{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architecture%2C+Domestic+--+Designs+and+plans.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1899\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architecture%2C+Domestic+--+Designs+and+plans.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1899\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":3,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_768","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_768#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThese items document the early-career inspiration and late-career work of architect Alfred Oscar Elzner.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_768#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_768","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_768","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_768","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_768","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_768.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/677","title_filing_ssi":"Elzner, Alfred Oscar, sketch book and album","title_ssm":["Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album"],"title_tesim":["Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1923"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1923"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16393","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/768"],"text":["MSS 16393","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/768","Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Alfred Oscar (A.O.) Elzner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1862. Elzner trained as an architect at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After apprenticing for a variety of architects, Elzner founded his own firm in 1887 and was later joined by fellow Cincinnati architect George Mendenhall Anderson in 1896. The resulting company—Elzner \u0026 Anderson—constructed a variety of buildings both within and without Ohio, such as the Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, Virginia. One of the best-known of these buildings is the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati: the world's first high-rise office building made from reinforced concrete. Elzner continued work with his firm after Anderson died in 1916, and Elzner eventually died in 1933. Under the leadership of Joseph Nardini, Elzner \u0026 Anderson continued to operate under that original name until the beginning of World War II.","Source: http://www.architecturecincy.org/programs/biographical-dictionary-of-cincinnati-architects/e/","These items document the early-career inspiration and late-career work of architect Alfred Oscar Elzner.","The first album features approximately 75 sketches and floor plans made during Elzner's time working with architect James W. McLaughlin. The majority of the plans within the book are not Elzner's designs, but his sketches of houses he found interesting. Of particular interest to Elzner was Henry Hobson Richardson's work, and there are numerous sketches of the houses he designed. The sketches include William Burges' Tower house, and the Higginson House in Boston. The book also contains Elzner's submission to the Rotch's Traveling Scholarship in 1886. The design challenge for that year was to design an official mansion for the President of the United States. ","The second album is a photo album with fifteen photographs. Thirteen of the images are of Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, VA. Elzner designed the main building of the hotel in a Neo-Georgian scheme. The remaining two images, dated 15 February 1920 and 22 April 1920, depict the construction of an addition to The Greenbrier in White Sulphur, West Virginia. A sketch of the finished structure, dated 1923, is also included.","Collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Materials are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16393","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/768"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album"],"collection_ssim":["Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["Collection is open for research use."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.05 Cubic Feet 2 volumes"],"extent_tesim":["0.05 Cubic Feet 2 volumes"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlfred Oscar (A.O.) Elzner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1862. Elzner trained as an architect at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After apprenticing for a variety of architects, Elzner founded his own firm in 1887 and was later joined by fellow Cincinnati architect George Mendenhall Anderson in 1896. The resulting company—Elzner \u0026amp; Anderson—constructed a variety of buildings both within and without Ohio, such as the Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, Virginia. One of the best-known of these buildings is the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati: the world's first high-rise office building made from reinforced concrete. Elzner continued work with his firm after Anderson died in 1916, and Elzner eventually died in 1933. Under the leadership of Joseph Nardini, Elzner \u0026amp; Anderson continued to operate under that original name until the beginning of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: http://www.architecturecincy.org/programs/biographical-dictionary-of-cincinnati-architects/e/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alfred Oscar (A.O.) Elzner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1862. Elzner trained as an architect at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After apprenticing for a variety of architects, Elzner founded his own firm in 1887 and was later joined by fellow Cincinnati architect George Mendenhall Anderson in 1896. The resulting company—Elzner \u0026 Anderson—constructed a variety of buildings both within and without Ohio, such as the Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, Virginia. One of the best-known of these buildings is the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati: the world's first high-rise office building made from reinforced concrete. Elzner continued work with his firm after Anderson died in 1916, and Elzner eventually died in 1933. Under the leadership of Joseph Nardini, Elzner \u0026 Anderson continued to operate under that original name until the beginning of World War II.","Source: http://www.architecturecincy.org/programs/biographical-dictionary-of-cincinnati-architects/e/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16393, Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16393, Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese items document the early-career inspiration and late-career work of architect Alfred Oscar Elzner.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first album features approximately 75 sketches and floor plans made during Elzner's time working with architect James W. McLaughlin. The majority of the plans within the book are not Elzner's designs, but his sketches of houses he found interesting. Of particular interest to Elzner was Henry Hobson Richardson's work, and there are numerous sketches of the houses he designed. The sketches include William Burges' Tower house, and the Higginson House in Boston. The book also contains Elzner's submission to the Rotch's Traveling Scholarship in 1886. The design challenge for that year was to design an official mansion for the President of the United States. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second album is a photo album with fifteen photographs. Thirteen of the images are of Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, VA. Elzner designed the main building of the hotel in a Neo-Georgian scheme. The remaining two images, dated 15 February 1920 and 22 April 1920, depict the construction of an addition to The Greenbrier in White Sulphur, West Virginia. A sketch of the finished structure, dated 1923, is also included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These items document the early-career inspiration and late-career work of architect Alfred Oscar Elzner.","The first album features approximately 75 sketches and floor plans made during Elzner's time working with architect James W. McLaughlin. The majority of the plans within the book are not Elzner's designs, but his sketches of houses he found interesting. Of particular interest to Elzner was Henry Hobson Richardson's work, and there are numerous sketches of the houses he designed. The sketches include William Burges' Tower house, and the Higginson House in Boston. The book also contains Elzner's submission to the Rotch's Traveling Scholarship in 1886. The design challenge for that year was to design an official mansion for the President of the United States. ","The second album is a photo album with fifteen photographs. Thirteen of the images are of Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, VA. Elzner designed the main building of the hotel in a Neo-Georgian scheme. The remaining two images, dated 15 February 1920 and 22 April 1920, depict the construction of an addition to The Greenbrier in White Sulphur, West Virginia. 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Elzner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1862. Elzner trained as an architect at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After apprenticing for a variety of architects, Elzner founded his own firm in 1887 and was later joined by fellow Cincinnati architect George Mendenhall Anderson in 1896. The resulting company—Elzner \u0026 Anderson—constructed a variety of buildings both within and without Ohio, such as the Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, Virginia. One of the best-known of these buildings is the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati: the world's first high-rise office building made from reinforced concrete. Elzner continued work with his firm after Anderson died in 1916, and Elzner eventually died in 1933. Under the leadership of Joseph Nardini, Elzner \u0026 Anderson continued to operate under that original name until the beginning of World War II.","Source: http://www.architecturecincy.org/programs/biographical-dictionary-of-cincinnati-architects/e/","These items document the early-career inspiration and late-career work of architect Alfred Oscar Elzner.","The first album features approximately 75 sketches and floor plans made during Elzner's time working with architect James W. McLaughlin. The majority of the plans within the book are not Elzner's designs, but his sketches of houses he found interesting. Of particular interest to Elzner was Henry Hobson Richardson's work, and there are numerous sketches of the houses he designed. The sketches include William Burges' Tower house, and the Higginson House in Boston. The book also contains Elzner's submission to the Rotch's Traveling Scholarship in 1886. The design challenge for that year was to design an official mansion for the President of the United States. ","The second album is a photo album with fifteen photographs. Thirteen of the images are of Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, VA. Elzner designed the main building of the hotel in a Neo-Georgian scheme. The remaining two images, dated 15 February 1920 and 22 April 1920, depict the construction of an addition to The Greenbrier in White Sulphur, West Virginia. 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Elzner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1862. Elzner trained as an architect at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After apprenticing for a variety of architects, Elzner founded his own firm in 1887 and was later joined by fellow Cincinnati architect George Mendenhall Anderson in 1896. The resulting company—Elzner \u0026amp; Anderson—constructed a variety of buildings both within and without Ohio, such as the Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, Virginia. One of the best-known of these buildings is the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati: the world's first high-rise office building made from reinforced concrete. Elzner continued work with his firm after Anderson died in 1916, and Elzner eventually died in 1933. Under the leadership of Joseph Nardini, Elzner \u0026amp; Anderson continued to operate under that original name until the beginning of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: http://www.architecturecincy.org/programs/biographical-dictionary-of-cincinnati-architects/e/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alfred Oscar (A.O.) Elzner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1862. Elzner trained as an architect at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After apprenticing for a variety of architects, Elzner founded his own firm in 1887 and was later joined by fellow Cincinnati architect George Mendenhall Anderson in 1896. The resulting company—Elzner \u0026 Anderson—constructed a variety of buildings both within and without Ohio, such as the Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, Virginia. One of the best-known of these buildings is the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati: the world's first high-rise office building made from reinforced concrete. Elzner continued work with his firm after Anderson died in 1916, and Elzner eventually died in 1933. Under the leadership of Joseph Nardini, Elzner \u0026 Anderson continued to operate under that original name until the beginning of World War II.","Source: http://www.architecturecincy.org/programs/biographical-dictionary-of-cincinnati-architects/e/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16393, Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16393, Alfred Oscar Elzner sketch book and album, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese items document the early-career inspiration and late-career work of architect Alfred Oscar Elzner.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first album features approximately 75 sketches and floor plans made during Elzner's time working with architect James W. McLaughlin. The majority of the plans within the book are not Elzner's designs, but his sketches of houses he found interesting. Of particular interest to Elzner was Henry Hobson Richardson's work, and there are numerous sketches of the houses he designed. The sketches include William Burges' Tower house, and the Higginson House in Boston. The book also contains Elzner's submission to the Rotch's Traveling Scholarship in 1886. The design challenge for that year was to design an official mansion for the President of the United States. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second album is a photo album with fifteen photographs. Thirteen of the images are of Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, VA. Elzner designed the main building of the hotel in a Neo-Georgian scheme. The remaining two images, dated 15 February 1920 and 22 April 1920, depict the construction of an addition to The Greenbrier in White Sulphur, West Virginia. 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Thirteen of the images are of Homestead Hotel in Hot Springs, VA. Elzner designed the main building of the hotel in a Neo-Georgian scheme. The remaining two images, dated 15 February 1920 and 22 April 1920, depict the construction of an addition to The Greenbrier in White Sulphur, West Virginia. 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Robinson and Principals Architectural Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1030#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1030#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1030#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1030.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121246","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Charles M. and Principals Architectural Records","title_ssm":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"title_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1855-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1855-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030"],"text":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030","Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records","Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings","This collection is open for research.","Some of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.","Photographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.","Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","The collection is arranged into four main series: ","Series 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated","Series 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated","Series 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012","Series 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated","Series 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.","The files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.","In Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.","The files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. ","Charles Morrison Robinson  was born on  March 3, 1867 , in  Hamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia . He was the eldest son of  architect  and builder  James T. Robinson  and  Elizabeth Crockett Robinson . His family relocated to  Welland, Ontario , where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under  D.S. Hopkins  in  Grand Rapids, Michigan , and  John K. Peebles  in  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . In  1889 , he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026 Robinson—in  Altoona, Pennsylvania . He married  Annie Custer  in  1891 , and their son,  Charles Custer Robinson , was born two years later.  ","Following years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with  George T. Smith ,  R.B. Crockett , and  George Winkler ,  Robinson  returned to  Virginia  in  1906 , establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in  Richmond . Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  ","Between  1906  and  1932 , Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in  Richmond ,  Norfolk ,  Newport News ,  Portsmouth , and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026 Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. ","In  1908  he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at  Harrisonburg , now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026 Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. ","His practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at  Catawba ,  Burkeville , and  Charlottesville  for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  ","By the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson,  Benjamin A. Ruffin , and  John Binford Walford , who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in  1926 , he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on  August 20, 1932 , at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  ","The practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026 Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026 Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026 Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.","Reference List:","Arlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf","Ledger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/","Loth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026q=charles%20robinson\u0026f=false","Morgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/","Moyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/","Preservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m","Robinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html","United States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf","Winthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/","CONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23","The Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. ","Series 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. ","Series 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. ","Series 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   ","Included are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. ","Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. ","Of particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. ","The works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. ","Series 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. ","This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson","Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. Ruffin","John Binford Walford","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"collection_ssim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from David Robinson, 2021-03-31"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["278.62 Cubic Feet 1768 rolls of architectural drawings housed in 1458 tube boxes, 4 tube rolls, 93 oversized flat file folders, and 2 oversized flat boxes. 11 legal document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, and 9 oversized flat folders of records"],"extent_tesim":["278.62 Cubic Feet 1768 rolls of architectural drawings housed in 1458 tube boxes, 4 tube rolls, 93 oversized flat file folders, and 2 oversized flat boxes. 11 legal document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, and 9 oversized flat folders of records"],"genreform_ssim":["Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Physical Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research.","Some of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.","Photographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.","Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four main series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four main series: ","Series 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated","Series 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated","Series 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012","Series 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated","Series 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.","The files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.","In Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.","The files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eCharles Morrison Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e was born on \u003cdate\u003eMarch 3, 1867\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eHamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. He was the eldest son of \u003coccupation\u003earchitect\u003c/occupation\u003e and builder \u003cpersname\u003eJames T. Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e and \u003cpersname\u003eElizabeth Crockett Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e. His family relocated to \u003cgeogname\u003eWelland, Ontario\u003c/geogname\u003e, where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under \u003cpersname\u003eD.S. Hopkins\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eGrand Rapids, Michigan\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eJohn K. Peebles\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003ePittsburgh, Pennsylvania\u003c/geogname\u003e. In \u003cdate\u003e1889\u003c/date\u003e, he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026amp; Robinson—in \u003cgeogname\u003eAltoona, Pennsylvania\u003c/geogname\u003e. He married \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie Custer\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1891\u003c/date\u003e, and their son, \u003cpersname\u003eCharles Custer Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e, was born two years later.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge T. Smith\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname\u003eR.B. Crockett\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Winkler\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cfamname\u003eRobinson\u003c/famname\u003e returned to \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1906\u003c/date\u003e, establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond\u003c/geogname\u003e. Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween \u003cdate\u003e1906\u003c/date\u003e and \u003cdate\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e, Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eNorfolk\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eNewport News\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003ePortsmouth\u003c/geogname\u003e, and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026amp; Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1908\u003c/date\u003e he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at \u003cgeogname\u003eHarrisonburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026amp; Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at \u003cgeogname\u003eCatawba\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eBurkeville\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003e for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson, \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin A. Ruffin\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Binford Walford\u003c/persname\u003e, who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in \u003cdate\u003e1926\u003c/date\u003e, he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on \u003cdate\u003eAugust 20, 1932\u003c/date\u003e, at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026amp; Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026amp; Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026amp; Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReference List:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLedger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLoth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026amp;q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=charles%20robinson\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePreservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Morrison Robinson  was born on  March 3, 1867 , in  Hamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia . He was the eldest son of  architect  and builder  James T. Robinson  and  Elizabeth Crockett Robinson . His family relocated to  Welland, Ontario , where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under  D.S. Hopkins  in  Grand Rapids, Michigan , and  John K. Peebles  in  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . In  1889 , he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026 Robinson—in  Altoona, Pennsylvania . He married  Annie Custer  in  1891 , and their son,  Charles Custer Robinson , was born two years later.  ","Following years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with  George T. Smith ,  R.B. Crockett , and  George Winkler ,  Robinson  returned to  Virginia  in  1906 , establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in  Richmond . Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  ","Between  1906  and  1932 , Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in  Richmond ,  Norfolk ,  Newport News ,  Portsmouth , and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026 Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. ","In  1908  he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at  Harrisonburg , now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026 Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. ","His practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at  Catawba ,  Burkeville , and  Charlottesville  for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  ","By the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson,  Benjamin A. Ruffin , and  John Binford Walford , who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in  1926 , he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on  August 20, 1932 , at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  ","The practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026 Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026 Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026 Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.","Reference List:","Arlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf","Ledger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/","Loth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026q=charles%20robinson\u0026f=false","Morgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/","Moyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/","Preservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m","Robinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html","United States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf","Winthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Conservation and Preservation"],"odd_tesim":["CONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16518, Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16518, Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrimary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. ","Series 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. ","Series 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. ","Series 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   ","Included are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. ","Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. ","Of particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. ","The works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. ","Series 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson","Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. Ruffin","John Binford Walford"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"famname_ssim":["Robinson"],"names_coll_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. Ruffin","John Binford Walford"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1707,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:45:15.875Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1030.