{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+rights+demonstrations\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+rights+demonstrations\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":3,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Walker, Wyatt Tee","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"text":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\nCurrently, portions of Series 1 through 4 are available to research, encompassing all manuscript material through Dr. Walker's departure from SCLC in 1964. More material will be opened for research as processing work continues.  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":192,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:05.988Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"text":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\nCurrently, portions of Series 1 through 4 are available to research, encompassing all manuscript material through Dr. Walker's departure from SCLC in 1964. More material will be opened for research as processing work continues.  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":192,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:05.988Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James H. Laue papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Laue, James H.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_18.xml","title_filing_ssi":"James H. Laue papers","title_ssm":["James H. Laue papers"],"title_tesim":["James H. Laue papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1999; 1960-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1999; 1960-1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James H. Laue papers"],"text":["James H. Laue papers","C0055","/repositories/2/resources/18","Southern States -- Race relations","Conflict management","Civil rights demonstrations","African Americans -- Civil rights -- History -- 20th century","Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into eleven series by subject.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1960-1993 (Box 1-3)\n      Series 2: Conflict Resolution Papers, 1967-1993 (Box 3-31)\n      Series 3: Peace Academy Campaign Papers, 1947-1990, bulk 1976-1990 (Box 31-50)\n      Series 4: Civil Rights Papers, 1956-1988, bulk 1960-1970 (Box 50-68)\n      Series 5: Academic Papers, 1947-1999 (Box 69-87)\n      Series 6: Conferences and Workshops, 1962-1992 (Box 87-93)\n      Series 7: News Clippings and Articles, 1936-1992 (Box 93-97)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1942-1992 (Box 97-98)\n      Series 9: Memorabilia, 1949-1993 (Box 98)\n      Series 10: Audio Cassettes, 1968-1991 (Box 99)\n      Series 11: Oversize, 1960-1980 (Box 100)","James H. Laue was born in River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1937. Laue graduated high school in 1955 and went to college in his home town at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls, where he took a major in sociology. After earning his Bachelor's degree in 1959, Laue was admitted to the Harvard graduate program in sociology with a Danforth Fellowship, where he studied race relations and the sociology of religion under such distinguished sociologists as Talcott Parsons, Gordon Allport, and David Riesman.","During his graduate studies, Laue became involved in the Civil Rights movement, attending lunch counter sit-ins, church \"kneel-ins,\" and protests organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Laue's 1966 doctoral dissertation, \"Direct Action and Desegregation: Toward a Theory of the Rationalization of Protest,\" grew out of a combination of diligent sociological analysis and first-hand experience in the Civil Rights movement. These experiences, along with a pious adherence to the core tenets of Christianity, influenced Laue's approach to conflict analysis, which he described in his 1976 University of Missouri tenure application as \"a conscious and explicit linking of scholarship and action.\"","Combining social theory and practical problem-solving into a new practice of clinical sociology, Laue helped to establish the field of conflict resolution as a distinct academic discipline, and his career reflects both the academic and the activist sides of the field. From 1965-1969, Laue served on the US Department of Justice's Community Relations Service (CRS), an agency established under the 1964 Civil Rights Act to help resolve racial conflicts. After leaving the CRS, Laue held academic positions at the Laboratory of Community Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School (1969-1971), Washington University-St. Louis (1971-1974), the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1975-1986), and finally, George Mason University (1986-1993) where he became the first Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution. Laue also served as President and Executive Director of the Conflict Clinic, Inc., a non-profit dispute-resolution organization, from 1984 - ca. 1989.","In 1976 Laue co-founded and chaired the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which sought to establish a national institute for peace research and education. Three years later, President Jimmy Carter appointed Laue Chair of the congressional Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The evidence gathered by the Commission at public hearings across the US, along with Laue's testimony before Congress in the early 1980s, was instrumental in establishing the US Institute of Peace and its funding counterpart, the National Peace Institute Foundation, which Laue also chaired during the 1980s.","Throughout his long and prodigious career, Laue participated in dozens of academic conferences, taught numerous classes and workshops on dispute resolution, published scores of academic papers, collaborated with Civil Rights activists and arms-control advocacy groups, delivered sermons at churches and speeches at graduate commencements, and remained active in the field of peacemaking and conflict resolution until his death in 1993.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections on Peace and Conflict Studies.","This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. The papers document Laue's development as a sociology student and Civil Rights activist in the early 1960s through his career as a mediator and professor of urban sociology and conflict resolution into the early 1990s. Materials in the collection include manuscripts, correspondence, workshop papers, notebooks, legal documents, photographs, audio cassettes, and memorabilia.","Series 1, Correspondence, contains correspondence between Laue and his colleagues, including Civil Rights advocates during the 1960s and Peace Academy Commission members during the late 1970s and early 80s. The series is divided into two subseries of correspondence, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 2, Conflict Resolution Papers, contains materials from various conflict resolution organizations, initiatives, and workshops in which Laue participated as a leader or active member. The series includes mediation workshop materials, manuscript drafts of books and essays on the practice of conflict resolution, and papers documenting Laue's role in mediating such conflicts as the farm debt crisis of the mid 1980s, the Fort Worth I-30 expansion dispute, and the public memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings. Figuring prominently in the series is Laue's work with the Community Crisis Intervention Center at Washington University-St. Louis in the 1970s and the Conflict Clinic, Inc. at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1980s (and later at George Mason University).","Series 3, Peace Academy Campaign Papers, documents Laue's leading role in the campaign to establish a U.S. Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The series includes public hearings conducted by the Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace, which Laue chaired in 1978-1980; Congressional records and hearings regarding the establishment of the U.S. Academy of Peace; newsletters, brochures, and meeting minutes of the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which Laue co-founded in 1976; and various administrative, financial, and promotional materials from the National Peace Academy Foundation / National Peace Institute Foundation (NPAF/NPIF), and the U.S. Academy of Peace / U.S. Institute of Peace (USAP/USIP).","Series 4, Civil Rights Papers, documents Laue's involvement in the Civil Rights movement during the 1960s. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 4.1, Direct Action and Desegregation, covers Laue's activism in the Civil Rights movement during the early 1960s and includes notes, interviews, and other materials used in his dissertation, Direct Action and Desegregation, 1960-1962 as well as later essays on Civil Rights by Laue and others. This subseries also contains memoranda, pamphlets, and newsletters from such prominent Sixties grass-roots organizations as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Southern Regional Council (SRC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Subseries 4.2, Community Relations Service (CRS), documents Laue's work for the CRS under the U.S. Department of Justice in the mid to late 1960s, where he became the head of Program Evaluation and Development. Materials include reports, meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel files, and speeches.","Series 5, Academic Papers, contains materials from Laue's work as a student, scholar, and teacher. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 5.1, Student Papers, covers Laue's academic career from childhood in River Falls, Wisconsin through college and graduate school at Harvard. The subseries contains sociology papers Laue wrote as a student, college notebooks, course materials, church sermons, and correspondence with professors. Subseries 5.2, Professional Papers, covers Laue's academic career as a researcher at the Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Community Psychiatry, as a professor of sociology and urban studies at Washington University-St. Louis and the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1970s and 80s, and as a professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason University in the late 80s and early 90s. The subseries contains journal articles and commencement speeches written by Laue, course materials, academic exercises used in workshops on conflict mediation, and biographical materials prepared for annual reviews and tenure application.","Series 6, Conferences and Workshops, contains programs, presentations, notes, and correspondence pertaining to various conferences and workshops Laue attended or administered. The folder dates in this series generally refer to the dates the conferences were held and may not encompass the date range of all materials in the folder. Ranging from small local workshops to large international meetings, the conferences cover a range of themes including desegregation, clinical sociology, community conflict intervention, international arbitration, and peace education. Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 8, Photographs, contains mostly black-and-white photographs of Laue from youth through adulthood. The series contains several portraits as well as pictures of Laue with fellow students, family members, and colleagues.","Series 9, Memorabilia, contains certificates, drawings, posters, and other memorabilia mostly from Laue's youth. Included are several items from Laue's participation in the Wisconsin American Legion Badger Boys civic activism program as a child.","Series 10, Audio Cassettes, contains audio tape recordings of presentations, sermons, and speeches by James Laue, Jimmy Carter, and Martin Luther King, Jr.","Series 11, Oversize, contains newspapers and large format magazines mostly dealing with racial issues, protest, and civil rights.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution","Laue, James H.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James H. Laue papers"],"collection_ssim":["James H. Laue papers"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0055","/repositories/2/resources/18"],"unitid_tesim":["C0055","/repositories/2/resources/18"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Southern States -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Southern States -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Southern States -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Laue, James H."],"creator_ssim":["Laue, James H."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Laue, James H."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"creators_ssim":["Laue, James H.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Mariann Laue Baker in 1999."