{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Geology\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Geology\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"American Brake Shoe Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2009.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.025"],"text":["Ms.1995.025","Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records","The collection is open for research.","The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).","The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.","The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel","Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 .","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company"],"creators_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","American Brake Shoe Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals from 1995-1997. One report donated in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"extent_tesim":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Condition Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History - American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex Corporation)","Biographical Note - Howard S. Avery"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e, which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/researcht/local-history/howard-s-avery/\"\u003eHoward Avery Archives\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/archival-collections/finding-aids/american-brake-shoe-foundry-collection/\"\u003eAmerican Brake Shoe \u0026amp; Foundry Collection\u003c/a\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.njdigitalhistory.org/mahwah/collections/show/17\"\u003eSome of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSA - Howard S. Avery\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eASM - American Society for Metals\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eACI - Alloy Casting Institute\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books were separated to the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?idx=\u0026amp;q=avery-abex\u0026amp;sort_by=relevance_dsc\u0026amp;count=20\u0026amp;limit=location:slg\"\u003eRare Book Collection\u003c/a\u003e and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_43927231dd0b57a808bff041f8f8a86e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_53b95e0cbb25f176806bb59ceb410b92\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company"],"persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:46.862Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2009.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1920s-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.025"],"text":["Ms.1995.025","Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection","Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records","The collection is open for research.","The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).","The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.","The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel","Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 .","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Brake Shoe Company"],"creators_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996","American Brake Shoe Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals from 1995-1997. One report donated in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science and Technology","Metallurgy","Geology","Businesspeople","Inventors","Administrative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"extent_tesim":["248 Cubic Feet 165 boxes; approx. 100 feet of metallurgical samples in cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Condition Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History - American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex Corporation)","Biographical Note - Howard S. Avery"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe Company was formed as the American Brake Shoe and Foundry Company in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research in mineral extraction, cement, construction, dredging, timber, railroad, and non-magnetic (e.g., submarine). Testing facilities included metallographic evaluation, chemical analysis, machining, heat treatment, various non-destructive methods such as x-ray testing, abrasion, physical, and mechanical analysis. In 1966, the company became Abex Corporation, and upon the purchase of Abex by Illinois Central Industries in 1990, the research center was closed.","The materials forming the collection were rescued from destruction by Mr. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI honors graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), one of the Mahwah Research Center's leading research metallurgists, with a national reputation in the field of wear-resistant and heat-resistant alloy research. His research career spanned 60 years, and his work included metals abrasion wear resistance analyses; hard surface facing and welding; manganese steel; and high chromium stainless steel; with primary areas of specialization being alloys utilized for railroad tracking, as well as austenitic manganese steel (alloy composition and heat treatment analysis)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Avery-Abex Metallurgical Collection, Ms1995-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Minimal description and some processing was undertaken in 1998 and 1999. ","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e, which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/researcht/local-history/howard-s-avery/\"\u003eHoward Avery Archives\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://mahwahmuseum.org/archival-collections/finding-aids/american-brake-shoe-foundry-collection/\"\u003eAmerican Brake Shoe \u0026amp; Foundry Collection\u003c/a\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.njdigitalhistory.org/mahwah/collections/show/17\"\u003eSome of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives also has the  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 , which primarily relates to Avery's personal and professional life in Virginia.","The Mahwah Museum in Mahwah, New Jersey, holds the  Howard Avery Archives  and the  American Brake Shoe \u0026 Foundry Collection .  Some of the American Brake Shoe Collection is available online in the Mahwah Digital History Archive."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSA - Howard S. Avery\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eASM - American Society for Metals\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eACI - Alloy Casting Institute\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the research of metallurgist Howard S. Avery over the span of 50 years at the American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company's Mahwah Research Center. Research topics concern mechanical properties, metallographic alloy microstructure, physical (electrical, conductive, or thermal) properties, spectroscopy (chemical) analysis, tribology (sliding and lubricant properties), and light, x-ray and other defractional properties. Data is available from experimental foundry \"heats\" of combined and melted alloys, hot tensile and room temperature tensile tests, and alloy compositions. Research data is recorded on glass negatives (photomicrographs) and metallographic photographs, in polymer resin-encased specimens (ca. 40,000), \"Polaroid\" negatives and prints, and ca. 3,000 case files (paper and microfiche). There are also master log books and a listing of compositions on keypunch cards, some of the Battelle Institute Research Reports, as well as research related publications and reference books.","Please note:  The collection is being processed. An in-progress inventory of the collection is available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection: HSA - Howard S. Avery HRA - Heat Resistant Alloy(s) CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy or Alloys HSWR - Hard Surfacing Welding Rod ASM - American Society for Metals ACI - Alloy Casting Institute L.S. - Lantern slides, usually these are glass slides or plastic transparencies Chemical symbols - Used for chemical elements and compounds, such as γ Mn St for Austenite Manganese Steel"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books were separated to the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?idx=\u0026amp;q=avery-abex\u0026amp;sort_by=relevance_dsc\u0026amp;count=20\u0026amp;limit=location:slg\"\u003eRare Book Collection\u003c/a\u003e and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2059.