As dean he strengthened the school's ties with its alumni and exerted strong leadership in fund-raising for faculty research and scholarships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1984, in recognition of his many contributions to the Law School and University, but especially for his excellence in teaching, Spies was presented the University's Thomas Jefferson Award. Upon his retirement from teaching in 1985, the alumni created the Emerson G. Spies Professorship which was first held by John Calvin Jeffries, Jr., beloved student and later colleague and close friend of Spies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies married his first wife, Mary Ethel Bell, in 1940, and they had three children, Sally, Richard, and Margaret. Mary Ethel died of cancer in 1966, and in 1972, Spies married Julia Field Sobbott, who brought to the marriage her four young children, Richard, Laura, Daniel, and Wes. In addition to his devotion to his large family and to the Law School, Spies was an avid tennis player and gardener. He planned, selected the plants, planted and tended a woodland garden at the Law School which was later named for him. He died of complications of heart disease on September 24, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emerson George Spies was born 6 November 1914 in Akron, New York. He attended Hobart College, where he excelled as a scholar and athlete, and graduated summa cum laude in 1936. As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University, earned a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1938 and a Bachelor of Civil Law in 1939, and was awarded the academic honor of \"double first.\" When he returned to the United States, Spies spent two years at the University of Chicago Law School as a Tutorial Fellow, and in 1941 moved to New York City to practice with the firm of Mudge, Stern, Williams, and Tucker. He joined the U.S. Army in 1943, and after receiving a commission at the Judge Advocate General's School at the University of Michigan, he stayed on to become an instructor. While there he became acquainted with Lt. Col. Jack Ritchie, head of the School of Military Justice and professor on leave from the University of Virginia School of Law. Ritchie was largely responsible for Spies' joining the law faculty at Virginia after the war was over.","Spies was hired as assistant professor in 1946 and was appointed associate professor in 1947 and professor in 1950. He held the Joseph M. Hartfield Professorship from 1967 to 1976, and the Mary and Daniel Loughran Professorship from 1976 to 1985. A specialist in real property and real estate finance, from 1947 through 1961 he taught property to every first-year law student, and from that time on to retirement, taught at least one first-year section of property. At the time of his death, it was noted that Spies had taught half of the Law School's 13,000 graduates. He was a dynamic, caring teacher who was loved and fondly remembered by his students.","As soon as he joined the faculty, Spies was asked to help with the admissions program at the Law School. With characteristic energy and enthusiasm, he became deeply involved in the admissions process and conducted it almost singlehandedly for twenty years while teaching a full course load.","Accompanying his work in admissions at Virginia was Spies' involvement in the development of the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT). In 1947 he, along with representatives of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania, formed the Law School Admissions Council which spawned the LSAT. From 1963 to 1966 Spies was head of the council and served on its Board of Trustees until the year of his death. In addition he served on the Association of American Law Schools' Committee on Pre-Legal Education and Admissions, the Accreditation Committee, and the Committee on Admissions to the Bar.","Spies exerted strong leadership at the Law School in other ways. For ten years he served as chair of the Appointments Committee which attracted a number of outstanding faculty members. Over the years he sponsored many student organizations and journals. In 1976 he became acting dean at the Law School and later that year was appointed dean, a position he held until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1980. During his deanship, Walter L. Brown Hall or Phase II of the North Grounds building was completed, funded entirely by private money. As dean he strengthened the school's ties with its alumni and exerted strong leadership in fund-raising for faculty research and scholarships.","In 1984, in recognition of his many contributions to the Law School and University, but especially for his excellence in teaching, Spies was presented the University's Thomas Jefferson Award. Upon his retirement from teaching in 1985, the alumni created the Emerson G. Spies Professorship which was first held by John Calvin Jeffries, Jr., beloved student and later colleague and close friend of Spies.","Spies married his first wife, Mary Ethel Bell, in 1940, and they had three children, Sally, Richard, and Margaret. Mary Ethel died of cancer in 1966, and in 1972, Spies married Julia Field Sobbott, who brought to the marriage her four young children, Richard, Laura, Daniel, and Wes. In addition to his devotion to his large family and to the Law School, Spies was an avid tennis player and gardener. He planned, selected the plants, planted and tended a woodland garden at the Law School which was later named for him. He died of complications of heart disease on September 24, 1990."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in alphabetical order; however, it can be subdivided into three primary categories: Law School-related material, personal correspondence and lectures, and records concerning activity outside the realm of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded among materials related to the Law School are records from Spies' time as Dean of Admissions and his involvement with the Admissions Committee. Also included are materials stemming from his service on the Appointments Committee with are sparse in places but cover 1966 to 1983. Spies' involvement with the Law School Foundation and Alumni Council is documented for his years of service after leaving the deanship, from 1980 to 1990. The collection contains 13 folders of personal correspondence. Lecture notes are also included, primarily for speeches given outside the Law School. The third subdivision of this collection is a variety of materials documenting Spies' involvement with associations outside of the Law School. There are materials from the American Association of Law Schools, particularly concerning the Nominations and Pre-Legal Education Committees. There is an extensive amount of material concerning the Law School Admission Council and the development and administration of the Law School Admission Test. Finally in this category is material concerning the American Bar Association and the Virginia State Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies' deanship is documented in the Records of the Dean's Office, RG 100-88.