{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Brochures\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Brochures\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Brochures\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":12,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes scrapbooks and papers of the society containing various materials such as programs from the recitals, promotional materials for the musicians, newspaper articles, photographs, letters, administrative records, and grant applications.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_125.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/125","title_ssm":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1980-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS312"],"text":["MS312","Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)","Music.","Scrapbooks.","Brochures","The Alexandria Recital Series was founded by Willis Bennett in 1980 and operated until 2002. The organization hosted classical music recitals once a month from September through May at the Lyceum. These recitals were free to the public and featured developing as well as established musicians who performed for a small fee.\nThe organization operated on donations, grants from the Alexandria Commission for the Arts, and money collected from benefit performances that were held once per year.","The collection includes scrapbooks and papers of the society containing various materials such as programs from the recitals, promotional materials for the musicians, newspaper articles, photographs, letters, administrative records, and grant applications.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS312"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Willis W. Bennett, Artistic Director, ARS, Judith Viggers Nordin, President, ARS, and T. Michael Miller, Office of Historic Alexandria, July 8, 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Music.","Scrapbooks.","Brochures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Music.","Scrapbooks.","Brochures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Brochures"],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Recital Series was founded by Willis Bennett in 1980 and operated until 2002. The organization hosted classical music recitals once a month from September through May at the Lyceum. 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(Willis Wirt), 1937-2010"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010"],"persname_ssim":["Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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The organization hosted classical music recitals once a month from September through May at the Lyceum. These recitals were free to the public and featured developing as well as established musicians who performed for a small fee.\nThe organization operated on donations, grants from the Alexandria Commission for the Arts, and money collected from benefit performances that were held once per year.","The collection includes scrapbooks and papers of the society containing various materials such as programs from the recitals, promotional materials for the musicians, newspaper articles, photographs, letters, administrative records, and grant applications.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS312"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Recital Series Papers (MS312)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Willis W. Bennett, Artistic Director, ARS, Judith Viggers Nordin, President, ARS, and T. Michael Miller, Office of Historic Alexandria, July 8, 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Music.","Scrapbooks.","Brochures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Music.","Scrapbooks.","Brochures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Brochures"],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Recital Series was founded by Willis Bennett in 1980 and operated until 2002. The organization hosted classical music recitals once a month from September through May at the Lyceum. These recitals were free to the public and featured developing as well as established musicians who performed for a small fee.\nThe organization operated on donations, grants from the Alexandria Commission for the Arts, and money collected from benefit performances that were held once per year.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Alexandria Recital Series was founded by Willis Bennett in 1980 and operated until 2002. The organization hosted classical music recitals once a month from September through May at the Lyceum. These recitals were free to the public and featured developing as well as established musicians who performed for a small fee.\nThe organization operated on donations, grants from the Alexandria Commission for the Arts, and money collected from benefit performances that were held once per year."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Alexandria Recital Papers, MS312, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Alexandria Recital Papers, MS312, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes scrapbooks and papers of the society containing various materials such as programs from the recitals, promotional materials for the musicians, newspaper articles, photographs, letters, administrative records, and grant applications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes scrapbooks and papers of the society containing various materials such as programs from the recitals, promotional materials for the musicians, newspaper articles, photographs, letters, administrative records, and grant applications."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010"],"persname_ssim":["Bennett, Willis W. (Willis Wirt), 1937-2010"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:38.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_125"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Blackley Family papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_407#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Blackley family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_407#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_407#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_407.xml","title_ssm":["Blackley Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blackley Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1830-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1830-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407"],"text":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407","Blackley Family papers","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","Digital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request.","The collection is arranged in seven series:","Correspondence, 1830-2011 Personal Papers, 1857-2016 Ephemera, 1856-2004 Photographs, circa 1861-1989 Scrapbooks, 1862-1931 2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019 2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","The Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.","Lizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).","In 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.","R.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.","Garrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.","R.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","The bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).","Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.","While traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.","Chas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.","Catherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.","Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.","Patricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars.","The collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.","Charles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","Lizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.","Yourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival . n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017).","The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","All published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's  Schooma'am  yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)","Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blackley Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blackley Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blackley Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"geogname_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"creator_ssm":["Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Blackley family"],"creators_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley family"],"places_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Charles P. Blackley Jr. of Staunton, Virginia donated this material in various accretions between 2015-2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.37 cubic feet 30 boxes, 2 flat folders"],"extent_tesim":["14.37 cubic feet 30 boxes, 2 flat folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","",""],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1830-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1857-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1856-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, circa 1861-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eScrapbooks, 1862-1931\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in seven series:","Correspondence, 1830-2011 Personal Papers, 1857-2016 Ephemera, 1856-2004 Photographs, circa 1861-1989 Scrapbooks, 1862-1931 2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019 2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMurr, Erika, L., ed., \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864\u003c/emph\u003e. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eR.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGarrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eR.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCatherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.","Lizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).","In 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.","R.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.","Garrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.","R.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","The bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).","Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.","While traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.","Chas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.","Catherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.","Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.","Patricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, SC 0232, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, SC 0232, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/resources/780\"\u003eCharles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.\u003c/extref\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMurr, Erika, L., ed., \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864\u003c/emph\u003e. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00426/cah-00426.html\"\u003eLizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.\u003c/extref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eYourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival\u003c/emph\u003e. n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Charles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","Lizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.","Yourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival . n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSchooma'am\u003c/emph\u003e yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["All published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's  Schooma'am  yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e73d9f92cf4c9d321a4666b26feddd80\"\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Pat","Blackley, Chuck"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)","Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Blackley family"],"persname_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":579,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:06.645Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_407.xml","title_ssm":["Blackley Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blackley Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1830-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1830-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407"],"text":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407","Blackley Family papers","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","Digital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request.","The collection is arranged in seven series:","Correspondence, 1830-2011 Personal Papers, 1857-2016 Ephemera, 1856-2004 Photographs, circa 1861-1989 Scrapbooks, 1862-1931 2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019 2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","The Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.","Lizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).","In 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.","R.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.","Garrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.","R.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","The bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).","Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.","While traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.","Chas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.","Catherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.","Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.","Patricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars.","The collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.","Charles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","Lizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.","Yourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival . n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017).","The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","All published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's  Schooma'am  yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)","Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blackley Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blackley Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blackley Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"geogname_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"creator_ssm":["Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Blackley family"],"creators_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley family"],"places_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Charles P. Blackley Jr. of Staunton, Virginia donated this material in various accretions between 2015-2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.37 cubic feet 30 boxes, 2 flat folders"],"extent_tesim":["14.37 cubic feet 30 boxes, 2 flat folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","",""],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1830-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1857-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1856-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, circa 1861-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eScrapbooks, 1862-1931\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in seven series:","Correspondence, 1830-2011 Personal Papers, 1857-2016 Ephemera, 1856-2004 Photographs, circa 1861-1989 Scrapbooks, 1862-1931 2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019 2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMurr, Erika, L., ed., \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864\u003c/emph\u003e. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eR.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGarrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eR.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCatherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.","Lizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).","In 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.","R.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.","Garrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.","R.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","The bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).","Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.","While traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.","Chas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.","Catherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.","Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.","Patricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, SC 0232, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, SC 0232, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/resources/780\"\u003eCharles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.\u003c/extref\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMurr, Erika, L., ed., \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864\u003c/emph\u003e. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00426/cah-00426.html\"\u003eLizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.\u003c/extref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eYourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival\u003c/emph\u003e. n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Charles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","Lizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.","Yourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival . n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSchooma'am\u003c/emph\u003e yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["All published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's  Schooma'am  yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e73d9f92cf4c9d321a4666b26feddd80\"\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Pat","Blackley, Chuck"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)","Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Blackley family"],"persname_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":579,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:06.645Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_407"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Common Ground Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_273#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bersson, Robert","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_273#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_273#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_273.xml","title_ssm":["Common Ground Records"],"title_tesim":["Common Ground Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1983-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1983-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0126"],"text":["SC 0126","Common Ground Records","Peace movements -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Human rights -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Social justice -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Church and social problems -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Environmentalism -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in four series:","Newsletters, 1983-2003 Administrative Files, 1986-1997 Ephemera, 1990-1998 Images, 1990","Gingerich, R.C. and B.C. Busching. \"New Approaches to Power in Grassroots Coalition Building: A Case Study of Common Ground\"  Conscious Acts and the Politics of Social Change . Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.","Merkel, Julia. \"Interview notes from Common Ground Reunion Gathering, Harrisonburg's Hillandale Park, September 2010.\"","With a modest beginning in the early 1980s of approximately twelve members whose interest ranged from nonviolence and social justice to ecological awareness, Common Ground stemmed from Harrisonburg's Choose Life Peace Center which was an ecumenical group concerned with nuclear proliferation and the U.S. intervention in Central America. Common Ground: Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment was officially founded in June 1987 by a group of representatives from local peace, justice, and environmental organizations. As a not-for-profit networking organization to channel the efforts of local groups, associations, and churches through education, research and civic action, Common Ground's primary goals were education, study and research on peace, justice and environmental quality; networking; building strong personal bonds of mutual support; active participation for change; and celebrating spiritual and ethical commitments. By 1996, the network had grown to fifty-three affiliate organizations. Xaverian Brother, Pete Mahoney was the network's long term director serving from 1987-1997. Brother Pete was followed by Ms. Dale Diaz in 1997 and Greg Czyszczon in 2003.","Common Ground's newsletter was known by three different names while in publication - Network for Peace and Justice (December 1983 - May 1987), Common Weal (August 1987, November 1987), and Common Ground (March 1988 - December 1996). All three titles are present within this collection. Early newsletters were mimeographed or photocopied. By 1992 the newsletters were published on newsprint. In its heyday in the late 1990s, circulation reached 2,000 copies. A quarter of the subscriptions were paid and the rest of the newsletters were freely distributed at local restaurants,campuses, and churches.","The Harrisonburg area Network for Peace and Justice is the predecessor of the Common Ground. Originally conceived of as a vehicle for \"communication, cooperation and consciousness-raising\" among twelve socially progressive local groups or chapters of national groups, the participating organizations listed in the inaugural October 1983 newsletter are: Choose Life; Christians for Peace; Church Women United, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Citizens Party, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Community Mediation Center; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Organization of Women, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County and James Madison University chapters; Peacemakers, Trinity Presbyterian Church; Peace Ministry Committee, Church of the Brethren; and Women's Caucus, Church of the Brethren. Robert Bersson, JMU professor emeritus of art, was the newsletter's first editor. Contributions of articles came from representatives of member organizations.","For a short time, as the newsletter began to gain popularity and local support, the newsletter changed its title to Common Weal from August 1987 to November 1987. After this change, the title was again altered to become its final iteration as Common Ground: The Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment in March 1988, retaining the original newsletter's title as its subtitle.","Common Ground promoted its core values by recognizing community members and projects at an annual awards banquet. Recipients over the years have been: Blacks Run Restoration; Allies (an organization for advocacy on behalf of the local gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual community); Ron Copeland for organizing the Little Grill Soup Kitchen; Joe Giarriatano, an inmate who formed the Peace Center at Augusta Correctional Center in Craigsville; the Community Mediation Center; and John Eckman for the Valley Conservation Center among many others.","The spirit of Common Ground embodied both \"nonpartisan radicalism\" and liberation theology with its preferential option for the poor and the marginalized members of society. Common Ground's activities and publications celebrated and gave voice to affiliate members and interests outside Harrisonburg's mainstream media outlets. The result of its alternative voice was political in nature: early Common Ground members credit their activism to General Dynamics' withdrawal of a proposal to build a munitions plant in the Shenandoah Valley; Common Ground worked with the Piedmont Environmental Council to successfully oppose Walt Disney Inc.'s proposed \"Historic America Theme Park\" in Haymarket, Virginia; and former Harrisonburg Mayor Carolyn Frank credits Common Ground members with changing \"politics as usual\" in this community by rallying with the \"Taxpayers Against Golf Spending\" campaign which placed new faceson Harrisonburg's City Council.","A portion of Network for Peace and Justice newsletters were migrated to photocopy format upon receipt due to environmental damage and inherent vice i.e. vinyl line tape, acidic adhesives, and chemical deterioration of master photographic copies. This collection was reprocessed in December 2016 and is comprised of materials from the Common Ground Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3019 , and the Network for Peace and Justice Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3020 .","The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, is comprised of three boxes (.96 cubic feet) consisting primarily of material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal. The collection is arranged into four series: Newsletters, Administrative Files, Ephemera, and Images.","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0126"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Common Ground Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Common Ground Records"],"collection_ssim":["Common Ground Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"creator_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"creators_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"access_terms_ssm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections in May 2010 by Greg Czyszczon with additions made in July 2010 by Bob Bersson, September 2010, December 2016 by Dale Diaz, and September 2018 by Bob Bersson."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Peace movements -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Human rights -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Social justice -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Church and social problems -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Environmentalism -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Peace movements -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Human rights -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Social justice -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Church and social problems -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Environmentalism -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.96 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.96 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)"],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eNewsletters, 1983-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1986-1997\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1990-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eImages, 1990\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series:","Newsletters, 1983-2003 Administrative Files, 1986-1997 Ephemera, 1990-1998 Images, 1990"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eGingerich, R.C. and B.C. Busching. \"New Approaches to Power in Grassroots Coalition Building: A Case Study of Common Ground\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eConscious Acts and the Politics of Social Change\u003c/emph\u003e. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eMerkel, Julia. \"Interview notes from Common Ground Reunion Gathering, Harrisonburg's Hillandale Park, September 2010.\"\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Gingerich, R.C. and B.C. Busching. \"New Approaches to Power in Grassroots Coalition Building: A Case Study of Common Ground\"  Conscious Acts and the Politics of Social Change . Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.","Merkel, Julia. \"Interview notes from Common Ground Reunion Gathering, Harrisonburg's Hillandale Park, September 2010.\""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWith a modest beginning in the early 1980s of approximately twelve members whose interest ranged from nonviolence and social justice to ecological awareness, Common Ground stemmed from Harrisonburg's Choose Life Peace Center which was an ecumenical group concerned with nuclear proliferation and the U.S. intervention in Central America. Common Ground: Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment was officially founded in June 1987 by a group of representatives from local peace, justice, and environmental organizations. As a not-for-profit networking organization to channel the efforts of local groups, associations, and churches through education, research and civic action, Common Ground's primary goals were education, study and research on peace, justice and environmental quality; networking; building strong personal bonds of mutual support; active participation for change; and celebrating spiritual and ethical commitments. By 1996, the network had grown to fifty-three affiliate organizations. Xaverian Brother, Pete Mahoney was the network's long term director serving from 1987-1997. Brother Pete was followed by Ms. Dale Diaz in 1997 and Greg Czyszczon in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommon Ground's newsletter was known by three different names while in publication - Network for Peace and Justice (December 1983 - May 1987), Common Weal (August 1987, November 1987), and Common Ground (March 1988 - December 1996). All three titles are present within this collection. Early newsletters were mimeographed or photocopied. By 1992 the newsletters were published on newsprint. In its heyday in the late 1990s, circulation reached 2,000 copies. A quarter of the subscriptions were paid and the rest of the newsletters were freely distributed at local restaurants,campuses, and churches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Harrisonburg area Network for Peace and Justice is the predecessor of the Common Ground. Originally conceived of as a vehicle for \"communication, cooperation and consciousness-raising\" among twelve socially progressive local groups or chapters of national groups, the participating organizations listed in the inaugural October 1983 newsletter are: Choose Life; Christians for Peace; Church Women United, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Citizens Party, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Community Mediation Center; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Organization of Women, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County and James Madison University chapters; Peacemakers, Trinity Presbyterian Church; Peace Ministry Committee, Church of the Brethren; and Women's Caucus, Church of the Brethren. Robert Bersson, JMU professor emeritus of art, was the newsletter's first editor. Contributions of articles came from representatives of member organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a short time, as the newsletter began to gain popularity and local support, the newsletter changed its title to Common Weal from August 1987 to November 1987. After this change, the title was again altered to become its final iteration as Common Ground: The Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment in March 1988, retaining the original newsletter's title as its subtitle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommon Ground promoted its core values by recognizing community members and projects at an annual awards banquet. Recipients over the years have been: Blacks Run Restoration; Allies (an organization for advocacy on behalf of the local gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual community); Ron Copeland for organizing the Little Grill Soup Kitchen; Joe Giarriatano, an inmate who formed the Peace Center at Augusta Correctional Center in Craigsville; the Community Mediation Center; and John Eckman for the Valley Conservation Center among many others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe spirit of Common Ground embodied both \"nonpartisan radicalism\" and liberation theology with its preferential option for the poor and the marginalized members of society. Common Ground's activities and publications celebrated and gave voice to affiliate members and interests outside Harrisonburg's mainstream media outlets. The result of its alternative voice was political in nature: early Common Ground members credit their activism to General Dynamics' withdrawal of a proposal to build a munitions plant in the Shenandoah Valley; Common Ground worked with the Piedmont Environmental Council to successfully oppose Walt Disney Inc.'s proposed \"Historic America Theme Park\" in Haymarket, Virginia; and former Harrisonburg Mayor Carolyn Frank credits Common Ground members with changing \"politics as usual\" in this community by rallying with the \"Taxpayers Against Golf Spending\" campaign which placed new faceson Harrisonburg's City Council.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["With a modest beginning in the early 1980s of approximately twelve members whose interest ranged from nonviolence and social justice to ecological awareness, Common Ground stemmed from Harrisonburg's Choose Life Peace Center which was an ecumenical group concerned with nuclear proliferation and the U.S. intervention in Central America. Common Ground: Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment was officially founded in June 1987 by a group of representatives from local peace, justice, and environmental organizations. As a not-for-profit networking organization to channel the efforts of local groups, associations, and churches through education, research and civic action, Common Ground's primary goals were education, study and research on peace, justice and environmental quality; networking; building strong personal bonds of mutual support; active participation for change; and celebrating spiritual and ethical commitments. By 1996, the network had grown to fifty-three affiliate organizations. Xaverian Brother, Pete Mahoney was the network's long term director serving from 1987-1997. Brother Pete was followed by Ms. Dale Diaz in 1997 and Greg Czyszczon in 2003.","Common Ground's newsletter was known by three different names while in publication - Network for Peace and Justice (December 1983 - May 1987), Common Weal (August 1987, November 1987), and Common Ground (March 1988 - December 1996). All three titles are present within this collection. Early newsletters were mimeographed or photocopied. By 1992 the newsletters were published on newsprint. In its heyday in the late 1990s, circulation reached 2,000 copies. A quarter of the subscriptions were paid and the rest of the newsletters were freely distributed at local restaurants,campuses, and churches.","The Harrisonburg area Network for Peace and Justice is the predecessor of the Common Ground. Originally conceived of as a vehicle for \"communication, cooperation and consciousness-raising\" among twelve socially progressive local groups or chapters of national groups, the participating organizations listed in the inaugural October 1983 newsletter are: Choose Life; Christians for Peace; Church Women United, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Citizens Party, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Community Mediation Center; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Organization of Women, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County and James Madison University chapters; Peacemakers, Trinity Presbyterian Church; Peace Ministry Committee, Church of the Brethren; and Women's Caucus, Church of the Brethren. Robert Bersson, JMU professor emeritus of art, was the newsletter's first editor. Contributions of articles came from representatives of member organizations.","For a short time, as the newsletter began to gain popularity and local support, the newsletter changed its title to Common Weal from August 1987 to November 1987. After this change, the title was again altered to become its final iteration as Common Ground: The Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment in March 1988, retaining the original newsletter's title as its subtitle.","Common Ground promoted its core values by recognizing community members and projects at an annual awards banquet. Recipients over the years have been: Blacks Run Restoration; Allies (an organization for advocacy on behalf of the local gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual community); Ron Copeland for organizing the Little Grill Soup Kitchen; Joe Giarriatano, an inmate who formed the Peace Center at Augusta Correctional Center in Craigsville; the Community Mediation Center; and John Eckman for the Valley Conservation Center among many others.","The spirit of Common Ground embodied both \"nonpartisan radicalism\" and liberation theology with its preferential option for the poor and the marginalized members of society. Common Ground's activities and publications celebrated and gave voice to affiliate members and interests outside Harrisonburg's mainstream media outlets. The result of its alternative voice was political in nature: early Common Ground members credit their activism to General Dynamics' withdrawal of a proposal to build a munitions plant in the Shenandoah Valley; Common Ground worked with the Piedmont Environmental Council to successfully oppose Walt Disney Inc.'s proposed \"Historic America Theme Park\" in Haymarket, Virginia; and former Harrisonburg Mayor Carolyn Frank credits Common Ground members with changing \"politics as usual\" in this community by rallying with the \"Taxpayers Against Golf Spending\" campaign which placed new faceson Harrisonburg's City Council."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, SC 0126, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, SC 0126, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of Network for Peace and Justice newsletters were migrated to photocopy format upon receipt due to environmental damage and inherent vice i.e. vinyl line tape, acidic adhesives, and chemical deterioration of master photographic copies. This collection was reprocessed in December 2016 and is comprised of materials from the Common Ground Collection, \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003epreviously cataloged as SC 3019\u003c/emph\u003e, and the Network for Peace and Justice Collection, \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003epreviously cataloged as SC 3020\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A portion of Network for Peace and Justice newsletters were migrated to photocopy format upon receipt due to environmental damage and inherent vice i.e. vinyl line tape, acidic adhesives, and chemical deterioration of master photographic copies. This collection was reprocessed in December 2016 and is comprised of materials from the Common Ground Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3019 , and the Network for Peace and Justice Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3020 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, is comprised of three boxes (.96 cubic feet) consisting primarily of material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal. The collection is arranged into four series: Newsletters, Administrative Files, Ephemera, and Images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, is comprised of three boxes (.96 cubic feet) consisting primarily of material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal. The collection is arranged into four series: Newsletters, Administrative Files, Ephemera, and Images."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01948777a4add3a5129cf46f87397783\"\u003eThe Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"persname_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":37,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:30.805Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_273","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_273.xml","title_ssm":["Common Ground Records"],"title_tesim":["Common Ground Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1983-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1983-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0126"],"text":["SC 0126","Common Ground Records","Peace movements -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Human rights -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Social justice -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Church and social problems -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Environmentalism -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in four series:","Newsletters, 1983-2003 Administrative Files, 1986-1997 Ephemera, 1990-1998 Images, 1990","Gingerich, R.C. and B.C. Busching. \"New Approaches to Power in Grassroots Coalition Building: A Case Study of Common Ground\"  Conscious Acts and the Politics of Social Change . Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.","Merkel, Julia. \"Interview notes from Common Ground Reunion Gathering, Harrisonburg's Hillandale Park, September 2010.\"","With a modest beginning in the early 1980s of approximately twelve members whose interest ranged from nonviolence and social justice to ecological awareness, Common Ground stemmed from Harrisonburg's Choose Life Peace Center which was an ecumenical group concerned with nuclear proliferation and the U.S. intervention in Central America. Common Ground: Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment was officially founded in June 1987 by a group of representatives from local peace, justice, and environmental organizations. As a not-for-profit networking organization to channel the efforts of local groups, associations, and churches through education, research and civic action, Common Ground's primary goals were education, study and research on peace, justice and environmental quality; networking; building strong personal bonds of mutual support; active participation for change; and celebrating spiritual and ethical commitments. By 1996, the network had grown to fifty-three affiliate organizations. Xaverian Brother, Pete Mahoney was the network's long term director serving from 1987-1997. Brother Pete was followed by Ms. Dale Diaz in 1997 and Greg Czyszczon in 2003.","Common Ground's newsletter was known by three different names while in publication - Network for Peace and Justice (December 1983 - May 1987), Common Weal (August 1987, November 1987), and Common Ground (March 1988 - December 1996). All three titles are present within this collection. Early newsletters were mimeographed or photocopied. By 1992 the newsletters were published on newsprint. In its heyday in the late 1990s, circulation reached 2,000 copies. A quarter of the subscriptions were paid and the rest of the newsletters were freely distributed at local restaurants,campuses, and churches.","The Harrisonburg area Network for Peace and Justice is the predecessor of the Common Ground. Originally conceived of as a vehicle for \"communication, cooperation and consciousness-raising\" among twelve socially progressive local groups or chapters of national groups, the participating organizations listed in the inaugural October 1983 newsletter are: Choose Life; Christians for Peace; Church Women United, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Citizens Party, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Community Mediation Center; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Organization of Women, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County and James Madison University chapters; Peacemakers, Trinity Presbyterian Church; Peace Ministry Committee, Church of the Brethren; and Women's Caucus, Church of the Brethren. Robert Bersson, JMU professor emeritus of art, was the newsletter's first editor. Contributions of articles came from representatives of member organizations.","For a short time, as the newsletter began to gain popularity and local support, the newsletter changed its title to Common Weal from August 1987 to November 1987. After this change, the title was again altered to become its final iteration as Common Ground: The Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment in March 1988, retaining the original newsletter's title as its subtitle.","Common Ground promoted its core values by recognizing community members and projects at an annual awards banquet. Recipients over the years have been: Blacks Run Restoration; Allies (an organization for advocacy on behalf of the local gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual community); Ron Copeland for organizing the Little Grill Soup Kitchen; Joe Giarriatano, an inmate who formed the Peace Center at Augusta Correctional Center in Craigsville; the Community Mediation Center; and John Eckman for the Valley Conservation Center among many others.","The spirit of Common Ground embodied both \"nonpartisan radicalism\" and liberation theology with its preferential option for the poor and the marginalized members of society. Common Ground's activities and publications celebrated and gave voice to affiliate members and interests outside Harrisonburg's mainstream media outlets. The result of its alternative voice was political in nature: early Common Ground members credit their activism to General Dynamics' withdrawal of a proposal to build a munitions plant in the Shenandoah Valley; Common Ground worked with the Piedmont Environmental Council to successfully oppose Walt Disney Inc.'s proposed \"Historic America Theme Park\" in Haymarket, Virginia; and former Harrisonburg Mayor Carolyn Frank credits Common Ground members with changing \"politics as usual\" in this community by rallying with the \"Taxpayers Against Golf Spending\" campaign which placed new faceson Harrisonburg's City Council.","A portion of Network for Peace and Justice newsletters were migrated to photocopy format upon receipt due to environmental damage and inherent vice i.e. vinyl line tape, acidic adhesives, and chemical deterioration of master photographic copies. This collection was reprocessed in December 2016 and is comprised of materials from the Common Ground Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3019 , and the Network for Peace and Justice Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3020 .","The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, is comprised of three boxes (.96 cubic feet) consisting primarily of material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal. The collection is arranged into four series: Newsletters, Administrative Files, Ephemera, and Images.","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0126"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Common Ground Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Common Ground Records"],"collection_ssim":["Common Ground Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"creator_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"creators_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"access_terms_ssm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections in May 2010 by Greg Czyszczon with additions made in July 2010 by Bob Bersson, September 2010, December 2016 by Dale Diaz, and September 2018 by Bob Bersson."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Peace movements -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Human rights -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Social justice -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Church and social problems -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Environmentalism -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Peace movements -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Human rights -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Social justice -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Church and social problems -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Environmentalism -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.96 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.96 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Newsletters","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Administrative records","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)"],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eNewsletters, 1983-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1986-1997\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1990-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eImages, 1990\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series:","Newsletters, 1983-2003 Administrative Files, 1986-1997 Ephemera, 1990-1998 Images, 1990"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eGingerich, R.C. and B.C. Busching. \"New Approaches to Power in Grassroots Coalition Building: A Case Study of Common Ground\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eConscious Acts and the Politics of Social Change\u003c/emph\u003e. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eMerkel, Julia. \"Interview notes from Common Ground Reunion Gathering, Harrisonburg's Hillandale Park, September 2010.\"\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Gingerich, R.C. and B.C. Busching. \"New Approaches to Power in Grassroots Coalition Building: A Case Study of Common Ground\"  Conscious Acts and the Politics of Social Change . Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.","Merkel, Julia. \"Interview notes from Common Ground Reunion Gathering, Harrisonburg's Hillandale Park, September 2010.