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Conflict management","Civil rights demonstrations","African Americans -- Civil rights -- History -- 20th century","Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Conflict management","Civil rights demonstrations","African Americans -- Civil rights -- History -- 20th century","Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["43 Linear Feet 101 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["43 Linear Feet 101 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into eleven series by subject.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1960-1993 (Box 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Conflict Resolution Papers, 1967-1993 (Box 3-31)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Peace Academy Campaign Papers, 1947-1990, bulk 1976-1990 (Box 31-50)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Civil Rights Papers, 1956-1988, bulk 1960-1970 (Box 50-68)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Academic Papers, 1947-1999 (Box 69-87)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Conferences and Workshops, 1962-1992 (Box 87-93)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: News Clippings and Articles, 1936-1992 (Box 93-97)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1942-1992 (Box 97-98)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Memorabilia, 1949-1993 (Box 98)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audio Cassettes, 1968-1991 (Box 99)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Oversize, 1960-1980 (Box 100)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into eleven series by subject.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1960-1993 (Box 1-3)\n      Series 2: Conflict Resolution Papers, 1967-1993 (Box 3-31)\n      Series 3: Peace Academy Campaign Papers, 1947-1990, bulk 1976-1990 (Box 31-50)\n      Series 4: Civil Rights Papers, 1956-1988, bulk 1960-1970 (Box 50-68)\n      Series 5: Academic Papers, 1947-1999 (Box 69-87)\n      Series 6: Conferences and Workshops, 1962-1992 (Box 87-93)\n      Series 7: News Clippings and Articles, 1936-1992 (Box 93-97)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1942-1992 (Box 97-98)\n      Series 9: Memorabilia, 1949-1993 (Box 98)\n      Series 10: Audio Cassettes, 1968-1991 (Box 99)\n      Series 11: Oversize, 1960-1980 (Box 100)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Laue was born in River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1937. Laue graduated high school in 1955 and went to college in his home town at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls, where he took a major in sociology. After earning his Bachelor's degree in 1959, Laue was admitted to the Harvard graduate program in sociology with a Danforth Fellowship, where he studied race relations and the sociology of religion under such distinguished sociologists as Talcott Parsons, Gordon Allport, and David Riesman. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During his graduate studies, Laue became involved in the Civil Rights movement, attending lunch counter sit-ins, church \"kneel-ins,\" and protests organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Laue's 1966 doctoral dissertation, \"Direct Action and Desegregation: Toward a Theory of the Rationalization of Protest,\" grew out of a combination of diligent sociological analysis and first-hand experience in the Civil Rights movement. These experiences, along with a pious adherence to the core tenets of Christianity, influenced Laue's approach to conflict analysis, which he described in his 1976 University of Missouri tenure application as \"a conscious and explicit linking of scholarship and action.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Combining social theory and practical problem-solving into a new practice of clinical sociology, Laue helped to establish the field of conflict resolution as a distinct academic discipline, and his career reflects both the academic and the activist sides of the field. From 1965-1969, Laue served on the US Department of Justice's Community Relations Service (CRS), an agency established under the 1964 Civil Rights Act to help resolve racial conflicts. After leaving the CRS, Laue held academic positions at the Laboratory of Community Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School (1969-1971), Washington University-St. Louis (1971-1974), the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1975-1986), and finally, George Mason University (1986-1993) where he became the first Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution. Laue also served as President and Executive Director of the Conflict Clinic, Inc., a non-profit dispute-resolution organization, from 1984 - ca. 1989. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1976 Laue co-founded and chaired the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which sought to establish a national institute for peace research and education. Three years later, President Jimmy Carter appointed Laue Chair of the congressional Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The evidence gathered by the Commission at public hearings across the US, along with Laue's testimony before Congress in the early 1980s, was instrumental in establishing the US Institute of Peace and its funding counterpart, the National Peace Institute Foundation, which Laue also chaired during the 1980s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Throughout his long and prodigious career, Laue participated in dozens of academic conferences, taught numerous classes and workshops on dispute resolution, published scores of academic papers, collaborated with Civil Rights activists and arms-control advocacy groups, delivered sermons at churches and speeches at graduate commencements, and remained active in the field of peacemaking and conflict resolution until his death in 1993. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James H. Laue was born in River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1937. Laue graduated high school in 1955 and went to college in his home town at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls, where he took a major in sociology. After earning his Bachelor's degree in 1959, Laue was admitted to the Harvard graduate program in sociology with a Danforth Fellowship, where he studied race relations and the sociology of religion under such distinguished sociologists as Talcott Parsons, Gordon Allport, and David Riesman.","During his graduate studies, Laue became involved in the Civil Rights movement, attending lunch counter sit-ins, church \"kneel-ins,\" and protests organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Laue's 1966 doctoral dissertation, \"Direct Action and Desegregation: Toward a Theory of the Rationalization of Protest,\" grew out of a combination of diligent sociological analysis and first-hand experience in the Civil Rights movement. These experiences, along with a pious adherence to the core tenets of Christianity, influenced Laue's approach to conflict analysis, which he described in his 1976 University of Missouri tenure application as \"a conscious and explicit linking of scholarship and action.\"","Combining social theory and practical problem-solving into a new practice of clinical sociology, Laue helped to establish the field of conflict resolution as a distinct academic discipline, and his career reflects both the academic and the activist sides of the field. From 1965-1969, Laue served on the US Department of Justice's Community Relations Service (CRS), an agency established under the 1964 Civil Rights Act to help resolve racial conflicts. After leaving the CRS, Laue held academic positions at the Laboratory of Community Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School (1969-1971), Washington University-St. Louis (1971-1974), the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1975-1986), and finally, George Mason University (1986-1993) where he became the first Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution. Laue also served as President and Executive Director of the Conflict Clinic, Inc., a non-profit dispute-resolution organization, from 1984 - ca. 1989.","In 1976 Laue co-founded and chaired the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which sought to establish a national institute for peace research and education. Three years later, President Jimmy Carter appointed Laue Chair of the congressional Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The evidence gathered by the Commission at public hearings across the US, along with Laue's testimony before Congress in the early 1980s, was instrumental in establishing the US Institute of Peace and its funding counterpart, the National Peace Institute Foundation, which Laue also chaired during the 1980s.","Throughout his long and prodigious career, Laue participated in dozens of academic conferences, taught numerous classes and workshops on dispute resolution, published scores of academic papers, collaborated with Civil Rights activists and arms-control advocacy groups, delivered sermons at churches and speeches at graduate commencements, and remained active in the field of peacemaking and conflict resolution until his death in 1993."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Laue papers, C0055, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James H. Laue papers, C0055, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections on Peace and Conflict Studies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections on Peace and Conflict Studies."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. The papers document Laue's development as a sociology student and Civil Rights activist in the early 1960s through his career as a mediator and professor of urban sociology and conflict resolution into the early 1990s. Materials in the collection include manuscripts, correspondence, workshop papers, notebooks, legal documents, photographs, audio cassettes, and memorabilia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1, Correspondence, contains correspondence between Laue and his colleagues, including Civil Rights advocates during the 1960s and Peace Academy Commission members during the late 1970s and early 80s. The series is divided into two subseries of correspondence, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by surname. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2, Conflict Resolution Papers, contains materials from various conflict resolution organizations, initiatives, and workshops in which Laue participated as a leader or active member. The series includes mediation workshop materials, manuscript drafts of books and essays on the practice of conflict resolution, and papers documenting Laue's role in mediating such conflicts as the farm debt crisis of the mid 1980s, the Fort Worth I-30 expansion dispute, and the public memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings. Figuring prominently in the series is Laue's work with the Community Crisis Intervention Center at Washington University-St. Louis in the 1970s and the Conflict Clinic, Inc. at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1980s (and later at George Mason University). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3, Peace Academy Campaign Papers, documents Laue's leading role in the campaign to establish a U.S. Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The series includes public hearings conducted by the Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace, which Laue chaired in 1978-1980; Congressional records and hearings regarding the establishment of the U.S. Academy of Peace; newsletters, brochures, and meeting minutes of the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which Laue co-founded in 1976; and various administrative, financial, and promotional materials from the National Peace Academy Foundation / National Peace Institute Foundation (NPAF/NPIF), and the U.S. Academy of Peace / U.S. Institute of Peace (USAP/USIP). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4, Civil Rights Papers, documents Laue's involvement in the Civil Rights movement during the 1960s. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 4.1, Direct Action and Desegregation, covers Laue's activism in the Civil Rights movement during the early 1960s and includes notes, interviews, and other materials used in his dissertation, Direct Action and Desegregation, 1960-1962 as well as later essays on Civil Rights by Laue and others. This subseries also contains memoranda, pamphlets, and newsletters from such prominent Sixties grass-roots organizations as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Southern Regional Council (SRC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Subseries 4.2, Community Relations Service (CRS), documents Laue's work for the CRS under the U.S. Department of Justice in the mid to late 1960s, where he became the head of Program Evaluation and Development. Materials include reports, meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel files, and speeches. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5, Academic Papers, contains materials from Laue's work as a student, scholar, and teacher. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 5.1, Student Papers, covers Laue's academic career from childhood in River Falls, Wisconsin through college and graduate school at Harvard. The subseries contains sociology papers Laue wrote as a student, college notebooks, course materials, church sermons, and correspondence with professors. Subseries 5.2, Professional Papers, covers Laue's academic career as a researcher at the Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Community Psychiatry, as a professor of sociology and urban studies at Washington University-St. Louis and the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1970s and 80s, and as a professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason University in the late 80s and early 90s. The subseries contains journal articles and commencement speeches written by Laue, course materials, academic exercises used in workshops on conflict mediation, and biographical materials prepared for annual reviews and tenure application. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 6, Conferences and Workshops, contains programs, presentations, notes, and correspondence pertaining to various conferences and workshops Laue attended or administered. The folder dates in this series generally refer to the dates the conferences were held and may not encompass the date range of all materials in the folder. Ranging from small local workshops to large international meetings, the conferences cover a range of themes including desegregation, clinical sociology, community conflict intervention, international arbitration, and peace education. Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 8, Photographs, contains mostly black-and-white photographs of Laue from youth through adulthood. The series contains several portraits as well as pictures of Laue with fellow students, family members, and colleagues. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 9, Memorabilia, contains certificates, drawings, posters, and other memorabilia mostly from Laue's youth. Included are several items from Laue's participation in the Wisconsin American Legion Badger Boys civic activism program as a child. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 10, Audio Cassettes, contains audio tape recordings of presentations, sermons, and speeches by James Laue, Jimmy Carter, and Martin Luther King, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 11, Oversize, contains newspapers and large format magazines mostly dealing with racial issues, protest, and civil rights. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. The papers document Laue's development as a sociology student and Civil Rights activist in the early 1960s through his career as a mediator and professor of urban sociology and conflict resolution into the early 1990s. Materials in the collection include manuscripts, correspondence, workshop papers, notebooks, legal documents, photographs, audio cassettes, and memorabilia.","Series 1, Correspondence, contains correspondence between Laue and his colleagues, including Civil Rights advocates during the 1960s and Peace Academy Commission members during the late 1970s and early 80s. The series is divided into two subseries of correspondence, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 2, Conflict Resolution Papers, contains materials from various conflict resolution organizations, initiatives, and workshops in which Laue participated as a leader or active member. The series includes mediation workshop materials, manuscript drafts of books and essays on the practice of conflict resolution, and papers documenting Laue's role in mediating such conflicts as the farm debt crisis of the mid 1980s, the Fort Worth I-30 expansion dispute, and the public memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings. Figuring prominently in the series is Laue's work with the Community Crisis Intervention Center at Washington University-St. Louis in the 1970s and the Conflict Clinic, Inc. at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1980s (and later at George Mason University).","Series 3, Peace Academy Campaign Papers, documents Laue's leading role in the campaign to establish a U.S. Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The series includes public hearings conducted by the Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace, which Laue chaired in 1978-1980; Congressional records and hearings regarding the establishment of the U.S. Academy of Peace; newsletters, brochures, and meeting minutes of the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which Laue co-founded in 1976; and various administrative, financial, and promotional materials from the National Peace Academy Foundation / National Peace Institute Foundation (NPAF/NPIF), and the U.S. Academy of Peace / U.S. Institute of Peace (USAP/USIP).","Series 4, Civil Rights Papers, documents Laue's involvement in the Civil Rights movement during the 1960s. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 4.1, Direct Action and Desegregation, covers Laue's activism in the Civil Rights movement during the early 1960s and includes notes, interviews, and other materials used in his dissertation, Direct Action and Desegregation, 1960-1962 as well as later essays on Civil Rights by Laue and others. This subseries also contains memoranda, pamphlets, and newsletters from such prominent Sixties grass-roots organizations as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Southern Regional Council (SRC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Subseries 4.2, Community Relations Service (CRS), documents Laue's work for the CRS under the U.S. Department of Justice in the mid to late 1960s, where he became the head of Program Evaluation and Development. Materials include reports, meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel files, and speeches.","Series 5, Academic Papers, contains materials from Laue's work as a student, scholar, and teacher. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 5.1, Student Papers, covers Laue's academic career from childhood in River Falls, Wisconsin through college and graduate school at Harvard. The subseries contains sociology papers Laue wrote as a student, college notebooks, course materials, church sermons, and correspondence with professors. Subseries 5.2, Professional Papers, covers Laue's academic career as a researcher at the Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Community Psychiatry, as a professor of sociology and urban studies at Washington University-St. Louis and the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1970s and 80s, and as a professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason University in the late 80s and early 90s. The subseries contains journal articles and commencement speeches written by Laue, course materials, academic exercises used in workshops on conflict mediation, and biographical materials prepared for annual reviews and tenure application.","Series 6, Conferences and Workshops, contains programs, presentations, notes, and correspondence pertaining to various conferences and workshops Laue attended or administered. The folder dates in this series generally refer to the dates the conferences were held and may not encompass the date range of all materials in the folder. Ranging from small local workshops to large international meetings, the conferences cover a range of themes including desegregation, clinical sociology, community conflict intervention, international arbitration, and peace education. Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 8, Photographs, contains mostly black-and-white photographs of Laue from youth through adulthood. The series contains several portraits as well as pictures of Laue with fellow students, family members, and colleagues.","Series 9, Memorabilia, contains certificates, drawings, posters, and other memorabilia mostly from Laue's youth. Included are several items from Laue's participation in the Wisconsin American Legion Badger Boys civic activism program as a child.","Series 10, Audio Cassettes, contains audio tape recordings of presentations, sermons, and speeches by James Laue, Jimmy Carter, and Martin Luther King, Jr.","Series 11, Oversize, contains newspapers and large format magazines mostly dealing with racial issues, protest, and civil rights."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_485e141304a2c7f0d29515395f3eb3bd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"persname_ssim":["Laue, James H."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution","Laue, James H."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1380,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:24.402Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_18.xml","title_filing_ssi":"James H. Laue papers","title_ssm":["James H. Laue papers"],"title_tesim":["James H. Laue papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1999; 1960-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1999; 1960-1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James H. Laue papers"],"text":["James H. Laue papers","C0055","/repositories/2/resources/18","Southern States -- Race relations","Conflict management","Civil rights demonstrations","African Americans -- Civil rights -- History -- 20th century","Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into eleven series by subject.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1960-1993 (Box 1-3)\n      Series 2: Conflict Resolution Papers, 1967-1993 (Box 3-31)\n      Series 3: Peace Academy Campaign Papers, 1947-1990, bulk 1976-1990 (Box 31-50)\n      Series 4: Civil Rights Papers, 1956-1988, bulk 1960-1970 (Box 50-68)\n      Series 5: Academic Papers, 1947-1999 (Box 69-87)\n      Series 6: Conferences and Workshops, 1962-1992 (Box 87-93)\n      Series 7: News Clippings and Articles, 1936-1992 (Box 93-97)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1942-1992 (Box 97-98)\n      Series 9: Memorabilia, 1949-1993 (Box 98)\n      Series 10: Audio Cassettes, 1968-1991 (Box 99)\n      Series 11: Oversize, 1960-1980 (Box 100)","James H. Laue was born in River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1937. Laue graduated high school in 1955 and went to college in his home town at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls, where he took a major in sociology. After earning his Bachelor's degree in 1959, Laue was admitted to the Harvard graduate program in sociology with a Danforth Fellowship, where he studied race relations and the sociology of religion under such distinguished sociologists as Talcott Parsons, Gordon Allport, and David Riesman.","During his graduate studies, Laue became involved in the Civil Rights movement, attending lunch counter sit-ins, church \"kneel-ins,\" and protests organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Laue's 1966 doctoral dissertation, \"Direct Action and Desegregation: Toward a Theory of the Rationalization of Protest,\" grew out of a combination of diligent sociological analysis and first-hand experience in the Civil Rights movement. These experiences, along with a pious adherence to the core tenets of Christianity, influenced Laue's approach to conflict analysis, which he described in his 1976 University of Missouri tenure application as \"a conscious and explicit linking of scholarship and action.\"","Combining social theory and practical problem-solving into a new practice of clinical sociology, Laue helped to establish the field of conflict resolution as a distinct academic discipline, and his career reflects both the academic and the activist sides of the field. From 1965-1969, Laue served on the US Department of Justice's Community Relations Service (CRS), an agency established under the 1964 Civil Rights Act to help resolve racial conflicts. After leaving the CRS, Laue held academic positions at the Laboratory of Community Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School (1969-1971), Washington University-St. Louis (1971-1974), the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1975-1986), and finally, George Mason University (1986-1993) where he became the first Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution. Laue also served as President and Executive Director of the Conflict Clinic, Inc., a non-profit dispute-resolution organization, from 1984 - ca. 1989.","In 1976 Laue co-founded and chaired the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which sought to establish a national institute for peace research and education. Three years later, President Jimmy Carter appointed Laue Chair of the congressional Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The evidence gathered by the Commission at public hearings across the US, along with Laue's testimony before Congress in the early 1980s, was instrumental in establishing the US Institute of Peace and its funding counterpart, the National Peace Institute Foundation, which Laue also chaired during the 1980s.","Throughout his long and prodigious career, Laue participated in dozens of academic conferences, taught numerous classes and workshops on dispute resolution, published scores of academic papers, collaborated with Civil Rights activists and arms-control advocacy groups, delivered sermons at churches and speeches at graduate commencements, and remained active in the field of peacemaking and conflict resolution until his death in 1993.