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence.","The collection is arranged in alphabetical order; however, it can be subdivided into three primary categories: Law School-related material, personal correspondence and lectures, and records concerning activity outside the realm of the Law School.","Included among materials related to the Law School are records from Spies' time as Dean of Admissions and his involvement with the Admissions Committee. Also included are materials stemming from his service on the Appointments Committee with are sparse in places but cover 1966 to 1983. Spies' involvement with the Law School Foundation and Alumni Council is documented for his years of service after leaving the deanship, from 1980 to 1990. The collection contains 13 folders of personal correspondence. Lecture notes are also included, primarily for speeches given outside the Law School. The third subdivision of this collection is a variety of materials documenting Spies' involvement with associations outside of the Law School. There are materials from the American Association of Law Schools, particularly concerning the Nominations and Pre-Legal Education Committees. There is an extensive amount of material concerning the Law School Admission Council and the development and administration of the Law School Admission Test. Finally in this category is material concerning the American Bar Association and the Virginia State Bar.","Spies' deanship is documented in the Records of the Dean's Office, RG 100-88."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"names_coll_ssim":["Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law","Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"persname_ssim":["Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law","Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":112,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:37.886Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_646","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_646.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/107698","title_ssm":["Emerson G. Spies papers"],"title_tesim":["Emerson G. Spies papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emerson G. Spies papers, 1936/1992"],"text":["Emerson G. Spies papers, 1936/1992","MSS.91.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/646","Law schools -- Admission","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law School Admission Test","Emerson George Spies was born 6 November 1914 in Akron, New York. He attended Hobart College, where he excelled as a scholar and athlete, and graduated summa cum laude in 1936. As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University, earned a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1938 and a Bachelor of Civil Law in 1939, and was awarded the academic honor of \"double first.\" When he returned to the United States, Spies spent two years at the University of Chicago Law School as a Tutorial Fellow, and in 1941 moved to New York City to practice with the firm of Mudge, Stern, Williams, and Tucker. He joined the U.S. Army in 1943, and after receiving a commission at the Judge Advocate General's School at the University of Michigan, he stayed on to become an instructor. While there he became acquainted with Lt. Col. Jack Ritchie, head of the School of Military Justice and professor on leave from the University of Virginia School of Law. Ritchie was largely responsible for Spies' joining the law faculty at Virginia after the war was over.","Spies was hired as assistant professor in 1946 and was appointed associate professor in 1947 and professor in 1950. He held the Joseph M. Hartfield Professorship from 1967 to 1976, and the Mary and Daniel Loughran Professorship from 1976 to 1985. A specialist in real property and real estate finance, from 1947 through 1961 he taught property to every first-year law student, and from that time on to retirement, taught at least one first-year section of property. At the time of his death, it was noted that Spies had taught half of the Law School's 13,000 graduates. He was a dynamic, caring teacher who was loved and fondly remembered by his students.","As soon as he joined the faculty, Spies was asked to help with the admissions program at the Law School. With characteristic energy and enthusiasm, he became deeply involved in the admissions process and conducted it almost singlehandedly for twenty years while teaching a full course load.","Accompanying his work in admissions at Virginia was Spies' involvement in the development of the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT). In 1947 he, along with representatives of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania, formed the Law School Admissions Council which spawned the LSAT. From 1963 to 1966 Spies was head of the council and served on its Board of Trustees until the year of his death. In addition he served on the Association of American Law Schools' Committee on Pre-Legal Education and Admissions, the Accreditation Committee, and the Committee on Admissions to the Bar.","Spies exerted strong leadership at the Law School in other ways. For ten years he served as chair of the Appointments Committee which attracted a number of outstanding faculty members. Over the years he sponsored many student organizations and journals. In 1976 he became acting dean at the Law School and later that year was appointed dean, a position he held until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1980. During his deanship, Walter L. Brown Hall or Phase II of the North Grounds building was completed, funded entirely by private money. As dean he strengthened the school's ties with its alumni and exerted strong leadership in fund-raising for faculty research and scholarships.","In 1984, in recognition of his many contributions to the Law School and University, but especially for his excellence in teaching, Spies was presented the University's Thomas Jefferson Award. Upon his retirement from teaching in 1985, the alumni created the Emerson G. Spies Professorship which was first held by John Calvin Jeffries, Jr., beloved student and later colleague and close friend of Spies.","Spies married his first wife, Mary Ethel Bell, in 1940, and they had three children, Sally, Richard, and Margaret. Mary Ethel died of cancer in 1966, and in 1972, Spies married Julia Field Sobbott, who brought to the marriage her four young children, Richard, Laura, Daniel, and Wes. In addition to his devotion to his large family and to the Law School, Spies was an avid tennis player and gardener. He planned, selected the plants, planted and tended a woodland garden at the Law School which was later named for him. He died of complications of heart disease on September 24, 1990.","The papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence.","The collection is arranged in alphabetical order; however, it can be subdivided into three primary categories: Law School-related material, personal correspondence and lectures, and records concerning activity outside the realm of the Law School.","Included among materials related to the Law School are records from Spies' time as Dean of Admissions and his involvement with the Admissions Committee. Also included are materials stemming from his service on the Appointments Committee with are sparse in places but cover 1966 to 1983. Spies' involvement with the Law School Foundation and Alumni Council is documented for his years of service after leaving the deanship, from 1980 to 1990. The collection contains 13 folders of personal correspondence. Lecture notes are also included, primarily for speeches given outside the Law School. The third subdivision of this collection is a variety of materials documenting Spies' involvement with associations outside of the Law School. There are materials from the American Association of Law Schools, particularly concerning the Nominations and Pre-Legal Education Committees. There is an extensive amount of material concerning the Law School Admission Council and the development and administration of the Law School Admission Test. Finally in this category is material concerning the American Bar Association and the Virginia State Bar.","Spies' deanship is documented in the Records of the Dean's Office, RG 100-88.","Arthur J. 