{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Health+and+Medical--Virginia--Louisa+County.","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Health+and+Medical--Virginia--Louisa+County.\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi05134","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05134#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05134#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLouisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05134#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05134","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05134","_root_":"vi_vi05134","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05134","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05134.xml","title_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902\n"],"title_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0007787120\n"],"text":["0007787120\n","Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902","African Americans--Mental Health--Virginia--Louisa County.","County courts--Virginia--Louisa County.","Insanity--Jurisprudence--Virginia--Louisa County.","Jails--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Mental illness--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Psychiatric hospitals--Virginia.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Chronological within each series. The Mental Health Records are arranged chronologically by year, and alphabetically by name. If more than one individual is referenced in a document, names are listed on the folder but the folder title will reflect the number of individuals named. If an individual had more than one instance of suspected mental incapacity, there may be papers filed in more than one chronological location. Smallpox Epidemic Records are arranged chronologically by year within one folder.\n","Mental Health Records may consist of a variety of documents that historically were referred to as lunacy papers in the courthouses of Virginia localities and municipalities.\n","First known as commissions, the Justice of the Peace office originated with the county quarterly court in 1623. Commanders of Plantations (1607-1629) were predecessors of the commissioners, who since 1662 have been called justices of the peace. They have traditionally had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and have served other functions, including performing coroners' and lunacy inquisitions. Until 1869 justices served both as judges of the county court and as individual justices; since then they have had only the latter function.\n","During its session begun in November 1769, the House of Burgesses passed an act establishing a hospital in Williamsburg for the mentally ill. The Eastern Lunatic Asylum (now Eastern State Hospital) was the first institution in America constructed as a mental hospital. The first patients were admitted in October 1773.\n","In January 1825 the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation providing for the construction of an asylum in the western part of the state. The institution, which become known as Western Lunatic Asylum, was constructed close to the town of Staunton, west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, was the second mental health facility built in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The buildings and surrounding gardens were designed to embrace the idea of \"moral therapy\" for mentally ill patients by providing an aesthetically pleasing and tranquil atmosphere in which patients lived comfortably, exercised and worked outdoors.\n","Western Lunatic Asylum opened in 1828, accepting both male and female patients suffering from a variety of mental disorders. It should be noted that the hospital underwent a short-lived name change between 1861 and 1865, when it was known as Central Lunatic Asylum. (It should not be confused with an asylum of the same name later built in Petersburg, Virginia to house African American patients). From 1865 to 1894 the name was again Western Lunatic Asylum. However, in 1894 the General Assembly passed legislation changing the name to Western State Hospital.\n","In March 1882 a 300 acre tract of land was purchased by the City of Petersburg and given to the state for the purpose of constructing a permanent mental health facility for African Americans. Construction of the new facility near Petersburg was completed in early spring 1885. This later included a special building to house the criminally insane apart from the rest of the hospital population. An early institutional history notes that treatment at Central Lunatic Asylum during the 1890s was humane and emphasized the value of work and the benefits of recreation. However, practices at the facility also included seclusion, mechanical restraints, and the administering of hypnotics.\n"," In 1894, Central Lunatic Asylum was officially renamed Central State Hospital. This piece of legislation also altered the names of the other mental health facilities in Virginia in and attempt to inspire a more positive image of the institutions, and of mental health treatment in general. It is important to note that another state institution located in Staunton, Virginia went by the name Central Lunatic Asylum between the years of 1861 and 1865. Its name later was changed to Western Lunatic Asylum, and is a separate facility with no connection to the Richmond/Petersburg hospital for African Americans.\n","Louisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.