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections on Peace and Conflict Studies.","This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. The papers document Laue's development as a sociology student and Civil Rights activist in the early 1960s through his career as a mediator and professor of urban sociology and conflict resolution into the early 1990s. Materials in the collection include manuscripts, correspondence, workshop papers, notebooks, legal documents, photographs, audio cassettes, and memorabilia.","Series 1, Correspondence, contains correspondence between Laue and his colleagues, including Civil Rights advocates during the 1960s and Peace Academy Commission members during the late 1970s and early 80s. The series is divided into two subseries of correspondence, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 2, Conflict Resolution Papers, contains materials from various conflict resolution organizations, initiatives, and workshops in which Laue participated as a leader or active member. The series includes mediation workshop materials, manuscript drafts of books and essays on the practice of conflict resolution, and papers documenting Laue's role in mediating such conflicts as the farm debt crisis of the mid 1980s, the Fort Worth I-30 expansion dispute, and the public memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings. Figuring prominently in the series is Laue's work with the Community Crisis Intervention Center at Washington University-St. Louis in the 1970s and the Conflict Clinic, Inc. at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1980s (and later at George Mason University).","Series 3, Peace Academy Campaign Papers, documents Laue's leading role in the campaign to establish a U.S. Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The series includes public hearings conducted by the Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace, which Laue chaired in 1978-1980; Congressional records and hearings regarding the establishment of the U.S. Academy of Peace; newsletters, brochures, and meeting minutes of the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which Laue co-founded in 1976; and various administrative, financial, and promotional materials from the National Peace Academy Foundation / National Peace Institute Foundation (NPAF/NPIF), and the U.S. Academy of Peace / U.S. Institute of Peace (USAP/USIP).","Series 4, Civil Rights Papers, documents Laue's involvement in the Civil Rights movement during the 1960s. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 4.1, Direct Action and Desegregation, covers Laue's activism in the Civil Rights movement during the early 1960s and includes notes, interviews, and other materials used in his dissertation, Direct Action and Desegregation, 1960-1962 as well as later essays on Civil Rights by Laue and others. This subseries also contains memoranda, pamphlets, and newsletters from such prominent Sixties grass-roots organizations as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Southern Regional Council (SRC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Subseries 4.2, Community Relations Service (CRS), documents Laue's work for the CRS under the U.S. Department of Justice in the mid to late 1960s, where he became the head of Program Evaluation and Development. Materials include reports, meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel files, and speeches.","Series 5, Academic Papers, contains materials from Laue's work as a student, scholar, and teacher. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 5.1, Student Papers, covers Laue's academic career from childhood in River Falls, Wisconsin through college and graduate school at Harvard. The subseries contains sociology papers Laue wrote as a student, college notebooks, course materials, church sermons, and correspondence with professors. Subseries 5.2, Professional Papers, covers Laue's academic career as a researcher at the Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Community Psychiatry, as a professor of sociology and urban studies at Washington University-St. Louis and the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1970s and 80s, and as a professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason University in the late 80s and early 90s. The subseries contains journal articles and commencement speeches written by Laue, course materials, academic exercises used in workshops on conflict mediation, and biographical materials prepared for annual reviews and tenure application.","Series 6, Conferences and Workshops, contains programs, presentations, notes, and correspondence pertaining to various conferences and workshops Laue attended or administered. The folder dates in this series generally refer to the dates the conferences were held and may not encompass the date range of all materials in the folder. Ranging from small local workshops to large international meetings, the conferences cover a range of themes including desegregation, clinical sociology, community conflict intervention, international arbitration, and peace education. Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 8, Photographs, contains mostly black-and-white photographs of Laue from youth through adulthood. The series contains several portraits as well as pictures of Laue with fellow students, family members, and colleagues.","Series 9, Memorabilia, contains certificates, drawings, posters, and other memorabilia mostly from Laue's youth. Included are several items from Laue's participation in the Wisconsin American Legion Badger Boys civic activism program as a child.","Series 10, Audio Cassettes, contains audio tape recordings of presentations, sermons, and speeches by James Laue, Jimmy Carter, and Martin Luther King, Jr.","Series 11, Oversize, contains newspapers and large format magazines mostly dealing with racial issues, protest, and civil rights.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution","Laue, James H.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James H. Laue papers"],"collection_ssim":["James H. Laue papers"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0055","/repositories/2/resources/18"],"unitid_tesim":["C0055","/repositories/2/resources/18"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Southern States -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Southern States -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Southern States -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Laue, James H."],"creator_ssim":["Laue, James H."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Laue, James H."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"creators_ssim":["Laue, James H.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Mariann Laue Baker in 1999."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Conflict management","Civil rights demonstrations","African Americans -- Civil rights -- History -- 20th century","Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Conflict management","Civil rights demonstrations","African Americans -- Civil rights -- History -- 20th century","Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["43 Linear Feet 101 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["43 Linear Feet 101 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Sound recordings","Correspondence","Newspapers","Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into eleven series by subject.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1960-1993 (Box 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Conflict Resolution Papers, 1967-1993 (Box 3-31)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Peace Academy Campaign Papers, 1947-1990, bulk 1976-1990 (Box 31-50)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Civil Rights Papers, 1956-1988, bulk 1960-1970 (Box 50-68)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Academic Papers, 1947-1999 (Box 69-87)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Conferences and Workshops, 1962-1992 (Box 87-93)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: News Clippings and Articles, 1936-1992 (Box 93-97)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1942-1992 (Box 97-98)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Memorabilia, 1949-1993 (Box 98)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Audio Cassettes, 1968-1991 (Box 99)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 11: Oversize, 1960-1980 (Box 100)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into eleven series by subject.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1960-1993 (Box 1-3)\n      Series 2: Conflict Resolution Papers, 1967-1993 (Box 3-31)\n      Series 3: Peace Academy Campaign Papers, 1947-1990, bulk 1976-1990 (Box 31-50)\n      Series 4: Civil Rights Papers, 1956-1988, bulk 1960-1970 (Box 50-68)\n      Series 5: Academic Papers, 1947-1999 (Box 69-87)\n      Series 6: Conferences and Workshops, 1962-1992 (Box 87-93)\n      Series 7: News Clippings and Articles, 1936-1992 (Box 93-97)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1942-1992 (Box 97-98)\n      Series 9: Memorabilia, 1949-1993 (Box 98)\n      Series 10: Audio Cassettes, 1968-1991 (Box 99)\n      Series 11: Oversize, 1960-1980 (Box 100)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Laue was born in River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1937. Laue graduated high school in 1955 and went to college in his home town at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls, where he took a major in sociology. After earning his Bachelor's degree in 1959, Laue was admitted to the Harvard graduate program in sociology with a Danforth Fellowship, where he studied race relations and the sociology of religion under such distinguished sociologists as Talcott Parsons, Gordon Allport, and David Riesman. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During his graduate studies, Laue became involved in the Civil Rights movement, attending lunch counter sit-ins, church \"kneel-ins,\" and protests organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Laue's 1966 doctoral dissertation, \"Direct Action and Desegregation: Toward a Theory of the Rationalization of Protest,\" grew out of a combination of diligent sociological analysis and first-hand experience in the Civil Rights movement. These experiences, along with a pious adherence to the core tenets of Christianity, influenced Laue's approach to conflict analysis, which he described in his 1976 University of Missouri tenure application as \"a conscious and explicit linking of scholarship and action.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Combining social theory and practical problem-solving into a new practice of clinical sociology, Laue helped to establish the field of conflict resolution as a distinct academic discipline, and his career reflects both the academic and the activist sides of the field. From 1965-1969, Laue served on the US Department of Justice's Community Relations Service (CRS), an agency established under the 1964 Civil Rights Act to help resolve racial conflicts. After leaving the CRS, Laue held academic positions at the Laboratory of Community Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School (1969-1971), Washington University-St. Louis (1971-1974), the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1975-1986), and finally, George Mason University (1986-1993) where he became the first Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution. Laue also served as President and Executive Director of the Conflict Clinic, Inc., a non-profit dispute-resolution organization, from 1984 - ca. 1989. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1976 Laue co-founded and chaired the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which sought to establish a national institute for peace research and education. Three years later, President Jimmy Carter appointed Laue Chair of the congressional Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The evidence gathered by the Commission at public hearings across the US, along with Laue's testimony before Congress in the early 1980s, was instrumental in establishing the US Institute of Peace and its funding counterpart, the National Peace Institute Foundation, which Laue also chaired during the 1980s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Throughout his long and prodigious career, Laue participated in dozens of academic conferences, taught numerous classes and workshops on dispute resolution, published scores of academic papers, collaborated with Civil Rights activists and arms-control advocacy groups, delivered sermons at churches and speeches at graduate commencements, and remained active in the field of peacemaking and conflict resolution until his death in 1993. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James H. Laue was born in River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1937. Laue graduated high school in 1955 and went to college in his home town at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls, where he took a major in sociology. After earning his Bachelor's degree in 1959, Laue was admitted to the Harvard graduate program in sociology with a Danforth Fellowship, where he studied race relations and the sociology of religion under such distinguished sociologists as Talcott Parsons, Gordon Allport, and David Riesman.","During his graduate studies, Laue became involved in the Civil Rights movement, attending lunch counter sit-ins, church \"kneel-ins,\" and protests organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Laue's 1966 doctoral dissertation, \"Direct Action and Desegregation: Toward a Theory of the Rationalization of Protest,\" grew out of a combination of diligent sociological analysis and first-hand experience in the Civil Rights movement. These experiences, along with a pious adherence to the core tenets of Christianity, influenced Laue's approach to conflict analysis, which he described in his 1976 University of Missouri tenure application as \"a conscious and explicit linking of scholarship and action.\"","Combining social theory and practical problem-solving into a new practice of clinical sociology, Laue helped to establish the field of conflict resolution as a distinct academic discipline, and his career reflects both the academic and the activist sides of the field. From 1965-1969, Laue served on the US Department of Justice's Community Relations Service (CRS), an agency established under the 1964 Civil Rights Act to help resolve racial conflicts. After leaving the CRS, Laue held academic positions at the Laboratory of Community Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School (1969-1971), Washington University-St. Louis (1971-1974), the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1975-1986), and finally, George Mason University (1986-1993) where he became the first Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution. Laue also served as President and Executive Director of the Conflict Clinic, Inc., a non-profit dispute-resolution organization, from 1984 - ca. 1989.","In 1976 Laue co-founded and chaired the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which sought to establish a national institute for peace research and education. Three years later, President Jimmy Carter appointed Laue Chair of the congressional Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The evidence gathered by the Commission at public hearings across the US, along with Laue's testimony before Congress in the early 1980s, was instrumental in establishing the US Institute of Peace and its funding counterpart, the National Peace Institute Foundation, which Laue also chaired during the 1980s.","Throughout his long and prodigious career, Laue participated in dozens of academic conferences, taught numerous classes and workshops on dispute resolution, published scores of academic papers, collaborated with Civil Rights activists and arms-control advocacy groups, delivered sermons at churches and speeches at graduate commencements, and remained active in the field of peacemaking and conflict resolution until his death in 1993."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Laue papers, C0055, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James H. Laue papers, C0055, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections on Peace and Conflict Studies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections on Peace and Conflict Studies."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. The papers document Laue's development as a sociology student and Civil Rights activist in the early 1960s through his career as a mediator and professor of urban sociology and conflict resolution into the early 1990s. Materials in the collection include manuscripts, correspondence, workshop papers, notebooks, legal documents, photographs, audio cassettes, and memorabilia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1, Correspondence, contains correspondence between Laue and his colleagues, including Civil Rights advocates during the 1960s and Peace Academy Commission members during the late 1970s and early 80s. The series is divided into two subseries of correspondence, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by surname. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2, Conflict Resolution Papers, contains materials from various conflict resolution organizations, initiatives, and workshops in which Laue participated as a leader or active member. The series includes mediation workshop materials, manuscript drafts of books and essays on the practice of conflict resolution, and papers documenting Laue's role in mediating such conflicts as the farm debt crisis of the mid 1980s, the Fort Worth I-30 expansion dispute, and the public memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings. Figuring prominently in the series is Laue's work with the Community Crisis Intervention Center at Washington University-St. Louis in the 1970s and the Conflict Clinic, Inc. at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1980s (and later at George Mason University). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3, Peace Academy Campaign Papers, documents Laue's leading role in the campaign to establish a U.S. Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The series includes public hearings conducted by the Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace, which Laue chaired in 1978-1980; Congressional records and hearings regarding the establishment of the U.S. Academy of Peace; newsletters, brochures, and meeting minutes of the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which Laue co-founded in 1976; and various administrative, financial, and promotional materials from the National Peace Academy Foundation / National Peace Institute Foundation (NPAF/NPIF), and the U.S. Academy of Peace / U.S. Institute of Peace (USAP/USIP). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4, Civil Rights Papers, documents Laue's involvement in the Civil Rights movement during the 1960s. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 4.1, Direct Action and Desegregation, covers Laue's activism in the Civil Rights movement during the early 1960s and includes notes, interviews, and other materials used in his dissertation, Direct Action and Desegregation, 1960-1962 as well as later essays on Civil Rights by Laue and others. This subseries also contains memoranda, pamphlets, and newsletters from such prominent Sixties grass-roots organizations as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Southern Regional Council (SRC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Subseries 4.2, Community Relations Service (CRS), documents Laue's work for the CRS under the U.S. Department of Justice in the mid to late 1960s, where he became the head of Program Evaluation and Development. Materials include reports, meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel files, and speeches. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5, Academic Papers, contains materials from Laue's work as a student, scholar, and teacher. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 5.1, Student Papers, covers Laue's academic career from childhood in River Falls, Wisconsin through college and graduate school at Harvard. The subseries contains sociology papers Laue wrote as a student, college notebooks, course materials, church sermons, and correspondence with professors. Subseries 5.2, Professional Papers, covers Laue's academic career as a researcher at the Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Community Psychiatry, as a professor of sociology and urban studies at Washington University-St. Louis and the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1970s and 80s, and as a professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason University in the late 80s and early 90s. The subseries contains journal articles and commencement speeches written by Laue, course materials, academic exercises used in workshops on conflict mediation, and biographical materials prepared for annual reviews and tenure application. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 6, Conferences and Workshops, contains programs, presentations, notes, and correspondence pertaining to various conferences and workshops Laue attended or administered. The folder dates in this series generally refer to the dates the conferences were held and may not encompass the date range of all materials in the folder. Ranging from small local workshops to large international meetings, the conferences cover a range of themes including desegregation, clinical sociology, community conflict intervention, international arbitration, and peace education. Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 8, Photographs, contains mostly black-and-white photographs of Laue from youth through adulthood. The series contains several portraits as well as pictures of Laue with fellow students, family members, and colleagues. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 9, Memorabilia, contains certificates, drawings, posters, and other memorabilia mostly from Laue's youth. Included are several items from Laue's participation in the Wisconsin American Legion Badger Boys civic activism program as a child. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 10, Audio Cassettes, contains audio tape recordings of presentations, sermons, and speeches by James Laue, Jimmy Carter, and Martin Luther King, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 11, Oversize, contains newspapers and large format magazines mostly dealing with racial issues, protest, and civil rights. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. The papers document Laue's development as a sociology student and Civil Rights activist in the early 1960s through his career as a mediator and professor of urban sociology and conflict resolution into the early 1990s. Materials in the collection include manuscripts, correspondence, workshop papers, notebooks, legal documents, photographs, audio cassettes, and memorabilia.","Series 1, Correspondence, contains correspondence between Laue and his colleagues, including Civil Rights advocates during the 1960s and Peace Academy Commission members during the late 1970s and early 80s. The series is divided into two subseries of correspondence, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series 2, Conflict Resolution Papers, contains materials from various conflict resolution organizations, initiatives, and workshops in which Laue participated as a leader or active member. The series includes mediation workshop materials, manuscript drafts of books and essays on the practice of conflict resolution, and papers documenting Laue's role in mediating such conflicts as the farm debt crisis of the mid 1980s, the Fort Worth I-30 expansion dispute, and the public memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings. Figuring prominently in the series is Laue's work with the Community Crisis Intervention Center at Washington University-St. Louis in the 1970s and the Conflict Clinic, Inc. at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1980s (and later at George Mason University).","Series 3, Peace Academy Campaign Papers, documents Laue's leading role in the campaign to establish a U.S. Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution. The series includes public hearings conducted by the Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace, which Laue chaired in 1978-1980; Congressional records and hearings regarding the establishment of the U.S. Academy of Peace; newsletters, brochures, and meeting minutes of the National Peace Academy Campaign (N-PAC), which Laue co-founded in 1976; and various administrative, financial, and promotional materials from the National Peace Academy Foundation / National Peace Institute Foundation (NPAF/NPIF), and the U.S. Academy of Peace / U.S. Institute of Peace (USAP/USIP).","Series 4, Civil Rights Papers, documents Laue's involvement in the Civil Rights movement during the 1960s. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 4.1, Direct Action and Desegregation, covers Laue's activism in the Civil Rights movement during the early 1960s and includes notes, interviews, and other materials used in his dissertation, Direct Action and Desegregation, 1960-1962 as well as later essays on Civil Rights by Laue and others. This subseries also contains memoranda, pamphlets, and newsletters from such prominent Sixties grass-roots organizations as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Southern Regional Council (SRC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Subseries 4.2, Community Relations Service (CRS), documents Laue's work for the CRS under the U.S. Department of Justice in the mid to late 1960s, where he became the head of Program Evaluation and Development. Materials include reports, meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel files, and speeches.","Series 5, Academic Papers, contains materials from Laue's work as a student, scholar, and teacher. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries 5.1, Student Papers, covers Laue's academic career from childhood in River Falls, Wisconsin through college and graduate school at Harvard. The subseries contains sociology papers Laue wrote as a student, college notebooks, course materials, church sermons, and correspondence with professors. Subseries 5.2, Professional Papers, covers Laue's academic career as a researcher at the Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Community Psychiatry, as a professor of sociology and urban studies at Washington University-St. Louis and the University of Missouri-St. Louis in the 1970s and 80s, and as a professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason University in the late 80s and early 90s. The subseries contains journal articles and commencement speeches written by Laue, course materials, academic exercises used in workshops on conflict mediation, and biographical materials prepared for annual reviews and tenure application.","Series 6, Conferences and Workshops, contains programs, presentations, notes, and correspondence pertaining to various conferences and workshops Laue attended or administered. The folder dates in this series generally refer to the dates the conferences were held and may not encompass the date range of all materials in the folder. Ranging from small local workshops to large international meetings, the conferences cover a range of themes including desegregation, clinical sociology, community conflict intervention, international arbitration, and peace education. Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 7, News Clippings and Articles, contains newspaper articles collected and assembled by Laue. Themes include desegregation and civil rights, international politics, biographical pieces and interviews with Laue, and the peace academy campaign. The series is divided into two subseries, the first arranged by date and the second arranged alphabetically by subject or newspaper title.","Series 8, Photographs, contains mostly black-and-white photographs of Laue from youth through adulthood. The series contains several portraits as well as pictures of Laue with fellow students, family members, and colleagues.","Series 9, Memorabilia, contains certificates, drawings, posters, and other memorabilia mostly from Laue's youth. Included are several items from Laue's participation in the Wisconsin American Legion Badger Boys civic activism program as a child.","Series 10, Audio Cassettes, contains audio tape recordings of presentations, sermons, and speeches by James Laue, Jimmy Carter, and Martin Luther King, Jr.","Series 11, Oversize, contains newspapers and large format magazines mostly dealing with racial issues, protest, and civil rights."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_485e141304a2c7f0d29515395f3eb3bd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the working papers of James H. Laue, former professor of conflict resolution at George Mason University. Materials include manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, legal documents, and memorabilia."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution"],"persname_ssim":["Laue, James H."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Conflict Clinic, Inc","George Mason University","George Mason University--Faculty","George Mason University. Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution","United States Institute of Peace","U.S. Commission on Proposals for the National Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolution","Laue, James H."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1380,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:24.402Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_18"}},{"id":"vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Farmer, James, 1920-1999","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers principally document Farmer's career at Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington), as well as his various additional political and social activities during that time. The papers were transferred from Farmer's home and office in Spotsylvania County. The papers include correspondence, printed materials, photographs, audiovisual materials, and other items reflective of his activities towards the end of his life, as well as memorials and reflections at the time of his death collected by others.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15","ead_ssi":"vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15","_root_":"vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15","_nest_parent_":"vifrem_repositories_2_resources_15","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MW/repositories_2_resources_15.xml","title_ssm":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-1999"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1965-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999"],"text":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999","MSS.0007","/repositories/2/resources/15","United States -- Race relations","Civil rights movements -- United States -- History -- 20th century","African Americans -- Civil rights.","Education, Higher -- Virginia","African Americans -- Housing","Presidential Medal of Freedom","Freedom Rides, 1961","Civil rights demonstrations","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into twelve series based on material type and subject. 1. Awards and honors; 2. Biographical information; 3. Correspondence; 4. Manuscripts and transcripts; 5. Photographs; 6. General files; 7. Materials from professional organizations; 8. Printed materials; 9. Research and lecture materials; 10. Audiovisual materials; 11. Oversize and ephemera; 12. Artifacts. Some series also contain component sub-series. The contents of each series are arranged alphabetically with items within the series being arranged chronologically.","James Leonard Farmer, Jr. was born January 12, 1920 in Marshall, Texas. He was an exceedingly intelligent student and began attending Wiley College at age fourteen, graduating with his B.S. degree in 1938. From there he went to Howard University School of Divinity before obtaining his B.D. degree in 1941. Eventually, Farmer would become widely recognized as one of the \"Big Four\" of the civil rights movement. He founded the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in 1942, and gained national recognition in the 1960s for his leadership of the \"Freedom Rides\" into the South. Farmer's non-violent acts played a significant role in the events leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 and the Civil Rights Voting Act of 1965.","James Farmer also forayed into politics, albeit briefly. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1968, and from 1969-1970, he served in the Nixon administration as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services). By 1971, Farmer returned his focus to activism and education.","In addition to his role as a renowned activist, Farmer was an author, a teacher, and a labor organizer. Beyond his leadership of CORE, he also held a position as honorary vice chairman of the Democratic Socialists of America, and was a co-founding member of the Fund for an Open Society, which promoted thriving racially and ethnically integrated communities. In 1985, he began teaching the history of Civil Rights as Commonwealth Professor of History and American Studies at Mary Washingon College. HE received the title of Distiguished Professor in 1987, which he held until his retirement in 1998. MWC awarded Farmer an honorary doctorate of humane letters in 1997. In 1998, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President Bill Clinton.","Ill health troubled James Farmer for many of his later years. He would eventually lose both of his legs and his eyesight to diabetes, and passsed away from complications of the disease on July 9, 1999.","Digitized access copies of AV materials can be made available for research use in the Special Collections reading room. Special Collections and University Archives is not equipped with the necessary playback devices to use original copies of the AV materials.","The James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers principally document Farmer's career at Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington), as well as his various additional political and social activities during that time. The papers were transferred from Farmer's home and office in Spotsylvania County. The papers include correspondence, printed materials, photographs, audiovisual materials, and other items reflective of his activities towards the end of his life, as well as memorials and reflections at the time of his death collected by others.","As the collection primarily documents the professional activities of James Farmer during his time at MWC, the bulk of the collection materials are from the 1990s. In earlier documentation, bulk dates for the collection appeared as 1980-1999. There are a few materials outside of this range, such as folders containing early CORE documents and others with photographs from the mid-1960s. Additionally, there are materials pertaining to events after Farmer's death, such as various items of tribute and information regarding the Farmer bust unveiling on campus.","Materials in the collection are for research and educational use only. Photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and other materials in the collection are protected by copyright. Permission to reproduce must be secured from the individual copyright holder. Users are responsible for determining if permission for re-use is necessary and for obtaining such permission.","University of Mary Washington Special Collections and University Archives","Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare","WCBS-TV (Television station : New York, N.Y.)","Columbia University","KQED-TV (Television station : San Francisco, Calif.)","National Education Association of the United States","National Public Radio (U.S.)","National Association of Community Action Agencies","Black Panther Party","Fellowship of Reconciliation (U.S.)","International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers","Lake Forest College","WHYY (Radio station : Philadelphia, Pa.)","Operation PUSH (U.S.)","Rainbow/PUSH Coalition","Syracuse University","NBC Television Network","Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission","University of Wisconsin--Whitewater","Joint Forces Staff College (U.S.)","Kent State University","Public Broadcasting Service (U.S.)","WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","CBS Television Network","Farmer, James, 1920-1999","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Evans, Rowland, 1921-2001","Novak, Robert D.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Bookbinder, Hyman Harry, 1916-2011","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","Houser, George M.","Winpisinger, William W.","Conyers,  John, Jr., 1929-","Gross, Terry","Perot, Ruth T.","McCormick, Robert K., 1911-1985","Jakoubek,  Robert E.","X, Malcolm, 1925-1965","Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915","Du Bois, W.E.B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963","Heffner, Richard D.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999"],"collection_ssim":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.0007","/repositories/2/resources/15"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.0007","/repositories/2/resources/15"],"repository_ssm":["University of Mary Washington"],"repository_ssim":["University of Mary Washington"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Farmer, James, 1920-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Farmer, James, 1920-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Farmer, James, 1920-1999","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Evans, Rowland, 1921-2001","Novak, Robert D.