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As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University, earned a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1938 and a Bachelor of Civil Law in 1939, and was awarded the academic honor of \"double first.\" When he returned to the United States, Spies spent two years at the University of Chicago Law School as a Tutorial Fellow, and in 1941 moved to New York City to practice with the firm of Mudge, Stern, Williams, and Tucker. He joined the U.S. Army in 1943, and after receiving a commission at the Judge Advocate General's School at the University of Michigan, he stayed on to become an instructor. While there he became acquainted with Lt. Col. Jack Ritchie, head of the School of Military Justice and professor on leave from the University of Virginia School of Law. Ritchie was largely responsible for Spies' joining the law faculty at Virginia after the war was over.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies was hired as assistant professor in 1946 and was appointed associate professor in 1947 and professor in 1950. He held the Joseph M. Hartfield Professorship from 1967 to 1976, and the Mary and Daniel Loughran Professorship from 1976 to 1985. A specialist in real property and real estate finance, from 1947 through 1961 he taught property to every first-year law student, and from that time on to retirement, taught at least one first-year section of property. At the time of his death, it was noted that Spies had taught half of the Law School's 13,000 graduates. He was a dynamic, caring teacher who was loved and fondly remembered by his students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs soon as he joined the faculty, Spies was asked to help with the admissions program at the Law School. With characteristic energy and enthusiasm, he became deeply involved in the admissions process and conducted it almost singlehandedly for twenty years while teaching a full course load.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccompanying his work in admissions at Virginia was Spies' involvement in the development of the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT). In 1947 he, along with representatives of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania, formed the Law School Admissions Council which spawned the LSAT. From 1963 to 1966 Spies was head of the council and served on its Board of Trustees until the year of his death. In addition he served on the Association of American Law Schools' Committee on Pre-Legal Education and Admissions, the Accreditation Committee, and the Committee on Admissions to the Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies exerted strong leadership at the Law School in other ways. For ten years he served as chair of the Appointments Committee which attracted a number of outstanding faculty members. Over the years he sponsored many student organizations and journals. In 1976 he became acting dean at the Law School and later that year was appointed dean, a position he held until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1980. During his deanship, Walter L. Brown Hall or Phase II of the North Grounds building was completed, funded entirely by private money. As dean he strengthened the school's ties with its alumni and exerted strong leadership in fund-raising for faculty research and scholarships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1984, in recognition of his many contributions to the Law School and University, but especially for his excellence in teaching, Spies was presented the University's Thomas Jefferson Award. Upon his retirement from teaching in 1985, the alumni created the Emerson G. Spies Professorship which was first held by John Calvin Jeffries, Jr., beloved student and later colleague and close friend of Spies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies married his first wife, Mary Ethel Bell, in 1940, and they had three children, Sally, Richard, and Margaret. Mary Ethel died of cancer in 1966, and in 1972, Spies married Julia Field Sobbott, who brought to the marriage her four young children, Richard, Laura, Daniel, and Wes. In addition to his devotion to his large family and to the Law School, Spies was an avid tennis player and gardener. He planned, selected the plants, planted and tended a woodland garden at the Law School which was later named for him. He died of complications of heart disease on September 24, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emerson George Spies was born 6 November 1914 in Akron, New York. He attended Hobart College, where he excelled as a scholar and athlete, and graduated summa cum laude in 1936. As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University, earned a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1938 and a Bachelor of Civil Law in 1939, and was awarded the academic honor of \"double first.\" When he returned to the United States, Spies spent two years at the University of Chicago Law School as a Tutorial Fellow, and in 1941 moved to New York City to practice with the firm of Mudge, Stern, Williams, and Tucker. He joined the U.S. Army in 1943, and after receiving a commission at the Judge Advocate General's School at the University of Michigan, he stayed on to become an instructor. While there he became acquainted with Lt. Col. Jack Ritchie, head of the School of Military Justice and professor on leave from the University of Virginia School of Law. Ritchie was largely responsible for Spies' joining the law faculty at Virginia after the war was over.","Spies was hired as assistant professor in 1946 and was appointed associate professor in 1947 and professor in 1950. He held the Joseph M. Hartfield Professorship from 1967 to 1976, and the Mary and Daniel Loughran Professorship from 1976 to 1985. A specialist in real property and real estate finance, from 1947 through 1961 he taught property to every first-year law student, and from that time on to retirement, taught at least one first-year section of property. At the time of his death, it was noted that Spies had taught half of the Law School's 13,000 graduates. He was a dynamic, caring teacher who was loved and fondly remembered by his students.","As soon as he joined the faculty, Spies was asked to help with the admissions program at the Law School. With characteristic energy and enthusiasm, he became deeply involved in the admissions process and conducted it almost singlehandedly for twenty years while teaching a full course load.","Accompanying his work in admissions at Virginia was Spies' involvement in the development of the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT). In 1947 he, along with representatives of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania, formed the