\n","Mental Health Records are housed in five folders, and may include warrants, orders, petitions, depositions, reports, etc. for or by justices of the peace and others regarding the mental condition of individuals who were released to the recognizance of a family member or who were recommended to be committed to hospitals in Williamsburg, Staunton, Petersburg, or Richmond. Fiduciary records such as estate inventories of a person judged insane may also be present. Some justices of the peace convened at Elisha Jackson's Tavern to commiserate and write their reports.  See selected documents of interest below.\n","Smallpox Epidemic Records consist of one folder of papers relating to quarantines and hospitals for the containment of and/or treatment for smallpox outbreaks in Louisa County. 1779 documents include accounts of various individuals, especially William Terrell, for expenses incurred during smallpox outbreak at home hospital of William Ward. An 1862 order references a smallpox outbreak at the Slate Hill Gold Mine. Documents also reference three quarantines of individuals in May 1880, including one near Green Springs Depot at the home of Richard Ogg and another at James B. Madison's home known as \"Hackett's House\". A third quarantine did not specify location.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Central Lunatic Asylum for Colored Insane, Virginia.","Central State Hospital (Petersburg, Va.).","Eastern State Hospital (Va.).","Western State Hospital (Va.).","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007787120\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902"],"collection_title_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902"],"collection_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Louisa County Circuit Court.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Mental Health--Virginia--Louisa County.","County courts--Virginia--Louisa County.","Insanity--Jurisprudence--Virginia--Louisa County.","Jails--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Mental illness--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Psychiatric hospitals--Virginia.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Mental Health--Virginia--Louisa County.","County courts--Virginia--Louisa County.","Insanity--Jurisprudence--Virginia--Louisa County.","Jails--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Mental illness--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Psychiatric hospitals--Virginia.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".225 cf; legal-sized half-hollinger box"],"extent_tesim":[".225 cf; legal-sized half-hollinger box"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological within each series. The Mental Health Records are arranged chronologically by year, and alphabetically by name. If more than one individual is referenced in a document, names are listed on the folder but the folder title will reflect the number of individuals named. If an individual had more than one instance of suspected mental incapacity, there may be papers filed in more than one chronological location. Smallpox Epidemic Records are arranged chronologically by year within one folder.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological within each series. The Mental Health Records are arranged chronologically by year, and alphabetically by name. If more than one individual is referenced in a document, names are listed on the folder but the folder title will reflect the number of individuals named. If an individual had more than one instance of suspected mental incapacity, there may be papers filed in more than one chronological location. Smallpox Epidemic Records are arranged chronologically by year within one folder.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMental Health Records may consist of a variety of documents that historically were referred to as lunacy papers in the courthouses of Virginia localities and municipalities.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst known as commissions, the Justice of the Peace office originated with the county quarterly court in 1623. Commanders of Plantations (1607-1629) were predecessors of the commissioners, who since 1662 have been called justices of the peace. They have traditionally had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and have served other functions, including performing coroners' and lunacy inquisitions. Until 1869 justices served both as judges of the county court and as individual justices; since then they have had only the latter function.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring its session begun in November 1769, the House of Burgesses passed an act establishing a hospital in Williamsburg for the mentally ill. The Eastern Lunatic Asylum (now Eastern State Hospital) was the first institution in America constructed as a mental hospital. The first patients were admitted in October 1773.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 1825 the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation providing for the construction of an asylum in the western part of the state. The institution, which become known as Western Lunatic Asylum, was constructed close to the town of Staunton, west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, was the second mental health facility built in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The buildings and surrounding gardens were designed to embrace the idea of \"moral therapy\" for mentally ill patients by providing an aesthetically pleasing and tranquil atmosphere in which patients lived comfortably, exercised and worked outdoors.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern Lunatic Asylum opened in 1828, accepting both male and female patients suffering from a variety of mental disorders. It should be noted that the hospital underwent a short-lived name change between 1861 and 1865, when it was known as Central Lunatic Asylum. (It should not be confused with an asylum of the same name later built in Petersburg, Virginia to house African American patients). From 1865 to 1894 the name was again Western Lunatic Asylum. However, in 1894 the General Assembly passed legislation changing the name to Western State Hospital.