\""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWith a modest beginning in the early 1980s of approximately twelve members whose interest ranged from nonviolence and social justice to ecological awareness, Common Ground stemmed from Harrisonburg's Choose Life Peace Center which was an ecumenical group concerned with nuclear proliferation and the U.S. intervention in Central America. Common Ground: Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment was officially founded in June 1987 by a group of representatives from local peace, justice, and environmental organizations. As a not-for-profit networking organization to channel the efforts of local groups, associations, and churches through education, research and civic action, Common Ground's primary goals were education, study and research on peace, justice and environmental quality; networking; building strong personal bonds of mutual support; active participation for change; and celebrating spiritual and ethical commitments. By 1996, the network had grown to fifty-three affiliate organizations. Xaverian Brother, Pete Mahoney was the network's long term director serving from 1987-1997. Brother Pete was followed by Ms. Dale Diaz in 1997 and Greg Czyszczon in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommon Ground's newsletter was known by three different names while in publication - Network for Peace and Justice (December 1983 - May 1987), Common Weal (August 1987, November 1987), and Common Ground (March 1988 - December 1996). All three titles are present within this collection. Early newsletters were mimeographed or photocopied. By 1992 the newsletters were published on newsprint. In its heyday in the late 1990s, circulation reached 2,000 copies. A quarter of the subscriptions were paid and the rest of the newsletters were freely distributed at local restaurants,campuses, and churches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Harrisonburg area Network for Peace and Justice is the predecessor of the Common Ground. Originally conceived of as a vehicle for \"communication, cooperation and consciousness-raising\" among twelve socially progressive local groups or chapters of national groups, the participating organizations listed in the inaugural October 1983 newsletter are: Choose Life; Christians for Peace; Church Women United, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Citizens Party, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Community Mediation Center; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Organization of Women, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County and James Madison University chapters; Peacemakers, Trinity Presbyterian Church; Peace Ministry Committee, Church of the Brethren; and Women's Caucus, Church of the Brethren. Robert Bersson, JMU professor emeritus of art, was the newsletter's first editor. Contributions of articles came from representatives of member organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a short time, as the newsletter began to gain popularity and local support, the newsletter changed its title to Common Weal from August 1987 to November 1987. After this change, the title was again altered to become its final iteration as Common Ground: The Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment in March 1988, retaining the original newsletter's title as its subtitle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommon Ground promoted its core values by recognizing community members and projects at an annual awards banquet. Recipients over the years have been: Blacks Run Restoration; Allies (an organization for advocacy on behalf of the local gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual community); Ron Copeland for organizing the Little Grill Soup Kitchen; Joe Giarriatano, an inmate who formed the Peace Center at Augusta Correctional Center in Craigsville; the Community Mediation Center; and John Eckman for the Valley Conservation Center among many others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe spirit of Common Ground embodied both \"nonpartisan radicalism\" and liberation theology with its preferential option for the poor and the marginalized members of society. Common Ground's activities and publications celebrated and gave voice to affiliate members and interests outside Harrisonburg's mainstream media outlets. The result of its alternative voice was political in nature: early Common Ground members credit their activism to General Dynamics' withdrawal of a proposal to build a munitions plant in the Shenandoah Valley; Common Ground worked with the Piedmont Environmental Council to successfully oppose Walt Disney Inc.'s proposed \"Historic America Theme Park\" in Haymarket, Virginia; and former Harrisonburg Mayor Carolyn Frank credits Common Ground members with changing \"politics as usual\" in this community by rallying with the \"Taxpayers Against Golf Spending\" campaign which placed new faceson Harrisonburg's City Council.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["With a modest beginning in the early 1980s of approximately twelve members whose interest ranged from nonviolence and social justice to ecological awareness, Common Ground stemmed from Harrisonburg's Choose Life Peace Center which was an ecumenical group concerned with nuclear proliferation and the U.S. intervention in Central America. Common Ground: Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment was officially founded in June 1987 by a group of representatives from local peace, justice, and environmental organizations. As a not-for-profit networking organization to channel the efforts of local groups, associations, and churches through education, research and civic action, Common Ground's primary goals were education, study and research on peace, justice and environmental quality; networking; building strong personal bonds of mutual support; active participation for change; and celebrating spiritual and ethical commitments. By 1996, the network had grown to fifty-three affiliate organizations. Xaverian Brother, Pete Mahoney was the network's long term director serving from 1987-1997. Brother Pete was followed by Ms. Dale Diaz in 1997 and Greg Czyszczon in 2003.","Common Ground's newsletter was known by three different names while in publication - Network for Peace and Justice (December 1983 - May 1987), Common Weal (August 1987, November 1987), and Common Ground (March 1988 - December 1996). All three titles are present within this collection. Early newsletters were mimeographed or photocopied. By 1992 the newsletters were published on newsprint. In its heyday in the late 1990s, circulation reached 2,000 copies. A quarter of the subscriptions were paid and the rest of the newsletters were freely distributed at local restaurants,campuses, and churches.","The Harrisonburg area Network for Peace and Justice is the predecessor of the Common Ground. Originally conceived of as a vehicle for \"communication, cooperation and consciousness-raising\" among twelve socially progressive local groups or chapters of national groups, the participating organizations listed in the inaugural October 1983 newsletter are: Choose Life; Christians for Peace; Church Women United, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Citizens Party, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County; Community Mediation Center; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Organization of Women, Harrisonburg/Rockingham County and James Madison University chapters; Peacemakers, Trinity Presbyterian Church; Peace Ministry Committee, Church of the Brethren; and Women's Caucus, Church of the Brethren. Robert Bersson, JMU professor emeritus of art, was the newsletter's first editor. Contributions of articles came from representatives of member organizations.","For a short time, as the newsletter began to gain popularity and local support, the newsletter changed its title to Common Weal from August 1987 to November 1987. After this change, the title was again altered to become its final iteration as Common Ground: The Network for Peace, Justice, and the Environment in March 1988, retaining the original newsletter's title as its subtitle.","Common Ground promoted its core values by recognizing community members and projects at an annual awards banquet. Recipients over the years have been: Blacks Run Restoration; Allies (an organization for advocacy on behalf of the local gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual community); Ron Copeland for organizing the Little Grill Soup Kitchen; Joe Giarriatano, an inmate who formed the Peace Center at Augusta Correctional Center in Craigsville; the Community Mediation Center; and John Eckman for the Valley Conservation Center among many others.","The spirit of Common Ground embodied both \"nonpartisan radicalism\" and liberation theology with its preferential option for the poor and the marginalized members of society. Common Ground's activities and publications celebrated and gave voice to affiliate members and interests outside Harrisonburg's mainstream media outlets. The result of its alternative voice was political in nature: early Common Ground members credit their activism to General Dynamics' withdrawal of a proposal to build a munitions plant in the Shenandoah Valley; Common Ground worked with the Piedmont Environmental Council to successfully oppose Walt Disney Inc.'s proposed \"Historic America Theme Park\" in Haymarket, Virginia; and former Harrisonburg Mayor Carolyn Frank credits Common Ground members with changing \"politics as usual\" in this community by rallying with the \"Taxpayers Against Golf Spending\" campaign which placed new faceson Harrisonburg's City Council."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, SC 0126, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, SC 0126, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of Network for Peace and Justice newsletters were migrated to photocopy format upon receipt due to environmental damage and inherent vice i.e. vinyl line tape, acidic adhesives, and chemical deterioration of master photographic copies. This collection was reprocessed in December 2016 and is comprised of materials from the Common Ground Collection, \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003epreviously cataloged as SC 3019\u003c/emph\u003e, and the Network for Peace and Justice Collection, \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003epreviously cataloged as SC 3020\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A portion of Network for Peace and Justice newsletters were migrated to photocopy format upon receipt due to environmental damage and inherent vice i.e. vinyl line tape, acidic adhesives, and chemical deterioration of master photographic copies. This collection was reprocessed in December 2016 and is comprised of materials from the Common Ground Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3019 , and the Network for Peace and Justice Collection,  previously cataloged as SC 3020 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, is comprised of three boxes (.96 cubic feet) consisting primarily of material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal. The collection is arranged into four series: Newsletters, Administrative Files, Ephemera, and Images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, is comprised of three boxes (.96 cubic feet) consisting primarily of material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal. The collection is arranged into four series: Newsletters, Administrative Files, Ephemera, and Images."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01948777a4add3a5129cf46f87397783\"\u003eThe Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Common Ground Records, 1983-2003, consists of the newsletters, administrative files, and other material related to or published by the now-defunct Harrisonburg peace and justice organization Common Ground and its predecessors, The Network for Peace and Justice and Common Weal."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"persname_ssim":["Bersson, Robert","Czyszczon, Greg","Diaz, Dale"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":37,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:30.805Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_273"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jay G. Rainey Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_354#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_354#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to \u003cem\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/em\u003e, a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_354#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_354.xml","title_ssm":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"title_tesim":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-1996","1970-1977"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0024","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"text":["SC 0024","/repositories/4/resources/354","Jay G. Rainey Papers","Student protesters -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged topically in five folders.","The Breeze , October 29, 1969. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Jay Rainey, interviewed by Jeremy Turner, 1998, SdArch 11-2, transcript, Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Jay Garland Rainey (b. 1946) entered Madison College in September 1966 as a member of the college's first fully coeducational class; he was originally from Alexandria, Virginia. He married Katherine (Tina) Marie Russell soon after graduating high school and they moved to Rockingham County with their son so Rainey could attend Madison. In an effort to prepare for his wife's delivery of the couple's second child and to save for tuition, Rainey left the college after two years of study and returned to Alexandria. Rainey was initially denied readmission for the 1968-1969 session due to his alleged unkempt appearance. He brought suit against the college in February 1969 and the ruling was subsequently overturned due to a lack of due process. Rainey returned to Madison for the 1969-1970 session.","While attending Madison College, Rainey was active in several \"radical\" or \"left-leaning\" student organizations. Rainey served as the first editor of  The Fixer , a student-run underground newspaper at Madison College from 1969 to 1973. It was published by the Madison College Free Press and its prime directive was to encourage a \"meaningful exchange of ideas, a confrontation of minds.\" Furthermore, the paper strove to reopen various channels of dialogue between students, faculty, and the administration due to a perceived lack of communication and overall transparency. Rainey was also active in the student group, Harambee. While Rainey described the organization as a \"liberal group of like-minded people that would mainly get together and give each other support,\" Harambee did not explicitly identify as a political organization.","Rainey organized a sit-in at Wilson Hall in April 1970 after the administration announced that three professors – Roger Adkins, Assistant Professor of Economics; Ethrich Houston Rogers, Instructor of English; and James McClung, Assistant Professor of English – would not have their contracts renewed for 1970-1971 academic term. Many students perceived the non-reappointments as being politically motivated rather than a result of poor academic performance. Rainey was arrested, convicted of trespassing, and, despite a long series of appeals, sentenced to a six-month jail sentence and a $500 fine. Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. eventually pardoned Rainey and commuted his sentence on November 17, 1977. Rainey graduated Madison College in June 1971 with a B. S from the School of Social Sciences.","Teresa Geary, Dr. Robert Geary's daughter, borrowed these materials from Jay Rainey to create an exhibit for a class assignment.","Jay Rainey's Post Sentence Report, dated September 15, 1977, was removed from the collection and placed in the collection control file. A facsimile, with Rainey's social security number redacted, is located in Folder 2.","This collection, formerly numbered SU 97-1007, was originally processed by Chris Bolgiano in December 1997. During reprocessing all correspondence and official court documentation related to Jay Rainey's 1977 sentencing was separated from The Fixer materials and housed in one folder. All newspaper clippings were consolidated into one folder and filed in chronological order. A hard copy of the original finding aid is located in the collection control file.","The Fixer , Harrisonburg, Va.: Madison College Free Press.","Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, SdArch 11","G. Tyler Miller Collection, 1949-2005, PR 2004-0217, James Madison University Historical Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","JMU Student Government Association Records, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' whose contracts were not renewed. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","The collection includes newspaper clippings, court documents, and correspondence documenting the April 1970 demonstration organized by Jay Rainey in protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment for the 1970-1971 session. Of particular interest are letters written to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. by Staunton journalist William H. Reid and Rainey's lawyer John C. Lowe requesting that Rainey and his co-defendants', James McClung and Stephen B. Rochelle, be pardoned. Rainey's November 17, 1977 signed pardon by Governor Godwin is included. A chronology of events related to the April 1970 protest, copied from Teresa Geary's exhibit, is included.","Materials related to  The Fixer  include editorial staff questionnaires, signed anti-Vietnam petitions, flyers, and a Report of Faculty Grievance Committee on the case of Dr. Edward D. Lipton, Associate Professor of Health and Physical Education, who was dismissed from the college and subsequently rehired. This report was printed in its entirety in the April 30, 1972 issue of  The Fixer .","Additional materials include a grouping of approximately 20 pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters published by the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education and the Virginia State AFL-CIO. Most relate to the 1972 presidential election.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0024","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"creator_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"creators_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Jay Rainey in October 1997 via Dr. Robert Geary, Professor of English at James Madison University."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Student protesters -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Student protesters -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 cubic feet 5 legal folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 cubic feet 5 legal folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged topically in five folders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged topically in five folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Breeze\u003c/emph\u003e, October 29, 1969. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJay Rainey, interviewed by Jeremy Turner, 1998, SdArch 11-2, transcript, Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Breeze , October 29, 1969. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Jay Rainey, interviewed by Jeremy Turner, 1998, SdArch 11-2, transcript, Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay Garland Rainey (b. 1946) entered Madison College in September 1966 as a member of the college's first fully coeducational class; he was originally from Alexandria, Virginia. He married Katherine (Tina) Marie Russell soon after graduating high school and they moved to Rockingham County with their son so Rainey could attend Madison. In an effort to prepare for his wife's delivery of the couple's second child and to save for tuition, Rainey left the college after two years of study and returned to Alexandria. Rainey was initially denied readmission for the 1968-1969 session due to his alleged unkempt appearance. He brought suit against the college in February 1969 and the ruling was subsequently overturned due to a lack of due process. Rainey returned to Madison for the 1969-1970 session.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile attending Madison College, Rainey was active in several \"radical\" or \"left-leaning\" student organizations. Rainey served as the first editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, a student-run underground newspaper at Madison College from 1969 to 1973. It was published by the Madison College Free Press and its prime directive was to encourage a \"meaningful exchange of ideas, a confrontation of minds.\" Furthermore, the paper strove to reopen various channels of dialogue between students, faculty, and the administration due to a perceived lack of communication and overall transparency. Rainey was also active in the student group, Harambee. While Rainey described the organization as a \"liberal group of like-minded people that would mainly get together and give each other support,\" Harambee did not explicitly identify as a political organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRainey organized a sit-in at Wilson Hall in April 1970 after the administration announced that three professors – Roger Adkins, Assistant Professor of Economics; Ethrich Houston Rogers, Instructor of English; and James McClung, Assistant Professor of English – would not have their contracts renewed for 1970-1971 academic term. Many students perceived the non-reappointments as being politically motivated rather than a result of poor academic performance. Rainey was arrested, convicted of trespassing, and, despite a long series of appeals, sentenced to a six-month jail sentence and a $500 fine. Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. eventually pardoned Rainey and commuted his sentence on November 17, 1977. Rainey graduated Madison College in June 1971 with a B. S from the School of Social Sciences.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jay Garland Rainey (b. 1946) entered Madison College in September 1966 as a member of the college's first fully coeducational class; he was originally from Alexandria, Virginia. He married Katherine (Tina) Marie Russell soon after graduating high school and they moved to Rockingham County with their son so Rainey could attend Madison. In an effort to prepare for his wife's delivery of the couple's second child and to save for tuition, Rainey left the college after two years of study and returned to Alexandria. Rainey was initially denied readmission for the 1968-1969 session due to his alleged unkempt appearance. He brought suit against the college in February 1969 and the ruling was subsequently overturned due to a lack of due process. Rainey returned to Madison for the 1969-1970 session.","While attending Madison College, Rainey was active in several \"radical\" or \"left-leaning\" student organizations. Rainey served as the first editor of  The Fixer , a student-run underground newspaper at Madison College from 1969 to 1973. It was published by the Madison College Free Press and its prime directive was to encourage a \"meaningful exchange of ideas, a confrontation of minds.\" Furthermore, the paper strove to reopen various channels of dialogue between students, faculty, and the administration due to a perceived lack of communication and overall transparency. Rainey was also active in the student group, Harambee. While Rainey described the organization as a \"liberal group of like-minded people that would mainly get together and give each other support,\" Harambee did not explicitly identify as a political organization.","Rainey organized a sit-in at Wilson Hall in April 1970 after the administration announced that three professors – Roger Adkins, Assistant Professor of Economics; Ethrich Houston Rogers, Instructor of English; and James McClung, Assistant Professor of English – would not have their contracts renewed for 1970-1971 academic term. Many students perceived the non-reappointments as being politically motivated rather than a result of poor academic performance. Rainey was arrested, convicted of trespassing, and, despite a long series of appeals, sentenced to a six-month jail sentence and a $500 fine. Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. eventually pardoned Rainey and commuted his sentence on November 17, 1977. Rainey graduated Madison College in June 1971 with a B. S from the School of Social Sciences."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTeresa Geary, Dr. Robert Geary's daughter, borrowed these materials from Jay Rainey to create an exhibit for a class assignment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Teresa Geary, Dr. Robert Geary's daughter, borrowed these materials from Jay Rainey to create an exhibit for a class assignment."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay Rainey's Post Sentence Report, dated September 15, 1977, was removed from the collection and placed in the collection control file. A facsimile, with Rainey's social security number redacted, is located in Folder 2.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Jay Rainey's Post Sentence Report, dated September 15, 1977, was removed from the collection and placed in the collection control file. A facsimile, with Rainey's social security number redacted, is located in Folder 2."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, SC 0024, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, SC 0024, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, formerly numbered SU 97-1007, was originally processed by Chris Bolgiano in December 1997. During reprocessing all correspondence and official court documentation related to Jay Rainey's 1977 sentencing was separated from The Fixer materials and housed in one folder. All newspaper clippings were consolidated into one folder and filed in chronological order. A hard copy of the original finding aid is located in the collection control file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection, formerly numbered SU 97-1007, was originally processed by Chris Bolgiano in December 1997. During reprocessing all correspondence and official court documentation related to Jay Rainey's 1977 sentencing was separated from The Fixer materials and housed in one folder. All newspaper clippings were consolidated into one folder and filed in chronological order. A hard copy of the original finding aid is located in the collection control file."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://catalog.lib.jmu.edu/record=b1356483\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, Harrisonburg, Va.: Madison College Free Press.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://catalog.lib.jmu.edu/search/t?searchtype=j\u0026amp;searcharg=sdarch+no.+11\u0026amp;submit=Submit\u0026amp;SORT=A\u0026amp;extended=0\"\u003eMadison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, SdArch 11\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/jmuhistorical/JMUMiller.aspx\"\u003eG. Tyler Miller Collection, 1949-2005, PR 2004-0217, James Madison University Historical Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/manuscripts/0007sga.aspx\"\u003eJMU Student Government Association Records, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Fixer , Harrisonburg, Va.: Madison College Free Press.","Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, SdArch 11","G. Tyler Miller Collection, 1949-2005, PR 2004-0217, James Madison University Historical Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","JMU Student Government Association Records, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' whose contracts were not renewed. Additional materials are related to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspaper clippings, court documents, and correspondence documenting the April 1970 demonstration organized by Jay Rainey in protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment for the 1970-1971 session. Of particular interest are letters written to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. by Staunton journalist William H. Reid and Rainey's lawyer John C. Lowe requesting that Rainey and his co-defendants', James McClung and Stephen B. Rochelle, be pardoned. Rainey's November 17, 1977 signed pardon by Governor Godwin is included. A chronology of events related to the April 1970 protest, copied from Teresa Geary's exhibit, is included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e include editorial staff questionnaires, signed anti-Vietnam petitions, flyers, and a Report of Faculty Grievance Committee on the case of Dr. Edward D. Lipton, Associate Professor of Health and Physical Education, who was dismissed from the college and subsequently rehired. This report was printed in its entirety in the April 30, 1972 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional materials include a grouping of approximately 20 pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters published by the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education and the Virginia State AFL-CIO. Most relate to the 1972 presidential election.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' whose contracts were not renewed. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","The collection includes newspaper clippings, court documents, and correspondence documenting the April 1970 demonstration organized by Jay Rainey in protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment for the 1970-1971 session. Of particular interest are letters written to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. by Staunton journalist William H. Reid and Rainey's lawyer John C. Lowe requesting that Rainey and his co-defendants', James McClung and Stephen B. Rochelle, be pardoned. Rainey's November 17, 1977 signed pardon by Governor Godwin is included. A chronology of events related to the April 1970 protest, copied from Teresa Geary's exhibit, is included.","Materials related to  The Fixer  include editorial staff questionnaires, signed anti-Vietnam petitions, flyers, and a Report of Faculty Grievance Committee on the case of Dr. Edward D. Lipton, Associate Professor of Health and Physical Education, who was dismissed from the college and subsequently rehired. This report was printed in its entirety in the April 30, 1972 issue of  The Fixer .","Additional materials include a grouping of approximately 20 pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters published by the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education and the Virginia State AFL-CIO. Most relate to the 1972 presidential election."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ee88616bd4bcdfdac547e894d803d333\"\u003eThe Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:30.805Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_354","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_354.xml","title_ssm":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"title_tesim":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-1996","1970-1977"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0024","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"text":["SC 0024","/repositories/4/resources/354","Jay G. Rainey Papers","Student protesters -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged topically in five folders.","The Breeze , October 29, 1969. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Jay Rainey, interviewed by Jeremy Turner, 1998, SdArch 11-2, transcript, Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Jay Garland Rainey (b. 1946) entered Madison College in September 1966 as a member of the college's first fully coeducational class; he was originally from Alexandria, Virginia. He married Katherine (Tina) Marie Russell soon after graduating high school and they moved to Rockingham County with their son so Rainey could attend Madison. In an effort to prepare for his wife's delivery of the couple's second child and to save for tuition, Rainey left the college after two years of study and returned to Alexandria. Rainey was initially denied readmission for the 1968-1969 session due to his alleged unkempt appearance. He brought suit against the college in February 1969 and the ruling was subsequently overturned due to a lack of due process. Rainey returned to Madison for the 1969-1970 session.","While attending Madison College, Rainey was active in several \"radical\" or \"left-leaning\" student organizations. Rainey served as the first editor of  The Fixer , a student-run underground newspaper at Madison College from 1969 to 1973. It was published by the Madison College Free Press and its prime directive was to encourage a \"meaningful exchange of ideas, a confrontation of minds.\" Furthermore, the paper strove to reopen various channels of dialogue between students, faculty, and the administration due to a perceived lack of communication and overall transparency. Rainey was also active in the student group, Harambee. While Rainey described the organization as a \"liberal group of like-minded people that would mainly get together and give each other support,\" Harambee did not explicitly identify as a political organization.","Rainey organized a sit-in at Wilson Hall in April 1970 after the administration announced that three professors – Roger Adkins, Assistant Professor of Economics; Ethrich Houston Rogers, Instructor of English; and James McClung, Assistant Professor of English – would not have their contracts renewed for 1970-1971 academic term. Many students perceived the non-reappointments as being politically motivated rather than a result of poor academic performance. Rainey was arrested, convicted of trespassing, and, despite a long series of appeals, sentenced to a six-month jail sentence and a $500 fine. Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. eventually pardoned Rainey and commuted his sentence on November 17, 1977. Rainey graduated Madison College in June 1971 with a B. S from the School of Social Sciences.","Teresa Geary, Dr. Robert Geary's daughter, borrowed these materials from Jay Rainey to create an exhibit for a class assignment.","Jay Rainey's Post Sentence Report, dated September 15, 1977, was removed from the collection and placed in the collection control file. A facsimile, with Rainey's social security number redacted, is located in Folder 2.","This collection, formerly numbered SU 97-1007, was originally processed by Chris Bolgiano in December 1997. During reprocessing all correspondence and official court documentation related to Jay Rainey's 1977 sentencing was separated from The Fixer materials and housed in one folder. All newspaper clippings were consolidated into one folder and filed in chronological order. A hard copy of the original finding aid is located in the collection control file.","The Fixer , Harrisonburg, Va.: Madison College Free Press.","Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, SdArch 11","G. Tyler Miller Collection, 1949-2005, PR 2004-0217, James Madison University Historical Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","JMU Student Government Association Records, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' whose contracts were not renewed. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","The collection includes newspaper clippings, court documents, and correspondence documenting the April 1970 demonstration organized by Jay Rainey in protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment for the 1970-1971 session. Of particular interest are letters written to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. by Staunton journalist William H. Reid and Rainey's lawyer John C. Lowe requesting that Rainey and his co-defendants', James McClung and Stephen B. Rochelle, be pardoned. Rainey's November 17, 1977 signed pardon by Governor Godwin is included. A chronology of events related to the April 1970 protest, copied from Teresa Geary's exhibit, is included.","Materials related to  The Fixer  include editorial staff questionnaires, signed anti-Vietnam petitions, flyers, and a Report of Faculty Grievance Committee on the case of Dr. Edward D. Lipton, Associate Professor of Health and Physical Education, who was dismissed from the college and subsequently rehired. This report was printed in its entirety in the April 30, 1972 issue of  The Fixer .","Additional materials include a grouping of approximately 20 pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters published by the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education and the Virginia State AFL-CIO. Most relate to the 1972 presidential election.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0024","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jay G. Rainey Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"creator_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"creators_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Jay Rainey in October 1997 via Dr. Robert Geary, Professor of English at James Madison University."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Student protesters -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Student protesters -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 cubic feet 5 legal folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 cubic feet 5 legal folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Newspaper clippings","Questionnaires","Petitions","Newsletters","Pardons","Criminal court records"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged topically in five folders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged topically in five folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Breeze\u003c/emph\u003e, October 29, 1969. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJay Rainey, interviewed by Jeremy Turner, 1998, SdArch 11-2, transcript, Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Breeze , October 29, 1969. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Jay Rainey, interviewed by Jeremy Turner, 1998, SdArch 11-2, transcript, Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay Garland Rainey (b. 1946) entered Madison College in September 1966 as a member of the college's first fully coeducational class; he was originally from Alexandria, Virginia. He married Katherine (Tina) Marie Russell soon after graduating high school and they moved to Rockingham County with their son so Rainey could attend Madison. In an effort to prepare for his wife's delivery of the couple's second child and to save for tuition, Rainey left the college after two years of study and returned to Alexandria. Rainey was initially denied readmission for the 1968-1969 session due to his alleged unkempt appearance. He brought suit against the college in February 1969 and the ruling was subsequently overturned due to a lack of due process. Rainey returned to Madison for the 1969-1970 session.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile attending Madison College, Rainey was active in several \"radical\" or \"left-leaning\" student organizations. Rainey served as the first editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, a student-run underground newspaper at Madison College from 1969 to 1973. It was published by the Madison College Free Press and its prime directive was to encourage a \"meaningful exchange of ideas, a confrontation of minds.\" Furthermore, the paper strove to reopen various channels of dialogue between students, faculty, and the administration due to a perceived lack of communication and overall transparency. Rainey was also active in the student group, Harambee. While Rainey described the organization as a \"liberal group of like-minded people that would mainly get together and give each other support,\" Harambee did not explicitly identify as a political organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRainey organized a sit-in at Wilson Hall in April 1970 after the administration announced that three professors – Roger Adkins, Assistant Professor of Economics; Ethrich Houston Rogers, Instructor of English; and James McClung, Assistant Professor of English – would not have their contracts renewed for 1970-1971 academic term. Many students perceived the non-reappointments as being politically motivated rather than a result of poor academic performance. Rainey was arrested, convicted of trespassing, and, despite a long series of appeals, sentenced to a six-month jail sentence and a $500 fine. Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. eventually pardoned Rainey and commuted his sentence on November 17, 1977. Rainey graduated Madison College in June 1971 with a B. S from the School of Social Sciences.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jay Garland Rainey (b. 1946) entered Madison College in September 1966 as a member of the college's first fully coeducational class; he was originally from Alexandria, Virginia. He married Katherine (Tina) Marie Russell soon after graduating high school and they moved to Rockingham County with their son so Rainey could attend Madison. In an effort to prepare for his wife's delivery of the couple's second child and to save for tuition, Rainey left the college after two years of study and returned to Alexandria. Rainey was initially denied readmission for the 1968-1969 session due to his alleged unkempt appearance. He brought suit against the college in February 1969 and the ruling was subsequently overturned due to a lack of due process. Rainey returned to Madison for the 1969-1970 session.","While attending Madison College, Rainey was active in several \"radical\" or \"left-leaning\" student organizations. Rainey served as the first editor of  The Fixer , a student-run underground newspaper at Madison College from 1969 to 1973. It was published by the Madison College Free Press and its prime directive was to encourage a \"meaningful exchange of ideas, a confrontation of minds.\" Furthermore, the paper strove to reopen various channels of dialogue between students, faculty, and the administration due to a perceived lack of communication and overall transparency. Rainey was also active in the student group, Harambee. While Rainey described the organization as a \"liberal group of like-minded people that would mainly get together and give each other support,\" Harambee did not explicitly identify as a political organization.","Rainey organized a sit-in at Wilson Hall in April 1970 after the administration announced that three professors – Roger Adkins, Assistant Professor of Economics; Ethrich Houston Rogers, Instructor of English; and James McClung, Assistant Professor of English – would not have their contracts renewed for 1970-1971 academic term. Many students perceived the non-reappointments as being politically motivated rather than a result of poor academic performance. Rainey was arrested, convicted of trespassing, and, despite a long series of appeals, sentenced to a six-month jail sentence and a $500 fine. Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. eventually pardoned Rainey and commuted his sentence on November 17, 1977. Rainey graduated Madison College in June 1971 with a B. S from the School of Social Sciences."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTeresa Geary, Dr. Robert Geary's daughter, borrowed these materials from Jay Rainey to create an exhibit for a class assignment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Teresa Geary, Dr. Robert Geary's daughter, borrowed these materials from Jay Rainey to create an exhibit for a class assignment."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJay Rainey's Post Sentence Report, dated September 15, 1977, was removed from the collection and placed in the collection control file. A facsimile, with Rainey's social security number redacted, is located in Folder 2.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Jay Rainey's Post Sentence Report, dated September 15, 1977, was removed from the collection and placed in the collection control file. A facsimile, with Rainey's social security number redacted, is located in Folder 2."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, SC 0024, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, SC 0024, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, formerly numbered SU 97-1007, was originally processed by Chris Bolgiano in December 1997. During reprocessing all correspondence and official court documentation related to Jay Rainey's 1977 sentencing was separated from The Fixer materials and housed in one folder. All newspaper clippings were consolidated into one folder and filed in chronological order. A hard copy of the original finding aid is located in the collection control file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection, formerly numbered SU 97-1007, was originally processed by Chris Bolgiano in December 1997. During reprocessing all correspondence and official court documentation related to Jay Rainey's 1977 sentencing was separated from The Fixer materials and housed in one folder. All newspaper clippings were consolidated into one folder and filed in chronological order. A hard copy of the original finding aid is located in the collection control file."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://catalog.lib.jmu.edu/record=b1356483\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, Harrisonburg, Va.: Madison College Free Press.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://catalog.lib.jmu.edu/search/t?searchtype=j\u0026amp;searcharg=sdarch+no.+11\u0026amp;submit=Submit\u0026amp;SORT=A\u0026amp;extended=0\"\u003eMadison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, SdArch 11\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/jmuhistorical/JMUMiller.aspx\"\u003eG. Tyler Miller Collection, 1949-2005, PR 2004-0217, James Madison University Historical Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/manuscripts/0007sga.aspx\"\u003eJMU Student Government Association Records, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Fixer , Harrisonburg, Va.: Madison College Free Press.","Madison College Student Protest, April 1970 Oral History Collection, SdArch 11","G. Tyler Miller Collection, 1949-2005, PR 2004-0217, James Madison University Historical Collection, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","JMU Student Government Association Records, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' whose contracts were not renewed. Additional materials are related to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspaper clippings, court documents, and correspondence documenting the April 1970 demonstration organized by Jay Rainey in protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment for the 1970-1971 session. Of particular interest are letters written to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. by Staunton journalist William H. Reid and Rainey's lawyer John C. Lowe requesting that Rainey and his co-defendants', James McClung and Stephen B. Rochelle, be pardoned. Rainey's November 17, 1977 signed pardon by Governor Godwin is included. A chronology of events related to the April 1970 protest, copied from Teresa Geary's exhibit, is included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e include editorial staff questionnaires, signed anti-Vietnam petitions, flyers, and a Report of Faculty Grievance Committee on the case of Dr. Edward D. Lipton, Associate Professor of Health and Physical Education, who was dismissed from the college and subsequently rehired. This report was printed in its entirety in the April 30, 1972 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional materials include a grouping of approximately 20 pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters published by the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education and the Virginia State AFL-CIO. Most relate to the 1972 presidential election.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' whose contracts were not renewed. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.","The collection includes newspaper clippings, court documents, and correspondence documenting the April 1970 demonstration organized by Jay Rainey in protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment for the 1970-1971 session. Of particular interest are letters written to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. by Staunton journalist William H. Reid and Rainey's lawyer John C. Lowe requesting that Rainey and his co-defendants', James McClung and Stephen B. Rochelle, be pardoned. Rainey's November 17, 1977 signed pardon by Governor Godwin is included. A chronology of events related to the April 1970 protest, copied from Teresa Geary's exhibit, is included.","Materials related to  The Fixer  include editorial staff questionnaires, signed anti-Vietnam petitions, flyers, and a Report of Faculty Grievance Committee on the case of Dr. Edward D. Lipton, Associate Professor of Health and Physical Education, who was dismissed from the college and subsequently rehired. This report was printed in its entirety in the April 30, 1972 issue of  The Fixer .","Additional materials include a grouping of approximately 20 pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters published by the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education and the Virginia State AFL-CIO. Most relate to the 1972 presidential election."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact that Special Collection Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ee88616bd4bcdfdac547e894d803d333\"\u003eThe Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Fixer\u003c/emph\u003e, a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Jay G. Rainey Papers, 1970-1996, bulk 1970-1977, consist of five legal folders (.1 cubic feet). The collection is comprised of materials relating to Rainey's role in the April 1970 protest of three faculty members' non-reappointment. Additional materials are related to  The Fixer , a student-run newspaper of which Rainey was an editor, and political brochures and newsletters from the AFL-CIO."