{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Glass+negatives\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Glass+negatives\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Abraham Anson papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Anson, Abraham","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes aerial photographs, publications, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, notebooks, color slides, glass slides, and maps.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_517.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Abraham Anson papers","title_ssm":["Abraham Anson papers"],"title_tesim":["Abraham Anson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939 -2005"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1939 -2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0069","/repositories/2/resources/517"],"text":["C0069","/repositories/2/resources/517","Abraham Anson papers","Aerial photographs","Letters","Maps","Photogrammetry","Photography","Remote sensing","Glass negatives","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","Manuscripts","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Personal Items, 1939-2005 (Boxes 1 - 3) Series 2: Maps and Photographs, 1940-2004 (Boxes 4 - 12) Series 3: Publications, 1943-2005 (Boxes 13 - 31)","Born January 21, 1912 to Ida and Emil Anson, Abraham Anson attended New York City University before joining the army. 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Abraham Anson passed away May 29, 2005."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbraham Anson papers, C0069, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Abraham Anson papers, C0069, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Bill Keeler in January 2018. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in January 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Bill Keeler in January 2018. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in January 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Items (1939-2005) includes notes, correspondence, academic records, memoirs, programs, and military records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Maps and Photographs (1940-2004) includes maps, color slides, glass slides, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3: Publications (1943-2005) includes books, magazines, reports, and manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series 1: Personal Items (1939-2005) includes notes, correspondence, academic records, memoirs, programs, and military records.\n","\nSeries 2: Maps and Photographs (1940-2004) includes maps, color slides, glass slides, and photographs.","\nSeries 3: Publications (1943-2005) includes books, magazines, reports, and manuscripts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe collection includes aerial photographs, publications, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, notebooks, color slides, glass slides, and maps.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes aerial photographs, publications, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, notebooks, color slides, glass slides, and maps."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Anson, Abraham"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Anson, Abraham"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":383,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:29:15.553Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_517.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Abraham Anson papers","title_ssm":["Abraham Anson papers"],"title_tesim":["Abraham Anson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939 -2005"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1939 -2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0069","/repositories/2/resources/517"],"text":["C0069","/repositories/2/resources/517","Abraham Anson papers","Aerial photographs","Letters","Maps","Photogrammetry","Photography","Remote sensing","Glass negatives","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","Manuscripts","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Personal Items, 1939-2005 (Boxes 1 - 3) Series 2: Maps and Photographs, 1940-2004 (Boxes 4 - 12) Series 3: Publications, 1943-2005 (Boxes 13 - 31)","Born January 21, 1912 to Ida and Emil Anson, Abraham Anson attended New York City University before joining the army. During his service, Anson would attain the rank of Lieutenant Colonel as well as make significant contributions to the training of incoming recruits. He retired from the army on January 21, 1972. Anson was paramount in the designing of equipment with the Army Corps of Engineers that aided in mapping."," Anson was an incredibly active member with the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing and also has a memorial scholarship in his name. Along with his significant contributions to the world of photogrammetry, the process of measuring distances between objects through the utilization of photography, Anson was extremely adept at surveying and mapping, and was a very talented painter. Abraham Anson passed away May 29, 2005.","Processed by Bill Keeler in January 2018. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in January 2018.","Series 1: Personal Items (1939-2005) includes notes, correspondence, academic records, memoirs, programs, and military records.\n","\nSeries 2: Maps and Photographs (1940-2004) includes maps, color slides, glass slides, and photographs.","\nSeries 3: Publications (1943-2005) includes books, magazines, reports, and manuscripts.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection includes aerial photographs, publications, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, notebooks, color slides, glass slides, and maps.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Anson, Abraham","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["C0069","/repositories/2/resources/517"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abraham Anson papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Abraham Anson papers"],"collection_ssim":["Abraham Anson papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Anson, Abraham"],"creator_ssim":["Anson, Abraham"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Anson, Abraham"],"creators_ssim":["Anson, Abraham"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Myra Anson-Nicholas on December 5, 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aerial photographs","Letters","Maps","Photogrammetry","Photography","Remote sensing","Glass negatives","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","Manuscripts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aerial photographs","Letters","Maps","Photogrammetry","Photography","Remote sensing","Glass negatives","Slides (Photography)","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","Manuscripts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.5 Linear Feet 31 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12.5 Linear Feet 31 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","Manuscripts"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Personal Items, 1939-2005 (Boxes 1 - 3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps and Photographs, 1940-2004 (Boxes 4 - 12)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Publications, 1943-2005 (Boxes 13 - 31)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Personal Items, 1939-2005 (Boxes 1 - 3) Series 2: Maps and Photographs, 1940-2004 (Boxes 4 - 12) Series 3: Publications, 1943-2005 (Boxes 13 - 31)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn January 21, 1912 to Ida and Emil Anson, Abraham Anson attended New York City University before joining the army. During his service, Anson would attain the rank of Lieutenant Colonel as well as make significant contributions to the training of incoming recruits. He retired from the army on January 21, 1972. Anson