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn March 1882 a 300 acre tract of land was purchased by the City of Petersburg and given to the state for the purpose of constructing a permanent mental health facility for African Americans. Construction of the new facility near Petersburg was completed in early spring 1885. This later included a special building to house the criminally insane apart from the rest of the hospital population. An early institutional history notes that treatment at Central Lunatic Asylum during the 1890s was humane and emphasized the value of work and the benefits of recreation. However, practices at the facility also included seclusion, mechanical restraints, and the administering of hypnotics.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1894, Central Lunatic Asylum was officially renamed Central State Hospital. This piece of legislation also altered the names of the other mental health facilities in Virginia in and attempt to inspire a more positive image of the institutions, and of mental health treatment in general. It is important to note that another state institution located in Staunton, Virginia went by the name Central Lunatic Asylum between the years of 1861 and 1865. Its name later was changed to Western Lunatic Asylum, and is a separate facility with no connection to the Richmond/Petersburg hospital for African Americans.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mental Health Records may consist of a variety of documents that historically were referred to as lunacy papers in the courthouses of Virginia localities and municipalities.\n","First known as commissions, the Justice of the Peace office originated with the county quarterly court in 1623. Commanders of Plantations (1607-1629) were predecessors of the commissioners, who since 1662 have been called justices of the peace. They have traditionally had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and have served other functions, including performing coroners' and lunacy inquisitions. Until 1869 justices served both as judges of the county court and as individual justices; since then they have had only the latter function.\n","During its session begun in November 1769, the House of Burgesses passed an act establishing a hospital in Williamsburg for the mentally ill. The Eastern Lunatic Asylum (now Eastern State Hospital) was the first institution in America constructed as a mental hospital. The first patients were admitted in October 1773.\n","In January 1825 the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation providing for the construction of an asylum in the western part of the state. The institution, which become known as Western Lunatic Asylum, was constructed close to the town of Staunton, west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, was the second mental health facility built in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The buildings and surrounding gardens were designed to embrace the idea of \"moral therapy\" for mentally ill patients by providing an aesthetically pleasing and tranquil atmosphere in which patients lived comfortably, exercised and worked outdoors.\n","Western Lunatic Asylum opened in 1828, accepting both male and female patients suffering from a variety of mental disorders. It should be noted that the hospital underwent a short-lived name change between 1861 and 1865, when it was known as Central Lunatic Asylum. (It should not be confused with an asylum of the same name later built in Petersburg, Virginia to house African American patients). From 1865 to 1894 the name was again Western Lunatic Asylum. However, in 1894 the General Assembly passed legislation changing the name to Western State Hospital.\n","In March 1882 a 300 acre tract of land was purchased by the City of Petersburg and given to the state for the purpose of constructing a permanent mental health facility for African Americans. Construction of the new facility near Petersburg was completed in early spring 1885. This later included a special building to house the criminally insane apart from the rest of the hospital population. An early institutional history notes that treatment at Central Lunatic Asylum during the 1890s was humane and emphasized the value of work and the benefits of recreation. However, practices at the facility also included seclusion, mechanical restraints, and the administering of hypnotics.\n"," In 1894, Central Lunatic Asylum was officially renamed Central State Hospital. This piece of legislation also altered the names of the other mental health facilities in Virginia in and attempt to inspire a more positive image of the institutions, and of mental health treatment in general. It is important to note that another state institution located in Staunton, Virginia went by the name Central Lunatic Asylum between the years of 1861 and 1865. Its name later was changed to Western Lunatic Asylum, and is a separate facility with no connection to the Richmond/Petersburg hospital for African Americans.\n","Louisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLouisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMental Health Records are housed in five folders, and may include warrants, orders, petitions, depositions, reports, etc. for or by justices of the peace and others regarding the mental condition of individuals who were released to the recognizance of a family member or who were recommended to be committed to hospitals in Williamsburg, Staunton, Petersburg, or Richmond. Fiduciary records such as estate inventories of a person judged insane may also be present. Some justices of the peace convened at Elisha Jackson's Tavern to commiserate and write their reports.  