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students -- History","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Rainey, Jay Garland, 1946-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:30.805Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_354"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joanne V. Gabbin Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_627#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_627#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_627#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_627.xml","title_ssm":["Joanne V. Gabbin Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joanne V. Gabbin Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2017","1960-2017"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0296","/repositories/4/resources/627"],"text":["SC 0296","/repositories/4/resources/627","Joanne V. Gabbin Papers","English language -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Poetry -- Black authors","African Americans -- Poetry","African American poets","Poets, Black","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (documents)","Research notes","Photographs","Printed Ephemera","Pamphlets","Brochures","Personal papers","Articles","Syllabi","Poetry","Faculty papers","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection","Two boxes filled with empty file folders were recycled prior to processing.","The collection is arranged in six series. Series 3 and Series 5 are arranged further into subseries. Each series is arranged chronologically except for Series 1: Manuscripts which is arranged alphabetically. Exceptions to this arrangement scheme were made in order to group like materials (e.g. photographs, newspaper clippings) together. As a result chronological arrangements are approximate. In order to maintain original intellectual order, photographs and correspondence, for example, may be found across multiple series.","Manuscripts, 1930-2015 Research, 1960-2016 Professional Activities, 1963-2017 Teaching Materials, 1971-2013 Personal Papers, 1967-2016 Printed Ephemera and Photographs, 1961-2013","A professor of English at James Madison University, Joanne Gabbin earned her B.A. from Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland in 1967, and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1970 and 1980, respectively. Gabbin taught at Roosevelt University, Chicago State University, and Lincoln University before she was hired at James Madison University in 1985 as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor. She became the director of the Honors Program (now the Honors College) in 1986, where she served for 19 years and founded many programs that define the Honors College today. ","In 1994, she organized the first Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which she held at JMU and in honor of Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks. The event was considered historic and likely the largest gathering of African American poets and literature scholars to that date. After a second successful conference a decade later, JMU chartered the Furious Flower Poetry Center in 2005, the nation's first academic center devoted to Black poetry. ","The author/editor of numerous books and founder of the Wintergreen Women Writers' Collective, Gabbin's contributions to the academic field of African American poetry have been acknowledged with awards and honors from such organizations as the HistoryMakers Archives, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the College Language Association and the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, among many others. Her publications include  Sterling A. Brown: Building the Black Aesthetic Tradition  (1985), which was reissued in 1994 by the University Press of Virginia and the children's book  I Bet She Called Me Sugar Plum  (2004). She also edited  The Furious Flowering of African American Poetry  (1999),  Furious Flower: African American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present  (2004),  Furious Flower: Seeding the Future of African American Poetry  (2020),  Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers  (2009), and  Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy  (2009). ","Collection was donated in clearly labeled folders housed in multiple cubic boxes. In Feburary 2017, Cardinal House experienced a flood as a result of plumbing issues. Materials in this collection were affected and may exhibit water damage. Processors used labels as direction for series arrangement, and focused on discards of duplicates and assessing water-damage materials. Afterwards, materials were moved to hollingers and additional accruals were integrated into the existing arrangement.","Duplicate newspapers, newsletters, brochures, articles, etc. were discarded. Financial records including receipts, credit card and bank statements, and travel reimbursements were not retained and were discarded. Student records containing personally identifiable information (student identification numbers, GPAs, grades, etc.)—beyond what is considered directory information—were removed and discarded.","Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1990-2014, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records, 1970-2015, UA 0018, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center. The materials chiefly relate to her professional role as an influential figure in the African American literary community and include manuscripts she wrote or edited, notes and materials from events where she spoke or was featured, and her correspondence with publishers, professional organizations, and other members of the African American literary community. Other materials include articles for research or teaching purposes, syllabi, documents and correspondence related to her role as professor and head of the JMU Honors College, personal correspondence, and documents related to her role as director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.","Three poetry broadsides printed in 2017 at the Virginia Arts of the Book Center for the Virginia Festival of the Book - Heavenly Madrigal, Seasons Change Before We're Ready, and Zombie Blues Villanelle - were removed from the collection and cataloged individually. These broadsides are held by Special Collections.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Joanne V. 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However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Joanne V. 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Series 3 and Series 5 are arranged further into subseries. Each series is arranged chronologically except for Series 1: Manuscripts which is arranged alphabetically. Exceptions to this arrangement scheme were made in order to group like materials (e.g. photographs, newspaper clippings) together. As a result chronological arrangements are approximate. In order to maintain original intellectual order, photographs and correspondence, for example, may be found across multiple series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eManuscripts, 1930-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eResearch, 1960-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProfessional Activities, 1963-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching Materials, 1971-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1967-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrinted Ephemera and Photographs, 1961-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in six series. Series 3 and Series 5 are arranged further into subseries. Each series is arranged chronologically except for Series 1: Manuscripts which is arranged alphabetically. Exceptions to this arrangement scheme were made in order to group like materials (e.g. photographs, newspaper clippings) together. As a result chronological arrangements are approximate. In order to maintain original intellectual order, photographs and correspondence, for example, may be found across multiple series.","Manuscripts, 1930-2015 Research, 1960-2016 Professional Activities, 1963-2017 Teaching Materials, 1971-2013 Personal Papers, 1967-2016 Printed Ephemera and Photographs, 1961-2013"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA professor of English at James Madison University, Joanne Gabbin earned her B.A. from Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland in 1967, and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1970 and 1980, respectively. Gabbin taught at Roosevelt University, Chicago State University, and Lincoln University before she was hired at James Madison University in 1985 as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor. She became the director of the Honors Program (now the Honors College) in 1986, where she served for 19 years and founded many programs that define the Honors College today. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, she organized the first Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which she held at JMU and in honor of Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks. The event was considered historic and likely the largest gathering of African American poets and literature scholars to that date. After a second successful conference a decade later, JMU chartered the Furious Flower Poetry Center in 2005, the nation's first academic center devoted to Black poetry. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe author/editor of numerous books and founder of the Wintergreen Women Writers' Collective, Gabbin's contributions to the academic field of African American poetry have been acknowledged with awards and honors from such organizations as the HistoryMakers Archives, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the College Language Association and the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, among many others. Her publications include \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSterling A. Brown: Building the Black Aesthetic Tradition\u003c/emph\u003e (1985), which was reissued in 1994 by the University Press of Virginia and the children's book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eI Bet She Called Me Sugar Plum\u003c/emph\u003e (2004). She also edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Furious Flowering of African American Poetry\u003c/emph\u003e (1999), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFurious Flower: African American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present\u003c/emph\u003e (2004), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFurious Flower: Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\u003c/emph\u003e (2020), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers\u003c/emph\u003e (2009), and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy\u003c/emph\u003e (2009). \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["A professor of English at James Madison University, Joanne Gabbin earned her B.A. from Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland in 1967, and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1970 and 1980, respectively. Gabbin taught at Roosevelt University, Chicago State University, and Lincoln University before she was hired at James Madison University in 1985 as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor. She became the director of the Honors Program (now the Honors College) in 1986, where she served for 19 years and founded many programs that define the Honors College today. ","In 1994, she organized the first Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which she held at JMU and in honor of Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks. The event was considered historic and likely the largest gathering of African American poets and literature scholars to that date. After a second successful conference a decade later, JMU chartered the Furious Flower Poetry Center in 2005, the nation's first academic center devoted to Black poetry. ","The author/editor of numerous books and founder of the Wintergreen Women Writers' Collective, Gabbin's contributions to the academic field of African American poetry have been acknowledged with awards and honors from such organizations as the HistoryMakers Archives, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the College Language Association and the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, among many others. Her publications include  Sterling A. Brown: Building the Black Aesthetic Tradition  (1985), which was reissued in 1994 by the University Press of Virginia and the children's book  I Bet She Called Me Sugar Plum  (2004). She also edited  The Furious Flowering of African American Poetry  (1999),  Furious Flower: African American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present  (2004),  Furious Flower: Seeding the Future of African American Poetry  (2020),  Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers  (2009), and  Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy  (2009). "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], undated, SC 0296, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], undated, SC 0296, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection was donated in clearly labeled folders housed in multiple cubic boxes. In Feburary 2017, Cardinal House experienced a flood as a result of plumbing issues. Materials in this collection were affected and may exhibit water damage. Processors used labels as direction for series arrangement, and focused on discards of duplicates and assessing water-damage materials. Afterwards, materials were moved to hollingers and additional accruals were integrated into the existing arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicate newspapers, newsletters, brochures, articles, etc. were discarded. Financial records including receipts, credit card and bank statements, and travel reimbursements were not retained and were discarded. Student records containing personally identifiable information (student identification numbers, GPAs, grades, etc.)—beyond what is considered directory information—were removed and discarded.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection was donated in clearly labeled folders housed in multiple cubic boxes. In Feburary 2017, Cardinal House experienced a flood as a result of plumbing issues. Materials in this collection were affected and may exhibit water damage. Processors used labels as direction for series arrangement, and focused on discards of duplicates and assessing water-damage materials. Afterwards, materials were moved to hollingers and additional accruals were integrated into the existing arrangement.","Duplicate newspapers, newsletters, brochures, articles, etc. were discarded. Financial records including receipts, credit card and bank statements, and travel reimbursements were not retained and were discarded. 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Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center. The materials chiefly relate to her professional role as an influential figure in the African American literary community and include manuscripts she wrote or edited, notes and materials from events where she spoke or was featured, and her correspondence with publishers, professional organizations, and other members of the African American literary community. Other materials include articles for research or teaching purposes, syllabi, documents and correspondence related to her role as professor and head of the JMU Honors College, personal correspondence, and documents related to her role as director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThree poetry broadsides printed in 2017 at the Virginia Arts of the Book Center for the Virginia Festival of the Book - Heavenly Madrigal, Seasons Change Before We're Ready, and Zombie Blues Villanelle - were removed from the collection and cataloged individually. These broadsides are held by Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Three poetry broadsides printed in 2017 at the Virginia Arts of the Book Center for the Virginia Festival of the Book - Heavenly Madrigal, Seasons Change Before We're Ready, and Zombie Blues Villanelle - were removed from the collection and cataloged individually. These broadsides are held by Special Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f08c87141a4134568799bd39ab722aea\"\u003eThe Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center."],"names_coll_ssim":["Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","James Madison University. Honors College","James Madison University. Honors Program","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","James Madison University. Honors College","James Madison University. Honors Program","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","James Madison University. Honors College","James Madison University. Honors Program"],"persname_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":389,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:58:18.993Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_627","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_627.xml","title_ssm":["Joanne V. Gabbin Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joanne V. Gabbin Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2017","1960-2017"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0296","/repositories/4/resources/627"],"text":["SC 0296","/repositories/4/resources/627","Joanne V. Gabbin Papers","English language -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Poetry -- Black authors","African Americans -- Poetry","African American poets","Poets, Black","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (documents)","Research notes","Photographs","Printed Ephemera","Pamphlets","Brochures","Personal papers","Articles","Syllabi","Poetry","Faculty papers","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection","Two boxes filled with empty file folders were recycled prior to processing.","The collection is arranged in six series. Series 3 and Series 5 are arranged further into subseries. Each series is arranged chronologically except for Series 1: Manuscripts which is arranged alphabetically. Exceptions to this arrangement scheme were made in order to group like materials (e.g. photographs, newspaper clippings) together. As a result chronological arrangements are approximate. In order to maintain original intellectual order, photographs and correspondence, for example, may be found across multiple series.","Manuscripts, 1930-2015 Research, 1960-2016 Professional Activities, 1963-2017 Teaching Materials, 1971-2013 Personal Papers, 1967-2016 Printed Ephemera and Photographs, 1961-2013","A professor of English at James Madison University, Joanne Gabbin earned her B.A. from Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland in 1967, and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1970 and 1980, respectively. Gabbin taught at Roosevelt University, Chicago State University, and Lincoln University before she was hired at James Madison University in 1985 as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor. She became the director of the Honors Program (now the Honors College) in 1986, where she served for 19 years and founded many programs that define the Honors College today. ","In 1994, she organized the first Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which she held at JMU and in honor of Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks. The event was considered historic and likely the largest gathering of African American poets and literature scholars to that date. After a second successful conference a decade later, JMU chartered the Furious Flower Poetry Center in 2005, the nation's first academic center devoted to Black poetry. ","The author/editor of numerous books and founder of the Wintergreen Women Writers' Collective, Gabbin's contributions to the academic field of African American poetry have been acknowledged with awards and honors from such organizations as the HistoryMakers Archives, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the College Language Association and the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, among many others. Her publications include  Sterling A. Brown: Building the Black Aesthetic Tradition  (1985), which was reissued in 1994 by the University Press of Virginia and the children's book  I Bet She Called Me Sugar Plum  (2004). She also edited  The Furious Flowering of African American Poetry  (1999),  Furious Flower: African American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present  (2004),  Furious Flower: Seeding the Future of African American Poetry  (2020),  Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers  (2009), and  Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy  (2009). ","Collection was donated in clearly labeled folders housed in multiple cubic boxes. In Feburary 2017, Cardinal House experienced a flood as a result of plumbing issues. Materials in this collection were affected and may exhibit water damage. Processors used labels as direction for series arrangement, and focused on discards of duplicates and assessing water-damage materials. Afterwards, materials were moved to hollingers and additional accruals were integrated into the existing arrangement.","Duplicate newspapers, newsletters, brochures, articles, etc. were discarded. Financial records including receipts, credit card and bank statements, and travel reimbursements were not retained and were discarded. Student records containing personally identifiable information (student identification numbers, GPAs, grades, etc.)—beyond what is considered directory information—were removed and discarded.","Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1990-2014, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records, 1970-2015, UA 0018, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center. The materials chiefly relate to her professional role as an influential figure in the African American literary community and include manuscripts she wrote or edited, notes and materials from events where she spoke or was featured, and her correspondence with publishers, professional organizations, and other members of the African American literary community. Other materials include articles for research or teaching purposes, syllabi, documents and correspondence related to her role as professor and head of the JMU Honors College, personal correspondence, and documents related to her role as director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.","Three poetry broadsides printed in 2017 at the Virginia Arts of the Book Center for the Virginia Festival of the Book - Heavenly Madrigal, Seasons Change Before We're Ready, and Zombie Blues Villanelle - were removed from the collection and cataloged individually. These broadsides are held by Special Collections.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). 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(Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"creators_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Joanne V. Gabbin in September 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["English language -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Poetry -- Black authors","African Americans -- Poetry","African American poets","Poets, Black","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (documents)","Research notes","Photographs","Printed Ephemera","Pamphlets","Brochures","Personal papers","Articles","Syllabi","Poetry","Faculty papers","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["English language -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Poetry -- Black authors","African Americans -- Poetry","African American poets","Poets, Black","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (documents)","Research notes","Photographs","Printed Ephemera","Pamphlets","Brochures","Personal papers","Articles","Syllabi","Poetry","Faculty papers","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.54 cubic feet 42 boxes","134 Megabytes 216 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["12.54 cubic feet 42 boxes","134 Megabytes 216 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (documents)","Research notes","Photographs","Printed Ephemera","Pamphlets","Brochures","Personal papers","Articles","Syllabi","Poetry","Faculty papers","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection"],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo boxes filled with empty file folders were recycled prior to processing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Information"],"appraisal_tesim":["Two boxes filled with empty file folders were recycled prior to processing."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in six series. Series 3 and Series 5 are arranged further into subseries. Each series is arranged chronologically except for Series 1: Manuscripts which is arranged alphabetically. Exceptions to this arrangement scheme were made in order to group like materials (e.g. photographs, newspaper clippings) together. As a result chronological arrangements are approximate. In order to maintain original intellectual order, photographs and correspondence, for example, may be found across multiple series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eManuscripts, 1930-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eResearch, 1960-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProfessional Activities, 1963-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching Materials, 1971-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1967-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrinted Ephemera and Photographs, 1961-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in six series. Series 3 and Series 5 are arranged further into subseries. Each series is arranged chronologically except for Series 1: Manuscripts which is arranged alphabetically. Exceptions to this arrangement scheme were made in order to group like materials (e.g. photographs, newspaper clippings) together. As a result chronological arrangements are approximate. In order to maintain original intellectual order, photographs and correspondence, for example, may be found across multiple series.","Manuscripts, 1930-2015 Research, 1960-2016 Professional Activities, 1963-2017 Teaching Materials, 1971-2013 Personal Papers, 1967-2016 Printed Ephemera and Photographs, 1961-2013"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA professor of English at James Madison University, Joanne Gabbin earned her B.A. from Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland in 1967, and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1970 and 1980, respectively. Gabbin taught at Roosevelt University, Chicago State University, and Lincoln University before she was hired at James Madison University in 1985 as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor. She became the director of the Honors Program (now the Honors College) in 1986, where she served for 19 years and founded many programs that define the Honors College today. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, she organized the first Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which she held at JMU and in honor of Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks. The event was considered historic and likely the largest gathering of African American poets and literature scholars to that date. After a second successful conference a decade later, JMU chartered the Furious Flower Poetry Center in 2005, the nation's first academic center devoted to Black poetry. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe author/editor of numerous books and founder of the Wintergreen Women Writers' Collective, Gabbin's contributions to the academic field of African American poetry have been acknowledged with awards and honors from such organizations as the HistoryMakers Archives, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the College Language Association and the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, among many others. Her publications include \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSterling A. Brown: Building the Black Aesthetic Tradition\u003c/emph\u003e (1985), which was reissued in 1994 by the University Press of Virginia and the children's book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eI Bet She Called Me Sugar Plum\u003c/emph\u003e (2004). She also edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Furious Flowering of African American Poetry\u003c/emph\u003e (1999), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFurious Flower: African American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present\u003c/emph\u003e (2004), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFurious Flower: Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\u003c/emph\u003e (2020), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers\u003c/emph\u003e (2009), and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy\u003c/emph\u003e (2009). \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["A professor of English at James Madison University, Joanne Gabbin earned her B.A. from Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland in 1967, and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1970 and 1980, respectively. Gabbin taught at Roosevelt University, Chicago State University, and Lincoln University before she was hired at James Madison University in 1985 as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor. She became the director of the Honors Program (now the Honors College) in 1986, where she served for 19 years and founded many programs that define the Honors College today. ","In 1994, she organized the first Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which she held at JMU and in honor of Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks. The event was considered historic and likely the largest gathering of African American poets and literature scholars to that date. After a second successful conference a decade later, JMU chartered the Furious Flower Poetry Center in 2005, the nation's first academic center devoted to Black poetry. ","The author/editor of numerous books and founder of the Wintergreen Women Writers' Collective, Gabbin's contributions to the academic field of African American poetry have been acknowledged with awards and honors from such organizations as the HistoryMakers Archives, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the College Language Association and the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, among many others. Her publications include  Sterling A. Brown: Building the Black Aesthetic Tradition  (1985), which was reissued in 1994 by the University Press of Virginia and the children's book  I Bet She Called Me Sugar Plum  (2004). She also edited  The Furious Flowering of African American Poetry  (1999),  Furious Flower: African American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present  (2004),  Furious Flower: Seeding the Future of African American Poetry  (2020),  Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers  (2009), and  Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy  (2009). "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], undated, SC 0296, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], undated, SC 0296, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection was donated in clearly labeled folders housed in multiple cubic boxes. In Feburary 2017, Cardinal House experienced a flood as a result of plumbing issues. Materials in this collection were affected and may exhibit water damage. Processors used labels as direction for series arrangement, and focused on discards of duplicates and assessing water-damage materials. Afterwards, materials were moved to hollingers and additional accruals were integrated into the existing arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicate newspapers, newsletters, brochures, articles, etc. were discarded. Financial records including receipts, credit card and bank statements, and travel reimbursements were not retained and were discarded. Student records containing personally identifiable information (student identification numbers, GPAs, grades, etc.)—beyond what is considered directory information—were removed and discarded.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection was donated in clearly labeled folders housed in multiple cubic boxes. In Feburary 2017, Cardinal House experienced a flood as a result of plumbing issues. Materials in this collection were affected and may exhibit water damage. Processors used labels as direction for series arrangement, and focused on discards of duplicates and assessing water-damage materials. Afterwards, materials were moved to hollingers and additional accruals were integrated into the existing arrangement.","Duplicate newspapers, newsletters, brochures, articles, etc. were discarded. Financial records including receipts, credit card and bank statements, and travel reimbursements were not retained and were discarded. Student records containing personally identifiable information (student identification numbers, GPAs, grades, etc.)—beyond what is considered directory information—were removed and discarded."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1990-2014, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records, 1970-2015, UA 0018, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1990-2014, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records, 1970-2015, UA 0018, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center. The materials chiefly relate to her professional role as an influential figure in the African American literary community and include manuscripts she wrote or edited, notes and materials from events where she spoke or was featured, and her correspondence with publishers, professional organizations, and other members of the African American literary community. Other materials include articles for research or teaching purposes, syllabi, documents and correspondence related to her role as professor and head of the JMU Honors College, personal correspondence, and documents related to her role as director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center. The materials chiefly relate to her professional role as an influential figure in the African American literary community and include manuscripts she wrote or edited, notes and materials from events where she spoke or was featured, and her correspondence with publishers, professional organizations, and other members of the African American literary community. Other materials include articles for research or teaching purposes, syllabi, documents and correspondence related to her role as professor and head of the JMU Honors College, personal correspondence, and documents related to her role as director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThree poetry broadsides printed in 2017 at the Virginia Arts of the Book Center for the Virginia Festival of the Book - Heavenly Madrigal, Seasons Change Before We're Ready, and Zombie Blues Villanelle - were removed from the collection and cataloged individually. These broadsides are held by Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Three poetry broadsides printed in 2017 at the Virginia Arts of the Book Center for the Virginia Festival of the Book - Heavenly Madrigal, Seasons Change Before We're Ready, and Zombie Blues Villanelle - were removed from the collection and cataloged individually. These broadsides are held by Special Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f08c87141a4134568799bd39ab722aea\"\u003eThe Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Joanne V. Gabbin Papers, 1930-2017 [bulk 1960-2017], contain the professional, academic, and personal papers of Joanne V. Gabbin, professor of English at James Madison University and director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center."],"names_coll_ssim":["Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","James Madison University. Honors College","James Madison University. Honors Program","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","James Madison University. Honors College","James Madison University. Honors Program","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","James Madison University. Honors College","James Madison University. Honors Program"],"persname_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":389,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:58:18.993Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_627"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_632#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_632#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_632#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_632.xml","title_ssm":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1930-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1930-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0003","/repositories/4/resources/632"],"text":["SC 0003","/repositories/4/resources/632","Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Description and travel","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Politics and government","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","Virginia -- History, Local","City planning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","All slides within series 6: Photographs and Slides, have been digitized and are available within JMU Scholarly Commons  (https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/).","The papers are arranged in six series. Series 1: Reports and Series 2: City of Harrisonburg are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries arranged chronologically.","Reports, 1946-1992 City of Harrisonburg, 1958-2012 Personal Papers, 1952-2013 Scrapbooks and Newspaper, 1945-2012 Maps, 1958-2003 Photographs and Slides, circa 1930-2012","Robert \"Bobby\" James Sullivan Jr. was born on November 18, 1937 in Harrisonburg, Virginia and was the eldest son of the late Robert J. Sullivan Sr. and Goldie Liskey Sullivan. He passed away on February 4, 2013. Sullivan graduated from Harrisonburg High School in 1956 and received a Bachelor of Science degree from Mount St. Mary's College in 1960 and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1962. He married Kathleen Marie Donovan on June 27, 1964.","Sullivan was the City Planner for the city of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991 during the years that saw Urban Redevelopment for parts of the city as well as growth through annexation. He also taught as an adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science for James Madison University from 1970-2006. See folder titled \"Background Information, Robert J. Sullivan, Jr., August 1998\" from the Personal Papers series for details of his life and career.","Known locally as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg, Sullivan often spoke to groups about the history of Harrisonburg. He was responsible for creating walking tours of downtown Harrisonburg first with his JMU Political Science classes, and later with the larger community.","Sullivan was a life-long member of Blessed Sacrament parish and a member of the Knights of Columbus. He served on the Rockingham Public Library Board and the Salvation Army Advisory Board for over thirty years. He was especially fond of the Harrisonburg High School athletic teams and was recognized as the Harrisonburg Blue Streaks biggest fan when he was inducted into the Harrisonburg High School Hall of Fame as part of the inaugural class of 2008.","When this collection was received from the donor, some materials had been wet and suffered from mold damage. Materials with excessive water damage or mold were photocopied and the originals discarded.","SdArch 2-3 : Oral history interview [sound recording] / Bob Sullivan ; interviewed by Amy Accles, forms part of Court Square, Harrisonburg, Virginia, an oral history project. Transcript also available in Special Collections and the circulating collection: F234.H31 A29 1990.","The Harrisonburg, VA branch of the Massanutten Regional Library holds 36 scrapbooks created by Sullivan from the years 1965-2001. These scrapbooks are cataloged under the title \"Harrisonburg Civic Scrapbook.\"","The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of materials that Sullivan created and collected relating mostly to the city of Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he served as the City Planner from 1965-1991. The collection contains documents related to city planning, the history and expansion of Harrisonburg, and urban renewal. Other materials document his time in the Political Science Department at James Madison University as well as the walking tours he led of downtown Harrisonburg. His personal papers include newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other documents relating to his life and career. Also contained in the collection are a large number of photographs and slides that Sullivan took that capture the growth and changes in Harrisonburg over time. Images of note include a panoramic view of Harrisonburg ca. 1930, photos and slides that document urban renewal projects, and images of downtown Harrisonburg, VA from the 1960s-2000s.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History","Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen","Caldwell, Martha B. (Martha Belle), 1931-2020","Marshall, Caroline T., 1938-2018","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0003","/repositories/4/resources/632"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Description and travel","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Politics and government","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Description and travel","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Politics and government","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen"],"creator_ssim":["Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen"],"creators_ssim":["Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Description and travel","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Politics and government","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Kathleen Sullivan, wife of Robert James Sullivan Jr., in two separate donations in April 2014 and August 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["City planning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City planning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.53 cubic feet 12 boxes, 4 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["8.53 cubic feet 12 boxes, 4 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll slides within series 6: Photographs and Slides, have been digitized and are available within JMU Scholarly Commons \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/\"\u003e(https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/).\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["All slides within series 6: Photographs and Slides, have been digitized and are available within JMU Scholarly Commons  (https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in six series. Series 1: Reports and Series 2: City of Harrisonburg are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReports, 1946-1992\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCity of Harrisonburg, 1958-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1952-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eScrapbooks and Newspaper, 1945-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps, 1958-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs and Slides, circa 1930-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in six series. Series 1: Reports and Series 2: City of Harrisonburg are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries arranged chronologically.","Reports, 1946-1992 City of Harrisonburg, 1958-2012 Personal Papers, 1952-2013 Scrapbooks and Newspaper, 1945-2012 Maps, 1958-2003 Photographs and Slides, circa 1930-2012"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert \"Bobby\" James Sullivan Jr. was born on November 18, 1937 in Harrisonburg, Virginia and was the eldest son of the late Robert J. Sullivan Sr. and Goldie Liskey Sullivan. He passed away on February 4, 2013. Sullivan graduated from Harrisonburg High School in 1956 and received a Bachelor of Science degree from Mount St. Mary's College in 1960 and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1962. He married Kathleen Marie Donovan on June 27, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSullivan was the City Planner for the city of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991 during the years that saw Urban Redevelopment for parts of the city as well as growth through annexation. He also taught as an adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science for James Madison University from 1970-2006. See folder titled \"Background Information, Robert J. Sullivan, Jr., August 1998\" from the Personal Papers series for details of his life and career.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKnown locally as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg, Sullivan often spoke to groups about the history of Harrisonburg. He was responsible for creating walking tours of downtown Harrisonburg first with his JMU Political Science classes, and later with the larger community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSullivan was a life-long member of Blessed Sacrament parish and a member of the Knights of Columbus. He served on the Rockingham Public Library Board and the Salvation Army Advisory Board for over thirty years. He was especially fond of the Harrisonburg High School athletic teams and was recognized as the Harrisonburg Blue Streaks biggest fan when he was inducted into the Harrisonburg High School Hall of Fame as part of the inaugural class of 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert \"Bobby\" James Sullivan Jr. was born on November 18, 1937 in Harrisonburg, Virginia and was the eldest son of the late Robert J. Sullivan Sr. and Goldie Liskey Sullivan. He passed away on February 4, 2013. Sullivan graduated from Harrisonburg High School in 1956 and received a Bachelor of Science degree from Mount St. Mary's College in 1960 and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1962. He married Kathleen Marie Donovan on June 27, 1964.","Sullivan was the City Planner for the city of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991 during the years that saw Urban Redevelopment for parts of the city as well as growth through annexation. He also taught as an adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science for James Madison University from 1970-2006. See folder titled \"Background Information, Robert J. Sullivan, Jr., August 1998\" from the Personal Papers series for details of his life and career.","Known locally as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg, Sullivan often spoke to groups about the history of Harrisonburg. He was responsible for creating walking tours of downtown Harrisonburg first with his JMU Political Science classes, and later with the larger community.","Sullivan was a life-long member of Blessed Sacrament parish and a member of the Knights of Columbus. He served on the Rockingham Public Library Board and the Salvation Army Advisory Board for over thirty years. He was especially fond of the Harrisonburg High School athletic teams and was recognized as the Harrisonburg Blue Streaks biggest fan when he was inducted into the Harrisonburg High School Hall of Fame as part of the inaugural class of 2008."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers, circa 1930-2013, SC 0003, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers, circa 1930-2013, SC 0003, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen this collection was received from the donor, some materials had been wet and suffered from mold damage. Materials with excessive water damage or mold were photocopied and the originals discarded.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["When this collection was received from the donor, some materials had been wet and suffered from mold damage. Materials with excessive water damage or mold were photocopied and the originals discarded."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSdArch 2-3 : Oral history interview [sound recording] / Bob Sullivan ; interviewed by Amy Accles, forms part of Court Square, Harrisonburg, Virginia, an oral history project. Transcript also available in Special Collections and the circulating collection: F234.H31 A29 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Harrisonburg, VA branch of the Massanutten Regional Library holds 36 scrapbooks created by Sullivan from the years 1965-2001. These scrapbooks are cataloged under the title \"Harrisonburg Civic Scrapbook.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["SdArch 2-3 : Oral history interview [sound recording] / Bob Sullivan ; interviewed by Amy Accles, forms part of Court Square, Harrisonburg, Virginia, an oral history project. Transcript also available in Special Collections and the circulating collection: F234.H31 A29 1990.","The Harrisonburg, VA branch of the Massanutten Regional Library holds 36 scrapbooks created by Sullivan from the years 1965-2001. These scrapbooks are cataloged under the title \"Harrisonburg Civic Scrapbook.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of materials that Sullivan created and collected relating mostly to the city of Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he served as the City Planner from 1965-1991. The collection contains documents related to city planning, the history and expansion of Harrisonburg, and urban renewal. Other materials document his time in the Political Science Department at James Madison University as well as the walking tours he led of downtown Harrisonburg. His personal papers include newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other documents relating to his life and career. Also contained in the collection are a large number of photographs and slides that Sullivan took that capture the growth and changes in Harrisonburg over time. Images of note include a panoramic view of Harrisonburg ca. 1930, photos and slides that document urban renewal projects, and images of downtown Harrisonburg, VA from the 1960s-2000s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of materials that Sullivan created and collected relating mostly to the city of Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he served as the City Planner from 1965-1991. The collection contains documents related to city planning, the history and expansion of Harrisonburg, and urban renewal. Other materials document his time in the Political Science Department at James Madison University as well as the walking tours he led of downtown Harrisonburg. His personal papers include newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other documents relating to his life and career. Also contained in the collection are a large number of photographs and slides that Sullivan took that capture the growth and changes in Harrisonburg over time. Images of note include a panoramic view of Harrisonburg ca. 1930, photos and slides that document urban renewal projects, and images of downtown Harrisonburg, VA from the 1960s-2000s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5eed26077b3b31ac9a220ace1de85622\"\u003eThe Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History","Sullivan, Kathleen"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History","Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen","Caldwell, Martha B. (Martha Belle), 1931-2020","Marshall, Caroline T., 1938-2018"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen","Caldwell, Martha B. (Martha Belle), 1931-2020","Marshall, Caroline T., 1938-2018"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":302,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:58:53.073Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_632","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_632.xml","title_ssm":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1930-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1930-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0003","/repositories/4/resources/632"],"text":["SC 0003","/repositories/4/resources/632","Robert James Sullivan Jr. papers","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Description and travel","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Politics and government","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","Virginia -- History, Local","City planning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","All slides within series 6: Photographs and Slides, have been digitized and are available within JMU Scholarly Commons  (https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/).","The papers are arranged in six series. Series 1: Reports and Series 2: City of Harrisonburg are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries arranged chronologically.","Reports, 1946-1992 City of Harrisonburg, 1958-2012 Personal Papers, 1952-2013 Scrapbooks and Newspaper, 1945-2012 Maps, 1958-2003 Photographs and Slides, circa 1930-2012","Robert \"Bobby\" James Sullivan Jr. was born on November 18, 1937 in Harrisonburg, Virginia and was the eldest son of the late Robert J. Sullivan Sr. and Goldie Liskey Sullivan. He passed away on February 4, 2013. Sullivan graduated from Harrisonburg High School in 1956 and received a Bachelor of Science degree from Mount St. Mary's College in 1960 and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1962. He married Kathleen Marie Donovan on June 27, 1964.","Sullivan was the City Planner for the city of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991 during the years that saw Urban Redevelopment for parts of the city as well as growth through annexation. He also taught as an adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science for James Madison University from 1970-2006. See folder titled \"Background Information, Robert J. Sullivan, Jr., August 1998\" from the Personal Papers series for details of his life and career.","Known locally as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg, Sullivan often spoke to groups about the history of Harrisonburg. He was responsible for creating walking tours of downtown Harrisonburg first with his JMU Political Science classes, and later with the larger community.","Sullivan was a life-long member of Blessed Sacrament parish and a member of the Knights of Columbus. He served on the Rockingham Public Library Board and the Salvation Army Advisory Board for over thirty years. He was especially fond of the Harrisonburg High School athletic teams and was recognized as the Harrisonburg Blue Streaks biggest fan when he was inducted into the Harrisonburg High School Hall of Fame as part of the inaugural class of 2008.","When this collection was received from the donor, some materials had been wet and suffered from mold damage. Materials with excessive water damage or mold were photocopied and the originals discarded.","SdArch 2-3 : Oral history interview [sound recording] / Bob Sullivan ; interviewed by Amy Accles, forms part of Court Square, Harrisonburg, Virginia, an oral history project. Transcript also available in Special Collections and the circulating collection: F234.H31 A29 1990.","The Harrisonburg, VA branch of the Massanutten Regional Library holds 36 scrapbooks created by Sullivan from the years 1965-2001. These scrapbooks are cataloged under the title \"Harrisonburg Civic Scrapbook.