Law School Admissions Council which spawned the LSAT. From 1963 to 1966 Spies was head of the council and served on its Board of Trustees until the year of his death. In addition he served on the Association of American Law Schools' Committee on Pre-Legal Education and Admissions, the Accreditation Committee, and the Committee on Admissions to the Bar.","Spies exerted strong leadership at the Law School in other ways. For ten years he served as chair of the Appointments Committee which attracted a number of outstanding faculty members. Over the years he sponsored many student organizations and journals. In 1976 he became acting dean at the Law School and later that year was appointed dean, a position he held until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 65 in 1980. During his deanship, Walter L. Brown Hall or Phase II of the North Grounds building was completed, funded entirely by private money. As dean he strengthened the school's ties with its alumni and exerted strong leadership in fund-raising for faculty research and scholarships.","In 1984, in recognition of his many contributions to the Law School and University, but especially for his excellence in teaching, Spies was presented the University's Thomas Jefferson Award. Upon his retirement from teaching in 1985, the alumni created the Emerson G. Spies Professorship which was first held by John Calvin Jeffries, Jr., beloved student and later colleague and close friend of Spies.","Spies married his first wife, Mary Ethel Bell, in 1940, and they had three children, Sally, Richard, and Margaret. Mary Ethel died of cancer in 1966, and in 1972, Spies married Julia Field Sobbott, who brought to the marriage her four young children, Richard, Laura, Daniel, and Wes. In addition to his devotion to his large family and to the Law School, Spies was an avid tennis player and gardener. He planned, selected the plants, planted and tended a woodland garden at the Law School which was later named for him. He died of complications of heart disease on September 24, 1990."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in alphabetical order; however, it can be subdivided into three primary categories: Law School-related material, personal correspondence and lectures, and records concerning activity outside the realm of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded among materials related to the Law School are records from Spies' time as Dean of Admissions and his involvement with the Admissions Committee. Also included are materials stemming from his service on the Appointments Committee with are sparse in places but cover 1966 to 1983. Spies' involvement with the Law School Foundation and Alumni Council is documented for his years of service after leaving the deanship, from 1980 to 1990. The collection contains 13 folders of personal correspondence. Lecture notes are also included, primarily for speeches given outside the Law School. The third subdivision of this collection is a variety of materials documenting Spies' involvement with associations outside of the Law School. There are materials from the American Association of Law Schools, particularly concerning the Nominations and Pre-Legal Education Committees. There is an extensive amount of material concerning the Law School Admission Council and the development and administration of the Law School Admission Test. Finally in this category is material concerning the American Bar Association and the Virginia State Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpies' deanship is documented in the Records of the Dean's Office, RG 100-88.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Emerson Spies include institutional records from his tenure as Law School dean, dean of admissions, and his involment with the Law School Foundation and the Alumni Council. There is also personal correspondence.","The collection is arranged in alphabetical order; however, it can be subdivided into three primary categories: Law School-related material, personal correspondence and lectures, and records concerning activity outside the realm of the Law School.","Included among materials related to the Law School are records from Spies' time as Dean of Admissions and his involvement with the Admissions Committee. Also included are materials stemming from his service on the Appointments Committee with are sparse in places but cover 1966 to 1983. Spies' involvement with the Law School Foundation and Alumni Council is documented for his years of service after leaving the deanship, from 1980 to 1990. The collection contains 13 folders of personal correspondence. Lecture notes are also included, primarily for speeches given outside the Law School. The third subdivision of this collection is a variety of materials documenting Spies' involvement with associations outside of the Law School. There are materials from the American Association of Law Schools, particularly concerning the Nominations and Pre-Legal Education Committees. There is an extensive amount of material concerning the Law School Admission Council and the development and administration of the Law School Admission Test. Finally in this category is material concerning the American Bar Association and the Virginia State Bar.","Spies' deanship is documented in the Records of the Dean's Office, RG 100-88."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"names_coll_ssim":["Association of American Law Schools","University of Virginia. School of Law","Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"persname_ssim":["Spies, Emerson G., 1914-1990"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. 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Folk III papers, 1963/1989","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_645#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Folk, Ernest L., III, 1930-1989","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_645#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. 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Folk III papers, 1963/1989","MSS.90.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/645","Arts","lawyers -- Virginia","Corporation law","Corporation law -- Delaware","Law  -- Study and teaching","A graduate of Roanoke College and of UVA Law School in 1958, Ernest Linwood Folk III was a known scholar in the fields of corporate and securities law, as well as arts and entertainment law. At UVA, he earned both an LLB and MA, and was a member of the editorial board of the Law Review and elected to the Order of the Coif. He joined the UVA law faculty after teaching at the law schools of the University of North Carolina and the University of South Carolina. He had previously been an attorney with the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, from 1956-59, as well as a visiting professor at Columbia, Michigan, and Duke law schools. He was a Reporter for the 1967 revision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a statute governing more than half the nation's Fortune 500 companies. From 1970 to 1976, he edited the Securities Law Review. As a professor at UVA, he taught such classes as Corporate Finance, Non-Profit Corporations, Business Planning, Law and the Visual Arts, Law and the Performing Arts, and Securities Regulation. He published The Delaware General Corporation Law: A Commentary and Analysis.","Folk, who himself was wheelchair-bound, impacted the community by raising awareness of the issue of handicapped access, serving as Chairman of the University's Handicapped Concerns Committee. In this role, he succeeded in obtaining from the Virginia General Assembly special appropriations to pay for handicapped access to sidewalks and special handicapped parking spaces throughout campus. When Folk died suddenly in 1989, the Virginia Law Weekly noted, \"He will best be remembered by the student body as a friendly professor who made every effort to interact with his students.