See selected documents of interest below.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmallpox Epidemic Records consist of one folder of papers relating to quarantines and hospitals for the containment of and/or treatment for smallpox outbreaks in Louisa County. 1779 documents include accounts of various individuals, especially William Terrell, for expenses incurred during smallpox outbreak at home hospital of William Ward. An 1862 order references a smallpox outbreak at the Slate Hill Gold Mine. Documents also reference three quarantines of individuals in May 1880, including one near Green Springs Depot at the home of Richard Ogg and another at James B. Madison's home known as \"Hackett's House\". A third quarantine did not specify location.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.\n","Mental Health Records are housed in five folders, and may include warrants, orders, petitions, depositions, reports, etc. for or by justices of the peace and others regarding the mental condition of individuals who were released to the recognizance of a family member or who were recommended to be committed to hospitals in Williamsburg, Staunton, Petersburg, or Richmond. Fiduciary records such as estate inventories of a person judged insane may also be present. Some justices of the peace convened at Elisha Jackson's Tavern to commiserate and write their reports.  See selected documents of interest below.\n","Smallpox Epidemic Records consist of one folder of papers relating to quarantines and hospitals for the containment of and/or treatment for smallpox outbreaks in Louisa County. 1779 documents include accounts of various individuals, especially William Terrell, for expenses incurred during smallpox outbreak at home hospital of William Ward. An 1862 order references a smallpox outbreak at the Slate Hill Gold Mine. Documents also reference three quarantines of individuals in May 1880, including one near Green Springs Depot at the home of Richard Ogg and another at James B. Madison's home known as \"Hackett's House\". A third quarantine did not specify location.\n"],"names_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Central Lunatic Asylum for Colored Insane, Virginia.","Central State Hospital (Petersburg, Va.).","Eastern State Hospital (Va.).","Western State Hospital (Va.)."],"corpname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) 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Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902","African Americans--Mental Health--Virginia--Louisa County.","County courts--Virginia--Louisa County.","Insanity--Jurisprudence--Virginia--Louisa County.","Jails--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Mental illness--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Psychiatric hospitals--Virginia.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Chronological within each series. The Mental Health Records are arranged chronologically by year, and alphabetically by name. If more than one individual is referenced in a document, names are listed on the folder but the folder title will reflect the number of individuals named. If an individual had more than one instance of suspected mental incapacity, there may be papers filed in more than one chronological location. Smallpox Epidemic Records are arranged chronologically by year within one folder.\n","Mental Health Records may consist of a variety of documents that historically were referred to as lunacy papers in the courthouses of Virginia localities and municipalities.\n","First known as commissions, the Justice of the Peace office originated with the county quarterly court in 1623. Commanders of Plantations (1607-1629) were predecessors of the commissioners, who since 1662 have been called justices of the peace. They have traditionally had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and have served other functions, including performing coroners' and lunacy inquisitions. Until 1869 justices served both as judges of the county court and as individual justices; since then they have had only the latter function.\n","During its session begun in November 1769, the House of Burgesses passed an act establishing a hospital in Williamsburg for the mentally ill. The Eastern Lunatic Asylum (now Eastern State Hospital) was the first institution in America constructed as a mental hospital. The first patients were admitted in October 1773.\n","In January 1825 the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation providing for the construction of an asylum in the western part of the state. The institution, which become known as Western Lunatic Asylum, was constructed close to the town of Staunton, west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, was the second mental health facility built in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The buildings and surrounding gardens were designed to embrace the idea of \"moral therapy\" for mentally ill patients by providing an aesthetically pleasing and tranquil atmosphere in which patients lived comfortably, exercised and worked outdoors.\n","Western Lunatic Asylum opened in 1828, accepting both male and female patients suffering from a variety of mental disorders. It should be noted that the hospital underwent a short-lived name change between 1861 and 1865, when it was known as Central Lunatic Asylum. (It should not be confused with an asylum of the same name later built in Petersburg, Virginia to house African American patients). From 1865 to 1894 the name was again Western Lunatic Asylum. However, in 1894 the General Assembly passed legislation changing the name to Western State Hospital.