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Bond, Compiler, Research Papers regarding Vandalia Colony and West Virginia Forts","Vandalia.","Fortification","No special access restriction applies.","Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents.","Papers regarding Vandalia include manuscripts of chapters one and two from Bond's Vandalia book project, and biographies of those involved in the venture to found the new colony; there are also files of repositories visited by Bond, research correspondence, indexes and files of research sources and notes, photocopies of original 18th century documents (originals held by the former Public Record Office of the UK and Stafford County Record Office), and a working bibliography.","Papers regarding forts in western Virginia include research notes and correspondence, maps, and manuscripts of historical narratives by Bond.","There are also miscellaneous materials such as notes, manuscripts, and correspondence regarding the history of newspapers in Morgantown, the formation of a Monongalia County in Minnesota, Mills and Milling, Viking Ships, and the Melungeon people in West Virginia.","There are three rolls of microfilm containing:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst (1754-1764) with Virginia Lieutenant Governors John Blair and Francis Fauquier, among other colonial officials, regarding defensive frontier forts and other matters relating to the war with the French and Indians, and Pontiac's Rebellion (120 feet).","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin (1768-1772) regarding the proposed Vandalia Colony.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations pertaining to the petition of Robert Walpole, Benjamin Franklin, and John Sargent to establish the Colony of Vandalia.","Notes regarding the microfilm:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst -- Property of the Library of Congress, Gift of the Council of Learned Societies, 7/18/1945: P.R.O. ACLS British Manuscripts Project, Reel Public Record Office 275.","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin -- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 76 5928; 93.i.8.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations --- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 765925. P B. mic; 3750.103.k.52. (See labeling on this microfilm.)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents. Material covers the years 1754-2002.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Bond, Donovan H.","English \n.    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Bond, Compiler, Research Papers regarding Vandalia Colony and West Virginia Forts, A\u0026amp;M 3702, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Donovan H. Bond, Compiler, Research Papers regarding Vandalia Colony and West Virginia Forts, A\u0026M 3702, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers regarding Vandalia include manuscripts of chapters one and two from Bond's Vandalia book project, and biographies of those involved in the venture to found the new colony; there are also files of repositories visited by Bond, research correspondence, indexes and files of research sources and notes, photocopies of original 18th century documents (originals held by the former Public Record Office of the UK and Stafford County Record Office), and a working bibliography.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers regarding forts in western Virginia include research notes and correspondence, maps, and manuscripts of historical narratives by Bond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also miscellaneous materials such as notes, manuscripts, and correspondence regarding the history of newspapers in Morgantown, the formation of a Monongalia County in Minnesota, Mills and Milling, Viking Ships, and the Melungeon people in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are three rolls of microfilm containing:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst (1754-1764) with Virginia Lieutenant Governors John Blair and Francis Fauquier, among other colonial officials, regarding defensive frontier forts and other matters relating to the war with the French and Indians, and Pontiac's Rebellion (120 feet).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin (1768-1772) regarding the proposed Vandalia Colony.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations pertaining to the petition of Robert Walpole, Benjamin Franklin, and John Sargent to establish the Colony of Vandalia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotes regarding the microfilm:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst -- Property of the Library of Congress, Gift of the Council of Learned Societies, 7/18/1945: P.R.O. ACLS British Manuscripts Project, Reel Public Record Office 275.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin -- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 76 5928; 93.i.8.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations --- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 765925. P B. mic; 3750.103.k.52. (See labeling on this microfilm.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents.","Papers regarding Vandalia include manuscripts of chapters one and two from Bond's Vandalia book project, and biographies of those involved in the venture to found the new colony; there are also files of repositories visited by Bond, research correspondence, indexes and files of research sources and notes, photocopies of original 18th century documents (originals held by the former Public Record Office of the UK and Stafford County Record Office), and a working bibliography.","Papers regarding forts in western Virginia include research notes and correspondence, maps, and manuscripts of historical narratives by Bond.","There are also miscellaneous materials such as notes, manuscripts, and correspondence regarding the history of newspapers in Morgantown, the formation of a Monongalia County in Minnesota, Mills and Milling, Viking Ships, and the Melungeon people in West Virginia.","There are three rolls of microfilm containing:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst (1754-1764) with Virginia Lieutenant Governors John Blair and Francis Fauquier, among other colonial officials, regarding defensive frontier forts and other matters relating to the war with the French and Indians, and Pontiac's Rebellion (120 feet).","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin (1768-1772) regarding the proposed Vandalia Colony.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations pertaining to the petition of Robert Walpole, Benjamin Franklin, and John Sargent to establish the Colony of Vandalia.","Notes regarding the microfilm:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst -- Property of the Library of Congress, Gift of the Council of Learned Societies, 7/18/1945: P.R.O. ACLS British Manuscripts Project, Reel Public Record Office 275.","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin -- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 76 5928; 93.i.8.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations --- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 765925. P B. mic; 3750.103.k.52. (See labeling on this microfilm.)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2bb26c7096b9853adca84f03c5d73e54\"\u003eResearch papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents. Material covers the years 1754-2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents. 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Bond, Compiler, Research Papers regarding Vandalia Colony and West Virginia Forts","Vandalia.","Fortification","No special access restriction applies.","Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents.","Papers regarding Vandalia include manuscripts of chapters one and two from Bond's Vandalia book project, and biographies of those involved in the venture to found the new colony; there are also files of repositories visited by Bond, research correspondence, indexes and files of research sources and notes, photocopies of original 18th century documents (originals held by the former Public Record Office of the UK and Stafford County Record Office), and a working bibliography.","Papers regarding forts in western Virginia include research notes and correspondence, maps, and manuscripts of historical narratives by Bond.","There are also miscellaneous materials such as notes, manuscripts, and correspondence regarding the history of newspapers in Morgantown, the formation of a Monongalia County in Minnesota, Mills and Milling, Viking Ships, and the Melungeon people in West Virginia.","There are three rolls of microfilm containing:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst (1754-1764) with Virginia Lieutenant Governors John Blair and Francis Fauquier, among other colonial officials, regarding defensive frontier forts and other matters relating to the war with the French and Indians, and Pontiac's Rebellion (120 feet).","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin (1768-1772) regarding the proposed Vandalia Colony.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations pertaining to the petition of Robert Walpole, Benjamin Franklin, and John Sargent to establish the Colony of Vandalia.","Notes regarding the microfilm:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst -- Property of the Library of Congress, Gift of the Council of Learned Societies, 7/18/1945: P.R.O. ACLS British Manuscripts Project, Reel Public Record Office 275.","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin -- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 76 5928; 93.i.8.","3.) 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Bond, Compiler, Research Papers regarding Vandalia Colony and West Virginia Forts, A\u0026amp;M 3702, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Donovan H. Bond, Compiler, Research Papers regarding Vandalia Colony and West Virginia Forts, A\u0026M 3702, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers regarding Vandalia include manuscripts of chapters one and two from Bond's Vandalia book project, and biographies of those involved in the venture to found the new colony; there are also files of repositories visited by Bond, research correspondence, indexes and files of research sources and notes, photocopies of original 18th century documents (originals held by the former Public Record Office of the UK and Stafford County Record Office), and a working bibliography.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers regarding forts in western Virginia include research notes and correspondence, maps, and manuscripts of historical narratives by Bond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also miscellaneous materials such as notes, manuscripts, and correspondence regarding the history of newspapers in Morgantown, the formation of a Monongalia County in Minnesota, Mills and Milling, Viking Ships, and the Melungeon people in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are three rolls of microfilm containing:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst (1754-1764) with Virginia Lieutenant Governors John Blair and Francis Fauquier, among other colonial officials, regarding defensive frontier forts and other matters relating to the war with the French and Indians, and Pontiac's Rebellion (120 feet).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin (1768-1772) regarding the proposed Vandalia Colony.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations pertaining to the petition of Robert Walpole, Benjamin Franklin, and John Sargent to establish the Colony of Vandalia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotes regarding the microfilm:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst -- Property of the Library of Congress, Gift of the Council of Learned Societies, 7/18/1945: P.R.O. ACLS British Manuscripts Project, Reel Public Record Office 275.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin -- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 76 5928; 93.i.8.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations --- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 765925. P B. mic; 3750.103.k.52. (See labeling on this microfilm.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents.","Papers regarding Vandalia include manuscripts of chapters one and two from Bond's Vandalia book project, and biographies of those involved in the venture to found the new colony; there are also files of repositories visited by Bond, research correspondence, indexes and files of research sources and notes, photocopies of original 18th century documents (originals held by the former Public Record Office of the UK and Stafford County Record Office), and a working bibliography.","Papers regarding forts in western Virginia include research notes and correspondence, maps, and manuscripts of historical narratives by Bond.","There are also miscellaneous materials such as notes, manuscripts, and correspondence regarding the history of newspapers in Morgantown, the formation of a Monongalia County in Minnesota, Mills and Milling, Viking Ships, and the Melungeon people in West Virginia.","There are three rolls of microfilm containing:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst (1754-1764) with Virginia Lieutenant Governors John Blair and Francis Fauquier, among other colonial officials, regarding defensive frontier forts and other matters relating to the war with the French and Indians, and Pontiac's Rebellion (120 feet).","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin (1768-1772) regarding the proposed Vandalia Colony.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations pertaining to the petition of Robert Walpole, Benjamin Franklin, and John Sargent to establish the Colony of Vandalia.","Notes regarding the microfilm:","1.) Correspondence of British Crown Governor Jeffery Amherst -- Property of the Library of Congress, Gift of the Council of Learned Societies, 7/18/1945: P.R.O. ACLS British Manuscripts Project, Reel Public Record Office 275.","2.) Correspondence of Benjamin Franklin -- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 76 5928; 93.i.8.","3.) The 1772 Report of the Council of Trade and Plantations --- Copyright of the British Library Board: P.S. 765925. P B. mic; 3750.103.k.52. (See labeling on this microfilm.)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2bb26c7096b9853adca84f03c5d73e54\"\u003eResearch papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents. Material covers the years 1754-2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Research papers of Donovan Bond, a professor of Journalism at West Virginia University, regarding the 1772 proposal for a Colony of Vandalia in western Virginia territory, and histories of frontier forts (ca. 1749-1794) in western Virginia. Also includes photocopies of original 18th century documents. Material covers the years 1754-2002."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cb694085ef50441f4a6d454c3e7511cf\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Bond, Donovan H."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Bond, Donovan H."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:15:02.497Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2141"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c106","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Exact plan of General Gage's lines on Boston Neck in America","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c106#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c106","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c106"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c106","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"text":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","Exact plan of General Gage's lines on Boston Neck in America","Losses to margin and some spotting.","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Boston (Mass.)","Fortification","Maps (documents)","English .","Drawer 122 : L : 4","Section 5","Client reference #280; WAG #289330","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.","Philadelphia : R. Aitken, 1775","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5","Scale [ca. 1:3,325]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by form lines. Oriented with north towards the upper right. \"Engrav'd for the Pennsylv. Magazine.\" From Pennylvania Magazine 1(1775), opposite page 358."],"title_filing_ssi":"Exact plan of General Gage's lines on Boston Neck in America","title_ssm":["Exact plan of General Gage's lines on Boston Neck in America"],"title_tesim":["Exact plan of General Gage's lines on Boston Neck in America"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1775"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1775"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Exact plan of General Gage's lines on Boston Neck in America"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. 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The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1775],"names_ssim":["Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802"],"persname_ssim":["Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802"],"geogname_ssim":["Boston (Mass.)"],"geogname_ssm":["Boston (Mass.)"],"places_ssim":["Boston (Mass.