\"","The Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. In addition, there are assorted teaching materials concerning law and the arts.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Folk, Ernest L., III, 1930-1989","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest L. Folk III papers, 1963/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest L. 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At UVA, he earned both an LLB and MA, and was a member of the editorial board of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLaw Review\u003c/emph\u003e and elected to the Order of the Coif. He joined the UVA law faculty after teaching at the law schools of the University of North Carolina and the University of South Carolina. He had previously been an attorney with the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, from 1956-59, as well as a visiting professor at Columbia, Michigan, and Duke law schools. He was a Reporter for the 1967 revision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a statute governing more than half the nation's Fortune 500 companies. From 1970 to 1976, he edited the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSecurities Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e. As a professor at UVA, he taught such classes as Corporate Finance, Non-Profit Corporations, Business Planning, Law and the Visual Arts, Law and the Performing Arts, and Securities Regulation. He published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Delaware General Corporation Law: A Commentary and Analysis\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolk, who himself was wheelchair-bound, impacted the community by raising awareness of the issue of handicapped access, serving as Chairman of the University's Handicapped Concerns Committee. In this role, he succeeded in obtaining from the Virginia General Assembly special appropriations to pay for handicapped access to sidewalks and special handicapped parking spaces throughout campus. When Folk died suddenly in 1989, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Law Weekly\u003c/emph\u003e noted, \"He will best be remembered by the student body as a friendly professor who made every effort to interact with his students.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A graduate of Roanoke College and of UVA Law School in 1958, Ernest Linwood Folk III was a known scholar in the fields of corporate and securities law, as well as arts and entertainment law. At UVA, he earned both an LLB and MA, and was a member of the editorial board of the Law Review and elected to the Order of the Coif. He joined the UVA law faculty after teaching at the law schools of the University of North Carolina and the University of South Carolina. He had previously been an attorney with the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, from 1956-59, as well as a visiting professor at Columbia, Michigan, and Duke law schools. He was a Reporter for the 1967 revision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a statute governing more than half the nation's Fortune 500 companies. From 1970 to 1976, he edited the Securities Law Review. As a professor at UVA, he taught such classes as Corporate Finance, Non-Profit Corporations, Business Planning, Law and the Visual Arts, Law and the Performing Arts, and Securities Regulation. He published The Delaware General Corporation Law: A Commentary and Analysis.","Folk, who himself was wheelchair-bound, impacted the community by raising awareness of the issue of handicapped access, serving as Chairman of the University's Handicapped Concerns Committee. In this role, he succeeded in obtaining from the Virginia General Assembly special appropriations to pay for handicapped access to sidewalks and special handicapped parking spaces throughout campus. When Folk died suddenly in 1989, the Virginia Law Weekly noted, \"He will best be remembered by the student body as a friendly professor who made every effort to interact with his students.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. In addition, there are assorted teaching materials concerning law and the arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. In addition, there are assorted teaching materials concerning law and the arts."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. 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Folk III papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1963-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1963-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1963/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest L. Folk III papers, 1963/1989"],"text":["Ernest L. Folk III papers, 1963/1989","MSS.90.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/645","Arts","lawyers -- Virginia","Corporation law","Corporation law -- Delaware","Law  -- Study and teaching","A graduate of Roanoke College and of UVA Law School in 1958, Ernest Linwood Folk III was a known scholar in the fields of corporate and securities law, as well as arts and entertainment law. At UVA, he earned both an LLB and MA, and was a member of the editorial board of the Law Review and elected to the Order of the Coif. He joined the UVA law faculty after teaching at the law schools of the University of North Carolina and the University of South Carolina. He had previously been an attorney with the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, from 1956-59, as well as a visiting professor at Columbia, Michigan, and Duke law schools. He was a Reporter for the 1967 revision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a statute governing more than half the nation's Fortune 500 companies. From 1970 to 1976, he edited the Securities Law Review. As a professor at UVA, he taught such classes as Corporate Finance, Non-Profit Corporations, Business Planning, Law and the Visual Arts, Law and the Performing Arts, and Securities Regulation. He published The Delaware General Corporation Law: A Commentary and Analysis.","Folk, who himself was wheelchair-bound, impacted the community by raising awareness of the issue of handicapped access, serving as Chairman of the University's Handicapped Concerns Committee. In this role, he succeeded in obtaining from the Virginia General Assembly special appropriations to pay for handicapped access to sidewalks and special handicapped parking spaces throughout campus. When Folk died suddenly in 1989, the Virginia Law Weekly noted, \"He will best be remembered by the student body as a friendly professor who made every effort to interact with his students.\"","The Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. In addition, there are assorted teaching materials concerning law and the arts.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Folk, Ernest L., III, 1930-1989","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest L. Folk III papers, 1963/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest L. 