\n","In March 1882 a 300 acre tract of land was purchased by the City of Petersburg and given to the state for the purpose of constructing a permanent mental health facility for African Americans. Construction of the new facility near Petersburg was completed in early spring 1885. This later included a special building to house the criminally insane apart from the rest of the hospital population. An early institutional history notes that treatment at Central Lunatic Asylum during the 1890s was humane and emphasized the value of work and the benefits of recreation. However, practices at the facility also included seclusion, mechanical restraints, and the administering of hypnotics.\n"," In 1894, Central Lunatic Asylum was officially renamed Central State Hospital. This piece of legislation also altered the names of the other mental health facilities in Virginia in and attempt to inspire a more positive image of the institutions, and of mental health treatment in general. It is important to note that another state institution located in Staunton, Virginia went by the name Central Lunatic Asylum between the years of 1861 and 1865. Its name later was changed to Western Lunatic Asylum, and is a separate facility with no connection to the Richmond/Petersburg hospital for African Americans.\n","Louisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.\n","Mental Health Records are housed in five folders, and may include warrants, orders, petitions, depositions, reports, etc. for or by justices of the peace and others regarding the mental condition of individuals who were released to the recognizance of a family member or who were recommended to be committed to hospitals in Williamsburg, Staunton, Petersburg, or Richmond. Fiduciary records such as estate inventories of a person judged insane may also be present. Some justices of the peace convened at Elisha Jackson's Tavern to commiserate and write their reports.  See selected documents of interest below.\n","Smallpox Epidemic Records consist of one folder of papers relating to quarantines and hospitals for the containment of and/or treatment for smallpox outbreaks in Louisa County. 1779 documents include accounts of various individuals, especially William Terrell, for expenses incurred during smallpox outbreak at home hospital of William Ward. An 1862 order references a smallpox outbreak at the Slate Hill Gold Mine. Documents also reference three quarantines of individuals in May 1880, including one near Green Springs Depot at the home of Richard Ogg and another at James B. Madison's home known as \"Hackett's House\". A third quarantine did not specify location.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Central Lunatic Asylum for Colored Insane, Virginia.","Central State Hospital (Petersburg, Va.).","Eastern State Hospital (Va.).","Western State Hospital (Va.).","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007787120\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902"],"collection_title_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902"],"collection_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, \n 1771-1902"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Louisa County Circuit Court.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Mental Health--Virginia--Louisa County.","County courts--Virginia--Louisa County.","Insanity--Jurisprudence--Virginia--Louisa County.","Jails--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Mental illness--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Psychiatric hospitals--Virginia.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Mental Health--Virginia--Louisa County.","County courts--Virginia--Louisa County.","Insanity--Jurisprudence--Virginia--Louisa County.","Jails--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Mental illness--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Psychiatric hospitals--Virginia.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".225 cf; legal-sized half-hollinger box"],"extent_tesim":[".225 cf; legal-sized half-hollinger box"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological within each series. The Mental Health Records are arranged chronologically by year, and alphabetically by name. If more than one individual is referenced in a document, names are listed on the folder but the folder title will reflect the number of individuals named. If an individual had more than one instance of suspected mental incapacity, there may be papers filed in more than one chronological location. Smallpox Epidemic Records are arranged chronologically by year within one folder.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological within each series. The Mental Health Records are arranged chronologically by year, and alphabetically by name. If more than one individual is referenced in a document, names are listed on the folder but the folder title will reflect the number of individuals named. If an individual had more than one instance of suspected mental incapacity, there may be papers filed in more than one chronological location. Smallpox Epidemic Records are arranged chronologically by year within one folder.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMental Health Records may consist of a variety of documents that historically were referred to as lunacy papers in the courthouses of Virginia localities and municipalities.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst known as commissions, the Justice of the Peace office originated with the county quarterly court in 1623. Commanders of Plantations (1607-1629) were predecessors of the commissioners, who since 1662 have been called justices of the peace. They have traditionally had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and have served other functions, including performing coroners' and lunacy inquisitions. Until 1869 justices served both as judges of the county court and as individual justices; since then they have had only the latter function.