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121246","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Charles M. and Principals Architectural Records","title_ssm":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"title_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1855-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1855-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030"],"text":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030","Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records","Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings","This collection is open for research.","Some of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.","Photographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.","Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","The collection is arranged into four main series: ","Series 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated","Series 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated","Series 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012","Series 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated","Series 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.","The files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.","In Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.","The files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. ","Charles Morrison Robinson  was born on  March 3, 1867 , in  Hamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia . He was the eldest son of  architect  and builder  James T. Robinson  and  Elizabeth Crockett Robinson . His family relocated to  Welland, Ontario , where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under  D.S. Hopkins  in  Grand Rapids, Michigan , and  John K. Peebles  in  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . In  1889 , he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026 Robinson—in  Altoona, Pennsylvania . He married  Annie Custer  in  1891 , and their son,  Charles Custer Robinson , was born two years later.  ","Following years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with  George T. Smith ,  R.B. Crockett , and  George Winkler ,  Robinson  returned to  Virginia  in  1906 , establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in  Richmond . Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  ","Between  1906  and  1932 , Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in  Richmond ,  Norfolk ,  Newport News ,  Portsmouth , and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026 Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. ","In  1908  he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at  Harrisonburg , now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026 Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. ","His practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at  Catawba ,  Burkeville , and  Charlottesville  for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  ","By the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson,  Benjamin A. Ruffin , and  John Binford Walford , who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in  1926 , he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on  August 20, 1932 , at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  ","The practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026 Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026 Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026 Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.","Reference List:","Arlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf","Ledger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/","Loth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026q=charles%20robinson\u0026f=false","Morgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/","Moyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/","Preservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m","Robinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html","United States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf","Winthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/","CONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23","The Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. ","Series 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. ","Series 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. ","Series 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   ","Included are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. ","Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. ","Of particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. ","The works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. ","Series 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. ","This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson","Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. 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Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"collection_ssim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from David Robinson, 2021-03-31"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["278.62 Cubic Feet 1768 rolls of architectural drawings housed in 1458 tube boxes, 4 tube rolls, 93 oversized flat file folders, and 2 oversized flat boxes. 11 legal document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, and 9 oversized flat folders of records"],"extent_tesim":["278.62 Cubic Feet 1768 rolls of architectural drawings housed in 1458 tube boxes, 4 tube rolls, 93 oversized flat file folders, and 2 oversized flat boxes. 11 legal document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, and 9 oversized flat folders of records"],"genreform_ssim":["Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Physical Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research.","Some of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.","Photographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.","Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four main series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four main series: ","Series 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated","Series 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated","Series 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012","Series 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated","Series 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.","The files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.","In Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.","The files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eCharles Morrison Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e was born on \u003cdate\u003eMarch 3, 1867\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eHamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. He was the eldest son of \u003coccupation\u003earchitect\u003c/occupation\u003e and builder \u003cpersname\u003eJames T. Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e and \u003cpersname\u003eElizabeth Crockett Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e. His family relocated to \u003cgeogname\u003eWelland, Ontario\u003c/geogname\u003e, where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under \u003cpersname\u003eD.S. Hopkins\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eGrand Rapids, Michigan\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eJohn K. Peebles\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003ePittsburgh, Pennsylvania\u003c/geogname\u003e. In \u003cdate\u003e1889\u003c/date\u003e, he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026amp; Robinson—in \u003cgeogname\u003eAltoona, Pennsylvania\u003c/geogname\u003e. He married \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie Custer\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1891\u003c/date\u003e, and their son, \u003cpersname\u003eCharles Custer Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e, was born two years later.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge T. Smith\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname\u003eR.B. Crockett\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Winkler\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cfamname\u003eRobinson\u003c/famname\u003e returned to \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1906\u003c/date\u003e, establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond\u003c/geogname\u003e. Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween \u003cdate\u003e1906\u003c/date\u003e and \u003cdate\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e, Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eNorfolk\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eNewport News\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003ePortsmouth\u003c/geogname\u003e, and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026amp; Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1908\u003c/date\u003e he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at \u003cgeogname\u003eHarrisonburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026amp; Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at \u003cgeogname\u003eCatawba\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eBurkeville\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003e for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson, \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin A. Ruffin\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Binford Walford\u003c/persname\u003e, who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in \u003cdate\u003e1926\u003c/date\u003e, he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on \u003cdate\u003eAugust 20, 1932\u003c/date\u003e, at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026amp; Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026amp; Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026amp; Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReference List:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLedger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLoth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026amp;q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=charles%20robinson\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePreservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Morrison Robinson  was born on  March 3, 1867 , in  Hamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia . He was the eldest son of  architect  and builder  James T. Robinson  and  Elizabeth Crockett Robinson . His family relocated to  Welland, Ontario , where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under  D.S. Hopkins  in  Grand Rapids, Michigan , and  John K. Peebles  in  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . In  1889 , he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026 Robinson—in  Altoona, Pennsylvania . He married  Annie Custer  in  1891 , and their son,  Charles Custer Robinson , was born two years later.  ","Following years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with  George T. Smith ,  R.B. Crockett , and  George Winkler ,  Robinson  returned to  Virginia  in  1906 , establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in  Richmond . Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  ","Between  1906  and  1932 , Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in  Richmond ,  Norfolk ,  Newport News ,  Portsmouth , and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026 Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. ","In  1908  he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at  Harrisonburg , now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026 Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. ","His practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at  Catawba ,  Burkeville , and  Charlottesville  for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  ","By the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson,  Benjamin A. Ruffin , and  John Binford Walford , who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in  1926 , he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on  August 20, 1932 , at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  ","The practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026 Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026 Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026 Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.","Reference List:","Arlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf","Ledger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/","Loth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026q=charles%20robinson\u0026f=false","Morgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/","Moyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/","Preservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m","Robinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html","United States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf","Winthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Conservation and Preservation"],"odd_tesim":["CONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16518, Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16518, Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrimary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. ","Series 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. ","Series 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. ","Series 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   ","Included are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. ","Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. ","Of particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. ","The works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. ","Series 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. 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With these are copies of letters pertinent to the above drawings including a letter from E. A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage. The drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. The steel I-beams were undersized and the design was later corrected by Stanford White. The collection also contains a blueprint map of the University by Kaigiro Sugino, 1899, showing the gas, water, and sewer systems.