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At UVA, he earned both an LLB and MA, and was a member of the editorial board of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLaw Review\u003c/emph\u003e and elected to the Order of the Coif. He joined the UVA law faculty after teaching at the law schools of the University of North Carolina and the University of South Carolina. He had previously been an attorney with the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, from 1956-59, as well as a visiting professor at Columbia, Michigan, and Duke law schools. He was a Reporter for the 1967 revision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a statute governing more than half the nation's Fortune 500 companies. From 1970 to 1976, he edited the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSecurities Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e. As a professor at UVA, he taught such classes as Corporate Finance, Non-Profit Corporations, Business Planning, Law and the Visual Arts, Law and the Performing Arts, and Securities Regulation. He published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Delaware General Corporation Law: A Commentary and Analysis\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolk, who himself was wheelchair-bound, impacted the community by raising awareness of the issue of handicapped access, serving as Chairman of the University's Handicapped Concerns Committee. In this role, he succeeded in obtaining from the Virginia General Assembly special appropriations to pay for handicapped access to sidewalks and special handicapped parking spaces throughout campus. When Folk died suddenly in 1989, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Law Weekly\u003c/emph\u003e noted, \"He will best be remembered by the student body as a friendly professor who made every effort to interact with his students.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A graduate of Roanoke College and of UVA Law School in 1958, Ernest Linwood Folk III was a known scholar in the fields of corporate and securities law, as well as arts and entertainment law. At UVA, he earned both an LLB and MA, and was a member of the editorial board of the Law Review and elected to the Order of the Coif. He joined the UVA law faculty after teaching at the law schools of the University of North Carolina and the University of South Carolina. He had previously been an attorney with the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, from 1956-59, as well as a visiting professor at Columbia, Michigan, and Duke law schools. He was a Reporter for the 1967 revision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a statute governing more than half the nation's Fortune 500 companies. From 1970 to 1976, he edited the Securities Law Review. As a professor at UVA, he taught such classes as Corporate Finance, Non-Profit Corporations, Business Planning, Law and the Visual Arts, Law and the Performing Arts, and Securities Regulation. He published The Delaware General Corporation Law: A Commentary and Analysis.","Folk, who himself was wheelchair-bound, impacted the community by raising awareness of the issue of handicapped access, serving as Chairman of the University's Handicapped Concerns Committee. In this role, he succeeded in obtaining from the Virginia General Assembly special appropriations to pay for handicapped access to sidewalks and special handicapped parking spaces throughout campus. When Folk died suddenly in 1989, the Virginia Law Weekly noted, \"He will best be remembered by the student body as a friendly professor who made every effort to interact with his students.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. In addition, there are assorted teaching materials concerning law and the arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest L. Folk papers is comprised of professional files, working files concerning consulting work; drafts, notes, etc., for articles; and a few folders regarding his home in Ivy. In addition, there are assorted teaching materials concerning law and the arts."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law","Folk, Ernest L., III, 1930-1989"],"persname_ssim":["Folk, Ernest L., III, 1930-1989"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Folk, Ernest L., III, 1930-1989"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":96,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:37.886Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_645"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_79.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106879","title_ssm":["Frances Farmer papers"],"title_tesim":["Frances Farmer papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900 - 1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900 - 1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993"],"text":["Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993","MSS.93.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/79","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law librarians","Law libraries -- United States","University of Virginia. School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs","There are no restrictions.","Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.","The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eManual of Legal Bibliography\u003c/emph\u003e(The Michie Company, 1947) and edited\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Wilson Reader\u003c/emph\u003e(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. 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She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.","The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. 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She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eManual of Legal Bibliography\u003c/emph\u003e(The Michie Company, 1947) and edited\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Wilson Reader\u003c/emph\u003e(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation","Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"persname_ssim":["Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation","Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":142,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:46.871Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_915","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_915#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"University of Virginia. School of Law","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_915#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_915#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_915","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_915","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_915","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_915","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_915.