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fortification","Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fortification","Maps (documents)"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["Drawer 122 : L : 4","Section 5"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClient reference #280; WAG #289330\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Reference numbers","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Client reference #280; WAG #289330","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia : R. Aitken, 1775\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Created/Published"],"odd_tesim":["Philadelphia : R. Aitken, 1775"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related references"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5"],"materialspec_html_tesm":["\u003cmaterialspec id=\"aspace_97a697b0cb0f89c39104743601097fcb\"\u003eScale [ca. 1:3,325]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by form lines. Oriented with north towards the upper right. \"Engrav'd for the Pennsylv. Magazine.\" From Pennylvania Magazine 1(1775), opposite page 358.\u003c/materialspec\u003e"],"materialspec_tesim":["Scale [ca. 1:3,325]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by form lines. Oriented with north towards the upper right. \"Engrav'd for the Pennsylv. Magazine.\" From Pennylvania Magazine 1(1775), opposite page 358."],"_nest_path_":"/components#105","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:45:00.969Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_74.xml","title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"text":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74","Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783","Maps (documents)","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. (Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. 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B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. 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Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ad157dc8c53286c75d08efe1e5671fa2\"\u003eTwo maps and one description of the Fort Van Metre property; a copy of the will of Abraham Van Metre, 1780; sketch of Major Samuel McCulloch; and a picture of Shaw Hall, West Liberty College, thought to be the site of the fort.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Two maps and one description of the Fort Van Metre property; a copy of the will of Abraham Van Metre, 1780; sketch of Major Samuel McCulloch; and a picture of Shaw Hall, West Liberty College, thought to be the site of the fort."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5146c08339522812fb303f8209c01d85\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Liberty State College","Van Metre, Abraham.","McCulloch, Samuel."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Liberty State College","Fort Van Metre","Van Metre, Abraham.","McCulloch, Samuel."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Liberty State College"],"persname_ssim":["Fort Van Metre","Van Metre, Abraham.","McCulloch, Samuel."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:11:43.268Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5952"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ice's Ferry","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Five typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. The first typescript is \"Ice's Ferry,\" (8 pp., undated) an account of the Ice family and of Ice's Ferry in Monongalia County, with comments on frontier and pioneer life in western Virginia, apparently written by Virginia H. Conaway of Marion County. The second item is a variant copy of the \"Ice's Ferry,\" typescript (10 pp., undated). The third typescript is a copy of \"Historical Notes on Ice's Ferry,\" written by John L. Johnston (6 pp., 1920). Covering the time span of 1758-1920, the narrative describes early settlements, roads, forts, Indians, industries, land offices, and families prominent in the development of areas near Ice's Ferry. Mention is made of the proposed construction of a dam and recreation area on the Cheat River. The fourth item is a facsimile typescript of \"Some of the Earliest History of the Ice Family\" (9 pp., undated), which covers roughly 1680 through the 1900s. The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2597.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/212395","title_ssm":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"title_tesim":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920 and undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1920 and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0379","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2597"],"text":["A\u0026M 0379","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2597","Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents","Cheat River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ice's Ferry.","Fortification","Indians of North America","Frontier and pioneer life","Rivers and river valleys.","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","379, 553","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Five typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. The first typescript is \"Ice's Ferry,\" (8 pp., undated) an account of the Ice family and of Ice's Ferry in Monongalia County, with comments on frontier and pioneer life in western Virginia, apparently written by Virginia H. Conaway of Marion County. The second item is a variant copy of the \"Ice's Ferry,\" typescript (10 pp., undated). The third typescript is a copy of \"Historical Notes on Ice's Ferry,\" written by John L. Johnston (6 pp., 1920). Covering the time span of 1758-1920, the narrative describes early settlements, roads, forts, Indians, industries, land offices, and families prominent in the development of areas near Ice's Ferry. Mention is made of the proposed construction of a dam and recreation area on the Cheat River. The fourth item is a facsimile typescript of \"Some of the Earliest History of the Ice Family\" (9 pp., undated), which covers roughly 1680 through the 1900s. The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Ice's Ferry","Ice family","Conaway, Virginia H.","Johnston, John L.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0379","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2597"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"collection_ssim":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cheat River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ice's Ferry."],"geogname_ssim":["Cheat River (W. 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SEE ALSO Turnpikes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder, 0.25 in."],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder, 0.25 in."],"date_range_isim":[1920],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents, A\u0026amp;M 0379, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents, A\u0026M 0379, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e379, 553\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["379, 553"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_943a1c020f03d7a8301273233237d26d\"\u003eFive typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. The first typescript is \"Ice's Ferry,\" (8 pp., undated) an account of the Ice family and of Ice's Ferry in Monongalia County, with comments on frontier and pioneer life in western Virginia, apparently written by Virginia H. Conaway of Marion County. The second item is a variant copy of the \"Ice's Ferry,\" typescript (10 pp., undated). The third typescript is a copy of \"Historical Notes on Ice's Ferry,\" written by John L. Johnston (6 pp., 1920). Covering the time span of 1758-1920, the narrative describes early settlements, roads, forts, Indians, industries, land offices, and families prominent in the development of areas near Ice's Ferry. Mention is made of the proposed construction of a dam and recreation area on the Cheat River. The fourth item is a facsimile typescript of \"Some of the Earliest History of the Ice Family\" (9 pp., undated), which covers roughly 1680 through the 1900s. The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Five typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. The first typescript is \"Ice's Ferry,\" (8 pp., undated) an account of the Ice family and of Ice's Ferry in Monongalia County, with comments on frontier and pioneer life in western Virginia, apparently written by Virginia H. Conaway of Marion County. The second item is a variant copy of the \"Ice's Ferry,\" typescript (10 pp., undated). The third typescript is a copy of \"Historical Notes on Ice's Ferry,\" written by John L. Johnston (6 pp., 1920). Covering the time span of 1758-1920, the narrative describes early settlements, roads, forts, Indians, industries, land offices, and families prominent in the development of areas near Ice's Ferry. Mention is made of the proposed construction of a dam and recreation area on the Cheat River. The fourth item is a facsimile typescript of \"Some of the Earliest History of the Ice Family\" (9 pp., undated), which covers roughly 1680 through the 1900s. The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5858d3df1c6f167aa6dbd6013dddc252\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:03:07.465Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2597.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/212395","title_ssm":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"title_tesim":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920 and undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1920 and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0379","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2597"],"text":["A\u0026M 0379","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2597","Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents","Cheat River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ice's Ferry.","Fortification","Indians of North America","Frontier and pioneer life","Rivers and river valleys.","Roads. SEE ALSO Turnpikes.","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","379, 553","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Five typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. The first typescript is \"Ice's Ferry,\" (8 pp., undated) an account of the Ice family and of Ice's Ferry in Monongalia County, with comments on frontier and pioneer life in western Virginia, apparently written by Virginia H. Conaway of Marion County. The second item is a variant copy of the \"Ice's Ferry,\" typescript (10 pp., undated). The third typescript is a copy of \"Historical Notes on Ice's Ferry,\" written by John L. Johnston (6 pp., 1920). Covering the time span of 1758-1920, the narrative describes early settlements, roads, forts, Indians, industries, land offices, and families prominent in the development of areas near Ice's Ferry. Mention is made of the proposed construction of a dam and recreation area on the Cheat River. The fourth item is a facsimile typescript of \"Some of the Earliest History of the Ice Family\" (9 pp., undated), which covers roughly 1680 through the 1900s. The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Ice's Ferry","Ice family","Conaway, Virginia H.","Johnston, John L.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0379","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2597"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"collection_ssim":["Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cheat River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ice's Ferry."],"geogname_ssim":["Cheat River (W. 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SEE ALSO Turnpikes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder, 0.25 in."],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder, 0.25 in."],"date_range_isim":[1920],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents, A\u0026amp;M 0379, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ice's Ferry History and Genealogy Typed Documents, A\u0026M 0379, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e379, 553\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["379, 553"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_943a1c020f03d7a8301273233237d26d\"\u003eFive typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. The first typescript is \"Ice's Ferry,\" (8 pp., undated) an account of the Ice family and of Ice's Ferry in Monongalia County, with comments on frontier and pioneer life in western Virginia, apparently written by Virginia H. Conaway of Marion County. The second item is a variant copy of the \"Ice's Ferry,\" typescript (10 pp., undated). The third typescript is a copy of \"Historical Notes on Ice's Ferry,\" written by John L. Johnston (6 pp., 1920). Covering the time span of 1758-1920, the narrative describes early settlements, roads, forts, Indians, industries, land offices, and families prominent in the development of areas near Ice's Ferry. Mention is made of the proposed construction of a dam and recreation area on the Cheat River. The fourth item is a facsimile typescript of \"Some of the Earliest History of the Ice Family\" (9 pp., undated), which covers roughly 1680 through the 1900s. The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Five typescripts pertaining to Ice's Ferry and the Ice family. 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The fifth typescript is a magazine article facsimile about Adam Ice (1 p., undated)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5858d3df1c6f167aa6dbd6013dddc252\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:03:07.465Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2597"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James Bassel Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bassel, James","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mainly letters written to Bassel from U.S. Army officers from various forts and camps in several western states and territories. There are no copies of Bassel's correspondence in the collection, but his career in the army to about 1870, his subsequent military service in Egypt, and his employment in China and Japan, ca.1874-1875, as the representative of an American ship builder, are covered in the letters. There are a few letters from Thomas Handbury, a cadet at West Point in 1862; also materials on political affairs in West Virginia, including Bassel's candidacy on the People's Party ticket for governor of West Virginia in 1892, and certificates of election returns from several counties in 1892.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2546","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2546.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196612","title_ssm":["James Bassel Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Bassel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1892"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1892"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0327","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2546"],"text":["A\u0026M 0327","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2546","James Bassel Papers","China","Egypt","Japan","Election of 1892.","Fortification","Politics and government.","Shipping","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Mainly letters written to Bassel from U.S. Army officers from various forts and camps in several western states and territories. There are no copies of Bassel's correspondence in the collection, but his career in the army to about 1870, his subsequent military service in Egypt, and his employment in China and Japan, ca.1874-1875, as the representative of an American ship builder, are covered in the letters. There are a few letters from Thomas Handbury, a cadet at West Point in 1862; also materials on political affairs in West Virginia, including Bassel's candidacy on the People's Party ticket for governor of West Virginia in 1892, and certificates of election returns from several counties in 1892.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Sanders, Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2034, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], J.C. Sanders, Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 2034, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. 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See Historical Note for more information about Appleton.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2421.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196487","title_ssm":["John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers"],"title_tesim":["John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1913","1863-1864"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0092","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2421"],"text":["A\u0026M 0092","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2421","John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers","Boston (Mass.)","Boston (Mass.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Charleston (S.C.)","Charleston (S.C.