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1547#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1547.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/190346","title_ssm":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"title_tesim":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-1907"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1907"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[" RG-31/1/2:2.872","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1547"],"text":[" RG-31/1/2:2.872","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1547","McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Designs and plans","University of Virginia. Rouss Hall","University of Virginia. Cocke Hall","University of Virginia. Garrett Hall","University of Virginia -- Fire, 1895","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architecture, Domestic -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Public utilities -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Sewerage -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Gas pipelines -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Waterworks -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Historical maps ","Blueprints","The collection is open for research use.","The drawings, grouped by project, are arranged and listed by the drawing number assigned by the firm. The result is a chronological arrangement of sheets for each building project, with details, plans, elevations and sections interspersed among each grouping. Frequently, as many as three or four copies of a particular drawing, in a variety of media, survive.","Established by Charles McKim, William Mead, and Stanford White in 1879, the McKim, Mead, and White firm quickly rose to prominence with its Beaux Arts masterpieces heavily inspired from the trio's travels through Europe. Among their works are the original Pennsylvania Station, Columbia University's library, and the Brooklyn Museum in New York City, not to mention the Boston Public Library. Stanford White was commissioned by the University of Virginia to oversee new construction after a destructive fire in 1895 razed the Rotunda Annex and reduced the Rotunda to its outer walls. The resulting building program restored the Rotunda, provided new classroom facilities to replace the space lost with the destruction of the Rotunda Annex, and addressed other building needs.","Kaigiro Sugino attended University of Virginia from 1890-1894 and later worked [as a mining engineer?] in Ivanhoe, Va. The alumni directory for 1910 lists him as a resident of Sapporo, Japan. The directory for 1921 lists him in Kobe and manager of the Japan Tourist Board.","MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c: transferred to RG-31/1/2:2.872 1987 Sep 21.\nOriginally accessioned as MSS 8918 and MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c AND MSS 6846-p.","The collection include copies of letters related to building projects at UVA. The originals are held at the New York Historical Society.","The large original linen drawings were given professional conservation treatment in 2010; drawings longer than 48 inches have been individually rolled.","The architectural drawings document building projects at the University of Virginia designed by Stanford White following the fire of 1895, including: the rebuilding of the Rotunda, the construction of the Academical Building (Cabell Hall), the Mechanical Laboratory (Cocke Hall), the Physical Laboratory (Rouss Hall), a Boiler House, the Refectory (Garrett Hall), the President's House (Carr's Hill) and a proposed dormitory that was never built.\nWith these are copies of letters pertinent to the above drawings including a letter from E. A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage.\nThe drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. The steel I-beams were undersized and the design was later corrected by Stanford White.\nThe collection also contains a blueprint map of the University by Kaigiro Sugino, 1899, showing the gas, water, and sewer systems.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":[" RG-31/1/2:2.872","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1547"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"collection_title_tesim":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"collection_ssim":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Designs and plans","University of Virginia. Rouss Hall","University of Virginia. Cocke Hall","University of Virginia. 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Among their works are the original Pennsylvania Station, Columbia University's library, and the Brooklyn Museum in New York City, not to mention the Boston Public Library. Stanford White was commissioned by the University of Virginia to oversee new construction after a destructive fire in 1895 razed the Rotunda Annex and reduced the Rotunda to its outer walls. The resulting building program restored the Rotunda, provided new classroom facilities to replace the space lost with the destruction of the Rotunda Annex, and addressed other building needs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKaigiro Sugino attended University of Virginia from 1890-1894 and later worked [as a mining engineer?] in Ivanhoe, Va. The alumni directory for 1910 lists him as a resident of Sapporo, Japan. The directory for 1921 lists him in Kobe and manager of the Japan Tourist Board.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Established by Charles McKim, William Mead, and Stanford White in 1879, the McKim, Mead, and White firm quickly rose to prominence with its Beaux Arts masterpieces heavily inspired from the trio's travels through Europe. Among their works are the original Pennsylvania Station, Columbia University's library, and the Brooklyn Museum in New York City, not to mention the Boston Public Library. Stanford White was commissioned by the University of Virginia to oversee new construction after a destructive fire in 1895 razed the Rotunda Annex and reduced the Rotunda to its outer walls. The resulting building program restored the Rotunda, provided new classroom facilities to replace the space lost with the destruction of the Rotunda Annex, and addressed other building needs.","Kaigiro Sugino attended University of Virginia from 1890-1894 and later worked [as a mining engineer?] in Ivanhoe, Va. The alumni directory for 1910 lists him as a resident of Sapporo, Japan. The directory for 1921 lists him in Kobe and manager of the Japan Tourist Board."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c: transferred to RG-31/1/2:2.872 1987 Sep 21.\nOriginally accessioned as MSS 8918 and MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c AND MSS 6846-p.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c: transferred to RG-31/1/2:2.872 1987 Sep 21.\nOriginally accessioned as MSS 8918 and MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c AND MSS 6846-p."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection include copies of letters related to building projects at UVA. The originals are held at the New York Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The collection include copies of letters related to building projects at UVA. 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A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage.\nThe drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. The steel I-beams were undersized and the design was later corrected by Stanford White.