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eHoward S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books were separated to the  Rare Book Collection  and Newman Library. Duplicates were weeded.","Some of Avery's personal papers and early professional papers were separated to  Howard S. Avery Papers,  Ms1997-026 ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_43927231dd0b57a808bff041f8f8a86e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The American Brake Shoe (later Abex) Company was formed in 1902 from the merger of five smaller foundries that specialized in railroad brake shoes, castings and forging, as well as hydraulic equipment. The research laboratory, known as the Mahwah Research Center, from which the collection is drawn, did applied industrial research, but was closed in 1990. Howard Avery (1906-1996), VPI graduate (B.Sc. MinE 1927, M.Sc. MinE 1928), was one of the center's leading research metallurgists. Collection includes research data of the properties of metals conducted by The American Brake Shoe Company (later Abex). Materials include research files, photographic materials, polymer resin-encased specimens, publications, and more."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_53b95e0cbb25f176806bb59ceb410b92\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company","Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Brake Shoe Company"],"persname_ssim":["Avery, Howard S. (Howard Shaeffer), 1906-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:46.862Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2009"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Byron Nelson Cooper Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cooper, Byron Nelson, Papers","title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1973.004"],"text":["Ms.1973.004","Byron Nelson Cooper Papers","Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.","Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.","The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.","See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.","This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.","The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1973.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creators_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Byron Nelson Cooper Papers were donated to the Geology Library and transferred to Special Collections in 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/265\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description "],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_439.xml\"\u003eVirginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,\u003c/a\u003e which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_31cd5bee886a7089cd4ccf48552ca42a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3121efb0439ebea330d36efebf9b0c51\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:32.857Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cooper, Byron Nelson, Papers","title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1973.004"],"text":["Ms.1973.004","Byron Nelson Cooper Papers","Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.","Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.","The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.","See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.","This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.","The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1973.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Byron Nelson Cooper Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"creators_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Byron Nelson Cooper Papers were donated to the Geology Library and transferred to Special Collections in 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Geology","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/265\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection largely retains Cooper's original order, though a few changes have been made for clarity, and an assortment of unfiled materials have either been incorporated into existing files or added as new files. Among these previously unsorted materials are most of the collection's photographs and negatives. The collection is divided into two series:","Series I. Subject Files, 1925-1971. Cooper's subject files contain materials relating to the consulting work he performed for various businesses, industries, and local governments; his activities with various professional organizations; and both his instructional and administrative duties as head of Virginia Tech's Department of Geological Sciences. Included are correspondence and memoranda, drafts of research papers, research data and notes; preparatory materials for tours, talks, and publications; maps; printed materials; and photographs. Also included is a single folder relating to Cooper's personal life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. In cases in which a folder contains only a titled article or speech text, the file title has been placed in quotation marks. ","Series II. Photographs and Negatives, 1953-ca. 1970. The items within this series were among materials in Cooper's papers that had remained largely unsorted and unfiled. The series consists largely of images of geological samples and sites, though it also includes photos of students, facilities, and general scenery. Also included are two short, unidentified 16mm films. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject, with a folder of miscellaneous images near the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eByron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Byron Nelson Cooper was born the son of Frank L. and Stella P. Lynch Cooper in Plainfield, Indiana, on August 19, 1912. After graduating from DePauw University in 1934, Cooper earned his master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Iowa. Both his master's thesis (1935) and doctoral dissertation (1937) focused on topics relating to the geology of southwestern Virginia. While gathering research data in Southwest Virginia, Cooper met and married Elizabeth Doyne, of Pulaski County. (The couple would have two children.) Upon completion of his Ph.D., Cooper served as assistant professor of geology at Wichita University from 1937 to 1942, then as associate geologist of the Virginia Geological Survey for four years, before being named head of the Department of Geological Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1946.","Cooper became an active advocate for his charge, building a nationally recognized department from what had been a fledgling operation. He also promoted geology--particularly Appalachian geology--among the larger lay and professional community through speaking engagements and field trips. Cooper's consulting services were frequently sought by business and industrial concerns throughout Virginia, and he often assisted local governments, particularly with issues relating to water supply. He served on the Advisory Council on Virginia's Economy and the Governor's Advisory Council on Geology and was an active member of several professional organizations. ","Byron Nelson Cooper died in his campus office on March 26, 1971."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description "],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Byron Nelson Cooper Papers, Ms1973-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Byron Nelson Cooper Papers commenced in December 2012 and was completed in January 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_439.xml\"\u003eVirginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,\u003c/a\u003e which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Virginia Mineral Resources, Map-0080,  which relates to Cooper, also at Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Byron Nelson Cooper, head of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971. Included are correspondence, writings, research data, and photographs, largely relating to Appalachian geology, particularly that of southwestern Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBlacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following item was removed from Cooper's papers and added to the Historical Map Collection:","Blacksburg, Va. Zoning Map. [Blacksburg, VA?: s.n.], 1968."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_31cd5bee886a7089cd4ccf48552ca42a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence; writings; research records; administrative, instructional, and consulting files; and photographs of Byron Nelson Cooper, professor of geology and head of Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Department of Geological Sciences from 1946 to 1971."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3121efb0439ebea330d36efebf9b0c51\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Cooper, Byron Nelson, 1912-1971"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:30:32.857Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1279"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1114","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Geology of the Blacksburg Quadrangle, Virginia","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1114#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bartholomew, M. 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