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Charleston (S.C.) -- History -- Siege, 1863","Fort Sumter (Charleston, S.C.)","Fort Wagner (S.C.)","Fort Warren (Mass.)","Jacksonville (Fla.)","Massachusetts - History - Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American.","Morris Island (S.C.)","Morris Island (S.C.) --  History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Participation, African American","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army -- African American troops","African American soldiers -- History -- 19th century","African American soldiers","African Americans ","Civil War -- Soldiers, Black","Civil War --  MA 54th. Vol. Inf.","Civil War - Massachusetts 54th Volunteers.","Fortification","Olustee, Battle of, Olustee, Fla., 1864","Secessionville, Battle of, Secessionville, S.C., 1862","No special access restriction applies.","John W. M. Appleton was born in Massachusetts in 1833. In the early years of the Civil War he served in the Boston Cadet Corps on guard and escort duty and then on garrison duty at the Boston Harbor. In early 1863, Appleton was commissioned as a second lieutenant and appointed one of the first officers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers. Appleton survived the unit's unsuccessful assault at Fort Wagner, South Carolina, in July 1863, but sustained wounds that kept him out of service for several months. In late November 1863, Appleton was appointed acting assistant inspector for the brigade, and in December he was promoted to major. Appleton suffered from severe sunstroke while on duty at James Island, South Carolina, in July 1864. Complications from his illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered sufficiently to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He served with the unit at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, until the close of the war and mustered out of service in August 1865. ","Major Appleton, his wife, Mary, and his young daughter, Mabel, moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when the Civil War ended. Appleton managed an artificial gas plant and later operated a woolen and grist mill. He also remained active in the military through the West Virginia Militia and National Guard and as adjutant general of West Virginia from 1897 to 1901. From 1886 to 1913, Appleton managed the Salt Sulphur Springs Resort in Monroe County. John W. M. Appleton died on his farm in Monroe County, West Virginia, in 1913.","John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Complications from an illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered enough to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Major Appleton and his family moved to West Virginia when the war ended, where he was active in a variety of business pursuits and remained active in the military, attaining the position of adjutant general of West Virginia.","Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records (series 2, 3, and 4), and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this African American regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters.","Significant topics documented by series 2, 3, and 4 include:","the geography and military installations around Charleston, South Carolina; \nthe assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in and around Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; \nthe fatigue work, picket duty, and daily life of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry; and \nthe Battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864.","Also included in the collection are family materials and business papers (series 1 and 5). The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills.","Series 1. Family Materials, box 1 and box 4, unfoldered.","Family materials include genealogical charts and two books: Memoir of Hon. William Appleton Prepared Agreeably to a Resolution of the Massachusetts Historical Society, by Rev. Chandler Robbins (Boston: Printed by J. Wilson and Son, 1863), and Memorial of Samuel Appleton of Ipswich, Massachusetts: With Genealogical Notices of Some of His Descendants, by Isaac Appleton Jewett (Boston: [publisher not identified], 1850), with signature of John W.M. Appleton inscribed. Also includes an oversize family tree (box 4, loose).","Series 2. Correspondence, box 2.","Appleton's personal correspondence includes a ledger of approximately 106 Civil War era letters, primarily written to his wife, dated April 1863 - March 1864. The letters are similar to the memoir, although they do contain some different material. Along with the letter book are seven loose letters, mostly from March 1863, one letter from February 1864, and a program for a Marine Corps band concert directed by John Phillip Sousa. ","Major topics of the letters include:","Fort Wagner Assault  -- Highlights include a letter written on July 18, 1863, the day of the assault, while Appleton and the 54th Massachusetts waited to attack Fort Wagner. Writing to his wife, Appleton describes the shelling and bombardment before the attack and troop positions for the attack. He also writes his goodbyes to his family. An addition at the bottom of the letter, written shortly after the assault ended, describes early details about the dead and wounded. Appleton was injured in the attack, and in his letter dated July 23, 1863, he assures his family that he is alright, although wounded. These letters are not included in the memoir. ","Fortifications and Military Actions  -- Includes sketches and descriptions of fortifications and military actions on Folly's Island, Morris Island, and James Island, South Carolina. Also includes sketches, description of fight, and map of the battle at the Battle of Secessionville, SC. Siege of Charleston (fall 1863 and winter 1863/1864) descriptions include information about attacks and garrison duty throughout siege, bombardments of fortifications, and a sketch of Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter from boat. Additionally, Appleton details the 1863 raids along the Georgia and South Carolina sea cost, and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864, including sketches and descriptions of engagements and camps.","Additional Topics Include  -- Racial issues, soldier life, camp life, troop morale, Appleton's promotion to Major, and expeditions and raids against southern towns and plantations. Racial issues include United States Colored Troops (USCT), black soldiers, and contraband slaves. Descriptions of officers' camp life include descriptions of tents, cabins, religious activities, drilling, food, holidays (Thanksgiving and Christmas), firing squad, and funerals. Appleton's promotion to Major is documented by a letter of recommendation, among other material.","Series 3. Memoir, boxes 3a-3b.","Box 3a contains John W.M. Appleton's memoir ledger, which begins with a few letters, then transitions to a memoir which is written in the style of a journal. The memoir describes his service from 1863 to 1865 based on his wartime letters, but he frequently expanded on his descriptions of military activities and events, particularly for operations at Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, and near Jacksonville, Florida, during the Battle of Olustee. The memoir also contains excerpts from many of his wartime letters. Additional topics include fatigue work, picket duty, artillery bombardments, desertion, executions, his daily activities and camp life, staff officers and the men in his company, issues related to being a black regiment, including payroll inequality, serving with USCT units in Florida, the reaction to black troops, and his sunstroke and convalescence in a Hilton Head hospital in July 1864. ","The memoir includes loose items and items glued to the pages, including photographs of officers and soldiers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry and of the Appleton family. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and other correspondence and materials related to the Civil War. Notable among these insertions are two issues of the soldier newspaper The Swamp Angel. A microfilm copy of the memoirs is available. See index below for a listing by page number of these loose and attached items found within the memoir ledger. It includes the names of those shown in photographs. The index also identifies, with the designation \"no page no.\", four loose items whose original location has been lost.","Box 3b contains a framed black and white photograph of Sergeant Major John Wilson, a member of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. This photograph was originally a loose item in the memoir in box 3a. ","Series 4. Military Records, box 4.","Appleton's military records include a bound book of military service records, as well as photographs, commissions, and other materials.","The bound book of military service records of John W.M. Appleton includes his discharge papers; a photograph of Appleton in uniform, which is glued to the discharge papers; commissions for his service with the 54th Massachusetts, including Second Lieutenant, Captain, and Major; commission as Major of the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; muster out rolls; and appointment as West Virginia Adjutant General. Also contains newspaper clippings about the 54th Massachusetts and Civil War. Loose items from the bound book include officer commission paperwork; a Shaw Memorial postcard; an obituary clippings for Appleton; and newspaper clippings about 54th Massachusetts and USCTs, Fort Wagner, Florida battles, Charleston siege, and the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.","Photographs include a card mounted photo of Fort Warren, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1863, and a photo of Major John W.M. Appleton in 1864.","Also includes two oversize commissions, for quartermaster general and adjutant general.","Series 5. Business Papers, box 5a-5b.","Business papers contain a ledger from Oriental Powder Mills(box 5a). Appleton was an agent of the Oriental Powder Mill, located in Boston, MA, and Charleston, WV. The ledger includes correspondence and records concerning the mill and business transactions, mostly concerning the buying and selling of powder, during the 1870s. This series also includes another ledger containing Trustees Report on Estates of Dr. John Appleton (alternately known as Record Book of Dr. John Appleton of Cambridge, MA kept by his son, John W.M. Appleton, 1875-1912) (box 5b).","Index to loose and attached items in the memoir (Series 3, box 3a): \nPage 0; carte de visite photo, Private John Appleton, 1862 \nPage 3; 3 carte de visite photos, Mrs. Appleton, Captain J.M. Appleton, N.P. Hallowell \nPage 7; 3 letters  \nPage 9; 2 carte de visite photos, Colonel Robert G. Shaw, Surgeon Lincoln R. Stone \nPage 30; clipping \nPage 43; clipping (loose), illustration of defenses of Charleston \nPage 49; carte de visite photo, Captain Russell  \nPage 51; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Sam Willard (Mann), Captain Simpkins \nPage 53; tintype photo of USCT soldier (contains information on back, but difficult to read due to attachment to memoir book) \nPage 55; clipping; 2 carte de visite photos, Adjutant G.W. James, structure \nPage 57; clipping; carte de visite photo, Colonel Robert G. Shaw \nPage 59; 2 clippings (fragile) \nPage 61; sketch; carte de visite photo, Captain George Pope \nPage 63; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Edward N. Jones, Lieutenant Edward B. Emerson \nPage 65; clipping \nPage 69; photo of hospital; carte de visite photo, Captain Luis Emilio \nPage 72; carte de visite photo, William Hallowell; map \nPage 73; 3 carte de visite photos, Sergeant Carney with flag, Drummer Henry Munroe, Drummer Miles Moore \nPage 74-79; clippings \nPage 81; clipping about Colonel Robert G. Shaw (loose) \nPage 83; carte de visite photo, Appleton Sturgis \nPage 87; 3 clippings (loose) \nPage 89; clipping \nPage 91; clipping; typescript listing of food rations \nPage 95; clipping \nPage 103; clipping \nPage 104; stereoview photo, Ruins of Cathedral Broad Street \nPage 105; 2 carte de visite photos, John Ritchie, C.A. Brigham \nPage 111; carte de visite photo, [William] Willie Homans; clipping of tent \nPage 113; carte de visite photo, Charles G. Chipman \nPage 127; clipping of song lyrics about colored troops \nPage 135; sketch of bomb proof \nPage 143; carte de visite photo, Willard Howard \nPage 144; carte de visite photo, Giles M. Pease \nPage 147; sketch of 54th Massachusetts regimental flag; carte de visite photo, E.N. Hallowell \nPage 149; typescript (loose) \nPage 159; Civil War era note; tintype photo, possibly of R.H.L. Jewett \nPage 161; photo of Jacksonville, Florida during Civil War \nPage 179; carte de visite photo of unidentified officer \nPage 181; carte de visite photo, Henry W. Litchfield \nPage 183; photo of signal tower in Jacksonville, Florida \nPage 187; typescript of Olustee, Florida battle casualties (loose) \nPage 219; sketch of 54th Massachusetts camp at Morris Island, 1864 \nPage 223; typescript of General Order; carte de visite photo, Robert Newell \nPage 225; carte de visite photo, Fort Sumter; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 19, 1864 issue); manuscript note (loose) \nPage 227; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Tucker; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 228; carte de visite photo, Captain Homans; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 231; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 26, 1864 issue) \nPage 232; stereoview photo, interior of Fort Sumter \nPage 235; carte de visite photo, W.W. Bridge \nPage 237; photo of cannon and crew \nPage 239; clipping about Charles L. Chandler death \nPage 243; carte de visite photo, Tom Appleton \nPage 253; 3 carte de visite photos, Major John Appleton (2 of the photos are loose) \nPage 257; carte de visite photo, Lieutenant Fred Webster \nPage 261; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Briggs [Brigges] (loose) \nPage 265; 2 carte de visite photos, Lieutenant Rogers, Charles Hallett; photo of Port Royal House in Hilton Head, SC \nPage 267; clipping \nPage 269; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 274-280; clippings \nPage 281; typescript of letter written by Mary R. Appleton about USCT \nPage 282; clipping \nPage 284; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 285; General Order No. 50 for raising flag over Fort Sumter in 1865 \nPage 286-end; clippings about 54th Massachusetts soldiers, casualties and death during the Civil War \nNo Page No.; letter from George Pope (Oct. 17, 1896) \nNo Page No.; clippings about the Battle of Olustee (1912) \nNo Page No.; clipping - \"The Civil War Fifty Years Ago\" (1913) \nNo Page No.; Report of Frank Fletcher, showing condition of company after Wagner","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters. Significant topics include the geography around Charleston, South Carolina; the assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in the Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; the fatigue work and picket duty of the 54th Massachusetts; and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864. Also included are family materials and business papers. The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills. See Scope and Content Note for more details. See Historical Note for more information about Appleton.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops","Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0092","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2421"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers"],"collection_ssim":["John W.M. 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M., 1832-1913"],"creator_ssim":["Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913"],"creators_ssim":["Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913"],"places_ssim":["Boston (Mass.)","Boston (Mass.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Charleston (S.C.)","Charleston (S.C.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Charleston (S.C.) -- History -- Siege, 1863","Fort Sumter (Charleston, S.C.)","Fort Wagner (S.C.)","Fort Warren (Mass.)","Jacksonville (Fla.)","Massachusetts - History - Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American.","Morris Island (S.C.)","Morris Island (S.C.) --  History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Participation, African American","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Army -- African American troops","African American soldiers -- History -- 19th century","African American soldiers","African Americans ","Civil War -- Soldiers, Black","Civil War --  MA 54th. Vol. Inf.","Civil War - Massachusetts 54th Volunteers.","Fortification","Olustee, Battle of, Olustee, Fla., 1864","Secessionville, Battle of, Secessionville, S.C., 1862"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Army -- African American troops","African American soldiers -- History -- 19th century","African American soldiers","African Americans ","Civil War -- Soldiers, Black","Civil War --  MA 54th. Vol. Inf.","Civil War - Massachusetts 54th Volunteers.","Fortification","Olustee, Battle of, Olustee, Fla., 1864","Secessionville, Battle of, Secessionville, S.C., 1862"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.98 Linear Feet Summary: 1 ft. 11 3/4 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (4 flat storage boxes, 3 in.); (1 flat storage box, 4 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["1.98 Linear Feet Summary: 1 ft. 11 3/4 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (4 flat storage boxes, 3 in.); (1 flat storage box, 4 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn W. M. Appleton was born in Massachusetts in 1833. In the early years of the Civil War he served in the Boston Cadet Corps on guard and escort duty and then on garrison duty at the Boston Harbor. In early 1863, Appleton was commissioned as a second lieutenant and appointed one of the first officers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers. Appleton survived the unit's unsuccessful assault at Fort Wagner, South Carolina, in July 1863, but sustained wounds that kept him out of service for several months. In late November 1863, Appleton was appointed acting assistant inspector for the brigade, and in December he was promoted to major. Appleton suffered from severe sunstroke while on duty at James Island, South Carolina, in July 1864. Complications from his illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered sufficiently to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He served with the unit at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, until the close of the war and mustered out of service in August 1865. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor Appleton, his wife, Mary, and his young daughter, Mabel, moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when the Civil War ended. Appleton managed an artificial gas plant and later operated a woolen and grist mill. He also remained active in the military through the West Virginia Militia and National Guard and as adjutant general of West Virginia from 1897 to 1901. From 1886 to 1913, Appleton managed the Salt Sulphur Springs Resort in Monroe County. John W. M. Appleton died on his farm in Monroe County, West Virginia, in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John W. M. Appleton was born in Massachusetts in 1833. In the early years of the Civil War he served in the Boston Cadet Corps on guard and escort duty and then on garrison duty at the Boston Harbor. In early 1863, Appleton was commissioned as a second lieutenant and appointed one of the first officers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers. Appleton survived the unit's unsuccessful assault at Fort Wagner, South Carolina, in July 1863, but sustained wounds that kept him out of service for several months. In late November 1863, Appleton was appointed acting assistant inspector for the brigade, and in December he was promoted to major. Appleton suffered from severe sunstroke while on duty at James Island, South Carolina, in July 1864. Complications from his illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered sufficiently to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He served with the unit at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, until the close of the war and mustered out of service in August 1865. ","Major Appleton, his wife, Mary, and his young daughter, Mabel, moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when the Civil War ended. Appleton managed an artificial gas plant and later operated a woolen and grist mill. He also remained active in the military through the West Virginia Militia and National Guard and as adjutant general of West Virginia from 1897 to 1901. From 1886 to 1913, Appleton managed the Salt Sulphur Springs Resort in Monroe County. John W. M. Appleton died on his farm in Monroe County, West Virginia, in 1913."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0092, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers, A\u0026M 0092, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Complications from an illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered enough to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Major Appleton and his family moved to West Virginia when the war ended, where he was active in a variety of business pursuits and remained active in the military, attaining the position of adjutant general of West Virginia.","Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records (series 2, 3, and 4), and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this African American regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters.","Significant topics documented by series 2, 3, and 4 include:","the geography and military installations around Charleston, South Carolina; \nthe assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in and around Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; \nthe fatigue work, picket duty, and daily life of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry; and \nthe Battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864.","Also included in the collection are family materials and business papers (series 1 and 5). The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills.","Series 1. Family Materials, box 1 and box 4, unfoldered.","Family materials include genealogical charts and two books: Memoir of Hon. William Appleton Prepared Agreeably to a Resolution of the Massachusetts Historical Society, by Rev. Chandler Robbins (Boston: Printed by J. Wilson and Son, 1863), and Memorial of Samuel Appleton of Ipswich, Massachusetts: With Genealogical Notices of Some of His Descendants, by Isaac Appleton Jewett (Boston: [publisher not identified], 1850), with signature of John W.M. Appleton inscribed. Also includes an oversize family tree (box 4, loose).","Series 2. Correspondence, box 2.","Appleton's personal correspondence includes a ledger of approximately 106 Civil War era letters, primarily written to his wife, dated April 1863 - March 1864. The letters are similar to the memoir, although they do contain some different material. Along with the letter book are seven loose letters, mostly from March 1863, one letter from February 1864, and a program for a Marine Corps band concert directed by John Phillip Sousa. ","Major topics of the letters include:","Fort Wagner Assault  -- Highlights include a letter written on July 18, 1863, the day of the assault, while Appleton and the 54th Massachusetts waited to attack Fort Wagner. Writing to his wife, Appleton describes the shelling and bombardment before the attack and troop positions for the attack. He also writes his goodbyes to his family. An addition at the bottom of the letter, written shortly after the assault ended, describes early details about the dead and wounded. Appleton was injured in the attack, and in his letter dated July 23, 1863, he assures his family that he is alright, although wounded. These letters are not included in the memoir. ","Fortifications and Military Actions  -- Includes sketches and descriptions of fortifications and military actions on Folly's Island, Morris Island, and James Island, South Carolina. Also includes sketches, description of fight, and map of the battle at the Battle of Secessionville, SC. Siege of Charleston (fall 1863 and winter 1863/1864) descriptions include information about attacks and garrison duty throughout siege, bombardments of fortifications, and a sketch of Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter from boat. Additionally, Appleton details the 1863 raids along the Georgia and South Carolina sea cost, and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864, including sketches and descriptions of engagements and camps.","Additional Topics Include  -- Racial issues, soldier life, camp life, troop morale, Appleton's promotion to Major, and expeditions and raids against southern towns and plantations. Racial issues include United States Colored Troops (USCT), black soldiers, and contraband slaves. Descriptions of officers' camp life include descriptions of tents, cabins, religious activities, drilling, food, holidays (Thanksgiving and Christmas), firing squad, and funerals. Appleton's promotion to Major is documented by a letter of recommendation, among other material.","Series 3. Memoir, boxes 3a-3b.","Box 3a contains John W.M. Appleton's memoir ledger, which begins with a few letters, then transitions to a memoir which is written in the style of a journal. The memoir describes his service from 1863 to 1865 based on his wartime letters, but he frequently expanded on his descriptions of military activities and events, particularly for operations at Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, and near Jacksonville, Florida, during the Battle of Olustee. The memoir also contains excerpts from many of his wartime letters. Additional topics include fatigue work, picket duty, artillery bombardments, desertion, executions, his daily activities and camp life, staff officers and the men in his company, issues related to being a black regiment, including payroll inequality, serving with USCT units in Florida, the reaction to black troops, and his sunstroke and convalescence in a Hilton Head hospital in July 1864. ","The memoir includes loose items and items glued to the pages, including photographs of officers and soldiers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry and of the Appleton family. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and other correspondence and materials related to the Civil War. Notable among these insertions are two issues of the soldier newspaper The Swamp Angel. A microfilm copy of the memoirs is available. See index below for a listing by page number of these loose and attached items found within the memoir ledger. It includes the names of those shown in photographs. The index also identifies, with the designation \"no page no.\", four loose items whose original location has been lost.","Box 3b contains a framed black and white photograph of Sergeant Major John Wilson, a member of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. This photograph was originally a loose item in the memoir in box 3a. ","Series 4. Military Records, box 4.","Appleton's military records include a bound book of military service records, as well as photographs, commissions, and other materials.","The bound book of military service records of John W.M. Appleton includes his discharge papers; a photograph of Appleton in uniform, which is glued to the discharge papers; commissions for his service with the 54th Massachusetts, including Second Lieutenant, Captain, and Major; commission as Major of the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; muster out rolls; and appointment as West Virginia Adjutant General. Also contains newspaper clippings about the 54th Massachusetts and Civil War. Loose items from the bound book include officer commission paperwork; a Shaw Memorial postcard; an obituary clippings for Appleton; and newspaper clippings about 54th Massachusetts and USCTs, Fort Wagner, Florida battles, Charleston siege, and the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.","Photographs include a card mounted photo of Fort Warren, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1863, and a photo of Major John W.M. Appleton in 1864.","Also includes two oversize commissions, for quartermaster general and adjutant general.","Series 5. Business Papers, box 5a-5b.","Business papers contain a ledger from Oriental Powder Mills(box 5a). Appleton was an agent of the Oriental Powder Mill, located in Boston, MA, and Charleston, WV. The ledger includes correspondence and records concerning the mill and business transactions, mostly concerning the buying and selling of powder, during the 1870s. This series also includes another ledger containing Trustees Report on Estates of Dr. John Appleton (alternately known as Record Book of Dr. John Appleton of Cambridge, MA kept by his son, John W.M. Appleton, 1875-1912) (box 5b).","Index to loose and attached items in the memoir (Series 3, box 3a): \nPage 0; carte de visite photo, Private John Appleton, 1862 \nPage 3; 3 carte de visite photos, Mrs. Appleton, Captain J.M. Appleton, N.P. Hallowell \nPage 7; 3 letters  \nPage 9; 2 carte de visite photos, Colonel Robert G. Shaw, Surgeon Lincoln R. Stone \nPage 30; clipping \nPage 43; clipping (loose), illustration of defenses of Charleston \nPage 49; carte de visite photo, Captain Russell  \nPage 51; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Sam Willard (Mann), Captain Simpkins \nPage 53; tintype photo of USCT soldier (contains information on back, but difficult to read due to attachment to memoir book) \nPage 55; clipping; 2 carte de visite photos, Adjutant G.W. James, structure \nPage 57; clipping; carte de visite photo, Colonel Robert G. Shaw \nPage 59; 2 clippings (fragile) \nPage 61; sketch; carte de visite photo, Captain George Pope \nPage 63; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Edward N. Jones, Lieutenant Edward B. Emerson \nPage 65; clipping \nPage 69; photo of hospital; carte de visite photo, Captain Luis Emilio \nPage 72; carte de visite photo, William Hallowell; map \nPage 73; 3 carte de visite photos, Sergeant Carney with flag, Drummer Henry Munroe, Drummer Miles Moore \nPage 74-79; clippings \nPage 81; clipping about Colonel Robert G. Shaw (loose) \nPage 83; carte de visite photo, Appleton Sturgis \nPage 87; 3 clippings (loose) \nPage 89; clipping \nPage 91; clipping; typescript listing of food rations \nPage 95; clipping \nPage 103; clipping \nPage 104; stereoview photo, Ruins of Cathedral Broad Street \nPage 105; 2 carte de visite photos, John Ritchie, C.A. Brigham \nPage 111; carte de visite photo, [William] Willie Homans; clipping of tent \nPage 113; carte de visite photo, Charles G. Chipman \nPage 127; clipping of song lyrics about colored troops \nPage 135; sketch of bomb proof \nPage 143; carte de visite photo, Willard Howard \nPage 144; carte de visite photo, Giles M. Pease \nPage 147; sketch of 54th Massachusetts regimental flag; carte de visite photo, E.N. Hallowell \nPage 149; typescript (loose) \nPage 159; Civil War era note; tintype photo, possibly of R.H.L. Jewett \nPage 161; photo of Jacksonville, Florida during Civil War \nPage 179; carte de visite photo of unidentified officer \nPage 181; carte de visite photo, Henry W. Litchfield \nPage 183; photo of signal tower in Jacksonville, Florida \nPage 187; typescript of Olustee, Florida battle casualties (loose) \nPage 219; sketch of 54th Massachusetts camp at Morris Island, 1864 \nPage 223; typescript of General Order; carte de visite photo, Robert Newell \nPage 225; carte de visite photo, Fort Sumter; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 19, 1864 issue); manuscript note (loose) \nPage 227; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Tucker; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 228; carte de visite photo, Captain Homans; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 231; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 26, 1864 issue) \nPage 232; stereoview photo, interior of Fort Sumter \nPage 235; carte de visite photo, W.W. Bridge \nPage 237; photo of cannon and crew \nPage 239; clipping about Charles L. Chandler death \nPage 243; carte de visite photo, Tom Appleton \nPage 253; 3 carte de visite photos, Major John Appleton (2 of the photos are loose) \nPage 257; carte de visite photo, Lieutenant Fred Webster \nPage 261; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Briggs [Brigges] (loose) \nPage 265; 2 carte de visite photos, Lieutenant Rogers, Charles Hallett; photo of Port Royal House in Hilton Head, SC \nPage 267; clipping \nPage 269; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 274-280; clippings \nPage 281; typescript of letter written by Mary R. Appleton about USCT \nPage 282; clipping \nPage 284; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 285; General Order No. 50 for raising flag over Fort Sumter in 1865 \nPage 286-end; clippings about 54th Massachusetts soldiers, casualties and death during the Civil War \nNo Page No.; letter from George Pope (Oct. 17, 1896) \nNo Page No.; clippings about the Battle of Olustee (1912) \nNo Page No.; clipping - \"The Civil War Fifty Years Ago\" (1913) \nNo Page No.; Report of Frank Fletcher, showing condition of company after Wagner"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9b4e106fac41cdd8069e0f3293b98f09\"\u003eJohn W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters. Significant topics include the geography around Charleston, South Carolina; the assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in the Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; the fatigue work and picket duty of the 54th Massachusetts; and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864. Also included are family materials and business papers. The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills. See Scope and Content Note for more details. See Historical Note for more information about Appleton.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters. Significant topics include the geography around Charleston, South Carolina; the assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in the Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; the fatigue work and picket duty of the 54th Massachusetts; and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864. Also included are family materials and business papers. The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills. See Scope and Content Note for more details. See Historical Note for more information about Appleton."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ec37607c159bd234584aeb24f2e6a0e2\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops","Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops"],"persname_ssim":["Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:08:32.506Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Complications from an illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered enough to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Major Appleton and his family moved to West Virginia when the war ended, where he was active in a variety of business pursuits and remained active in the military, attaining the position of adjutant general of West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records (series 2, 3, and 4), and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this African American regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant topics documented by series 2, 3, and 4 include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethe geography and military installations around Charleston, South Carolina;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nthe assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in and around Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nthe fatigue work, picket duty, and daily life of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry; and\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nthe Battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in the collection are family materials and business papers (series 1 and 5). The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Family Materials, box 1 and box 4, unfoldered.