\nThe collection also contains a blueprint map of the University by Kaigiro Sugino, 1899, showing the gas, water, and sewer systems.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The architectural drawings document building projects at the University of Virginia designed by Stanford White following the fire of 1895, including: the rebuilding of the Rotunda, the construction of the Academical Building (Cabell Hall), the Mechanical Laboratory (Cocke Hall), the Physical Laboratory (Rouss Hall), a Boiler House, the Refectory (Garrett Hall), the President's House (Carr's Hill) and a proposed dormitory that was never built.\nWith these are copies of letters pertinent to the above drawings including a letter from E. A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage.\nThe drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. The steel I-beams were undersized and the design was later corrected by Stanford White.\nThe collection also contains a blueprint map of the University by Kaigiro Sugino, 1899, showing the gas, water, and sewer systems."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":251,"online_item_count_is":251,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:51:17.647Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1547","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1547.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/190346","title_ssm":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"title_tesim":["McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-1907"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1907"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[" RG-31/1/2:2.872","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1547"],"text":[" RG-31/1/2:2.872","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1547","McKim, Mead, and White architectural drawings","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Designs and plans","University of Virginia. Rouss Hall","University of Virginia. Cocke Hall","University of Virginia. Garrett Hall","University of Virginia -- Fire, 1895","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architecture, Domestic -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Public utilities -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Sewerage -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Gas pipelines -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Waterworks -- Virginia -- Charlottesville","Historical maps ","Blueprints","The collection is open for research use.","The drawings, grouped by project, are arranged and listed by the drawing number assigned by the firm. The result is a chronological arrangement of sheets for each building project, with details, plans, elevations and sections interspersed among each grouping. Frequently, as many as three or four copies of a particular drawing, in a variety of media, survive.","Established by Charles McKim, William Mead, and Stanford White in 1879, the McKim, Mead, and White firm quickly rose to prominence with its Beaux Arts masterpieces heavily inspired from the trio's travels through Europe. Among their works are the original Pennsylvania Station, Columbia University's library, and the Brooklyn Museum in New York City, not to mention the Boston Public Library. Stanford White was commissioned by the University of Virginia to oversee new construction after a destructive fire in 1895 razed the Rotunda Annex and reduced the Rotunda to its outer walls. The resulting building program restored the Rotunda, provided new classroom facilities to replace the space lost with the destruction of the Rotunda Annex, and addressed other building needs.","Kaigiro Sugino attended University of Virginia from 1890-1894 and later worked [as a mining engineer?] in Ivanhoe, Va. The alumni directory for 1910 lists him as a resident of Sapporo, Japan. The directory for 1921 lists him in Kobe and manager of the Japan Tourist Board.","MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c: transferred to RG-31/1/2:2.872 1987 Sep 21.\nOriginally accessioned as MSS 8918 and MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c AND MSS 6846-p.","The collection include copies of letters related to building projects at UVA. The originals are held at the New York Historical Society.","The large original linen drawings were given professional conservation treatment in 2010; drawings longer than 48 inches have been individually rolled.","The architectural drawings document building projects at the University of Virginia designed by Stanford White following the fire of 1895, including: the rebuilding of the Rotunda, the construction of the Academical Building (Cabell Hall), the Mechanical Laboratory (Cocke Hall), the Physical Laboratory (Rouss Hall), a Boiler House, the Refectory (Garrett Hall), the President's House (Carr's Hill) and a proposed dormitory that was never built.\nWith these are copies of letters pertinent to the above drawings including a letter from E. A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage.\nThe drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. 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The directory for 1921 lists him in Kobe and manager of the Japan Tourist Board."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c: transferred to RG-31/1/2:2.872 1987 Sep 21.\nOriginally accessioned as MSS 8918 and MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c AND MSS 6846-p.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c: transferred to RG-31/1/2:2.872 1987 Sep 21.\nOriginally accessioned as MSS 8918 and MSS 1414, 1414-a, 1414-b, 1414-c AND MSS 6846-p."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection include copies of letters related to building projects at UVA. The originals are held at the New York Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The collection include copies of letters related to building projects at UVA. 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A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage.\nThe drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. The steel I-beams were undersized and the design was later corrected by Stanford White.\nThe collection also contains a blueprint map of the University by Kaigiro Sugino, 1899, showing the gas, water, and sewer systems.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The architectural drawings document building projects at the University of Virginia designed by Stanford White following the fire of 1895, including: the rebuilding of the Rotunda, the construction of the Academical Building (Cabell Hall), the Mechanical Laboratory (Cocke Hall), the Physical Laboratory (Rouss Hall), a Boiler House, the Refectory (Garrett Hall), the President's House (Carr's Hill) and a proposed dormitory that was never built.\nWith these are copies of letters pertinent to the above drawings including a letter from E. A. Alderman to Stanford White on the design for the University of Virginia president's home and student dining hall, 1906 May 1; a reply dictated by Stanford White on the style of the proposed president's home, May 31; and a 1942 list of blueprints made from White's original drawings and sent to the University at the request of librarian Louise Savage.\nThe drawing \"Design for Terrace\" is the work of the McDonald Brothers studio, circa 1895, the firm first hired to rebuild the Rotunda. 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