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Bookbinder, Hyman Harry, 1916-2011","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","Houser, George M.","Winpisinger, William W.","Conyers,  John, Jr., 1929-","Gross, Terry","Perot, Ruth T.","McCormick, Robert K., 1911-1985","Jakoubek,  Robert E.","X, Malcolm, 1925-1965","Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915","Du Bois, W.E.B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963","Heffner, Richard D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Mary Washington Special Collections and University Archives","Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare","WCBS-TV (Television station : New York, N.Y.)","Columbia University","KQED-TV (Television station : San Francisco, Calif.)","National Education Association of the United States","National Public Radio (U.S.)","National Association of Community Action Agencies","Black Panther Party","Fellowship of Reconciliation (U.S.)","International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers","Lake Forest College","WHYY (Radio station : Philadelphia, Pa.)","Operation PUSH (U.S.)","Rainbow/PUSH Coalition","Syracuse University","NBC Television Network","Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission","University of Wisconsin--Whitewater","Joint Forces Staff College (U.S.)","Kent State University","Public Broadcasting Service (U.S.)","WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","CBS Television Network"],"creators_ssim":["Farmer, James, 1920-1999","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Evans, Rowland, 1921-2001","Novak, Robert D.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Bookbinder, Hyman Harry, 1916-2011","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","Houser, George M.","Winpisinger, William W.","Conyers,  John, Jr., 1929-","Gross, Terry","Perot, Ruth T.","McCormick, Robert K., 1911-1985","Jakoubek,  Robert E.","X, Malcolm, 1925-1965","Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915","Du Bois, W.E.B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963","Heffner, Richard D.","University of Mary Washington Special Collections and University Archives","Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare","WCBS-TV (Television station : New York, N.Y.)","Columbia University","KQED-TV (Television station : San Francisco, Calif.)","National Education Association of the United States","National Public Radio (U.S.)","National Association of Community Action Agencies","Black Panther Party","Fellowship of Reconciliation (U.S.)","International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers","Lake Forest College","WHYY (Radio station : Philadelphia, Pa.)","Operation PUSH (U.S.)","Rainbow/PUSH Coalition","Syracuse University","NBC Television Network","Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission","University of Wisconsin--Whitewater","Joint Forces Staff College (U.S.)","Kent State University","Public Broadcasting Service (U.S.)","WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","CBS Television Network"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection are for research and educational use only. Photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and other materials in the collection are protected by copyright. Permission to reproduce must be secured from the individual copyright holder. 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Awards and honors; 2. Biographical information; 3. Correspondence; 4. Manuscripts and transcripts; 5. Photographs; 6. General files; 7. Materials from professional organizations; 8. Printed materials; 9. Research and lecture materials; 10. Audiovisual materials; 11. Oversize and ephemera; 12. Artifacts. Some series also contain component sub-series. The contents of each series are arranged alphabetically with items within the series being arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into twelve series based on material type and subject. 1. Awards and honors; 2. Biographical information; 3. Correspondence; 4. Manuscripts and transcripts; 5. Photographs; 6. General files; 7. Materials from professional organizations; 8. Printed materials; 9. Research and lecture materials; 10. Audiovisual materials; 11. Oversize and ephemera; 12. Artifacts. Some series also contain component sub-series. The contents of each series are arranged alphabetically with items within the series being arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Leonard Farmer, Jr. was born January 12, 1920 in Marshall, Texas. He was an exceedingly intelligent student and began attending Wiley College at age fourteen, graduating with his B.S. degree in 1938. From there he went to Howard University School of Divinity before obtaining his B.D. degree in 1941. Eventually, Farmer would become widely recognized as one of the \"Big Four\" of the civil rights movement. He founded the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in 1942, and gained national recognition in the 1960s for his leadership of the \"Freedom Rides\" into the South. Farmer's non-violent acts played a significant role in the events leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 and the Civil Rights Voting Act of 1965. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Farmer also forayed into politics, albeit briefly. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1968, and from 1969-1970, he served in the Nixon administration as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services). By 1971, Farmer returned his focus to activism and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his role as a renowned activist, Farmer was an author, a teacher, and a labor organizer. Beyond his leadership of CORE, he also held a position as honorary vice chairman of the Democratic Socialists of America, and was a co-founding member of the Fund for an Open Society, which promoted thriving racially and ethnically integrated communities. In 1985, he began teaching the history of Civil Rights as Commonwealth Professor of History and American Studies at Mary Washingon College. HE received the title of Distiguished Professor in 1987, which he held until his retirement in 1998. MWC awarded Farmer an honorary doctorate of humane letters in 1997. In 1998, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President Bill Clinton. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIll health troubled James Farmer for many of his later years. He would eventually lose both of his legs and his eyesight to diabetes, and passsed away from complications of the disease on July 9, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Leonard Farmer, Jr. was born January 12, 1920 in Marshall, Texas. He was an exceedingly intelligent student and began attending Wiley College at age fourteen, graduating with his B.S. degree in 1938. From there he went to Howard University School of Divinity before obtaining his B.D. degree in 1941. Eventually, Farmer would become widely recognized as one of the \"Big Four\" of the civil rights movement. He founded the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in 1942, and gained national recognition in the 1960s for his leadership of the \"Freedom Rides\" into the South. Farmer's non-violent acts played a significant role in the events leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 and the Civil Rights Voting Act of 1965.","James Farmer also forayed into politics, albeit briefly. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1968, and from 1969-1970, he served in the Nixon administration as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services). By 1971, Farmer returned his focus to activism and education.","In addition to his role as a renowned activist, Farmer was an author, a teacher, and a labor organizer. Beyond his leadership of CORE, he also held a position as honorary vice chairman of the Democratic Socialists of America, and was a co-founding member of the Fund for an Open Society, which promoted thriving racially and ethnically integrated communities. In 1985, he began teaching the history of Civil Rights as Commonwealth Professor of History and American Studies at Mary Washingon College. HE received the title of Distiguished Professor in 1987, which he held until his retirement in 1998. MWC awarded Farmer an honorary doctorate of humane letters in 1997. In 1998, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President Bill Clinton.","Ill health troubled James Farmer for many of his later years. He would eventually lose both of his legs and his eyesight to diabetes, and passsed away from complications of the disease on July 9, 1999."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Guide to the James Leonard, Jr., and Lula Peterson Farmer Papers can be found at the Briscoe Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin: https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00004/cah-00004.html.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aids"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A Guide to the James Leonard, Jr., and Lula Peterson Farmer Papers can be found at the Briscoe Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin: https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00004/cah-00004.html."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized access copies of AV materials can be made available for research use in the Special Collections reading room. 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Farmer, Jr. Papers principally document Farmer's career at Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington), as well as his various additional political and social activities during that time. The papers were transferred from Farmer's home and office in Spotsylvania County. The papers include correspondence, printed materials, photographs, audiovisual materials, and other items reflective of his activities towards the end of his life, as well as memorials and reflections at the time of his death collected by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs the collection primarily documents the professional activities of James Farmer during his time at MWC, the bulk of the collection materials are from the 1990s. In earlier documentation, bulk dates for the collection appeared as 1980-1999. There are a few materials outside of this range, such as folders containing early CORE documents and others with photographs from the mid-1960s. Additionally, there are materials pertaining to events after Farmer's death, such as various items of tribute and information regarding the Farmer bust unveiling on campus.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers principally document Farmer's career at Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington), as well as his various additional political and social activities during that time. The papers were transferred from Farmer's home and office in Spotsylvania County. The papers include correspondence, printed materials, photographs, audiovisual materials, and other items reflective of his activities towards the end of his life, as well as memorials and reflections at the time of his death collected by others.","As the collection primarily documents the professional activities of James Farmer during his time at MWC, the bulk of the collection materials are from the 1990s. In earlier documentation, bulk dates for the collection appeared as 1980-1999. There are a few materials outside of this range, such as folders containing early CORE documents and others with photographs from the mid-1960s. Additionally, there are materials pertaining to events after Farmer's death, such as various items of tribute and information regarding the Farmer bust unveiling on campus."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection are for research and educational use only. Photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and other materials in the collection are protected by copyright. Permission to reproduce must be secured from the individual copyright holder. Users are responsible for determining if permission for re-use is necessary and for obtaining such permission.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection are for research and educational use only. Photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and other materials in the collection are protected by copyright. Permission to reproduce must be secured from the individual copyright holder. Users are responsible for determining if permission for re-use is necessary and for obtaining such permission."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Mary Washington Special Collections and University Archives","Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare","WCBS-TV (Television station : New York, N.Y.)","Columbia University","KQED-TV (Television station : San Francisco, Calif.)","National Education Association of the United States","National Public Radio (U.S.)","National Association of Community Action Agencies","Black Panther Party","Fellowship of Reconciliation (U.S.)","International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers","Lake Forest College","WHYY (Radio station : Philadelphia, Pa.)","Operation PUSH (U.S.)","Rainbow/PUSH Coalition","Syracuse University","NBC Television Network","Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission","University of Wisconsin--Whitewater","Joint Forces Staff College (U.S.)","Kent State University","Public Broadcasting Service (U.S.)","WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","CBS Television Network"],"names_coll_ssim":["Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"persname_ssim":["Farmer, James, 1920-1999","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Evans, Rowland, 1921-2001","Novak, Robert D.","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Bookbinder, Hyman Harry, 1916-2011","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","Houser, George M.","Winpisinger, William W.","Conyers,  John, Jr., 1929-","Gross, Terry","Perot, Ruth T.","McCormick, Robert K., 1911-1985","Jakoubek,  Robert E.","X, Malcolm, 1925-1965","Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915","Du Bois, W.E.B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963","Heffner, Richard D."],"names_ssim":["University of Mary Washington Special Collections and University Archives","Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. 