\"","The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of materials that Sullivan created and collected relating mostly to the city of Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he served as the City Planner from 1965-1991. The collection contains documents related to city planning, the history and expansion of Harrisonburg, and urban renewal. Other materials document his time in the Political Science Department at James Madison University as well as the walking tours he led of downtown Harrisonburg. His personal papers include newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other documents relating to his life and career. Also contained in the collection are a large number of photographs and slides that Sullivan took that capture the growth and changes in Harrisonburg over time. Images of note include a panoramic view of Harrisonburg ca. 1930, photos and slides that document urban renewal projects, and images of downtown Harrisonburg, VA from the 1960s-2000s.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History","Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen","Caldwell, Martha B. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Kathleen Sullivan, wife of Robert James Sullivan Jr., in two separate donations in April 2014 and August 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["City planning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City planning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.53 cubic feet 12 boxes, 4 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["8.53 cubic feet 12 boxes, 4 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Color slides","Digital images","Photographs","Annual reports","Maps (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Scrapbooks","Pamphlets","Drawings (visual works)","Brochures"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. 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Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll slides within series 6: Photographs and Slides, have been digitized and are available within JMU Scholarly Commons \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/\"\u003e(https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/).\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["All slides within series 6: Photographs and Slides, have been digitized and are available within JMU Scholarly Commons  (https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/rjs/)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in six series. Series 1: Reports and Series 2: City of Harrisonburg are arranged further into subseries. 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All series and subseries arranged chronologically.","Reports, 1946-1992 City of Harrisonburg, 1958-2012 Personal Papers, 1952-2013 Scrapbooks and Newspaper, 1945-2012 Maps, 1958-2003 Photographs and Slides, circa 1930-2012"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert \"Bobby\" James Sullivan Jr. was born on November 18, 1937 in Harrisonburg, Virginia and was the eldest son of the late Robert J. Sullivan Sr. and Goldie Liskey Sullivan. He passed away on February 4, 2013. Sullivan graduated from Harrisonburg High School in 1956 and received a Bachelor of Science degree from Mount St. Mary's College in 1960 and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1962. He married Kathleen Marie Donovan on June 27, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSullivan was the City Planner for the city of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991 during the years that saw Urban Redevelopment for parts of the city as well as growth through annexation. He also taught as an adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science for James Madison University from 1970-2006. See folder titled \"Background Information, Robert J. Sullivan, Jr., August 1998\" from the Personal Papers series for details of his life and career.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKnown locally as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg, Sullivan often spoke to groups about the history of Harrisonburg. He was responsible for creating walking tours of downtown Harrisonburg first with his JMU Political Science classes, and later with the larger community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSullivan was a life-long member of Blessed Sacrament parish and a member of the Knights of Columbus. He served on the Rockingham Public Library Board and the Salvation Army Advisory Board for over thirty years. He was especially fond of the Harrisonburg High School athletic teams and was recognized as the Harrisonburg Blue Streaks biggest fan when he was inducted into the Harrisonburg High School Hall of Fame as part of the inaugural class of 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert \"Bobby\" James Sullivan Jr. was born on November 18, 1937 in Harrisonburg, Virginia and was the eldest son of the late Robert J. Sullivan Sr. and Goldie Liskey Sullivan. He passed away on February 4, 2013. Sullivan graduated from Harrisonburg High School in 1956 and received a Bachelor of Science degree from Mount St. Mary's College in 1960 and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1962. He married Kathleen Marie Donovan on June 27, 1964.","Sullivan was the City Planner for the city of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991 during the years that saw Urban Redevelopment for parts of the city as well as growth through annexation. He also taught as an adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science for James Madison University from 1970-2006. See folder titled \"Background Information, Robert J. Sullivan, Jr., August 1998\" from the Personal Papers series for details of his life and career.","Known locally as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg, Sullivan often spoke to groups about the history of Harrisonburg. He was responsible for creating walking tours of downtown Harrisonburg first with his JMU Political Science classes, and later with the larger community.","Sullivan was a life-long member of Blessed Sacrament parish and a member of the Knights of Columbus. He served on the Rockingham Public Library Board and the Salvation Army Advisory Board for over thirty years. He was especially fond of the Harrisonburg High School athletic teams and was recognized as the Harrisonburg Blue Streaks biggest fan when he was inducted into the Harrisonburg High School Hall of Fame as part of the inaugural class of 2008."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers, circa 1930-2013, SC 0003, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers, circa 1930-2013, SC 0003, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen this collection was received from the donor, some materials had been wet and suffered from mold damage. Materials with excessive water damage or mold were photocopied and the originals discarded.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["When this collection was received from the donor, some materials had been wet and suffered from mold damage. Materials with excessive water damage or mold were photocopied and the originals discarded."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSdArch 2-3 : Oral history interview [sound recording] / Bob Sullivan ; interviewed by Amy Accles, forms part of Court Square, Harrisonburg, Virginia, an oral history project. Transcript also available in Special Collections and the circulating collection: F234.H31 A29 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Harrisonburg, VA branch of the Massanutten Regional Library holds 36 scrapbooks created by Sullivan from the years 1965-2001. These scrapbooks are cataloged under the title \"Harrisonburg Civic Scrapbook.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["SdArch 2-3 : Oral history interview [sound recording] / Bob Sullivan ; interviewed by Amy Accles, forms part of Court Square, Harrisonburg, Virginia, an oral history project. Transcript also available in Special Collections and the circulating collection: F234.H31 A29 1990.","The Harrisonburg, VA branch of the Massanutten Regional Library holds 36 scrapbooks created by Sullivan from the years 1965-2001. These scrapbooks are cataloged under the title \"Harrisonburg Civic Scrapbook.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of materials that Sullivan created and collected relating mostly to the city of Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he served as the City Planner from 1965-1991. The collection contains documents related to city planning, the history and expansion of Harrisonburg, and urban renewal. Other materials document his time in the Political Science Department at James Madison University as well as the walking tours he led of downtown Harrisonburg. His personal papers include newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other documents relating to his life and career. Also contained in the collection are a large number of photographs and slides that Sullivan took that capture the growth and changes in Harrisonburg over time. Images of note include a panoramic view of Harrisonburg ca. 1930, photos and slides that document urban renewal projects, and images of downtown Harrisonburg, VA from the 1960s-2000s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of materials that Sullivan created and collected relating mostly to the city of Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he served as the City Planner from 1965-1991. The collection contains documents related to city planning, the history and expansion of Harrisonburg, and urban renewal. Other materials document his time in the Political Science Department at James Madison University as well as the walking tours he led of downtown Harrisonburg. His personal papers include newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other documents relating to his life and career. Also contained in the collection are a large number of photographs and slides that Sullivan took that capture the growth and changes in Harrisonburg over time. Images of note include a panoramic view of Harrisonburg ca. 1930, photos and slides that document urban renewal projects, and images of downtown Harrisonburg, VA from the 1960s-2000s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5eed26077b3b31ac9a220ace1de85622\"\u003eThe Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Robert James Sullivan Jr. Papers consist of professional and personal records and reports, and document Sullivan's time as City Planner of Harrisonburg from 1965-1991, his career in the Political Science Department at James Madison University, and work as the \"unofficial historian\" of Harrisonburg. Materials include city planning reports, newspaper articles, photographs, scrapbooks, and maps."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History","Sullivan, Kathleen"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History","Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen","Caldwell, Martha B. (Martha Belle), 1931-2020","Marshall, Caroline T., 1938-2018"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Sullivan, Robert James, Jr., 1937-2013","Sullivan, Kathleen","Caldwell, Martha B. (Martha Belle), 1931-2020","Marshall, Caroline T., 1938-2018"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":302,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:58:53.073Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_632"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_644#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Toliver, Ruth M.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_644#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_644#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_644.xml","title_ssm":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1875-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1875-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0313","/repositories/4/resources/644"],"text":["SC 0313","/repositories/4/resources/644","Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","African Americans -- Education","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American churches -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","George Newman's manuscript and the individual photographs comprising the twelve tri-folds were digitized per the donor's request. George Newman's speech was also digitized. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request.","Newman's manuscript \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" was published for the first time in 2025 and edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. It is available in printed form or online at  https://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/ .","The collection is arranged chronologically with the exception of the Gerald Harris and Wendell Temple papers which are intellectually and physically arranged as sub-groups at the end of the collection.","George Newman's manuscript is housed in one folder and two archival quality binders. The first two manuscript pages are on legal sized paper and were removed to a folder to ensure their physical integrity. Folder 1 includes manuscript pages 1-2. Binder 1 includes manuscript pages 3-140. The first four manuscript pages, approximately, were transcribed at an unknown time and are included in binder 1. Binder 2 includes manuscript pages 141-480. Missing pages are outlined in the Scope and Content note. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order. Each page is individually sleeved with a few exceptions, for example when it was discovered during scanning that two pages were in the same sleeve. In these instances the pages were kept in the same sleeve but repositioned so that both could be viewed.","Toliver, Ruth M. Keeping Up With Yesterday. Olney, MD: Lowell A. or Ruth M. Toliver, 2009.","Toliver, Ruth M. History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906. Gaithersburg, MD: Signature Books, 1998.","Obituary for Austin G. Harris, Daily News-Record, April 8, 2005.","Ruth M. Toliver is a retired English teacher, local and family historian, and the author of   History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906  (1998) and  Keeping Up With Yesterday  (2009). She is the daughter of Eugene Murdock and Myrtle Newman Murdock (1901-2000) and the granddaughter of George Ambrose Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. Ruth Toliver inherited many of the family papers that comprise this collection from her cousin Wendell Temple (d. 2005), son of Ruby Newman Temple. She married Lowell Toliver, son of Theodore Tolliver (1902-1967) and Phoebe Harper Tolliver (1906-1982). Lowell Toliver, who was born and raised in Harrisonburg, entered the U. S. Army in January 1953 and it was at this point that the spelling of his last name changed from Tolliver to Toliver.","Born February 4, 1855 in Winchester, Virginia to free Black parents, George Ambrose Newman moved to Harrisonburg in 1875 to serve as principal of the local African American school. Newman learned to read and write at an early age and also pursued his interests in music. He served for 33 years as a teacher and administrator in the city school system—chiefly at the Effinger Street School—and also held teaching positions in Warren County, Augusta County, and West Virginia. Six of Newman's children also pursued teaching and began their careers in Rockingham County. Along with Ulysses G. Wilson, local educator and half-brother of Lucy F. Simms, Newman paid the poll taxes of local Black men in response to disenfranchisement tactics during segregation. In addition to being an influential educator Newman was a minister, musician, a member of the Mt. Zion Lodge of Masons in Staunton, and a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church (variously known as John Wesley Methodist Church and John Wesley M. E. Church) in Harrisonburg. Outside of teaching, Newman took positions as an agent of the Internal Revenue Service and a U.S. Deputy Marshall. ","George A. Newman married Margaret \"Maggie\" Dallard (1859-1887), daughter of Ambrose and Harriett Dallard, in 1877 and together they had four children. After Maggie's death in 1887, George Newman married Maggie's sister, Mary F. Dallard (1869-1968), as was Ghanian tradition. They had ten children. Newman is remembered as a trailblazing member of Harrisonburg's early African American community and a respected educational leader. Per his obituary, Newman had started his 66th reading of the Bible just months prior to his death. Newman passed away on April 6, 1944 at the age of 89.","Ruby Edith Newman (1898-1983) was born in Harrisonburg to George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. She married Junius Leroy Temple in 1920. Ruby Newman Temple was a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church and served for many years as the secretary of the church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS). WSCS met monthly at either the church or the home of a society member.","Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) was born in Harrisonburg to Carlotta Newman Harris and Austin St. Clair \"Dick\" Harris. He was the grandson of George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman on his mother's side and W. N. P. Harris and Geraldine Robinson Harris on his father's side. Harris attended Lucy F. Simms School and while a student entered a local \"How To Beautify Your City\" contest sponsored by the Spotswood Garden Club's Road Beautification Committee. Due to Harrisonburg and Rockingham County's connection to turkeys, Harris submitted the idea and complementary design for turkey monuments to be placed at the highway approaches to Rockingham County. Harris's submission was selected as the winner and the monuments were subsequently dedicated in December 1955. Harris also attended Banneker Junior High School and Theodore Roosevelt High School in Washington, DC. After graduation from Roosevelt, Harris matriculated at Howard University where he graduated in 1964. While a student at Howard, Harris was a member of the ROTC. Harris obtained his master's degree from Syracuse University and later worked at Niagara Mohawk Power Company (Syracuse) and Associated Utilities Company (New Jersey).","Wendell Ambrose Temple (1923-2005) was born in Harrisonburg, Virginia to Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983) and Junius Leroy Temple (1898-1937). Locally, he attended Effinger High School and Lucy F. Simms School. He was an accomplished pianist and musician, and described as a child prodigy in the local newspaper. As a youth, Temple won state-wide music contests and performed at Harrisonburg's State Theater. He received his early training almost exclusively by local music instructor Thurston DeMasters. Temple graduated from Oberlin Conservatory of Music and the University of Iowa. He taught at Florida A\u0026M University and Wilberforce University.","George A. Newman, Ruby Newman Temple, and Gerald Harris are all buried in Newtown Cemetery along with many of their immediate and extended family members.","Beyond the Newman family, much of this collection more generally documents Newtown, Harrisonburg's historically African American community located in the northeast section of the city. After Emancipation, this area was settled by formerly enslaved people who began purchasing lots in the Zirkle addition which was farmland located on the northeast edge of town that was newly opened up to residential development. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harrisonburg engaged in urban renewal (Project R4) during which the city identified \"blight\" areas and after acquiring homes and land under eminent domain, sold the property to developers. As a result many Black-owned homes and businesses in the Newtown area were razed, and community members were forced to relocate.","A portion of the original photographs copied for the tri-folds were provided to the Tolivers by community and family members.","George Newman's manuscript was digitized per the donor's request in February 2021. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request. Numerous manuscript pages have writing on their verso side (back) though these were not scanned. All of those pages were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","Original description of the photographs created by the donor was largely retained within descriptive elements of the container list (e.g. thematic titles of tri-folds and item-level titles).","Loose programs and handwritten documents were removed from George Newman's notebook documenting the history of the John Wesley M. E. Church and arranged according to material type.","Materials related to Gerald Harris were largely kept in the same topical order in which they were received.","Allison Lyttle, JMU Libraries Music \u0026 Media Metadata Specialist, assisted in identifying, sorting, and describing Wendell Temple's sheet music which was donated in no discernable order.","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Records, 1892-1905. Accession 37081, Church records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandson Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","According to Ruth Toliver, George A. Newman's 480-page manuscript titled \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" is a work of fiction with autobiographical elements. The manuscript is divided into 40 chapters and begins: \"A finer estate than that of Joshua Sowers could not be found in all Virginia. We will not give the exact date, let it suffice for us to say we begin our story April the first, in a certain part of the nineteenth century. The morning was a clear, beautiful one. We locate the scene of our story in the county of Frederick, a short distance from the then small town of Winchester. The estate was rightly named Brookland, for the land was covered with brooks. Mr. Sowers owned a large mill.\" Newman introduces a character named William G. Reed as the hero of the story who is leaving Brookland for Chicago. While not explicitly discussed in the manuscript, it is presumed that both Sowers and Reed are white men. African American characters include Jack, Joshua Sowers's \"faithful servant;\" Aunt Sally, the Sowers' enslaved cook; and George, a free child who lived with Sowers. Researchers should note that the manuscript contains the use of racial slurs and further, the enslaved African American characters are depicted as speaking in a stereotypical dialect as was common practice in late 19th century American literature. George, on the other hand, \"had learned to read and write and he always spoke very fluently.\" ","The manuscript was published for the first time in 2025 by James Madison University Libraries Press Books and was edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. The back cover book blurb provides the following context and summary:  \"In the mid-1870s, a young African American educator arrived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he wrote a novel about antebellum life in the Shenandoah Valley. George A. Newman's A Miserable Revenge: A Story of Life in Virginia appears here in print for the first time, nearly 150 years after its composition. The earliest known example of a 'white life' novel--a Black-authored novel about white protagonists--A Miserable Revenge is set in and around Winchester, Virginia, in the 1840s. It draws on the sensationalist conventions of popular fiction of the time to spin a story of dark secrets, lost relatives, mistaken identities, crime and detection, and romance. In the novel, Newman describes the relationship between free and enslaved Black Virginians, drawing on his experience as a free Black child indentured to a white landowner in Winchester before the Civil War.\"","The manuscript pages are numbered in the same hand as the manuscript (George A. Newman's). The following pages are not extant and are missing from the manuscript entirely: pages 71-72, 76-82, 84, 267, 272-275, 289-291, and 375. Newman's page number for page 331 was torn away and at a later time was numbered as page 332, but contextual clues confirm that it is in fact page 331. The page was marked as such by the archivist and the incorrect page number was also retained. Only two pages are present between pages 346-349, and for both of the extant pages the page numbers are at least partially torn away rendering them illegible and their exact order unclear. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","While the manuscript is undated, writings potentially in Newman's hand and appearing on select verso pages date to 1875 and 1876. Editors of the published version of the manuscript date the document to mid-1870s. The aforementioned writings largely appear to be handwriting exercises or draft correspondence and also include a nine page essay titled \"An Essay on Truth\" which begins on the verso of page 391 continuing through page 409 on the odd page numbers with a few pages skipped. While undated, context clues within the essay, specifically an anecdote regarding New York Senator Roscoe Conkling recently returning from Europe, suggest a date of 1877. Internal evidence suggests that the remarks were likely given by Newman to the local order of the African American fraternal organization Independent Sons and Daughters of Purity, only identified in the essay by the abbreviation \"I. S. \u0026 D. P.\" and \"Sons \u0026 D. of P.\" In this same essay, Newman writes about having to keep his remarks brief due to an upcoming teacher's examination. All of the manuscript pages with writing on their versos were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper.","George Newman's speech \"Observations on the Negro Problem\" primarily concerns education with commentary on industrial education, choice of occupation, and a comparison of education funding for American Indian students vs. African American students. Newman also discusses the topic of African colonization of Black individuals as proposed by \"so-called statesmen and mis-named philanthropists.\" Newman argues \"It is paradoxical to speak of sending him to a place when he is already there. We are to the manor born. This is now our native home....\" Newman recognizes that certain voting laws that require meeting educational and property qualifications are examples of \"adverse legislation,\" but argues that they might be a \"blessing in disguise.\" Newman concludes with a call for an equitably educated citizenry regardless of status. Edits made to the speech suggest that it may have originally been written circa 1902 and presented again in 1913. As such, a date of 1913 is applied to the speech given the contextual clues within despite the document being undated. A draft transcript created by Special Collections staff is filed with the speech.","Twelve cardboard tri-folds compiled by Lowell Toliver include approximately 133 facsimile photographs documenting people and places in Newtown and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood. The photograph descriptions were also compiled by Toliver as was the thematic arrangement of each tri-fold. Family names of people identified in the photographs include Harper, Tolliver/Toliver, Sampson, Yokley, Newman, Bundy, Dallard, Temple, Vickers, Brown, Nickens, and Johnson. Local churches and schools include John Wesley Methodist Church, Bethel AME Church, Effinger Street School, and Simms School. Researchers should note that the surname Toliver is spelled variously as Tolover, Tolliver, etc. in the collection. Lowell Toliver's last name was changed slightly from Tolliver to Toliver when he enlisted in the military.","Six minute books document the financial and administrative functions of the John Wesley Methodist Church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS) between 1943 and 1976. Ruby Newman Temple served as WSCS's secretary for a period of time and kept monthly minutes for the society. Member lists and membership dues are also documented in the minute books. WSCS meetings typically included prayer, scripture reading, hymn singing, a business report, and a program or a topic of discussion. WSCS engaged in community outreach by providing Christmas baskets for the sick in the community, sending sympathy cards, and making charitable donations. The Ruby Newman Temple correspondence primarily relates to her work with WSCS. ","Other materials related to John Wesley Methodist Church include anniversary programs as well as member lists and a brief church history compiled by George Newman. Printed materials related to the United Methodist Church but not specific to John Wesley Methodist Church are also included. ","Four hand-colored sketches by George A. Newman, son of Frederick Newman (1883-1959) are dated August 28, 1929. ","Materials related to Gerald Harris largely concern his design of the turkey monuments that are located on the highway approaches into Harrisonburg and his schooling and coursework at Lucy F. Simms School, Banneker Junior High School, Theodore Roosevelt Senior High School, and Howard University. Report cards and tuition receipts are included. Of interest is a 1954 letter from A. M. Stitt, Lucy F. Simms School principal, certifying that Harris was vaccinated as well as Harris's polio vaccination card.","Materials created by Wendell Temple primarily comprise original handwritten sheet music for piano. Pieces specifically written for the organ, pianoforte, and violin are also included. The bulk of the sheet music is undated but likely dates to the mid-1930s to late 1940s. The compositions are in various states of completeness and order. Sheet music was written on lined notebook paper, blank pages of voter rolls for the 1928 presidential election, and the back of letterhead for the Castle Hall of Rockingham Star Lodge No. 72 Knights of Pythias and the Democratic Campaign Committee. Additional papers include correspondence from Temple to his mother Ruby Newman Temple and an Effinger High School report card.","One copy of the pamphlet Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the John Wesley Methodist Church, Harrisonburg, Virginia, October 20th through 27th, 1940 was removed from the collection and cataloged separately as part of Special Collections' rare book holdings. A second copy remains in the collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Newtown, Rockingham County, Va.)","Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005","Allen, Doris Harper, 1927-2021","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Fairfax, Mary Awkard, 1912-2006","Harris, W.N.P. (William Nelson Pendleton), 1881-1977","Dickerson, Eugene, (Physician)","Friml, Rudolf, 1879-1972","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0313","/repositories/4/resources/644"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"creator_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"creators_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"places_ssim":["Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections by Ruth and Lowell Toliver in February 2021. Ruth Toliver is George A. Newman's granddaughter. The Tolivers made additional donations in September 2021, October 2021, and January 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Education","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American churches -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Education","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American churches -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.8 cubic feet in 3 boxes and 12 tri-folds"],"extent_tesim":["3.8 cubic feet in 3 boxes and 12 tri-folds"],"genreform_ssim":["Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music"],"date_range_isim":[1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's manuscript and the individual photographs comprising the twelve tri-folds were digitized per the donor's request. George Newman's speech was also digitized. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewman's manuscript \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" was published for the first time in 2025 and edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. It is available in printed form or online at \u003cextref href=\"https://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/\" show=\"new\"\u003ehttps://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["George Newman's manuscript and the individual photographs comprising the twelve tri-folds were digitized per the donor's request. George Newman's speech was also digitized. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request.","Newman's manuscript \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" was published for the first time in 2025 and edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. It is available in printed form or online at  https://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/ ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with the exception of the Gerald Harris and Wendell Temple papers which are intellectually and physically arranged as sub-groups at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's manuscript is housed in one folder and two archival quality binders. The first two manuscript pages are on legal sized paper and were removed to a folder to ensure their physical integrity. Folder 1 includes manuscript pages 1-2. Binder 1 includes manuscript pages 3-140. The first four manuscript pages, approximately, were transcribed at an unknown time and are included in binder 1. Binder 2 includes manuscript pages 141-480. Missing pages are outlined in the Scope and Content note. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order. Each page is individually sleeved with a few exceptions, for example when it was discovered during scanning that two pages were in the same sleeve. In these instances the pages were kept in the same sleeve but repositioned so that both could be viewed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with the exception of the Gerald Harris and Wendell Temple papers which are intellectually and physically arranged as sub-groups at the end of the collection.","George Newman's manuscript is housed in one folder and two archival quality binders. The first two manuscript pages are on legal sized paper and were removed to a folder to ensure their physical integrity. Folder 1 includes manuscript pages 1-2. Binder 1 includes manuscript pages 3-140. The first four manuscript pages, approximately, were transcribed at an unknown time and are included in binder 1. Binder 2 includes manuscript pages 141-480. Missing pages are outlined in the Scope and Content note. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order. Each page is individually sleeved with a few exceptions, for example when it was discovered during scanning that two pages were in the same sleeve. In these instances the pages were kept in the same sleeve but repositioned so that both could be viewed."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eToliver, Ruth M. Keeping Up With Yesterday. Olney, MD: Lowell A. or Ruth M. Toliver, 2009.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eToliver, Ruth M. History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906. Gaithersburg, MD: Signature Books, 1998.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Austin G. Harris, Daily News-Record, April 8, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Toliver, Ruth M. Keeping Up With Yesterday. Olney, MD: Lowell A. or Ruth M. Toliver, 2009.","Toliver, Ruth M. History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906. Gaithersburg, MD: Signature Books, 1998.","Obituary for Austin G. Harris, Daily News-Record, April 8, 2005."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRuth M. Toliver is a retired English teacher, local and family historian, and the author of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906\u003c/emph\u003e (1998) and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKeeping Up With Yesterday\u003c/emph\u003e (2009). She is the daughter of Eugene Murdock and Myrtle Newman Murdock (1901-2000) and the granddaughter of George Ambrose Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. Ruth Toliver inherited many of the family papers that comprise this collection from her cousin Wendell Temple (d. 2005), son of Ruby Newman Temple. She married Lowell Toliver, son of Theodore Tolliver (1902-1967) and Phoebe Harper Tolliver (1906-1982). Lowell Toliver, who was born and raised in Harrisonburg, entered the U. S. Army in January 1953 and it was at this point that the spelling of his last name changed from Tolliver to Toliver.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn February 4, 1855 in Winchester, Virginia to free Black parents, George Ambrose Newman moved to Harrisonburg in 1875 to serve as principal of the local African American school. Newman learned to read and write at an early age and also pursued his interests in music. He served for 33 years as a teacher and administrator in the city school system—chiefly at the Effinger Street School—and also held teaching positions in Warren County, Augusta County, and West Virginia. Six of Newman's children also pursued teaching and began their careers in Rockingham County. Along with Ulysses G. Wilson, local educator and half-brother of Lucy F. Simms, Newman paid the poll taxes of local Black men in response to disenfranchisement tactics during segregation. In addition to being an influential educator Newman was a minister, musician, a member of the Mt. Zion Lodge of Masons in Staunton, and a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church (variously known as John Wesley Methodist Church and John Wesley M. E. Church) in Harrisonburg. Outside of teaching, Newman took positions as an agent of the Internal Revenue Service and a U.S. Deputy Marshall. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge A. Newman married Margaret \"Maggie\" Dallard (1859-1887), daughter of Ambrose and Harriett Dallard, in 1877 and together they had four children. After Maggie's death in 1887, George Newman married Maggie's sister, Mary F. Dallard (1869-1968), as was Ghanian tradition. They had ten children. Newman is remembered as a trailblazing member of Harrisonburg's early African American community and a respected educational leader. Per his obituary, Newman had started his 66th reading of the Bible just months prior to his death. Newman passed away on April 6, 1944 at the age of 89.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRuby Edith Newman (1898-1983) was born in Harrisonburg to George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. She married Junius Leroy Temple in 1920. Ruby Newman Temple was a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church and served for many years as the secretary of the church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS). WSCS met monthly at either the church or the home of a society member.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAustin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) was born in Harrisonburg to Carlotta Newman Harris and Austin St. Clair \"Dick\" Harris. He was the grandson of George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman on his mother's side and W. N. P. Harris and Geraldine Robinson Harris on his father's side. Harris attended Lucy F. Simms School and while a student entered a local \"How To Beautify Your City\" contest sponsored by the Spotswood Garden Club's Road Beautification Committee. Due to Harrisonburg and Rockingham County's connection to turkeys, Harris submitted the idea and complementary design for turkey monuments to be placed at the highway approaches to Rockingham County. Harris's submission was selected as the winner and the monuments were subsequently dedicated in December 1955. Harris also attended Banneker Junior High School and Theodore Roosevelt High School in Washington, DC. After graduation from Roosevelt, Harris matriculated at Howard University where he graduated in 1964. While a student at Howard, Harris was a member of the ROTC. Harris obtained his master's degree from Syracuse University and later worked at Niagara Mohawk Power Company (Syracuse) and Associated Utilities Company (New Jersey).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWendell Ambrose Temple (1923-2005) was born in Harrisonburg, Virginia to Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983) and Junius Leroy Temple (1898-1937). Locally, he attended Effinger High School and Lucy F. Simms School. He was an accomplished pianist and musician, and described as a child prodigy in the local newspaper. As a youth, Temple won state-wide music contests and performed at Harrisonburg's State Theater. He received his early training almost exclusively by local music instructor Thurston DeMasters. Temple graduated from Oberlin Conservatory of Music and the University of Iowa. He taught at Florida A\u0026amp;M University and Wilberforce University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge A. Newman, Ruby Newman Temple, and Gerald Harris are all buried in Newtown Cemetery along with many of their immediate and extended family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeyond the Newman family, much of this collection more generally documents Newtown, Harrisonburg's historically African American community located in the northeast section of the city. After Emancipation, this area was settled by formerly enslaved people who began purchasing lots in the Zirkle addition which was farmland located on the northeast edge of town that was newly opened up to residential development. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harrisonburg engaged in urban renewal (Project R4) during which the city identified \"blight\" areas and after acquiring homes and land under eminent domain, sold the property to developers. As a result many Black-owned homes and businesses in the Newtown area were razed, and community members were forced to relocate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ruth M. Toliver is a retired English teacher, local and family historian, and the author of   History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906  (1998) and  Keeping Up With Yesterday  (2009). She is the daughter of Eugene Murdock and Myrtle Newman Murdock (1901-2000) and the granddaughter of George Ambrose Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. Ruth Toliver inherited many of the family papers that comprise this collection from her cousin Wendell Temple (d. 2005), son of Ruby Newman Temple. She married Lowell Toliver, son of Theodore Tolliver (1902-1967) and Phoebe Harper Tolliver (1906-1982). Lowell Toliver, who was born and raised in Harrisonburg, entered the U. S. Army in January 1953 and it was at this point that the spelling of his last name changed from Tolliver to Toliver.","Born February 4, 1855 in Winchester, Virginia to free Black parents, George Ambrose Newman moved to Harrisonburg in 1875 to serve as principal of the local African American school. Newman learned to read and write at an early age and also pursued his interests in music. He served for 33 years as a teacher and administrator in the city school system—chiefly at the Effinger Street School—and also held teaching positions in Warren County, Augusta County, and West Virginia. Six of Newman's children also pursued teaching and began their careers in Rockingham County. Along with Ulysses G. Wilson, local educator and half-brother of Lucy F. Simms, Newman paid the poll taxes of local Black men in response to disenfranchisement tactics during segregation. In addition to being an influential educator Newman was a minister, musician, a member of the Mt. Zion Lodge of Masons in Staunton, and a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church (variously known as John Wesley Methodist Church and John Wesley M. E. Church) in Harrisonburg. Outside of teaching, Newman took positions as an agent of the Internal Revenue Service and a U.S. Deputy Marshall. ","George A. Newman married Margaret \"Maggie\" Dallard (1859-1887), daughter of Ambrose and Harriett Dallard, in 1877 and together they had four children. After Maggie's death in 1887, George Newman married Maggie's sister, Mary F. Dallard (1869-1968), as was Ghanian tradition. They had ten children. Newman is remembered as a trailblazing member of Harrisonburg's early African American community and a respected educational leader. Per his obituary, Newman had started his 66th reading of the Bible just months prior to his death. Newman passed away on April 6, 1944 at the age of 89.","Ruby Edith Newman (1898-1983) was born in Harrisonburg to George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. She married Junius Leroy Temple in 1920. Ruby Newman Temple was a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church and served for many years as the secretary of the church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS). WSCS met monthly at either the church or the home of a society member.","Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) was born in Harrisonburg to Carlotta Newman Harris and Austin St. Clair \"Dick\" Harris. He was the grandson of George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman on his mother's side and W. N. P. Harris and Geraldine Robinson Harris on his father's side. Harris attended Lucy F. Simms School and while a student entered a local \"How To Beautify Your City\" contest sponsored by the Spotswood Garden Club's Road Beautification Committee. Due to Harrisonburg and Rockingham County's connection to turkeys, Harris submitted the idea and complementary design for turkey monuments to be placed at the highway approaches to Rockingham County. Harris's submission was selected as the winner and the monuments were subsequently dedicated in December 1955. Harris also attended Banneker Junior High School and Theodore Roosevelt High School in Washington, DC. After graduation from Roosevelt, Harris matriculated at Howard University where he graduated in 1964. While a student at Howard, Harris was a member of the ROTC. Harris obtained his master's degree from Syracuse University and later worked at Niagara Mohawk Power Company (Syracuse) and Associated Utilities Company (New Jersey).","Wendell Ambrose Temple (1923-2005) was born in Harrisonburg, Virginia to Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983) and Junius Leroy Temple (1898-1937). Locally, he attended Effinger High School and Lucy F. Simms School. He was an accomplished pianist and musician, and described as a child prodigy in the local newspaper. As a youth, Temple won state-wide music contests and performed at Harrisonburg's State Theater. He received his early training almost exclusively by local music instructor Thurston DeMasters. Temple graduated from Oberlin Conservatory of Music and the University of Iowa. He taught at Florida A\u0026M University and Wilberforce University.","George A. Newman, Ruby Newman Temple, and Gerald Harris are all buried in Newtown Cemetery along with many of their immediate and extended family members.","Beyond the Newman family, much of this collection more generally documents Newtown, Harrisonburg's historically African American community located in the northeast section of the city. After Emancipation, this area was settled by formerly enslaved people who began purchasing lots in the Zirkle addition which was farmland located on the northeast edge of town that was newly opened up to residential development. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harrisonburg engaged in urban renewal (Project R4) during which the city identified \"blight\" areas and after acquiring homes and land under eminent domain, sold the property to developers. As a result many Black-owned homes and businesses in the Newtown area were razed, and community members were forced to relocate."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the original photographs copied for the tri-folds were provided to the Tolivers by community and family members.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["A portion of the original photographs copied for the tri-folds were provided to the Tolivers by community and family members."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, SC 0313, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, SC 0313, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's manuscript was digitized per the donor's request in February 2021. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request. Numerous manuscript pages have writing on their verso side (back) though these were not scanned. All of those pages were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal description of the photographs created by the donor was largely retained within descriptive elements of the container list (e.g. thematic titles of tri-folds and item-level titles).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose programs and handwritten documents were removed from George Newman's notebook documenting the history of the John Wesley M. E. Church and arranged according to material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Gerald Harris were largely kept in the same topical order in which they were received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllison Lyttle, JMU Libraries Music \u0026amp; Media Metadata Specialist, assisted in identifying, sorting, and describing Wendell Temple's sheet music which was donated in no discernable order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["George Newman's manuscript was digitized per the donor's request in February 2021. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request. Numerous manuscript pages have writing on their verso side (back) though these were not scanned. All of those pages were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","Original description of the photographs created by the donor was largely retained within descriptive elements of the container list (e.g. thematic titles of tri-folds and item-level titles).","Loose programs and handwritten documents were removed from George Newman's notebook documenting the history of the John Wesley M. E. Church and arranged according to material type.","Materials related to Gerald Harris were largely kept in the same topical order in which they were received.","Allison Lyttle, JMU Libraries Music \u0026 Media Metadata Specialist, assisted in identifying, sorting, and describing Wendell Temple's sheet music which was donated in no discernable order."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Records, 1892-1905. Accession 37081, Church records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Records, 1892-1905. Accession 37081, Church records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandson Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Ruth Toliver, George A. Newman's 480-page manuscript titled \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" is a work of fiction with autobiographical elements. The manuscript is divided into 40 chapters and begins: \"A finer estate than that of Joshua Sowers could not be found in all Virginia. We will not give the exact date, let it suffice for us to say we begin our story April the first, in a certain part of the nineteenth century. The morning was a clear, beautiful one. We locate the scene of our story in the county of Frederick, a short distance from the then small town of Winchester. The estate was rightly named Brookland, for the land was covered with brooks. Mr. Sowers owned a large mill.\" Newman introduces a character named William G. Reed as the hero of the story who is leaving Brookland for Chicago. While not explicitly discussed in the manuscript, it is presumed that both Sowers and Reed are white men. African American characters include Jack, Joshua Sowers's \"faithful servant;\" Aunt Sally, the Sowers' enslaved cook; and George, a free child who lived with Sowers. Researchers should note that the manuscript contains the use of racial slurs and further, the enslaved African American characters are depicted as speaking in a stereotypical dialect as was common practice in late 19th century American literature. George, on the other hand, \"had learned to read and write and he always spoke very fluently.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript was published for the first time in 2025 by James Madison University Libraries Press Books and was edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. The back cover book blurb provides the following context and summary: \u003cblockquote\u003e\"In the mid-1870s, a young African American educator arrived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he wrote a novel about antebellum life in the Shenandoah Valley. George A. Newman's A Miserable Revenge: A Story of Life in Virginia appears here in print for the first time, nearly 150 years after its composition. The earliest known example of a 'white life' novel--a Black-authored novel about white protagonists--A Miserable Revenge is set in and around Winchester, Virginia, in the 1840s. It draws on the sensationalist conventions of popular fiction of the time to spin a story of dark secrets, lost relatives, mistaken identities, crime and detection, and romance. In the novel, Newman describes the relationship between free and enslaved Black Virginians, drawing on his experience as a free Black child indentured to a white landowner in Winchester before the Civil War.\"\u003c/blockquote\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript pages are numbered in the same hand as the manuscript (George A. Newman's). The following pages are not extant and are missing from the manuscript entirely: pages 71-72, 76-82, 84, 267, 272-275, 289-291, and 375. Newman's page number for page 331 was torn away and at a later time was numbered as page 332, but contextual clues confirm that it is in fact page 331. The page was marked as such by the archivist and the incorrect page number was also retained. Only two pages are present between pages 346-349, and for both of the extant pages the page numbers are at least partially torn away rendering them illegible and their exact order unclear. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the manuscript is undated, writings potentially in Newman's hand and appearing on select verso pages date to 1875 and 1876. Editors of the published version of the manuscript date the document to mid-1870s. The aforementioned writings largely appear to be handwriting exercises or draft correspondence and also include a nine page essay titled \"An Essay on Truth\" which begins on the verso of page 391 continuing through page 409 on the odd page numbers with a few pages skipped. While undated, context clues within the essay, specifically an anecdote regarding New York Senator Roscoe Conkling recently returning from Europe, suggest a date of 1877. Internal evidence suggests that the remarks were likely given by Newman to the local order of the African American fraternal organization Independent Sons and Daughters of Purity, only identified in the essay by the abbreviation \"I. S. \u0026amp; D. P.\" and \"Sons \u0026amp; D. of P.\" In this same essay, Newman writes about having to keep his remarks brief due to an upcoming teacher's examination. All of the manuscript pages with writing on their versos were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's speech \"Observations on the Negro Problem\" primarily concerns education with commentary on industrial education, choice of occupation, and a comparison of education funding for American Indian students vs. African American students. Newman also discusses the topic of African colonization of Black individuals as proposed by \"so-called statesmen and mis-named philanthropists.\" Newman argues \"It is paradoxical to speak of sending him to a place when he is already there. We are to the manor born. This is now our native home....\" Newman recognizes that certain voting laws that require meeting educational and property qualifications are examples of \"adverse legislation,\" but argues that they might be a \"blessing in disguise.\" Newman concludes with a call for an equitably educated citizenry regardless of status. Edits made to the speech suggest that it may have originally been written circa 1902 and presented again in 1913. As such, a date of 1913 is applied to the speech given the contextual clues within despite the document being undated. A draft transcript created by Special Collections staff is filed with the speech.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwelve cardboard tri-folds compiled by Lowell Toliver include approximately 133 facsimile photographs documenting people and places in Newtown and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood. The photograph descriptions were also compiled by Toliver as was the thematic arrangement of each tri-fold. Family names of people identified in the photographs include Harper, Tolliver/Toliver, Sampson, Yokley, Newman, Bundy, Dallard, Temple, Vickers, Brown, Nickens, and Johnson. Local churches and schools include John Wesley Methodist Church, Bethel AME Church, Effinger Street School, and Simms School. Researchers should note that the surname Toliver is spelled variously as Tolover, Tolliver, etc. in the collection. Lowell Toliver's last name was changed slightly from Tolliver to Toliver when he enlisted in the military.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSix minute books document the financial and administrative functions of the John Wesley Methodist Church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS) between 1943 and 1976. Ruby Newman Temple served as WSCS's secretary for a period of time and kept monthly minutes for the society. Member lists and membership dues are also documented in the minute books. WSCS meetings typically included prayer, scripture reading, hymn singing, a business report, and a program or a topic of discussion. WSCS engaged in community outreach by providing Christmas baskets for the sick in the community, sending sympathy cards, and making charitable donations. The Ruby Newman Temple correspondence primarily relates to her work with WSCS. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther materials related to John Wesley Methodist Church include anniversary programs as well as member lists and a brief church history compiled by George Newman. Printed materials related to the United Methodist Church but not specific to John Wesley Methodist Church are also included. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour hand-colored sketches by George A. Newman, son of Frederick Newman (1883-1959) are dated August 28, 1929. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Gerald Harris largely concern his design of the turkey monuments that are located on the highway approaches into Harrisonburg and his schooling and coursework at Lucy F. Simms School, Banneker Junior High School, Theodore Roosevelt Senior High School, and Howard University. Report cards and tuition receipts are included. Of interest is a 1954 letter from A. M. Stitt, Lucy F. Simms School principal, certifying that Harris was vaccinated as well as Harris's polio vaccination card.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials created by Wendell Temple primarily comprise original handwritten sheet music for piano. Pieces specifically written for the organ, pianoforte, and violin are also included. The bulk of the sheet music is undated but likely dates to the mid-1930s to late 1940s. The compositions are in various states of completeness and order. Sheet music was written on lined notebook paper, blank pages of voter rolls for the 1928 presidential election, and the back of letterhead for the Castle Hall of Rockingham Star Lodge No. 72 Knights of Pythias and the Democratic Campaign Committee. Additional papers include correspondence from Temple to his mother Ruby Newman Temple and an Effinger High School report card.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandson Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","According to Ruth Toliver, George A. Newman's 480-page manuscript titled \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" is a work of fiction with autobiographical elements. The manuscript is divided into 40 chapters and begins: \"A finer estate than that of Joshua Sowers could not be found in all Virginia. We will not give the exact date, let it suffice for us to say we begin our story April the first, in a certain part of the nineteenth century. The morning was a clear, beautiful one. We locate the scene of our story in the county of Frederick, a short distance from the then small town of Winchester. The estate was rightly named Brookland, for the land was covered with brooks. Mr. Sowers owned a large mill.\" Newman introduces a character named William G. Reed as the hero of the story who is leaving Brookland for Chicago. While not explicitly discussed in the manuscript, it is presumed that both Sowers and Reed are white men. African American characters include Jack, Joshua Sowers's \"faithful servant;\" Aunt Sally, the Sowers' enslaved cook; and George, a free child who lived with Sowers. Researchers should note that the manuscript contains the use of racial slurs and further, the enslaved African American characters are depicted as speaking in a stereotypical dialect as was common practice in late 19th century American literature. George, on the other hand, \"had learned to read and write and he always spoke very fluently.\" ","The manuscript was published for the first time in 2025 by James Madison University Libraries Press Books and was edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. The back cover book blurb provides the following context and summary:  \"In the mid-1870s, a young African American educator arrived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he wrote a novel about antebellum life in the Shenandoah Valley. George A. Newman's A Miserable Revenge: A Story of Life in Virginia appears here in print for the first time, nearly 150 years after its composition. The earliest known example of a 'white life' novel--a Black-authored novel about white protagonists--A Miserable Revenge is set in and around Winchester, Virginia, in the 1840s. It draws on the sensationalist conventions of popular fiction of the time to spin a story of dark secrets, lost relatives, mistaken identities, crime and detection, and romance. In the novel, Newman describes the relationship between free and enslaved Black Virginians, drawing on his experience as a free Black child indentured to a white landowner in Winchester before the Civil War.\"","The manuscript pages are numbered in the same hand as the manuscript (George A. Newman's). The following pages are not extant and are missing from the manuscript entirely: pages 71-72, 76-82, 84, 267, 272-275, 289-291, and 375. Newman's page number for page 331 was torn away and at a later time was numbered as page 332, but contextual clues confirm that it is in fact page 331. The page was marked as such by the archivist and the incorrect page number was also retained. Only two pages are present between pages 346-349, and for both of the extant pages the page numbers are at least partially torn away rendering them illegible and their exact order unclear. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","While the manuscript is undated, writings potentially in Newman's hand and appearing on select verso pages date to 1875 and 1876. Editors of the published version of the manuscript date the document to mid-1870s. The aforementioned writings largely appear to be handwriting exercises or draft correspondence and also include a nine page essay titled \"An Essay on Truth\" which begins on the verso of page 391 continuing through page 409 on the odd page numbers with a few pages skipped. While undated, context clues within the essay, specifically an anecdote regarding New York Senator Roscoe Conkling recently returning from Europe, suggest a date of 1877. Internal evidence suggests that the remarks were likely given by Newman to the local order of the African American fraternal organization Independent Sons and Daughters of Purity, only identified in the essay by the abbreviation \"I. S. \u0026 D. P.\" and \"Sons \u0026 D. of P.\" In this same essay, Newman writes about having to keep his remarks brief due to an upcoming teacher's examination. All of the manuscript pages with writing on their versos were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper.","George Newman's speech \"Observations on the Negro Problem\" primarily concerns education with commentary on industrial education, choice of occupation, and a comparison of education funding for American Indian students vs. African American students. Newman also discusses the topic of African colonization of Black individuals as proposed by \"so-called statesmen and mis-named philanthropists.\" Newman argues \"It is paradoxical to speak of sending him to a place when he is already there. We are to the manor born. This is now our native home....\" Newman recognizes that certain voting laws that require meeting educational and property qualifications are examples of \"adverse legislation,\" but argues that they might be a \"blessing in disguise.\" Newman concludes with a call for an equitably educated citizenry regardless of status. Edits made to the speech suggest that it may have originally been written circa 1902 and presented again in 1913. As such, a date of 1913 is applied to the speech given the contextual clues within despite the document being undated. A draft transcript created by Special Collections staff is filed with the speech.","Twelve cardboard tri-folds compiled by Lowell Toliver include approximately 133 facsimile photographs documenting people and places in Newtown and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood. The photograph descriptions were also compiled by Toliver as was the thematic arrangement of each tri-fold. Family names of people identified in the photographs include Harper, Tolliver/Toliver, Sampson, Yokley, Newman, Bundy, Dallard, Temple, Vickers, Brown, Nickens, and Johnson. Local churches and schools include John Wesley Methodist Church, Bethel AME Church, Effinger Street School, and Simms School. Researchers should note that the surname Toliver is spelled variously as Tolover, Tolliver, etc. in the collection. Lowell Toliver's last name was changed slightly from Tolliver to Toliver when he enlisted in the military.","Six minute books document the financial and administrative functions of the John Wesley Methodist Church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS) between 1943 and 1976. Ruby Newman Temple served as WSCS's secretary for a period of time and kept monthly minutes for the society. Member lists and membership dues are also documented in the minute books. WSCS meetings typically included prayer, scripture reading, hymn singing, a business report, and a program or a topic of discussion. WSCS engaged in community outreach by providing Christmas baskets for the sick in the community, sending sympathy cards, and making charitable donations. The Ruby Newman Temple correspondence primarily relates to her work with WSCS. ","Other materials related to John Wesley Methodist Church include anniversary programs as well as member lists and a brief church history compiled by George Newman. Printed materials related to the United Methodist Church but not specific to John Wesley Methodist Church are also included. ","Four hand-colored sketches by George A. Newman, son of Frederick Newman (1883-1959) are dated August 28, 1929. ","Materials related to Gerald Harris largely concern his design of the turkey monuments that are located on the highway approaches into Harrisonburg and his schooling and coursework at Lucy F. Simms School, Banneker Junior High School, Theodore Roosevelt Senior High School, and Howard University. Report cards and tuition receipts are included. Of interest is a 1954 letter from A. M. Stitt, Lucy F. Simms School principal, certifying that Harris was vaccinated as well as Harris's polio vaccination card.","Materials created by Wendell Temple primarily comprise original handwritten sheet music for piano. Pieces specifically written for the organ, pianoforte, and violin are also included. The bulk of the sheet music is undated but likely dates to the mid-1930s to late 1940s. The compositions are in various states of completeness and order. Sheet music was written on lined notebook paper, blank pages of voter rolls for the 1928 presidential election, and the back of letterhead for the Castle Hall of Rockingham Star Lodge No. 72 Knights of Pythias and the Democratic Campaign Committee. Additional papers include correspondence from Temple to his mother Ruby Newman Temple and an Effinger High School report card."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne copy of the pamphlet Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the John Wesley Methodist Church, Harrisonburg, Virginia, October 20th through 27th, 1940 was removed from the collection and cataloged separately as part of Special Collections' rare book holdings. A second copy remains in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One copy of the pamphlet Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the John Wesley Methodist Church, Harrisonburg, Virginia, October 20th through 27th, 1940 was removed from the collection and cataloged separately as part of Special Collections' rare book holdings. A second copy remains in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4bcb0d86958b487646d5b5f8bec1dc4e\"\u003eThe Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown."],"names_coll_ssim":["Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Newtown, Rockingham County, Va.)","Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005","Allen, Doris Harper, 1927-2021","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Fairfax, Mary Awkard, 1912-2006","Harris, W.N.P. (William Nelson Pendleton), 1881-1977","Dickerson, Eugene, (Physician)","Friml, Rudolf, 1879-1972"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Newtown, Rockingham County, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005","Allen, Doris Harper, 1927-2021","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Fairfax, Mary Awkard, 1912-2006","Harris, W.N.P. (William Nelson Pendleton), 1881-1977","Dickerson, Eugene, (Physician)","Friml, Rudolf, 1879-1972"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":192,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:09.496Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_644","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_644.xml","title_ssm":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1875-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1875-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0313","/repositories/4/resources/644"],"text":["SC 0313","/repositories/4/resources/644","Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers","Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)","African Americans -- Education","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American churches -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","George Newman's manuscript and the individual photographs comprising the twelve tri-folds were digitized per the donor's request. George Newman's speech was also digitized. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request.","Newman's manuscript \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" was published for the first time in 2025 and edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. It is available in printed form or online at  https://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/ .","The collection is arranged chronologically with the exception of the Gerald Harris and Wendell Temple papers which are intellectually and physically arranged as sub-groups at the end of the collection.","George Newman's manuscript is housed in one folder and two archival quality binders. The first two manuscript pages are on legal sized paper and were removed to a folder to ensure their physical integrity. Folder 1 includes manuscript pages 1-2. Binder 1 includes manuscript pages 3-140. The first four manuscript pages, approximately, were transcribed at an unknown time and are included in binder 1. Binder 2 includes manuscript pages 141-480. Missing pages are outlined in the Scope and Content note. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order. Each page is individually sleeved with a few exceptions, for example when it was discovered during scanning that two pages were in the same sleeve. In these instances the pages were kept in the same sleeve but repositioned so that both could be viewed.","Toliver, Ruth M. Keeping Up With Yesterday. Olney, MD: Lowell A. or Ruth M. Toliver, 2009.","Toliver, Ruth M. History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906. Gaithersburg, MD: Signature Books, 1998.","Obituary for Austin G. Harris, Daily News-Record, April 8, 2005.","Ruth M. Toliver is a retired English teacher, local and family historian, and the author of   History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906  (1998) and  Keeping Up With Yesterday  (2009). She is the daughter of Eugene Murdock and Myrtle Newman Murdock (1901-2000) and the granddaughter of George Ambrose Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. Ruth Toliver inherited many of the family papers that comprise this collection from her cousin Wendell Temple (d. 2005), son of Ruby Newman Temple. She married Lowell Toliver, son of Theodore Tolliver (1902-1967) and Phoebe Harper Tolliver (1906-1982). Lowell Toliver, who was born and raised in Harrisonburg, entered the U. S. Army in January 1953 and it was at this point that the spelling of his last name changed from Tolliver to Toliver.","Born February 4, 1855 in Winchester, Virginia to free Black parents, George Ambrose Newman moved to Harrisonburg in 1875 to serve as principal of the local African American school. Newman learned to read and write at an early age and also pursued his interests in music. He served for 33 years as a teacher and administrator in the city school system—chiefly at the Effinger Street School—and also held teaching positions in Warren County, Augusta County, and West Virginia. Six of Newman's children also pursued teaching and began their careers in Rockingham County. Along with Ulysses G. Wilson, local educator and half-brother of Lucy F. Simms, Newman paid the poll taxes of local Black men in response to disenfranchisement tactics during segregation. In addition to being an influential educator Newman was a minister, musician, a member of the Mt. Zion Lodge of Masons in Staunton, and a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church (variously known as John Wesley Methodist Church and John Wesley M. E. Church) in Harrisonburg. Outside of teaching, Newman took positions as an agent of the Internal Revenue Service and a U.S. Deputy Marshall. ","George A. Newman married Margaret \"Maggie\" Dallard (1859-1887), daughter of Ambrose and Harriett Dallard, in 1877 and together they had four children. After Maggie's death in 1887, George Newman married Maggie's sister, Mary F. Dallard (1869-1968), as was Ghanian tradition. They had ten children. Newman is remembered as a trailblazing member of Harrisonburg's early African American community and a respected educational leader. Per his obituary, Newman had started his 66th reading of the Bible just months prior to his death. Newman passed away on April 6, 1944 at the age of 89.","Ruby Edith Newman (1898-1983) was born in Harrisonburg to George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. She married Junius Leroy Temple in 1920. Ruby Newman Temple was a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church and served for many years as the secretary of the church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS). WSCS met monthly at either the church or the home of a society member.","Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) was born in Harrisonburg to Carlotta Newman Harris and Austin St. Clair \"Dick\" Harris. He was the grandson of George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman on his mother's side and W. N. P. Harris and Geraldine Robinson Harris on his father's side. Harris attended Lucy F. Simms School and while a student entered a local \"How To Beautify Your City\" contest sponsored by the Spotswood Garden Club's Road Beautification Committee. Due to Harrisonburg and Rockingham County's connection to turkeys, Harris submitted the idea and complementary design for turkey monuments to be placed at the highway approaches to Rockingham County. Harris's submission was selected as the winner and the monuments were subsequently dedicated in December 1955. Harris also attended Banneker Junior High School and Theodore Roosevelt High School in Washington, DC. After graduation from Roosevelt, Harris matriculated at Howard University where he graduated in 1964. While a student at Howard, Harris was a member of the ROTC. Harris obtained his master's degree from Syracuse University and later worked at Niagara Mohawk Power Company (Syracuse) and Associated Utilities Company (New Jersey).","Wendell Ambrose Temple (1923-2005) was born in Harrisonburg, Virginia to Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983) and Junius Leroy Temple (1898-1937). Locally, he attended Effinger High School and Lucy F. Simms School. He was an accomplished pianist and musician, and described as a child prodigy in the local newspaper. As a youth, Temple won state-wide music contests and performed at Harrisonburg's State Theater. He received his early training almost exclusively by local music instructor Thurston DeMasters. Temple graduated from Oberlin Conservatory of Music and the University of Iowa. He taught at Florida A\u0026M University and Wilberforce University.","George A. Newman, Ruby Newman Temple, and Gerald Harris are all buried in Newtown Cemetery along with many of their immediate and extended family members.","Beyond the Newman family, much of this collection more generally documents Newtown, Harrisonburg's historically African American community located in the northeast section of the city. After Emancipation, this area was settled by formerly enslaved people who began purchasing lots in the Zirkle addition which was farmland located on the northeast edge of town that was newly opened up to residential development. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harrisonburg engaged in urban renewal (Project R4) during which the city identified \"blight\" areas and after acquiring homes and land under eminent domain, sold the property to developers. As a result many Black-owned homes and businesses in the Newtown area were razed, and community members were forced to relocate.","A portion of the original photographs copied for the tri-folds were provided to the Tolivers by community and family members.","George Newman's manuscript was digitized per the donor's request in February 2021. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request. Numerous manuscript pages have writing on their verso side (back) though these were not scanned. All of those pages were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","Original description of the photographs created by the donor was largely retained within descriptive elements of the container list (e.g. thematic titles of tri-folds and item-level titles).","Loose programs and handwritten documents were removed from George Newman's notebook documenting the history of the John Wesley M. E. Church and arranged according to material type.","Materials related to Gerald Harris were largely kept in the same topical order in which they were received.","Allison Lyttle, JMU Libraries Music \u0026 Media Metadata Specialist, assisted in identifying, sorting, and describing Wendell Temple's sheet music which was donated in no discernable order.","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Records, 1892-1905. Accession 37081, Church records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandson Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","According to Ruth Toliver, George A. Newman's 480-page manuscript titled \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" is a work of fiction with autobiographical elements. The manuscript is divided into 40 chapters and begins: \"A finer estate than that of Joshua Sowers could not be found in all Virginia. We will not give the exact date, let it suffice for us to say we begin our story April the first, in a certain part of the nineteenth century. The morning was a clear, beautiful one. We locate the scene of our story in the county of Frederick, a short distance from the then small town of Winchester. The estate was rightly named Brookland, for the land was covered with brooks. Mr. Sowers owned a large mill.\" Newman introduces a character named William G. Reed as the hero of the story who is leaving Brookland for Chicago. While not explicitly discussed in the manuscript, it is presumed that both Sowers and Reed are white men. African American characters include Jack, Joshua Sowers's \"faithful servant;\" Aunt Sally, the Sowers' enslaved cook; and George, a free child who lived with Sowers. Researchers should note that the manuscript contains the use of racial slurs and further, the enslaved African American characters are depicted as speaking in a stereotypical dialect as was common practice in late 19th century American literature. George, on the other hand, \"had learned to read and write and he always spoke very fluently.\" ","The manuscript was published for the first time in 2025 by James Madison University Libraries Press Books and was edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. The back cover book blurb provides the following context and summary:  \"In the mid-1870s, a young African American educator arrived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he wrote a novel about antebellum life in the Shenandoah Valley. George A. Newman's A Miserable Revenge: A Story of Life in Virginia appears here in print for the first time, nearly 150 years after its composition. The earliest known example of a 'white life' novel--a Black-authored novel about white protagonists--A Miserable Revenge is set in and around Winchester, Virginia, in the 1840s. It draws on the sensationalist conventions of popular fiction of the time to spin a story of dark secrets, lost relatives, mistaken identities, crime and detection, and romance. In the novel, Newman describes the relationship between free and enslaved Black Virginians, drawing on his experience as a free Black child indentured to a white landowner in Winchester before the Civil War.\"","The manuscript pages are numbered in the same hand as the manuscript (George A. Newman's). The following pages are not extant and are missing from the manuscript entirely: pages 71-72, 76-82, 84, 267, 272-275, 289-291, and 375. Newman's page number for page 331 was torn away and at a later time was numbered as page 332, but contextual clues confirm that it is in fact page 331. The page was marked as such by the archivist and the incorrect page number was also retained. Only two pages are present between pages 346-349, and for both of the extant pages the page numbers are at least partially torn away rendering them illegible and their exact order unclear. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","While the manuscript is undated, writings potentially in Newman's hand and appearing on select verso pages date to 1875 and 1876. Editors of the published version of the manuscript date the document to mid-1870s. The aforementioned writings largely appear to be handwriting exercises or draft correspondence and also include a nine page essay titled \"An Essay on Truth\" which begins on the verso of page 391 continuing through page 409 on the odd page numbers with a few pages skipped. While undated, context clues within the essay, specifically an anecdote regarding New York Senator Roscoe Conkling recently returning from Europe, suggest a date of 1877. Internal evidence suggests that the remarks were likely given by Newman to the local order of the African American fraternal organization Independent Sons and Daughters of Purity, only identified in the essay by the abbreviation \"I. S. \u0026 D. P.\" and \"Sons \u0026 D. of P.\" In this same essay, Newman writes about having to keep his remarks brief due to an upcoming teacher's examination. All of the manuscript pages with writing on their versos were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper.","George Newman's speech \"Observations on the Negro Problem\" primarily concerns education with commentary on industrial education, choice of occupation, and a comparison of education funding for American Indian students vs. African American students. Newman also discusses the topic of African colonization of Black individuals as proposed by \"so-called statesmen and mis-named philanthropists.\" Newman argues \"It is paradoxical to speak of sending him to a place when he is already there. We are to the manor born. This is now our native home....\" Newman recognizes that certain voting laws that require meeting educational and property qualifications are examples of \"adverse legislation,\" but argues that they might be a \"blessing in disguise.\" Newman concludes with a call for an equitably educated citizenry regardless of status. Edits made to the speech suggest that it may have originally been written circa 1902 and presented again in 1913. As such, a date of 1913 is applied to the speech given the contextual clues within despite the document being undated. A draft transcript created by Special Collections staff is filed with the speech.","Twelve cardboard tri-folds compiled by Lowell Toliver include approximately 133 facsimile photographs documenting people and places in Newtown and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood. The photograph descriptions were also compiled by Toliver as was the thematic arrangement of each tri-fold. Family names of people identified in the photographs include Harper, Tolliver/Toliver, Sampson, Yokley, Newman, Bundy, Dallard, Temple, Vickers, Brown, Nickens, and Johnson. Local churches and schools include John Wesley Methodist Church, Bethel AME Church, Effinger Street School, and Simms School. Researchers should note that the surname Toliver is spelled variously as Tolover, Tolliver, etc. in the collection. Lowell Toliver's last name was changed slightly from Tolliver to Toliver when he enlisted in the military.","Six minute books document the financial and administrative functions of the John Wesley Methodist Church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS) between 1943 and 1976. Ruby Newman Temple served as WSCS's secretary for a period of time and kept monthly minutes for the society. Member lists and membership dues are also documented in the minute books. WSCS meetings typically included prayer, scripture reading, hymn singing, a business report, and a program or a topic of discussion. WSCS engaged in community outreach by providing Christmas baskets for the sick in the community, sending sympathy cards, and making charitable donations. The Ruby Newman Temple correspondence primarily relates to her work with WSCS. ","Other materials related to John Wesley Methodist Church include anniversary programs as well as member lists and a brief church history compiled by George Newman. Printed materials related to the United Methodist Church but not specific to John Wesley Methodist Church are also included. ","Four hand-colored sketches by George A. Newman, son of Frederick Newman (1883-1959) are dated August 28, 1929. ","Materials related to Gerald Harris largely concern his design of the turkey monuments that are located on the highway approaches into Harrisonburg and his schooling and coursework at Lucy F. Simms School, Banneker Junior High School, Theodore Roosevelt Senior High School, and Howard University. Report cards and tuition receipts are included. Of interest is a 1954 letter from A. M. Stitt, Lucy F. Simms School principal, certifying that Harris was vaccinated as well as Harris's polio vaccination card.","Materials created by Wendell Temple primarily comprise original handwritten sheet music for piano. Pieces specifically written for the organ, pianoforte, and violin are also included. The bulk of the sheet music is undated but likely dates to the mid-1930s to late 1940s. The compositions are in various states of completeness and order. Sheet music was written on lined notebook paper, blank pages of voter rolls for the 1928 presidential election, and the back of letterhead for the Castle Hall of Rockingham Star Lodge No. 72 Knights of Pythias and the Democratic Campaign Committee. Additional papers include correspondence from Temple to his mother Ruby Newman Temple and an Effinger High School report card.","One copy of the pamphlet Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the John Wesley Methodist Church, Harrisonburg, Virginia, October 20th through 27th, 1940 was removed from the collection and cataloged separately as part of Special Collections' rare book holdings. A second copy remains in the collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Newtown, Rockingham County, Va.)","Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005","Allen, Doris Harper, 1927-2021","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Fairfax, Mary Awkard, 1912-2006","Harris, W.N.P. (William Nelson Pendleton), 1881-1977","Dickerson, Eugene, (Physician)","Friml, Rudolf, 1879-1972","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0313","/repositories/4/resources/644"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"creator_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"creators_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005"],"places_ssim":["Newtown (Rockingham County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections by Ruth and Lowell Toliver in February 2021. Ruth Toliver is George A. Newman's granddaughter. The Tolivers made additional donations in September 2021, October 2021, and January 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Education","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American churches -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Education","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","African American churches -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.8 cubic feet in 3 boxes and 12 tri-folds"],"extent_tesim":["3.8 cubic feet in 3 boxes and 12 tri-folds"],"genreform_ssim":["Family papers","Photographs","Minutes (administrative records)","Manuscripts (documents)","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Pamphlets","Speeches (Documents)","Brochures","Church records","Sheet music"],"date_range_isim":[1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's manuscript and the individual photographs comprising the twelve tri-folds were digitized per the donor's request. George Newman's speech was also digitized. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewman's manuscript \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" was published for the first time in 2025 and edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. It is available in printed form or online at \u003cextref href=\"https://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/\" show=\"new\"\u003ehttps://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["George Newman's manuscript and the individual photographs comprising the twelve tri-folds were digitized per the donor's request. George Newman's speech was also digitized. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request.","Newman's manuscript \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" was published for the first time in 2025 and edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. It is available in printed form or online at  https://pressbooks.lib.jmu.edu/newmanmiserablerevenge/ ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with the exception of the Gerald Harris and Wendell Temple papers which are intellectually and physically arranged as sub-groups at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's manuscript is housed in one folder and two archival quality binders. The first two manuscript pages are on legal sized paper and were removed to a folder to ensure their physical integrity. Folder 1 includes manuscript pages 1-2. Binder 1 includes manuscript pages 3-140. The first four manuscript pages, approximately, were transcribed at an unknown time and are included in binder 1. Binder 2 includes manuscript pages 141-480. Missing pages are outlined in the Scope and Content note. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order. Each page is individually sleeved with a few exceptions, for example when it was discovered during scanning that two pages were in the same sleeve. In these instances the pages were kept in the same sleeve but repositioned so that both could be viewed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with the exception of the Gerald Harris and Wendell Temple papers which are intellectually and physically arranged as sub-groups at the end of the collection.","George Newman's manuscript is housed in one folder and two archival quality binders. The first two manuscript pages are on legal sized paper and were removed to a folder to ensure their physical integrity. Folder 1 includes manuscript pages 1-2. Binder 1 includes manuscript pages 3-140. The first four manuscript pages, approximately, were transcribed at an unknown time and are included in binder 1. Binder 2 includes manuscript pages 141-480. Missing pages are outlined in the Scope and Content note. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order. Each page is individually sleeved with a few exceptions, for example when it was discovered during scanning that two pages were in the same sleeve. In these instances the pages were kept in the same sleeve but repositioned so that both could be viewed."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eToliver, Ruth M. Keeping Up With Yesterday. Olney, MD: Lowell A. or Ruth M. Toliver, 2009.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eToliver, Ruth M. History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906. Gaithersburg, MD: Signature Books, 1998.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Austin G. Harris, Daily News-Record, April 8, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Toliver, Ruth M. Keeping Up With Yesterday. Olney, MD: Lowell A. or Ruth M. Toliver, 2009.","Toliver, Ruth M. History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906. Gaithersburg, MD: Signature Books, 1998.","Obituary for Austin G. Harris, Daily News-Record, April 8, 2005."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRuth M. Toliver is a retired English teacher, local and family historian, and the author of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906\u003c/emph\u003e (1998) and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKeeping Up With Yesterday\u003c/emph\u003e (2009). She is the daughter of Eugene Murdock and Myrtle Newman Murdock (1901-2000) and the granddaughter of George Ambrose Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. Ruth Toliver inherited many of the family papers that comprise this collection from her cousin Wendell Temple (d. 2005), son of Ruby Newman Temple. She married Lowell Toliver, son of Theodore Tolliver (1902-1967) and Phoebe Harper Tolliver (1906-1982). Lowell Toliver, who was born and raised in Harrisonburg, entered the U. S. Army in January 1953 and it was at this point that the spelling of his last name changed from Tolliver to Toliver.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn February 4, 1855 in Winchester, Virginia to free Black parents, George Ambrose Newman moved to Harrisonburg in 1875 to serve as principal of the local African American school. Newman learned to read and write at an early age and also pursued his interests in music. He served for 33 years as a teacher and administrator in the city school system—chiefly at the Effinger Street School—and also held teaching positions in Warren County, Augusta County, and West Virginia. Six of Newman's children also pursued teaching and began their careers in Rockingham County. Along with Ulysses G. Wilson, local educator and half-brother of Lucy F. Simms, Newman paid the poll taxes of local Black men in response to disenfranchisement tactics during segregation. In addition to being an influential educator Newman was a minister, musician, a member of the Mt. Zion Lodge of Masons in Staunton, and a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church (variously known as John Wesley Methodist Church and John Wesley M. E. Church) in Harrisonburg. Outside of teaching, Newman took positions as an agent of the Internal Revenue Service and a U.S. Deputy Marshall. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge A. Newman married Margaret \"Maggie\" Dallard (1859-1887), daughter of Ambrose and Harriett Dallard, in 1877 and together they had four children. After Maggie's death in 1887, George Newman married Maggie's sister, Mary F. Dallard (1869-1968), as was Ghanian tradition. They had ten children. Newman is remembered as a trailblazing member of Harrisonburg's early African American community and a respected educational leader. Per his obituary, Newman had started his 66th reading of the Bible just months prior to his death. Newman passed away on April 6, 1944 at the age of 89.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRuby Edith Newman (1898-1983) was born in Harrisonburg to George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. She married Junius Leroy Temple in 1920. Ruby Newman Temple was a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church and served for many years as the secretary of the church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS). WSCS met monthly at either the church or the home of a society member.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAustin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) was born in Harrisonburg to Carlotta Newman Harris and Austin St. Clair \"Dick\" Harris. He was the grandson of George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman on his mother's side and W. N. P. Harris and Geraldine Robinson Harris on his father's side. Harris attended Lucy F. Simms School and while a student entered a local \"How To Beautify Your City\" contest sponsored by the Spotswood Garden Club's Road Beautification Committee. Due to Harrisonburg and Rockingham County's connection to turkeys, Harris submitted the idea and complementary design for turkey monuments to be placed at the highway approaches to Rockingham County. Harris's submission was selected as the winner and the monuments were subsequently dedicated in December 1955. Harris also attended Banneker Junior High School and Theodore Roosevelt High School in Washington, DC. After graduation from Roosevelt, Harris matriculated at Howard University where he graduated in 1964. While a student at Howard, Harris was a member of the ROTC. Harris obtained his master's degree from Syracuse University and later worked at Niagara Mohawk Power Company (Syracuse) and Associated Utilities Company (New Jersey).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWendell Ambrose Temple (1923-2005) was born in Harrisonburg, Virginia to Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983) and Junius Leroy Temple (1898-1937). Locally, he attended Effinger High School and Lucy F. Simms School. He was an accomplished pianist and musician, and described as a child prodigy in the local newspaper. As a youth, Temple won state-wide music contests and performed at Harrisonburg's State Theater. He received his early training almost exclusively by local music instructor Thurston DeMasters. Temple graduated from Oberlin Conservatory of Music and the University of Iowa. He taught at Florida A\u0026amp;M University and Wilberforce University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge A. Newman, Ruby Newman Temple, and Gerald Harris are all buried in Newtown Cemetery along with many of their immediate and extended family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeyond the Newman family, much of this collection more generally documents Newtown, Harrisonburg's historically African American community located in the northeast section of the city. After Emancipation, this area was settled by formerly enslaved people who began purchasing lots in the Zirkle addition which was farmland located on the northeast edge of town that was newly opened up to residential development. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harrisonburg engaged in urban renewal (Project R4) during which the city identified \"blight\" areas and after acquiring homes and land under eminent domain, sold the property to developers. As a result many Black-owned homes and businesses in the Newtown area were razed, and community members were forced to relocate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ruth M. Toliver is a retired English teacher, local and family historian, and the author of   History of Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church, Newtown, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 1892-1906  (1998) and  Keeping Up With Yesterday  (2009). She is the daughter of Eugene Murdock and Myrtle Newman Murdock (1901-2000) and the granddaughter of George Ambrose Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. Ruth Toliver inherited many of the family papers that comprise this collection from her cousin Wendell Temple (d. 2005), son of Ruby Newman Temple. She married Lowell Toliver, son of Theodore Tolliver (1902-1967) and Phoebe Harper Tolliver (1906-1982). Lowell Toliver, who was born and raised in Harrisonburg, entered the U. S. Army in January 1953 and it was at this point that the spelling of his last name changed from Tolliver to Toliver.","Born February 4, 1855 in Winchester, Virginia to free Black parents, George Ambrose Newman moved to Harrisonburg in 1875 to serve as principal of the local African American school. Newman learned to read and write at an early age and also pursued his interests in music. He served for 33 years as a teacher and administrator in the city school system—chiefly at the Effinger Street School—and also held teaching positions in Warren County, Augusta County, and West Virginia. Six of Newman's children also pursued teaching and began their careers in Rockingham County. Along with Ulysses G. Wilson, local educator and half-brother of Lucy F. Simms, Newman paid the poll taxes of local Black men in response to disenfranchisement tactics during segregation. In addition to being an influential educator Newman was a minister, musician, a member of the Mt. Zion Lodge of Masons in Staunton, and a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church (variously known as John Wesley Methodist Church and John Wesley M. E. Church) in Harrisonburg. Outside of teaching, Newman took positions as an agent of the Internal Revenue Service and a U.S. Deputy Marshall. ","George A. Newman married Margaret \"Maggie\" Dallard (1859-1887), daughter of Ambrose and Harriett Dallard, in 1877 and together they had four children. After Maggie's death in 1887, George Newman married Maggie's sister, Mary F. Dallard (1869-1968), as was Ghanian tradition. They had ten children. Newman is remembered as a trailblazing member of Harrisonburg's early African American community and a respected educational leader. Per his obituary, Newman had started his 66th reading of the Bible just months prior to his death. Newman passed away on April 6, 1944 at the age of 89.","Ruby Edith Newman (1898-1983) was born in Harrisonburg to George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman. She married Junius Leroy Temple in 1920. Ruby Newman Temple was a member of the John Wesley United Methodist Church and served for many years as the secretary of the church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS). WSCS met monthly at either the church or the home of a society member.","Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) was born in Harrisonburg to Carlotta Newman Harris and Austin St. Clair \"Dick\" Harris. He was the grandson of George A. Newman and Mary Dallard Newman on his mother's side and W. N. P. Harris and Geraldine Robinson Harris on his father's side. Harris attended Lucy F. Simms School and while a student entered a local \"How To Beautify Your City\" contest sponsored by the Spotswood Garden Club's Road Beautification Committee. Due to Harrisonburg and Rockingham County's connection to turkeys, Harris submitted the idea and complementary design for turkey monuments to be placed at the highway approaches to Rockingham County. Harris's submission was selected as the winner and the monuments were subsequently dedicated in December 1955. Harris also attended Banneker Junior High School and Theodore Roosevelt High School in Washington, DC. After graduation from Roosevelt, Harris matriculated at Howard University where he graduated in 1964. While a student at Howard, Harris was a member of the ROTC. Harris obtained his master's degree from Syracuse University and later worked at Niagara Mohawk Power Company (Syracuse) and Associated Utilities Company (New Jersey).","Wendell Ambrose Temple (1923-2005) was born in Harrisonburg, Virginia to Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983) and Junius Leroy Temple (1898-1937). Locally, he attended Effinger High School and Lucy F. Simms School. He was an accomplished pianist and musician, and described as a child prodigy in the local newspaper. As a youth, Temple won state-wide music contests and performed at Harrisonburg's State Theater. He received his early training almost exclusively by local music instructor Thurston DeMasters. Temple graduated from Oberlin Conservatory of Music and the University of Iowa. He taught at Florida A\u0026M University and Wilberforce University.","George A. Newman, Ruby Newman Temple, and Gerald Harris are all buried in Newtown Cemetery along with many of their immediate and extended family members.","Beyond the Newman family, much of this collection more generally documents Newtown, Harrisonburg's historically African American community located in the northeast section of the city. After Emancipation, this area was settled by formerly enslaved people who began purchasing lots in the Zirkle addition which was farmland located on the northeast edge of town that was newly opened up to residential development. During the 1950s and 1960s, Harrisonburg engaged in urban renewal (Project R4) during which the city identified \"blight\" areas and after acquiring homes and land under eminent domain, sold the property to developers. As a result many Black-owned homes and businesses in the Newtown area were razed, and community members were forced to relocate."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the original photographs copied for the tri-folds were provided to the Tolivers by community and family members.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["A portion of the original photographs copied for the tri-folds were provided to the Tolivers by community and family members."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, SC 0313, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, SC 0313, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's manuscript was digitized per the donor's request in February 2021. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request. Numerous manuscript pages have writing on their verso side (back) though these were not scanned. All of those pages were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal description of the photographs created by the donor was largely retained within descriptive elements of the container list (e.g. thematic titles of tri-folds and item-level titles).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose programs and handwritten documents were removed from George Newman's notebook documenting the history of the John Wesley M. E. Church and arranged according to material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Gerald Harris were largely kept in the same topical order in which they were received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllison Lyttle, JMU Libraries Music \u0026amp; Media Metadata Specialist, assisted in identifying, sorting, and describing Wendell Temple's sheet music which was donated in no discernable order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["George Newman's manuscript was digitized per the donor's request in February 2021. The digital scans are available to researchers upon request. Numerous manuscript pages have writing on their verso side (back) though these were not scanned. All of those pages were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","Original description of the photographs created by the donor was largely retained within descriptive elements of the container list (e.g. thematic titles of tri-folds and item-level titles).","Loose programs and handwritten documents were removed from George Newman's notebook documenting the history of the John Wesley M. E. Church and arranged according to material type.","Materials related to Gerald Harris were largely kept in the same topical order in which they were received.","Allison Lyttle, JMU Libraries Music \u0026 Media Metadata Specialist, assisted in identifying, sorting, and describing Wendell Temple's sheet music which was donated in no discernable order."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Records, 1892-1905. Accession 37081, Church records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Records, 1892-1905. Accession 37081, Church records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandson Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Ruth Toliver, George A. Newman's 480-page manuscript titled \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" is a work of fiction with autobiographical elements. The manuscript is divided into 40 chapters and begins: \"A finer estate than that of Joshua Sowers could not be found in all Virginia. We will not give the exact date, let it suffice for us to say we begin our story April the first, in a certain part of the nineteenth century. The morning was a clear, beautiful one. We locate the scene of our story in the county of Frederick, a short distance from the then small town of Winchester. The estate was rightly named Brookland, for the land was covered with brooks. Mr. Sowers owned a large mill.\" Newman introduces a character named William G. Reed as the hero of the story who is leaving Brookland for Chicago. While not explicitly discussed in the manuscript, it is presumed that both Sowers and Reed are white men. African American characters include Jack, Joshua Sowers's \"faithful servant;\" Aunt Sally, the Sowers' enslaved cook; and George, a free child who lived with Sowers. Researchers should note that the manuscript contains the use of racial slurs and further, the enslaved African American characters are depicted as speaking in a stereotypical dialect as was common practice in late 19th century American literature. George, on the other hand, \"had learned to read and write and he always spoke very fluently.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript was published for the first time in 2025 by James Madison University Libraries Press Books and was edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. The back cover book blurb provides the following context and summary: \u003cblockquote\u003e\"In the mid-1870s, a young African American educator arrived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he wrote a novel about antebellum life in the Shenandoah Valley. George A. Newman's A Miserable Revenge: A Story of Life in Virginia appears here in print for the first time, nearly 150 years after its composition. The earliest known example of a 'white life' novel--a Black-authored novel about white protagonists--A Miserable Revenge is set in and around Winchester, Virginia, in the 1840s. It draws on the sensationalist conventions of popular fiction of the time to spin a story of dark secrets, lost relatives, mistaken identities, crime and detection, and romance. In the novel, Newman describes the relationship between free and enslaved Black Virginians, drawing on his experience as a free Black child indentured to a white landowner in Winchester before the Civil War.\"\u003c/blockquote\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript pages are numbered in the same hand as the manuscript (George A. Newman's). The following pages are not extant and are missing from the manuscript entirely: pages 71-72, 76-82, 84, 267, 272-275, 289-291, and 375. Newman's page number for page 331 was torn away and at a later time was numbered as page 332, but contextual clues confirm that it is in fact page 331. The page was marked as such by the archivist and the incorrect page number was also retained. Only two pages are present between pages 346-349, and for both of the extant pages the page numbers are at least partially torn away rendering them illegible and their exact order unclear. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the manuscript is undated, writings potentially in Newman's hand and appearing on select verso pages date to 1875 and 1876. Editors of the published version of the manuscript date the document to mid-1870s. The aforementioned writings largely appear to be handwriting exercises or draft correspondence and also include a nine page essay titled \"An Essay on Truth\" which begins on the verso of page 391 continuing through page 409 on the odd page numbers with a few pages skipped. While undated, context clues within the essay, specifically an anecdote regarding New York Senator Roscoe Conkling recently returning from Europe, suggest a date of 1877. Internal evidence suggests that the remarks were likely given by Newman to the local order of the African American fraternal organization Independent Sons and Daughters of Purity, only identified in the essay by the abbreviation \"I. S. \u0026amp; D. P.\" and \"Sons \u0026amp; D. of P.\" In this same essay, Newman writes about having to keep his remarks brief due to an upcoming teacher's examination. All of the manuscript pages with writing on their versos were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Newman's speech \"Observations on the Negro Problem\" primarily concerns education with commentary on industrial education, choice of occupation, and a comparison of education funding for American Indian students vs. African American students. Newman also discusses the topic of African colonization of Black individuals as proposed by \"so-called statesmen and mis-named philanthropists.\" Newman argues \"It is paradoxical to speak of sending him to a place when he is already there. We are to the manor born. This is now our native home....\" Newman recognizes that certain voting laws that require meeting educational and property qualifications are examples of \"adverse legislation,\" but argues that they might be a \"blessing in disguise.\" Newman concludes with a call for an equitably educated citizenry regardless of status. Edits made to the speech suggest that it may have originally been written circa 1902 and presented again in 1913. As such, a date of 1913 is applied to the speech given the contextual clues within despite the document being undated. A draft transcript created by Special Collections staff is filed with the speech.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwelve cardboard tri-folds compiled by Lowell Toliver include approximately 133 facsimile photographs documenting people and places in Newtown and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood. The photograph descriptions were also compiled by Toliver as was the thematic arrangement of each tri-fold. Family names of people identified in the photographs include Harper, Tolliver/Toliver, Sampson, Yokley, Newman, Bundy, Dallard, Temple, Vickers, Brown, Nickens, and Johnson. Local churches and schools include John Wesley Methodist Church, Bethel AME Church, Effinger Street School, and Simms School. Researchers should note that the surname Toliver is spelled variously as Tolover, Tolliver, etc. in the collection. Lowell Toliver's last name was changed slightly from Tolliver to Toliver when he enlisted in the military.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSix minute books document the financial and administrative functions of the John Wesley Methodist Church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS) between 1943 and 1976. Ruby Newman Temple served as WSCS's secretary for a period of time and kept monthly minutes for the society. Member lists and membership dues are also documented in the minute books. WSCS meetings typically included prayer, scripture reading, hymn singing, a business report, and a program or a topic of discussion. WSCS engaged in community outreach by providing Christmas baskets for the sick in the community, sending sympathy cards, and making charitable donations. The Ruby Newman Temple correspondence primarily relates to her work with WSCS. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther materials related to John Wesley Methodist Church include anniversary programs as well as member lists and a brief church history compiled by George Newman. Printed materials related to the United Methodist Church but not specific to John Wesley Methodist Church are also included. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour hand-colored sketches by George A. Newman, son of Frederick Newman (1883-1959) are dated August 28, 1929. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Gerald Harris largely concern his design of the turkey monuments that are located on the highway approaches into Harrisonburg and his schooling and coursework at Lucy F. Simms School, Banneker Junior High School, Theodore Roosevelt Senior High School, and Howard University. Report cards and tuition receipts are included. Of interest is a 1954 letter from A. M. Stitt, Lucy F. Simms School principal, certifying that Harris was vaccinated as well as Harris's polio vaccination card.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials created by Wendell Temple primarily comprise original handwritten sheet music for piano. Pieces specifically written for the organ, pianoforte, and violin are also included. The bulk of the sheet music is undated but likely dates to the mid-1930s to late 1940s. The compositions are in various states of completeness and order. Sheet music was written on lined notebook paper, blank pages of voter rolls for the 1928 presidential election, and the back of letterhead for the Castle Hall of Rockingham Star Lodge No. 72 Knights of Pythias and the Democratic Campaign Committee. Additional papers include correspondence from Temple to his mother Ruby Newman Temple and an Effinger High School report card.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandson Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.","According to Ruth Toliver, George A. Newman's 480-page manuscript titled \"A Miserable Revenge: A story of life in Virginia\" is a work of fiction with autobiographical elements. The manuscript is divided into 40 chapters and begins: \"A finer estate than that of Joshua Sowers could not be found in all Virginia. We will not give the exact date, let it suffice for us to say we begin our story April the first, in a certain part of the nineteenth century. The morning was a clear, beautiful one. We locate the scene of our story in the county of Frederick, a short distance from the then small town of Winchester. The estate was rightly named Brookland, for the land was covered with brooks. Mr. Sowers owned a large mill.\" Newman introduces a character named William G. Reed as the hero of the story who is leaving Brookland for Chicago. While not explicitly discussed in the manuscript, it is presumed that both Sowers and Reed are white men. African American characters include Jack, Joshua Sowers's \"faithful servant;\" Aunt Sally, the Sowers' enslaved cook; and George, a free child who lived with Sowers. Researchers should note that the manuscript contains the use of racial slurs and further, the enslaved African American characters are depicted as speaking in a stereotypical dialect as was common practice in late 19th century American literature. George, on the other hand, \"had learned to read and write and he always spoke very fluently.\" ","The manuscript was published for the first time in 2025 by James Madison University Libraries Press Books and was edited by Mollie Godfrey, Brooks E. Hefner, Jeslyn Poole, and Evan Sizemore. The back cover book blurb provides the following context and summary:  \"In the mid-1870s, a young African American educator arrived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where he wrote a novel about antebellum life in the Shenandoah Valley. George A. Newman's A Miserable Revenge: A Story of Life in Virginia appears here in print for the first time, nearly 150 years after its composition. The earliest known example of a 'white life' novel--a Black-authored novel about white protagonists--A Miserable Revenge is set in and around Winchester, Virginia, in the 1840s. It draws on the sensationalist conventions of popular fiction of the time to spin a story of dark secrets, lost relatives, mistaken identities, crime and detection, and romance. In the novel, Newman describes the relationship between free and enslaved Black Virginians, drawing on his experience as a free Black child indentured to a white landowner in Winchester before the Civil War.\"","The manuscript pages are numbered in the same hand as the manuscript (George A. Newman's). The following pages are not extant and are missing from the manuscript entirely: pages 71-72, 76-82, 84, 267, 272-275, 289-291, and 375. Newman's page number for page 331 was torn away and at a later time was numbered as page 332, but contextual clues confirm that it is in fact page 331. The page was marked as such by the archivist and the incorrect page number was also retained. Only two pages are present between pages 346-349, and for both of the extant pages the page numbers are at least partially torn away rendering them illegible and their exact order unclear. The pages were kept in the order in which they were received with the exception of a few instances in which numbered pages were clearly misordered and were reordered by the archivist to reflect the accurate numerical page order.","While the manuscript is undated, writings potentially in Newman's hand and appearing on select verso pages date to 1875 and 1876. Editors of the published version of the manuscript date the document to mid-1870s. The aforementioned writings largely appear to be handwriting exercises or draft correspondence and also include a nine page essay titled \"An Essay on Truth\" which begins on the verso of page 391 continuing through page 409 on the odd page numbers with a few pages skipped. While undated, context clues within the essay, specifically an anecdote regarding New York Senator Roscoe Conkling recently returning from Europe, suggest a date of 1877. Internal evidence suggests that the remarks were likely given by Newman to the local order of the African American fraternal organization Independent Sons and Daughters of Purity, only identified in the essay by the abbreviation \"I. S. \u0026 D. P.\" and \"Sons \u0026 D. of P.\" In this same essay, Newman writes about having to keep his remarks brief due to an upcoming teacher's examination. All of the manuscript pages with writing on their versos were flagged by the archivist with a \"SEE VERSO\" slip of paper.","George Newman's speech \"Observations on the Negro Problem\" primarily concerns education with commentary on industrial education, choice of occupation, and a comparison of education funding for American Indian students vs. African American students. Newman also discusses the topic of African colonization of Black individuals as proposed by \"so-called statesmen and mis-named philanthropists.\" Newman argues \"It is paradoxical to speak of sending him to a place when he is already there. We are to the manor born. This is now our native home....\" Newman recognizes that certain voting laws that require meeting educational and property qualifications are examples of \"adverse legislation,\" but argues that they might be a \"blessing in disguise.\" Newman concludes with a call for an equitably educated citizenry regardless of status. Edits made to the speech suggest that it may have originally been written circa 1902 and presented again in 1913. As such, a date of 1913 is applied to the speech given the contextual clues within despite the document being undated. A draft transcript created by Special Collections staff is filed with the speech.","Twelve cardboard tri-folds compiled by Lowell Toliver include approximately 133 facsimile photographs documenting people and places in Newtown and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood. The photograph descriptions were also compiled by Toliver as was the thematic arrangement of each tri-fold. Family names of people identified in the photographs include Harper, Tolliver/Toliver, Sampson, Yokley, Newman, Bundy, Dallard, Temple, Vickers, Brown, Nickens, and Johnson. Local churches and schools include John Wesley Methodist Church, Bethel AME Church, Effinger Street School, and Simms School. Researchers should note that the surname Toliver is spelled variously as Tolover, Tolliver, etc. in the collection. Lowell Toliver's last name was changed slightly from Tolliver to Toliver when he enlisted in the military.","Six minute books document the financial and administrative functions of the John Wesley Methodist Church's Woman's Society of Christian Service (WSCS) between 1943 and 1976. Ruby Newman Temple served as WSCS's secretary for a period of time and kept monthly minutes for the society. Member lists and membership dues are also documented in the minute books. WSCS meetings typically included prayer, scripture reading, hymn singing, a business report, and a program or a topic of discussion. WSCS engaged in community outreach by providing Christmas baskets for the sick in the community, sending sympathy cards, and making charitable donations. The Ruby Newman Temple correspondence primarily relates to her work with WSCS. ","Other materials related to John Wesley Methodist Church include anniversary programs as well as member lists and a brief church history compiled by George Newman. Printed materials related to the United Methodist Church but not specific to John Wesley Methodist Church are also included. ","Four hand-colored sketches by George A. Newman, son of Frederick Newman (1883-1959) are dated August 28, 1929. ","Materials related to Gerald Harris largely concern his design of the turkey monuments that are located on the highway approaches into Harrisonburg and his schooling and coursework at Lucy F. Simms School, Banneker Junior High School, Theodore Roosevelt Senior High School, and Howard University. Report cards and tuition receipts are included. Of interest is a 1954 letter from A. M. Stitt, Lucy F. Simms School principal, certifying that Harris was vaccinated as well as Harris's polio vaccination card.","Materials created by Wendell Temple primarily comprise original handwritten sheet music for piano. Pieces specifically written for the organ, pianoforte, and violin are also included. The bulk of the sheet music is undated but likely dates to the mid-1930s to late 1940s. The compositions are in various states of completeness and order. Sheet music was written on lined notebook paper, blank pages of voter rolls for the 1928 presidential election, and the back of letterhead for the Castle Hall of Rockingham Star Lodge No. 72 Knights of Pythias and the Democratic Campaign Committee. Additional papers include correspondence from Temple to his mother Ruby Newman Temple and an Effinger High School report card."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne copy of the pamphlet Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the John Wesley Methodist Church, Harrisonburg, Virginia, October 20th through 27th, 1940 was removed from the collection and cataloged separately as part of Special Collections' rare book holdings. A second copy remains in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One copy of the pamphlet Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the John Wesley Methodist Church, Harrisonburg, Virginia, October 20th through 27th, 1940 was removed from the collection and cataloged separately as part of Special Collections' rare book holdings. A second copy remains in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4bcb0d86958b487646d5b5f8bec1dc4e\"\u003eThe Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Ruth and Lowell Toliver Collection of Newman Family Papers, circa 1875-2005, comprises a manuscript, writings, personal papers, facsimile photographs, church records, and correspondence related to George A. Newman (1855-1944), his daughter Ruby Newman Temple (1898-1983), his grandsons Austin Gerald Harris (1941-2005) and Wendell Temple (1923-2005), and Harrisonburg's Northeast Neighborhood and Newtown."],"names_coll_ssim":["Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Newtown, Rockingham County, Va.)","Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005","Allen, Doris Harper, 1927-2021","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Fairfax, Mary Awkard, 1912-2006","Harris, W.N.P. (William Nelson Pendleton), 1881-1977","Dickerson, Eugene, (Physician)","Friml, Rudolf, 1879-1972"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.)","John Wesley United Methodist Church (Harrisonburg, Va.). Woman's Society of Christian Service","Effinger Street School","Kelley Street United Brethren in Christ Church (Newtown, Rockingham County, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Toliver, Ruth M.","Toliver, Lowell","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Temple, Ruby Edith Newman, 1898-1983","Harris, Austin Gerald, 1941-2005","Temple, Wendell A. (Wendell Ambrose), 1923-2005","Allen, Doris Harper, 1927-2021","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Fairfax, Mary Awkard, 1912-2006","Harris, W.N.P. (William Nelson Pendleton), 1881-1977","Dickerson, Eugene, (Physician)","Friml, Rudolf, 1879-1972"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":192,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:09.496Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_644"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"School of Theatre and Dance Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_503#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_503#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_503#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_503.xml","title_ssm":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"title_tesim":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2011","1981-1993"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1981-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0045","/repositories/4/resources/503"],"text":["UA 0045","/repositories/4/resources/503","School of Theatre and Dance Records","Dance -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged alphabetically.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – JMU Dinner Theatre.\" jmu.edu. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/dinnertheatre.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"Theatre and Dance Overview.\" jmu.edu. https://www.jmu.edu/theatredance/about/index.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – The Stratford Players.\" jmu.edu https://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/stratford.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","Theatre at James Madison University was initially an extracurricular activity, with the Stratford Players serving as the most popular student drama club. In 1966, the Department of Speech and Drama was established and in the following year, 1967, the Latimer-Shaeffer Theatre opened in the Duke Fine Arts Center (now Duke Hall). The theatre was named after former theatre director and Stratford Players advisor, Mary Latimer Cordner and former music faculty Edna T. Shaeffer. In 1973, Thomas H. Arthur was hired at Madison College to transform the theatre program from an extracurricular activity into a college department. Arthur soon hired Allen Lyndrup, Thomas L. King, Pam Johnson, Phil S. Grayson and Roger Hall as faculty members. Arthur and King worked together to construct and establish the Wampler Experimental Theatre, also known as Theatre II, in 1974, which gave a home to productions written and directed by students.","In 1977 King, Arthur, and Grayson requested permission to develop a new theatre program in addition to Theatre II. Through a partnership with Food Service, the Dinner Theatre was established in Gibbons Hall to provide summer patrons with a buffet followed by a play featuring students and professional performers. The Dinner Theatre soon became a popular summer activity in Harrisonburg, drawing theatre-goers from around Virginia. The Dinner Theatre also provided prospective students and families, along with summer session students, with summer entertainment. In 1978 the Dinner Theatre sent a troupe to Italy and Germany to perform for the USO and by its second season the program became fully professional, welcoming JMU faculty, staff, students, and non-JMU personnel to contribute to the Dinner Theatre. According to Arthur, \"[The Dinner Theatre] was very important to the growth of theater and dance [at JMU] because it gave us greater visibility.\" The Dinner Theatre ultimately ran for 17 years, ending in 1993.","In 1986, the Department of Theatre and Dance was formed in the College of Fine Arts, now the College of Arts and Letters. It remained in the College until 2015 when the establishment of the College of Visual and Performing Arts was approved. Today, the School of Theatre and Dance focuses on training and educating artists, scholars, and teachers in the traditions and current practices of dance, theatre, and musical theatre. The School puts on around thirty performances a year, including four theatre and three dance productions during their main stage season.","Edna T. Shaeffer Retirement Letters, 1940, 1956, SC 0061 Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Stratford Players Records, 1920-1983, UA 0029, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. ","Student Theatre Productions Collection, 1912-1966, UA 0046, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. ","Virginia Theatre \u0026 New Virginia Theatre Playbills, 1914-1924, SC 0080, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University. Some early items are dated before the School of Theatre and Dance was officially established. The collection includes items from the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, Madison College, and James Madison University. Several clubs and theatre companies are mentioned throughout, including, but not limited to: The Madison College Modern Dance Club, the Repertory Touring Company of JMU, the Shenandoah Shakespeare Express, the Coburn Players, the Margaret Webster Shakespeare Company, the National Players, the Barter Theatre, and the Hedgerow Theatre.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University","Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Libraries","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0045","/repositories/4/resources/503"],"normalized_title_ssm":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"collection_ssim":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Formerly housed as Vertical Files in Special Collections, labeled Dance, Theatre, and Drama - Guest Performances."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dance -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dance -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.32 cubic feet 4 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.32 cubic feet 4 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJames Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – JMU Dinner Theatre.\" jmu.edu. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/dinnertheatre.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Madison University. \"Theatre and Dance Overview.\" jmu.edu. https://www.jmu.edu/theatredance/about/index.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – The Stratford Players.\" jmu.edu https://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/stratford.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – JMU Dinner Theatre.\" jmu.edu. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/dinnertheatre.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"Theatre and Dance Overview.\" jmu.edu. https://www.jmu.edu/theatredance/about/index.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – The Stratford Players.\" jmu.edu https://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/stratford.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheatre at James Madison University was initially an extracurricular activity, with the Stratford Players serving as the most popular student drama club. In 1966, the Department of Speech and Drama was established and in the following year, 1967, the Latimer-Shaeffer Theatre opened in the Duke Fine Arts Center (now Duke Hall). The theatre was named after former theatre director and Stratford Players advisor, Mary Latimer Cordner and former music faculty Edna T. Shaeffer. In 1973, Thomas H. Arthur was hired at Madison College to transform the theatre program from an extracurricular activity into a college department. Arthur soon hired Allen Lyndrup, Thomas L. King, Pam Johnson, Phil S. Grayson and Roger Hall as faculty members. Arthur and King worked together to construct and establish the Wampler Experimental Theatre, also known as Theatre II, in 1974, which gave a home to productions written and directed by students.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1977 King, Arthur, and Grayson requested permission to develop a new theatre program in addition to Theatre II. Through a partnership with Food Service, the Dinner Theatre was established in Gibbons Hall to provide summer patrons with a buffet followed by a play featuring students and professional performers. The Dinner Theatre soon became a popular summer activity in Harrisonburg, drawing theatre-goers from around Virginia. The Dinner Theatre also provided prospective students and families, along with summer session students, with summer entertainment. In 1978 the Dinner Theatre sent a troupe to Italy and Germany to perform for the USO and by its second season the program became fully professional, welcoming JMU faculty, staff, students, and non-JMU personnel to contribute to the Dinner Theatre. According to Arthur, \"[The Dinner Theatre] was very important to the growth of theater and dance [at JMU] because it gave us greater visibility.\" The Dinner Theatre ultimately ran for 17 years, ending in 1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, the Department of Theatre and Dance was formed in the College of Fine Arts, now the College of Arts and Letters. It remained in the College until 2015 when the establishment of the College of Visual and Performing Arts was approved. Today, the School of Theatre and Dance focuses on training and educating artists, scholars, and teachers in the traditions and current practices of dance, theatre, and musical theatre. The School puts on around thirty performances a year, including four theatre and three dance productions during their main stage season.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Admin History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Theatre at James Madison University was initially an extracurricular activity, with the Stratford Players serving as the most popular student drama club. In 1966, the Department of Speech and Drama was established and in the following year, 1967, the Latimer-Shaeffer Theatre opened in the Duke Fine Arts Center (now Duke Hall). The theatre was named after former theatre director and Stratford Players advisor, Mary Latimer Cordner and former music faculty Edna T. Shaeffer. In 1973, Thomas H. Arthur was hired at Madison College to transform the theatre program from an extracurricular activity into a college department. Arthur soon hired Allen Lyndrup, Thomas L. King, Pam Johnson, Phil S. Grayson and Roger Hall as faculty members. Arthur and King worked together to construct and establish the Wampler Experimental Theatre, also known as Theatre II, in 1974, which gave a home to productions written and directed by students.","In 1977 King, Arthur, and Grayson requested permission to develop a new theatre program in addition to Theatre II. Through a partnership with Food Service, the Dinner Theatre was established in Gibbons Hall to provide summer patrons with a buffet followed by a play featuring students and professional performers. The Dinner Theatre soon became a popular summer activity in Harrisonburg, drawing theatre-goers from around Virginia. The Dinner Theatre also provided prospective students and families, along with summer session students, with summer entertainment. In 1978 the Dinner Theatre sent a troupe to Italy and Germany to perform for the USO and by its second season the program became fully professional, welcoming JMU faculty, staff, students, and non-JMU personnel to contribute to the Dinner Theatre. According to Arthur, \"[The Dinner Theatre] was very important to the growth of theater and dance [at JMU] because it gave us greater visibility.\" The Dinner Theatre ultimately ran for 17 years, ending in 1993.","In 1986, the Department of Theatre and Dance was formed in the College of Fine Arts, now the College of Arts and Letters. It remained in the College until 2015 when the establishment of the College of Visual and Performing Arts was approved. Today, the School of Theatre and Dance focuses on training and educating artists, scholars, and teachers in the traditions and current practices of dance, theatre, and musical theatre. The School puts on around thirty performances a year, including four theatre and three dance productions during their main stage season."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993), UA 0045, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993), UA 0045, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdna T. 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The collection includes items from the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, Madison College, and James Madison University. Several clubs and theatre companies are mentioned throughout, including, but not limited to: The Madison College Modern Dance Club, the Repertory Touring Company of JMU, the Shenandoah Shakespeare Express, the Coburn Players, the Margaret Webster Shakespeare Company, the National Players, the Barter Theatre, and the Hedgerow Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University. Some early items are dated before the School of Theatre and Dance was officially established. The collection includes items from the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, Madison College, and James Madison University. Several clubs and theatre companies are mentioned throughout, including, but not limited to: The Madison College Modern Dance Club, the Repertory Touring Company of JMU, the Shenandoah Shakespeare Express, the Coburn Players, the Margaret Webster Shakespeare Company, the National Players, the Barter Theatre, and the Hedgerow Theatre."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5274c6002ea88a68e2f0cf3467f7e5d3\"\u003eThe School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_47d74328ab05f008309507430092c802\" label=\"Repository\"\u003eSpecial Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Libraries\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Libraries"],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:00.372Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_503","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_503.xml","title_ssm":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"title_tesim":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2011","1981-1993"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1981-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0045","/repositories/4/resources/503"],"text":["UA 0045","/repositories/4/resources/503","School of Theatre and Dance Records","Dance -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged alphabetically.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – JMU Dinner Theatre.\" jmu.edu. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/dinnertheatre.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"Theatre and Dance Overview.\" jmu.edu. https://www.jmu.edu/theatredance/about/index.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – The Stratford Players.\" jmu.edu https://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/stratford.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","Theatre at James Madison University was initially an extracurricular activity, with the Stratford Players serving as the most popular student drama club. In 1966, the Department of Speech and Drama was established and in the following year, 1967, the Latimer-Shaeffer Theatre opened in the Duke Fine Arts Center (now Duke Hall). The theatre was named after former theatre director and Stratford Players advisor, Mary Latimer Cordner and former music faculty Edna T. Shaeffer. In 1973, Thomas H. Arthur was hired at Madison College to transform the theatre program from an extracurricular activity into a college department. Arthur soon hired Allen Lyndrup, Thomas L. King, Pam Johnson, Phil S. Grayson and Roger Hall as faculty members. Arthur and King worked together to construct and establish the Wampler Experimental Theatre, also known as Theatre II, in 1974, which gave a home to productions written and directed by students.","In 1977 King, Arthur, and Grayson requested permission to develop a new theatre program in addition to Theatre II. Through a partnership with Food Service, the Dinner Theatre was established in Gibbons Hall to provide summer patrons with a buffet followed by a play featuring students and professional performers. The Dinner Theatre soon became a popular summer activity in Harrisonburg, drawing theatre-goers from around Virginia. The Dinner Theatre also provided prospective students and families, along with summer session students, with summer entertainment. In 1978 the Dinner Theatre sent a troupe to Italy and Germany to perform for the USO and by its second season the program became fully professional, welcoming JMU faculty, staff, students, and non-JMU personnel to contribute to the Dinner Theatre. According to Arthur, \"[The Dinner Theatre] was very important to the growth of theater and dance [at JMU] because it gave us greater visibility.\" The Dinner Theatre ultimately ran for 17 years, ending in 1993.","In 1986, the Department of Theatre and Dance was formed in the College of Fine Arts, now the College of Arts and Letters. It remained in the College until 2015 when the establishment of the College of Visual and Performing Arts was approved. Today, the School of Theatre and Dance focuses on training and educating artists, scholars, and teachers in the traditions and current practices of dance, theatre, and musical theatre. The School puts on around thirty performances a year, including four theatre and three dance productions during their main stage season.","Edna T. 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Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0045","/repositories/4/resources/503"],"normalized_title_ssm":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"collection_ssim":["School of Theatre and Dance Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Formerly housed as Vertical Files in Special Collections, labeled Dance, Theatre, and Drama - Guest Performances."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dance -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dance -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.32 cubic feet 4 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.32 cubic feet 4 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs","Playbills","Brochures"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. 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Accessed June 5, 2018.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Madison University. \"Theatre and Dance Overview.\" jmu.edu. https://www.jmu.edu/theatredance/about/index.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – The Stratford Players.\" jmu.edu https://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/stratford.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – JMU Dinner Theatre.\" jmu.edu. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/dinnertheatre.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"Theatre and Dance Overview.\" jmu.edu. https://www.jmu.edu/theatredance/about/index.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration – The Stratford Players.\" jmu.edu https://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/stratford.shtml. Accessed June 5, 2018."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheatre at James Madison University was initially an extracurricular activity, with the Stratford Players serving as the most popular student drama club. In 1966, the Department of Speech and Drama was established and in the following year, 1967, the Latimer-Shaeffer Theatre opened in the Duke Fine Arts Center (now Duke Hall). The theatre was named after former theatre director and Stratford Players advisor, Mary Latimer Cordner and former music faculty Edna T. Shaeffer. In 1973, Thomas H. Arthur was hired at Madison College to transform the theatre program from an extracurricular activity into a college department. Arthur soon hired Allen Lyndrup, Thomas L. King, Pam Johnson, Phil S. Grayson and Roger Hall as faculty members. Arthur and King worked together to construct and establish the Wampler Experimental Theatre, also known as Theatre II, in 1974, which gave a home to productions written and directed by students.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1977 King, Arthur, and Grayson requested permission to develop a new theatre program in addition to Theatre II. Through a partnership with Food Service, the Dinner Theatre was established in Gibbons Hall to provide summer patrons with a buffet followed by a play featuring students and professional performers. The Dinner Theatre soon became a popular summer activity in Harrisonburg, drawing theatre-goers from around Virginia. The Dinner Theatre also provided prospective students and families, along with summer session students, with summer entertainment. In 1978 the Dinner Theatre sent a troupe to Italy and Germany to perform for the USO and by its second season the program became fully professional, welcoming JMU faculty, staff, students, and non-JMU personnel to contribute to the Dinner Theatre. According to Arthur, \"[The Dinner Theatre] was very important to the growth of theater and dance [at JMU] because it gave us greater visibility.