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/165355","title_ssm":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law"],"title_tesim":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018"],"text":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018","RG.32.401","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/915","Law  -- Examinations, questions, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching","The conditions governing access vary across the collection. There are no restrictions on access to the examinations of deceased professors. However, access to the examinations of living professors is restricted. Researchers must first obtain written permission from living professors to view them. After a researcher presents written permission to the University of Virginia Law Library, the Library may allow them to view the examination in the special collections reading room. Researchers may take written notes, but the Library prohibits photography or scanning. Researchers may not borrow examinations or view them outside of the special collections reading room.","A few living professors have waived the requirement for written permission. Waivers are recorded in a conditions governing access note attached to the examination records in this finding aid.","The Law Library arranged this collection into the following three series and ordered them chronologically:","I. Unbound examinations;","II. Bound examinations;","III. Examinations hosted online.","Researchers will find more examples of University of Virginia School of Law examinations in the following publications:","1. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.). Law Examinations. Revised and corrected ed. Anderson Bros, 1891.","2. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.), and Thomas Randolph Keith. Law Examinations, Embracing, Examination Papers From the Year 1869 to 1894. 4th ed. Anderson Bros, 1894.","This collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.","The examinations exist in diverse media formats. Most of them are printed on paper, and most printed examinations are bound together into volumes. The other examinations were born digital and were initially made available to students online or on digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs).","Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018"],"collection_ssim":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.32.401","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/915"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.32.401","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/915"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creator_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creators_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"access_terms_ssm":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia."],"acqinfo_ssim":["RG-32-401 contains examinations from different sources.","The items in Series I came to the Library from various sources including donations, purchases, and internal transfers. Most of them were at one time stored in a \"memorabilia file drawer\" or the Law Library's front circulation office.","Series II consists of bound examinations that the Law Library transferred from its reserve collection to its special collections department around 2018.","Series III consists of digital examinations that the Law Library transferred from an online environment to its special collections department around 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Law  -- Examinations, questions, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Law  -- Examinations, questions, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Cubic Feet 1 archival box","47 Volumes",".096 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Cubic Feet 1 archival box","47 Volumes",".096 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe conditions governing access vary across the collection. There are no restrictions on access to the examinations of deceased professors. However, access to the examinations of living professors is restricted. Researchers must first obtain written permission from living professors to view them. After a researcher presents written permission to the University of Virginia Law Library, the Library may allow them to view the examination in the special collections reading room. Researchers may take written notes, but the Library prohibits photography or scanning. Researchers may not borrow examinations or view them outside of the special collections reading room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA few living professors have waived the requirement for written permission. Waivers are recorded in a conditions governing access note attached to the examination records in this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The conditions governing access vary across the collection. There are no restrictions on access to the examinations of deceased professors. However, access to the examinations of living professors is restricted. Researchers must first obtain written permission from living professors to view them. After a researcher presents written permission to the University of Virginia Law Library, the Library may allow them to view the examination in the special collections reading room. Researchers may take written notes, but the Library prohibits photography or scanning. Researchers may not borrow examinations or view them outside of the special collections reading room.","A few living professors have waived the requirement for written permission. Waivers are recorded in a conditions governing access note attached to the examination records in this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Law Library arranged this collection into the following three series and ordered them chronologically:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. 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Anderson Bros, 1894.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers will find more examples of University of Virginia School of Law examinations in the following publications:","1. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.). Law Examinations. Revised and corrected ed. Anderson Bros, 1891.","2. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.), and Thomas Randolph Keith. Law Examinations, Embracing, Examination Papers From the Year 1869 to 1894. 4th ed. Anderson Bros, 1894."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe examinations exist in diverse media formats. Most of them are printed on paper, and most printed examinations are bound together into volumes. The other examinations were born digital and were initially made available to students online or on digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.","The examinations exist in diverse media formats. Most of them are printed on paper, and most printed examinations are bound together into volumes. The other examinations were born digital and were initially made available to students online or on digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. 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There are no restrictions on access to the examinations of deceased professors. However, access to the examinations of living professors is restricted. Researchers must first obtain written permission from living professors to view them. After a researcher presents written permission to the University of Virginia Law Library, the Library may allow them to view the examination in the special collections reading room. Researchers may take written notes, but the Library prohibits photography or scanning. Researchers may not borrow examinations or view them outside of the special collections reading room.","A few living professors have waived the requirement for written permission. Waivers are recorded in a conditions governing access note attached to the examination records in this finding aid.","The Law Library arranged this collection into the following three series and ordered them chronologically:","I. Unbound examinations;","II. Bound examinations;","III. Examinations hosted online.","Researchers will find more examples of University of Virginia School of Law examinations in the following publications:","1. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.). Law Examinations. Revised and corrected ed. Anderson Bros, 1891.","2. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.), and Thomas Randolph Keith. Law Examinations, Embracing, Examination Papers From the Year 1869 to 1894. 4th ed. Anderson Bros, 1894.","This collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.","The examinations exist in diverse media formats. Most of them are printed on paper, and most printed examinations are bound together into volumes. The other examinations were born digital and were initially made available to students online or on digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs).","Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018"],"collection_ssim":["Law examinations - University of Virginia School of Law, 1890/2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.32.401","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/915"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.32.401","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/915"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creator_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"creators_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"access_terms_ssm":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia."],"acqinfo_ssim":["RG-32-401 contains examinations from different sources.","The items in Series I came to the Library from various sources including donations, purchases, and internal transfers. Most of them were at one time stored in a \"memorabilia file drawer\" or the Law Library's front circulation office.","Series II consists of bound examinations that the Law Library transferred from its reserve collection to its special collections department around 2018.","Series III consists of digital examinations that the Law Library transferred from an online environment to its special collections department around 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Law  -- Examinations, questions, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Law  -- Examinations, questions, etc.","Law  -- Study and teaching"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Cubic Feet 1 archival box","47 Volumes",".096 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Cubic Feet 1 archival box","47 Volumes",".096 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe conditions governing access vary across the collection. There are no restrictions on access to the examinations of deceased professors. However, access to the examinations of living professors is restricted. Researchers must first obtain written permission from living professors to view them. After a researcher presents written permission to the University of Virginia Law Library, the Library may allow them to view the examination in the special collections reading room. Researchers may take written notes, but the Library prohibits photography or scanning. Researchers may not borrow examinations or view them outside of the special collections reading room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA few living professors have waived the requirement for written permission. Waivers are recorded in a conditions governing access note attached to the examination records in this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The conditions governing access vary across the collection. There are no restrictions on access to the examinations of deceased professors. However, access to the examinations of living professors is restricted. Researchers must first obtain written permission from living professors to view them. After a researcher presents written permission to the University of Virginia Law Library, the Library may allow them to view the examination in the special collections reading room. Researchers may take written notes, but the Library prohibits photography or scanning. Researchers may not borrow examinations or view them outside of the special collections reading room.","A few living professors have waived the requirement for written permission. Waivers are recorded in a conditions governing access note attached to the examination records in this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Law Library arranged this collection into the following three series and ordered them chronologically:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. Unbound examinations;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eII. Bound examinations;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIII. Examinations hosted online.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Law Library arranged this collection into the following three series and ordered them chronologically:","I. Unbound examinations;","II. Bound examinations;","III. Examinations hosted online."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers will find more examples of University of Virginia School of Law examinations in the following publications:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.). Law Examinations. Revised and corrected ed. Anderson Bros, 1891.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.), and Thomas Randolph Keith. Law Examinations, Embracing, Examination Papers From the Year 1869 to 1894. 4th ed. Anderson Bros, 1894.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers will find more examples of University of Virginia School of Law examinations in the following publications:","1. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.). Law Examinations. Revised and corrected ed. Anderson Bros, 1891.","2. Anderson Bros. (Charlottesville, Va.), and Thomas Randolph Keith. Law Examinations, Embracing, Examination Papers From the Year 1869 to 1894. 4th ed. Anderson Bros, 1894."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe examinations exist in diverse media formats. Most of them are printed on paper, and most printed examinations are bound together into volumes. The other examinations were born digital and were initially made available to students online or on digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of examinations that the University of Virginia Law School administered to students between 1890 and 2018. It also includes a few examples of examination answers.","The examinations exist in diverse media formats. Most of them are printed on paper, and most printed examinations are bound together into volumes. The other examinations were born digital and were initially made available to students online or on digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the examinations. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creator of individual items; these items are expected to pass into the public domain 120 years after their creation. The University may grant permission to publish or reproduce intellectual property it owns in the name of The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. 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