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring its session begun in November 1769, the House of Burgesses passed an act establishing a hospital in Williamsburg for the mentally ill. The Eastern Lunatic Asylum (now Eastern State Hospital) was the first institution in America constructed as a mental hospital. The first patients were admitted in October 1773.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 1825 the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation providing for the construction of an asylum in the western part of the state. The institution, which become known as Western Lunatic Asylum, was constructed close to the town of Staunton, west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, was the second mental health facility built in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The buildings and surrounding gardens were designed to embrace the idea of \"moral therapy\" for mentally ill patients by providing an aesthetically pleasing and tranquil atmosphere in which patients lived comfortably, exercised and worked outdoors.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern Lunatic Asylum opened in 1828, accepting both male and female patients suffering from a variety of mental disorders. It should be noted that the hospital underwent a short-lived name change between 1861 and 1865, when it was known as Central Lunatic Asylum. (It should not be confused with an asylum of the same name later built in Petersburg, Virginia to house African American patients). From 1865 to 1894 the name was again Western Lunatic Asylum. However, in 1894 the General Assembly passed legislation changing the name to Western State Hospital.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn March 1882 a 300 acre tract of land was purchased by the City of Petersburg and given to the state for the purpose of constructing a permanent mental health facility for African Americans. Construction of the new facility near Petersburg was completed in early spring 1885. This later included a special building to house the criminally insane apart from the rest of the hospital population. An early institutional history notes that treatment at Central Lunatic Asylum during the 1890s was humane and emphasized the value of work and the benefits of recreation. However, practices at the facility also included seclusion, mechanical restraints, and the administering of hypnotics.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1894, Central Lunatic Asylum was officially renamed Central State Hospital. This piece of legislation also altered the names of the other mental health facilities in Virginia in and attempt to inspire a more positive image of the institutions, and of mental health treatment in general. It is important to note that another state institution located in Staunton, Virginia went by the name Central Lunatic Asylum between the years of 1861 and 1865. Its name later was changed to Western Lunatic Asylum, and is a separate facility with no connection to the Richmond/Petersburg hospital for African Americans.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mental Health Records may consist of a variety of documents that historically were referred to as lunacy papers in the courthouses of Virginia localities and municipalities.\n","First known as commissions, the Justice of the Peace office originated with the county quarterly court in 1623. Commanders of Plantations (1607-1629) were predecessors of the commissioners, who since 1662 have been called justices of the peace. They have traditionally had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and have served other functions, including performing coroners' and lunacy inquisitions. Until 1869 justices served both as judges of the county court and as individual justices; since then they have had only the latter function.\n","During its session begun in November 1769, the House of Burgesses passed an act establishing a hospital in Williamsburg for the mentally ill. The Eastern Lunatic Asylum (now Eastern State Hospital) was the first institution in America constructed as a mental hospital. The first patients were admitted in October 1773.\n","In January 1825 the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation providing for the construction of an asylum in the western part of the state. The institution, which become known as Western Lunatic Asylum, was constructed close to the town of Staunton, west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, was the second mental health facility built in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The buildings and surrounding gardens were designed to embrace the idea of \"moral therapy\" for mentally ill patients by providing an aesthetically pleasing and tranquil atmosphere in which patients lived comfortably, exercised and worked outdoors.\n","Western Lunatic Asylum opened in 1828, accepting both male and female patients suffering from a variety of mental disorders. It should be noted that the hospital underwent a short-lived name change between 1861 and 1865, when it was known as Central Lunatic Asylum. (It should not be confused with an asylum of the same name later built in Petersburg, Virginia to house African American patients). From 1865 to 1894 the name was again Western Lunatic Asylum. However, in 1894 the General Assembly passed legislation changing the name to Western State Hospital.