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFamily materials include genealogical charts and two books: Memoir of Hon. William Appleton Prepared Agreeably to a Resolution of the Massachusetts Historical Society, by Rev. Chandler Robbins (Boston: Printed by J. Wilson and Son, 1863), and Memorial of Samuel Appleton of Ipswich, Massachusetts: With Genealogical Notices of Some of His Descendants, by Isaac Appleton Jewett (Boston: [publisher not identified], 1850), with signature of John W.M. Appleton inscribed. Also includes an oversize family tree (box 4, loose).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Correspondence, box 2.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppleton's personal correspondence includes a ledger of approximately 106 Civil War era letters, primarily written to his wife, dated April 1863 - March 1864. The letters are similar to the memoir, although they do contain some different material. Along with the letter book are seven loose letters, mostly from March 1863, one letter from February 1864, and a program for a Marine Corps band concert directed by John Phillip Sousa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor topics of the letters include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFort Wagner Assault\u003c/emph\u003e -- Highlights include a letter written on July 18, 1863, the day of the assault, while Appleton and the 54th Massachusetts waited to attack Fort Wagner. Writing to his wife, Appleton describes the shelling and bombardment before the attack and troop positions for the attack. He also writes his goodbyes to his family. An addition at the bottom of the letter, written shortly after the assault ended, describes early details about the dead and wounded. Appleton was injured in the attack, and in his letter dated July 23, 1863, he assures his family that he is alright, although wounded. These letters are not included in the memoir. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFortifications and Military Actions\u003c/emph\u003e -- Includes sketches and descriptions of fortifications and military actions on Folly's Island, Morris Island, and James Island, South Carolina. Also includes sketches, description of fight, and map of the battle at the Battle of Secessionville, SC. Siege of Charleston (fall 1863 and winter 1863/1864) descriptions include information about attacks and garrison duty throughout siege, bombardments of fortifications, and a sketch of Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter from boat. Additionally, Appleton details the 1863 raids along the Georgia and South Carolina sea cost, and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864, including sketches and descriptions of engagements and camps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAdditional Topics Include\u003c/emph\u003e -- Racial issues, soldier life, camp life, troop morale, Appleton's promotion to Major, and expeditions and raids against southern towns and plantations. Racial issues include United States Colored Troops (USCT), black soldiers, and contraband slaves. Descriptions of officers' camp life include descriptions of tents, cabins, religious activities, drilling, food, holidays (Thanksgiving and Christmas), firing squad, and funerals. Appleton's promotion to Major is documented by a letter of recommendation, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Memoir, boxes 3a-3b.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 3a contains John W.M. Appleton's memoir ledger, which begins with a few letters, then transitions to a memoir which is written in the style of a journal. The memoir describes his service from 1863 to 1865 based on his wartime letters, but he frequently expanded on his descriptions of military activities and events, particularly for operations at Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, and near Jacksonville, Florida, during the Battle of Olustee. The memoir also contains excerpts from many of his wartime letters. Additional topics include fatigue work, picket duty, artillery bombardments, desertion, executions, his daily activities and camp life, staff officers and the men in his company, issues related to being a black regiment, including payroll inequality, serving with USCT units in Florida, the reaction to black troops, and his sunstroke and convalescence in a Hilton Head hospital in July 1864. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe memoir includes loose items and items glued to the pages, including photographs of officers and soldiers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry and of the Appleton family. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and other correspondence and materials related to the Civil War. Notable among these insertions are two issues of the soldier newspaper The Swamp Angel. A microfilm copy of the memoirs is available. See index below for a listing by page number of these loose and attached items found within the memoir ledger. It includes the names of those shown in photographs. The index also identifies, with the designation \"no page no.\", four loose items whose original location has been lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 3b contains a framed black and white photograph of Sergeant Major John Wilson, a member of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. This photograph was originally a loose item in the memoir in box 3a. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Military Records, box 4.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppleton's military records include a bound book of military service records, as well as photographs, commissions, and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bound book of military service records of John W.M. Appleton includes his discharge papers; a photograph of Appleton in uniform, which is glued to the discharge papers; commissions for his service with the 54th Massachusetts, including Second Lieutenant, Captain, and Major; commission as Major of the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; muster out rolls; and appointment as West Virginia Adjutant General. Also contains newspaper clippings about the 54th Massachusetts and Civil War. Loose items from the bound book include officer commission paperwork; a Shaw Memorial postcard; an obituary clippings for Appleton; and newspaper clippings about 54th Massachusetts and USCTs, Fort Wagner, Florida battles, Charleston siege, and the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include a card mounted photo of Fort Warren, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1863, and a photo of Major John W.M. Appleton in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes two oversize commissions, for quartermaster general and adjutant general.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Business Papers, box 5a-5b.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness papers contain a ledger from Oriental Powder Mills(box 5a). Appleton was an agent of the Oriental Powder Mill, located in Boston, MA, and Charleston, WV. The ledger includes correspondence and records concerning the mill and business transactions, mostly concerning the buying and selling of powder, during the 1870s. This series also includes another ledger containing Trustees Report on Estates of Dr. John Appleton (alternately known as Record Book of Dr. John Appleton of Cambridge, MA kept by his son, John W.M. Appleton, 1875-1912) (box 5b).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIndex to loose and attached items in the memoir (Series 3, box 3a):\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 0; carte de visite photo, Private John Appleton, 1862\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 3; 3 carte de visite photos, Mrs. Appleton, Captain J.M. Appleton, N.P. Hallowell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 7; 3 letters \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 9; 2 carte de visite photos, Colonel Robert G. Shaw, Surgeon Lincoln R. Stone\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 30; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 43; clipping (loose), illustration of defenses of Charleston\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 49; carte de visite photo, Captain Russell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nPage 51; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Sam Willard (Mann), Captain Simpkins\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 53; tintype photo of USCT soldier (contains information on back, but difficult to read due to attachment to memoir book)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 55; clipping; 2 carte de visite photos, Adjutant G.W. James, structure\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 57; clipping; carte de visite photo, Colonel Robert G. Shaw\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 59; 2 clippings (fragile)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 61; sketch; carte de visite photo, Captain George Pope\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 63; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Edward N. Jones, Lieutenant Edward B. Emerson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 65; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 69; photo of hospital; carte de visite photo, Captain Luis Emilio\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 72; carte de visite photo, William Hallowell; map\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 73; 3 carte de visite photos, Sergeant Carney with flag, Drummer Henry Munroe, Drummer Miles Moore\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 74-79; clippings\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 81; clipping about Colonel Robert G. Shaw (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 83; carte de visite photo, Appleton Sturgis\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 87; 3 clippings (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 89; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 91; clipping; typescript listing of food rations\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 95; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 103; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 104; stereoview photo, Ruins of Cathedral Broad Street\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 105; 2 carte de visite photos, John Ritchie, C.A. Brigham\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 111; carte de visite photo, [William] Willie Homans; clipping of tent\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 113; carte de visite photo, Charles G. Chipman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 127; clipping of song lyrics about colored troops\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 135; sketch of bomb proof\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 143; carte de visite photo, Willard Howard\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 144; carte de visite photo, Giles M. Pease\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 147; sketch of 54th Massachusetts regimental flag; carte de visite photo, E.N. Hallowell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 149; typescript (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 159; Civil War era note; tintype photo, possibly of R.H.L. Jewett\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 161; photo of Jacksonville, Florida during Civil War\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 179; carte de visite photo of unidentified officer\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 181; carte de visite photo, Henry W. Litchfield\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 183; photo of signal tower in Jacksonville, Florida\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 187; typescript of Olustee, Florida battle casualties (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 219; sketch of 54th Massachusetts camp at Morris Island, 1864\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 223; typescript of General Order; carte de visite photo, Robert Newell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 225; carte de visite photo, Fort Sumter; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 19, 1864 issue); manuscript note (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 227; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Tucker; manuscript note (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 228; carte de visite photo, Captain Homans; manuscript note (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 231; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 26, 1864 issue)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 232; stereoview photo, interior of Fort Sumter\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 235; carte de visite photo, W.W. Bridge\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 237; photo of cannon and crew\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 239; clipping about Charles L. Chandler death\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 243; carte de visite photo, Tom Appleton\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 253; 3 carte de visite photos, Major John Appleton (2 of the photos are loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 257; carte de visite photo, Lieutenant Fred Webster\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 261; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Briggs [Brigges] (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 265; 2 carte de visite photos, Lieutenant Rogers, Charles Hallett; photo of Port Royal House in Hilton Head, SC\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 267; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 269; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 274-280; clippings\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 281; typescript of letter written by Mary R. Appleton about USCT\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 282; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 284; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 285; General Order No. 50 for raising flag over Fort Sumter in 1865\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 286-end; clippings about 54th Massachusetts soldiers, casualties and death during the Civil War\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; letter from George Pope (Oct. 17, 1896)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; clippings about the Battle of Olustee (1912)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; clipping - \"The Civil War Fifty Years Ago\" (1913)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; Report of Frank Fletcher, showing condition of company after Wagner\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2421.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196487","title_ssm":["John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers"],"title_tesim":["John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1913","1863-1864"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0092","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2421"],"text":["A\u0026M 0092","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2421","John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers","Boston (Mass.)","Boston (Mass.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Charleston (S.C.)","Charleston (S.C.