\" The Dinner Theatre ultimately ran for 17 years, ending in 1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, the Department of Theatre and Dance was formed in the College of Fine Arts, now the College of Arts and Letters. It remained in the College until 2015 when the establishment of the College of Visual and Performing Arts was approved. Today, the School of Theatre and Dance focuses on training and educating artists, scholars, and teachers in the traditions and current practices of dance, theatre, and musical theatre. The School puts on around thirty performances a year, including four theatre and three dance productions during their main stage season.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Admin History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Theatre at James Madison University was initially an extracurricular activity, with the Stratford Players serving as the most popular student drama club. In 1966, the Department of Speech and Drama was established and in the following year, 1967, the Latimer-Shaeffer Theatre opened in the Duke Fine Arts Center (now Duke Hall). The theatre was named after former theatre director and Stratford Players advisor, Mary Latimer Cordner and former music faculty Edna T. Shaeffer. In 1973, Thomas H. Arthur was hired at Madison College to transform the theatre program from an extracurricular activity into a college department. Arthur soon hired Allen Lyndrup, Thomas L. King, Pam Johnson, Phil S. Grayson and Roger Hall as faculty members. Arthur and King worked together to construct and establish the Wampler Experimental Theatre, also known as Theatre II, in 1974, which gave a home to productions written and directed by students.","In 1977 King, Arthur, and Grayson requested permission to develop a new theatre program in addition to Theatre II. Through a partnership with Food Service, the Dinner Theatre was established in Gibbons Hall to provide summer patrons with a buffet followed by a play featuring students and professional performers. The Dinner Theatre soon became a popular summer activity in Harrisonburg, drawing theatre-goers from around Virginia. The Dinner Theatre also provided prospective students and families, along with summer session students, with summer entertainment. In 1978 the Dinner Theatre sent a troupe to Italy and Germany to perform for the USO and by its second season the program became fully professional, welcoming JMU faculty, staff, students, and non-JMU personnel to contribute to the Dinner Theatre. According to Arthur, \"[The Dinner Theatre] was very important to the growth of theater and dance [at JMU] because it gave us greater visibility.\" The Dinner Theatre ultimately ran for 17 years, ending in 1993.","In 1986, the Department of Theatre and Dance was formed in the College of Fine Arts, now the College of Arts and Letters. It remained in the College until 2015 when the establishment of the College of Visual and Performing Arts was approved. Today, the School of Theatre and Dance focuses on training and educating artists, scholars, and teachers in the traditions and current practices of dance, theatre, and musical theatre. The School puts on around thirty performances a year, including four theatre and three dance productions during their main stage season."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993), UA 0045, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993), UA 0045, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdna T. Shaeffer Retirement Letters, 1940, 1956, SC 0061 Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStratford Players Records, 1920-1983, UA 0029, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStudent Theatre Productions Collection, 1912-1966, UA 0046, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Theatre \u0026amp; New Virginia Theatre Playbills, 1914-1924, SC 0080, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Edna T. Shaeffer Retirement Letters, 1940, 1956, SC 0061 Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Stratford Players Records, 1920-1983, UA 0029, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. ","Student Theatre Productions Collection, 1912-1966, UA 0046, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. ","Virginia Theatre \u0026 New Virginia Theatre Playbills, 1914-1924, SC 0080, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University. Some early items are dated before the School of Theatre and Dance was officially established. The collection includes items from the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, Madison College, and James Madison University. Several clubs and theatre companies are mentioned throughout, including, but not limited to: The Madison College Modern Dance Club, the Repertory Touring Company of JMU, the Shenandoah Shakespeare Express, the Coburn Players, the Margaret Webster Shakespeare Company, the National Players, the Barter Theatre, and the Hedgerow Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University. Some early items are dated before the School of Theatre and Dance was officially established. The collection includes items from the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, Madison College, and James Madison University. Several clubs and theatre companies are mentioned throughout, including, but not limited to: The Madison College Modern Dance Club, the Repertory Touring Company of JMU, the Shenandoah Shakespeare Express, the Coburn Players, the Margaret Webster Shakespeare Company, the National Players, the Barter Theatre, and the Hedgerow Theatre."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5274c6002ea88a68e2f0cf3467f7e5d3\"\u003eThe School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The School of Theatre and Dance Records, 1930-2011 (bulk 1981-1993) consists of playbills, programs and curriculum brochures relating to theatre and dance performances at and sponsored by James Madison University"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_47d74328ab05f008309507430092c802\" label=\"Repository\"\u003eSpecial Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Libraries\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Libraries"],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. School of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Department of Theatre and Dance","James Madison University. Center for Dance and Theatre","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:00.372Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_503"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_556#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_556#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_556#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_556.xml","title_ssm":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"title_tesim":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1984-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1984-2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0013","/repositories/4/resources/556"],"text":["UA 0013","/repositories/4/resources/556","Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records","Sexual minority college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Homosexuality and education -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Education, Higher -- Social aspects -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Gay college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Lesbian college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Bisexual college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Transgender college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","Complete issues of university or local newspapers that are otherwise held by Special Collections were not retained.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","\"About Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity \u0026 Expression (SOGIE) Programming,\" https://www.jmu.edu/healthcenter/TheWell/LGBTQ/about.shtml (accessed April 4, 2019).","The first formal LGBT student organization at JMU was founded in the 1980s. Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL) created its original charter in the summer of 1983 and became officially recognized by university administration as a human rights organization in the fall of 1984. Their budget was approved at the February 14, 1985 SGA meeting which included a reimbursement for travel expenses to conferences at Virginia Tech and Virginia Commonwealth University from the previous semester. In the spring of 1985, Harmony was formed as a subgroup of LGL for straight allies.","As part of their activities, LGL and Harmony published a newsletter, \"That Thing,\" to communicate with LGBTQ students. The first issue was published on February 17, 1985, running through at least February 1988. Additionally, they sponsored social and educational events including but not limited to Harmony Week, talent shows, social get-togethers, participation in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and generally advocated for the rights of LGBTQ students and promoted awareness of LGBTQ issues.","On February 19, 2003, prompted by student work to establish a Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender resource center, SGA submitted Bill of Opinion #1, which called for the creation of a university funded LGBT resource center at JMU with a part-time staff member to provide a safe and welcoming environment for students of the LGBT community. The proposed resource center would offer library materials for research and educational purposes including books, videos, pamphlets, articles, a computer, and a space for group discussion. An advisory committee was subsequently created to research and present a proposal to Dr. Mark Warner, Vice President of Student Affairs, with suggestions on how JMU could address LGBT resource needs. During the 2005-2006 academic year, the program was officially named LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. The program changed its name in February 2019 to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. SOGIE works toward promoting JMU's commitment to diversity through education, support, advocacy and the fostering of equity for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression. The collection is titled according to this most recent name of JMU's student LGBTQ and ally organization.","Researchers should refer to the collection itself for a more comprehensive (but not exhaustive) history of JMU's LGBTQ student organizations.","A scrapbook of magnetic photo pages comprising newspaper clippings, photographs, and ephemera was disbound. The three-ring binder that originally housed the scrapbook pages was discarded due to its poor condition. Each loose magnetic photo page is numbered according to its original order when bound. Blank pages located at the end of the scrapbook were discarded. A selection of of newspaper clippings that exhibited significant wear were photocopied and the originals discarded. The bulk of the clippings were kept intact in the condition in which they were transferred.","Some of the pages of the That Thing newsletter were loose and not otherwise arranged according to their specific issue. Where this was the case, the archivist made her best attempt at marrying pages together to make newsletter issues whole.","The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names including Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","Issues of \"That Thing,\" the newsletter of Lambda Gamma Lambda and Harmony, span 1985 to 1988, with gaps. Duplicate copies were retained, but a full run of the publication is not extant. Per the publication's first issue, \"That Thing\" \"will provide a means of communicating with as much of JMU's gay population as possible...in bringing you the latest happenings in the gay community.\" Usual content included editorials, announcements, news items, and \"Miss Thing,\" an advice and etiquette column. Many of the newsletters are proofs of issues prior to being printed for distribution. The October 1987 issue is not titled \"That Thing,\" but instead \"LGL-Harmony.\"","Newspaper clippings are largely from The Breeze and include letters to the editor, opinion pieces both in support and opposition of LGBTQ issues and students, and \"The Real World\" comic strip. Additional clippings on LGBTQ issues from were collected from national newspapers.","Photographs document social events and programs facilitated by Lambda Gamma Lambda and LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program and include LGL's 1987 talent show, the spring 2005 \"Gay? Fine by me\" t-shirt event, and the inaugural Too Fabulous fundraiser. Along with newspaper clippings, the disbound scrapbook also contains photographs from the LGL-Harmony Farm Party and a Christmas party.","Outreach and programming materials produced by LGL, Harmony, the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program, SOGIE, and DEEP Impact (Diversity Education Empowerment Program) include informational brochures, event fliers and programs, and invitations. Specific events include Harmony Week, James M. Holobaugh lecture, Lavender Graduation, Too Fabulous, Intersex Awareness Day, and LGBT Open Houses. The disbound scrapbook also includes outreach materials. A typescript version of Mariah Burton Nelson's one-act play \"Out of Bounds\" is included. Its connection to SOGIE is unclear.","The collection also comprises resource material and brochures on LGBTQ issues and advocacy produced by allied groups not directly affiliated with JMU. These groups include the Gay \u0026 Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and The Standing Committee for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Awareness (SCBLBA) of the American College Personnel Association. Relatedly, the collection includes newsletters from the Alexandria Gay Community Association (AGCA), Arlington Virginia Gay Alliance (AVGA), Roanoke AIDS Project, Roanoke Valley Gay Alliance, and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.","Histories and timelines are included that document LGL and Harmony's mission and aims as well as the creation of the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. Documentation related to the LGBT Resource Center and a review of policies regarding JMU's LGBT communities complement these timelines. Researchers should be aware that the timelines are not exhaustive and do not provide a comprehensive history of LGBTQ advocacy at JMU. ","Researchers should note that examples of hate speech targeted at LGBTQ students at JMU are included in this collection. The hate speech was written on promotional materials created by Harmony that were distributed on campus. Two examples were written on the back of an election poster for a candidate running for SGA treasurer.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0013","/repositories/4/resources/556"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"collection_ssim":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transferred to Special Collections by Jennifer Iwerks, Assistant Director of SOGIE, in March 2019 with a second accrual in February 2021. Additional fliers were transferred in 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Sexual minority college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Homosexuality and education -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Education, Higher -- Social aspects -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Gay college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Lesbian college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Bisexual college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Transgender college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Sexual minority college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Homosexuality and education -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Education, Higher -- Social aspects -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Gay college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Lesbian college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Bisexual college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Transgender college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.43 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.43 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComplete issues of university or local newspapers that are otherwise held by Special Collections were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Complete issues of university or local newspapers that are otherwise held by Special Collections were not retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"About Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity \u0026amp; Expression (SOGIE) Programming,\" https://www.jmu.edu/healthcenter/TheWell/LGBTQ/about.shtml (accessed April 4, 2019).\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"About Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity \u0026 Expression (SOGIE) Programming,\" https://www.jmu.edu/healthcenter/TheWell/LGBTQ/about.shtml (accessed April 4, 2019)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe first formal LGBT student organization at JMU was founded in the 1980s. Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL) created its original charter in the summer of 1983 and became officially recognized by university administration as a human rights organization in the fall of 1984. Their budget was approved at the February 14, 1985 SGA meeting which included a reimbursement for travel expenses to conferences at Virginia Tech and Virginia Commonwealth University from the previous semester. In the spring of 1985, Harmony was formed as a subgroup of LGL for straight allies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs part of their activities, LGL and Harmony published a newsletter, \"That Thing,\" to communicate with LGBTQ students. The first issue was published on February 17, 1985, running through at least February 1988. Additionally, they sponsored social and educational events including but not limited to Harmony Week, talent shows, social get-togethers, participation in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and generally advocated for the rights of LGBTQ students and promoted awareness of LGBTQ issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn February 19, 2003, prompted by student work to establish a Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender resource center, SGA submitted Bill of Opinion #1, which called for the creation of a university funded LGBT resource center at JMU with a part-time staff member to provide a safe and welcoming environment for students of the LGBT community. The proposed resource center would offer library materials for research and educational purposes including books, videos, pamphlets, articles, a computer, and a space for group discussion. An advisory committee was subsequently created to research and present a proposal to Dr. Mark Warner, Vice President of Student Affairs, with suggestions on how JMU could address LGBT resource needs. During the 2005-2006 academic year, the program was officially named LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program. The program changed its name in February 2019 to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. SOGIE works toward promoting JMU's commitment to diversity through education, support, advocacy and the fostering of equity for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression. The collection is titled according to this most recent name of JMU's student LGBTQ and ally organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should refer to the collection itself for a more comprehensive (but not exhaustive) history of JMU's LGBTQ student organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The first formal LGBT student organization at JMU was founded in the 1980s. Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL) created its original charter in the summer of 1983 and became officially recognized by university administration as a human rights organization in the fall of 1984. Their budget was approved at the February 14, 1985 SGA meeting which included a reimbursement for travel expenses to conferences at Virginia Tech and Virginia Commonwealth University from the previous semester. In the spring of 1985, Harmony was formed as a subgroup of LGL for straight allies.","As part of their activities, LGL and Harmony published a newsletter, \"That Thing,\" to communicate with LGBTQ students. The first issue was published on February 17, 1985, running through at least February 1988. Additionally, they sponsored social and educational events including but not limited to Harmony Week, talent shows, social get-togethers, participation in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and generally advocated for the rights of LGBTQ students and promoted awareness of LGBTQ issues.","On February 19, 2003, prompted by student work to establish a Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender resource center, SGA submitted Bill of Opinion #1, which called for the creation of a university funded LGBT resource center at JMU with a part-time staff member to provide a safe and welcoming environment for students of the LGBT community. The proposed resource center would offer library materials for research and educational purposes including books, videos, pamphlets, articles, a computer, and a space for group discussion. An advisory committee was subsequently created to research and present a proposal to Dr. Mark Warner, Vice President of Student Affairs, with suggestions on how JMU could address LGBT resource needs. During the 2005-2006 academic year, the program was officially named LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. The program changed its name in February 2019 to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. SOGIE works toward promoting JMU's commitment to diversity through education, support, advocacy and the fostering of equity for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression. The collection is titled according to this most recent name of JMU's student LGBTQ and ally organization.","Researchers should refer to the collection itself for a more comprehensive (but not exhaustive) history of JMU's LGBTQ student organizations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, UA 0013, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, UA 0013, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA scrapbook of magnetic photo pages comprising newspaper clippings, photographs, and ephemera was disbound. The three-ring binder that originally housed the scrapbook pages was discarded due to its poor condition. Each loose magnetic photo page is numbered according to its original order when bound. Blank pages located at the end of the scrapbook were discarded. A selection of of newspaper clippings that exhibited significant wear were photocopied and the originals discarded. The bulk of the clippings were kept intact in the condition in which they were transferred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the pages of the That Thing newsletter were loose and not otherwise arranged according to their specific issue. Where this was the case, the archivist made her best attempt at marrying pages together to make newsletter issues whole.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A scrapbook of magnetic photo pages comprising newspaper clippings, photographs, and ephemera was disbound. The three-ring binder that originally housed the scrapbook pages was discarded due to its poor condition. Each loose magnetic photo page is numbered according to its original order when bound. Blank pages located at the end of the scrapbook were discarded. A selection of of newspaper clippings that exhibited significant wear were photocopied and the originals discarded. The bulk of the clippings were kept intact in the condition in which they were transferred.","Some of the pages of the That Thing newsletter were loose and not otherwise arranged according to their specific issue. Where this was the case, the archivist made her best attempt at marrying pages together to make newsletter issues whole."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names including Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIssues of \"That Thing,\" the newsletter of Lambda Gamma Lambda and Harmony, span 1985 to 1988, with gaps. Duplicate copies were retained, but a full run of the publication is not extant. Per the publication's first issue, \"That Thing\" \"will provide a means of communicating with as much of JMU's gay population as possible...in bringing you the latest happenings in the gay community.\" Usual content included editorials, announcements, news items, and \"Miss Thing,\" an advice and etiquette column. Many of the newsletters are proofs of issues prior to being printed for distribution. The October 1987 issue is not titled \"That Thing,\" but instead \"LGL-Harmony.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings are largely from The Breeze and include letters to the editor, opinion pieces both in support and opposition of LGBTQ issues and students, and \"The Real World\" comic strip. Additional clippings on LGBTQ issues from were collected from national newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs document social events and programs facilitated by Lambda Gamma Lambda and LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program and include LGL's 1987 talent show, the spring 2005 \"Gay? Fine by me\" t-shirt event, and the inaugural Too Fabulous fundraiser. Along with newspaper clippings, the disbound scrapbook also contains photographs from the LGL-Harmony Farm Party and a Christmas party.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOutreach and programming materials produced by LGL, Harmony, the LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program, SOGIE, and DEEP Impact (Diversity Education Empowerment Program) include informational brochures, event fliers and programs, and invitations. Specific events include Harmony Week, James M. Holobaugh lecture, Lavender Graduation, Too Fabulous, Intersex Awareness Day, and LGBT Open Houses. The disbound scrapbook also includes outreach materials. A typescript version of Mariah Burton Nelson's one-act play \"Out of Bounds\" is included. Its connection to SOGIE is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also comprises resource material and brochures on LGBTQ issues and advocacy produced by allied groups not directly affiliated with JMU. These groups include the Gay \u0026amp; Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and The Standing Committee for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Awareness (SCBLBA) of the American College Personnel Association. Relatedly, the collection includes newsletters from the Alexandria Gay Community Association (AGCA), Arlington Virginia Gay Alliance (AVGA), Roanoke AIDS Project, Roanoke Valley Gay Alliance, and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHistories and timelines are included that document LGL and Harmony's mission and aims as well as the creation of the LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program. Documentation related to the LGBT Resource Center and a review of policies regarding JMU's LGBT communities complement these timelines. Researchers should be aware that the timelines are not exhaustive and do not provide a comprehensive history of LGBTQ advocacy at JMU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should note that examples of hate speech targeted at LGBTQ students at JMU are included in this collection. The hate speech was written on promotional materials created by Harmony that were distributed on campus. Two examples were written on the back of an election poster for a candidate running for SGA treasurer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names including Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","Issues of \"That Thing,\" the newsletter of Lambda Gamma Lambda and Harmony, span 1985 to 1988, with gaps. Duplicate copies were retained, but a full run of the publication is not extant. Per the publication's first issue, \"That Thing\" \"will provide a means of communicating with as much of JMU's gay population as possible...in bringing you the latest happenings in the gay community.\" Usual content included editorials, announcements, news items, and \"Miss Thing,\" an advice and etiquette column. Many of the newsletters are proofs of issues prior to being printed for distribution. The October 1987 issue is not titled \"That Thing,\" but instead \"LGL-Harmony.\"","Newspaper clippings are largely from The Breeze and include letters to the editor, opinion pieces both in support and opposition of LGBTQ issues and students, and \"The Real World\" comic strip. Additional clippings on LGBTQ issues from were collected from national newspapers.","Photographs document social events and programs facilitated by Lambda Gamma Lambda and LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program and include LGL's 1987 talent show, the spring 2005 \"Gay? Fine by me\" t-shirt event, and the inaugural Too Fabulous fundraiser. Along with newspaper clippings, the disbound scrapbook also contains photographs from the LGL-Harmony Farm Party and a Christmas party.","Outreach and programming materials produced by LGL, Harmony, the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program, SOGIE, and DEEP Impact (Diversity Education Empowerment Program) include informational brochures, event fliers and programs, and invitations. Specific events include Harmony Week, James M. Holobaugh lecture, Lavender Graduation, Too Fabulous, Intersex Awareness Day, and LGBT Open Houses. The disbound scrapbook also includes outreach materials. A typescript version of Mariah Burton Nelson's one-act play \"Out of Bounds\" is included. Its connection to SOGIE is unclear.","The collection also comprises resource material and brochures on LGBTQ issues and advocacy produced by allied groups not directly affiliated with JMU. These groups include the Gay \u0026 Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and The Standing Committee for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Awareness (SCBLBA) of the American College Personnel Association. Relatedly, the collection includes newsletters from the Alexandria Gay Community Association (AGCA), Arlington Virginia Gay Alliance (AVGA), Roanoke AIDS Project, Roanoke Valley Gay Alliance, and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.","Histories and timelines are included that document LGL and Harmony's mission and aims as well as the creation of the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. Documentation related to the LGBT Resource Center and a review of policies regarding JMU's LGBT communities complement these timelines. Researchers should be aware that the timelines are not exhaustive and do not provide a comprehensive history of LGBTQ advocacy at JMU. ","Researchers should note that examples of hate speech targeted at LGBTQ students at JMU are included in this collection. The hate speech was written on promotional materials created by Harmony that were distributed on campus. Two examples were written on the back of an election poster for a candidate running for SGA treasurer."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4e7467fc7be96c600b314a7c80a58aae\"\u003eThe Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings."],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:13:02.598Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_556","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_556.xml","title_ssm":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"title_tesim":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1984-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1984-2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0013","/repositories/4/resources/556"],"text":["UA 0013","/repositories/4/resources/556","Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records","Sexual minority college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Homosexuality and education -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Education, Higher -- Social aspects -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Gay college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Lesbian college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Bisexual college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Transgender college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","Complete issues of university or local newspapers that are otherwise held by Special Collections were not retained.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","\"About Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity \u0026 Expression (SOGIE) Programming,\" https://www.jmu.edu/healthcenter/TheWell/LGBTQ/about.shtml (accessed April 4, 2019).","The first formal LGBT student organization at JMU was founded in the 1980s. Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL) created its original charter in the summer of 1983 and became officially recognized by university administration as a human rights organization in the fall of 1984. Their budget was approved at the February 14, 1985 SGA meeting which included a reimbursement for travel expenses to conferences at Virginia Tech and Virginia Commonwealth University from the previous semester. In the spring of 1985, Harmony was formed as a subgroup of LGL for straight allies.","As part of their activities, LGL and Harmony published a newsletter, \"That Thing,\" to communicate with LGBTQ students. The first issue was published on February 17, 1985, running through at least February 1988. Additionally, they sponsored social and educational events including but not limited to Harmony Week, talent shows, social get-togethers, participation in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and generally advocated for the rights of LGBTQ students and promoted awareness of LGBTQ issues.","On February 19, 2003, prompted by student work to establish a Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender resource center, SGA submitted Bill of Opinion #1, which called for the creation of a university funded LGBT resource center at JMU with a part-time staff member to provide a safe and welcoming environment for students of the LGBT community. The proposed resource center would offer library materials for research and educational purposes including books, videos, pamphlets, articles, a computer, and a space for group discussion. An advisory committee was subsequently created to research and present a proposal to Dr. Mark Warner, Vice President of Student Affairs, with suggestions on how JMU could address LGBT resource needs. During the 2005-2006 academic year, the program was officially named LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. The program changed its name in February 2019 to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. SOGIE works toward promoting JMU's commitment to diversity through education, support, advocacy and the fostering of equity for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression. The collection is titled according to this most recent name of JMU's student LGBTQ and ally organization.","Researchers should refer to the collection itself for a more comprehensive (but not exhaustive) history of JMU's LGBTQ student organizations.","A scrapbook of magnetic photo pages comprising newspaper clippings, photographs, and ephemera was disbound. The three-ring binder that originally housed the scrapbook pages was discarded due to its poor condition. Each loose magnetic photo page is numbered according to its original order when bound. Blank pages located at the end of the scrapbook were discarded. A selection of of newspaper clippings that exhibited significant wear were photocopied and the originals discarded. The bulk of the clippings were kept intact in the condition in which they were transferred.","Some of the pages of the That Thing newsletter were loose and not otherwise arranged according to their specific issue. Where this was the case, the archivist made her best attempt at marrying pages together to make newsletter issues whole.","The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names including Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","Issues of \"That Thing,\" the newsletter of Lambda Gamma Lambda and Harmony, span 1985 to 1988, with gaps. Duplicate copies were retained, but a full run of the publication is not extant. Per the publication's first issue, \"That Thing\" \"will provide a means of communicating with as much of JMU's gay population as possible...in bringing you the latest happenings in the gay community.\" Usual content included editorials, announcements, news items, and \"Miss Thing,\" an advice and etiquette column. Many of the newsletters are proofs of issues prior to being printed for distribution. The October 1987 issue is not titled \"That Thing,\" but instead \"LGL-Harmony.\"","Newspaper clippings are largely from The Breeze and include letters to the editor, opinion pieces both in support and opposition of LGBTQ issues and students, and \"The Real World\" comic strip. Additional clippings on LGBTQ issues from were collected from national newspapers.","Photographs document social events and programs facilitated by Lambda Gamma Lambda and LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program and include LGL's 1987 talent show, the spring 2005 \"Gay? Fine by me\" t-shirt event, and the inaugural Too Fabulous fundraiser. Along with newspaper clippings, the disbound scrapbook also contains photographs from the LGL-Harmony Farm Party and a Christmas party.","Outreach and programming materials produced by LGL, Harmony, the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program, SOGIE, and DEEP Impact (Diversity Education Empowerment Program) include informational brochures, event fliers and programs, and invitations. Specific events include Harmony Week, James M. Holobaugh lecture, Lavender Graduation, Too Fabulous, Intersex Awareness Day, and LGBT Open Houses. The disbound scrapbook also includes outreach materials. A typescript version of Mariah Burton Nelson's one-act play \"Out of Bounds\" is included. Its connection to SOGIE is unclear.","The collection also comprises resource material and brochures on LGBTQ issues and advocacy produced by allied groups not directly affiliated with JMU. These groups include the Gay \u0026 Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and The Standing Committee for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Awareness (SCBLBA) of the American College Personnel Association. Relatedly, the collection includes newsletters from the Alexandria Gay Community Association (AGCA), Arlington Virginia Gay Alliance (AVGA), Roanoke AIDS Project, Roanoke Valley Gay Alliance, and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.","Histories and timelines are included that document LGL and Harmony's mission and aims as well as the creation of the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. Documentation related to the LGBT Resource Center and a review of policies regarding JMU's LGBT communities complement these timelines. Researchers should be aware that the timelines are not exhaustive and do not provide a comprehensive history of LGBTQ advocacy at JMU. ","Researchers should note that examples of hate speech targeted at LGBTQ students at JMU are included in this collection. The hate speech was written on promotional materials created by Harmony that were distributed on campus. Two examples were written on the back of an election poster for a candidate running for SGA treasurer.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0013","/repositories/4/resources/556"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"collection_ssim":["Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transferred to Special Collections by Jennifer Iwerks, Assistant Director of SOGIE, in March 2019 with a second accrual in February 2021. Additional fliers were transferred in 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Sexual minority college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Homosexuality and education -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Education, Higher -- Social aspects -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Gay college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Lesbian college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Bisexual college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Transgender college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Sexual minority college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Homosexuality and education -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Education, Higher -- Social aspects -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Gay college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Lesbian college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Bisexual college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Transgender college students -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.43 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.43 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Newsletters","Newspaper clippings","Timelines (chronologies)","Brochures","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComplete issues of university or local newspapers that are otherwise held by Special Collections were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Complete issues of university or local newspapers that are otherwise held by Special Collections were not retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"About Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity \u0026amp; Expression (SOGIE) Programming,\" https://www.jmu.edu/healthcenter/TheWell/LGBTQ/about.shtml (accessed April 4, 2019).\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"About Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity \u0026 Expression (SOGIE) Programming,\" https://www.jmu.edu/healthcenter/TheWell/LGBTQ/about.shtml (accessed April 4, 2019)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe first formal LGBT student organization at JMU was founded in the 1980s. Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL) created its original charter in the summer of 1983 and became officially recognized by university administration as a human rights organization in the fall of 1984. Their budget was approved at the February 14, 1985 SGA meeting which included a reimbursement for travel expenses to conferences at Virginia Tech and Virginia Commonwealth University from the previous semester. In the spring of 1985, Harmony was formed as a subgroup of LGL for straight allies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs part of their activities, LGL and Harmony published a newsletter, \"That Thing,\" to communicate with LGBTQ students. The first issue was published on February 17, 1985, running through at least February 1988. Additionally, they sponsored social and educational events including but not limited to Harmony Week, talent shows, social get-togethers, participation in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and generally advocated for the rights of LGBTQ students and promoted awareness of LGBTQ issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn February 19, 2003, prompted by student work to establish a Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender resource center, SGA submitted Bill of Opinion #1, which called for the creation of a university funded LGBT resource center at JMU with a part-time staff member to provide a safe and welcoming environment for students of the LGBT community. The proposed resource center would offer library materials for research and educational purposes including books, videos, pamphlets, articles, a computer, and a space for group discussion. An advisory committee was subsequently created to research and present a proposal to Dr. Mark Warner, Vice President of Student Affairs, with suggestions on how JMU could address LGBT resource needs. During the 2005-2006 academic year, the program was officially named LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program. The program changed its name in February 2019 to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. SOGIE works toward promoting JMU's commitment to diversity through education, support, advocacy and the fostering of equity for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression. The collection is titled according to this most recent name of JMU's student LGBTQ and ally organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should refer to the collection itself for a more comprehensive (but not exhaustive) history of JMU's LGBTQ student organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The first formal LGBT student organization at JMU was founded in the 1980s. Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL) created its original charter in the summer of 1983 and became officially recognized by university administration as a human rights organization in the fall of 1984. Their budget was approved at the February 14, 1985 SGA meeting which included a reimbursement for travel expenses to conferences at Virginia Tech and Virginia Commonwealth University from the previous semester. In the spring of 1985, Harmony was formed as a subgroup of LGL for straight allies.","As part of their activities, LGL and Harmony published a newsletter, \"That Thing,\" to communicate with LGBTQ students. The first issue was published on February 17, 1985, running through at least February 1988. Additionally, they sponsored social and educational events including but not limited to Harmony Week, talent shows, social get-togethers, participation in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and generally advocated for the rights of LGBTQ students and promoted awareness of LGBTQ issues.","On February 19, 2003, prompted by student work to establish a Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender resource center, SGA submitted Bill of Opinion #1, which called for the creation of a university funded LGBT resource center at JMU with a part-time staff member to provide a safe and welcoming environment for students of the LGBT community. The proposed resource center would offer library materials for research and educational purposes including books, videos, pamphlets, articles, a computer, and a space for group discussion. An advisory committee was subsequently created to research and present a proposal to Dr. Mark Warner, Vice President of Student Affairs, with suggestions on how JMU could address LGBT resource needs. During the 2005-2006 academic year, the program was officially named LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. The program changed its name in February 2019 to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. SOGIE works toward promoting JMU's commitment to diversity through education, support, advocacy and the fostering of equity for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression. The collection is titled according to this most recent name of JMU's student LGBTQ and ally organization.","Researchers should refer to the collection itself for a more comprehensive (but not exhaustive) history of JMU's LGBTQ student organizations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, UA 0013, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, UA 0013, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA scrapbook of magnetic photo pages comprising newspaper clippings, photographs, and ephemera was disbound. The three-ring binder that originally housed the scrapbook pages was discarded due to its poor condition. Each loose magnetic photo page is numbered according to its original order when bound. Blank pages located at the end of the scrapbook were discarded. A selection of of newspaper clippings that exhibited significant wear were photocopied and the originals discarded. The bulk of the clippings were kept intact in the condition in which they were transferred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the pages of the That Thing newsletter were loose and not otherwise arranged according to their specific issue. Where this was the case, the archivist made her best attempt at marrying pages together to make newsletter issues whole.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A scrapbook of magnetic photo pages comprising newspaper clippings, photographs, and ephemera was disbound. The three-ring binder that originally housed the scrapbook pages was discarded due to its poor condition. Each loose magnetic photo page is numbered according to its original order when bound. Blank pages located at the end of the scrapbook were discarded. A selection of of newspaper clippings that exhibited significant wear were photocopied and the originals discarded. The bulk of the clippings were kept intact in the condition in which they were transferred.","Some of the pages of the That Thing newsletter were loose and not otherwise arranged according to their specific issue. Where this was the case, the archivist made her best attempt at marrying pages together to make newsletter issues whole."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names including Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIssues of \"That Thing,\" the newsletter of Lambda Gamma Lambda and Harmony, span 1985 to 1988, with gaps. Duplicate copies were retained, but a full run of the publication is not extant. Per the publication's first issue, \"That Thing\" \"will provide a means of communicating with as much of JMU's gay population as possible...in bringing you the latest happenings in the gay community.\" Usual content included editorials, announcements, news items, and \"Miss Thing,\" an advice and etiquette column. Many of the newsletters are proofs of issues prior to being printed for distribution. The October 1987 issue is not titled \"That Thing,\" but instead \"LGL-Harmony.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings are largely from The Breeze and include letters to the editor, opinion pieces both in support and opposition of LGBTQ issues and students, and \"The Real World\" comic strip. Additional clippings on LGBTQ issues from were collected from national newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs document social events and programs facilitated by Lambda Gamma Lambda and LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program and include LGL's 1987 talent show, the spring 2005 \"Gay? Fine by me\" t-shirt event, and the inaugural Too Fabulous fundraiser. Along with newspaper clippings, the disbound scrapbook also contains photographs from the LGL-Harmony Farm Party and a Christmas party.