\n","In March 1882 a 300 acre tract of land was purchased by the City of Petersburg and given to the state for the purpose of constructing a permanent mental health facility for African Americans. Construction of the new facility near Petersburg was completed in early spring 1885. This later included a special building to house the criminally insane apart from the rest of the hospital population. An early institutional history notes that treatment at Central Lunatic Asylum during the 1890s was humane and emphasized the value of work and the benefits of recreation. However, practices at the facility also included seclusion, mechanical restraints, and the administering of hypnotics.\n"," In 1894, Central Lunatic Asylum was officially renamed Central State Hospital. This piece of legislation also altered the names of the other mental health facilities in Virginia in and attempt to inspire a more positive image of the institutions, and of mental health treatment in general. It is important to note that another state institution located in Staunton, Virginia went by the name Central Lunatic Asylum between the years of 1861 and 1865. Its name later was changed to Western Lunatic Asylum, and is a separate facility with no connection to the Richmond/Petersburg hospital for African Americans.\n","Louisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLouisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMental Health Records are housed in five folders, and may include warrants, orders, petitions, depositions, reports, etc. for or by justices of the peace and others regarding the mental condition of individuals who were released to the recognizance of a family member or who were recommended to be committed to hospitals in Williamsburg, Staunton, Petersburg, or Richmond. Fiduciary records such as estate inventories of a person judged insane may also be present. Some justices of the peace convened at Elisha Jackson's Tavern to commiserate and write their reports.  See selected documents of interest below.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmallpox Epidemic Records consist of one folder of papers relating to quarantines and hospitals for the containment of and/or treatment for smallpox outbreaks in Louisa County. 1779 documents include accounts of various individuals, especially William Terrell, for expenses incurred during smallpox outbreak at home hospital of William Ward. An 1862 order references a smallpox outbreak at the Slate Hill Gold Mine. Documents also reference three quarantines of individuals in May 1880, including one near Green Springs Depot at the home of Richard Ogg and another at James B. Madison's home known as \"Hackett's House\". A third quarantine did not specify location.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Health and Medical Records 1771-1902, consist of two series: Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.\n","Mental Health Records are housed in five folders, and may include warrants, orders, petitions, depositions, reports, etc. for or by justices of the peace and others regarding the mental condition of individuals who were released to the recognizance of a family member or who were recommended to be committed to hospitals in Williamsburg, Staunton, Petersburg, or Richmond. Fiduciary records such as estate inventories of a person judged insane may also be present. Some justices of the peace convened at Elisha Jackson's Tavern to commiserate and write their reports.  See selected documents of interest below.\n","Smallpox Epidemic Records consist of one folder of papers relating to quarantines and hospitals for the containment of and/or treatment for smallpox outbreaks in Louisa County. 1779 documents include accounts of various individuals, especially William Terrell, for expenses incurred during smallpox outbreak at home hospital of William Ward. An 1862 order references a smallpox outbreak at the Slate Hill Gold Mine. Documents also reference three quarantines of individuals in May 1880, including one near Green Springs Depot at the home of Richard Ogg and another at James B. Madison's home known as \"Hackett's House\". A third quarantine did not specify location.\n"],"names_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Central Lunatic Asylum for Colored Insane, Virginia.","Central State Hospital (Petersburg, Va.).","Eastern State Hospital (Va.).","Western State Hospital (Va.)."],"corpname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Central Lunatic Asylum for Colored Insane, Virginia.","Central State Hospital (Petersburg, Va.).","Eastern State Hospital (Va.).","Western State Hospital (Va.)."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:59:39.457Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05134"}},{"id":"vi_vi05135","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, \n 1906 May","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05135#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05135#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLouisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, 1906 May, pertains to a smallpox outbreak of Dec. 1902-Apr. 1903, during which a local dry goods business, Yancey Brothers, served as a quarantine hospital and all goods/wares were ordered destroyed afterward. Legal issue in question was whether the county was liable to Yancey for goods used and/or destroyed during the four-month outbreak, and whether all information was correctly provided to the jury. Other issues in question relate to proper use of authority and eminent domain vs. police power. Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05135#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi05135","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05135","_root_":"vi_vi05135","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05135.xml","title_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, \n 1906 May\n"],"title_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, \n 1906 May\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0007787125\n"],"text":["0007787125\n","Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, \n 1906 May","African Americans--Virginia--Louisa County.","Civil Procedure--Virginia--Louisa County.","Eminent Domain--Virginia--Louisa County.","Medical laws and legislation--Virginia--Louisa County.","Physicians--Virginia--Louisa County.","Public health--Virginia.","Public health administration--Virginia.","Public records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Quarantine--Virginia--Louisa County.","Smallpox--Virginia--Louisa County.","Health and Medical--Virginia--Louisa County.","Local government records--Virginia--Louisa County.","Chronological.\n","Louisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, 1906 May, pertains to a smallpox outbreak of Dec. 1902-Apr. 1903, during which a local dry goods business, Yancey Brothers, served as a quarantine hospital and all goods/wares were ordered destroyed afterward. Legal issue in question was whether the county was liable to Yancey for goods used and/or destroyed during the four-month outbreak, and whether all information was correctly provided to the jury. Other issues in question relate to proper use of authority and eminent domain vs. police power. Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Virginia--Supreme Court of Appeals. 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It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Louisa County was named for Louisa, a daughter of King George II and wife of King Frederick V of Denmark. It was formed from Hanover County in 1742.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLouisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, 1906 May, pertains to a smallpox outbreak of Dec. 1902-Apr. 1903, during which a local dry goods business, Yancey Brothers, served as a quarantine hospital and all goods/wares were ordered destroyed afterward. Legal issue in question was whether the county was liable to Yancey for goods used and/or destroyed during the four-month outbreak, and whether all information was correctly provided to the jury. Other issues in question relate to proper use of authority and eminent domain vs. police power. Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, 1906 May, pertains to a smallpox outbreak of Dec. 1902-Apr. 1903, during which a local dry goods business, Yancey Brothers, served as a quarantine hospital and all goods/wares were ordered destroyed afterward. Legal issue in question was whether the county was liable to Yancey for goods used and/or destroyed during the four-month outbreak, and whether all information was correctly provided to the jury. Other issues in question relate to proper use of authority and eminent domain vs. police power. Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903.\n"],"names_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Virginia--Supreme Court of Appeals. "],"corpname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Virginia--Supreme Court of Appeals. "],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T01:24:54.745Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05135","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05135","_root_":"vi_vi05135","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05135.xml","title_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, \n 1906 May\n"],"title_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, \n 1906 May\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0007787125\n"],"text":["0007787125\n","Louisa County (Va.) 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Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, 1906 May, pertains to a smallpox outbreak of Dec. 1902-Apr. 1903, during which a local dry goods business, Yancey Brothers, served as a quarantine hospital and all goods/wares were ordered destroyed afterward. Legal issue in question was whether the county was liable to Yancey for goods used and/or destroyed during the four-month outbreak, and whether all information was correctly provided to the jury. Other issues in question relate to proper use of authority and eminent domain vs. police power. Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903.\n","Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Virginia--Supreme Court of Appeals. 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Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Louisa County (Va.) Judgment, Lewis Yancey, surviving partner vs. Louisa County, 1906 May, pertains to a smallpox outbreak of Dec. 1902-Apr. 1903, during which a local dry goods business, Yancey Brothers, served as a quarantine hospital and all goods/wares were ordered destroyed afterward. Legal issue in question was whether the county was liable to Yancey for goods used and/or destroyed during the four-month outbreak, and whether all information was correctly provided to the jury. Other issues in question relate to proper use of authority and eminent domain vs. police power. Includes printed proceedings as the county appealed, and later was heard by the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals as Louisa County v. Yancey's Trustee et al. Jan 21, 1909. Documents reference the actions of Dr. P.P. May and the service of colored nurse \"Davy\" David Woofolk for 94 days between Dec 29, 1902-Apr 5, 1903.\n"],"names_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Virginia--Supreme Court of Appeals. "],"corpname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Virginia--Supreme Court of Appeals. 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