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Charleston (S.C.) -- History -- Siege, 1863","Fort Sumter (Charleston, S.C.)","Fort Wagner (S.C.)","Fort Warren (Mass.)","Jacksonville (Fla.)","Massachusetts - History - Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American.","Morris Island (S.C.)","Morris Island (S.C.) --  History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Participation, African American","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army -- African American troops","African American soldiers -- History -- 19th century","African American soldiers","African Americans ","Civil War -- Soldiers, Black","Civil War --  MA 54th. Vol. Inf.","Civil War - Massachusetts 54th Volunteers.","Fortification","Olustee, Battle of, Olustee, Fla., 1864","Secessionville, Battle of, Secessionville, S.C., 1862","No special access restriction applies.","John W. M. Appleton was born in Massachusetts in 1833. In the early years of the Civil War he served in the Boston Cadet Corps on guard and escort duty and then on garrison duty at the Boston Harbor. In early 1863, Appleton was commissioned as a second lieutenant and appointed one of the first officers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers. Appleton survived the unit's unsuccessful assault at Fort Wagner, South Carolina, in July 1863, but sustained wounds that kept him out of service for several months. In late November 1863, Appleton was appointed acting assistant inspector for the brigade, and in December he was promoted to major. Appleton suffered from severe sunstroke while on duty at James Island, South Carolina, in July 1864. Complications from his illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered sufficiently to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He served with the unit at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, until the close of the war and mustered out of service in August 1865. ","Major Appleton, his wife, Mary, and his young daughter, Mabel, moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when the Civil War ended. Appleton managed an artificial gas plant and later operated a woolen and grist mill. He also remained active in the military through the West Virginia Militia and National Guard and as adjutant general of West Virginia from 1897 to 1901. From 1886 to 1913, Appleton managed the Salt Sulphur Springs Resort in Monroe County. John W. M. Appleton died on his farm in Monroe County, West Virginia, in 1913.","John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Complications from an illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered enough to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Major Appleton and his family moved to West Virginia when the war ended, where he was active in a variety of business pursuits and remained active in the military, attaining the position of adjutant general of West Virginia.","Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records (series 2, 3, and 4), and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this African American regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters.","Significant topics documented by series 2, 3, and 4 include:","the geography and military installations around Charleston, South Carolina; \nthe assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in and around Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; \nthe fatigue work, picket duty, and daily life of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry; and \nthe Battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864.","Also included in the collection are family materials and business papers (series 1 and 5). The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills.","Series 1. Family Materials, box 1 and box 4, unfoldered.","Family materials include genealogical charts and two books: Memoir of Hon. William Appleton Prepared Agreeably to a Resolution of the Massachusetts Historical Society, by Rev. Chandler Robbins (Boston: Printed by J. Wilson and Son, 1863), and Memorial of Samuel Appleton of Ipswich, Massachusetts: With Genealogical Notices of Some of His Descendants, by Isaac Appleton Jewett (Boston: [publisher not identified], 1850), with signature of John W.M. Appleton inscribed. Also includes an oversize family tree (box 4, loose).","Series 2. Correspondence, box 2.","Appleton's personal correspondence includes a ledger of approximately 106 Civil War era letters, primarily written to his wife, dated April 1863 - March 1864. The letters are similar to the memoir, although they do contain some different material. Along with the letter book are seven loose letters, mostly from March 1863, one letter from February 1864, and a program for a Marine Corps band concert directed by John Phillip Sousa. ","Major topics of the letters include:","Fort Wagner Assault  -- Highlights include a letter written on July 18, 1863, the day of the assault, while Appleton and the 54th Massachusetts waited to attack Fort Wagner. Writing to his wife, Appleton describes the shelling and bombardment before the attack and troop positions for the attack. He also writes his goodbyes to his family. An addition at the bottom of the letter, written shortly after the assault ended, describes early details about the dead and wounded. Appleton was injured in the attack, and in his letter dated July 23, 1863, he assures his family that he is alright, although wounded. These letters are not included in the memoir. ","Fortifications and Military Actions  -- Includes sketches and descriptions of fortifications and military actions on Folly's Island, Morris Island, and James Island, South Carolina. Also includes sketches, description of fight, and map of the battle at the Battle of Secessionville, SC. Siege of Charleston (fall 1863 and winter 1863/1864) descriptions include information about attacks and garrison duty throughout siege, bombardments of fortifications, and a sketch of Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter from boat. Additionally, Appleton details the 1863 raids along the Georgia and South Carolina sea cost, and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864, including sketches and descriptions of engagements and camps.","Additional Topics Include  -- Racial issues, soldier life, camp life, troop morale, Appleton's promotion to Major, and expeditions and raids against southern towns and plantations. Racial issues include United States Colored Troops (USCT), black soldiers, and contraband slaves. Descriptions of officers' camp life include descriptions of tents, cabins, religious activities, drilling, food, holidays (Thanksgiving and Christmas), firing squad, and funerals. Appleton's promotion to Major is documented by a letter of recommendation, among other material.","Series 3. Memoir, boxes 3a-3b.","Box 3a contains John W.M. Appleton's memoir ledger, which begins with a few letters, then transitions to a memoir which is written in the style of a journal. The memoir describes his service from 1863 to 1865 based on his wartime letters, but he frequently expanded on his descriptions of military activities and events, particularly for operations at Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, and near Jacksonville, Florida, during the Battle of Olustee. The memoir also contains excerpts from many of his wartime letters. Additional topics include fatigue work, picket duty, artillery bombardments, desertion, executions, his daily activities and camp life, staff officers and the men in his company, issues related to being a black regiment, including payroll inequality, serving with USCT units in Florida, the reaction to black troops, and his sunstroke and convalescence in a Hilton Head hospital in July 1864. ","The memoir includes loose items and items glued to the pages, including photographs of officers and soldiers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry and of the Appleton family. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and other correspondence and materials related to the Civil War. Notable among these insertions are two issues of the soldier newspaper The Swamp Angel. A microfilm copy of the memoirs is available. See index below for a listing by page number of these loose and attached items found within the memoir ledger. It includes the names of those shown in photographs. The index also identifies, with the designation \"no page no.\", four loose items whose original location has been lost.","Box 3b contains a framed black and white photograph of Sergeant Major John Wilson, a member of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. This photograph was originally a loose item in the memoir in box 3a. ","Series 4. Military Records, box 4.","Appleton's military records include a bound book of military service records, as well as photographs, commissions, and other materials.","The bound book of military service records of John W.M. Appleton includes his discharge papers; a photograph of Appleton in uniform, which is glued to the discharge papers; commissions for his service with the 54th Massachusetts, including Second Lieutenant, Captain, and Major; commission as Major of the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; muster out rolls; and appointment as West Virginia Adjutant General. Also contains newspaper clippings about the 54th Massachusetts and Civil War. Loose items from the bound book include officer commission paperwork; a Shaw Memorial postcard; an obituary clippings for Appleton; and newspaper clippings about 54th Massachusetts and USCTs, Fort Wagner, Florida battles, Charleston siege, and the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.","Photographs include a card mounted photo of Fort Warren, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1863, and a photo of Major John W.M. Appleton in 1864.","Also includes two oversize commissions, for quartermaster general and adjutant general.","Series 5. Business Papers, box 5a-5b.","Business papers contain a ledger from Oriental Powder Mills(box 5a). Appleton was an agent of the Oriental Powder Mill, located in Boston, MA, and Charleston, WV. The ledger includes correspondence and records concerning the mill and business transactions, mostly concerning the buying and selling of powder, during the 1870s. This series also includes another ledger containing Trustees Report on Estates of Dr. John Appleton (alternately known as Record Book of Dr. John Appleton of Cambridge, MA kept by his son, John W.M. Appleton, 1875-1912) (box 5b).","Index to loose and attached items in the memoir (Series 3, box 3a): \nPage 0; carte de visite photo, Private John Appleton, 1862 \nPage 3; 3 carte de visite photos, Mrs. Appleton, Captain J.M. Appleton, N.P. Hallowell \nPage 7; 3 letters  \nPage 9; 2 carte de visite photos, Colonel Robert G. Shaw, Surgeon Lincoln R. Stone \nPage 30; clipping \nPage 43; clipping (loose), illustration of defenses of Charleston \nPage 49; carte de visite photo, Captain Russell  \nPage 51; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Sam Willard (Mann), Captain Simpkins \nPage 53; tintype photo of USCT soldier (contains information on back, but difficult to read due to attachment to memoir book) \nPage 55; clipping; 2 carte de visite photos, Adjutant G.W. James, structure \nPage 57; clipping; carte de visite photo, Colonel Robert G. Shaw \nPage 59; 2 clippings (fragile) \nPage 61; sketch; carte de visite photo, Captain George Pope \nPage 63; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Edward N. Jones, Lieutenant Edward B. Emerson \nPage 65; clipping \nPage 69; photo of hospital; carte de visite photo, Captain Luis Emilio \nPage 72; carte de visite photo, William Hallowell; map \nPage 73; 3 carte de visite photos, Sergeant Carney with flag, Drummer Henry Munroe, Drummer Miles Moore \nPage 74-79; clippings \nPage 81; clipping about Colonel Robert G. Shaw (loose) \nPage 83; carte de visite photo, Appleton Sturgis \nPage 87; 3 clippings (loose) \nPage 89; clipping \nPage 91; clipping; typescript listing of food rations \nPage 95; clipping \nPage 103; clipping \nPage 104; stereoview photo, Ruins of Cathedral Broad Street \nPage 105; 2 carte de visite photos, John Ritchie, C.A. Brigham \nPage 111; carte de visite photo, [William] Willie Homans; clipping of tent \nPage 113; carte de visite photo, Charles G. Chipman \nPage 127; clipping of song lyrics about colored troops \nPage 135; sketch of bomb proof \nPage 143; carte de visite photo, Willard Howard \nPage 144; carte de visite photo, Giles M. Pease \nPage 147; sketch of 54th Massachusetts regimental flag; carte de visite photo, E.N. Hallowell \nPage 149; typescript (loose) \nPage 159; Civil War era note; tintype photo, possibly of R.H.L. Jewett \nPage 161; photo of Jacksonville, Florida during Civil War \nPage 179; carte de visite photo of unidentified officer \nPage 181; carte de visite photo, Henry W. Litchfield \nPage 183; photo of signal tower in Jacksonville, Florida \nPage 187; typescript of Olustee, Florida battle casualties (loose) \nPage 219; sketch of 54th Massachusetts camp at Morris Island, 1864 \nPage 223; typescript of General Order; carte de visite photo, Robert Newell \nPage 225; carte de visite photo, Fort Sumter; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 19, 1864 issue); manuscript note (loose) \nPage 227; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Tucker; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 228; carte de visite photo, Captain Homans; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 231; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 26, 1864 issue) \nPage 232; stereoview photo, interior of Fort Sumter \nPage 235; carte de visite photo, W.W. Bridge \nPage 237; photo of cannon and crew \nPage 239; clipping about Charles L. Chandler death \nPage 243; carte de visite photo, Tom Appleton \nPage 253; 3 carte de visite photos, Major John Appleton (2 of the photos are loose) \nPage 257; carte de visite photo, Lieutenant Fred Webster \nPage 261; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Briggs [Brigges] (loose) \nPage 265; 2 carte de visite photos, Lieutenant Rogers, Charles Hallett; photo of Port Royal House in Hilton Head, SC \nPage 267; clipping \nPage 269; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 274-280; clippings \nPage 281; typescript of letter written by Mary R. Appleton about USCT \nPage 282; clipping \nPage 284; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 285; General Order No. 50 for raising flag over Fort Sumter in 1865 \nPage 286-end; clippings about 54th Massachusetts soldiers, casualties and death during the Civil War \nNo Page No.; letter from George Pope (Oct. 17, 1896) \nNo Page No.; clippings about the Battle of Olustee (1912) \nNo Page No.; clipping - \"The Civil War Fifty Years Ago\" (1913) \nNo Page No.; Report of Frank Fletcher, showing condition of company after Wagner","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters. Significant topics include the geography around Charleston, South Carolina; the assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in the Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; the fatigue work and picket duty of the 54th Massachusetts; and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864. Also included are family materials and business papers. The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills. See Scope and Content Note for more details. See Historical Note for more information about Appleton.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops","Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick.","English \n.    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In early 1863, Appleton was commissioned as a second lieutenant and appointed one of the first officers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers. Appleton survived the unit's unsuccessful assault at Fort Wagner, South Carolina, in July 1863, but sustained wounds that kept him out of service for several months. In late November 1863, Appleton was appointed acting assistant inspector for the brigade, and in December he was promoted to major. Appleton suffered from severe sunstroke while on duty at James Island, South Carolina, in July 1864. Complications from his illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered sufficiently to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He served with the unit at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, until the close of the war and mustered out of service in August 1865. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor Appleton, his wife, Mary, and his young daughter, Mabel, moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when the Civil War ended. Appleton managed an artificial gas plant and later operated a woolen and grist mill. He also remained active in the military through the West Virginia Militia and National Guard and as adjutant general of West Virginia from 1897 to 1901. From 1886 to 1913, Appleton managed the Salt Sulphur Springs Resort in Monroe County. John W. M. Appleton died on his farm in Monroe County, West Virginia, in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John W. M. Appleton was born in Massachusetts in 1833. In the early years of the Civil War he served in the Boston Cadet Corps on guard and escort duty and then on garrison duty at the Boston Harbor. In early 1863, Appleton was commissioned as a second lieutenant and appointed one of the first officers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers. Appleton survived the unit's unsuccessful assault at Fort Wagner, South Carolina, in July 1863, but sustained wounds that kept him out of service for several months. In late November 1863, Appleton was appointed acting assistant inspector for the brigade, and in December he was promoted to major. Appleton suffered from severe sunstroke while on duty at James Island, South Carolina, in July 1864. Complications from his illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered sufficiently to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He served with the unit at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, until the close of the war and mustered out of service in August 1865. ","Major Appleton, his wife, Mary, and his young daughter, Mabel, moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when the Civil War ended. Appleton managed an artificial gas plant and later operated a woolen and grist mill. He also remained active in the military through the West Virginia Militia and National Guard and as adjutant general of West Virginia from 1897 to 1901. From 1886 to 1913, Appleton managed the Salt Sulphur Springs Resort in Monroe County. John W. M. Appleton died on his farm in Monroe County, West Virginia, in 1913."