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOutreach and programming materials produced by LGL, Harmony, the LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program, SOGIE, and DEEP Impact (Diversity Education Empowerment Program) include informational brochures, event fliers and programs, and invitations. Specific events include Harmony Week, James M. Holobaugh lecture, Lavender Graduation, Too Fabulous, Intersex Awareness Day, and LGBT Open Houses. The disbound scrapbook also includes outreach materials. A typescript version of Mariah Burton Nelson's one-act play \"Out of Bounds\" is included. Its connection to SOGIE is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also comprises resource material and brochures on LGBTQ issues and advocacy produced by allied groups not directly affiliated with JMU. These groups include the Gay \u0026amp; Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and The Standing Committee for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Awareness (SCBLBA) of the American College Personnel Association. Relatedly, the collection includes newsletters from the Alexandria Gay Community Association (AGCA), Arlington Virginia Gay Alliance (AVGA), Roanoke AIDS Project, Roanoke Valley Gay Alliance, and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHistories and timelines are included that document LGL and Harmony's mission and aims as well as the creation of the LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program. Documentation related to the LGBT Resource Center and a review of policies regarding JMU's LGBT communities complement these timelines. Researchers should be aware that the timelines are not exhaustive and do not provide a comprehensive history of LGBTQ advocacy at JMU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should note that examples of hate speech targeted at LGBTQ students at JMU are included in this collection. The hate speech was written on promotional materials created by Harmony that were distributed on campus. Two examples were written on the back of an election poster for a candidate running for SGA treasurer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names including Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.","Issues of \"That Thing,\" the newsletter of Lambda Gamma Lambda and Harmony, span 1985 to 1988, with gaps. Duplicate copies were retained, but a full run of the publication is not extant. Per the publication's first issue, \"That Thing\" \"will provide a means of communicating with as much of JMU's gay population as possible...in bringing you the latest happenings in the gay community.\" Usual content included editorials, announcements, news items, and \"Miss Thing,\" an advice and etiquette column. Many of the newsletters are proofs of issues prior to being printed for distribution. The October 1987 issue is not titled \"That Thing,\" but instead \"LGL-Harmony.\"","Newspaper clippings are largely from The Breeze and include letters to the editor, opinion pieces both in support and opposition of LGBTQ issues and students, and \"The Real World\" comic strip. Additional clippings on LGBTQ issues from were collected from national newspapers.","Photographs document social events and programs facilitated by Lambda Gamma Lambda and LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program and include LGL's 1987 talent show, the spring 2005 \"Gay? Fine by me\" t-shirt event, and the inaugural Too Fabulous fundraiser. Along with newspaper clippings, the disbound scrapbook also contains photographs from the LGL-Harmony Farm Party and a Christmas party.","Outreach and programming materials produced by LGL, Harmony, the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program, SOGIE, and DEEP Impact (Diversity Education Empowerment Program) include informational brochures, event fliers and programs, and invitations. Specific events include Harmony Week, James M. Holobaugh lecture, Lavender Graduation, Too Fabulous, Intersex Awareness Day, and LGBT Open Houses. The disbound scrapbook also includes outreach materials. A typescript version of Mariah Burton Nelson's one-act play \"Out of Bounds\" is included. Its connection to SOGIE is unclear.","The collection also comprises resource material and brochures on LGBTQ issues and advocacy produced by allied groups not directly affiliated with JMU. These groups include the Gay \u0026 Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and The Standing Committee for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Awareness (SCBLBA) of the American College Personnel Association. Relatedly, the collection includes newsletters from the Alexandria Gay Community Association (AGCA), Arlington Virginia Gay Alliance (AVGA), Roanoke AIDS Project, Roanoke Valley Gay Alliance, and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.","Histories and timelines are included that document LGL and Harmony's mission and aims as well as the creation of the LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program. Documentation related to the LGBT Resource Center and a review of policies regarding JMU's LGBT communities complement these timelines. Researchers should be aware that the timelines are not exhaustive and do not provide a comprehensive history of LGBTQ advocacy at JMU. ","Researchers should note that examples of hate speech targeted at LGBTQ students at JMU are included in this collection. The hate speech was written on promotional materials created by Harmony that were distributed on campus. Two examples were written on the back of an election poster for a candidate running for SGA treasurer."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4e7467fc7be96c600b314a7c80a58aae\"\u003eThe Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026amp; Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Programming Records, 1984-2024, document the LGBTQ student group at JMU under its various organizational names incuding Lambda Gamma Lambda (LGL); Harmony; LGBT \u0026 Ally Education Program; and Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming. Records include newsletters, photographs, resources and brochures produced by SOGIE and allied groups, outreach and promotional materials, and newspaper clippings."],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) Programming (February 2019-)","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-08T07:13:02.598Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_556"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_399#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_399#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_399.xml","title_ssm":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"title_tesim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1977-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1977-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0230","/repositories/4/resources/399"],"text":["SC 0230","/repositories/4/resources/399","Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Bicycles -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Cycling -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Athletic clubs -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Sports -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","A digital version of the full run of SVBC newsletters is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/ . A digital version of SVBC board meeting minutes and monthly social minutes is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/ .","The collection is arranged in three series. All series are arranged chronologically.","Newsletters, 1983-2018 Administrative Files, 1983-2015 Ride Materials, 1977-2018","Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. http://svbcoalition.org. Accessed May 8, 2017.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club, formed in December 1982 as a road cycling club. The idea of forming a local bicycle club had been in the works since 1981 and after James Fulton, President of the League of American Wheelman, visited the Shenandoah Valley in December 1982, it was decided that the Valley was ready to play a more active role in the in the growing sport of bicycling. The club was founded with the basic purpose of providing \"opportunities for extending the individuals knowledge and appreciation of his/her environment and abilities through the experience in bicycling.\" The founding officers were Mark Nissley, President; Bruce Werner, Vice President; Ray Miller, Secretary and L.A.W. Representative; Sue Rippy, Treasurer; Norm Gulliksen, Touring Director; and L. B. Branner, Newsletter Editor.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition hosts weekly, monthly, and annual rides with the most noted and longest running being the annual Shenandoah Valley Century, a 100-mile bicycle ride. This annual ride began in 1983 and takes place in September, coinciding with National Century Month. Rides of various lengths are offered at this event to accommodate all abilities and skillsets. Other SVBC-sponsored rides of note include the Annual Icicle Bike Ride (January 1), the Annual Super Bowl Sunday Ride, and the Annual Great Valley Interstate Tour from Harrisburg (PA) to Harrisonburg (VA) (AGVITHH). The starting location and final destination of AGVITHH rotated every year.","In 2008, the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club merged with the Shenandoah Valley Mountain Bike Club (founded in 1996) to form the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition.","Newsletters were removed from three-ring binders and foldered chronologically by year. An additional file of newsletters was interfiled and all duplicate copies were retained. The archivist removed correspondence and certificates that were interleaved within the newsletters and organized them chronologically according to document type.","The MailChimp accession included membership lists, account activity, and various reports on geolocations, opens, clicks, etc., which are restricted due to the presence of personally identifying information. Electronic newsletter content and images are accessible in their exported formats as text files and chrome html documents. The folder containing electronic newsletters was originally titled, \"campaign_content\" which is the terminology MailChimp uses for its messaging, and was renamed to \"Newsletters\" in keeping with the physical documentation. SC staff removed 23 files that were empty. Original filenames have been retained. Newsletter images are comprised of ~1500 jpegs (converted from pngs, jfifs, and gifs) which presumably accompanied all electronic messages. The original filenames have been retained. ","SVBC Meeting minutes downloaded from the website in 2018, were converted from word documents to pdf in 2019 for access copies. Files were renamed at the point that they were downloaded in 2018.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","Series 1: Newsletters, 1983-2018, comprises exclusively physical and digital newsletters produced by the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. The first issue of the SVBC newsletter was issued in March 1983. This series includes a full run of newsletters beginning with the inaugural issue through 2006 with the exception of the following missing newsletters: December 1988, January 1991, April-July 1995, January/February-March 1996. From there after, only the January/February 2007 and April 2008 issues are present in physical form, though a full run of digital copies (pdfs) is available from 2007-2010. From April 2008 until May of 2010, the newsletter adopted the name The Mellow Vélo, after the French translation of bicycle. The newsletters were issued monthly or bi-monthly and provided news stories, a calendar of upcoming meetings and events, member news, classifieds, information on rides, and general happenings within the SVBC. Newsletters issued 2007-2010 are available as pdfs only, as well as the following issues, which are not available in a physical copy: April-May 1998, May 2004, August 2005. Starting in May 2010, newsletters were sent to members electronically using the content manager, MailChimp; these are available as html files and text files. They retain the original filenames, which do not include the date, but they are listed in chronological order.","Series 2: Administrative Files, 1983-2015, contains scattered SVBC organizational records and includes handwritten meeting minutes, digital meeting minutes, board meeting minutes, SVBC's 1992 Constitution and Bylaws, awards and certificates, correspondence, and treasurer's reports, and Several Adopt-A-Highway Certificates of Appreciation are included as is a copy of the May 1999 Certificate of Recognition of Bicycle Month by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The correspondence is primarily thank-you cards and letters for donations made by SVBC to local organizations and scholarship funds.","Series 3: Ride Materials, 1977-2018, includes documents relating to various rides. The Shenandoah Valley Century Ride including posters, route maps and cue sheets, and brochures. Ride Summaries includes documents written by Art Fovargue summarizing the following rides: American Cancer Society, American Lung Association of Virginia Treks, Bike Aid, Bike Shenandoah, Fall Foliage Bike Festival, National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) MS150 event, Tour and Taste, Tour duPont, and Tour deValley. The series also contains 521 digital images from SVBC events, from 2008-2017. Digital materials in this series include both born-digital content as well as images of original documents.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0230","/repositories/4/resources/399"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"collection_ssim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated in several accessions. On January 30, 2017, SVBC members, Art Fovargue and Marshall Hammond delivered materials to Carrier Library on bicycle. On July 20, 2018, a second donation was made by Art Fovargue, which consisted of paper and digital images of newsletters, meeting notes, and ride information, transferred to the Special Collections from a flashdrive, which was retained by the donor. In July 23, 2018, a third accession was made by Kyle Lawrence, who transferred MailChimp account information to Special Collections via google drive. SC staff also downloaded meeting minutes from the SVBC website at this time. Art Fovargue made a donation in April 2019 of GEAR ride maps and badges, which was added to existing folders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bicycles -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Cycling -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Athletic clubs -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Sports -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bicycles -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Cycling -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Athletic clubs -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Sports -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.9 cubic feet 5 boxes","2.6  Gigabytes 2,738 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["1.9 cubic feet 5 boxes","2.6  Gigabytes 2,738 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters"],"date_range_isim":[1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA digital version of the full run of SVBC newsletters is available at: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/\"\u003ehttp://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/\u003c/extref\u003e. A digital version of SVBC board meeting minutes and monthly social minutes is available at: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/\"\u003ehttp://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["A digital version of the full run of SVBC newsletters is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/ . A digital version of SVBC board meeting minutes and monthly social minutes is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/ ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series. All series are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eNewsletters, 1983-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1983-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eRide Materials, 1977-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series. All series are arranged chronologically.","Newsletters, 1983-2018 Administrative Files, 1983-2015 Ride Materials, 1977-2018"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eShenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. http://svbcoalition.org. Accessed May 8, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. http://svbcoalition.org. Accessed May 8, 2017."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club, formed in December 1982 as a road cycling club. The idea of forming a local bicycle club had been in the works since 1981 and after James Fulton, President of the League of American Wheelman, visited the Shenandoah Valley in December 1982, it was decided that the Valley was ready to play a more active role in the in the growing sport of bicycling. The club was founded with the basic purpose of providing \"opportunities for extending the individuals knowledge and appreciation of his/her environment and abilities through the experience in bicycling.\" The founding officers were Mark Nissley, President; Bruce Werner, Vice President; Ray Miller, Secretary and L.A.W. Representative; Sue Rippy, Treasurer; Norm Gulliksen, Touring Director; and L. B. Branner, Newsletter Editor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition hosts weekly, monthly, and annual rides with the most noted and longest running being the annual Shenandoah Valley Century, a 100-mile bicycle ride. This annual ride began in 1983 and takes place in September, coinciding with National Century Month. Rides of various lengths are offered at this event to accommodate all abilities and skillsets. Other SVBC-sponsored rides of note include the Annual Icicle Bike Ride (January 1), the Annual Super Bowl Sunday Ride, and the Annual Great Valley Interstate Tour from Harrisburg (PA) to Harrisonburg (VA) (AGVITHH). The starting location and final destination of AGVITHH rotated every year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2008, the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club merged with the Shenandoah Valley Mountain Bike Club (founded in 1996) to form the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club, formed in December 1982 as a road cycling club. The idea of forming a local bicycle club had been in the works since 1981 and after James Fulton, President of the League of American Wheelman, visited the Shenandoah Valley in December 1982, it was decided that the Valley was ready to play a more active role in the in the growing sport of bicycling. The club was founded with the basic purpose of providing \"opportunities for extending the individuals knowledge and appreciation of his/her environment and abilities through the experience in bicycling.\" The founding officers were Mark Nissley, President; Bruce Werner, Vice President; Ray Miller, Secretary and L.A.W. Representative; Sue Rippy, Treasurer; Norm Gulliksen, Touring Director; and L. B. Branner, Newsletter Editor.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition hosts weekly, monthly, and annual rides with the most noted and longest running being the annual Shenandoah Valley Century, a 100-mile bicycle ride. This annual ride began in 1983 and takes place in September, coinciding with National Century Month. Rides of various lengths are offered at this event to accommodate all abilities and skillsets. Other SVBC-sponsored rides of note include the Annual Icicle Bike Ride (January 1), the Annual Super Bowl Sunday Ride, and the Annual Great Valley Interstate Tour from Harrisburg (PA) to Harrisonburg (VA) (AGVITHH). The starting location and final destination of AGVITHH rotated every year.","In 2008, the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club merged with the Shenandoah Valley Mountain Bike Club (founded in 1996) to form the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, SC 0230, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, SC 0230, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNewsletters were removed from three-ring binders and foldered chronologically by year. An additional file of newsletters was interfiled and all duplicate copies were retained. The archivist removed correspondence and certificates that were interleaved within the newsletters and organized them chronologically according to document type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe MailChimp accession included membership lists, account activity, and various reports on geolocations, opens, clicks, etc., which are restricted due to the presence of personally identifying information. Electronic newsletter content and images are accessible in their exported formats as text files and chrome html documents. The folder containing electronic newsletters was originally titled, \"campaign_content\" which is the terminology MailChimp uses for its messaging, and was renamed to \"Newsletters\" in keeping with the physical documentation. SC staff removed 23 files that were empty. Original filenames have been retained. Newsletter images are comprised of ~1500 jpegs (converted from pngs, jfifs, and gifs) which presumably accompanied all electronic messages. The original filenames have been retained. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSVBC Meeting minutes downloaded from the website in 2018, were converted from word documents to pdf in 2019 for access copies. Files were renamed at the point that they were downloaded in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Newsletters were removed from three-ring binders and foldered chronologically by year. An additional file of newsletters was interfiled and all duplicate copies were retained. The archivist removed correspondence and certificates that were interleaved within the newsletters and organized them chronologically according to document type.","The MailChimp accession included membership lists, account activity, and various reports on geolocations, opens, clicks, etc., which are restricted due to the presence of personally identifying information. Electronic newsletter content and images are accessible in their exported formats as text files and chrome html documents. The folder containing electronic newsletters was originally titled, \"campaign_content\" which is the terminology MailChimp uses for its messaging, and was renamed to \"Newsletters\" in keeping with the physical documentation. SC staff removed 23 files that were empty. Original filenames have been retained. Newsletter images are comprised of ~1500 jpegs (converted from pngs, jfifs, and gifs) which presumably accompanied all electronic messages. The original filenames have been retained. ","SVBC Meeting minutes downloaded from the website in 2018, were converted from word documents to pdf in 2019 for access copies. Files were renamed at the point that they were downloaded in 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Newsletters, 1983-2018, comprises exclusively physical and digital newsletters produced by the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. The first issue of the SVBC newsletter was issued in March 1983. This series includes a full run of newsletters beginning with the inaugural issue through 2006 with the exception of the following missing newsletters: December 1988, January 1991, April-July 1995, January/February-March 1996. From there after, only the January/February 2007 and April 2008 issues are present in physical form, though a full run of digital copies (pdfs) is available from 2007-2010. From April 2008 until May of 2010, the newsletter adopted the name The Mellow Vélo, after the French translation of bicycle. The newsletters were issued monthly or bi-monthly and provided news stories, a calendar of upcoming meetings and events, member news, classifieds, information on rides, and general happenings within the SVBC. Newsletters issued 2007-2010 are available as pdfs only, as well as the following issues, which are not available in a physical copy: April-May 1998, May 2004, August 2005. Starting in May 2010, newsletters were sent to members electronically using the content manager, MailChimp; these are available as html files and text files. They retain the original filenames, which do not include the date, but they are listed in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Administrative Files, 1983-2015, contains scattered SVBC organizational records and includes handwritten meeting minutes, digital meeting minutes, board meeting minutes, SVBC's 1992 Constitution and Bylaws, awards and certificates, correspondence, and treasurer's reports, and Several Adopt-A-Highway Certificates of Appreciation are included as is a copy of the May 1999 Certificate of Recognition of Bicycle Month by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The correspondence is primarily thank-you cards and letters for donations made by SVBC to local organizations and scholarship funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ride Materials, 1977-2018, includes documents relating to various rides. The Shenandoah Valley Century Ride including posters, route maps and cue sheets, and brochures. Ride Summaries includes documents written by Art Fovargue summarizing the following rides: American Cancer Society, American Lung Association of Virginia Treks, Bike Aid, Bike Shenandoah, Fall Foliage Bike Festival, National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) MS150 event, Tour and Taste, Tour duPont, and Tour deValley. The series also contains 521 digital images from SVBC events, from 2008-2017. Digital materials in this series include both born-digital content as well as images of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","Series 1: Newsletters, 1983-2018, comprises exclusively physical and digital newsletters produced by the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. The first issue of the SVBC newsletter was issued in March 1983. This series includes a full run of newsletters beginning with the inaugural issue through 2006 with the exception of the following missing newsletters: December 1988, January 1991, April-July 1995, January/February-March 1996. From there after, only the January/February 2007 and April 2008 issues are present in physical form, though a full run of digital copies (pdfs) is available from 2007-2010. From April 2008 until May of 2010, the newsletter adopted the name The Mellow Vélo, after the French translation of bicycle. The newsletters were issued monthly or bi-monthly and provided news stories, a calendar of upcoming meetings and events, member news, classifieds, information on rides, and general happenings within the SVBC. Newsletters issued 2007-2010 are available as pdfs only, as well as the following issues, which are not available in a physical copy: April-May 1998, May 2004, August 2005. Starting in May 2010, newsletters were sent to members electronically using the content manager, MailChimp; these are available as html files and text files. They retain the original filenames, which do not include the date, but they are listed in chronological order.","Series 2: Administrative Files, 1983-2015, contains scattered SVBC organizational records and includes handwritten meeting minutes, digital meeting minutes, board meeting minutes, SVBC's 1992 Constitution and Bylaws, awards and certificates, correspondence, and treasurer's reports, and Several Adopt-A-Highway Certificates of Appreciation are included as is a copy of the May 1999 Certificate of Recognition of Bicycle Month by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The correspondence is primarily thank-you cards and letters for donations made by SVBC to local organizations and scholarship funds.","Series 3: Ride Materials, 1977-2018, includes documents relating to various rides. The Shenandoah Valley Century Ride including posters, route maps and cue sheets, and brochures. Ride Summaries includes documents written by Art Fovargue summarizing the following rides: American Cancer Society, American Lung Association of Virginia Treks, Bike Aid, Bike Shenandoah, Fall Foliage Bike Festival, National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) MS150 event, Tour and Taste, Tour duPont, and Tour deValley. The series also contains 521 digital images from SVBC events, from 2008-2017. Digital materials in this series include both born-digital content as well as images of original documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1c5117a83f4d5ac55b4ddff5aa8dbc62\"\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:57:44.489Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_399","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_399.xml","title_ssm":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"title_tesim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1977-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1977-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0230","/repositories/4/resources/399"],"text":["SC 0230","/repositories/4/resources/399","Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Bicycles -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Cycling -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Athletic clubs -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Sports -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","A digital version of the full run of SVBC newsletters is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/ . A digital version of SVBC board meeting minutes and monthly social minutes is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/ .","The collection is arranged in three series. All series are arranged chronologically.","Newsletters, 1983-2018 Administrative Files, 1983-2015 Ride Materials, 1977-2018","Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. http://svbcoalition.org. Accessed May 8, 2017.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club, formed in December 1982 as a road cycling club. The idea of forming a local bicycle club had been in the works since 1981 and after James Fulton, President of the League of American Wheelman, visited the Shenandoah Valley in December 1982, it was decided that the Valley was ready to play a more active role in the in the growing sport of bicycling. The club was founded with the basic purpose of providing \"opportunities for extending the individuals knowledge and appreciation of his/her environment and abilities through the experience in bicycling.\" The founding officers were Mark Nissley, President; Bruce Werner, Vice President; Ray Miller, Secretary and L.A.W. Representative; Sue Rippy, Treasurer; Norm Gulliksen, Touring Director; and L. B. Branner, Newsletter Editor.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition hosts weekly, monthly, and annual rides with the most noted and longest running being the annual Shenandoah Valley Century, a 100-mile bicycle ride. This annual ride began in 1983 and takes place in September, coinciding with National Century Month. Rides of various lengths are offered at this event to accommodate all abilities and skillsets. Other SVBC-sponsored rides of note include the Annual Icicle Bike Ride (January 1), the Annual Super Bowl Sunday Ride, and the Annual Great Valley Interstate Tour from Harrisburg (PA) to Harrisonburg (VA) (AGVITHH). The starting location and final destination of AGVITHH rotated every year.","In 2008, the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club merged with the Shenandoah Valley Mountain Bike Club (founded in 1996) to form the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition.","Newsletters were removed from three-ring binders and foldered chronologically by year. An additional file of newsletters was interfiled and all duplicate copies were retained. The archivist removed correspondence and certificates that were interleaved within the newsletters and organized them chronologically according to document type.","The MailChimp accession included membership lists, account activity, and various reports on geolocations, opens, clicks, etc., which are restricted due to the presence of personally identifying information. Electronic newsletter content and images are accessible in their exported formats as text files and chrome html documents. The folder containing electronic newsletters was originally titled, \"campaign_content\" which is the terminology MailChimp uses for its messaging, and was renamed to \"Newsletters\" in keeping with the physical documentation. SC staff removed 23 files that were empty. Original filenames have been retained. Newsletter images are comprised of ~1500 jpegs (converted from pngs, jfifs, and gifs) which presumably accompanied all electronic messages. The original filenames have been retained. ","SVBC Meeting minutes downloaded from the website in 2018, were converted from word documents to pdf in 2019 for access copies. Files were renamed at the point that they were downloaded in 2018.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","Series 1: Newsletters, 1983-2018, comprises exclusively physical and digital newsletters produced by the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. The first issue of the SVBC newsletter was issued in March 1983. This series includes a full run of newsletters beginning with the inaugural issue through 2006 with the exception of the following missing newsletters: December 1988, January 1991, April-July 1995, January/February-March 1996. From there after, only the January/February 2007 and April 2008 issues are present in physical form, though a full run of digital copies (pdfs) is available from 2007-2010. From April 2008 until May of 2010, the newsletter adopted the name The Mellow Vélo, after the French translation of bicycle. The newsletters were issued monthly or bi-monthly and provided news stories, a calendar of upcoming meetings and events, member news, classifieds, information on rides, and general happenings within the SVBC. Newsletters issued 2007-2010 are available as pdfs only, as well as the following issues, which are not available in a physical copy: April-May 1998, May 2004, August 2005. Starting in May 2010, newsletters were sent to members electronically using the content manager, MailChimp; these are available as html files and text files. They retain the original filenames, which do not include the date, but they are listed in chronological order.","Series 2: Administrative Files, 1983-2015, contains scattered SVBC organizational records and includes handwritten meeting minutes, digital meeting minutes, board meeting minutes, SVBC's 1992 Constitution and Bylaws, awards and certificates, correspondence, and treasurer's reports, and Several Adopt-A-Highway Certificates of Appreciation are included as is a copy of the May 1999 Certificate of Recognition of Bicycle Month by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The correspondence is primarily thank-you cards and letters for donations made by SVBC to local organizations and scholarship funds.","Series 3: Ride Materials, 1977-2018, includes documents relating to various rides. The Shenandoah Valley Century Ride including posters, route maps and cue sheets, and brochures. Ride Summaries includes documents written by Art Fovargue summarizing the following rides: American Cancer Society, American Lung Association of Virginia Treks, Bike Aid, Bike Shenandoah, Fall Foliage Bike Festival, National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) MS150 event, Tour and Taste, Tour duPont, and Tour deValley. The series also contains 521 digital images from SVBC events, from 2008-2017. Digital materials in this series include both born-digital content as well as images of original documents.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0230","/repositories/4/resources/399"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"collection_ssim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated in several accessions. On January 30, 2017, SVBC members, Art Fovargue and Marshall Hammond delivered materials to Carrier Library on bicycle. On July 20, 2018, a second donation was made by Art Fovargue, which consisted of paper and digital images of newsletters, meeting notes, and ride information, transferred to the Special Collections from a flashdrive, which was retained by the donor. In July 23, 2018, a third accession was made by Kyle Lawrence, who transferred MailChimp account information to Special Collections via google drive. SC staff also downloaded meeting minutes from the SVBC website at this time. Art Fovargue made a donation in April 2019 of GEAR ride maps and badges, which was added to existing folders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bicycles -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Cycling -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Athletic clubs -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Sports -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bicycles -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Cycling -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Athletic clubs -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Sports -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.9 cubic feet 5 boxes","2.6  Gigabytes 2,738 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["1.9 cubic feet 5 boxes","2.6  Gigabytes 2,738 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Newsletters","Letters (correspondence)","Maps (documents)","Minutes (administrative records)","Awards","Certificates","Administrative reports","Brochures","Constitutions","Bylaws (administrative records)","Posters"],"date_range_isim":[1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA digital version of the full run of SVBC newsletters is available at: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/\"\u003ehttp://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/\u003c/extref\u003e. A digital version of SVBC board meeting minutes and monthly social minutes is available at: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/\"\u003ehttp://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["A digital version of the full run of SVBC newsletters is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/newsletters/archives/ . A digital version of SVBC board meeting minutes and monthly social minutes is available at:  http://svbcoalition.org/meeting-minutes/ ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series. All series are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eNewsletters, 1983-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1983-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eRide Materials, 1977-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series. All series are arranged chronologically.","Newsletters, 1983-2018 Administrative Files, 1983-2015 Ride Materials, 1977-2018"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eShenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. http://svbcoalition.org. Accessed May 8, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. http://svbcoalition.org. Accessed May 8, 2017."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club, formed in December 1982 as a road cycling club. The idea of forming a local bicycle club had been in the works since 1981 and after James Fulton, President of the League of American Wheelman, visited the Shenandoah Valley in December 1982, it was decided that the Valley was ready to play a more active role in the in the growing sport of bicycling. The club was founded with the basic purpose of providing \"opportunities for extending the individuals knowledge and appreciation of his/her environment and abilities through the experience in bicycling.\" The founding officers were Mark Nissley, President; Bruce Werner, Vice President; Ray Miller, Secretary and L.A.W. Representative; Sue Rippy, Treasurer; Norm Gulliksen, Touring Director; and L. B. Branner, Newsletter Editor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition hosts weekly, monthly, and annual rides with the most noted and longest running being the annual Shenandoah Valley Century, a 100-mile bicycle ride. This annual ride began in 1983 and takes place in September, coinciding with National Century Month. Rides of various lengths are offered at this event to accommodate all abilities and skillsets. Other SVBC-sponsored rides of note include the Annual Icicle Bike Ride (January 1), the Annual Super Bowl Sunday Ride, and the Annual Great Valley Interstate Tour from Harrisburg (PA) to Harrisonburg (VA) (AGVITHH). The starting location and final destination of AGVITHH rotated every year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2008, the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club merged with the Shenandoah Valley Mountain Bike Club (founded in 1996) to form the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club, formed in December 1982 as a road cycling club. The idea of forming a local bicycle club had been in the works since 1981 and after James Fulton, President of the League of American Wheelman, visited the Shenandoah Valley in December 1982, it was decided that the Valley was ready to play a more active role in the in the growing sport of bicycling. The club was founded with the basic purpose of providing \"opportunities for extending the individuals knowledge and appreciation of his/her environment and abilities through the experience in bicycling.\" The founding officers were Mark Nissley, President; Bruce Werner, Vice President; Ray Miller, Secretary and L.A.W. Representative; Sue Rippy, Treasurer; Norm Gulliksen, Touring Director; and L. B. Branner, Newsletter Editor.","The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition hosts weekly, monthly, and annual rides with the most noted and longest running being the annual Shenandoah Valley Century, a 100-mile bicycle ride. This annual ride began in 1983 and takes place in September, coinciding with National Century Month. Rides of various lengths are offered at this event to accommodate all abilities and skillsets. Other SVBC-sponsored rides of note include the Annual Icicle Bike Ride (January 1), the Annual Super Bowl Sunday Ride, and the Annual Great Valley Interstate Tour from Harrisburg (PA) to Harrisonburg (VA) (AGVITHH). The starting location and final destination of AGVITHH rotated every year.","In 2008, the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club merged with the Shenandoah Valley Mountain Bike Club (founded in 1996) to form the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, SC 0230, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, SC 0230, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNewsletters were removed from three-ring binders and foldered chronologically by year. An additional file of newsletters was interfiled and all duplicate copies were retained. The archivist removed correspondence and certificates that were interleaved within the newsletters and organized them chronologically according to document type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe MailChimp accession included membership lists, account activity, and various reports on geolocations, opens, clicks, etc., which are restricted due to the presence of personally identifying information. Electronic newsletter content and images are accessible in their exported formats as text files and chrome html documents. The folder containing electronic newsletters was originally titled, \"campaign_content\" which is the terminology MailChimp uses for its messaging, and was renamed to \"Newsletters\" in keeping with the physical documentation. SC staff removed 23 files that were empty. Original filenames have been retained. Newsletter images are comprised of ~1500 jpegs (converted from pngs, jfifs, and gifs) which presumably accompanied all electronic messages. The original filenames have been retained. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSVBC Meeting minutes downloaded from the website in 2018, were converted from word documents to pdf in 2019 for access copies. Files were renamed at the point that they were downloaded in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Newsletters were removed from three-ring binders and foldered chronologically by year. An additional file of newsletters was interfiled and all duplicate copies were retained. The archivist removed correspondence and certificates that were interleaved within the newsletters and organized them chronologically according to document type.","The MailChimp accession included membership lists, account activity, and various reports on geolocations, opens, clicks, etc., which are restricted due to the presence of personally identifying information. Electronic newsletter content and images are accessible in their exported formats as text files and chrome html documents. The folder containing electronic newsletters was originally titled, \"campaign_content\" which is the terminology MailChimp uses for its messaging, and was renamed to \"Newsletters\" in keeping with the physical documentation. SC staff removed 23 files that were empty. Original filenames have been retained. Newsletter images are comprised of ~1500 jpegs (converted from pngs, jfifs, and gifs) which presumably accompanied all electronic messages. The original filenames have been retained. ","SVBC Meeting minutes downloaded from the website in 2018, were converted from word documents to pdf in 2019 for access copies. Files were renamed at the point that they were downloaded in 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Newsletters, 1983-2018, comprises exclusively physical and digital newsletters produced by the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. The first issue of the SVBC newsletter was issued in March 1983. This series includes a full run of newsletters beginning with the inaugural issue through 2006 with the exception of the following missing newsletters: December 1988, January 1991, April-July 1995, January/February-March 1996. From there after, only the January/February 2007 and April 2008 issues are present in physical form, though a full run of digital copies (pdfs) is available from 2007-2010. From April 2008 until May of 2010, the newsletter adopted the name The Mellow Vélo, after the French translation of bicycle. The newsletters were issued monthly or bi-monthly and provided news stories, a calendar of upcoming meetings and events, member news, classifieds, information on rides, and general happenings within the SVBC. Newsletters issued 2007-2010 are available as pdfs only, as well as the following issues, which are not available in a physical copy: April-May 1998, May 2004, August 2005. Starting in May 2010, newsletters were sent to members electronically using the content manager, MailChimp; these are available as html files and text files. They retain the original filenames, which do not include the date, but they are listed in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Administrative Files, 1983-2015, contains scattered SVBC organizational records and includes handwritten meeting minutes, digital meeting minutes, board meeting minutes, SVBC's 1992 Constitution and Bylaws, awards and certificates, correspondence, and treasurer's reports, and Several Adopt-A-Highway Certificates of Appreciation are included as is a copy of the May 1999 Certificate of Recognition of Bicycle Month by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The correspondence is primarily thank-you cards and letters for donations made by SVBC to local organizations and scholarship funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ride Materials, 1977-2018, includes documents relating to various rides. The Shenandoah Valley Century Ride including posters, route maps and cue sheets, and brochures. Ride Summaries includes documents written by Art Fovargue summarizing the following rides: American Cancer Society, American Lung Association of Virginia Treks, Bike Aid, Bike Shenandoah, Fall Foliage Bike Festival, National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) MS150 event, Tour and Taste, Tour duPont, and Tour deValley. The series also contains 521 digital images from SVBC events, from 2008-2017. Digital materials in this series include both born-digital content as well as images of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2019, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.","Series 1: Newsletters, 1983-2018, comprises exclusively physical and digital newsletters produced by the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition. The first issue of the SVBC newsletter was issued in March 1983. This series includes a full run of newsletters beginning with the inaugural issue through 2006 with the exception of the following missing newsletters: December 1988, January 1991, April-July 1995, January/February-March 1996. From there after, only the January/February 2007 and April 2008 issues are present in physical form, though a full run of digital copies (pdfs) is available from 2007-2010. From April 2008 until May of 2010, the newsletter adopted the name The Mellow Vélo, after the French translation of bicycle. The newsletters were issued monthly or bi-monthly and provided news stories, a calendar of upcoming meetings and events, member news, classifieds, information on rides, and general happenings within the SVBC. Newsletters issued 2007-2010 are available as pdfs only, as well as the following issues, which are not available in a physical copy: April-May 1998, May 2004, August 2005. Starting in May 2010, newsletters were sent to members electronically using the content manager, MailChimp; these are available as html files and text files. They retain the original filenames, which do not include the date, but they are listed in chronological order.","Series 2: Administrative Files, 1983-2015, contains scattered SVBC organizational records and includes handwritten meeting minutes, digital meeting minutes, board meeting minutes, SVBC's 1992 Constitution and Bylaws, awards and certificates, correspondence, and treasurer's reports, and Several Adopt-A-Highway Certificates of Appreciation are included as is a copy of the May 1999 Certificate of Recognition of Bicycle Month by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The correspondence is primarily thank-you cards and letters for donations made by SVBC to local organizations and scholarship funds.","Series 3: Ride Materials, 1977-2018, includes documents relating to various rides. The Shenandoah Valley Century Ride including posters, route maps and cue sheets, and brochures. Ride Summaries includes documents written by Art Fovargue summarizing the following rides: American Cancer Society, American Lung Association of Virginia Treks, Bike Aid, Bike Shenandoah, Fall Foliage Bike Festival, National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) MS150 event, Tour and Taste, Tour duPont, and Tour deValley. The series also contains 521 digital images from SVBC events, from 2008-2017. Digital materials in this series include both born-digital content as well as images of original documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1c5117a83f4d5ac55b4ddff5aa8dbc62\"\u003eThe Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. Materials include newsletters, meeting minutes, correspondence, promotional material, route maps for the Annual Shenandoah Valley Century Ride and other rides, and digital photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition Records, 1977-2018, document the activities of the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Coalition (SVBC), formerly named the Shenandoah Valley Bicycle Club. 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