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Farmer, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-1999"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1965-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999"],"text":["James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers, 1965/1999","MSS.0007","/repositories/2/resources/15","United States -- Race relations","Civil rights movements -- United States -- History -- 20th century","African Americans -- Civil rights.","Education, Higher -- Virginia","African Americans -- Housing","Presidential Medal of Freedom","Freedom Rides, 1961","Civil rights demonstrations","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into twelve series based on material type and subject. 1. Awards and honors; 2. Biographical information; 3. Correspondence; 4. Manuscripts and transcripts; 5. Photographs; 6. General files; 7. Materials from professional organizations; 8. Printed materials; 9. Research and lecture materials; 10. 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Farmer's non-violent acts played a significant role in the events leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 and the Civil Rights Voting Act of 1965.","James Farmer also forayed into politics, albeit briefly. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1968, and from 1969-1970, he served in the Nixon administration as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services). By 1971, Farmer returned his focus to activism and education.","In addition to his role as a renowned activist, Farmer was an author, a teacher, and a labor organizer. Beyond his leadership of CORE, he also held a position as honorary vice chairman of the Democratic Socialists of America, and was a co-founding member of the Fund for an Open Society, which promoted thriving racially and ethnically integrated communities. In 1985, he began teaching the history of Civil Rights as Commonwealth Professor of History and American Studies at Mary Washingon College. HE received the title of Distiguished Professor in 1987, which he held until his retirement in 1998. MWC awarded Farmer an honorary doctorate of humane letters in 1997. In 1998, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President Bill Clinton.","Ill health troubled James Farmer for many of his later years. He would eventually lose both of his legs and his eyesight to diabetes, and passsed away from complications of the disease on July 9, 1999.","Digitized access copies of AV materials can be made available for research use in the Special Collections reading room. Special Collections and University Archives is not equipped with the necessary playback devices to use original copies of the AV materials.","The James L. 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Additionally, there are materials pertaining to events after Farmer's death, such as various items of tribute and information regarding the Farmer bust unveiling on campus.","Materials in the collection are for research and educational use only. Photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and other materials in the collection are protected by copyright. Permission to reproduce must be secured from the individual copyright holder. Users are responsible for determining if permission for re-use is necessary and for obtaining such permission.","University of Mary Washington Special Collections and University Archives","Congress of Racial Equality","Democratic Socialists of America","Fund for an Open Society (Philadelphia, Pa.)","United States. 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The contents of each series are arranged alphabetically with items within the series being arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Leonard Farmer, Jr. was born January 12, 1920 in Marshall, Texas. He was an exceedingly intelligent student and began attending Wiley College at age fourteen, graduating with his B.S. degree in 1938. From there he went to Howard University School of Divinity before obtaining his B.D. degree in 1941. Eventually, Farmer would become widely recognized as one of the \"Big Four\" of the civil rights movement. He founded the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in 1942, and gained national recognition in the 1960s for his leadership of the \"Freedom Rides\" into the South. Farmer's non-violent acts played a significant role in the events leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 and the Civil Rights Voting Act of 1965. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Farmer also forayed into politics, albeit briefly. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1968, and from 1969-1970, he served in the Nixon administration as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services). By 1971, Farmer returned his focus to activism and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his role as a renowned activist, Farmer was an author, a teacher, and a labor organizer. Beyond his leadership of CORE, he also held a position as honorary vice chairman of the Democratic Socialists of America, and was a co-founding member of the Fund for an Open Society, which promoted thriving racially and ethnically integrated communities. In 1985, he began teaching the history of Civil Rights as Commonwealth Professor of History and American Studies at Mary Washingon College. HE received the title of Distiguished Professor in 1987, which he held until his retirement in 1998. MWC awarded Farmer an honorary doctorate of humane letters in 1997. In 1998, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President Bill Clinton. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIll health troubled James Farmer for many of his later years. He would eventually lose both of his legs and his eyesight to diabetes, and passsed away from complications of the disease on July 9, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Leonard Farmer, Jr. was born January 12, 1920 in Marshall, Texas. He was an exceedingly intelligent student and began attending Wiley College at age fourteen, graduating with his B.S. degree in 1938. From there he went to Howard University School of Divinity before obtaining his B.D. degree in 1941. Eventually, Farmer would become widely recognized as one of the \"Big Four\" of the civil rights movement. He founded the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in 1942, and gained national recognition in the 1960s for his leadership of the \"Freedom Rides\" into the South. Farmer's non-violent acts played a significant role in the events leading to the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 and the Civil Rights Voting Act of 1965.","James Farmer also forayed into politics, albeit briefly. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1968, and from 1969-1970, he served in the Nixon administration as the Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services). By 1971, Farmer returned his focus to activism and education.","In addition to his role as a renowned activist, Farmer was an author, a teacher, and a labor organizer. Beyond his leadership of CORE, he also held a position as honorary vice chairman of the Democratic Socialists of America, and was a co-founding member of the Fund for an Open Society, which promoted thriving racially and ethnically integrated communities. In 1985, he began teaching the history of Civil Rights as Commonwealth Professor of History and American Studies at Mary Washingon College. HE received the title of Distiguished Professor in 1987, which he held until his retirement in 1998. MWC awarded Farmer an honorary doctorate of humane letters in 1997. In 1998, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President Bill Clinton.","Ill health troubled James Farmer for many of his later years. He would eventually lose both of his legs and his eyesight to diabetes, and passsed away from complications of the disease on July 9, 1999."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Guide to the James Leonard, Jr., and Lula Peterson Farmer Papers can be found at the Briscoe Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin: https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00004/cah-00004.html.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aids"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A Guide to the James Leonard, Jr., and Lula Peterson Farmer Papers can be found at the Briscoe Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin: https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00004/cah-00004.html."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized access copies of AV materials can be made available for research use in the Special Collections reading room. Special Collections and University Archives is not equipped with the necessary playback devices to use original copies of the AV materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Digitized access copies of AV materials can be made available for research use in the Special Collections reading room. Special Collections and University Archives is not equipped with the necessary playback devices to use original copies of the AV materials."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eName of item or collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Name of item or collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers principally document Farmer's career at Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington), as well as his various additional political and social activities during that time. The papers were transferred from Farmer's home and office in Spotsylvania County. The papers include correspondence, printed materials, photographs, audiovisual materials, and other items reflective of his activities towards the end of his life, as well as memorials and reflections at the time of his death collected by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs the collection primarily documents the professional activities of James Farmer during his time at MWC, the bulk of the collection materials are from the 1990s. In earlier documentation, bulk dates for the collection appeared as 1980-1999. There are a few materials outside of this range, such as folders containing early CORE documents and others with photographs from the mid-1960s. Additionally, there are materials pertaining to events after Farmer's death, such as various items of tribute and information regarding the Farmer bust unveiling on campus.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James L. Farmer, Jr. Papers principally document Farmer's career at Mary Washington College (now University of Mary Washington), as well as his various additional political and social activities during that time. The papers were transferred from Farmer's home and office in Spotsylvania County. The papers include correspondence, printed materials, photographs, audiovisual materials, and other items reflective of his activities towards the end of his life, as well as memorials and reflections at the time of his death collected by others.","As the collection primarily documents the professional activities of James Farmer during his time at MWC, the bulk of the collection materials are from the 1990s. In earlier documentation, bulk dates for the collection appeared as 1980-1999. There are a few materials outside of this range, such as folders containing early CORE documents and others with photographs from the mid-1960s. Additionally, there are materials pertaining to events after Farmer's death, such as various items of tribute and information regarding the Farmer bust unveiling on campus."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection are for research and educational use only. Photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and other materials in the collection are protected by copyright. Permission to reproduce must be secured from the individual copyright holder. Users are responsible for determining if permission for re-use is necessary and for obtaining such permission.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection are for research and educational use only. 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