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0092, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W.M. Appleton (1832-1913), Soldier, Civil War Papers, A\u0026M 0092, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Complications from an illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered enough to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Major Appleton and his family moved to West Virginia when the war ended, where he was active in a variety of business pursuits and remained active in the military, attaining the position of adjutant general of West Virginia.","Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records (series 2, 3, and 4), and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this African American regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters.","Significant topics documented by series 2, 3, and 4 include:","the geography and military installations around Charleston, South Carolina; \nthe assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in and around Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; \nthe fatigue work, picket duty, and daily life of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry; and \nthe Battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864.","Also included in the collection are family materials and business papers (series 1 and 5). The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills.","Series 1. Family Materials, box 1 and box 4, unfoldered.","Family materials include genealogical charts and two books: Memoir of Hon. William Appleton Prepared Agreeably to a Resolution of the Massachusetts Historical Society, by Rev. Chandler Robbins (Boston: Printed by J. Wilson and Son, 1863), and Memorial of Samuel Appleton of Ipswich, Massachusetts: With Genealogical Notices of Some of His Descendants, by Isaac Appleton Jewett (Boston: [publisher not identified], 1850), with signature of John W.M. Appleton inscribed. Also includes an oversize family tree (box 4, loose).","Series 2. Correspondence, box 2.","Appleton's personal correspondence includes a ledger of approximately 106 Civil War era letters, primarily written to his wife, dated April 1863 - March 1864. The letters are similar to the memoir, although they do contain some different material. Along with the letter book are seven loose letters, mostly from March 1863, one letter from February 1864, and a program for a Marine Corps band concert directed by John Phillip Sousa. ","Major topics of the letters include:","Fort Wagner Assault  -- Highlights include a letter written on July 18, 1863, the day of the assault, while Appleton and the 54th Massachusetts waited to attack Fort Wagner. Writing to his wife, Appleton describes the shelling and bombardment before the attack and troop positions for the attack. He also writes his goodbyes to his family. An addition at the bottom of the letter, written shortly after the assault ended, describes early details about the dead and wounded. Appleton was injured in the attack, and in his letter dated July 23, 1863, he assures his family that he is alright, although wounded. These letters are not included in the memoir. ","Fortifications and Military Actions  -- Includes sketches and descriptions of fortifications and military actions on Folly's Island, Morris Island, and James Island, South Carolina. Also includes sketches, description of fight, and map of the battle at the Battle of Secessionville, SC. Siege of Charleston (fall 1863 and winter 1863/1864) descriptions include information about attacks and garrison duty throughout siege, bombardments of fortifications, and a sketch of Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter from boat. Additionally, Appleton details the 1863 raids along the Georgia and South Carolina sea cost, and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864, including sketches and descriptions of engagements and camps.","Additional Topics Include  -- Racial issues, soldier life, camp life, troop morale, Appleton's promotion to Major, and expeditions and raids against southern towns and plantations. Racial issues include United States Colored Troops (USCT), black soldiers, and contraband slaves. Descriptions of officers' camp life include descriptions of tents, cabins, religious activities, drilling, food, holidays (Thanksgiving and Christmas), firing squad, and funerals. Appleton's promotion to Major is documented by a letter of recommendation, among other material.","Series 3. Memoir, boxes 3a-3b.","Box 3a contains John W.M. Appleton's memoir ledger, which begins with a few letters, then transitions to a memoir which is written in the style of a journal. The memoir describes his service from 1863 to 1865 based on his wartime letters, but he frequently expanded on his descriptions of military activities and events, particularly for operations at Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, and near Jacksonville, Florida, during the Battle of Olustee. The memoir also contains excerpts from many of his wartime letters. Additional topics include fatigue work, picket duty, artillery bombardments, desertion, executions, his daily activities and camp life, staff officers and the men in his company, issues related to being a black regiment, including payroll inequality, serving with USCT units in Florida, the reaction to black troops, and his sunstroke and convalescence in a Hilton Head hospital in July 1864. ","The memoir includes loose items and items glued to the pages, including photographs of officers and soldiers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry and of the Appleton family. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and other correspondence and materials related to the Civil War. Notable among these insertions are two issues of the soldier newspaper The Swamp Angel. A microfilm copy of the memoirs is available. See index below for a listing by page number of these loose and attached items found within the memoir ledger. It includes the names of those shown in photographs. The index also identifies, with the designation \"no page no.\", four loose items whose original location has been lost.","Box 3b contains a framed black and white photograph of Sergeant Major John Wilson, a member of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. This photograph was originally a loose item in the memoir in box 3a. ","Series 4. Military Records, box 4.","Appleton's military records include a bound book of military service records, as well as photographs, commissions, and other materials.","The bound book of military service records of John W.M. Appleton includes his discharge papers; a photograph of Appleton in uniform, which is glued to the discharge papers; commissions for his service with the 54th Massachusetts, including Second Lieutenant, Captain, and Major; commission as Major of the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; muster out rolls; and appointment as West Virginia Adjutant General. Also contains newspaper clippings about the 54th Massachusetts and Civil War. Loose items from the bound book include officer commission paperwork; a Shaw Memorial postcard; an obituary clippings for Appleton; and newspaper clippings about 54th Massachusetts and USCTs, Fort Wagner, Florida battles, Charleston siege, and the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.","Photographs include a card mounted photo of Fort Warren, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1863, and a photo of Major John W.M. Appleton in 1864.","Also includes two oversize commissions, for quartermaster general and adjutant general.","Series 5. Business Papers, box 5a-5b.","Business papers contain a ledger from Oriental Powder Mills(box 5a). Appleton was an agent of the Oriental Powder Mill, located in Boston, MA, and Charleston, WV. The ledger includes correspondence and records concerning the mill and business transactions, mostly concerning the buying and selling of powder, during the 1870s. This series also includes another ledger containing Trustees Report on Estates of Dr. John Appleton (alternately known as Record Book of Dr. John Appleton of Cambridge, MA kept by his son, John W.M. Appleton, 1875-1912) (box 5b).","Index to loose and attached items in the memoir (Series 3, box 3a): \nPage 0; carte de visite photo, Private John Appleton, 1862 \nPage 3; 3 carte de visite photos, Mrs. Appleton, Captain J.M. Appleton, N.P. Hallowell \nPage 7; 3 letters  \nPage 9; 2 carte de visite photos, Colonel Robert G. Shaw, Surgeon Lincoln R. Stone \nPage 30; clipping \nPage 43; clipping (loose), illustration of defenses of Charleston \nPage 49; carte de visite photo, Captain Russell  \nPage 51; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Sam Willard (Mann), Captain Simpkins \nPage 53; tintype photo of USCT soldier (contains information on back, but difficult to read due to attachment to memoir book) \nPage 55; clipping; 2 carte de visite photos, Adjutant G.W. James, structure \nPage 57; clipping; carte de visite photo, Colonel Robert G. Shaw \nPage 59; 2 clippings (fragile) \nPage 61; sketch; carte de visite photo, Captain George Pope \nPage 63; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Edward N. Jones, Lieutenant Edward B. Emerson \nPage 65; clipping \nPage 69; photo of hospital; carte de visite photo, Captain Luis Emilio \nPage 72; carte de visite photo, William Hallowell; map \nPage 73; 3 carte de visite photos, Sergeant Carney with flag, Drummer Henry Munroe, Drummer Miles Moore \nPage 74-79; clippings \nPage 81; clipping about Colonel Robert G. Shaw (loose) \nPage 83; carte de visite photo, Appleton Sturgis \nPage 87; 3 clippings (loose) \nPage 89; clipping \nPage 91; clipping; typescript listing of food rations \nPage 95; clipping \nPage 103; clipping \nPage 104; stereoview photo, Ruins of Cathedral Broad Street \nPage 105; 2 carte de visite photos, John Ritchie, C.A. Brigham \nPage 111; carte de visite photo, [William] Willie Homans; clipping of tent \nPage 113; carte de visite photo, Charles G. Chipman \nPage 127; clipping of song lyrics about colored troops \nPage 135; sketch of bomb proof \nPage 143; carte de visite photo, Willard Howard \nPage 144; carte de visite photo, Giles M. Pease \nPage 147; sketch of 54th Massachusetts regimental flag; carte de visite photo, E.N. Hallowell \nPage 149; typescript (loose) \nPage 159; Civil War era note; tintype photo, possibly of R.H.L. Jewett \nPage 161; photo of Jacksonville, Florida during Civil War \nPage 179; carte de visite photo of unidentified officer \nPage 181; carte de visite photo, Henry W. Litchfield \nPage 183; photo of signal tower in Jacksonville, Florida \nPage 187; typescript of Olustee, Florida battle casualties (loose) \nPage 219; sketch of 54th Massachusetts camp at Morris Island, 1864 \nPage 223; typescript of General Order; carte de visite photo, Robert Newell \nPage 225; carte de visite photo, Fort Sumter; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 19, 1864 issue); manuscript note (loose) \nPage 227; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Tucker; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 228; carte de visite photo, Captain Homans; manuscript note (loose) \nPage 231; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 26, 1864 issue) \nPage 232; stereoview photo, interior of Fort Sumter \nPage 235; carte de visite photo, W.W. Bridge \nPage 237; photo of cannon and crew \nPage 239; clipping about Charles L. Chandler death \nPage 243; carte de visite photo, Tom Appleton \nPage 253; 3 carte de visite photos, Major John Appleton (2 of the photos are loose) \nPage 257; carte de visite photo, Lieutenant Fred Webster \nPage 261; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Briggs [Brigges] (loose) \nPage 265; 2 carte de visite photos, Lieutenant Rogers, Charles Hallett; photo of Port Royal House in Hilton Head, SC \nPage 267; clipping \nPage 269; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 274-280; clippings \nPage 281; typescript of letter written by Mary R. Appleton about USCT \nPage 282; clipping \nPage 284; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members \nPage 285; General Order No. 50 for raising flag over Fort Sumter in 1865 \nPage 286-end; clippings about 54th Massachusetts soldiers, casualties and death during the Civil War \nNo Page No.; letter from George Pope (Oct. 17, 1896) \nNo Page No.; clippings about the Battle of Olustee (1912) \nNo Page No.; clipping - \"The Civil War Fifty Years Ago\" (1913) \nNo Page No.; Report of Frank Fletcher, showing condition of company after Wagner"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9b4e106fac41cdd8069e0f3293b98f09\"\u003eJohn W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters. Significant topics include the geography around Charleston, South Carolina; the assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in the Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; the fatigue work and picket duty of the 54th Massachusetts; and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864. Also included are family materials and business papers. The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills. See Scope and Content Note for more details. See Historical Note for more information about Appleton.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["John W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Appleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records, and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters. Significant topics include the geography around Charleston, South Carolina; the assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in the Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863; the fatigue work and picket duty of the 54th Massachusetts; and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864. Also included are family materials and business papers. The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills. See Scope and Content Note for more details. See Historical Note for more information about Appleton."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ec37607c159bd234584aeb24f2e6a0e2\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops","Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Oriental Powder Mills  (Charleston, W. Va.)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Heavy Artillery Regiment, 1st (1862-1865)","United States. Army. Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 54th (1863-1865)","United States. Colored Troops"],"persname_ssim":["Appleton, John W. M., 1832-1913","Appleton, Dr. John.","Appleton, Samuel.","Appleton, William.","Armstrong, Fredrick."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:08:32.506Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn W. M. Appleton (1833-1913) was an officer in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the Union's first regiment of African American soldiers, during the Civil War. Complications from an illness forced his early resignation from the 54th Massachusetts in late 1864, but by early 1865 Appleton had recovered enough to perform garrison duties with the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Major Appleton and his family moved to West Virginia when the war ended, where he was active in a variety of business pursuits and remained active in the military, attaining the position of adjutant general of West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppleton's letters to his wife, memoirs, military records (series 2, 3, and 4), and other materials provide a detailed account of his military service with this African American regiment, including the daily operations and activities of his company, troop movements and engagements, and the challenges facing black troops. Appleton also drew detailed sketches in his memoir and letters that depict the battlefield landscape and his unit's positions, including fortifications, encampments, and quarters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant topics documented by series 2, 3, and 4 include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethe geography and military installations around Charleston, South Carolina;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nthe assault on Fort Wagner and other engagements in and around Charleston Harbor in the summer and fall of 1863;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nthe fatigue work, picket duty, and daily life of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry; and\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nthe Battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in the collection are family materials and business papers (series 1 and 5). The family materials include genealogy as well as books about Hon. William Appleton and Samuel Appleton. The business papers contain a ledger from Appleton's time as an agent with Oriental Powder Mills.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Family Materials, box 1 and box 4, unfoldered.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFamily materials include genealogical charts and two books: Memoir of Hon. William Appleton Prepared Agreeably to a Resolution of the Massachusetts Historical Society, by Rev. Chandler Robbins (Boston: Printed by J. Wilson and Son, 1863), and Memorial of Samuel Appleton of Ipswich, Massachusetts: With Genealogical Notices of Some of His Descendants, by Isaac Appleton Jewett (Boston: [publisher not identified], 1850), with signature of John W.M. Appleton inscribed. Also includes an oversize family tree (box 4, loose).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Correspondence, box 2.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppleton's personal correspondence includes a ledger of approximately 106 Civil War era letters, primarily written to his wife, dated April 1863 - March 1864. The letters are similar to the memoir, although they do contain some different material. Along with the letter book are seven loose letters, mostly from March 1863, one letter from February 1864, and a program for a Marine Corps band concert directed by John Phillip Sousa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor topics of the letters include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFort Wagner Assault\u003c/emph\u003e -- Highlights include a letter written on July 18, 1863, the day of the assault, while Appleton and the 54th Massachusetts waited to attack Fort Wagner. Writing to his wife, Appleton describes the shelling and bombardment before the attack and troop positions for the attack. He also writes his goodbyes to his family. An addition at the bottom of the letter, written shortly after the assault ended, describes early details about the dead and wounded. Appleton was injured in the attack, and in his letter dated July 23, 1863, he assures his family that he is alright, although wounded. These letters are not included in the memoir. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFortifications and Military Actions\u003c/emph\u003e -- Includes sketches and descriptions of fortifications and military actions on Folly's Island, Morris Island, and James Island, South Carolina. Also includes sketches, description of fight, and map of the battle at the Battle of Secessionville, SC. Siege of Charleston (fall 1863 and winter 1863/1864) descriptions include information about attacks and garrison duty throughout siege, bombardments of fortifications, and a sketch of Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter from boat. Additionally, Appleton details the 1863 raids along the Georgia and South Carolina sea cost, and the battle of Olustee and related engagements near Jacksonville, Florida, in February and March 1864, including sketches and descriptions of engagements and camps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAdditional Topics Include\u003c/emph\u003e -- Racial issues, soldier life, camp life, troop morale, Appleton's promotion to Major, and expeditions and raids against southern towns and plantations. Racial issues include United States Colored Troops (USCT), black soldiers, and contraband slaves. Descriptions of officers' camp life include descriptions of tents, cabins, religious activities, drilling, food, holidays (Thanksgiving and Christmas), firing squad, and funerals. Appleton's promotion to Major is documented by a letter of recommendation, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Memoir, boxes 3a-3b.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 3a contains John W.M. Appleton's memoir ledger, which begins with a few letters, then transitions to a memoir which is written in the style of a journal. The memoir describes his service from 1863 to 1865 based on his wartime letters, but he frequently expanded on his descriptions of military activities and events, particularly for operations at Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, and near Jacksonville, Florida, during the Battle of Olustee. The memoir also contains excerpts from many of his wartime letters. Additional topics include fatigue work, picket duty, artillery bombardments, desertion, executions, his daily activities and camp life, staff officers and the men in his company, issues related to being a black regiment, including payroll inequality, serving with USCT units in Florida, the reaction to black troops, and his sunstroke and convalescence in a Hilton Head hospital in July 1864. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe memoir includes loose items and items glued to the pages, including photographs of officers and soldiers of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry and of the Appleton family. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and other correspondence and materials related to the Civil War. Notable among these insertions are two issues of the soldier newspaper The Swamp Angel. A microfilm copy of the memoirs is available. See index below for a listing by page number of these loose and attached items found within the memoir ledger. It includes the names of those shown in photographs. The index also identifies, with the designation \"no page no.\", four loose items whose original location has been lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 3b contains a framed black and white photograph of Sergeant Major John Wilson, a member of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. This photograph was originally a loose item in the memoir in box 3a. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Military Records, box 4.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppleton's military records include a bound book of military service records, as well as photographs, commissions, and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bound book of military service records of John W.M. Appleton includes his discharge papers; a photograph of Appleton in uniform, which is glued to the discharge papers; commissions for his service with the 54th Massachusetts, including Second Lieutenant, Captain, and Major; commission as Major of the 1st Battalion Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; muster out rolls; and appointment as West Virginia Adjutant General. Also contains newspaper clippings about the 54th Massachusetts and Civil War. Loose items from the bound book include officer commission paperwork; a Shaw Memorial postcard; an obituary clippings for Appleton; and newspaper clippings about 54th Massachusetts and USCTs, Fort Wagner, Florida battles, Charleston siege, and the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include a card mounted photo of Fort Warren, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1863, and a photo of Major John W.M. Appleton in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes two oversize commissions, for quartermaster general and adjutant general.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Business Papers, box 5a-5b.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness papers contain a ledger from Oriental Powder Mills(box 5a). Appleton was an agent of the Oriental Powder Mill, located in Boston, MA, and Charleston, WV. The ledger includes correspondence and records concerning the mill and business transactions, mostly concerning the buying and selling of powder, during the 1870s. This series also includes another ledger containing Trustees Report on Estates of Dr. John Appleton (alternately known as Record Book of Dr. John Appleton of Cambridge, MA kept by his son, John W.M. Appleton, 1875-1912) (box 5b).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIndex to loose and attached items in the memoir (Series 3, box 3a):\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 0; carte de visite photo, Private John Appleton, 1862\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 3; 3 carte de visite photos, Mrs. Appleton, Captain J.M. Appleton, N.P. Hallowell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 7; 3 letters \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 9; 2 carte de visite photos, Colonel Robert G. Shaw, Surgeon Lincoln R. Stone\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 30; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 43; clipping (loose), illustration of defenses of Charleston\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 49; carte de visite photo, Captain Russell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nPage 51; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Sam Willard (Mann), Captain Simpkins\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 53; tintype photo of USCT soldier (contains information on back, but difficult to read due to attachment to memoir book)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 55; clipping; 2 carte de visite photos, Adjutant G.W. James, structure\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 57; clipping; carte de visite photo, Colonel Robert G. Shaw\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 59; 2 clippings (fragile)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 61; sketch; carte de visite photo, Captain George Pope\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 63; 2 carte de visite photos, Captain Edward N. Jones, Lieutenant Edward B. Emerson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 65; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 69; photo of hospital; carte de visite photo, Captain Luis Emilio\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 72; carte de visite photo, William Hallowell; map\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 73; 3 carte de visite photos, Sergeant Carney with flag, Drummer Henry Munroe, Drummer Miles Moore\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 74-79; clippings\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 81; clipping about Colonel Robert G. Shaw (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 83; carte de visite photo, Appleton Sturgis\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 87; 3 clippings (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 89; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 91; clipping; typescript listing of food rations\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 95; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 103; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 104; stereoview photo, Ruins of Cathedral Broad Street\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 105; 2 carte de visite photos, John Ritchie, C.A. Brigham\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 111; carte de visite photo, [William] Willie Homans; clipping of tent\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 113; carte de visite photo, Charles G. Chipman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 127; clipping of song lyrics about colored troops\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 135; sketch of bomb proof\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 143; carte de visite photo, Willard Howard\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 144; carte de visite photo, Giles M. Pease\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 147; sketch of 54th Massachusetts regimental flag; carte de visite photo, E.N. Hallowell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 149; typescript (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 159; Civil War era note; tintype photo, possibly of R.H.L. Jewett\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 161; photo of Jacksonville, Florida during Civil War\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 179; carte de visite photo of unidentified officer\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 181; carte de visite photo, Henry W. Litchfield\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 183; photo of signal tower in Jacksonville, Florida\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 187; typescript of Olustee, Florida battle casualties (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 219; sketch of 54th Massachusetts camp at Morris Island, 1864\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 223; typescript of General Order; carte de visite photo, Robert Newell\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 225; carte de visite photo, Fort Sumter; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 19, 1864 issue); manuscript note (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 227; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Tucker; manuscript note (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 228; carte de visite photo, Captain Homans; manuscript note (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 231; Swamp Angel (camp newspaper, May 26, 1864 issue)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 232; stereoview photo, interior of Fort Sumter\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 235; carte de visite photo, W.W. Bridge\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 237; photo of cannon and crew\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 239; clipping about Charles L. Chandler death\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 243; carte de visite photo, Tom Appleton\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 253; 3 carte de visite photos, Major John Appleton (2 of the photos are loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 257; carte de visite photo, Lieutenant Fred Webster\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 261; carte de visite photo, Charles E. Briggs [Brigges] (loose)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 265; 2 carte de visite photos, Lieutenant Rogers, Charles Hallett; photo of Port Royal House in Hilton Head, SC\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 267; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 269; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 274-280; clippings\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 281; typescript of letter written by Mary R. Appleton about USCT\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 282; clipping\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 284; typescript, Senate Bill granting medals to 54th Massachusetts members\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 285; General Order No. 50 for raising flag over Fort Sumter in 1865\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPage 286-end; clippings about 54th Massachusetts soldiers, casualties and death during the Civil War\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; letter from George Pope (Oct. 17, 1896)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; clippings about the Battle of Olustee (1912)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; clipping - \"The Civil War Fifty Years Ago\" (1913)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNo Page No.; Report of Frank Fletcher, showing condition of company after Wagner\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2421"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c172","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"L'isthme de l'Acadie, Baye du Beaubassin, en Anglois Shegnekto, environs du Fort Beausejour","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c172#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c172","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c172"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c172","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"text":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","L'isthme de l'Acadie, Baye du Beaubassin, en Anglois Shegnekto, environs du Fort Beausejour","Some foxing at edges, some yellowing.","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Chignecto Isthmus (N.B. and N.S.)","Fortification","Maps (documents)","French .","Drawer 122 : L : 6","Section 3","Client reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.","Paris : chez le Rouge, 1755","Scale [ca. 1:125,000]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Oriented with north toward the upper right."],"title_filing_ssi":"L'isthme de l'Acadie, Baye du Beaubassin, en Anglois Shegnekto, environs du Fort Beausejour","title_ssm":["L'isthme de l'Acadie, Baye du Beaubassin, en Anglois Shegnekto, environs du Fort Beausejour"],"title_tesim":["L'isthme de l'Acadie, Baye du Beaubassin, en Anglois Shegnekto, environs du Fort Beausejour"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1755"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1755"],"normalized_title_ssm":["L'isthme de l'Acadie, Baye du Beaubassin, en Anglois Shegnekto, environs du Fort Beausejour"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"physdesc_tesim":["Some foxing at edges, some yellowing."],"extent_ssm":["1 Sheets"],"extent_tesim":["1 Sheets"],"physfacet_tesim":["1 map"],"dimensions_tesim":["30 x 44 cm"],"creator_ssim":["Le Rouge, Georges-Louis"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":172,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1755],"names_ssim":["Le Rouge, Georges-Louis"],"persname_ssim":["Le Rouge, Georges-Louis"],"geogname_ssim":["Chignecto Isthmus (N.B. and N.S.)"],"geogname_ssm":["Chignecto Isthmus (N.B. and N.S.)"],"places_ssim":["Chignecto Isthmus (N.B. and N.S.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fortification","Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fortification","Maps (documents)"],"language_ssim":["French ."],"containers_ssim":["Drawer 122 : L : 6","Section 3"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClient reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Reference numbers","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Client reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eParis : chez le Rouge, 1755\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Created/Published"],"odd_tesim":["Paris : chez le Rouge, 1755"],"materialspec_html_tesm":["\u003cmaterialspec id=\"aspace_2bb63c672fd4ead9e72f5696b92088c6\"\u003eScale [ca. 1:125,000]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Oriented with north toward the upper right.\u003c/materialspec\u003e"],"materialspec_tesim":["Scale [ca. 1:125,000]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Oriented with north toward the upper right."],"_nest_path_":"/components#171","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:45:00.969Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_74.xml","title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"text":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74","Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783","Maps (documents)","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. (Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. (Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792","English \n,        French \n,        German \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"creator_ssm":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creator_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creators_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) 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