was paramount in the designing of equipment with the Army Corps of Engineers that aided in mapping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Anson was an incredibly active member with the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing and also has a memorial scholarship in his name. Along with his significant contributions to the world of photogrammetry, the process of measuring distances between objects through the utilization of photography, Anson was extremely adept at surveying and mapping, and was a very talented painter. Abraham Anson passed away May 29, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born January 21, 1912 to Ida and Emil Anson, Abraham Anson attended New York City University before joining the army. During his service, Anson would attain the rank of Lieutenant Colonel as well as make significant contributions to the training of incoming recruits. He retired from the army on January 21, 1972. Anson was paramount in the designing of equipment with the Army Corps of Engineers that aided in mapping."," Anson was an incredibly active member with the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing and also has a memorial scholarship in his name. Along with his significant contributions to the world of photogrammetry, the process of measuring distances between objects through the utilization of photography, Anson was extremely adept at surveying and mapping, and was a very talented painter. Abraham Anson passed away May 29, 2005."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbraham Anson papers, C0069, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Abraham Anson papers, C0069, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Bill Keeler in January 2018. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in January 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Bill Keeler in January 2018. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in January 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Items (1939-2005) includes notes, correspondence, academic records, memoirs, programs, and military records.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Maps and Photographs (1940-2004) includes maps, color slides, glass slides, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3: Publications (1943-2005) includes books, magazines, reports, and manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series 1: Personal Items (1939-2005) includes notes, correspondence, academic records, memoirs, programs, and military records.\n","\nSeries 2: Maps and Photographs (1940-2004) includes maps, color slides, glass slides, and photographs.","\nSeries 3: Publications (1943-2005) includes books, magazines, reports, and manuscripts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe collection includes aerial photographs, publications, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, notebooks, color slides, glass slides, and maps.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes aerial photographs, publications, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, notebooks, color slides, glass slides, and maps."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Anson, Abraham"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Anson, Abraham"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":383,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:29:15.553Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_517"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nagurney, Mr.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_191.xml","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1923 - 1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923 - 1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"text":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191","Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Manchuria (China)","China","Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives","Collection is open to research.","The entire collection is available online through the  .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.","Arranged into four series.","Series Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2) Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.","Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. "," Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. "," Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire."," Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. "," Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. ","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"geogname_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"creator_ssm":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creators_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"places_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is available online through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~29~29\" title=\"Japanese invasion of Manchuria collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The entire collection is available online through the  .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into four series.","Series Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2) Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. "," Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. "," Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire."," Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. "," Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e09b4d420beb4280c6f583203812a7f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"names_coll_ssim":["Japan. Rikugun"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:23:25.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_191.xml","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1923 - 1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923 - 1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"text":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191","Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Manchuria (China)","China","Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives","Collection is open to research.","The entire collection is available online through the  .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.","Arranged into four series.","Series Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2) Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.","Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. "," Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. "," Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire."," Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. "," Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. ","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"geogname_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"creator_ssm":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creators_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"places_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is available online through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~29~29\" title=\"Japanese invasion of Manchuria collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The entire collection is available online through the  .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into four series.","Series Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1) Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2) Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. "," Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. "," Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire."," Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. "," Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e09b4d420beb4280c6f583203812a7f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"names_coll_ssim":["Japan. Rikugun"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. 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